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Occasionally, Salus has a tall staff in her left hand with a snake twined around it; sometimes her right hand raises a smaller female figure. Later, Salus is shown standing, feeding her snake. This became the most common pose: she is standing and grasping the wriggling snake firmly under her arm,
542:
directing it to the food she holds out on a dish in her other hand. Rarely, Salus is holding a steering oar in her left hand indicating her role in guiding the emperor through a healthy life. This really belongs to
538:
Sometimes her hand is open and empty, making a gesture. Sometimes the snake directs its gaze along with hers. Sometimes there is no altar; the snake is coiled around the arm of her throne instead.
1810:
507:
in its last line (seventeen). Scholars agree that this line is a later addition of uncertain date. In other inscriptions, Salus is never connected to
Semonia.
421:. She is first known to be associated with the snake of Aesculapius from a coin of 55 BC minted by M. Acilius. Her festival was celebrated on March 30.
398:, held every year on August 5 for the preservation of the Roman state. Her cult was spread over all Italy. Literary sources record relationships with
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1815:
1863:
454:) were very close to each other on the Quirinal (see above). Some scholars also claim some inscriptions to Sancus have been found on the
1559:
971:
484:
of the person who happened to utter their name. These deities were connected to the ancient agrarian cults of the valley of the
329:
goddess of safety and well-being (welfare, health and prosperity) of both the individual and the state. She is sometimes
1827:
290:
272:
217:
156:
59:
406:. She started to be increasingly associated with Valetudo, the Goddess of Personal Health and the romanized name of
137:
109:
1621:
184:
94:
458:. Moreover, Salus is the first in the series of deities mentioned by Macrobius as related in their sacrality:
612:
116:
964:
681:
384:
588:
Adams (J.N.) and
Iasucthan (M. Porcius): "The Poets of Bu Njem: Language, Culture and the Centurionate",
394:
The high antiquity and importance of the cult of Salus is testified by the little-known ceremony of the
1492:
1466:
123:
941:
578:
René Rebuffat: "Le poème de Q.Avidius
Quintianus à la Déesse Salus", Karthago XXI, 1986–7, pp 95– 105.
1626:
1461:
413:
Later Salus also become a protector of personal health. Around 180 BCE sacrificial rites in honor of
1741:
1720:
1710:
1117:
980:
417:, Aesculapius, and Salus took place (Livius XL, 37). There was a statue to Salus in the temple of
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957:
83:
1858:
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90:
45:
20:
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1325:
1244:
992:
418:
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1395:
1239:
1012:
476:
330:
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1990 80.2. p. 19 and n.21 citing M. A. Cavallaro "Un liberto 'prega' per
Augusto e per le
303:
199:
8:
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1611:
1497:
1471:
1330:
1179:
1169:
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531:(shallow dish used in religious ceremonies) to feed a snake which is coiled round an
1715:
1446:
1365:
1305:
1164:
1142:
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A marble statuette of Salus made during the Roman
Imperial Period (c. 69–192 A.D.)
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1832:
1751:
1746:
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527:), leaning her elbow on the arm of her throne. Often, her right hand holds out a
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The Limes
Numidiae et Tripolitanus Under the Emperor Septimius Severus AD193-211
565:(IRT), eds. J.M. Reynolds and Ward Perkins, Rome & London 1952, nos 918–919.
1689:
1578:
1441:
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864:; cf. R. E. A.Palmer: "Studies of the Northern Campus Martius in Ancient Rome"
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Salus is one of the oldest Roman goddesses: she has also been referred to as
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1674:
1636:
1533:
1082:
1022:
380:
326:
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585:, Unpublished PhD dissertation, Vienna University- Austria 2003, pp 76–79.
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Salus was often shown seated with her legs crossed (a common position for
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308:
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who is attested to only in one inscription of year 1 A.D., mentioning a
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51:
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The two deities were related in several ways. Their shrines (
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1380:
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444:
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535:. The snake is reared up and dips its head to the patera.
1189:
979:
620:, a goddess of health worshiped in East Central Gaul
195:
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may be too technical for most readers to understand
97:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
945:. Vol. XXI (9th ed.). 1886. p. 235.
866:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
1850:
872:: CIL VI 30975 (con inediti di Th. Mommsen)" in
694:Köhler 1965, citing Valerius Maximum VIII 14, 6.
337:, though their functions differ considerably.
965:
325:, "safety", "salvation", "welfare") was the
716:Köhler 1965 citing inscriptions from Orte (
364:respectively, two adjacent hilltops of the
356:). The two gods had temples in Rome on the
60:Learn how and when to remove these messages
972:
958:
198:. Please do not remove this message until
559:Roma Istituto Treccani 1965 (online) s.v.
291:Learn how and when to remove this message
273:Learn how and when to remove this message
257:, without removing the technical details.
218:Learn how and when to remove this message
157:Learn how and when to remove this message
888:from a slab of an altar from Praeneste;
514:
428:
302:
194:Relevant discussion may be found on the
645:4th ed. London & New York 2012 s.v.
1851:
563:The Inscriptions of Roman Tripolitania
16:Roman goddess of safety and well-being
953:
255:make it understandable to non-experts
862:Salus Semonia posuit populi Victoria
846:Aus der altrömischen Priesterbüchern
229:
168:
95:adding citations to reliable sources
66:
25:
1864:Personifications in Roman mythology
908:from the sacred grove of Pisaurum;
819:Paris 1974, I. Chirassi Colombo in
787:Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics
480:, who required the observance of a
424:
307:3rd-century statue of Salus in the
13:
1408:
844:Munich 1912 p. 139 ff.; E. Norden
379:, was voted in 304 BC, during the
14:
1875:
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654:Köhler 1965, citing CIL VI 30975.
510:
41:This article has multiple issues.
639:Etymological Dictionary of Latin
234:
173:
71:
30:
879:
855:
848:Lund 1939 p. 205 ff.; K. Latte
830:
809:
796:
779:
766:
757:
750:Köhler 1965, who cites Plautus
737:Köhler 1965, who cites Plautus
643:The Oxford Classical Dictionary
571:: "Les Centurions du Gholaia",
549:
82:needs additional citations for
49:or discuss these issues on the
842:Religion und Kultus der Roemer
744:
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557:Enciclopedia dell' Arte Antica
1:
876:15-16 (1975-1976) pp 146-186.
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613:Salus populi suprema lex esto
609:, the Greek goddess of health
590:The Journal of Roman Studies
433:Salus, seated and holding a
385:Gaius Junius Bubulcus Brutus
7:
600:
377:Salus Publica Populi Romani
200:conditions to do so are met
10:
1880:
1467:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
1406:
703:Köhler 1965, citing Tacit
592:(JRS), Vol. 89 (1999), pp.
375:. The temple of Salus, as
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892:on a pitcher from Horta;
1721:Rape of the Sabine Women
850:Rom. Religionsgeschichte
488:that remain mysterious.
1726:Battle of Lacus Curtius
942:Encyclopædia Britannica
823:1981 p.405; Tertullian
575:II (1984), pp 233– 238.
499:write of a deity named
437:(libation bowl), on an
1413:
981:Ancient Roman religion
581:Omran (Ragab Salaam):
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322:
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21:Salus (disambiguation)
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852:Munich 1960 p. 49-51.
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432:
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1606:Interpretatio graeca
724:3, 192) and Pompei (
676:Köhler 1965, citing
495:, Eduard Norden and
91:improve this article
19:For other uses, see
1806:Classical mythology
1627:Theology of victory
1472:Kings of Alba Longa
900:from Bagnacavallo;
785:Jesse B. Carter in
389:Gaius Fabius Pictor
187:of this article is
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722:Alt lat. Inschrit.
641:Leyden 2010 s.v.;
521:
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333:the Greek goddess
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1823:Etruscan religion
1437:Romulus and Remus
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1284:Abstract deities
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425:Salus and Sancus
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936:"Salus"
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1816:Persecution
1768:Gallo-Roman
1560:Res divinae
1432:Rhea Silvia
886:Ara Salutus
836:G. Wissowa
815:G. Dumezil
637:M. De Vaan
373:Alta Semita
354:Dius Fidius
309:Getty Villa
1853:Categories
1761:Variations
1663:Philosophy
1642:Capitolium
1549:Propertius
1316:Averruncus
1301:Aeternitas
1291:Abundantia
1220:Proserpina
914:Ferentinum
804:Saturnalia
802:Macrobius
625:References
497:Kurt Latte
263:April 2022
185:neutrality
147:April 2013
117:newspapers
46:improve it
1788:Mithraism
1773:Mysteries
1622:Palladium
1600:Festivals
1376:Securitas
1326:Concordia
1270:Vertumnus
1088:Dīs Pater
985:mythology
894:Salus Maa
525:Securitas
419:Concordia
196:talk page
52:talk page
1828:Glossary
1799:See also
1695:Stoicism
1670:Cynicism
1632:Pomerium
1591:Concepts
1573:Apuleius
1493:She-wolf
1477:Hersilia
1396:Victoria
1296:Aequitas
1250:Summanus
1240:Silvanus
1225:Quirinus
1155:Libertas
1118:Hercules
1063:Cloacina
1048:Carmenta
1043:Bona Dea
1018:Angerona
1013:Agenoria
601:See also
596:109–134.
477:Tutilina
366:Quirinal
362:Mucialis
189:disputed
1811:Decline
1735:Objects
1637:Temples
1617:Charity
1351:Laverna
1341:Fortuna
1331:Feronia
1260:Veritas
1230:Salacia
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1180:Neptune
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874:Helikon
827:VIII 3.
707:XII 23.
705:Annales
607:Hygieia
544:Fortuna
472:Segetia
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408:Hygieia
400:Fortuna
346:Semones
335:Hygieia
249:Please
131:scholar
106:"Salus"
1778:Cybele
1704:Events
1652:Celtic
1520:Aeneid
1514:Virgil
1427:Aeneas
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1346:Fontus
1321:Caelus
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1306:Africa
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452:aedes
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315:Salus
138:JSTOR
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1528:Ovid
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445:Nero
404:Spes
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182:The
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