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673:, known as the Committee of Five, which was given the task of drafting the Declaration of Independence. After establishing a general outline for the document, the committee decided that Jefferson would write the first draft. The committee reviewed Jefferson's draft, making extensive changes, before presenting Jefferson's revised draft to Congress on June 28, 1776. Before he could sign the final version of the Declaration, Livingston was recalled by his state. However, he sent his cousin,
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755:, retaining this title until 1801. The Grand Lodge's library in Manhattan bears his name. The Bible Livingston used to administer the oath of office to President Washington is owned by St. John's Lodge No. 1 and is still used today when the Grand Master is sworn in, and, by request, when a President of the United States is sworn in.
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The
Livingstons of Livingston Manor: Being the History of that Branch of the Scottish House of Callendar which Settled in the English Province of New York During the Reign of Charles the Second; and Also Including an Account of Robert Livingston of Albany, "The Nephew," a Settler in the Same Province
627:
After serving as chancellor for almost 24 years, Livingston left office on June 30, 1801. During that period, he became nationally known by his title alone as "The
Chancellor", and even after leaving office, he was respectfully addressed as Chancellor Livingston for the remainder of his life.
809:. In 1794, he built a new home called New Clermont, which was subsequently renamed Arryl House, a phonetic spelling of his initials "RRL", which was deemed "the most commodious home in America" and contained a library of four thousand volumes. Together, Robert and Mary were the parents of:
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Institution of the
Society of the Cincinnati : formed by the officers of the American Army of the Revolution, 1783, with extracts, from the proceedings of its general meetings and from the transactions of the New York State
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654:. Thomas Jefferson is depicted presenting the draft Declaration to Congress with Benjamin Franklin at his side. Behind them are, from left to right, John Adams, Roger Sherman, and Livingston.
805:. Following their marriage, he built a home south of Clermont, called Belvedere, which was burned to the ground along with Clermont in 1777 by the British Army under General
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We have lived long but this is the noblest work of our whole lives ... The United States takes rank this day among the first powers of the world.
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At the time, the
Livingstons used their father's first names as middle names to distinguish the numerous members of the family, as a kind of
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Valley families. He had three brothers and five sisters, all of whom wed and made their homes on the Hudson River near the family seat at
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Livingston died on
February 26, 1813, and was buried in the Clermont Livingston vault at St. Paul's Church in Tivoli, New York.
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1544:"G. Livingston Dies; Long an Architect; Practitioner Here for 50 Years Included Hayden Planetarium, Oregon Capitol in His Work"
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723:. On her maiden voyage, she left New York City with him as a passenger, stopped briefly at Clermont Manor, and continued to
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480:(1758β1843) (who succeeded him as U.S. Minister to France), and sister Joanna Livingston (1759β1827), who married
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1152:"Livingston, Robert R. (1718β1775), [The Petition of Michael Theyser of the City of New York, Innkeeper]"
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522:. Livingston, a member of a large and prominent family, was known for continually quarreling with his relatives.
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2020:
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De
Peyster, Frederic. "A Biographical Sketch of Robert R. Livingston" (NY Historical Society, October 3, 1876)
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building, according to the tradition of each state selecting two individuals from the state to be so honored.
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up the Hudson River, completing in just under 60 hours a journey that had previously taken nearly a week by
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701:. After the signing of the Louisiana Purchase agreement in 1803, Livingston made this memorable statement:
415:, but was recalled by the state of New York before he could sign the document. Livingston administered the
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1627:"Chancellor Robert R Livingston Masonic Library β Collecting, Studying, and Preserving Masonic Heritage"
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1464:"Clermont State Historic Site: Imagining Arryl House: Piecing Together an Architectural Masterpiece"
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2014:
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Margaret Maria
Livingston (1783β1818), who married Robert L. Livingston (1775β1843), the son of
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Robert Edward
Livingston (1820β1889), who married Susan Maria Clarkson de Peyster (1823β1910)
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On July 4, 1786, he was part of the second group elected as honorary members of the New York
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as a
Democratic-Republican, unsuccessfully challenging incumbent governor John Jay in the
391:" after the high New York state legal office he held for 25 years. He was a member of the
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November 16) β February 26, 1813) was an
American lawyer, politician, and diplomat from
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491:(1688β1775) of Clermont and Margaret Howarden (1693β1758). His great-grandparents were
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573:. Livingston administered the presidential oath of office to George Washington at his
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719:, whose home port was at the Livingston family home of Clermont Manor in the town of
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Negotiating the Louisiana Purchase: Robert Livingston's Mission to France, 1801β1804
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On September 9, 1770, Livingston married Mary Stevens (1751β1814), the daughter of
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Livingston is depicted on the 1953 postage stamp commemorating the signing of the
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List of international trips made by secretaries of state of the United States
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The Jefferson Memorial's pediment and its sculpture of the Committee of Five
866:
Clermont Livingston (1817β1895), who married Cornelia Livingston (1824β1851)
693:, once Jefferson became president on March 4, 1801, he appointed Livingston
588:
In 1789, Livingston joined the Jeffersonian Republicans (later known as the
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1336:"Jefferson's 'original Rough draught' of the Declaration of Independence"
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Through his eldest daughter Elizabeth he was the grandfather of four:
790:
Margaret Beekman Livingston, mother of Chancellor Robert R. Livingston
3750:(*) elected but declined; (**) elected but died before taking office
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744:
376:
1911:
464:(1764-1836), who also served as U.S. Minister to France, his sister
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2659:
1871:
1742:
920:
613:
192:
159:
3869:
Presidents of the Saint Andrew's Society of the State of New York
1283:
World of the Founders: New York Communities in the Federal Period
919:
The Robert Livingston high-rise building at 85 Livingston St. in
669:
On June 11, 1776, Livingston was appointed to a committee of the
1626:
2131:
731:
sailboat. In 1811, Fulton and Livingston became members of the
1743:
The Chancellor Robert R Livingston Masonic Library of New York
546:
but soon thereafter identified himself with the anti-colonial
500:
476:(1738β1775), sister Alida Livingston (1761β1822), who married
1650:"Robert R. Livingston, The Author of the Louisiana Purchase."
728:
27:
American politician, diplomat and Founding Father (1746β1813)
897:
was commissioned by the state of New York and placed in the
738:
472:(1754β1844), sister Janet Livingston (d. 1824), who married
709:
During his time as U.S. minister to France, Livingston met
1406:
The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, Vol. XI
1310:
The Declaration of Independence: The Evolution of the Text
1727:
713:, with whom he developed the first viable steamboat, the
1653:
Proceedings of the New York State Historical Association
1206:"Robert R. Livingston, Jr.: The Reluctant Revolutionary"
1715:
The Original Letters of Robert R, Livingston, 1801β1803
697:. Serving from 1801 to 1804, Livingston negotiated the
2635:
1684:
Chancellor Robert R. Livingston of New York, 1746β1813
813:
Elizabeth Stevens Livingston (1780β1829), who married
681:, would go on to sign the United States Constitution.
592:), forming an uneasy alliance with his previous rival
1662:
The American Secretaries of State and their diplomacy
1280:
Schechter, Stephen L.; Tripp, Wendell Edward (1990).
1246:. Vol. VI. Boston: American Biographical Society
1001:
677:, to sign the document in his place. Another cousin,
1735:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
1240:
Johnson, Rossiter; Brown, John Howard, eds. (1906).
1215:. Vol. 4, no. 1. p. 9. Archived from
600:, then a political newcomer. Livingston opposed the
1399:
1397:
1542:
1158:. The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History
529:in June 1765 and was admitted to the bar in 1773.
1658:Bonham, Jr., Milledge L. "Robert R. Livingston".
1491:The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record
427:. Livingston was also elected as a member of the
3760:
1394:
1382:. New York: Printed for the Society by D. Taylor
1120:
1118:
1605:. Library Reprints, Incorporated. p. 478.
928:Chancellor Robert R. Livingston Masonic Library
460:. Among his siblings were his younger brother,
3161:
1411:New York Genealogical and Biographical Society
1340:Declaring Independence: Drafting the Documents
1307:Boyd, Julian Parks; Gawalt, Gerard W. (1999).
1279:
859:Elizabeth Livingston (1813β1896), who married
631:
561:On July 30, 1777, Livingston became the first
3814:Continental Congressmen from New York (state)
3410:
3147:
2621:
2104:
2015:Jefferson Memorial Committee of Five pediment
1927:
1179:"Chancellor Robert R. Livingston of New York"
1115:
852:Margaret Livingston (1808β1874), who married
74:December 6, 1801 β November 18, 1804
3884:People of the American Industrial Revolution
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1456:
1368:
1239:
1144:
537:
1508:
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1176:
608:, founded and led by his former colleagues
3864:United States secretary of foreign affairs
3784:Ambassadors of the United States to France
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3403:
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3140:
2628:
2614:
2111:
2097:
1975:United States Secretary of Foreign Affairs
1934:
1920:
1862:United States Secretary of Foreign Affairs
1535:
1306:
1124:
1078:following the American Revolution in 1784.
747:, and in 1784, he was appointed the first
684:
567:United States Secretary of Foreign Affairs
542:In October 1773, Livingston was appointed
115:United States Secretary of Foreign Affairs
47:
1748:Louisiana Purchase Risks and Rewards page
739:Freemasonry and the Society of Cincinnati
689:Following Thomas Jefferson's election as
556:
300:
30:For other people with the same name, see
1670:An American Aristocracy: The Livingstons
1478:
1425:
1374:
1300:
1257:
977:
961:
945:
831:and Cornelia Schuyler, on July 10, 1799.
785:
657:
635:
127:October 20, 1781 β June 4, 1783
3859:New York (state) Democratic-Republicans
2067:First inauguration of George Washington
1598:
1076:Columbia College of Columbia University
934:is named in his honor, and is house at
585:, which was then the nation's capital.
550:and was replaced a few months later by
439:Livingston was the eldest son of Judge
14:
3761:
1485:Jay, Elizabeth Clarkson (April 1881).
1243:The Biographical Dictionary of America
1203:
180:July 30, 1777 β June 30, 1801
3879:Founding Fathers of the United States
3398:
3135:
2609:
2092:
1941:
1915:
1125:Livingston, Edwin Brockholst (1910).
916:, which honors the Committee of Five.
910:Jefferson Memorial pediment sculpture
444:
425:assumed the presidency April 30, 1789
1730:"Robert R. Livingston (id: L000372)"
1487:"The Descendants of James Alexander"
1431:
1357:The Louisiana State Capitol Building
1334:Boyd, Julian P., ed. (4 July 1995).
1333:
1048:
932:Grand Lodge of the State of New York
873:
843:
385:Founding Father of the United States
3794:American people of Scottish descent
2127:United States Ambassadors to France
1484:
1313:. Library of Congress. p. 22.
24:
3849:United States secretaries of state
3809:Columbia College (New York) alumni
2637:United States Secretaries of State
1707:
1642:
1573:"Mrs. Susan de Peyster Livingston"
1177:Dangerfield, George (1960-11-16).
468:(1757β1833), who married Governor
452:) Livingston, uniting two wealthy
25:
3895:
3819:18th-century American politicians
1721:
1213:The Hudson Valley Regional Review
514:(1628β1683). His grand-uncle was
2668:
2172:
2130:
2120:
1894:United States Minister to France
1717:ed. by Edward A. Parsons (1953).
1346:from the original on 2019-05-02.
1035:
1023:
1011:
781:
358:
62:United States Minister to France
3804:Chancellors of New York (state)
3779:19th-century American diplomats
2057:Robert Livingston (grandfather)
1992:Louisiana Purchase (negotiated)
1619:
1592:
1581:. February 11, 1910. p. 11
1350:
1327:
1273:
1268:Encyclopedia of World Biography
487:His paternal grandparents were
296:
3844:Politicians from New York City
1197:
1170:
1091:
1068:
1055:
908:Livingston is included on the
691:President of the United States
429:American Philosophical Society
13:
1:
3839:People from colonial New York
1655:6 (1906): 100β14 β via JSTOR.
1524:. 28 November 1884. p. 2
1253:– via Internet Archive.
1129:and His Principal Descendants
1085:
820:(1779β1843), the grandson of
604:and other initiatives of the
518:(1686β1749), the 2nd Lord of
434:
138:Congress of the Confederation
18:Robert Livingston (1746β1813)
2645:Secretary of Foreign Affairs
2062:Clermont State Historic Site
1286:. Rowman & Littlefield.
1204:Brandt, Clare (March 1987).
7:
2052:Edward Livingston (brother)
1963:Declaration of Independence
1660:in Samuel Flagg Bemis, ed.
1588:– via Newspapers.com.
1531:– via Newspapers.com.
1516:"Death of Edward H. Ludlow"
1074:King's College was renamed
990:
884:Livingston County, New York
880:Livingston County, Kentucky
801:and sister of the inventor
762:, along with Chief Justice
671:Second Continental Congress
651:Declaration of Independence
632:Declaration of Independence
493:Robert Livingston the Elder
397:Declaration of Independence
95:Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
10:
3900:
3854:Lawyers from New York City
3163:Recorders of New York City
2047:Robert Livingston (father)
1553:. June 4, 1951. p. 26
770:, Continental Congressman
525:Livingston graduated from
443:(1718β1775) and Margaret (
29:
3432:
3169:
3120:
2677:
2666:
2643:
2394:
2261:Minister Plenipotentiary
2258:
2182:Ministers Plenipotentiary
2181:
2170:
2140:
2039:
2007:
1984:
1949:
1900:
1891:
1883:
1878:
1868:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1839:
1830:
1825:
1815:
1809:Recorder of New York City
1806:
1798:
1793:
1783:
1768:
1760:
1755:
1504:– via Google Books.
1438:www.hudsonvalleyruins.org
1362:December 1, 2007, at the
967:Map of Louisiana Purchase
760:Society of the Cincinnati
571:Articles of Confederation
544:recorder of New York City
538:Recorder of New York City
532:
366:
354:
339:
318:
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283:
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59:
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39:
3824:Erie Canal Commissioners
3426:Erie Canal Commissioners
2395:Ambassador Extraordinary
1756:Party political offices
1728:United States Congress.
1672:(Doubleday Books, 1986).
914:Adolph Alexander Weinman
835:
818:Edward Philip Livingston
644:stands at the center of
512:Philip Pieterse Schuyler
510:Livingston, daughter of
373:Robert Robert Livingston
3834:New York City Recorders
2259:Envoy Extraordinary and
1599:Collins, Lewis (1877).
1375:Schuyler, John (1886).
1342:. Library of Congress.
854:David Augustus Clarkson
824:, on November 20, 1799.
796:Continental Congressman
753:Grand Lodge of New York
695:U.S. minister to France
685:U.S. Minister to France
1951:United States founding
1833:Chancellor of New York
1713:Livingston, Robert R.
983:
973:
957:
899:National Statuary Hall
791:
707:
666:
655:
590:Democratic-Republicans
577:on April 30, 1789, at
563:chancellor of New York
557:Chancellor of New York
168:Chancellor of New York
3799:American slave owners
1998:North River Steamboat
1969:New York Constitution
1771:Democratic-Republican
1682:Dangerfield, George.
1664:V.1 (1928) pp 115β92.
1156:www.gilderlehrman.org
1132:. Knickerbocker Press
981:
965:
949:
789:
733:Erie Canal Commission
716:North River Steamboat
703:
661:
639:
278:Democratic-Republican
2030:Robert R. Livingston
1775:Governor of New York
1264:Robert R. Livingston
1103:search.amphilsoc.org
1099:"APS Member History"
891:statue of Livingston
886:, are named for him.
861:Edward Hunter Ludlow
618:governor of New York
375:(November 27, 1746 (
204:Position established
149:Position established
3789:American Freemasons
2397:and Plenipotentiary
1602:History of Kentucky
482:Peter R. Livingston
478:John Armstrong, Jr.
466:Gertrude Livingston
387:. He was known as "
2682:1789–present
2679:Secretary of State
1850:Political offices
1675:Brecher. Frank W.
1578:The New York Times
1550:The New York Times
1521:The New York Times
1466:. October 25, 2013
984:
974:
958:
901:collection of the
895:Erastus Dow Palmer
792:
721:Clermont, New York
699:Louisiana Purchase
679:William Livingston
667:
664:Louisiana Purchase
656:
610:Alexander Hamilton
575:first inauguration
474:Richard Montgomery
3829:Livingston family
3756:
3755:
3392:
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2478:chargΓ© d'affaires
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2309:chargΓ© d'affaires
2295:
2292:chargΓ© d'affaires
2241:
2238:chargΓ© d'affaires
2086:
2085:
2021:Robert Livingston
1959:Committee of Five
1943:Robert Livingston
1910:
1909:
1901:Succeeded by
1879:Diplomatic posts
1869:Succeeded by
1840:Succeeded by
1816:Succeeded by
1784:Succeeded by
1679:(McFarland, 2006)
1648:Alexander, D. S.
1444:on March 31, 2017
1409:. New York City:
1320:978-0-8444-0980-1
1049:Explanatory notes
997:Livingston family
988:
987:
951:Robert Livingston
938:in New York City.
923:is named for him.
874:Legacy and honors
844:Livingston family
829:Walter Livingston
822:Philip Livingston
776:John Sloss Hobart
743:Livingston was a
675:Philip Livingston
648:'s 1817 painting
642:Committee of Five
516:Philip Livingston
489:Robert Livingston
462:Edward Livingston
441:Robert Livingston
421:George Washington
405:Benjamin Franklin
395:that drafted the
393:Committee of Five
370:
369:
333:Robert Livingston
328:Edward Livingston
323:Robert Livingston
260:February 26, 1813
240:November 27, 1746
41:Robert Livingston
32:Robert Livingston
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606:Federalist Party
520:Livingston Manor
495:(1654β1728) and
448:
401:Thomas Jefferson
362:
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1722:External links
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1694:another review
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1802:Thomas Jones
1773:nominee for
1769:
1764:Robert Yates
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1442:the original
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1102:
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936:Masonic Hall
903:U.S. Capitol
847:
839:
815:Lt. Governor
799:John Stevens
793:
772:William Duer
757:
749:Grand Master
742:
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708:
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688:
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579:Federal Hall
560:
541:
524:
486:
470:Morgan Lewis
454:Hudson River
438:
388:
372:
371:
289:Mary Stevens
262:(1813-02-26)
215:John Lansing
210:Succeeded by
175:
155:Succeeded by
133:Appointed by
122:
102:Succeeded by
69:
3774:1813 deaths
3769:1746 births
2999:Christopher
2994:Eagleburger
2934:G. Marshall
2704:J. Marshall
2265:(1816β1893)
2186:(1778β1815)
2145:(1776β1779)
1977:(1781-1783)
1470:December 1,
1448:December 1,
1417:December 1,
1386:December 1,
863:(1810β1884)
856:(1793β1850)
768:James Duane
200:Preceded by
145:Preceded by
90:Preceded by
3763:Categories
3472:Livingston
3259:R. Harison
3219:Horsmanden
3214:F. Harison
3189:Gouverneur
2924:Stettinius
2299:Livingston
2223:Livingston
2078:1972 film)
1898:1801β1804
1866:1781β1783
1856:New office
1837:1777β1801
1827:New office
1819:John Watts
1813:1773β1774
1632:2024-02-10
1585:2022-05-09
1528:2022-05-09
1501:2022-05-09
1250:2022-05-09
1226:2022-05-09
1190:2022-05-09
1136:August 10,
1108:2021-03-31
1086:References
1063:patronymic
602:Jay Treaty
598:Aaron Burr
569:under the
548:Whig Party
435:Early life
409:John Adams
236:1746-11-27
3643:Gardinier
3344:Tallmadge
3334:Tallmadge
3194:Broughton
3081:Tillerson
2964:Kissinger
2809:Washburne
2734:Van Buren
2699:Pickering
2689:Jefferson
2575:Stapleton
2545:Galbraith
2418:McCormick
2399:to France
2361:Washburne
2263:to France
2228:Armstrong
2198:Jefferson
2184:to France
2143:to France
1018:Biography
745:Freemason
431:in 1801.
377:Old Style
355:Signature
340:Education
330:(brother)
319:Relatives
176:In office
123:In office
79:President
70:In office
3690:Alberger
3653:Sherrill
3638:Fitzhugh
3603:J Hudson
3563:Boughton
3558:Hamilton
3548:D Hudson
3527:Redfield
3487:Ellicott
3294:Van Wyck
3284:Van Wyck
3274:Van Wyck
3229:T. Jones
3209:Jamieson
3179:Pinhorne
3011:Albright
2769:Buchanan
2694:Randolph
2560:Harriman
2505:Houghton
2386:Coolidge
2341:Faulkner
2272:Gallatin
2250:Crawford
2218:Pinckney
2193:Franklin
2152:Franklin
1872:John Jay
1360:Archived
1344:Archived
1042:Politics
991:See also
921:Brooklyn
766:, Judge
614:John Jay
504:Schuyler
423:when he
381:New York
325:(father)
311:Children
267:Clermont
247:New York
193:John Jay
185:Governor
160:John Jay
3740:Walrath
3730:Jackson
3720:Barkley
3715:Chapman
3668:Skinner
3663:Gardner
3648:Whallon
3628:Follett
3593:Bissell
3568:Whitney
3543:Ruggles
3522:Hoffman
3507:Seymour
3462:Clinton
3447:De Witt
3369:Hackett
3359:Barnard
3264:Prevost
3224:Johnson
3204:Bickley
3105:Blinken
3052:Clinton
2939:Acheson
2914:Stimson
2909:Kellogg
2894:Lansing
2859:Sherman
2849:Gresham
2784:Everett
2779:Webster
2774:Clayton
2764:Calhoun
2754:Webster
2749:Forsyth
2709:Madison
2590:McCourt
2585:Hartley
2565:Rohatyn
2550:Rodgers
2540:Hartman
2520:Shriver
2485:Caffery
2463:Bullitt
2448:Herrick
2443:Wallace
2433:Herrick
2351:Bigelow
2233:Russell
2040:Related
1692:; also
1686:(1960)
1557:June 6,
1497:(2): 61
1379:Society
1004:Portals
930:of the
751:of the
450:Beekman
305:
293:
3735:Thayer
3725:Stroud
3710:Bascom
3685:Wright
3674:Barnes
3658:Jaycox
3633:Mather
3608:Clowes
3588:Little
3578:Hooker
3553:Dexter
3533:Bowman
3492:Holley
3482:Cooper
3477:Fulton
3457:Porter
3437:Morris
3384:McAvoy
3349:Tillou
3329:Morris
3244:Varick
3184:Graham
3174:Graham
3093:Pompeo
3057:tenure
3040:tenure
3023:Powell
2984:Shultz
2974:Muskie
2959:Rogers
2949:Herter
2944:Dulles
2929:Byrnes
2904:Hughes
2844:Foster
2839:Blaine
2834:Bayard
2824:Blaine
2819:Evarts
2804:Seward
2759:Upshur
2744:McLane
2719:Monroe
2580:Rivkin
2555:Curley
2525:Watson
2515:Bohlen
2500:Dillon
2458:Straus
2413:Porter
2408:Eustis
2376:McLane
2371:Morton
2346:Dayton
2304:Barton
2287:Harris
2245:Barlow
2213:Monroe
2208:Morris
2158:&
2141:Envoys
2008:Legacy
1985:Events
1971:(1777)
1702:online
1609:
1413:. 1880
1317:
1290:
882:, and
725:Albany
533:Career
411:, and
299:
284:Spouse
3745:Ogden
3680:Bruce
3618:Hinds
3613:Beach
3598:Jones
3573:Clark
3538:Baker
3517:Earll
3512:Bouck
3497:Young
3442:North
3374:Smyth
3354:Smith
3339:Scott
3324:Riker
3314:Riker
3304:Riker
3239:Watts
3199:Tudor
3110:trips
3098:trips
3086:trips
3074:trips
3069:Kerry
3062:trips
3045:trips
3028:trips
3016:trips
3004:trips
2989:Baker
2969:Vance
2899:Colby
2889:Bryan
2879:Bacon
2854:Olney
2799:Black
2789:Marcy
2724:Adams
2714:Smith
2595:Bauer
2570:Leach
2530:Irwin
2510:Gavin
2490:Bruce
2468:Leahy
2438:Sharp
2428:Bacon
2423:White
2366:Noyes
2336:Mason
2331:Rives
2282:Rives
2277:Brown
2203:Short
2164:Adams
2160:Deane
1220:(PDF)
1209:(PDF)
836:Death
729:sloop
497:Alida
303:)
295:(
291:
3700:Hayt
3695:Dorn
3623:Cook
3583:Enos
3502:Hart
3452:Eddy
3379:Goff
3254:Kent
3035:Rice
2979:Haig
2954:Rusk
2919:Hull
2884:Knox
2874:Root
2814:Fish
2794:Cass
2729:Clay
2535:Rush
2495:Dunn
2473:Tuck
2453:Edge
2381:Reid
2326:Rush
2321:King
2316:Cass
2073:1776
1780:1798
1607:ISBN
1559:2017
1472:2017
1450:2017
1419:2017
1388:2017
1315:ISBN
1288:ISBN
1164:2016
1138:2017
926:The
640:The
612:and
596:and
301:1770
257:Died
230:Born
166:1st
113:1st
60:7th
3705:Fay
3676:)**
3309:Jay
2869:Hay
2864:Day
2660:Jay
2356:Dix
2156:Lee
2028:SS
1495:XII
912:by
893:by
581:in
501:nΓ©e
446:nΓ©e
419:to
3765::
2154:,
1732:.
1575:.
1547:.
1518:.
1493:.
1489:.
1436:.
1396:^
1338:.
1266:,
1211:.
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1154:.
1117:^
1101:.
889:A
778:.
735:.
624:.
506:)
407:,
403:,
348:BA
297:m.
249:,
245:,
3672:(
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1961:(
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234:(
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20:)
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