851:, who was a cardinal for 29 years during the 31-year pontificate of Pius IX. Both Antonelli's and Etchegaray's non-participation in conclaves was not by choice because there was no conclave that either of them could freely and legally attend. The comparison is inexact because Antonelli was eligible to participate in a conclave until his death. Etchegaray on the other hand, lost his eligibility on his 80th birthday when he had been a cardinal for a little more than 23 years. Also, no conclave was held during Antonelli's cardinalate, while Etchegaray was actually excluded from participating in the conclaves of
510:
47:
780:
jumped over a barrier and grappled with the Pope, who was making his way through St Peter's
Basilica in procession for Christmas Eve Mass. The Pope was not injured, but Etchegaray suffered a broken leg and a broken hip. He had been standing a few yards away from the Pope and was knocked down in the
622:
Popes Paul VI and John Paul II used
Etchegaray as a diplomatic agent even when he was still Archbishop of Marseille and before he had Curial titles associated with human rights. He visited Eastern Europe on their behalf several times in the 1970s. In 1980 he became the first cardinal to visit China
344:
He served as papal representative in delicate situations. Some were ecclesiastical, like improving relations with the
Orthodox Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow, organizing an historic inter-religious prayer service in Assisi in 1986, and seeking rapprochement with Communist governments. Others were
366:
to Jean-Baptiste and Aurélie
Etchegaray. The eldest of three children, he had two younger siblings, Jean and Maïté; their father worked as an agricultural mechanic. All his life he spoke French with the accent of his native region.
1557:
1526:
560:
on 22 December 1970 and served until 1984, when he took up assignments in the Roman Curia. He was twice elected president of the
Conference of French Bishops, serving from 1975 to 1981. On 8 April 1984,
1673:
1760:
1790:
1823:
918:
716:, he visited the site where three bishops were assassinated and officiated at their funeral. He crossed the country to deliver the same message to the government and its rebel opposition.
944:
646:
The meeting underscored an easing of tensions between Church and state in the officially atheist country, where practicing
Christians, Jews, and Muslims have been objects of government
1261:
1549:
1703:
1518:
1519:"Pope Benedict XVI knocked over during Christmas Eve Mass: Pope Benedict XVI was knocked down by a woman who jumped over security barriers at the start of Christmas Eve Mass"
1729:
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that brought together more than 160 religious leaders in Assisi on 27 October 1986. It was the broadest representation of international religious leaders ever assembled.
1005:
1969:
1858:
93:
132:
415:
1550:"Psychiatric patient identified as woman who attacked the Pope: The woman who assaulted the Pope was identified as Susanna Maiolo, 25, a Swiss-Italian national"
1291:
1635:
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during
Christmas week at which Etchegaray underlined the social contribution the Church provided to the Cuban health service, the pride of the Cuban regime.
1665:
1752:
1782:
1445:
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and visited again in 1993. He improved the relations with the
Orthodox Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow. He was a key organizer among others of the first
2083:
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Etchegaray died on 4 September 2019, at age 96. At the time of his death he was the oldest living cardinal, following the death of
Cardinal
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1257:
804:
journalist Andrea
Gagliarducci described Cardinal Etchegary's retirement from Rome as "the end of an era". He had farewell meetings with
1699:
792:
Etchegaray returned to Bayonne, France, in January 2017, to live with his sister Maité (d. 13 February 2018) in a retirement home in
1152:
2078:
1913:
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After the first meeting between Church and Freemasonry which had been held on 11 April 1969 at the convent of the Divine Master in
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38:
1994:
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In 2003 he received the journalistic prize Golden Doves for Peace awarded by the Italian Research Institute Archivio Disarmo.
480:, he was the protagonist of a series of public handshakes between high prelates of the Roman Catholic Church and the heads of
604:
1130:
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and served from 30 April 2005 until 10 June 2017, when he was relieved from the duties of his position at his own request.
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geopolitical, attempting to prevent international violence, arranging an exchange of prisoners, or bearing witness to the
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576:. He held the first of those positions until 2 December 1995 and the other until 24 June 1998. In Rome he lived in the
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1403:
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in 1989 and spent nine days there, between Christmas and New Year's Day. His Cuban tour was capped by a meeting with
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before he left. Pope Francis accepted his resignation as Vice Dean of the College of Cardinals on 10 June 2017.
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one day earlier on 3 September 2019. Etchegaray was the longest-serving cardinal not to participate in a
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scuffle. The Vatican said Maiolo was "psychologically unstable" and had lunged at the Pope previously.
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538:
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517:
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1446:"Declaration by Cardinal Roger Etchegaray Following his Meeting with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein"
784:
In 2015, Etchegaray fell in St. Peter's Basilica during Mass and broke his leg for the second time.
2001:
1081:
1023:
450:
712:
in 1993 in an attempt to reconcile the warring parties. In June 1994, amidst the violence of the
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while they were at war. In 1998, he visited Baghdad to determine if a papal visit was feasible.
426:. He then served as deputy director (1961â1966) and later secretary general (1966â1970) of the
334:
307:
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and sent Cardinal Etchegaray as an envoy to persuade Iraqi authorities to cooperate with the
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80:
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2015:
1979:
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945:"Le cardinal Roger Etchegaray, ancien ambassadeur privé de Jean-Paul II, est mort"
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1008:[There is no communion between the pope and the Mason] (in Italian).
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25:
1783:"Cardinal Roger Etchegaray, who oversaw the Jubilee Year 2000, dies at 96"
692:
in 1985 when he helped to arrange an exchange of prisoners of war between
658:
In 2006, the Catholic Church, again through Cardinal Etchegaray, gave the
1666:"French cardinal breaks his leg in St Peter's Basilica for a second time"
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399:
319:
141:
46:
663:
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1057:"Cardinal Etchegaray, key papal envoy of St. John Paul II, dies at 96"
337:
in 1979, and was the longest-serving cardinal never to attend a papal
1581:"Vatican security criticised after Christmas Eve Mass attack on Pope"
797:
772:
On 24 December 2009, Cardinal Etchegaray was knocked down along with
251:
1728:(Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 10 June 2017.
725:
379:
375:
338:
52:
689:
477:
383:
1395:
Ethics During and After the Holocaust: In the Shadow of Birkenau
709:
402:
to the priesthood by Bishop Jean Saint-Pierre on 13 July 1947.
276:
1258:"Cuba, US: how the Holy See was behind the scene for 50 years"
680:
In December 1985, he led a Vatican team invited by Ayatollah
1496:"Le cardinal Etchegaray, grand-croix de la LĂ©gion d'Honneur"
697:
693:
685:
636:
1700:"Cardinal Etchegaray's retirement means the end of an era"
767:
1839:
Catholic Hierarchy: Roger Marie Ălie Cardinal Etchegaray
1753:"Mort du cardinal Roger Etchegaray, le Basque universel"
1205:"An Organizer of "Assisi I" Looks Ahead to "Assisi II""
1636:"Pope calls for peace amid concern over his security"
1111:(Press release). Holy See Press Office. 30 April 2005
306:; 25 September 1922 â 4 September 2019) was a French
1284:"Relic of St. Andrew Given to Greek Orthodox Church"
1133:(Press release). Holy See Press Office. 10 June 2017
1578:
603:of 30 June 1979. On 24 June 1998 he was appointed
1516:
2025:
1340:"Eglise Catholique au Rwanda: Aperçu Historique"
976:"DĂ©cĂšs du cardinal Roger Etchegaray (1922-2019)"
362:Etchegaray, of Basque ancestry, was born in the
1547:
1000:
1606:"Pope knocked down by woman at Christmas Mass"
1420:"Iraqi president meets Papal envoy Etchegaray"
653:
994:
787:
418:, secretary general of the diocesan works of
1697:
1255:
1006:"Tra il papa e il massone non c'Ăš comunione"
357:
333:(1984â1995). He was elevated to the rank of
1179:"Seeking Thaw, Vatican Sends Aide to China"
1131:"Resignations and Appointments, 10.06.2017"
433:On 29 March 1969, Etchegaray was appointed
2002:Oldest living Member of the Sacred College
1750:
1693:
1691:
487:
45:
1751:de Gaulmyn, Isabelle (4 September 2019).
1448:. Holy See Press Office. 15 February 2003
1256:Gagliarducci, Andrea (18 December 2014).
410:Etchegaray then did pastoral work in the
2084:Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace
1914:Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace
1698:Gagliarducci, Andrea (26 January 2017).
719:
574:Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace
324:Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace
39:Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace
1688:
1579:McKenna, Josephine (25 December 2009).
1050:
1048:
1046:
938:
936:
878:
2094:Cardinals created by Pope John Paul II
2059:Pontifical Gregorian University alumni
2026:
1826:from the original on 19 September 2016
1517:Gammell, Caroline (25 December 2009).
943:Tincq, Paul Henri (5 September 2019).
921:from the original on 19 September 2016
768:Injuries sustained during papal attack
453:on the following 27 May from Cardinal
414:, also serving as secretary to Bishop
322:, where he served as President of the
318:from 1970 to 1985 before entering the
118:Titular Bishop of Gemellae in Numidia
1793:from the original on 5 September 2019
1763:from the original on 4 September 2019
1616:from the original on 25 December 2009
1560:from the original on 28 December 2009
1529:from the original on 26 December 2009
1364:
1229:
1153:"Le regard chinois de Mgr Etchegaray"
1054:
970:
968:
966:
942:
905:
903:
901:
605:Cardinal Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina
301:
162:Vice-Dean of the College of Cardinals
94:Cardinal-Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina
1706:from the original on 15 January 2019
1548:Gardham, Duncan (25 December 2009).
1391:
1089:. Vol. LXXVI. 1984. p. 508
1043:
1031:. Vol. LXIII. 1971. p. 152
933:
405:
2064:Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
881:"Cardinals smoke out the next pope"
703:
617:
347:Rwandan genocide against the Tutsis
13:
1642:. 25 December 2009. Archived from
963:
898:
684:to visit prisoners of war held in
635:Etchegaray made his first trip to
550:Porto-Santa Rufina (suburbicarian)
390:in Rome, from where he obtained a
14:
2110:
1870:22 December 1970 â 13 April 1985
1808:
1732:from the original on 15 July 2017
1676:from the original on 28 June 2018
1294:from the original on 3 April 2015
1264:from the original on 14 July 2018
1055:Glatz, Carol (5 September 2019).
800:, the village where he was born.
326:(1984â1998) and President of the
1995:JosĂ© de JesĂșs Pimiento RodrĂguez
1974:24 June 1998 â 4 September 2019
839:On 26 November 2008 he overtook
669:
508:
2079:French people of Basque descent
1898:8 April 1984 â 2 December 1995
1775:
1744:
1718:
1658:
1628:
1598:
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1368:Le génocide des Tutsi du Rwanda
1358:
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1249:
1223:
1197:
1171:
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1123:
833:
388:Pontifical Gregorian University
1726:"Rinunce e Nomine, 10.06.2017"
1344:Episcopal Conference of Rwanda
1101:
1074:
1016:
980:Conference of Catholic Bishops
872:
648:repression for almost 30 years
1:
2069:21st-century French cardinals
2044:20th-century French cardinals
1946:30 April 2005 â 10 June 2017
1159:(in French). 17 November 2004
982:(in French). 5 September 2019
879:Carroll, Rory (26 May 2001).
866:
625:World Day of Prayer for Peace
392:Licentiate of Sacred Theology
51:Cardinal Roger Etchegaray in
1918:8 April 1984 â 24 June 1998
1398:. Springer. pp. 155ff.
1371:(in French). La DĂ©couverte.
352:
223:(previously Cardinal-Priest)
133:Prelate of Mission de France
7:
2089:Pontifical Council Cor Unum
1894:Pontifical Council Cor Unum
654:CatholicâOrthodox relations
565:named him President of the
428:French Episcopal Conference
314:. Etchegaray served as the
295:Roger Marie Ălie Etchegaray
238:Roger Marie Ălie Etchegaray
16:French cardinal (1922â2019)
10:
2115:
1498:(in French). 27 April 2014
1230:Galea, Joe (29 May 2019).
810:Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI
788:Return to France and death
748:Knight Grand Cross of the
730:2003 U.S. invasion of Iraq
673:
445:of Gemellae in Numidia by
2074:Diplomats of the Holy See
2049:Cardinal-bishops of Porto
2008:
1999:
1991:
1986:
1976:
1966:
1958:
1948:
1938:
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1900:
1890:
1882:
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1855:
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1556:. Telegraph Media Group.
1525:. Telegraph Media Group.
762:
739:
607:. Etchegaray was elected
544:
534:
526:
516:
507:
494:
358:Early life and ordination
282:
262:
233:
228:
214:
201:
188:
184:by Jean Saint-Pierre
178:
173:
111:Auxiliary Bishop of Paris
103:
86:
76:
68:
60:
44:
36:
23:
2054:Archbishops of Marseille
1816:"Etchegaray Card. Roger"
1702:. Catholic News Agency.
1260:. Catholic News Agency.
911:"Etchegaray Card. Roger"
826:
580:, a Vatican property in
2099:AntiâIraq War activists
1866:Archbishop of Marseille
1365:Piton, Florent (2018).
1109:"Other Pontifical Acts"
756:National Order of Merit
736:in order to avoid war.
630:
558:Archbishop of Marseille
488:Archbishop and cardinal
386:before studying at the
364:Northern Basque Country
316:Archbishop of Marseille
303:[ÊÉÊeÉtÊÉÉĄaÊaj]
125:Archbishop of Marseille
1850:Catholic Church titles
1468:"The Journalism Prize"
1392:Roth, John K. (2005).
1083:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
1025:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
451:episcopal consecration
396:Doctorate of Canon Law
1820:Holy See Press Office
915:Holy See Press Office
720:U.S. invasion of Iraq
674:Further information:
660:Greek Orthodox Church
572:and President of the
556:Etchegaray was named
299:French pronunciation:
1952:Giovanni Battista Re
1942:College of Cardinals
1789:. 4 September 2019.
1787:Catholic News Agency
1612:. 25 December 2009.
1290:. 27 February 2006.
1232:"A Cardinal in Cuba"
802:Catholic News Agency
612:College of Cardinals
578:Palazzo San Callisto
2006:3â4 September 2019
1968:Cardinal-Bishop of
1672:. 26 October 2015.
1314:"World of Religion"
567:Pontifical Council
471:Notre-Dame de Paris
416:LĂ©on-Albert Terrier
328:Pontifical Council
151:Pontifical Council
140:Cardinal Priest of
1970:Porto-Santa Rufina
1646:on 9 December 2013
1426:. 15 February 2003
1320:. 28 December 1985
1211:. 22 November 2001
1185:. 3 September 1993
1183:The New York Times
1004:(19 August 1999).
845:secretary of state
817:Pimiento Rodriguez
449:. He received his
412:Diocese of Bayonne
2022:
2021:
2009:Succeeded by
1977:Succeeded by
1962:Agostino Casaroli
1949:Succeeded by
1921:Succeeded by
1912:President of the
1904:Paul Josef Cordes
1901:Succeeded by
1892:President of the
1873:Succeeded by
1288:Zenit News Agency
841:Giacomo Antonelli
776:when 25-year-old
774:Pope Benedict XVI
754:Commander in the
708:He first visited
682:Ruhollah Khomeini
662:another relic of
597:Pope John Paul II
563:Pope John Paul II
554:
553:
406:Priest and bishop
292:
291:
248:25 September 1922
209:Pope John Paul II
149:President of the
81:Agostino Casaroli
37:President of the
2106:
1992:Preceded by
1980:Beniamino Stella
1959:Preceded by
1940:Sub-Dean of the
1931:Preceded by
1924:Nguyen Van Thuan
1886:Bernardin Gantin
1883:Preceded by
1856:Preceded by
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750:Legion of Honour
714:Rwandan genocide
704:Rwandan genocide
618:Diplomatic roles
609:Vice-Dean of the
512:
502:
501:Roger Etchegaray
497:
492:
491:
457:, with Cardinal
435:Auxiliary Bishop
370:He attended the
305:
300:
269:
266:4 September 2019
247:
245:
229:Personal details
224:
202:Created cardinal
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104:Previous post(s)
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31:Roger Etchegaray
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589:Cardinal-Priest
518:Reference style
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467:co-consecrators
463:WĆadysĆaw Rubin
420:Catholic Action
408:
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312:Catholic Church
298:
287:Catholic Church
273:Cambo-les-Bains
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244:1922-09-25
179:Ordination
69:Term ended
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798:Espelette
496:Styles of
422:, and as
398:. He was
353:Biography
252:Espelette
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394:and a
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2016:S.J.
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