798:. Cecil announces that Robert is on his way to the block, and Sara arrives disheveled. She gives Elizabeth the ring along with confessing her guilt at being the Queen's rival. In vain, the Queen tries to stop the execution, but they hear the cannon announcing Robert's death. After Nottingham has arrived, Elizabeth demands to know why he prevented the ring from being brought to her. He replies: "Blood I wanted, and blood I got!" Elizabeth is haunted by the headless corpse of Robert, and longs for her own death, announcing that
357:, Naples. Within a few years, the opera's success had caused it to be performed in most European cities including Paris on 27 December 1838, for which he wrote an overture which quoted, anachronistically, "God Save the Queen"; London on 24 June 1841; Rome in 1849; Palermo in 1857; in Pavia in 1859 and 1860; and in Naples on 18 December 1865. Also, it was given in New York on 15 January 1849, but it would appear that after 1882, no further performances were given during the 19th century.
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836:" (That spilled blood / rises to heaven) pushes romantic opera to the limits of melodic expression and has been described as "mak(ing) a powerful end to one of Donizetti's finest and most affecting operas." The final bars contain six high As, one high B-flat and one high B natural, sometimes interpolated as an
750:
The Queen approaches Cecil to find out what has been decided. Cecil declares that the sentence is death. The Queen, asking
Raleigh why the whole process took so long, learns that Robert had a shawl in his possession which he resisted giving over. It is handed to her. Nottingham enters and pleads for
732:
Sara is alone when Robert enters, declaring her to be faithless because she has married
Nottingham while he was in Ireland. She defends herself saying that it was the Queen's idea and that she was forced to do her bidding. At the same time, seeing the ring on Robert's finger, she assumes it to be a
755:
insisting that he is innocent, but the Queen continues to describe how she knows that Robert has been unfaithful and, when he is brought in, confronts him, showing him the scarf. Nottingham sees it as well and recognizes it. Furious, he declares that he will have vengeance; while at the same time,
712:
Robert enters and, in a conversation overheard by the increasingly distraught Sara, Elizabeth declares her love for him. Now alone together, Elizabeth promises Robert that the ring she once gave him will always be the pledge of his safety should he ever return it to her. The dream of bygone happy
673:, favorite of Queen Elisabeth, has been removed from office as Governor of Ireland because, acting on his own initiative, he has agreed to a ceasefire with the rebels. Following an attempted uprising, he is awaiting his trial for high treason in London.
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baby. In June 1837, another child died during birth. On 30 July, his wife died at the age of 28. Rehearsals for the premiere began at the end of August 1837; most of the score had to be written in the month following his wife's death. Additionally, a
709:. Cecil enters and announces that Parliament is waiting for an answer from the Queen regarding the charges against Robert, since it considers her too lenient towards him, but she refuses to sign the death warrant proposed by the Royal Council.
697:, and therein recognizes a very similar situation to her own. She is in love with Robert Devereux, her husband's closest friend. The Ladies of the court express concern, but she replies that she is happy, while privately revealing her sadness
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Elizabeth offers Robert his freedom if he reveals the name of her rival. He refuses and she signs the death warrant, announcing that a cannon shot will be heard as the axe falls. Nottingham fumes that the axe is not a suitable punishment.
820:" (Since you returned, ah miserable me!)), while the brief second act is "superb." The opera is raw and emotional; it is a powerful vehicle for the soprano. Some of the highlights include the act 1 duet between Elizabeth and Robert, "
713:
days is shattered by an inappropriate comment by Robert, who assumes that
Elizabeth knows the secret of his love for Sara. The Queen, increasingly jealous, demands that Robert name the woman he loves. He denies that he loves anyone
1558:
773:
Although she protests her innocence, he prevents her from leaving. They both hear the funeral march for Robert as he is led to the Tower, and
Nottingham leaves to exact his revenge on Robert. She faints.
720:
Nottingham, Robert's friend and supporter, enters and the two men discuss Robert's situation and
Nottingham's concerns about his wife's behaviour after he has observed her embroidering a blue shawl
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Alone, Sara receives Robert's ring along with a letter from him. In it, he tells her to take the ring to
Elizabeth and beg for mercy. Before she can leave, Nottingham arrives and reads the letter
271:. The lead female characters – Anne Boleyn, Mary Stuart and Elizabeth herself – have been referred to as the "Three Donizetti Queens." They became popular in the 1970s, when the American soprano
814:
Although not frequently performed today, it contains some of
Donizetti's best vocal writing, some of it "first rate" (the end of act 1's duet between Roberto and Sara beginning with "
567:
298:
was overshadowed by serious crises in the life of the composer. During the previous year, Donizetti had lost both his parents and then his wife
Virginia Vaselli delivered a
701:. Elizabeth enters and states that, at the insistence of Nottingham, she has agreed to see Robert once again, now that he has returned from Ireland accused of treason
1592:
705:. The Queen is willing to release him without charges if she can be sure of his continued loyalty. To Sara's gradual dismay, the Queen reveals her love for Robert
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Nottingham- Cavatina: "Forse in quel cor sensibile... Qui ribelle ognun ti chiama" : "Perhaps in that sensitive heart... Here everyone calls you traitor"
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from
Dahlhaus : "Enzyklopädie des Musiktheaters". Booklet of ROBERTO DEVEREUX opera, CD DDD NIGHTINGALE CLASSICS AG, Edition 1994: NC070563-2
204:
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Elisabeth- Aria finale: "Vivi, ingrato, a lei d'accanto.. Quel sangue versato.." : "Live, ungrateful man at her side.. That spilled blood.."
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love token from the Queen, and tells him that they must never see each other again, giving him the blue shawl as a love token. In a final duet (
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236:. Romani's widow charged Cammarano with plagiarism; the practice of stealing plots was very common between rival Italian opera houses.
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It has been said that, "although the plot plays fast and loose with history, the opera carries its own brand of dramatic conviction".
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Robert- Aria: "Come uno spirto angelico.. Bagnato il sen di lagrime" : "Like an angelic spirit.. With my breast bathed in tears"
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presented this opera (along with the other two "Three Queens" operas) in succession over three evenings beginning in
October 2013.
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In his cell, Robert ponders as to why it appears that his ring has not been received by the Queen. But he refuses to betray Sara
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Sara, Duchess of Nottingham, is trying in vain to hide her tears from the eyes of the Court, as she reads the sad story of
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Elizabeth is mournful about the pending death of her lover and wonders why Sara is not there to give her comfort
193:(1787) by Jacques Lescène des Maisons. Devereux was the subject of at least two other French plays, both titled
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737:) each declares love for the other and they accept that they must say goodbye. Robert makes plans to escape.
724:. The two men are interrupted by Cecil demanding that Nottingham attend a meeting of the Peers of the Realm.
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and again Munich's Bavarian State Opera plus its first performance in Quebec in November of that year at the
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397:. It was performed on a regular basis in European houses during the 1980s and in concert versions by the
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Donizetti and the World of Opera in Italy, Paris, and Vienna in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century
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1223:(This appears to be a video recording of a performance in the Teatro San Carlo di Napoli, May or June)
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Sara and Robert- Duetto: "Da che tornasti, ahi misera" : "Since you returned, ah miserable me!"
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Tommasini, Anthony (25 March 2016). "'Roberto Devereux' at the Met, and a Soprano's Triple Crown".
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Sara and Nottigham- Duetto: "Non sai che un nume vindice": "Don`t you know that betrayed husbands"
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Nottingham and Elisabeth- Duettino: "Non venni mai si mesto" : "Never had I come so saddened"
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Elisabeth: "Duchessa... Alle fervide preci" : "Duchess... To your husband's eager requests".
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1181:(Recorded at concert performances in the Palais de la Musique et des Congres, Strasbourg, March)
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Elisabeth, Nottingham and Robert- Terzetto: "Ecco l'indegno" : "Here is the unworthy one!"
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Sara- Romanza: "All'afflitto è dolce il pianto" : "To one who is sad, weeping is sweet".
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Elisabeth- Cavatina: "L'amor suo mi fe' beata" : "His love was a blessing to me"
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1940:
Rudel, Anthony J. (1969), "Three Queens, One Soprano" booklet accompanying the 1969
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1263:(Recorded at concert performances in the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, July)
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Robert: "Nascondi, frena i palpiti" : "Hide and check your wild beating"
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1956:
Donizetti: in the light of Romanticism and the teaching of Johann Simon Mayr
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Festival, while 2010 saw productions in Mannheim and Rome as well as by the
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in October 1970 as the first part of the "Three Queens" trilogy, starring
2720:
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1958:, Shaftesbury: Element Books, Ltd (UK); Rockport, MA: Element, Inc.(USA)
2227:
2189:
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1298:(Video recording of a performance in the Nationaltheater, Munich, May)
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Lords of the parliament, knights, squires, pages, guards of Nottingham
2910:
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1989:, Vol. Three, pp. 1359–1360. London: Macmillan Publishers, Inc.
827:
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997:(Recording of a performance in the Gran Teatre del Liceu, November)
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1087:(Recording of a performance at the New York City Opera, 18 October)
547:
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New York performed a new production of the piece in 2016, starring
314:
174:
1411:(Performances in the Teatro Carlo Felice, Genoa, 20 and 24 March)
43:
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530:
369:
started at the San Carlo in Naples in 1964, the revival starring
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It is one of a number of operas by Donizetti which deal with the
333:
in France, to which he added individual touches from Lescènes's
2299:
837:
830:
opera. As Elizabeth is going mad with the death of her lover, "
470:(OONY) on 5 June 2014. In 2015 she performed it onstage at the
1370:(Video recording of a performance in the Teatro Real, October)
2616:
957:(Recording of a performance at the San Carlo, Napoli, 2 May)
579:
3046:
1325:
Orchestra and Chorus of Bergamo Musica Festival G. Donizetti
325:, a romantic rewrite of the material already dealt with by
190:
Historie secrète des amours d'Elisabeth et du comte d'Essex
722:(Forse in quel cor sensibile, Qui ribelle ognun ti chiama)
294:
in Naples was concluded in spring 1837. The generation of
2888:
1525:
Libretti and associated performances on librettodopera.it
849:
1597:, Welsh National Opera, Wales Millennium Centre, review"
1327:(Audio and video recordings made at performances in the
2020:
Sadie, Stanley, (Ed.); John Tyrell (Exec. Ed.) (2004),
1928:
The Bel Canto Operas of Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini
381:
and staged productions between December 1965 and 1978.
1125:
Filene Center Orchestra & Wolf Trap Company Chorus
784:(Come uno spirto angelico... Bagnato il sen di lagrime
3035:
1800:"The Queen Takes a Bow: Eve Queler Brought Devia to
1624:(London), 3 October 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013
1603:(London), 3 October 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013
1559:
Operabase.org's list of past and future productions
454:After having debuted the role of Elisabetta at the
806:) will be king. Alone, she kisses Robert's ring.
666:Time: 1601, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I
156:[roˈbɛrtodeveˈrøosˈsiːailˈkontediˈɛsseks]
3059:
307:epidemic delayed again the start of rehearsals.
159:; "Robert Devereux, or the Earl of Essex") is a
2023:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
728:Scene 2: Sara's Apartments at Nottingham House
365:The beginning of the 20th century revivals of
353:was first performed on 28 October 1837 at the
214:, an influential member of the court of Queen
3098:Opera world premieres at the Teatro San Carlo
2874:
2122:
831:
821:
815:
264:
227:
205:Gauthier de Costes, seigneur de la Calprenède
160:
145:
29:
194:
188:
182:
85:
1646:Forumopera.com Le magazine du monde lyrique
290:The contract for a new opera seria for the
2881:
2867:
2129:
2115:
1686:"From a Wistful Queen, Longing and Regret"
1670:Opera World Revista de ópera internacional
210:The opera is loosely based on the life of
42:
2091:International Music Score Library Project
1753:
1571:"Roberto Devereux well-sung but overdone"
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
222:was hardly original, mainly derived from
147:Roberto Devereux, ossia Il conte di Essex
2444:Le convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali
2340:Le convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali
431:In 2009, performances were given by the
127:
2008:Donizetti’s Operas in Naples, 1822–1848
3060:
1772:The Assoluta Voice in Opera, 1797–1847
1547:Gaetano Donizetti: a guide to research
1498:
1173:Orchestre philharmonique de Strasbourg
850:List of main arias and musical numbers
790:Scene 3: The Great Hall at Westminster
340:
2862:
2136:
2110:
2017:, 2nd edition. Rowman and Littlefield
1768:
1491:
1489:
1261:, Covent Garden, orchestra and chorus
243:of English history and which include
154:
2396:Elisabetta al castello di Kenilworth
1965:, Cambridge University Press, 1982,
1826:on operadis-opera-discography.org.uk
1738:God Save Mariella Devia, "The Queen"
474:and resumed it again in 2016 at the
2500:Il furioso all'isola di San Domingo
1930:, Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press.
409:, Covent Garden, in July 2002, and
13:
2096:Donizetti Society (London) website
2026:. 2nd edition. London: Macmillan.
1486:
671:Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex
212:Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex
51:, the first singer of the part of
14:
3114:
2078:
1986:The New Grove Dictionary of Opera
1495:Ashbrook and Hibberd 2001, p. 239
187:(1829), and based as well on the
3045:
2843:
2842:
2592:
2010:. London: The Donizetti Society.
703:(Duchessa... Alle fervide preci)
699:(All'afflitto è dolce il pianto)
693:, the unfortunate lover of King
1874:
1854:
1830:
1815:
1789:
1762:
1747:
1716:
1697:
1675:
1651:
1627:
1131:'s production, courtesy of the
796:(Vivi ingrato, a lei d'accanto)
575:Roberto Devereux, Earl of Essex
2244:Chiara e Serafina, o Il pirata
1666:. Donizetti. Firenze – review"
1606:
1582:
1563:
1552:
1539:
1530:
1518:
771:(Non sai che un nume vindice).
518:Premiere cast, 29 October 1837
420:'s Munich production starring
1:
2197:I piccioli virtuosi ambulanti
1954:Allitt, John Stewart (1991),
1905:and Sarah Hibberd (2001), in
1863:, 2016 Dynamic Blu-ray disc.
1839:, 2016 Bel-Air Blu-ray disc.
1723:Teatro Carlo Felice's website
1475:
902:
746:The Great Hall at Westminster
684:The Great Hall at Westminster
462:sang the opera in concert at
377:appeared in a combination of
275:promoted them as a series at
2617:Betly, o La capanna svizzera
2068:A Queen's tragic love affair
2056:, New York: Pantheon Books.
1913:, New York: Penguin Putnam.
1549:, New York: Garland, p. 168.
1037:Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
778:Scene 2: The Tower of London
715:(Nascondi, frena i palpiti),
559:Sara, Duchess of Nottingham
526:Elisabetta, Queen of England
476:Teatro Carlo Felice of Genoa
466:on 18 May 2014 and with the
435:, the Las Palmas Opera, the
7:
3068:Operas by Gaetano Donizetti
2460:La romanziera e l'uomo nero
2052:Weinstock, Herbert (1963),
2013:Loewenberg, Alfred (1970).
1975:Ashbrook, William (1998), "
1911:The New Penguin Opera Guide
1769:Riggs, Geoffrey S. (2003).
817:Dacché tornasti, ahi misera
735:Dacchè tornasti, ahi misera
717:and then the Queen leaves.
657:
568:Almerinda Manzocchi Granchi
468:Opera Orchestra of New York
399:Opera Orchestra of New York
385:was first performed by the
232:of 1833, originally set by
10:
3119:
2356:L'eremitaggio di Liverpool
2015:Annals of Opera, 1597–1940
1961:Ashbrook, William (1992),
1775:. McFarland. p. 154.
1545:Cassaro, James P. (2000),
922:Opera House and Orchestra
765:Scene 1: Sara's Apartments
536:Giuseppina Ronzi de Begnis
464:Maggio Musicale Fiorentino
49:Giuseppina Ronzi de Begnis
16:Opera by Gaetano Donizetti
2897:
2838:
2812:
2795:
2364:Alina, regina di Golconda
2332:Il borgomastro di Saardam
2153:
2144:
1458:(Performance of 16 April)
1195:Alexandrina Pendatchanska
912:
823:Nascondi, frena i palpiti
753:(Non venni mai si mesto),
707:(L'amor suo mi fe' beata)
648:
285:
267:Il castello di Kenilworth
103:28 October 1837
98:
81:
73:
63:
41:
28:
21:
3093:Operas about Elizabeth I
1963:Donizetti and His Operas
1294:Bavarian State Orchestra
1226:DVD: Image Entertainment
960:CD: Opera d'Oro OPD 1159
809:
759:
740:
676:
636:A servant of Nottingham
504:
411:Washington Concert Opera
319:Jacques-François Ancelot
135:: The Duke of Nottingham
3073:Italian-language operas
2999:La battaglia di Legnano
2204:Il falegname di Livonia
1886:, Met Opera on Demand;
1331:di Bergamo, September)
424:was recorded on DVD by
361:20th century and beyond
2830:Donizetti's birthplace
2548:Rosmonda d'Inghilterra
2420:Imelda de' Lambertazzi
1527:Retrieved 5 April 2013
1454:The Metropolitan Opera
1380:DVD: BelAir Classiques
1368:, orchestra and chorus
832:
822:
816:
663:Place: London, England
543:The Duke of Nottingham
401:in January 1991 (with
265:
228:
216:Elizabeth I of England
195:
189:
184:Elisabeth d'Angleterre
183:
165:, or tragic opera, by
161:
146:
136:
87:Elisabeth d'Angleterre
86:
30:
3103:Operas based on plays
3088:Operas set in England
2540:Il diluvio universale
2412:Il diluvio universale
1809:The New York Observer
1804:—and Wowed Audiences"
1728:10 March 2016 at the
1709:13 March 2016 at the
1704:Teatro Real's website
1403:Francesco Lanzillotta
1318:Massimiliano Pisapia,
993:Gran Teatre del Liceu
988:Carlo Felice Cillario
917:Roberto, Nottingham)
472:Teatro Real de Madrid
131:
2713:La fille du régiment
2508:Otto mesi in due ore
2476:Ugo, conte di Parigi
2404:I pazzi per progetto
2324:Otto mesi in due ore
2268:L'ajo nell'imbarazzo
2260:Il fortunato inganno
2006:Black, John (1982),
1890:, Met Opera Archive.
1515:Osborne 1994, p. 260
1456:orchestra and chorus
1409:orchestra and chorus
1314:Dimitra Theodossiou,
1221:orchestra and chorus
1085:orchestra and chorus
1000:CD: The Opera Lovers
995:Orchestra and Chorus
955:orchestra and chorus
800:James VI of Scotland
449:Welsh National Opera
418:Bavarian State Opera
379:concert performances
317:is very truthful to
261:Mary, Queen of Scots
2919:L'assedio di Calais
2903:Lucia di Lammermoor
2891:Salvadore Cammarano
2673:Lucie de Lammermoor
2625:L'assedio di Calais
2588:Lucia di Lammermoor
2492:Sancia di Castiglia
2276:Emilia di Liverpool
1942:Deutsche Grammophon
1648:, 22 November 2011.
1589:Rupert Christiansen
1579:. 14 November 2010.
1569:Kaptainis, Arthur,
1468:Met Opera on Demand
1407:Teatro Carlo Felice
1316:Federica Bragaglia,
1303:Deutsche Grammophon
1288:Albert Schagidullin
1228:Cat: ID 6943 ERDVD
1219:Teatro di San Carlo
1133:New York City Opera
1083:New York City Opera
1049:Cat: 289 465 964-2
953:Teatro di San Carlo
833:Quel sangue versato
804:Mary Queen of Scots
695:Henry II of England
600:Timoleone Barattini
426:Deutsche Grammophon
387:New York City Opera
355:Teatro di San Carlo
341:Performance history
311:Salvatore Cammarano
277:New York City Opera
171:Salvadore Cammarano
68:Salvadore Cammarano
2889:Opera libretti by
2820:Donizetti Monument
2796:Other compositions
2753:Linda di Chamounix
2308:Gabriella di Vergy
2236:La lettera anonima
2220:Zoraida di Granata
2182:Enrico di Borgogna
2066:Roberto Devereux:
1756:The New York Times
1736:Davide Annachini,
1691:The New York Times
1432:Sondra Radvanovsky
1366:Teatro Real Madrid
1354:Silvia Tro Santafé
1205:Giuseppe Sabbatini
971:Montserrat Caballé
915:(Elisabetta, Sara,
643:Giuseppe Benedetti
585:Giovanni Basadonna
487:Sondra Radvanovsky
483:Metropolitan Opera
456:Opéra de Marseille
437:Opera Holland Park
375:Montserrat Caballé
234:Saverio Mercadante
173:wrote the Italian
137:
3033:
3032:
2856:
2855:
2452:Francesca di Foix
2388:Il giovedì grasso
2284:Alahor in Granata
2252:Alfredo il grande
2212:Le nozze in villa
2138:Gaetano Donizetti
2032:978-0-19-517067-2
1824:Roberto Devereaux
1473:
1472:
1442:Matthew Polenzani
1375:BelAir Classiques
1320:Andrew Schroeder
1259:Royal Opera House
1116:Richard Fredricks
1032:Charles Mackerras
983:Piero Cappuccilli
943:Piero Cappuccilli
940:Ruggiero Bondino,
655:
654:
608:Gualtiero Raleigh
445:Opéra de Montréal
407:Royal Opera House
167:Gaetano Donizetti
124:
123:
36:Gaetano Donizetti
3110:
3050:
3049:
3041:
2935:Roberto Devereux
2883:
2876:
2869:
2860:
2859:
2846:
2845:
2825:Donizetti Museum
2761:Caterina Cornaro
2689:L'Ange de Nisida
2641:Roberto Devereux
2596:
2484:L'elisir d'amore
2436:Gianni di Parigi
2372:Gianni di Calais
2316:Olivo e Pasquale
2175:L'ira di Achille
2131:
2124:
2117:
2108:
2107:
2089:: Scores at the
2086:Roberto Devereux
1977:Roberto Devereux
1924:Osborne, Charles
1903:Ashbrook William
1891:
1882:Roberto Devereux
1878:
1872:
1861:Roberto Devereux
1858:
1852:
1837:Roberto Devereux
1834:
1828:
1819:
1813:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1751:
1745:
1735:
1720:
1714:
1701:
1695:
1679:
1673:
1664:Roberto Devereux
1660:Domenico Gatto,
1659:
1655:
1649:
1636:Maurice Salles,
1635:
1631:
1625:
1616:Roberto Devereux
1610:
1604:
1595:Roberto Devereux
1586:
1580:
1576:Montreal Gazette
1567:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1543:
1537:
1536:Rudel 1969, p. 4
1534:
1528:
1522:
1516:
1513:
1496:
1493:
1447:Mariusz Kwiecien
1363:Bruno Campanella
1336:Cat: 8.660222-23
1329:Teatro Donizetti
1291:Friedrich Haider
1286:Roberto Aronica,
1251:Roberto Frontali
1169:Friedrich Haider
1021:Róbert Ilosfalvy
1002:Cat: ROB 196801
938:Anna Maria Rota,
907:
906:
835:
825:
819:
520:(Conductor: – )
509:
508:
403:Vladimir Chernov
383:Roberto Devereux
367:Roberto Devereux
351:Roberto Devereux
327:Pierre Corneille
296:Roberto Devereux
292:Teatro San Carlo
270:
231:
229:Il Conte d'Essex
220:Roberto Devereux
201:Thomas Corneille
198:
196:Le Comte d'Essex
192:
186:
179:François Ancelot
164:
158:
153:
149:
141:Roberto Devereux
118:
115:Teatro San Carlo
110:
108:
93:François Ancelot
89:
46:
33:
23:Roberto Devereux
19:
18:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3044:
3036:
3034:
3029:
2991:Orazi e Curiazi
2943:Maria de Rudenz
2927:Pia de' Tolomei
2893:
2887:
2857:
2852:
2834:
2808:
2791:
2697:Lucrezia Borgia
2665:Pia de' Tolomei
2649:Maria de Rudenz
2633:Pia de' Tolomei
2532:Lucrezia Borgia
2348:L'esule di Roma
2149:
2140:
2135:
2081:
1894:
1884:(16 April 2016)
1879:
1875:
1859:
1855:
1835:
1831:
1820:
1816:
1794:
1790:
1783:
1767:
1763:
1752:
1748:
1744:, 26 Mars 2016.
1733:
1730:Wayback Machine
1721:
1717:
1711:Wayback Machine
1702:
1698:
1680:
1676:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1640:Honneur à Devia
1633:
1632:
1628:
1611:
1607:
1587:
1583:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1553:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1523:
1519:
1514:
1499:
1494:
1487:
1478:
1466:
1457:
1452:
1451:Maurizio Benini
1445:
1440:
1435:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1410:
1405:
1398:
1393:
1391:
1390:Mariella Devia,
1381:
1379:
1377:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1352:
1340:Cat: 8.2110232
1339:
1337:
1335:
1326:
1324:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1306:Cat: 073 418–5
1305:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1280:Edita Gruberová
1270:
1262:
1257:
1255:Maurizio Benini
1250:
1245:
1240:
1237:Nelly Miricioiu
1227:
1222:
1217:
1210:Roberto Servile
1208:
1203:
1198:
1185:
1184:CD: Nightingale
1180:
1171:
1162:
1157:
1154:Delores Ziegler
1152:
1149:Edita Gruberová
1139:
1129:Tito Capobianco
1126:
1124:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1092:Cat: HRE-374-3
1091:
1086:
1081:
1071:
1068:Plácido Domingo
1066:
1061:
1048:
1039:
1035:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1001:
996:
991:
981:
976:
974:
961:
956:
951:
941:
939:
937:
921:
916:
914:
905:
852:
812:
762:
743:
679:
660:
553:Paul Barroilhet
519:
507:
441:Minnesota Opera
422:Edita Gruberová
391:Placido Domingo
343:
288:
162:tragedia lirica
151:
133:Paul Barroilhet
120:
119:
113:
111:
106:
104:
90:
59:
31:tragedia lirica
17:
12:
11:
5:
3116:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3055:
3054:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3019:
3011:
3003:
2995:
2987:
2979:
2975:Maria di Rohan
2971:
2963:
2955:
2947:
2939:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2907:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2886:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2863:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2850:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2781:
2777:Maria di Rohan
2773:
2765:
2757:
2749:
2741:
2733:
2725:
2717:
2709:
2701:
2693:
2685:
2677:
2669:
2661:
2653:
2645:
2637:
2629:
2621:
2613:
2605:
2597:
2584:
2580:Marino Faliero
2576:
2572:Gemma di Vergy
2568:
2560:
2552:
2544:
2536:
2528:
2524:Torquato Tasso
2520:
2512:
2504:
2496:
2488:
2480:
2472:
2464:
2456:
2448:
2440:
2432:
2424:
2416:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2384:
2376:
2368:
2360:
2352:
2344:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2312:
2304:
2296:
2288:
2280:
2272:
2264:
2256:
2248:
2240:
2232:
2224:
2216:
2208:
2200:
2194:
2186:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2147:List of operas
2145:
2142:
2141:
2134:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2098:
2093:
2080:
2079:External links
2077:
2076:
2075:
2072:Norbert Miller
2064:
2050:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1973:
1959:
1946:
1945:
1938:
1921:
1907:Holden, Amanda
1893:
1892:
1873:
1853:
1829:
1822:Recordings of
1814:
1812:, 10 June 2014
1788:
1781:
1761:
1746:
1715:
1696:
1682:Zachary Woolfe
1674:
1672:, 29 May 2014.
1650:
1626:
1605:
1581:
1562:
1551:
1538:
1529:
1517:
1497:
1484:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1459:
1449:
1429:
1425:
1424:
1412:
1400:
1392:Sonia Ganassi,
1388:
1384:
1383:
1371:
1361:
1358:Gregory Kunde,
1349:Mariella Devia
1346:
1342:
1341:
1332:
1321:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1299:
1289:
1284:Jeanne Piland,
1277:
1273:
1272:
1264:
1252:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1212:
1200:Ildikó Komlósi
1192:
1188:
1187:
1186:Cat: 190100-2
1182:
1166:
1159:Don Bernardini
1146:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1127:(Recording of
1118:
1111:John Alexander
1106:Susanne Marsee
1098:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1075:
1063:Susanne Marsee
1055:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1028:
1008:
1004:
1003:
998:
985:
975:Bianca Berini,
968:
964:
963:
962:Cat: OPD 1159
958:
945:
931:
927:
926:
923:
918:
911:
904:
901:
900:
899:
896:
893:
886:
885:
882:
875:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
851:
848:
811:
808:
761:
758:
751:Robert's life
742:
739:
678:
675:
668:
667:
664:
659:
656:
653:
652:
646:
645:
640:
637:
633:
632:
630:
625:
621:
620:
618:Anafesto Rossi
615:
610:
603:
602:
597:
594:
588:
587:
582:
577:
571:
570:
565:
560:
556:
555:
550:
545:
539:
538:
533:
528:
522:
521:
516:
513:
506:
503:
460:Mariella Devia
342:
339:
287:
284:
218:. The plot of
122:
121:
112:
102:
100:
96:
95:
83:
79:
78:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
55:, painting by
47:
39:
38:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3115:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3042:
3039:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2956:
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2952:
2948:
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2944:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2896:
2892:
2884:
2879:
2877:
2872:
2870:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2849:
2841:
2840:
2837:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2811:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2787:
2786:
2785:Dom Sébastien
2782:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2745:Maria Padilla
2742:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2681:Le duc d'Albe
2678:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2609:Il campanello
2606:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2595:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2556:Maria Stuarda
2553:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2294:
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2278:
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2257:
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2209:
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2205:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2162:Il Pigmalione
2159:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2132:
2127:
2125:
2120:
2118:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2082:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2040:0-19-517067-9
2037:
2034:(hardcover).
2033:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2003:
2002:1-56159-228-5
1999:
1996:
1995:0-333-73432-7
1992:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1981:Stanley Sadie
1978:
1974:
1972:
1971:0-521-23526-X
1968:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1949:Other sources
1943:
1939:
1937:
1936:0-931340-71-3
1933:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1919:0-14-029312-4
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1897:Cited sources
1889:
1885:
1883:
1877:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1827:
1825:
1818:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1803:
1797:
1792:
1784:
1782:9780786414017
1778:
1774:
1773:
1765:
1757:
1750:
1743:
1739:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1719:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1700:
1694:, 6 June 2014
1693:
1692:
1687:
1683:
1678:
1671:
1667:
1665:
1654:
1647:
1643:
1641:
1630:
1623:
1619:
1617:
1609:
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1585:
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1577:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1555:
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1526:
1521:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1492:
1490:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1437:Elīna Garanča
1433:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1396:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1355:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1333:
1330:
1323:Marcello Rota
1322:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1242:Sonia Ganassi
1238:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1215:Alain Guingal
1213:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1183:
1178:
1177:Opéra du Rhin
1174:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1101:Beverly Sills
1099:
1096:
1095:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1073:Louis Quilico
1069:
1064:
1059:
1058:Beverly Sills
1056:
1053:
1052:
1046:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1026:Peter Glossop
1022:
1017:
1016:Beverly Wolff
1012:
1011:Beverly Sills
1009:
1006:
1005:
999:
994:
989:
986:
984:
979:
978:Bernabé Martí
972:
969:
966:
965:
959:
954:
949:
946:
944:
935:
932:
929:
928:
924:
919:
909:
908:
897:
894:
891:
890:
889:
883:
880:
879:
878:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
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2250:
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2226:
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2085:
2067:
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2014:
2007:
1984:
1976:
1962:
1955:
1948:
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1927:
1910:
1896:
1895:
1881:
1876:
1860:
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1823:
1817:
1807:
1801:
1796:James Jorden
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1742:delTeatro.it
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1734:(in Italian)
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1622:The Guardian
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1421:DVD: Dynamic
1419:Cat: 1080i60
1382:Cat: BAC130
1121:Julius Rudel
1078:Julius Rudel
1044:Opera Chorus
934:Leyla Gencer
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433:Dallas Opera
430:
416:In 2005 the
415:
382:
371:Leyla Gencer
366:
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360:
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346:19th century
345:
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309:
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254:
244:
241:Tudor period
238:
226:'s libretto
219:
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140:
139:
138:
125:
22:
3078:1837 operas
2721:La favorite
2705:Les martyrs
2428:Anna Bolena
1634:(in French)
1423:Cat: 37755
1378:Cat: BAC430
1360:Marco Caria
1271:Cat: ORC24
948:Mario Rossi
515:Voice type
492:Anna Bolena
251:Anne Boleyn
246:Anna Bolena
203:and one by
181:'s tragedy
3062:Categories
2967:La vestale
2228:La zingara
2190:Una follia
1888:CID:356435
1869:1057332636
1732:. Review:
1476:References
1461:Streaming
1399:Mansoo Kim
1395:Stefan Pop
1338:DVD: Naxos
1296:and Chorus
1268:Opera Rara
1164:Ettore Kim
1140:Cat: 4204
920:Conductor,
903:Recordings
592:Lord Cecil
107:1837-10-28
64:Librettist
53:Elisabetta
2911:Belisario
2601:Belisario
2439:(1828-31)
2169:Olimpiade
2103:(Italian)
2047:419285866
1944:recording
1849:969359035
1845:962422071
1642:– review"
1618:– review"
1601:Telegraph
1414:Blu-ray:
1373:Blu-ray:
1334:CD: Naxos
1247:José Bros
1042:Ambrosian
828:bel canto
682:Scene 1:
628:contralto
458:in 2011,
413:in 2004.
300:stillborn
199:: one by
144:(in full
3015:Virginia
2848:Category
2516:Parisina
2380:Il paria
2101:Libretto
2062:63-13703
2049:(eBook).
1926:(1994),
1802:Devereux
1726:Archived
1707:Archived
1463:HD video
1175:and the
1138:DVD: VAI
1040:and the
802:(son of
658:Synopsis
548:baritone
335:Historie
315:libretto
175:libretto
152:Italian:
117:, Naples
99:Premiere
82:Based on
74:Language
2951:Poliuto
2813:Related
2803:Requiem
2657:Poliuto
2591:(1835)
1983:(Ed.),
1909:(Ed.),
1416:Dynamic
1090:CD: HRE
844:natural
624:A page
531:soprano
405:), the
323:tragedy
305:cholera
259:(about
249:(about
105: (
77:Italian
3083:Operas
3038:Portal
3026:(1853)
3018:(1850)
3010:(1849)
3002:(1849)
2994:(1846)
2986:(1845)
2983:Alzira
2978:(1843)
2970:(1840)
2962:(1840)
2954:(1838)
2946:(1838)
2938:(1837)
2930:(1837)
2922:(1836)
2914:(1836)
2906:(1835)
2805:(1835)
2788:(1843)
2780:(1843)
2772:(1843)
2764:(1844)
2756:(1842)
2748:(1841)
2740:(1841)
2732:(1841)
2729:Adelia
2724:(1840)
2716:(1840)
2708:(1840)
2700:(1840)
2692:(1839)
2684:(1839)
2676:(1839)
2668:(1838)
2660:(1838)
2652:(1838)
2644:(1837)
2636:(1837)
2628:(1836)
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2604:(1836)
2583:(1835)
2575:(1834)
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2559:(1834)
2551:(1834)
2543:(1834)
2535:(1833)
2527:(1833)
2519:(1833)
2511:(1833)
2503:(1833)
2495:(1832)
2487:(1832)
2479:(1832)
2471:(1832)
2468:Fausta
2463:(1831)
2455:(1831)
2447:(1831)
2431:(1830)
2423:(1830)
2415:(1830)
2407:(1830)
2399:(1829)
2391:(1829)
2383:(1829)
2375:(1828)
2367:(1828)
2359:(1828)
2351:(1828)
2343:(1827)
2335:(1827)
2327:(1827)
2319:(1827)
2311:(1826)
2303:(1826)
2300:Elvida
2295:(1826)
2287:(1826)
2279:(1824)
2271:(1824)
2263:(1823)
2255:(1823)
2247:(1822)
2239:(1822)
2231:(1822)
2223:(1822)
2215:(1820)
2207:(1819)
2199:(1819)
2193:(1818)
2185:(1818)
2177:(1817)
2171:(1817)
2165:(1816)
2154:Operas
2060:
2045:
2038:
2030:
2000:
1993:
1969:
1934:
1917:
1867:
1843:
1779:
1179:chorus
1047:CD: DG
925:Label
888:Act 3
877:Act 2
854:Act 1
596:tenor
286:Origin
263:) and
177:after
3052:Opera
2959:Saffo
1979:" in
1481:Notes
1311:2006
1301:DVD:
910:Year
810:Music
760:Act 3
741:Act 2
677:Act 1
639:bass
580:tenor
512:Role
505:Roles
2737:Rita
2058:LCCN
2043:OCLC
2036:ISBN
2028:ISBN
1998:ISBN
1991:ISBN
1967:ISBN
1932:ISBN
1915:ISBN
1865:OCLC
1841:OCLC
1777:ISBN
1428:2016
1387:2016
1345:2015
1276:2005
1266:CD:
1233:2002
1191:1998
1145:1994
1097:1975
1054:1970
1030:Sir
1007:1969
967:1968
930:1964
913:Cast
613:bass
606:Sir
495:and
481:The
393:and
329:and
838:alt
321:'s
313:'s
253:),
91:by
34:by
3064::
2070:,
1847:,
1806:,
1798:,
1740:,
1688:,
1684:,
1668:,
1644:,
1620:,
1599:,
1591:,
1573:.
1500:^
1488:^
846:.
501:.
478:.
447:.
428:.
373:.
337:.
279:.
207:.
169:.
150:,
3040::
2882:e
2875:t
2868:v
2130:e
2123:t
2116:v
1871:.
1851:.
1785:.
1758:.
1713:.
1662:"
1638:"
1614:"
1593:"
1465::
1444:,
1439:,
1434:,
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1282:,
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1239:,
1207:,
1202:,
1197:,
1161:,
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1151:,
1135:)
1123:,
1113:,
1108:,
1103:,
1080:,
1070:,
1065:,
1060:,
1034:,
1023:,
1018:,
1013:,
990:,
980:,
973:,
950:,
936:,
841:D
109:)
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