36:
391:
care were put at risk or harmed. The
Charity Commission's chief executive described this investigation as "one of the worst examples we have uncovered of poor governance and oversight having a direct impact on vulnerable people." The Commission stated that RNIB's corporate stewardship of services for children with complex needs fell far short of expectations and that the charity's board had been focused on narrow regulatory compliance and dismissive of criticism from the regulatory organisations it was accountable to – the
367:
unlawful. RNIB pointed out that in spite of the judgement, the majority of the UK's visually impaired voters do so using technology that requires them to be accompanied into the voting booth and have their choices read aloud by an assistant. As of 2024 only one person living with blindness in the UK has voted in secret, using a device known as the McGonagle Reader. This comprises an audio player with headphones and a plastic template to locate the boxes on the paper.
383:, which comprised a school and a childrens home, founded in 1957 as Rushton Hall School. Ofsted described it as inadequate in three categories and requiring improvement in the other two. It highlighted failures in safeguarding the vulnerable children and training staff in supporting them. Later that year, the RNIB announced that it had been unable to make sufficient improvements and was closing the Centre; the RNIB's chief executive resigned.
217:. It is regarded as a leader in the field in supporting people in the UK who have vision loss. The organisation seeks to increase awareness of the lived experiences of people who are blind or partially sighted. Additionally, it campaigns to make services such as healthcare, education and public transport safer and more accessible to people with visual impairments.
346:
RNIB campaigns to change behaviours and perceptions around sight loss. It has been involved with several large-scale campaigns including calls for action to create a safer and more inclusive public transport system. In 2023, the charity played a key role in a national campaign to scrap plans to close
291:
In 1914, the organisation changed its name to The
National Institute for the Blind, or NIB, to reflect its status as a national body involved in all aspects of the welfare of blind people. The organisation was officially renamed the Royal National Institute for the Blind in 1953, having been granted
224:
investigated the charity from 2018 to 2020, finding multiple failings described by the
Commission's chief executive as "one of the worst examples we have uncovered of poor governance and oversight having a direct impact on vulnerable people." The RNIB began selling all its eighteen schools, homes and
245:
who was partially sighted) and Daniel
Conolly, W W Fenn and Dr James Gale (all three of whom were blind). Later, the organisation became the British and Foreign Blind Association for Improving the Embossed Literature of the Blind and Promoting the Employment of the Blind – generally shortened to the
327:
RNIB's extensive range of reading services include RNIB Bookshare – a free library of over one million items, which supports students and others in education with a vast collection of accessible textbooks and materials – and
Talking Books, a service first established in 1935, which offers thousands
402:
It was then reported that the RNIB was selling all eighteen of its care homes and schools. The
Charity Commission gave the RNIB an official warning and required it to overhaul its governance, management and culture. In light of RNIB's progress in fulfilling the action plan, the Charity Commission
390:
launched its own inquiry into the RNIB following serious allegations of systemic failings within the organisation. In 2020, the
Commission ruled that there had been significant management, oversight, and staffing shortcomings which had led to repeated incidents where young people in the charity's
366:
highlighting that according to its research roughly 87% of the UK's citizens with visual impairments were denied their right to vote in secret. The campaign follows a 2019 court judgement that declared the UK's current voting arrangements for people with blindness or visual impairments to be
604:
1218:
280:), education and employment. From the 20th century, welfare/social support has been important. However, it was not till the late 1980s that eye health became a major focus. Previously, eye health was seen as the sole prerogative of
1864:
351:, to raise awareness of sight loss and the support that people who have visual impairments might need. Along with other leading health charities, RNIB lobbied throughout 2023 for better disability support across the
304:
agreed in principle to combine some services across
England. The new arrangement began in April 2009, resulting in Action for Blind People becoming an associate charity of RNIB. It merged with RNIB on 1 April 2017.
1857:
1984:
2164:
1850:
233:
RNIB was first established on 16 October 1868 as the
British and Foreign Society for Improving the Embossed Literature of the Blind. The first meeting, which was held at 33 Cambridge Square,
1409:
2154:
1354:
925:
1462:
1244:
331:
RNIB’s ECLO (Eye Care
Liaison Officers) service aims to help patients understand the impact of a sight loss diagnosis and to direct them to appropriate sources of support.
2179:
399:. It found failures in training, safeguarding, record-keeping, reporting, responding to complaints, and the administration of medication, as well as instances of harm.
103:
1654:
1515:
2144:
1272:
2042:
1708:
670:
300:. To coincide with the launch of the UK Vision Strategy in 2008, it was renamed the Royal National Institute of Blind People. In October 2008, RNIB and
2134:
1826:
2189:
1682:
854:
2169:
1102:
296:
in 1949. In 2002, the organisation was renamed the Royal National Institute of the Blind ("of" rather than "for" blind people) when it became a
1382:
574:
1546:
825:
1022:
982:
706:
1574:
800:
635:
2098:
1628:
935:
428:
376:
1934:
1076:
609:
387:
258:
221:
1949:
540:
2113:
1050:
375:
The RNIB used to run a number of schools, homes, and other institutions. In 2018, an Ofsted report was highly critical of the
1959:
1742:
859:
433:
308:
Anna Tylor, who is partially sighted, has been RNIB's Chair since 2020. Matt Stringer was appointed Chief Executive in 2019.
2108:
438:
359:
1929:
1489:
413:
2149:
1299:
1939:
2174:
1842:
1919:
2159:
1954:
1944:
1788:
418:
1838:
RNIB Sightline Directory of services and organisations that help blind and partially sighted people in the UK
1004:
1437:
2139:
262:
1989:
1463:"RNIB launches new campaign to dispel myths and encourage people to 'See the person, not the sight loss'"
1245:"CarePlace directory – Eye Care Liaison Officers (ECLO) – support for blind and partially sighted people"
2093:
1249:
1190:
830:
347:
ticket offices in train stations. In 2022, the charity launched its largest-ever advertising campaign,
35:
358:
The charity has campaigned for mandatory secret ballots for people with visual impairments. After the
269:, London, which has been adapted to cater for the needs of people who are blind, partially sighted or
2184:
500:
1161:
605:"Charity Inquiry: The Royal National Institute of Blind People (226227) and RNIB Charity (1156629)"
2088:
2005:
1889:
1659:
930:
749:
517:
392:
352:
301:
297:
210:
548:
238:
2083:
1827:
Charity Commission for England and Wales page on The Royal National Institute of Blind People
250:
2073:
2063:
1924:
1780:
1166:
777:
The Story of a Blind Inventor: Being Some Account of the Life and Labours of Dr. James Gale
711:
8:
2078:
2068:
1979:
1914:
1027:
448:
443:
2103:
2037:
640:
423:
254:
61:
1904:
1894:
1874:
1784:
1716:
1547:"Make this the last inaccessible election for blind people in UK, campaigners demand"
1414:
1195:
998:
775:
363:
234:
214:
1872:
309:
281:
266:
72:
1655:"Serious mismanagement at RNIB exposed vulnerable people to risk, regulator finds"
468:
William Wilthew Fenn (1827–1906), from London, was a landscape painter and author.
1909:
1803:
1600:
1520:
1516:"Concern over lack of progress supporting people with communication needs in NHS"
1107:
1575:"RNIB campaigns to improve voting access for blind and partially sighted people"
324:
RNIB's helpline gives access to sight loss experts for questions and guidance.
1837:
1325:
957:
855:"RNIB's new HQ becomes exemplar in designing for blind and neurodiverse people"
636:"Damning report lists 'serious failings' at RNIB children's centre in Coventry"
184:
British and Foreign Society for Improving the Embossed Literature of the Blind;
140:
2128:
1720:
1410:"Almost every rail ticket office in England to be closed in next three years"
293:
118:
105:
1683:"RNIB's governance failures led to young people being harmed, inquiry finds"
1273:"Volunteers needed to collect 'Sooty boxes' as blind charity's takings fall"
1130:
504:
2058:
1551:
1359:
675:
575:"RNIB office: first UK building to fully adopt BSI neurodiversity standard"
313:
285:
270:
1974:
1831:
1709:"Children at RNIB schools and homes put at risk, charity regulator finds"
1139:
671:"Children at RNIB schools and homes put at risk, charity regulator finds"
2021:
1969:
1355:"Plans for mass closure of railway ticket offices in England confirmed"
265:
opened the organisation's new headquarters in the Grimaldi Building on
253:. From 2000 until 2023, RNIB operated from premises on Judd Street, in
754:
At the Circulating Library: A Database of Victorian Fiction, 1837–1901
1772:
1747:
242:
1899:
1605:
1330:
1277:
380:
985:. RNIB. 7 August 2022. Archived from the original on 7 August 2022
826:"HRH The Duchess of Edinburgh opens the RNIB's new London office"
277:
2165:
Health and disability rights organisations in the United Kingdom
1490:"Why the RNIB Wants You to 'See the Person, Not the Sight Loss'"
396:
87:
1100:
335:
1438:"RNIB dispels myths to 'see the person, not the sight loss'"
1383:"Why could train station ticket offices be shut in England?"
1023:"RNIB campaign to get better voting access for blind people"
926:"RNIB and Action for Blind People announce 'associate' deal"
801:"Guide Dogs moves out of RNIB office share after five years"
1819:
1777:
Changing Focus: the development of blind welfare in Britain
338:
is an exclusive feature on the charity's collection boxes.
276:
RNIB's remit has always included reading and writing (e.g.
171:
249:
In 1914, the organisation relocated to larger premises in
2155:
Charities for disabled people based in the United Kingdom
511:
1629:"Children's home and school for blind children to close"
370:
818:
316:, was RNIB's Patron throughout her reign (1952–2022).
1101:
Young, Kimberley; Powell, Selina (9 September 2022).
1800:
The Royal National Institute for the Blind 1868–1956
1051:"RNIB appoints Matt Stringer as new chief executive"
2180:
Organisations based in the London Borough of Camden
1540:
1538:
1326:"Train firms plan mass closures of ticket offices"
477:James Gale (1833–1907) was an inventor from Devon.
213:, founded in 1868, that serves people living with
541:"RNIB (Royal National Institute of Blind People)"
334:Since the 1950s, the children's puppet character
2126:
1135:: The Support Hub; The RNIB's Helpline Services"
1074:
1743:"Faith in charities is eroding, watchdog warns"
1535:
1048:
923:
707:"Royal National Institute of Blind People 1868"
1797:
1601:"Blind woman to vote in secret for first time"
1513:
1487:
664:
662:
660:
658:
328:of audio books, both fiction and non-fiction.
2145:Blindness organisations in the United Kingdom
1858:
1183:
1592:
1352:
1300:"Sooty's RNIB Make-Over to Help Raise Funds"
1077:"RNIB appoints King Charles as royal patron"
403:withdrew its adverse decision in June 2022.
1042:
734:
732:
730:
655:
506:The RNIB's New Chair Of Trustees Anna Tylor
1865:
1851:
1771:
1652:
983:"Action for Blind People merged with RNIB"
568:
566:
319:
34:
2135:1868 establishments in the United Kingdom
2099:RNIB Pears Centre for Specialist Learning
1270:
1264:
1211:
1068:
1016:
1014:
792:
701:
699:
697:
695:
693:
629:
627:
429:RNIB Pears Centre for Specialist Learning
377:RNIB Pears Centre for Specialist Learning
2190:Royal National Institute of Blind People
1935:The Guide Dogs for the Blind Association
1128:
1122:
1094:
846:
727:
610:Charity Commission for England and Wales
572:
388:Charity Commission for England and Wales
222:Charity Commission for England and Wales
203:Royal National Institute of Blind People
28:Royal National Institute of Blind People
2043:Talking Newspaper Association of the UK
1950:Leeds Society for Deaf and Blind People
1680:
1674:
892:
890:
888:
886:
852:
773:
767:
599:
597:
595:
563:
495:
493:
246:British and Foreign Blind Association.
190:Royal National Institute for the Blind;
2170:Health in the London Borough of Camden
2127:
2114:Royal School for the Blind (Liverpool)
1706:
1626:
1572:
1544:
1380:
1374:
1219:"Talking books and audio publications"
1154:
1020:
1011:
958:"A potted history of Windermere Manor"
741:
690:
668:
633:
624:
207:Royal National Institute for the Blind
186:British and Foreign Blind Association;
1960:Royal London Society for Blind People
1846:
1740:
1646:
1598:
1566:
1435:
1429:
1407:
1401:
1292:
1103:"Tributes paid to Queen Elizabeth II"
950:
860:Royal Institute of British Architects
499:
434:Royal London Society for Blind People
371:Schools, homes and other institutions
312:is the charity's Patron. His mother,
192:Royal National Institute of the Blind
2109:Royal National College for the Blind
1653:Rosa Royle, Orianna (25 June 2020).
1271:Dickenson, Andy (28 February 2022).
1237:
883:
798:
592:
490:
471:
462:
439:Royal National College for the Blind
1734:
924:Little, Matthew (24 October 2009).
853:Pearson, Andrew (6 November 2023).
747:
414:British Wireless for the Blind Fund
13:
1514:Pickover, Ella (6 February 2023).
1488:Mahtani, Nisna (8 November 2022).
1436:Louis, Yasmeen (30 October 2023).
349:See the person, not the sight loss
14:
2201:
1940:Henshaws Society for Blind People
1811:
1627:Mullen, Enda (7 September 2018).
1049:Weakley, Kirsty (25 April 2019).
573:Watchman, Joanna (31 July 2023).
362:RNIB delivered an open letter to
188:National Institute for the Blind;
1930:Galloway's Society for the Blind
1707:Butler, Patrick (24 June 2020).
1681:Weakley, Kirsty (25 June 2020).
1545:Weaver, Matthew (26 June 2024).
1075:McCormick, Emily (29 May 2024).
669:Butler, Patrick (25 June 2020).
551:Adult Social Care and Prevention
533:
1920:Cardiff Institute for the Blind
1700:
1620:
1507:
1481:
1455:
1346:
1318:
1191:"How the Talking Book was born"
1162:"Accessibility: RNIB Bookshare"
1129:Hemmings, Beth (27 June 2023).
975:
917:
908:
899:
874:
1955:National Library for the Blind
1945:Kent Association for the Blind
750:"Author: William Wilthew Fenn"
419:National Library for the Blind
341:
1:
1741:Brown, David (25 June 2020).
1573:McIvor, Liane (3 July 2024).
1381:Simone, Carlo (5 July 2024).
799:Wait, Sam (23 January 2023).
634:Layton, Josh (26 June 2020).
484:
1877:people in the United Kingdom
1599:Waple, Katie (3 July 2024).
1408:Munro, Craig (5 July 2023).
1353:Topham, Gwyn (5 July 2023).
1021:Oliver, Toby (1 July 2024).
7:
1990:Warwickshire Vision Support
1834:– the radio station of RNIB
406:
10:
2206:
2094:RNIB College, Loughborough
1765:
1250:London Borough of Hounslow
831:Greater London Lieutenancy
228:
2150:Charities based in London
2051:
2030:
2014:
1998:
1882:
1003:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
178:
166:
156:
146:
134:
97:
79:
67:
57:
46:16 October 1868
42:
33:
26:
455:
263:The Duchess of Edinburgh
2175:Libraries for the blind
2089:Queen Alexandra College
2006:Dolphin Computer Access
1890:Action for Blind People
1798:Thomas, Mary G (1957).
393:Care Quality Commission
353:National Health Service
320:Programmes and services
302:Action for Blind People
298:membership organisation
257:, which it shared with
1304:Living with Disabiltiy
774:Plummer, John (1868).
549:Newcastle City Council
239:Thomas Rhodes Armitage
2160:Great Portland Street
2084:New College Worcester
521:broadcast on Radio 4)
360:2024 general election
251:Great Portland Street
2074:Joseph Clarke School
2064:Exhall Grange School
2052:Schools and colleges
1999:Assistive technology
1167:University of Exeter
938:on 30 September 2011
712:Science Museum Group
503:(15 December 2020).
225:other institutions.
16:UK blindness charity
2140:Blindness charities
2079:Linden Lodge School
2069:Jordanstown Schools
1915:British Blind Sport
1028:Hampshire Chronicle
449:Visionary (charity)
444:Tiresias (typeface)
237:, involved founder
205:and previously the
115: /
23:
2104:Royal Blind School
2038:RNIB Connect Radio
1873:Organisations for
1832:RNIB Connect Radio
914:Thomas, pp.142-43.
641:Coventry Telegraph
424:RNIB Connect Radio
386:Also in 2018, the
314:Queen Elizabeth II
255:Bloomsbury, London
215:visual impairments
162:Anna Tylor (Chair)
119:51.5317°N 0.1148°W
62:Registered charity
21:
2122:
2121:
1905:Blind Veterans UK
1895:Blind in Business
1875:visually impaired
1494:Little Black Book
1225:. 27 October 2023
1223:Blind Veterans UK
1196:The History Press
780:. William Tweedie
748:Bassett, Troy J.
364:10 Downing Street
235:Hyde Park, London
196:
195:
2197:
2185:Pentonville Road
1867:
1860:
1853:
1844:
1843:
1823:
1822:
1820:Official website
1807:
1794:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1542:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1469:. 3 October 2022
1459:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1171:. 23 August 2024
1158:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1072:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1018:
1009:
1008:
1002:
994:
992:
990:
979:
973:
972:
970:
968:
962:Windermere Manor
954:
948:
947:
945:
943:
934:. Archived from
921:
915:
912:
906:
903:
897:
894:
881:
878:
872:
871:
869:
867:
850:
844:
843:
841:
839:
822:
816:
815:
813:
811:
796:
790:
789:
787:
785:
771:
765:
764:
762:
760:
745:
739:
736:
725:
724:
722:
720:
703:
688:
687:
685:
683:
666:
653:
652:
650:
648:
631:
622:
621:
619:
617:
601:
590:
589:
587:
585:
570:
561:
560:
558:
556:
537:
531:
530:
528:
526:
497:
478:
475:
469:
466:
310:King Charles III
282:ophthalmologists
267:Pentonville Road
209:) is a British
174:
130:
129:
127:
126:
125:
124:51.5317; -0.1148
120:
116:
113:
112:
111:
108:
90:
73:Pentonville Road
53:
51:
38:
24:
20:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2047:
2026:
2010:
1994:
1925:Fight for Sight
1910:Bradbury Fields
1878:
1871:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1804:Brighton Herald
1791:
1768:
1763:
1753:
1751:
1739:
1735:
1725:
1723:
1705:
1701:
1691:
1689:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1651:
1647:
1637:
1635:
1625:
1621:
1611:
1609:
1597:
1593:
1583:
1581:
1571:
1567:
1557:
1555:
1543:
1536:
1526:
1524:
1521:The Independent
1512:
1508:
1498:
1496:
1486:
1482:
1472:
1470:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1446:
1444:
1442:Marketing/ Beat
1434:
1430:
1420:
1418:
1406:
1402:
1392:
1390:
1379:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1351:
1347:
1337:
1335:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1283:
1281:
1269:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1228:
1226:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1202:
1200:
1199:. 16 March 2016
1189:
1188:
1184:
1174:
1172:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1145:
1143:
1127:
1123:
1113:
1111:
1108:Optometry Today
1099:
1095:
1085:
1083:
1081:Optometry Today
1073:
1069:
1059:
1057:
1047:
1043:
1033:
1031:
1019:
1012:
996:
995:
988:
986:
981:
980:
976:
966:
964:
956:
955:
951:
941:
939:
922:
918:
913:
909:
904:
900:
895:
884:
879:
875:
865:
863:
851:
847:
837:
835:
824:
823:
819:
809:
807:
797:
793:
783:
781:
772:
768:
758:
756:
746:
742:
737:
728:
718:
716:
705:
704:
691:
681:
679:
667:
656:
646:
644:
632:
625:
615:
613:
603:
602:
593:
583:
581:
571:
564:
554:
552:
545:Information Now
539:
538:
534:
524:
522:
498:
491:
487:
482:
481:
476:
472:
467:
463:
458:
453:
409:
373:
344:
322:
231:
201:(formally, the
191:
189:
187:
185:
181:
180:Formerly called
170:
159:
149:
148:Chief Executive
137:
123:
121:
117:
114:
109:
106:
104:
102:
101:
93:
86:
75:, London N1 9JE
49:
47:
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2203:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2055:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1879:
1870:
1869:
1862:
1855:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1829:
1824:
1813:
1812:External links
1810:
1809:
1808:
1795:
1789:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1733:
1699:
1673:
1645:
1619:
1591:
1565:
1534:
1506:
1480:
1454:
1428:
1400:
1373:
1345:
1317:
1291:
1263:
1236:
1210:
1182:
1153:
1121:
1093:
1067:
1041:
1010:
974:
949:
916:
907:
898:
882:
873:
845:
834:. 15 June 2023
817:
791:
766:
740:
726:
689:
654:
623:
591:
562:
532:
488:
486:
483:
480:
479:
470:
460:
459:
457:
454:
452:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
410:
408:
405:
372:
369:
343:
340:
321:
318:
230:
227:
194:
193:
182:
179:
176:
175:
168:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
150:
147:
144:
143:
141:United Kingdom
138:
136:Region served
135:
132:
131:
99:
95:
94:
92:
91:
83:
81:
77:
76:
69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
54:
44:
40:
39:
31:
30:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2202:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2013:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1868:
1863:
1861:
1856:
1854:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1815:
1805:
1801:
1796:
1792:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1769:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1737:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1703:
1688:
1687:Civil Society
1684:
1677:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1649:
1634:
1633:Coventry Live
1630:
1623:
1608:
1607:
1602:
1595:
1580:
1576:
1569:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1541:
1539:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1510:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1468:
1464:
1458:
1443:
1439:
1432:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1404:
1388:
1384:
1377:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1349:
1334:. 5 July 2023
1333:
1332:
1327:
1321:
1306:. August 2016
1305:
1301:
1295:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1267:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1240:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1186:
1170:
1168:
1163:
1157:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1125:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1097:
1082:
1078:
1071:
1056:
1055:Civil Society
1052:
1045:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1017:
1015:
1006:
1000:
984:
978:
963:
959:
953:
937:
933:
932:
927:
920:
911:
902:
893:
891:
889:
887:
877:
862:
861:
856:
849:
833:
832:
827:
821:
806:
805:Civil Society
802:
795:
779:
778:
770:
755:
751:
744:
738:Thomas, p.113
735:
733:
731:
714:
713:
708:
702:
700:
698:
696:
694:
678:
677:
672:
665:
663:
661:
659:
643:
642:
637:
630:
628:
612:
611:
606:
600:
598:
596:
580:
576:
569:
567:
550:
546:
542:
536:
520:
519:
514:
513:
508:
507:
502:
496:
494:
489:
474:
465:
461:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
411:
404:
400:
398:
394:
389:
384:
382:
378:
368:
365:
361:
356:
354:
350:
339:
337:
332:
329:
325:
317:
315:
311:
306:
303:
299:
295:
294:Royal Charter
289:
287:
283:
279:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
247:
244:
240:
236:
226:
223:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
183:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
155:
152:Matt Stringer
151:
145:
142:
139:
133:
128:
100:
96:
89:
85:
84:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
63:
60:
56:
45:
41:
37:
32:
25:
19:
2059:Dorton House
1964:
1799:
1776:
1754:23 September
1752:. Retrieved
1746:
1736:
1726:29 September
1724:. Retrieved
1713:The Guardian
1712:
1702:
1692:17 September
1690:. Retrieved
1686:
1676:
1664:. Retrieved
1660:Third Sector
1658:
1648:
1638:29 September
1636:. Retrieved
1632:
1622:
1612:24 September
1610:. Retrieved
1604:
1594:
1584:24 September
1582:. Retrieved
1578:
1568:
1558:24 September
1556:. Retrieved
1552:The Guardian
1550:
1525:. Retrieved
1519:
1509:
1497:. Retrieved
1493:
1483:
1471:. Retrieved
1466:
1457:
1447:18 September
1445:. Retrieved
1441:
1431:
1419:. Retrieved
1413:
1403:
1391:. Retrieved
1387:The Standard
1386:
1376:
1364:. Retrieved
1360:The Guardian
1358:
1348:
1336:. Retrieved
1329:
1320:
1308:. Retrieved
1303:
1294:
1282:. Retrieved
1276:
1266:
1254:. Retrieved
1248:
1239:
1229:18 September
1227:. Retrieved
1222:
1213:
1203:23 September
1201:. Retrieved
1194:
1185:
1175:28 September
1173:. Retrieved
1165:
1156:
1144:. Retrieved
1138:
1132:
1124:
1114:18 September
1112:. Retrieved
1106:
1096:
1084:. Retrieved
1080:
1070:
1058:. Retrieved
1054:
1044:
1034:20 September
1032:. Retrieved
1026:
989:26 September
987:. Retrieved
977:
967:26 September
965:. Retrieved
961:
952:
940:. Retrieved
936:the original
931:Third Sector
929:
919:
910:
901:
876:
864:. Retrieved
858:
848:
836:. Retrieved
829:
820:
808:. Retrieved
804:
794:
784:23 September
782:. Retrieved
776:
769:
759:23 September
757:. Retrieved
753:
743:
717:. Retrieved
710:
680:. Retrieved
676:The Guardian
674:
645:. Retrieved
639:
614:. Retrieved
608:
584:23 September
582:. Retrieved
579:Work in Mind
578:
555:18 September
553:. Retrieved
544:
535:
523:. Retrieved
516:
510:
505:
501:White, Peter
473:
464:
401:
385:
374:
357:
348:
345:
333:
330:
326:
323:
307:
290:
286:optometrists
275:
271:neurodiverse
248:
232:
219:
206:
202:
198:
197:
68:Headquarters
18:
1975:Sightsavers
1310:2 September
1140:BBC Radio 4
342:Campaigning
261:. In 2023,
172:rnib.org.uk
122: /
98:Coordinates
2129:Categories
2022:Traveleyes
1970:SeeAbility
1790:009100490X
1781:Hutchinson
1779:. London:
1773:Rose, June
485:References
259:Guide Dogs
158:Key people
107:51°31′54″N
50:1868-10-16
1980:Visionary
1883:Charities
1748:The Times
1721:0261-3077
1499:14 August
1473:14 August
1421:11 August
1393:11 August
1389:. Chester
1366:11 August
1338:14 August
1284:11 August
1256:14 August
1146:14 August
942:31 August
719:11 August
243:physician
110:0°06′53″W
43:Formation
1900:BlindArt
1775:(1970).
1606:BBC News
1467:Eye News
1331:BBC News
1278:ITV News
1133:In Touch
999:cite web
715:. London
518:In Touch
407:See also
381:Coventry
80:Location
2015:Leisure
1766:Sources
1169:Library
379:, near
355:(NHS).
278:Braille
229:History
211:charity
167:Website
48: (
1787:
1719:
1666:22 May
1527:8 July
1086:9 July
1060:8 July
905:Thomas
880:Thomas
866:26 May
838:27 May
810:26 May
647:26 May
525:8 July
397:Ofsted
88:London
2031:Media
1985:Vista
1579:Thiis
1415:Metro
682:7 May
616:7 May
456:Notes
336:Sooty
71:154a
1965:RNIB
1785:ISBN
1756:2024
1728:2024
1717:ISSN
1694:2024
1668:2024
1640:2024
1614:2024
1586:2024
1560:2024
1529:2024
1501:2024
1475:2024
1449:2024
1423:2024
1395:2024
1368:2024
1340:2024
1312:2024
1286:2024
1258:2024
1231:2024
1205:2024
1177:2024
1148:2024
1116:2024
1088:2024
1062:2024
1036:2024
1005:link
991:2024
969:2024
944:2024
896:Rose
868:2024
840:2024
812:2024
786:2024
761:2024
721:2024
684:2024
649:2024
618:2024
586:2024
557:2024
527:2024
395:and
284:and
220:The
199:RNIB
58:Type
22:RNIB
512:BBC
241:(a
2131::
1802:.
1783:.
1745:.
1715:.
1711:.
1685:.
1657:.
1631:.
1603:.
1577:.
1549:.
1537:^
1518:.
1492:.
1465:.
1440:.
1412:.
1385:.
1357:.
1328:.
1302:.
1275:.
1247:.
1221:.
1193:.
1164:.
1137:.
1105:.
1079:.
1053:.
1025:.
1013:^
1001:}}
997:{{
960:.
928:.
885:^
857:.
828:.
803:.
752:.
729:^
709:.
692:^
673:.
657:^
638:.
626:^
607:.
594:^
577:.
565:^
547:.
543:.
509:.
492:^
292:a
288:.
273:.
1866:e
1859:t
1852:v
1806:.
1793:.
1758:.
1730:.
1696:.
1670:.
1642:.
1616:.
1588:.
1562:.
1531:.
1503:.
1477:.
1451:.
1425:.
1397:.
1370:.
1342:.
1314:.
1288:.
1260:.
1233:.
1207:.
1179:.
1150:.
1131:"
1118:.
1090:.
1064:.
1038:.
1007:)
993:.
971:.
946:.
870:.
842:.
814:.
788:.
763:.
723:.
686:.
651:.
620:.
588:.
559:.
529:.
515:(
52:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
