480:. Its main task was the negotiations surrounding the liquidation of foreign military bases in the country, as well as on the redistribution of oil revenues. Two weeks after his appointment, Busir called the ambassadors of the United States and Great Britain and said that if it was confirmed that they were supplying Israel with tanks and other military equipment, Libya would have to reconsider its relationship with London and Washington. A few days later, on October 31, he summoned the US ambassador and handed him a note demanding the liquidation of the Wheelus Air Base. The British ambassador also received a note with a proposal to begin negotiations on the evacuation of British troops, but in December the major role in negotiations with the USA and Great Britain passed to the member of the SRK Major (and later prime minister)
425:, and Tunisia. Libyan authorities shut down all of Busir's finances and seized his property, yet he refused to accept money from the Egyptian authorities. According to other sources, his life in Egypt was relatively stable and comfortable. His family was close by, and money was being sent to him from Libya to maintain a standard of living. Many requests were sent to the Egyptian government to extradite him to Libya as a criminal. At the same time, Busir himself visited the Libyan embassy, where he had acquaintances. He sought to help the Libyans who found themselves in a difficult situation in Egypt. Some relatives and close friends have said that authorities offered the Busir return to Libya, promising to amicably settle the problem with the court, but he refused to leave Cairo.
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456:. He helped the Palestinians fleeing to Egypt, and in 1968 he became one of the founders of the Islamic Committee, which organized education Palestinian students and incurred part of the cost of their education. At the same time, Busir began a scientific career at Al-Azhar University, where he received a master's degree in history, defending a dissertation on the theme "Jihad of the Palestinian people".
251:, 1925 – February 21, 1973) was a Libyan politician, journalist, and historian. Born into a merchant family, he grew to have a successful career in journalism, politics, and science. He was an advocate for Arab values and for the independence of Libya from Italy. Busir was a strong opponent of first the Italian colonial occupation of Libya, and later the United Kingdom as well as the
306:
since the
British were opponents of the Italians, the Libyans who studied in Egypt, unlike the Egyptians, saw them as their allies. Salah Busir quickly became one of the prominent figures among Libyan students at the university. He involved himself in politics and actively participated in meetings where the regime of fascist Italy was condemned.
289:, who led the armed struggle for the independence of Libya. The result of this was a general surge in Libyan nationalism and anti-Italian sentiments throughout Libya. When Salah graduated from high school in Benghazi, his father refused to educate him in Libya and sent him to study abroad in the de facto independent Egypt.
367:– "Defense"). However, the conditions of the time temporarily halted his political career. A scandal evolved out of suspicions that the 1952 election was rigged. All political parties were banned in the kingdom, and the king consolidated power, gaining the ability to veto or suspend the parliament should the need arise.
351:), with the motto "Frankness and Truth". After leaving the al-Jadida paper in 1949, the magazine became his main focus. The magazine played a major role during the turbulent election of the first parliament of Cyrenaica, as they had opposed certain government representatives and criticized the British authorities.
400:
the United
Kingdom was the initiative of Busir himself, or if he had been influenced by Fatima's court. Soon, government officers went to representative Busir's house. He was charged with a felony – falsification of documents – and ended up in jail. This marked the end of Busir's career in the Kingdom.
523:
Fadwa attended university, becoming a professor as well as a local celebrity. In 2008, she gave an interview on 35th anniversary of her father's death and said that she had learned about the death of her father over the radio in London, where her family was at that time. Fadwa says Libya has not done
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of the United
Kingdom, asking her to persuade Idris I to veto the execution of Queen Fatima's 19-year-old brother, who killed Shalha. This maneuver did not catch the attention of the monarch. Fatima later stated that she knew nothing about the letter. It is unclear whether the letter to the Queen of
374:
focused on developing deeper ties with Great
Britain, whom he considered his ally. He also furthered cooperation with the United States. Libya, which did not yet have oil revenues, remained a relatively poor country, and taxes remained the largest source of national income. Despite the king's views,
317:
When World War II broke out, the situation in Libya became more volatile. Busir, a fledgling journalist in Cairo, began giving speeches over the radio which were broadcast to
Italian Libya. He denounced the policies of the fascist Italians and called on the people to begin a "holy war" against the
305:
Theological
University. In the Kingdom of Egypt, the British had a large economic and governmental presence. At the same time, there was a popular movement to decrease British influence and restore Egyptian sovereignty. On the one hand, this contributed to the growth of Arab nationalism. However,
387:
until 1970 in exchange for annual subsidies of up to $ 50 million. On
October 5, the queen's brother Sharif bin Seyyed Muhid-din al-Senusi killed Ibrahim al- Shalhi, who, since 1916, had been the adviser to Idris. A state of emergency put into place, which complicated the situation of the
342:
However, cooperation with the
British was short-lived, and soon Busir began to criticize the British occupation. After 1946, British control began to wane, and the Libya al-Jadida newspaper took a more independent position. They began to echo ideas expressed in the Egyptian press, and spoke in
519:
Salah Busir was a married man and had two children, Muhammad and Fadwa Busir. Muhammad made many efforts to launch an investigation into the death of his father, but, ultimately, achieved nothing and emigrated from Libya. Muhammad later served as chairman for the "American-Libyan
Alliance for
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However, his prison stay would not last long. With the secret assistance of either the court, or with the help of the enemies of the monarchy, he escaped from prison as early as August 1955. Disguised as a woman, with a niqab hiding his face, he was able to freely pass by border control at an
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Italians. The
British administration in Egypt soon took notice of Busir, and, in 1943, when Libya was liberated from the Italo-German forces, he returned to his homeland. There he began to spread political information and the goals of the allied forces. He worked for the Benghazi newspaper "(
484:. Despite a decline in his influence, Busir retained his post in Gaddafi's government. Busir's hard work paid off, and on March 27, 1970, the British air base in El Adem and the naval base in Tobruk were abandoned, and on June 11, 1970, the American flag was lowered over Wheelus Air base.
40:
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Although his actions were not of the scale of an uprising against the monarchy, he still gained a reputation as a political emigrant who was being persecuted by Libyan authorities. Prior to 1969, he lived in Egypt, occasionally staying in
495:. Until his death, he continued to deal with the Palestinian problem and the history of Libya, and subsequently prepared a doctoral dissertation on the topic of the "Jihad of the Libyan people", but did not have time to defend it.
375:
Busir remained faithful to his nationalist convictions. While writing for Al-Difaa, he criticized the Anglo-Libyan agreement pertaining to the creation of military bases in Libya and opposed the king's close advisers.
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from the region of Cyrenaica. He was soon elected deputy chairman of the House and became one of the leaders of the Progressive Nationalists group. In the same, Busir began to publish the weekly newspaper "Al-Difaa"
765:
263:
of the Libyan Arab Republic and sought to eliminate foreign military bases in Libya. In 1972, he tried to promote his ideas at the pan-Arab level, but in February 1973, the plane on which he was flying was
383:
Busir's life was drastically altered in 1954, when the Al-Difaa was shut down by the authorities. In September 1954, Libyan authorities signed an agreement extending the lease of the US Air Force base
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491:. Less than a year later, on August 16, 1971, he took the post of Minister of Information, but left in 1972 when he nominated himself and was elected to the Federal National Assembly of the
354:
In December 1951, the country gained independence, and in February 1952 the now famous journalist Salah Busir was elected to the Chamber of Representatives of the Parliament of the
507:, when the plane was shot down by an Israeli fighter over the Sinai Peninsula in the Ismailia region. Some alleged that Busir had become a target for Israel, and felt that the
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476:. Busir was to lead the Foreign Ministry of the new Republic. On September 8, 1969, he was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs and Unity in the cabinet under
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condemnation of British rule, as well as for the freedom and sovereignty of Libya. In 1947, Busir and others founded the monthly journal Dawn of Libya (
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Busir served as Foreign Minister until October 16, 1970, when he was replaced by a member of the Council of the Revolutionary Command, Major
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Freedom," an anti-Gaddafi organization. He reconciled with Gaddafi in 2006 and attended Gaddafi's 37th anniversary in power that September.
645:
790:Бувазир развернул активную работу, участвовал в работе Совета совместной обороны Лиги арабских стран в Каире 8–10 ноября 1969 года,
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432:) who provided him with all kinds of support, including financial support. Among his acquaintances were such Arab leaders as
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and subsequent coming to power of Muammar Gaddafi in 1969 allowed him to return from his 14-year exile. He became the first
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into the family of a merchant. He was about six years old when, in 1931, Italian authorities captured and hanged sheikh
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856:"حوار الأستاذ عبد المنصف البورى والأستاذة فدوى صالح بويصير فى إذاعة الأمل بمناسبة ذكرى مرور 35 عام على استشهاد"
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in 1972 was a way of avenging his death. Salah Busir is revered in the Arab world as a sort of martyr.
813:
744:"في كتابه الجديد.. محمد عبد الهادى علام يكشف بالوثائق تفاصيل جديدة ومثيرة حول اغتيال بويصير والكيخيا"
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History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi#Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977–2011)
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817:(in Russian). Moscow: State Scientific Publishing House "Soviet Encyclopedia". 1970. p. 304.
576:(in Russian). Moscow: State Scientific Publishing House "Soviet Encyclopedia". 1970. p. 585.
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326:)", published by the Allies, and then in 1944 transferred to the newspaper Barka al- Jadida "(
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During this period, Busir established close contacts within Palestinian liberation movement (
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440:, and Huari Boumedien. As a member of the Committee in Support of Palestine, Busir visited
255:. As a result of this, he was forced to emigrate from Libya on two separate occasions. The
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714:"تصحيح لواقعـة اعـتـقال السيد صالح بويصير التي نشرت فى جريدة يدعـوت احرنوت الاسرائيلية"
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several times (until 1967), as well as visiting Palestinian refugee camps in
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Correspondence with the Queen of the United Kingdom and fleeing the nation
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History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi#Libyan Arab Republic (1969–1977)
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History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi#Libyan Arab Republic (1969–1977)
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enough to get Israel to provide more information on the plane crash.
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Salah Masoud Busir died on the morning of February 21, 1973, in a
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888:(in Russian). Наука. Главная редакция восточной литературы.
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611:(in Russian). Vol. 46, no. 33. 1969. p. 33.
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Life as a Progressive Journalist and Royal Representative
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858:(in Arabic). Libya: News and Views. February 27, 2008
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In 1955, Salah Busir made a risky move. On behalf of
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Minister of Foreign Affairs and Information of Libya
334:-" New Cyrenaica "), which was published in Arabic.
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Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Egypt
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886:Новейшая история арабских стран Африки. 1917—1987
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155:September 8, 1969 – October 16, 1970
764:«Новое правительство Ливии». Каир.9.ТАСС //
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408:. His family was waiting for him in Cairo.
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648:(in Arabic). Facebook. November 1, 2011
567:Бувазир, Салах (биографические справки)
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926:September 8, 1969 – October 16, 1970
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293:Immigration to Cairo and World War II
124:Politician, journalist, and historian
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470:Council of the Revolutionary Command
297:In the late 1930s, Busir arrived in
509:terrorist attack at Munich Olympics
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143:Libyan Minister of Foreign Affairs
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281:Salah Busir was born in 1925 in
222:October 16, 1970 – 1972
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830:"Middle-east Arab News Opinion"
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412:The Fate of the Immigrant Busir
266:shot down by an Israeli fighter
1435:Victims of aircraft shootdowns
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742:محمد وطني (November 1, 2012).
603:Салах Бувазир (Люди и события)
211:Libyan Minister of Information
1:
1308:Government of National Accord
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276:
1336:Government of National Unity
493:Federation of Arab Republics
395:, he sent a letter to Queen
370:In terms of foreign policy,
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16:Libyan statesman (1925-1973)
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1445:Libyan expatriates in Egypt
436:, then known as Abu Ammar,
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1420:Al-Azhar University alumni
268:over the Sinai Peninsula.
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1137:Mansour Rashid El-Kikhia
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781:, 25 сентября 1969 года.
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478:Mahmud Suleiman Maghribi
1395:Libyan political people
1197:Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi
777:«Резкое осуждение». //
768:, 9 сентября 1969 года.
466:1969 Libyan coup d'état
257:1969 Libyan coup d'état
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1207:Omar Mustafa Muntasser
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1011:Abdul Salam al-Buseiri
998:
834:eng-archive.aawsat.com
794:, 11 ноября 1969 года.
746:(in Arabic). ahram.org
646:"وجوه مشرقة من بنغازى"
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1101:Libyan Arab Republic
1041:Abdul Qadir al-Allam
1440:Mass murder victims
1222:Abdul Ati al-Obeidi
1182:Abdul Ati al-Obeidi
1142:Abdul Monem el Huni
313:A young Salah Busir
115:Al-Azhar University
93:Cause of death
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303:Al-Azhar al-Sharif
241:Salah Masoud Busir
97:Airliner Shootdown
25:Salah Masoud Busir
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1288:Mohamed Abdelaziz
1260:Mohamed Abdelaziz
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1026:Abdulmegid Coobar
1016:Mustafa Ben Halim
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301:where he entered
249:صالح مسعود بويصير
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76:(aged 47–48)
72:February 21, 1973
32:صالح مسعود بويصير
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1001:Mahmud Muntasser
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183:Succeeded by
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74:(1973-02-21)
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1405:1973 deaths
1400:1925 births
1311:(2016–2021)
1235:(2011–2013)
1217:Mussa Kussa
1162:(1977–2011)
1127:Salah Busir
1104:(1969–1977)
986:(1951–1969)
840:February 7,
505:plane crash
171:Preceded by
103:Nationality
1389:Categories
536:References
464:After the
372:King Idris
277:Early life
1187:Ali Treki
1177:Ali Treki
1147:Ali Treki
1021:Ali Sahli
884:(1987).
472:, led by
442:Jerusalem
272:Biography
218:In office
160:President
151:In office
111:Education
58:Cyrenaica
862:March 2,
792:Известия
779:Известия
750:March 2,
720:March 2,
652:March 2,
283:Benghazi
81:Ismailia
54:Benghazi
1373:Commons
450:Lebanon
406:Tunisia
87:, Egypt
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766:Правда
515:Family
452:, and
446:Jordan
365:الدفاع
361:Arabic
345:Arabic
328:Arabic
324:بنغازي
320:Arabic
245:Arabic
106:Libyan
1350:Libya
1322:Libya
1284:Libya
1246:Libya
1232:Libya
975:Libya
808:Ливия
528:Notes
499:Death
454:Syria
430:Fatah
419:Ghana
299:Cairo
85:Sinai
79:Near
890:ISBN
864:2015
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69:Died
50:1925
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