1400:
1715:(arranged when she was 15 without her having ever met him), whom he later divorced, Abdullah had four daughters: Sahar, Maha, Hala and Jawahir. They have been under house arrest for several years, and are not allowed to leave the country. After media releases in March 2014, Sahar and Jawahir received no food or clean water for 25 days, lost 10 kg each and their mother carried out weekly protests in front of the Saudi Arabian embassy in London. They spoke and released a video while under house arrest, pleading for help from the international community. After 2014, media reports of their condition dried up. Princess Hala died on 30 September 2021 at age 47, and there was no mention about the cause of her death. Funeral prayer for her was performed after evening prayers at the Grand Mosque in Mecca.
6783:
777:
75:
1517:, a body that is composed of the sons and grandsons of Saudi Arabia's founder, King Abdulaziz, to vote by a secret ballot to choose future kings and crown princes. The council's mandate was not to have started until after the reigns of both Abdullah and Prince Sultan were over. It was not clear what was to happen when Prince Sultan died before the end of Abdullah's reign, leaving a question as to whether the council would vote for a new crown prince, or whether Prince Nayef would automatically fill that position. Despite such concerns, Prince Nayef was appointed Crown Prince on 27 October 2011 after consultation with the Allegiance Council by Abdullah.
1019:
1268:(ISIL), he issued a statement, "From the cradle of revelation and the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, I call on leaders and scholars of the Islamic nation to carry out their duty towards God Almighty, and to stand in the face of those trying to hijack Islam and present it to the world as a religion of extremism, hatred, and terrorism, and to speak the word of truth, and not fear anybody. Our nation today is passing through a critical, historic stage, and history will be witness against those who have been the tool exploited by the enemies to disperse and tear the nation and tarnish the pure image of Islam".
1077:
1152:—in the third axis of the fourth meeting, titled "With Whom We Talk," presented by Sheikh Badrul Hasan Al Qasimi. The session was chaired by Ezz Eddin Ibrahim, cultural adviser to the president of the United Arab Emirates. The session also discussed a paper presented on coordination among Islamic institutions on Dialogue by Abdullah bin Omar Nassif, Secretary General of the World Islamic Council for Preaching and Relief and a paper on dialogue with divine messages, presented by Professor Mohammed Sammak—Secretary General of the Islamic Spiritual Summit in Lebanon.
1087:
disqualified on grounds of gender discrimination. The public participation of women in sport was still fiercely opposed by many Saudi religious conservatives. There had been almost no public tradition of women participating in sport in the country. Saudi officials said that, if successful in qualifying, female competitors would be dressed "to preserve their dignity". On 11 January 2013, Abdullah appointed thirty women to the
Consultative Assembly or Shura Council and modified the related law to mandate that no less than 20 percent of 150 members would be women.
6657:
924:"God Almighty, in His wisdom, tests the faithful by allowing such calamities to happen. But He, in His mercy, also provides us with the will and determination, generated by faith, to enable us to transform such tragedies into great achievements, and crises that seem debilitating are transformed into opportunities for the advancement of humanity. I only hope that, with your cooperation and leadership, a new world will emerge out of the rubble of the World Trade Center: a world that is blessed by the virtues of freedom, peace, prosperity and harmony."
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1594:. They divorced later. Another wife, Sultana bint Abdulaziz bin Ahmed, was from the Al Sudairi clan. King Abdullah also married Jawahir bint Ali Hussein from the Al Jiluwi clan, with whom he had two children, Princess Anoud and Prince Saud. Tathi bint Mishan Al Faisal Al Jarba gave birth to another six of his children, including Prince Mishaal, Prince Turki, and Princess Oraib. Another wife was Malka bint Saud bin Zaid Al Jarba Al Choumri, and they had three children: Prince Saad, Princess Sahab and
1015:(the country's new flagship and controversially co-ed institution for advanced scientific research). Abdullah invested in educating the workforce for future jobs. The Saudi government also encouraged the development of non-hydrocarbon sectors in which the Kingdom had a comparative advantage, including mining, solar energy, and religious tourism. The Kingdom's 2010 budget reflected these priorities—about 25 percent was devoted to education alone—and amounts to a significant economic stimulus package.
1116:
1543:
6414:
1073:. Abdullah had appointed Humain in 2009 to head the "mutaween," which ensures the strict application of the country's ultra-conservative version of Islam, as a step towards reforming it. Humain hired consultants to restructure the organisation, met local human rights groups and consulted professional image-builders in a broad public relations campaign. Under his leadership the commission also investigated and punished some "out-of-control" officers for misbehaviour.
851:
808:
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1049:, Abdullah laid down a $ 37 billion (€32.8 billion) programme of new spending including new jobless benefits, education and housing subsidies, debt write-offs, and a new sports channel. There was also a pledge to spend a total of $ 400 billion by the end of 2014 to improve education, health care and the kingdom's infrastructure. However, Saudi police arrested 100 Shiite protesters who complained of government discrimination. Later during the
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1242:
tremendously and that friendship could be a difficult issue that requires work, but that the United States and Saudi Arabia had done it for 70 years over three generations. "Our disagreements don't cut to the bone", he stated. He was the leading gift-giver to the US president and his office in his first two years in office, his gifts totaling more than $ 300,000. A ruby and diamond jewelry set, given by the king and accepted by First Lady
1205:
1760:, on or before 4 September 2012, following a heart attack. However, there was no official report on this alleged operation—instead, it was announced that the King went on a private trip to Morocco, where he was known to frequent. He returned to Saudi Arabia from Morocco on 24 September. Nearly two months later, in November 2012, Abdullah underwent another back surgery in Riyadh and left hospital on 13 December 2012.
1467:, which mandates the amputation of hands as a punishment for theft and floggings for crimes like drunkenness. Execution by public beheading is common for murder, rape, drug trafficking and witchcraft, and Abdullah's policies towards the rights of women have also been criticized. In a slight rebuff to accusations of human rights violations, Saudi inmates of
830:, supported the appointment of their own full brother, Sultan. Abdullah was pressured to cede control of SANG in return for his appointment as second deputy prime minister. In August 1977, this generated a debate among hundreds of princes in Riyadh. Abdullah did not relinquish authority of SANG in that he feared that this would weaken his authority.
863:
large number of fringe and marginalized princes discontented with the prospect of the succession being passed among the
Sudairi brothers one after the other. His control of the National Guard was also a key factor to his success in becoming crown prince. When King Fahd was incapacitated by a major stroke in 1995, Crown Prince Abdullah acted as
1525:. Abdullah is credited with building up the once largely ceremonial unit into a modern 260,000-strong force that is a counterweight to the army. The Guard, which was Abdullah's original power base, protects the royal family. This was suggested as an apparent sign that the elderly monarch was beginning to lessen some of his duties.
980:
70,000 young Saudis studied abroad in more than 25 countries, with the United States, England, and
Australia as top three destinations aimed for by the students. There are more than 22,000 Saudi students studying in the United States, exceeding pre-9/11 levels. Public health engagement included breast cancer awareness and
1319:-like organizations in African countries, observing that the Iranians didn't think they were doing anything wrong and didn't recognize their mistakes. He said that the Iranians "launch missiles with the hope of putting fear in people and the world". The King described his conversation with Iranian foreign minister
1086:
In July 2012, Saudi Arabia announced that it would allow its women athletes to compete in the
Olympics for the first time and that the country's Olympic Committee would "oversee participation of women athletes who can qualify". The decision ended speculation that the entire Saudi team might have been
1030:
The Saudi government's response to homegrown terrorism was a series of crackdowns including raids by security forces, arrests, torture and public beheadings. He vowed to fight terrorist ideologies within the country. He also made the protection of Saudi Arabia's critical infrastructure a top security
862:
On 13 June 1982 King Khalid died, and Fahd bin
Abdulaziz became King. Abdullah became Crown Prince the same day who also maintained his position as head of the National Guard. During his years as crown prince, Abdullah bin Abdulaziz was described as a supporter of accommodation. He managed to group a
833:
In March 1979 when Crown Prince Fahd left Saudi Arabia and stayed in Europe for a long time Prince
Abdullah presided over the council of ministers and held a much more active role in diplomatic affairs of Saudi Arabia. During the same period he was one of the members of the inner family council which
4209:
1727:
From 2010 to 2012 Abdullah had four back surgeries. The first two surgeries were in New York, one in 2010 for a slipped disk and a blood clot pressing on nerves in his back and a second to stabilize vertebrae in 2011. The third surgery was in Riyadh in 2011, and the last one was also in Riyadh on 17
1195:
Abdullah called for the establishment of an Arab common market in
January 2011. Saudi foreign minister, Saud bin Faisal, stated that the Arab Customs Union would be ready by 2015, and that by 2017 the common market would also be in place. There have been intensive efforts to link Arab countries with
1010:
Abdullah brought about a top-to-bottom restructuring of the country's courts to introduce, among other things, review of judicial decisions and more professional training for Shari'a judges. He developed a new investment promotion agency to overhaul the once-convoluted process of starting a business
1533:
Abdullah was
Commander of the Saudi National Guard from 1963 to 2010. He was Chairman of the Saudi Supreme Economic Council until 2009. He also continued to be the President of the High Council for Petroleum and Minerals, President of the King Abdulaziz Center For National Dialogue, Chairman of the
1379:
Since
Abdullah's visit to Beijing in January 2006, Saudi-Chinese relations have focused predominantly on energy and trade. The king's visit was the first by a Saudi head of state to China since the two countries established diplomatic ties in 1990. Bilateral trade with China has more than tripled,
1334:
He told
General Jones that Iranian internal turmoil presented an opportunity to weaken the regime—which he encouraged—but he also urged that this be done covertly, stressing that public statements in support of the reformers were counterproductive. The King assessed that sanctions could help weaken
1255:
The Bush administration ignored advice from him and Saudi foreign minister Saud Al Faisal against invading Iraq. However, other sources said that many Arab governments were only nominally opposed to the Iraq invasion because of popular hostility. Before becoming king, Prince Abdullah was thought to
1233:
celebrations at the United Nations in New York City. In April 2002, Crown Prince Abdullah made a state visit to the United States with President George W. Bush and he returned again in April 2005 with Bush. In April 2009, at a summit for world leaders President Barack Obama met with Abdullah, while
1241:
Abdullah showed great support for Obama's presidency. "Thank God for bringing Obama to the presidency", he said, adding that Obama's election created "great hope" in the Muslim world. He stated, "We (the US and Saudi Arabia) spilled blood together" in Kuwait and Iraq, that Saudi Arabia valued this
1095:
as well as physical abuse. It also includes a provision obliging employees to report instances of abuse in the workplace to their employer. The move followed a Twitter campaign. The new laws were welcomed by Saudi women's rights activists, although some expressed concerns that the law could not be
1090:
In August 2013, the Saudi cabinet, for the first time, approved a law making domestic violence a criminal offence. The law calls for a punishment of up to a year in prison and a fine of up to 50,000 riyals (€11,500/US$ 13,000). The maximum punishments could be doubled for repeat offenders. The law
873:
On 4 June 2000, the Al Saud Family Council was established by Crown Prince Abdullah to discuss some private issues, including the business activities of House of Saud members and the marriages of princesses to nonroyals. In May 2001 he did not accept an invitation to visit Washington due to the US
1440:
In December 2011, Abdullah called on leaders of the Gulf Cooperation Council to strengthen their alliance into a united "single entity" as they confront threats to national security. "I ask you today to move from a stage of cooperation to a stage of union in a single entity", Abdullah said at the
1291:
with a letter asking for Abdullah's agreement to establish a formal back channel of communication between the two leaders. Abdullah said he had agreed, and the channel was established, with Velayati and Saud Al Faisal as the points of contact. In the ensuing years, the King noted, the channel had
1256:
be completely against the US invasion of Iraq; this, however, was not the case. Riyadh provided essential support to the United States during the war and proved that "necessity does lead to some accommodations from time to time". The King expressed a complete lack of trust in Iraqi Prime Minister
979:
In 2005, Abdullah implemented a government scholarship program to send young Saudi men and women abroad for undergraduate and postgraduate studies in different universities around the world. The program offered funds for tuition and living expenses up to four years. It is estimated that more than
1723:
The King had curtailed his activities from June 2010 with no clear explanation. Diplomats said there had been uncertainty about the extent of his health problems since Abdullah canceled a visit to France. In a television appearance in which he was seen to use a cane, Abdullah said he was in good
731:
Abdullah is said to have been born on 1 August 1924 in Riyadh. However, some sources state that this date is incorrect, and that he was approximately eight years older. He was the tenth son of King Abdulaziz. His mother, Fahda bint Asi Al Shuraim, was a member of the Al Rashid dynasty, longtime
1509:
was his half-brother Crown Prince Sultan until the latter's death on 22 October 2011. The title of Crown Prince then passed to Prince Sultan's full-brother, Nayef, until his death in Geneva, Switzerland, on 16 June 2012, while undergoing medical tests for an undisclosed ailment. His third heir
825:
appointed Abdullah as second deputy prime minister on 29 March 1975 just four days after his kingship which was a reflection of his status as second in the line of succession to the Saudi throne. Therefore, he became the number three in the Saudi administration. However, his appointment caused
1638:
In October 2015, King Abdullah's son Prince Majid was arrested in Los Angeles on suspicion of "forcing oral copulation", amid allegations that he had been unlawfully imprisoning, threatening, sexually harassing, and assaulting employees while under the influence of cocaine and alcohol. He was
1610:
Abdullah had thirty-six children, sixteen of whom are male. His eldest son, Mutaib, died at a young age. His second eldest son, Prince Khalid, was deputy commander of the Saudi Arabian National Guard West until 1992. His third son, Prince Mutaib, is former commander and former minister of the
1159:
to "promote dialogue among civilizations, cultures and peoples, as well as activities related to a culture of peace" and calling for "concrete action at the global, regional and subregional levels." It brought together Muslim and non-Muslim nations to eradicate preconceptions as to Islam and
1490:
On 30 October 2007, during a state visit to the UK, Abdullah was accused by protestors of being a "murderer" and a "torturer". Concerns were raised about the treatment of women and homosexuals by the Saudi kingdom and over alleged bribes involving arms deals between Saudi Arabia and the UK.
1068:
In January 2012, Abdullah dismissed the head of Saudi Arabia's powerful religious police, replacing him with a more moderate cleric, state news agency SPA reported, without giving reasons. Abdullatif Abdel Aziz al-Sheikh was named, in place of Sheikh Abdulaziz al Humain, to head the
947:. In the summer of 2003, Abdullah threw his considerable weight behind the creation of a national dialogue that brought leading religious figures together, including a highly publicized meeting attended by the kingdom's preeminent Shi'i scholar Hasan al-Saffar, as well as a group of
4456:
1655:, who served as minister of education. She is one of the few Saudi princesses with a semi-public role, and is a known advocate of a woman's right to drive. She was also known as "her father's public face". On 6 June 2011, Abdullah's daughter Princess Sahab (born 1993) married
1132:
dialogue. In the same month, Saudi Arabia and Spain agreed to hold the interfaith dialogue in Spain. The historic conference finally took place in Madrid in July 2008, wherein religious leaders of different faiths participated, and which later led to the 2010 proclamation of
1391:, to China to gain its support regarding Saudi Arabia's attitude towards the Arab Spring. In turn, lucrative arms contracts were secretly offered to China by the Kingdom. Furthermore, Abdullah believed that China as well as India were the future markets for Saudi energy.
667:
During his reign, Abdullah maintained close relations with the United States and the United Kingdom and bought billions of dollars worth of defense equipment from both states. He also gave women the right to vote for municipal councils and to compete in the
1031:
priority. His strategy against terrorism was two-pronged: he attacked the roots of the extremism that fed Al-Qaida through education and judicial reforms to weaken the influence of the most reactionary elements of Saudi Arabia's religious establishment.
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faith in Saudi Arabia. Two letters were sent in November 2006 and February 2007 asking him to remove the travel ban on critics of the Saudi government. Human Rights Watch has not yet indicated whether they have received any response to these letters.
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of the country, 23 September, would be a public holiday in an attempt to reduce the influence of religious figures and some social restrictions. It was criticized by the religious figures who argued that such celebration was not part of Islam.
1821:
in his youth. His stables were considered the largest in Saudi Arabia, with over 1,000 horses spread throughout five divisions led by his son Prince Mutaib. The King also owned Janadria Farm, a large complex located in the suburbs of Riyadh.
893:
woman. “This is it. Those bastards!" Abdullah yelled over the phone, according to an account that Bandar has given associates. “Even women they're stepping all over them." Later, he also condemned Israel for attacking families of suspects.
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1212:
Abdullah had long been pro-American and a longtime close ally of the United States. In October 1976, as Prince Abdullah was being trained for greater responsibility in Riyadh, he was sent to the United States to meet with President
3053:
1127:
In June 2008, Abdullah held a conference in Mecca to urge Muslim leaders to speak with one voice with Jewish and Christian leaders. He discussed with, and obtained approval from, Saudi and non-Saudi Islamic scholars to hold the
1433:. They met in Damascus on 7 October 2009. In addition, Assad attended the opening of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology in October 2009. Relations between Syria and Saudi Arabia deteriorated as a result of the
1639:
released on bail, and felony charges were dropped for lack of evidence; a civil suit filed by three housekeepers continued. Another son, Mohammed, is married to Nouf bint Nayef, a daughter of Prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz and
1520:
In November 2010, Prince Nayef chaired a cabinet meeting because of the deterioration of the King's health. During the same month, Abdullah transferred his duties as Commander of the Saudi National Guard to his son Prince
1809:
estimated the documentable wealth of King Abdullah and his immediate family at US$ 21 billion, making him one of the world's richest monarchs. One estimate places his wealth at US$ 18 billion, making him the
1246:
on behalf of the United States, was worth $ 132,000. However, according to US federal law, gifts of such nature and value are accepted "on behalf of the United States" and are considered property of the US government.
1042:. Similar decrees since 2005 were previously seldom enforced. Individual fatwas relating to personal matters were exempt from the royal decree. The decree also instructed the Grand Mufti to identify eligible scholars.
4280:
5076:
3642:
1704:, a member of the Al Kabir branch of Al Saud, is married to a daughter of King Abdullah, Oraib, who is the full sister of Turki bin Abdullah. Another daughter, Seeta, was married to Faisal bin Thamir, a son of
7408:
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Abdullah mostly married women who had tribal backgrounds. He had 36 children with about 30 different spouses. His wives, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren have been subject to travel bans since 2017.
932:
carried out a series of bombings that threatened to destabilize the country, Crown Prince Abdullah, together with other decision-making elites began to deal with political concerns. As Toby Jones wrote in
4225:
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1260:
and held out little hope for improved Saudi-Iraqi relations as long as Al Maliki remained in office. Abdullah told an Iraqi official about Al Maliki, "You and Iraq are in my heart, but that man is not."
1384:
refinery. Based on a WikiLeaks cable, the King told the Chinese that it was willing to effectively trade a guaranteed oil supply in return for Chinese pressure on Iran not to develop nuclear weapons.
3159:
1367:
to be tracked using an implanted microchip, in a way similar to race horses. The King made the private suggestion during a meeting in Riyadh in March 2009 with White House counterterrorism adviser,
688:
at will from Pakistan during Abdullah's reign due to the close relations between the two countries. Abdullah had a longstanding relationship with Pakistan, and brokered a compromise between General
1724:
health but had something "bothering" him. In a visit by US diplomats to Saudi Arabia in April 2014, he was seen connected to breathing tubes during talks, indicating increasing health problems.
3583:
8873:
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799:, became a modern armed force under his command. Beginning 1985, SANG also sponsored the Janadiriyah festival that institutionalized traditional folk dances, camel races and tribal heritage.
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1327:
affairs, Mottaki apparently protested that "these are Muslims". "No, Arabs", countered the King. "You as Persians have no business meddling in Arab matters". Abdullah said he would favor
943:
One of such moves was his project to promote more tolerance for religious diversity and rein in the forces of politico-religious extremism in the kingdom, leading to the establishment of
5305:
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after a blood clot complicated a slipped disc and underwent successful back surgery. The lead surgeon was Muhammad Zaka, who probably removed the herniated disk and performed a
1459:
rated King Fahd and Crown Prince Abdullah as the second worst dictators in the world. Most of this criticism stems from the fact that most of Saudi citizens live under a strict
5040:
4288:
1070:
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889:, to return to Washington from Aspen to deliver a message. This reportedly occurred after Crown Prince Abdullah witnessed brutality inflicted by an Israeli soldier upon a
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and was told to rest by doctors. To maintain the Kingdom's stability, Crown Prince Sultan returned from Morocco during the King's absence. The King was admitted to
1422:, under conditions of no further political involvement. According to leaked cables, Abdullah was more receptive than Crown Prince Sultan to former Yemeni President
1743:. He subsequently had another successful surgery in which surgeons "stabilized a number of vertebras". He left the hospital on 22 December 2010 and convalesced at
4229:
3167:
9411:
1347:, sent 1,200 troops to Bahrain to protect industrial facilities, resulting in strained relations with the United States. The military personnel were part of the
1179:
in Vienna was signed between the governments of Austria, Spain, and Saudi Arabia. The official opening of the centre was in November 2012, with foreign minister
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opening session of a GCC meeting in Riyadh in comments aired on Saudi state television. "No doubt, you all know we are targeted in our security and stability".
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Abdullah implemented many reform measures. He re-shuffled the ministry of education's leadership in February 2009 by bringing in his pro-reform son-in-law,
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2020:
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implemented successfully without new training for the judiciary, and that the tradition of male guardianship would remain an obstacle to prosecutions.
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878:. He also appeared more eager than King Fahd to cut government spending and open Saudi Arabia up economically. He pushed for Saudi membership of the
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In November 2010, Abdullah's back problems came to light in the media. He had an "accumulation of blood" around the spinal cord. He suffered from a
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1061:, a first significant reform step in the country since the protests. He also stated that women would become eligible to take part in the unelected
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and China would soon be Saudi Arabia's largest importer. Saudi Arabia also committed significant investments in China, including the $ 8 billion
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King Abdullah's advanced age—a leaked U.S. cable placed him at ninety-six, much older than the previously estimated eighty-eight or eighty-nine
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Abdullah has also been criticized for his policies on religious freedom and the Saudi government allegedly has arrested Shiite pilgrims on the
1410:
Abdullah visited Turkey in August 2006 being the first Saudi king who paid an official visit there. In November 2009, Abdullah was received by
31:
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named him as the seventh-most-powerful figure in its list of the "World's Most Powerful People" for 2012, being the sole Arab in the top ten.
656:, a post he was still holding when he became king. He also served as deputy defense minister and was named crown prince when his half-brother
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In April 2012, he was awarded by the United Nations a gold medal for his contributions to intercultural understanding and peace initiatives.
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Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud’s statement to the Arab and Islamic Nations and the International Community
3501:
1825:
For holidays, the King maintained a large palace complex with several residential compounds in Casablanca, Morocco. It is equipped with two
1112:, being first Saudi monarch to do so. In March 2008, he called for a "brotherly and sincere dialogue between believers from all religions".
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and died on 23 January at the age of 90. In accordance with Islamic tradition, his funeral was held the same day, a public ceremony at the
1148:. The Mecca conference discussed a paper on dialogue with monotheists—highlighting the monotheistic religions of southeast Asia, including
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between 2013 and 2015. Prince Abdulaziz was the King's former Syria adviser and was deputy foreign affairs minister from 2011 to 2015.
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1437:. In August 2011, Abdullah recalled the Saudi Ambassador from Damascus due to the political unrest in Syria and closed its embassy.
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as "a heated exchange, frankly discussing Iran's interference in Arab affairs". When challenged by the King on Iranian meddling in
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1998:
1371:. Brennan replied that "horses don't have good lawyers" and that such a proposal would "face legal hurdles" in the United States.
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Abdullah received a number of international high orders. Most notably, he was an honored knight of the strictly Roman Catholic
1694:, who was accused of murdering his servant Bandar Abdulaziz in London in 2010. His daughter Hayfa was featured on the cover of
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had with Saudi Arabia was not evident with Sarkozy. In January 2011, the Kingdom granted asylum to the ousted Tunisian leader,
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as crown prince. According to various reports, Abdullah married up to 30 times and had more than 35 children. He was among the
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in New York City. On 22 January 2011, he left the United States for Morocco, and returned to the Kingdom on 23 February 2011.
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In 2012, Abdullah was named as the most influential Muslim among 500 Muslims for the previous four years. In December 2012,
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Munira bint Abdullah Al Sheikh was the mother of King Abdullah's eldest living son, Prince Khaled. One of Abdullah's wives,
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1775:. Three days of national mourning were declared, in which flags would fly at half-mast. Flags were also flown half-mast at
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Abdullah succeeded to the throne upon the death of his half-brother King Fahd. He was formally enthroned on 2 August 2005.
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4669:"Young Entrepreneur Prince Sultan bin Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud is Looking to Establish Peace in the Middle East"
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P. R. Kumaraswamy; Md. Muddassir Quamar (2016). "More effective as regent than as monarch: Abdullah's reform legacy".
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He donated $ 10 billion to the endowment fund of the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology in May 2008.
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apparent was his half-brother Salman, who was named as crown prince on 18 June 2012, and would succeed him in 2015.
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a railway system and an electricity power grid. Work on the power grid project has started in some Arab countries.
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was led by King Khalid and included Abdullah's half-brothers Prince Mohammed, Crown Prince Fahd, Prince Sultan and
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5248:""This Plane is not Going to Land in Cairo": Saudi Prince Sultan Boarded a Flight in Paris. Then, He Disappeared"
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from 2014 to 2015). His youngest son, Prince Bandar, was born in 1999, when Abdullah was about 75 years old.
1598:. Haifa Al Muhanna was the mother of Abdullah's youngest child, Prince Bandar. A prominent wife of the King,
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in Saudi Arabia and created a regulatory body for capital markets. He also promoted the construction of the
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One of Abdullah's daughters, Noura, died in 1990 in a car accident near Riyadh airport. She was married to
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1311:, "recalled the King's frequent exhortations to the US to attack Iran" and to put an end to that country's
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648:. Abdullah held important political posts throughout most of his adult life. In 1961 he became mayor of
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3888:"Turkey's relations with Egypt and Saudi Arabia: From hopes of cooperation to the reality of conflict"
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In August 2010, Abdullah decreed that only officially approved religious scholars associated with the
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3554:"WikiLeaks: Saudi King Abdullah Encouraged U.S. to Attack Iran; Chinese Politburo Hacked into Google"
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friction in the House of Saud. Then-Crown Prince Fahd, together with his full-brothers, known as the
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Abdullah had never previously made overtures for dialogue with eastern religious leaders, such as
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1217:. He again traveled to the United States as Crown Prince in October 1987, meeting Vice President
1035:
901:, commonly referred to as the "Abdullah plan", to achieve a mutually agreed-on resolution of the
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took the throne in 1982. After King Fahd suffered a serious stroke in 1995, Abdullah became the
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The political economy of rentier states: A case study of Saudi Arabia in the oil era, 1950-1990
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Speech of Vice Chancellor and Foreign Minister Michael Spindelegger in the King Abdullah Center
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in June 2009 he hosted President Obama in Saudi Arabia. In turn, Obama hosted the King at the
30:"Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud" redirects here. For the Saudi governor of the same name, see
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cooperation to set up an advanced epidemic screening network to protect 2010's three million
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in the world. Upon his death in 2015 at age 90, he was succeeded by his half-brother Salman.
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Council of Civil Service, and head of the Military Service Council until his death in 2015.
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3946:"Yemeni Tribal Leader: For Saleh, Saudi Involvement in Sa'Ada Comes not a Moment Too Soon"
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Daniel L. Byman (Spring 2005). "The Implications of Leadership Change in the Arab World".
8:
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3584:"Wikileaks: King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia 'wanted Guantánamo Bay detainees microchipped'"
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was named heir to the throne, but Nayef himself died the next year. Abdullah then named
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While still Crown Prince, Abdullah paid for the separation surgery of a pair of Polish
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Nabil Mouline (April–June 2010). "Power and generational transition in Saudi Arabia".
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3054:"Saudi ruler offers $ 36bn to stave off uprising amid warning oil price could double"
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published by WikiLeaks revealed that Abdullah wanted all released detainees from the
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6351:"Senarai Penuh Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 1982"
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7182:
3826:"Chinese president arrives in Riyadh at start of "trip of friendship, cooperation""
3494:"KAICIID: Historic Day for International Interreligious and Intercultural Dialogue"
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2691:(2009). "From fragility to stability: A survival strategy for the Saudi monarchy".
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2420:
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He donated $ 50 million in cash and $ 10 million worth of relief materials for the
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740:. She died when Abdullah was six years old. Abdullah had two younger full-sisters,
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Succession to the throne in Saudi Arabia. Court Politics in the Twentieth Century
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sent an open letter to Abdullah asking him to cease religious persecution of the
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652:, his first public office. The following year, he was appointed commander of the
645:
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4644:
The House of Saud in commerce: A study of royal entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia
4321:
2449:
2352:
Stig Stenslie (2011). "Power Behind the Veil: Princesses of the House of Saud".
1623:
was the head of the Saudi Arabian Red Crescent Society. Abdullah's seventh son,
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Abdullah supported renewed diplomatic relations with the Syrian government and
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1308:
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In late March 2011, Abdullah sent Bandar bin Sultan, Secretary General of the
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In August 1963, Abdullah was made commander of Saudi National Guard replacing
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4725:"Saudi Embassy Hosts Reception and Photo Exhibit for Breast Cancer Awareness"
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to "cut off the head of the snake". Saudi Arabia's Ambassador to Washington,
1183:
as its first general secretary and Austria's former federal justice minister
1004:
827:
788:
704:
565:
358:
2664:
Saudi Arabia: Islamic Threat, Political Reform, and the Global War on Terror
2411:
Madawi Al Rasheed (2009). "Modernizing authoritarian rule in Saudi Arabia".
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clerics that had previously expressed their loathing for the Shi'i minority.
768:
led to delay in his rise to higher status among the sons of King Abdulaziz.
9246:
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5635:"Saudi Arabia King Abdullah's NY Back Surgery Successful, Royal Court Says"
5429:"An Interview with the Imprisoned Daughter of Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah"
4858:"Saudi prince accused over drug-taking, drinking and escorts at LA mansion"
4804:"Saudi prince avoids felony charges in sex assault case near Beverly Hills"
4337:"Saudi Arabia's crown prince uses travel restrictions to consolidate power"
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from 1 August 2005 until his death in 2015. Prior to his accession, he was
608:
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Saudi Arabia in the Oil Era: Regime and Elites: Conflict and Collaboration
3722:
Saudi Embassy in Washington DC. 1 August 2014. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
1175:
In 2011, an agreement for the establishment of the Abdullah bin Abdulaziz
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5332:"The case of a Saudi prince illustrates a pattern of arbitrary detention"
1744:
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1414:, who committed various diplomatic faux pas. The diplomatic relationship
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In November 2008, Abdullah and his government arranged discussion at the
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Shouts of 'murderers' and 'torturers' greet King Abdullah on Palace tour
2884:
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Gulshan Dhanani (19 June 1982). "The King Is Dead, Long Live the King".
2301:
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2476:
2061:"King Abdullah said Nawaz was his friend, had to let him go: Musharraf"
1230:
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sent the King well-wishes from jail and wished him a speedy recovery.
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argues that Abdullah's maternal roots and his earlier experience of a
9211:
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4966:"Saudi Prince Accused of Sex-Crime Arrested at Beverly Glen Compound"
4256:
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and is surrounded by large mansions on 133 acres of vegetation.
1764:
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6276:"King Juan Carlos of Spain dishonors the Order of the Golden Fleece"
5973:"Whitehall's King Abdullah half-mast flag tribute criticised by MPs"
5357:
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6383:"Semakan Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan"
2332:
2271:. Indianapolis, IN: University of Indianapolis Press. p. 193.
1826:
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rivals of the Al Saud dynasty. She was descended from the powerful
669:
5521:"الديوان الملكي ينعي الأميرة هلا بنت عبدالله بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود"
5474:"King Abdullah dead: The late Saudi monarch's 'jailed' princesses"
3663:"Who Will Be the Next King of Saudi Arabia... And does It Matter?"
2626:
Gulshan Dhahani (1980). "Political Institutions in Saudi Arabia".
1602:, is the mother of Prince Faisal and Princess Abeer among others.
1177:
International Centre for Interreligious and Intercultural Dialogue
707:. Upon becoming king in 2005, Abdullah appointed his half-brother
9290:
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8236:
8211:
7844:
7578:
6050:"Saudi King Abdullah named 7th most powerful figure in the world"
4592:
2929:"Saudi First: How Hyper-Nationalism is Transforming Saudi Arabia"
2092:
1750:
Abdullah left Saudi Arabia on "special leave" on 27 August 2012.
1204:
1160:
terrorism, with world leaders—including former UK Prime Minister
1149:
976:
Abdullah's administration attempted reforms in different fields.
733:
711:
as crown prince. When Sultan died in 2011, Sultan's full brother
664:
ruler of Saudi Arabia until ascending the throne a decade later.
560:
49:
44:
6552:
5306:"Picture of Saudi princess on magazine cover sparks controversy"
4988:"New abuse allegations filed in civil suit against Saudi prince"
8271:
8266:
8023:
8018:
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6141:
4074:
4072:
3920:"WikiLeaks cables: Nicolas Sarkozy, the Saudis and Carla Bruni"
1793:
1572:
1464:
1381:
1141:
867:
796:
703:
The three crown princes during Abdullah's reign were among the
391:
6250:"Saudi's King Abdullah grants $ 10 Bn for new university fund"
5944:
5552:"Saudi King Abdullah has back surgery described as successful"
2975:"Saudi Arabia's Education Reforms Emphasize Training for Jobs"
2517:
P. Edward Haley; Lewis W. Snider; M. Graeme Bannerman (1979).
1287:
In 2006, Iranian Supreme Leader Khamenei had sent his adviser
8306:
8276:
8221:
8110:
8100:
8042:
7999:
7829:
4538:
Regime Stability in Saudi Arabia: The Challenge of Succession
4316:(PhD thesis). The George Washington University. p. 125.
2899:"Saudi Arabia Sending Seventh Most Students to United States"
2871:
Toby Jones (2007). "Saudi Arabia's not so New Anti-Shi'ism".
2496:. Ithaca, NY; London: Cornell University Press. p. 218.
1324:
1176:
1071:
Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice
1039:
948:
649:
5918:"King Abdullah, Who Nudged Saudi Arabia Forward, Dies at 90"
5387:'They are hanging to life' - Saudi king's ex-wife speaks out
4069:
885:
In August 2001, he ordered then Saudi Ambassador to the US,
7558:
6449:
Shifting Sands: On the power transition in Abdullah's death
6028:
5791:"Saudi King Abdullah returns after month-long Morocco trip"
5133:"Shaikh Khalid bin Hamad marries daughter of Saudi Monarch"
5015:"Nanny to Saudi Royals Claims They Forced Her into Slavery"
3686:
1763:
On 2 January 2015, Abdullah was hospitalized in Riyadh for
1475:
1335:
the government, but only if they are strong and sustained.
985:
5520:
4913:
4281:"Discreetly, Saudis speculate about the throne succession"
2554:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2546:
1225:
to the United States to meet in Washington with President
756:, who were the children of his mother's first marriage to
5947:"Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah Given Simple Muslim Burial"
5915:
5735:"Saudi King offers benefits as he returns from treatment"
5275:"Gay Saudi prince 'murdered servant in ferocious attack'"
5245:
3736:"US embassy cables: Saudi king's advice for Barack Obama"
3461:, Federal Ministry for European and International Affairs
3272:"Saudi Arabia passes historic domestic abuse legislation"
2040:
1994:
681:
4831:"Saudi prince arrested, faces sex charge in Los Angeles"
4026:"Saudi King Abdullah Calls for a Closer Arab Gulf Union"
3640:
Bush belatedly tries good-will building over Iraq, Midea
6029:"The Muslims 500: The World's Most Influential Muslims"
5582:"Saudi prince returns as king readies for US treatment"
5358:"هكذا يعبر مئات الأمراء من آل سعود عن رفضهم لابن سلمان"
3051:
2543:
916:, Crown Prince Abdullah wrote a letter to US President
4890:"Police drop sexual assault case against Saudi prince"
4278:
3134:"Women in Saudi Arabia 'to vote and run in elections'"
2905:. Saudi Arabia, District of Columbia. 16 November 2010
1651:
Abdullah had twenty daughters. Princess Adila married
7963:
5817:"Saudi king health fears calmed after back operation"
5711:"Saudi King Arrives in Morocco After Treatment in US"
5186:"Saudi purge: Why Mohammed bin Salman can never rest"
4186:"Defense Minister New Heir to Throne in Saudi Arabia"
3767:, copy at Internet Archive Retrieved 23 October 2011.
3216:"Saudi Arabia's Timid Flirtation With Women's Rights"
3191:"London 2012 Olympics: Saudis allow women to compete"
3085:"Saudi arrests 100 Shi'ite protesters – rights group"
2088:"Saudi Arabia urges ex-Pakistani PM to stay in exile"
1900:(the Spanish branch), which caused some controversy.
672:. Abdullah maintained the status quo when there were
6409:
6297:
Are Spanish media betting on King Juan Carlos again?
5945:
Lubna Hussain; F. Brinley Bruton (23 January 2015).
5868:
Saudi King, 90, Hospitalized; Pneumonia Is Diagnosed
4916:"Saudi prince won't face felony charges in sex case"
4774:"Khaled appointed Riyadh governor, Turki his deputy"
3897:. Washington DC: Middle East Institute. p. 22.
3804:"UK Training Saudi Forces Used to Crush Arab Spring"
2822:
2595:
2437:
1690:. Abdullah's daughter Fayza is the mother of Prince
6192:
5448:"New footage emerges of 'trapped' Saudi princesses"
4699:"الفحولة وآل سعود... والشرف المراق على جوانبه الدم"
4309:
4252:"Saudi king transfers National Guard duties to son"
3917:
3689:"WikiLeaks Archive – Cables Uncloak U.S. Diplomacy"
2525:. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press. p.
1315:. Abdullah asserted that Iran was trying to set up
1013:
King Abdullah University for Science and Technology
6106:
5273:
4361:
3802:Jamie Doward and Philippa Stewart. (28 May 2011) (
3687:Scott Shane; Andrew W. Lehren (28 November 2010).
3582:
3576:
3574:
3246:"Saudi Arabia cabinet approves domestic abuse ban"
3020:
2518:
2325:
1221:. In September 1998, Crown Prince Abdullah made a
1081:King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
8990:
6696:
5406:"Ex-wife of Saudi King Pleads for Her Daughters."
4392:
3730:
3728:
2410:
2389:"Analysis: Al Rashid Opposition Group (part one)"
1119:Abdullah in a meeting with US secretary of state
736:tribe and was the daughter of former tribe chief
9457:
5996:
5660:"Saudi king Abdullah has 'successful operation'"
5271:
4363:"King Abdullah Ibn Abdulaziz Al Saud - Obituary"
4183:
3885:
3437:When a King and a Pope Sit Down to Talk Religion
2444:(PhD thesis). Columbia University. p. 192.
2291:
1208:Abdullah visits the United States in April 2005.
928:By late 2003, after the Saudi Arabian branch of
614:[ʢæbˈdɑɫ.ɫɐbenˈʢæbdælʢæˈziːzʔæːlsæˈʢuːd]
5916:Douglas Martin; Ben Hubbard (22 January 2015).
5218:"رسالة من ابناء واحفاد الملك عبدالله رحمه الله"
5157:
4941:"L.A. police arrest Saudi prince on sex charge"
4051:"The World's 10 Worst Dictators: King Abdullah"
3571:
3243:
2740:
2625:
2558:
2462:
1394:
1299:, Abdullah had told the US Ambassador to Iraq,
1264:In September 2014, following the spread of the
5970:
5632:
5558:. Riyadh. AP. 17 November 2012. Archived from
5471:
5246:Bradley Hope; Justin Scheck (25 August 2020).
5012:
4613:
4334:
3725:
3615:"Saudi king's gifts for Obama worth $ 300,000"
2972:
2926:
2493:Saudi Arabia: The Ceaseless Quest for Security
2406:
2404:
2402:
2085:
2037:Saudi nuclear weapons 'on order' from Pakistan
1586:'s wife. Abdullah had two children with Aida:
771:
8976:
8377:
7949:
7911:
7112:
6808:
6682:
6581:
6220:"More countries offer aid to quake-hit China"
4696:
4534:
4210:Aged Saudi ruler to fly to US over blood clot
3970:
3667:The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
3551:
3269:
3188:
2945:
2660:
2351:
2328:"The Monarch who Declared His own Revolution"
2237:
2151:. Saudi Arabia. 4 August 2010. Archived from
5546:
5544:
5542:
5183:
4640:
4457:"تعرّف على أبناء وبنات الملك عبد الله الـ36"
3854:
3580:
3547:
3545:
3239:
3237:
3160:"Saudi king dismisses religious police head"
3082:
3052:Ambrose Evans-Pritchard (24 February 2011).
2718:"King Fahd ibn Abdel Aziz Al Saud: Obituary"
2489:
2386:
2264:
2149:Ministry of Higher Education of Saudi Arabia
629:since 13 June 1982. He was the tenth son of
233:Second Deputy Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
7527:Council of Economic and Development Affairs
6104:
5940:
5938:
4854:
4279:Anne-Beatrice Clasmann (20 November 2009).
2399:
1494:
811:Abdullah's two predecessors on the throne,
636:Abdullah was the son of King Abdulaziz and
9435:Israeli–Lebanese maritime border agreement
8983:
8969:
8384:
8370:
7956:
7942:
7918:
7904:
7119:
7105:
6815:
6801:
6689:
6675:
6588:
6574:
6321:"King Abdullah receives UNESCO Gold Medal"
5841:
4828:
4780:. Jeddah. 15 February 2013. Archived from
4692:
4690:
4506:
4504:
4483:"A Princely Rivalry: Clash of The Titans?"
4174:, 31 October 2007. Retrieved 10 June 2008.
4106:"Saudi inmates send king wishes from jail"
4023:
3999:"Saudi Arabia recalls ambassador to Syria"
2870:
2818:
2816:
2780:
2687:
2521:Lebanon in Crisis: Participants and Issues
1771:before burial in an unmarked grave at the
845:
73:
32:Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (1931–2015)
9145:UN Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 242
9119:UN General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 194
7925:
7126:
6595:
6136:
6134:
5809:
5783:
5608:"Saudi king has back surgery in New York"
5539:
5381:
5379:
5241:
5239:
4887:
4850:
4848:
3542:
3234:
2731:, 1 August 2005. Retrieved 29 March 2008.
2336:. Vol. 153, no. 13. p. 40.
2321:
2319:
1914:Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia
1003:, as the new minister. He also appointed
5935:
5835:
5445:
5212:
5210:
5208:
4395:"King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia Obituary"
3918:Angelique Chrisafis (30 November 2010).
3472:"New centre for interreligious dialogue"
1541:
1398:
1343:Saudi Arabia, by the endorsement of the
1275:
1203:
1114:
1075:
1053:, in September 2011, the King announced
1017:
959:
920:, which ended with the following words:
849:
806:
775:
8482:Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon
5077:"Saudi Arabia's King Changes the Guard"
4687:
4501:
4082:. About. 3 October 2011. Archived from
3855:Bruce Riedel (September–October 2011).
3521:
3519:
3413:Let concord replace conflict – Abdullah
3344:The King’s call for interfaith dialogue
2922:
2920:
2843:"Crown Prince sends message to America"
2813:
2347:
2345:
2343:
1187:as the first deputy general secretary.
1168:, US President George W. Bush and King
955:
838:as well as his uncles Prince Ahmed and
617:; 1 August 1924 – 23 January 2015) was
551:Abdullah bin Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman
14:
9526:Royalty and nobility with disabilities
9511:Deputy prime ministers of Saudi Arabia
9471:20th-century Saudi Arabian politicians
9458:
9427:Israel–Morocco normalization agreement
9417:Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement
6193:Mohammed Rasooldeen (5 January 2005).
6131:
5376:
5236:
4845:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4445:
3372:, 4 June 2008. Retrieved 10 June 2008
3110:"Saudi king gives women right to vote"
3021:Christopher Boucek (23 October 2010).
2776:
2774:
2316:
1563:Abdullah married the daughters of the
1501:Succession to the Saudi Arabian throne
1099:
27:King of Saudi Arabia from 2005 to 2015
9506:Deaths from pneumonia in Saudi Arabia
8964:
8391:
8365:
7937:
7899:
7100:
6796:
6670:
6569:
6556:
6168:"Metropolitan Emmanuel in Casablanca"
5844:"Saudi King Abdullah leaves hospital"
5686:"Saudi Arabia's Oil Policy Vacancies"
5205:
5158:Simon Henderson (26 September 2011).
5107:"Saudi Arabia Changes Course, Slowly"
4393:Madawi Al Rasheed (22 January 2015).
3331:Center Muslim-Christian Understanding
2933:European Council on Foreign Relations
2145:"King of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"
1853:
1756:reported that he had an operation at
1692:Saud bin Abdulaziz bin Nasser Al Saud
1190:
612:
605:ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al ʿAzīz Āl Saʿūd
9422:Israel–Sudan normalization agreement
9161:Israel–Syria disengagement agreement
8838:Southern Israel cross-border attacks
8750:Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel
8681:Iraqi missile attacks against Israel
6822:
6119:from the original on 11 January 2022
6080:"No. 3: King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz"
5286:from the original on 11 January 2022
5006:
4968:. CBS Los Angeles. 24 September 2015
4869:from the original on 24 October 2015
4374:from the original on 11 January 2022
3893:. In Gönül Tol; David Dumke (eds.).
3778:"Bahrain imposes state of emergency"
3595:from the original on 11 January 2022
3526:"No Politics for Ben Ali in Kingdom"
3516:
3390:Inter-faith meet to be held in Spain
3108:Asma Alsharif. (25 September 2011).
2917:
2823:Bruce Maddy-Weitzman (Summer 2010).
2340:
2326:Christopher Dickey (30 March 2009).
2294:"Saudi Arabia without King Abdullah"
1718:
1528:
1444:
1266:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
991:In 2005, Abdullah declared that the
905:. The initiative was adopted at the
463:Tathi bint Mishan al Faisal al Jarba
9521:Recipients of the Bronze Wolf Award
5891:"Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah dies"
5633:Peter S. Green (24 November 2010).
5272:Caroline Gammell (5 October 2010).
5050:. 27 September 2018. Archived from
5013:Brandi Buchman (27 February 2018).
4591:(in Arabic). Marefa. Archived from
4442:
4226:"Saudi king suffers herniated disc"
3435:Rebecca Tobias. (15 January 2014).
2771:
2086:Zeeshan Haider (8 September 2007).
1683:, with whom she has five children.
1104:In November 2007, Abdullah visited
971:
601:
24:
9481:21st-century kings of Saudi Arabia
9412:Israel–UAE normalization agreement
9303:Beirut Summit and peace initiative
8156:Palestinian Popular Struggle Front
6142:"The stables of the King Abdullah"
5971:Andrew Sparrow (23 January 2015).
5472:Ishaan Tharoor (25 January 2015).
5083:. 29 November 2011. Archived from
4914:Michael Martinez; Cheri Mossburg.
4750:"King Abdullah Arrives in Morocco"
4697:Jafar Al Bakl (16 December 2014).
4510:Simon Henderson. (14 April 2011).
4228:. 12 November 2010. Archived from
4161:Saudi king's royal meet draws fire
3832:. 10 February 2009. Archived from
3761:Saudi King urged US to attack Iran
3324:"The 500 Most Influential Muslims"
3244:Sebastian Usher (28 August 2013).
2946:Julian Borger (16 February 2009).
2757:10.1002/j.1538-165x.2005.tb00538.x
2605:. New York: Springer. p. 54.
1967:US confirms $ 60bn Saudi arms deal
1921:Order of the Defender of the Realm
1906:
748:, and two maternal half-brothers,
684:report, Saudi Arabia could obtain
485:
25:
9557:
7309:Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
6557:
6439:Saudi king details succession law
6430:collected news and commentary at
6405:
6056:. 7 December 2012. Archived from
5184:David Hearst (7 September 2020).
4184:Neil MacFarquhar (18 June 2012).
3581:Andrew Hough (29 November 2010).
3500:. 2 November 2012. Archived from
3367:Saudis launch Islamic unity drive
3298:"Historic Saudi visit to Vatican"
3166:. 13 January 2012. Archived from
2980:The Chronicle of Higher Education
2014:Saudi Arabia: Fundamental change?
1889:Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
1354:
1229:. In September 2000, he attended
912:On the second anniversary of the
802:
640:. His mother was a member of the
460:Munira bint Abdullah Al Al Shaykh
66:Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
9341:Agreement on Movement and Access
7201:
7071:
6832:
6781:
6706:
6655:
6605:
6412:
6375:
6343:
6313:
6290:
6268:
6242:
6212:
6186:
6160:
6098:
6072:
6042:
6021:
5997:Sohail Choudhury (9 June 2012).
5990:
5964:
5909:
5883:
5861:
5797:. Riyadh. AFP. 24 September 2012
5767:. 27 August 2012. Archived from
5753:
5727:
5704:
5678:
5652:
5626:
5600:
5574:
5513:
5491:
5465:
5439:
5421:
5399:
5350:
5324:
5298:
5265:
5177:
5151:
5125:
5099:
5069:
5033:
4980:
4958:
4933:
4907:
4881:
4822:
4796:
4766:
4743:
4717:
4661:
4647:. New Delhi: I.S. Publications.
4634:
4607:
4112:. 8 January 2011. Archived from
3895:Aspiring Powers, Regional Rivals
3270:Lisa Anderson (28 August 2013).
2948:"Woman Saudi Education Minister"
2667:. DIANE Publishing. p. 17.
2387:Talal Kapoor (1 February 2007).
1919:Honorary Grand Commander of the
1912:Honorary Grand Commander of the
1874:
1805:In 2011, the financial magazine
1537:
1199:
1059:2015 municipal council elections
1051:2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests
909:'s Beirut summit in March 2002.
9516:Prime ministers of Saudi Arabia
9375:Israeli–Palestinian peace talks
9369:Israeli–Palestinian peace talks
9337:Israeli disengagement from Gaza
8542:Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114
8423:Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency
8181:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
7481:General Intelligence Presidency
6327:. 25 April 2012. Archived from
5999:"The philanthropist Saudi King"
5842:Amena Bakr (13 December 2012).
4855:Shehab Khan (24 October 2015).
4581:
4555:
4528:
4475:
4426:. 1 August 2005. Archived from
4420:"King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia"
4412:
4386:
4354:
4335:David Ignatius (19 June 2020).
4328:
4303:
4272:
4244:
4218:
4203:
4177:
4154:
4128:
4098:
4043:
4024:Glen Carey (19 December 2011).
4017:
3991:
3973:"Saad Hariri's Moment of Truth"
3964:
3938:
3911:
3879:
3848:
3818:
3796:
3770:
3754:
3706:
3680:
3655:
3633:
3607:
3552:Mike Vilensky (20 April 2008).
3486:
3464:
3452:
3429:
3406:
3383:
3360:
3337:
3316:
3290:
3263:
3208:
3182:
3152:
3126:
3102:
3076:
3045:
3014:
2987:
2973:Ursula Lindsey (October 2010).
2966:
2939:
2891:
2864:
2835:
2734:
2711:
2681:
2654:
2619:
2589:
2559:Simon Henderson (August 2009).
2510:
2483:
2456:
2431:
2380:
2285:
2258:
2231:
2196:
2167:
1702:Salman bin Abdulaziz bin Salman
1403:Abdullah with Polish president
1157:United Nations General Assembly
633:, the founder of Saudi Arabia.
298:Commander of the National Guard
9014:McMahon–Hussein Correspondence
8830:Palestinian militancy campaign
6428:Abdullah, King of Saudi Arabia
6105:Anita Singh (21 August 2008).
5527:(in Arabic). 30 September 2020
5431:. 1 April 2016. Archived from
5385:Fatima Manji. (19 March 2014).
3189:Frank Gardner (24 June 2012).
3123:. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
3083:Jason Benham (23 March 2011).
2137:
2107:
2079:
2053:
2035:Mark Urban. (6 November 2013).
2029:
2007:
1984:
1960:
1934:
1812:third-wealthiest head of state
1758:Mount Sinai Hospital, New York
1631:and served as governor of the
1295:In April 2008, according to a
623:Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
594:Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
91:Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
13:
1:
9501:Crown princes of Saudi Arabia
9102:American trusteeship proposal
8171:Popular Resistance Committees
7471:Chairman of the General Staff
7087:Crown Princes of Saudi Arabia
6698:Crown princes of Saudi Arabia
6226:. 15 May 2008. Archived from
4888:Ben Hoyle (21 October 2015).
3971:Hilal Khashan (Winter 2011).
2825:"Arabs vs. the Abdullah Plan"
2465:Economic and Political Weekly
2438:Alexander Blay Bligh (1981).
2268:Saudi Arabia: A Modern Reader
2252:10.1080/17550912.2016.1238110
2217:10.1080/17550912.2016.1189108
2115:"King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz"
1927:
1840:in Riyadh on 3 January 2005.
1737:NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital
1671:. Sara bint Abdullah married
1641:Maha bint Mohammed Al Sudairi
1513:In 2006, Abdullah set up the
1365:Guantanamo Bay detention camp
1135:World Interfaith Harmony Week
726:
602:عبد الله بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود
9546:People with speech disorders
6535:Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
6108:"The world's richest royals"
5224:(in Arabic). 3 February 2015
4563:"More talk, less distortion"
4310:Rayed Khalid Krymli (1993).
2927:Eman Alhussein (June 2019).
2781:Elsa Walsh (24 March 2003).
2366:10.1080/21534764.2011.576050
2181:. 7 December 2012. p. 1
1817:King Abdullah was an expert
1786:
1706:Thamir bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
1700:magazine's June 2018 issue.
1646:
1395:Relations with other nations
1091:criminalizes psychological,
758:Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Rashid
654:Saudi Arabian National Guard
627:Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
166:Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
7:
9536:Saudi Arabian Sunni Muslims
8699:Palestinian suicide attacks
7713:Water supply and sanitation
7542:History of the oil industry
7409:Mutaween (religious police)
5364:(in Arabic). 25 August 2020
2852:. Jeddah. 10 September 2002
2744:Political Science Quarterly
1838:King Abdulaziz Medical City
1657:Khalid bin Hamad Al Khalifa
772:Commander of National Guard
644:, historical rivals of the
312:
265:
251:
197:
185:
169:First Deputy Prime Minister
18:Saudi Crown Prince Abdullah
10:
9562:
9531:Saudi Arabian billionaires
9496:Burials at Al Oud cemetery
9275:Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum
9263:Beilin–Abu Mazen agreement
9257:Israel–Jordan peace treaty
9189:Palestinian autonomy talks
5041:"Second Amended Complaint"
4080:"Asia's 5 Worst Dictators"
3983:(1): 65–71. Archived from
3742:. London. 28 November 2010
3449:Retrieved 22 January 2015.
3023:"Saudi Fatwa Restrictions"
2640:10.1177/002088178001900104
2602:Succession In Saudi Arabia
2354:Journal of Arabian Studies
2265:Winberg Chai, ed. (2005).
1942:"Who's who: Senior Saudis"
1898:Order of the Golden Fleece
1836:, which took place at the
1600:Hessa bint Trad Al Shaalan
1498:
1338:
1297:leaked US diplomatic cable
1038:would be allowed to issue
964:Royal Standard of the King
897:In 2002, he developed the
874:support for Israel in the
705:full brothers of King Fahd
698:1999 Pakistani coup d'état
692:and ousted prime minister
676:in the kingdom during the
467:Hessa bint Trad Al Shaalan
38:
29:
9389:
9232:
9185:Egypt–Israel peace treaty
9110:
9042:Faisal–Weizmann agreement
8999:
8960:
8733:
8596:
8441:
8399:
8361:
8336:
8315:
8259:
8189:
8076:al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades
8058:
8051:
7981:
7933:
7857:
7815:
7721:
7622:
7613:
7507:
7498:
7431:
7352:
7334:National Security Council
7289:
7285:
7276:
7219:
7210:
7199:
7138:
7080:
7069:
6839:
6830:
6779:
6713:
6704:
6653:
6612:
6603:
6563:
6541:
6532:
6526:
6519:
6509:
6500:
6492:
6487:
6460:
6195:"Thank you, Crown Prince"
5478:The Sydney Morning Herald
4136:"Letter to King Abdullah"
3886:Meliha Altunışık (2019).
3478:(2). 2013. Archived from
3274:. Reuters. Archived from
2829:The Middle East Quarterly
2705:10.1080/17550910802576114
2693:Contemporary Arab Affairs
2425:10.1080/17550910903244976
2413:Contemporary Arab Affairs
2292:Hassan Hanizadeh (2010).
2205:Contemporary Arab Affairs
1882:
1873:
1860:
1800:
1389:National Security Council
780:Abdullah as commander of
638:Fahda bint Asi Al Shuraim
586:Fahda bint Asi Al Shuraim
581:
576:Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia
571:
559:
550:
545:
541:
478:
430:
415:
401:
378:
374:
364:
354:
350:
303:
296:
288:
280:
276:
239:
230:
220:
212:
208:
173:
164:
156:
145:
138:
128:
118:
108:
97:
84:
72:
63:
58:
9224:Israel–Lebanon agreement
9036:Anglo-French Declaration
9032:Declaration to the Seven
8605:Misgav Am hostage crisis
7579:Tadawul (stock exchange)
7574:Supreme Economic Council
7522:Capital Market Authority
7476:General Staff Presidency
7329:Mabahith (secret police)
5411:4 September 2014 at the
3718:4 September 2014 at the
3060:. London. Archived from
3011:, Retrieved 17 May 2008.
2175:"Too Many Saudi Princes"
1688:Sultan bin Turki Al Saud
1661:Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
1558:
1495:Succession to the throne
1374:
1361:leaked diplomatic cables
1345:Gulf Cooperation Council
1331:in an Iranian election.
880:World Trade Organization
471:(23 or more other wives)
448:Jawahir bint Ali Hussein
8916:Israel–Palestine crisis
8767:Bringing Home the Goods
8106:Guardians of the Cedars
7461:Strategic Missile Force
6302:7 February 2015 at the
5019:Courthouse News Service
4755:23 January 2011 at the
4614:Mordechai Abir (1988).
4517:13 October 2012 at the
4166:1 November 2007 at the
3857:"Brezhnev in the Hejaz"
3809:29 January 2017 at the
3645:18 January 2021 at the
3531:21 January 2011 at the
3447:The Interfaith Observer
3442:23 January 2015 at the
3418:14 January 2009 at the
3395:14 January 2009 at the
3349:14 January 2009 at the
3115:17 October 2015 at the
3003:2 November 2007 at the
2240:Critique Internationale
2047:11 January 2020 at the
2023:29 January 2014 at the
1978:9 December 2013 at the
1845:2008 Sichuan earthquake
1659:, son of Bahraini King
1605:
1420:Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali
1271:
1250:
1036:Senior Council of Ulema
846:Crown Prince and Regent
9333:Sharm El Sheikh Summit
9253:Gaza–Jericho Agreement
9135:Tripartite Declaration
8758:Ain es Saheb airstrike
8639:South Lebanon conflict
6743:Abdullah bin Abdulaziz
6728:Muhammad bin Abdulaziz
5873:18 August 2017 at the
5160:"All the King's Women"
5021:. Alexandria, Virginia
4535:Stig Stenslie (2012).
2661:Sherifa Zuhur (2005).
1769:Grand Mosque of Riyadh
1675:and they had one son,
1669:Fahd bin Turki Al Saud
1551:
1478:. On 24 January 2007,
1407:
1349:Peninsula Shield Force
1284:
1209:
1185:Claudia Bandion-Ortner
1124:
1083:
1027:
965:
953:
926:
859:
819:
784:
680:. According to a 2013
140:Regent of Saudi Arabia
9381:John Kerry Parameters
9054:Churchill White Paper
9020:Sykes–Picot Agreement
8576:Coastal Road massacre
8197:Arab Higher Committee
8086:Arab Liberation Front
8029:Palestinian Authority
7927:Arab–Israeli conflict
7304:Consultative Assembly
6597:Kings of Saudi Arabia
6521:Saudi Arabian royalty
6278:. Tradition in Action
5392:19 March 2014 at the
4641:Sharaf Sabri (2001).
3977:Middle East Quarterly
3861:The National Interest
2996:. (31 October 2007).
2628:International Studies
2561:"After King Abdullah"
2490:Nadav Safran (1985).
2179:The National Interest
1711:From his marriage to
1629:Royal Saudi Air Force
1627:, was a pilot in the
1545:
1499:Further information:
1449:On 16 February 2003,
1402:
1279:
1207:
1170:Abdullah II of Jordan
1118:
1079:
1055:women's right to vote
1021:
963:
941:
922:
903:Arab–Israeli conflict
899:Arab Peace Initiative
853:
810:
779:
445:(1972–2003; divorced)
79:King Abdullah in 2007
9476:21st-century regents
9466:20th-century regents
9363:Annapolis Conference
9357:UNSC Resolution 1701
9347:UNSC Resolution 1850
9329:UNSC Resolution 1583
9323:UNSC Resolution 1566
9319:UNSC Resolution 1559
9269:Wye River Memorandum
9125:Armistice agreements
8882:Gaza border protests
8804:Gaza–Israel conflict
8516:Lod Airport massacre
8349:United Arab Republic
8292:United Arab Emirates
8202:Arab Liberation Army
6763:Muqrin bin Abdulaziz
6758:Salman bin Abdulaziz
6748:Sultan bin Abdulaziz
6733:Khalid bin Abdulaziz
6723:Faisal bin Abdulaziz
6503:King of Saudi Arabia
5716:22 July 2016 at the
5690:Washington Institute
5338:. CNN. 17 April 2019
5111:Washington Institute
4620:. Kent: Croom Helm.
4512:"Outraged in Riyadh"
4291:on 21 September 2013
3765:Agence France-Presse
3763:, 28 November 2010,
3476:International Vienna
3376:19 July 2008 at the
2723:29 June 2011 at the
2597:Joseph A. Kéchichian
2568:Washington Institute
1991:Saudi Arabia profile
1679:. She later married
1663:. Another daughter,
1615:was governor of the
1582:, was the sister of
1571:, the Al Shaalan of
1164:, Israeli President
956:King of Saudi Arabia
914:September 11 attacks
782:Saudi National Guard
717:Salman bin Abdulaziz
709:Sultan bin Abdulaziz
411:Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
292:Sultan bin Abdulaziz
225:Sultan bin Abdulaziz
9206:UNSC Resolution 497
9200:UNSC Resolution 478
9194:UNSC Resolution 452
9181:UNSC Resolution 446
9171:UNSC Resolution 425
9165:UNSC Resolution 350
9155:UNSC Resolution 339
9151:UNSC Resolution 338
9141:Khartoum Resolution
9129:Lausanne Conference
9078:Morrison–Grady Plan
9048:San Remo conference
9026:Balfour Declaration
8898:Gaza–Israel clashes
8890:Gaza–Israel clashes
8665:Mothers' Bus attack
8242:Revolutionary Cells
7569:Saudi Central Bank
7377:Freedom of religion
7153:Early Islamic State
6773:Mohammed bin Salman
6753:Nayef bin Abdulaziz
6454:, 17 November 2013.
6420:Saudi Arabia portal
6174:. 20 September 2012
6172:The National Herald
5562:on 17 November 2012
5556:The Washington Post
5137:Bahrain News Agency
4784:on 15 February 2013
4370:. 22 January 2015.
4368:The Daily Telegraph
4341:The Washington Post
4232:on 21 November 2010
3987:on 25 January 2021.
3836:on 17 February 2009
3589:The Daily Telegraph
3140:. 25 September 2011
3064:on 27 February 2011
3058:The Daily Telegraph
2155:on 24 December 2012
2001:27 May 2018 at the
1653:Faisal bin Abdullah
1283:meets with Abdullah
1238:in the same month.
1100:Interfaith dialogue
1026:on 11 February 2007
1022:King Abdullah with
1001:Faisal bin Abdullah
882:, surprising some.
836:Prince Abdul Muhsin
369:Mutaib bin Abdullah
266:Prime Minister
198:Prime Minister
9351:Quartet Principles
9285:Clinton Parameters
9175:Camp David Accords
8558:Savoy Hotel attack
8408:1948 Palestine war
8247:South Lebanon Army
8136:Muslim Brotherhood
7584:Telecommunications
7367:Capital punishment
7294:Allegiance Council
7173:Emirate of Diriyah
7158:Rashidun Caliphate
7148:Pre-Islamic Arabia
6768:Muhammad bin Nayef
6738:Fahd bin Abdulaziz
6718:Saud bin Abdulaziz
6433:The New York Times
6060:on 7 December 2012
5922:The New York Times
5878:The New York Times
5823:. 28 November 2012
5765:Saudi Press Agency
5741:. 23 February 2011
5666:. 24 November 2010
5614:. 25 November 2010
5588:. 22 November 2010
5310:The Economic Times
5113:. 18 February 2009
5087:on 25 January 2016
5057:on 18 January 2021
4763:, 22 January 2011.
4731:. 18 November 2011
4489:. 13 February 2010
4260:. 18 November 2010
4190:The New York Times
4116:on 25 October 2011
4086:on 16 October 2011
3952:. 28 December 2009
3693:The New York Times
3539:, 19 January 2011.
3498:PR Newswire Europe
3278:on 18 January 2021
3170:on 24 January 2013
3027:Carnegie Endowment
2873:Middle East Report
2801:on 26 January 2012
2577:on 21 October 2012
2304:on 6 December 2010
2067:. 14 February 2008
1854:Honours and awards
1552:
1515:Allegiance Council
1480:Human Rights Watch
1463:interpretation of
1457:David Wallechinsky
1408:
1359:In December 2010,
1289:Ali Akbar Velayati
1285:
1210:
1191:Arab common market
1125:
1084:
1028:
966:
936:Middle East Report
860:
820:
785:
457:Munira Al Otaishan
284:Fahd bin Abdulaziz
216:Fahd bin Abdulaziz
9453:
9452:
9447:
9446:
9443:
9442:
9313:Geneva Initiative
9281:Camp David Summit
9241:Madrid Conference
9218:Reagan peace plan
9191:
9096:UN Partition Plan
9090:London Conference
9072:London Conference
9008:Damascus Protocol
8956:
8955:
8857:Pillar of Defense
8508:Sabena Flight 571
8474:Battle of Karameh
8393:Armed engagements
8357:
8356:
8255:
8254:
8227:Japanese Red Army
7982:Primary countries
7893:
7892:
7853:
7852:
7681:Human trafficking
7609:
7608:
7494:
7493:
7427:
7426:
7314:Foreign relations
7272:
7271:
7168:Abbasid Caliphate
7163:Umayyad Caliphate
7094:
7093:
7064: (1947–1994)
7058: (born 1945)
7050: (born 1942)
7044: (born 1942)
7038: (1942–2007)
7032: (1941–2012)
7026: (1941–2013)
7020: (1940–2023)
7014: (born 1939)
7008: (1938–2003)
7002: (1937–1958)
6996: (born 1935)
6990: (1934–2008)
6984: (1934–2016)
6978: (1934–2012)
6970: (1932–2015)
6964: (1932–2013)
6958: (1932–2000)
6952: (1931–2018)
6946: (1931–2019)
6940: (1931–2017)
6934: (1928–2011)
6926: (1926–2017)
6920: (1925–1985)
6914: (1924–2015)
6908: (1923–2013)
6902: (1923–2019)
6896: (1921–2005)
6890: (1921–1951)
6884: (1915–1993)
6878: (1913–1982)
6872: (1911–1984)
6866: (1910–1988)
6858: (1906–1975)
6852: (1902–1969)
6846: (1900–1919)
6790:
6789:
6664:
6663:
6551:
6550:
6542:Succeeded by
6510:Succeeded by
6452:Midwest Diplomacy
6445:, 9 October 2007.
6331:on 31 August 2013
6310:. 1 February 2015
5897:. 23 January 2015
5880:. 3 January 2015.
5724:, 22 January 2011
5336:Egypt Independent
4994:. 23 October 2015
4992:Los Angeles Times
4810:. 20 October 2015
4808:Los Angeles Times
4654:978-81-901254-0-6
4463:. 23 January 2015
4430:on 5 October 2011
4142:. 8 February 2007
4057:. 4 February 2008
3621:. 20 January 2011
3304:. 6 November 2007
3222:. 16 January 2013
2674:978-1-4289-1011-9
2612:978-0-312-29962-0
2536:978-0-8156-2210-9
2503:978-0-8014-9484-0
2471:(25): 1021–1022.
2278:978-0-88093-859-4
1948:. 30 October 2007
1894:
1893:
1781:Westminster Abbey
1777:Buckingham Palace
1719:Illness and death
1713:Al Anoud Al Fayez
1667:, is the wife of
1529:Various positions
1445:Criticism as king
1292:never been used.
1219:George H. W. Bush
1106:Pope Benedict XVI
945:National Dialogue
887:Bandar bin Sultan
870:of Saudi Arabia.
766:speech impediment
762:Madawi Al-Rasheed
721:wealthiest royals
642:Al Rashid dynasty
591:
590:
555:
554:
443:Al Anoud Al Fayez
396:Sultanate of Nejd
149:1 January 1996 –
16:(Redirected from
9553:
9541:Sons of Ibn Saud
9401:Trump peace plan
9393:
9187:
8985:
8978:
8971:
8962:
8961:
8947:
8944:Israel–Hamas war
8939:
8935:Shield and Arrow
8929:
8919:
8911:
8901:
8893:
8885:
8877:
8874:Wave of violence
8869:
8861:
8851:
8841:
8833:
8825:
8817:
8807:
8799:
8791:
8781:
8771:
8761:
8753:
8745:
8726:
8716:
8706:
8694:
8684:
8676:
8668:
8660:
8652:
8642:
8634:
8626:
8618:
8608:
8589:
8579:
8571:
8561:
8553:
8550:Ma'alot massacre
8545:
8537:
8527:
8519:
8511:
8503:
8495:
8485:
8477:
8469:
8466:War of Attrition
8461:
8453:
8434:
8426:
8418:
8415:Arab–Israeli War
8410:
8386:
8379:
8372:
8363:
8362:
8260:Other countries
8056:
8055:
7996:Egyptian Kingdom
7958:
7951:
7944:
7935:
7934:
7920:
7913:
7906:
7897:
7896:
7873:
7866:
7706:response to ISIL
7620:
7619:
7564:Riyal (currency)
7505:
7504:
7287:
7286:
7283:
7282:
7229:Cities and towns
7217:
7216:
7205:
7183:Kingdom of Hejaz
7121:
7114:
7107:
7098:
7097:
7075:
6836:
6824:Sons of Ibn Saud
6817:
6810:
6803:
6794:
6793:
6785:
6710:
6691:
6684:
6677:
6668:
6667:
6659:
6609:
6590:
6583:
6576:
6567:
6566:
6554:
6553:
6527:Preceded by
6493:Preceded by
6483:
6476:
6458:
6457:
6422:
6417:
6416:
6415:
6399:
6398:
6396:
6394:
6385:. Archived from
6379:
6373:
6372:
6370:
6368:
6362:
6356:. Archived from
6355:
6347:
6341:
6340:
6338:
6336:
6317:
6311:
6294:
6288:
6287:
6285:
6283:
6272:
6266:
6265:
6263:
6261:
6246:
6240:
6239:
6237:
6235:
6216:
6210:
6209:
6207:
6205:
6190:
6184:
6183:
6181:
6179:
6164:
6158:
6157:
6155:
6153:
6138:
6129:
6128:
6126:
6124:
6110:
6102:
6096:
6095:
6093:
6091:
6076:
6070:
6069:
6067:
6065:
6046:
6040:
6039:
6037:
6035:
6025:
6019:
6018:
6016:
6014:
6005:. Archived from
5994:
5988:
5987:
5985:
5983:
5968:
5962:
5961:
5959:
5957:
5942:
5933:
5932:
5930:
5928:
5913:
5907:
5906:
5904:
5902:
5887:
5881:
5865:
5859:
5858:
5856:
5854:
5839:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5828:
5813:
5807:
5806:
5804:
5802:
5787:
5781:
5780:
5778:
5776:
5757:
5751:
5750:
5748:
5746:
5731:
5725:
5708:
5702:
5701:
5699:
5697:
5692:. 7 January 2011
5682:
5676:
5675:
5673:
5671:
5656:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5645:
5630:
5624:
5623:
5621:
5619:
5604:
5598:
5597:
5595:
5593:
5578:
5572:
5571:
5569:
5567:
5548:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5532:
5517:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5506:
5495:
5489:
5488:
5486:
5484:
5469:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5458:
5443:
5437:
5436:
5435:on 1 April 2016.
5425:
5419:
5403:
5397:
5383:
5374:
5373:
5371:
5369:
5354:
5348:
5347:
5345:
5343:
5328:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5317:
5302:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5277:
5269:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5258:
5243:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5229:
5214:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5181:
5175:
5174:
5172:
5170:
5155:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5144:
5129:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5118:
5103:
5097:
5096:
5094:
5092:
5073:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5062:
5056:
5045:
5037:
5031:
5030:
5028:
5026:
5010:
5004:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4984:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4962:
4956:
4955:
4953:
4951:
4937:
4931:
4930:
4928:
4926:
4911:
4905:
4904:
4902:
4900:
4885:
4879:
4878:
4876:
4874:
4860:
4852:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4838:
4829:Cheri Mossburg.
4826:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4800:
4794:
4793:
4791:
4789:
4770:
4764:
4747:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4721:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4710:
4694:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4680:
4665:
4659:
4658:
4638:
4632:
4631:
4611:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4600:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4574:
4559:
4553:
4552:
4532:
4526:
4508:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4494:
4479:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4468:
4453:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4435:
4416:
4410:
4409:
4407:
4405:
4390:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4365:
4358:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4332:
4326:
4325:
4307:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4287:. Archived from
4276:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4248:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4237:
4222:
4216:
4215:21 November 2010
4207:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4181:
4175:
4158:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4147:
4132:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4121:
4102:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4091:
4076:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4062:
4047:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4021:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4010:
3995:
3989:
3988:
3968:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3942:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3915:
3909:
3908:
3892:
3883:
3877:
3876:
3852:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3841:
3822:
3816:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3789:
3774:
3768:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3747:
3732:
3723:
3710:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3684:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3659:
3653:
3637:
3631:
3630:
3628:
3626:
3611:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3600:
3586:
3578:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3564:
3549:
3540:
3523:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3509:
3504:on 29 April 2014
3490:
3484:
3483:
3482:on 14 July 2013.
3468:
3462:
3456:
3450:
3433:
3427:
3410:
3404:
3387:
3381:
3364:
3358:
3341:
3335:
3334:
3328:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3241:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3130:
3124:
3106:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3080:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3029:. Archived from
3018:
3012:
2991:
2985:
2984:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2959:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2924:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2847:
2839:
2833:
2832:
2820:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2800:
2794:. Archived from
2787:
2778:
2769:
2768:
2738:
2732:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2576:
2570:. Archived from
2565:
2556:
2541:
2540:
2524:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2408:
2397:
2396:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2349:
2338:
2337:
2323:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2300:. Archived from
2289:
2283:
2282:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2186:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2121:. Archived from
2111:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2057:
2051:
2033:
2027:
2019:19 October 2010
2011:
2005:
1988:
1982:
1974:20 October 2010.
1964:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1938:
1878:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1857:
1611:National Guard.
1435:Syrian Civil War
1123:, 5 January 2014
1110:Apostolic Palace
1045:In light of the
972:Domestic affairs
690:Pervez Musharraf
674:waves of protest
616:
603:
543:
542:
513:Prince Abdulaziz
497:
489:
408:
388:
386:
246:
243:25 April 1975 –
235:
180:
152:
104:
101:1 August 2005 –
93:
77:
56:
55:
21:
9561:
9560:
9556:
9555:
9554:
9552:
9551:
9550:
9456:
9455:
9454:
9449:
9448:
9439:
9407:Abraham Accords
9391:
9385:
9228:
9210:1981–1982
9106:
9060:Peel Commission
8995:
8993:peace proposals
8989:
8952:
8942:
8932:
8922:
8914:
8904:
8896:
8888:
8880:
8872:
8864:
8854:
8844:
8836:
8828:
8820:
8810:
8802:
8794:
8784:
8774:
8764:
8756:
8748:
8742:Second Intifada
8740:
8729:
8722:Grapes of Wrath
8719:
8709:
8697:
8687:
8679:
8671:
8663:
8655:
8645:
8637:
8629:
8621:
8611:
8603:
8592:
8582:
8574:
8564:
8556:
8548:
8540:
8530:
8524:Munich massacre
8522:
8514:
8506:
8498:
8488:
8480:
8472:
8464:
8456:
8448:
8437:
8429:
8421:
8413:
8406:
8395:
8390:
8353:
8332:
8311:
8251:
8207:Black September
8185:
8126:Lebanese Forces
8047:
8043:Ba'athist Syria
8039:Syrian Republic
7984:and authorities
7983:
7977:
7976:
7962:
7929:
7924:
7894:
7889:
7876:
7869:
7862:
7849:
7811:
7773:Public holidays
7717:
7605:
7549:Foreign workers
7490:
7423:
7348:
7339:Nuclear program
7268:
7206:
7197:
7178:Emirate of Nejd
7134:
7125:
7095:
7090:
7076:
7067:
6837:
6826:
6821:
6791:
6786:
6777:
6711:
6700:
6695:
6665:
6660:
6651:
6610:
6599:
6594:
6559:
6547:
6538:
6530:
6515:
6506:
6498:
6482:23 January 2015
6477:
6471:
6470:
6463:
6418:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6403:
6402:
6392:
6390:
6389:on 19 July 2019
6381:
6380:
6376:
6366:
6364:
6363:on 31 July 2020
6360:
6353:
6349:
6348:
6344:
6334:
6332:
6319:
6318:
6314:
6304:Wayback Machine
6295:
6291:
6281:
6279:
6274:
6273:
6269:
6259:
6257:
6254:Financial Times
6248:
6247:
6243:
6233:
6231:
6218:
6217:
6213:
6203:
6201:
6191:
6187:
6177:
6175:
6166:
6165:
6161:
6151:
6149:
6140:
6139:
6132:
6122:
6120:
6103:
6099:
6089:
6087:
6086:. 11 March 2011
6078:
6077:
6073:
6063:
6061:
6048:
6047:
6043:
6033:
6031:
6027:
6026:
6022:
6012:
6010:
6009:on 16 June 2012
5995:
5991:
5981:
5979:
5969:
5965:
5955:
5953:
5943:
5936:
5926:
5924:
5914:
5910:
5900:
5898:
5889:
5888:
5884:
5875:Wayback Machine
5866:
5862:
5852:
5850:
5840:
5836:
5826:
5824:
5815:
5814:
5810:
5800:
5798:
5789:
5788:
5784:
5774:
5772:
5771:on 15 June 2013
5759:
5758:
5754:
5744:
5742:
5733:
5732:
5728:
5718:Wayback Machine
5709:
5705:
5695:
5693:
5684:
5683:
5679:
5669:
5667:
5658:
5657:
5653:
5643:
5641:
5631:
5627:
5617:
5615:
5606:
5605:
5601:
5591:
5589:
5580:
5579:
5575:
5565:
5563:
5550:
5549:
5540:
5530:
5528:
5519:
5518:
5514:
5504:
5502:
5497:
5496:
5492:
5482:
5480:
5470:
5466:
5456:
5454:
5444:
5440:
5427:
5426:
5422:
5418:. 11 April 2014
5413:Wayback Machine
5404:
5400:
5394:Wayback Machine
5384:
5377:
5367:
5365:
5356:
5355:
5351:
5341:
5339:
5330:
5329:
5325:
5315:
5313:
5304:
5303:
5299:
5289:
5287:
5270:
5266:
5256:
5254:
5244:
5237:
5227:
5225:
5216:
5215:
5206:
5196:
5194:
5191:Middle East Eye
5182:
5178:
5168:
5166:
5156:
5152:
5142:
5140:
5131:
5130:
5126:
5116:
5114:
5105:
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5090:
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5075:
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5070:
5060:
5058:
5054:
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5034:
5024:
5022:
5011:
5007:
4997:
4995:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4971:
4969:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4949:
4947:
4939:
4938:
4934:
4924:
4922:
4912:
4908:
4898:
4896:
4886:
4882:
4872:
4870:
4863:The Independent
4853:
4846:
4836:
4834:
4827:
4823:
4813:
4811:
4802:
4801:
4797:
4787:
4785:
4772:
4771:
4767:
4757:Wayback Machine
4748:
4744:
4734:
4732:
4723:
4722:
4718:
4708:
4706:
4695:
4688:
4678:
4676:
4667:
4666:
4662:
4655:
4639:
4635:
4628:
4612:
4608:
4598:
4596:
4587:
4586:
4582:
4572:
4570:
4569:. 27 March 2007
4561:
4560:
4556:
4549:
4533:
4529:
4519:Wayback Machine
4509:
4502:
4492:
4490:
4481:
4480:
4476:
4466:
4464:
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4413:
4403:
4401:
4391:
4387:
4377:
4375:
4360:
4359:
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4345:
4343:
4333:
4329:
4308:
4304:
4294:
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4277:
4273:
4263:
4261:
4250:
4249:
4245:
4235:
4233:
4224:
4223:
4219:
4208:
4204:
4194:
4192:
4182:
4178:
4168:Wayback Machine
4159:
4155:
4145:
4143:
4134:
4133:
4129:
4119:
4117:
4104:
4103:
4099:
4089:
4087:
4078:
4077:
4070:
4060:
4058:
4049:
4048:
4044:
4034:
4032:
4022:
4018:
4008:
4006:
4005:. 8 August 2011
3997:
3996:
3992:
3969:
3965:
3955:
3953:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3929:
3927:
3916:
3912:
3905:
3890:
3884:
3880:
3853:
3849:
3839:
3837:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3811:Wayback Machine
3801:
3797:
3787:
3785:
3784:. 15 March 2011
3776:
3775:
3771:
3759:
3755:
3745:
3743:
3734:
3733:
3726:
3720:Wayback Machine
3711:
3707:
3697:
3695:
3685:
3681:
3671:
3669:
3661:
3660:
3656:
3652:, 15 March 2003
3650:Pittsburgh Post
3647:Wayback Machine
3638:
3634:
3624:
3622:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3598:
3596:
3579:
3572:
3562:
3560:
3550:
3543:
3533:Wayback Machine
3524:
3517:
3507:
3505:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3470:
3469:
3465:
3457:
3453:
3444:Wayback Machine
3434:
3430:
3420:Wayback Machine
3411:
3407:
3397:Wayback Machine
3388:
3384:
3378:Wayback Machine
3365:
3361:
3351:Wayback Machine
3342:
3338:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3281:
3279:
3268:
3264:
3254:
3252:
3242:
3235:
3225:
3223:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3199:
3197:
3187:
3183:
3173:
3171:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3143:
3141:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3117:Wayback Machine
3107:
3103:
3093:
3091:
3081:
3077:
3067:
3065:
3050:
3046:
3036:
3034:
3019:
3015:
3009:The Independent
3005:Wayback Machine
2992:
2988:
2971:
2967:
2957:
2955:
2944:
2940:
2925:
2918:
2908:
2906:
2897:
2896:
2892:
2869:
2865:
2855:
2853:
2846:(Press release)
2845:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2821:
2814:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2785:
2779:
2772:
2739:
2735:
2725:Wayback Machine
2716:
2712:
2686:
2682:
2675:
2659:
2655:
2624:
2620:
2613:
2594:
2590:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2563:
2557:
2544:
2537:
2515:
2511:
2504:
2488:
2484:
2461:
2457:
2436:
2432:
2409:
2400:
2385:
2381:
2350:
2341:
2324:
2317:
2307:
2305:
2290:
2286:
2279:
2263:
2259:
2236:
2232:
2201:
2197:
2184:
2182:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2158:
2156:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2128:
2126:
2125:on 18 June 2012
2113:
2112:
2108:
2098:
2096:
2084:
2080:
2070:
2068:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2049:Wayback Machine
2034:
2030:
2025:Wayback Machine
2012:
2008:
2003:Wayback Machine
1989:
1985:
1980:Wayback Machine
1965:
1961:
1951:
1949:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1930:
1909:
1907:Foreign honours
1884:Reference style
1866:
1864:
1861:
1856:
1834:conjoined twins
1803:
1789:
1773:Al Oud cemetery
1728:November 2012.
1721:
1673:Turki bin Talal
1649:
1633:Riyadh Province
1617:Makkah Province
1608:
1584:Rifaat al-Assad
1561:
1546:Abdullah was a
1540:
1531:
1503:
1497:
1469:Najran Province
1447:
1431:Bashar al-Assad
1412:Nicolas Sarkozy
1397:
1377:
1369:John O. Brennan
1357:
1341:
1313:nuclear program
1274:
1258:Nouri Al Maliki
1253:
1202:
1193:
1102:
974:
958:
876:Second Intifada
848:
805:
774:
738:Asi bin Shuraim
729:
686:nuclear weapons
646:Al Saud dynasty
611:pronunciation:
537:
499:
498:
495:
483:
482:
474:
439:
438:
426:
423:Al Oud cemetery
420:
419:23 January 2015
410:
406:
405:23 January 2015
390:
384:
382:
346:
345:
323:
322:
314:
272:
267:
260:
253:
244:
231:
204:
199:
192:
187:
178:
177:13 June 1982 –
168:
150:
103:23 January 2015
102:
85:
80:
54:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9559:
9549:
9548:
9543:
9538:
9533:
9528:
9523:
9518:
9513:
9508:
9503:
9498:
9493:
9488:
9483:
9478:
9473:
9468:
9451:
9450:
9445:
9444:
9441:
9440:
9438:
9437:
9431:
9430:
9429:
9424:
9419:
9414:
9403:
9396:
9394:
9387:
9386:
9384:
9383:
9377:
9371:
9365:
9359:
9353:
9343:
9325:
9315:
9309:
9299:
9293:
9287:
9277:
9271:
9265:
9259:
9249:
9243:
9236:
9234:
9230:
9229:
9227:
9226:
9220:
9214:
9208:
9202:
9196:
9177:
9167:
9157:
9147:
9137:
9131:
9121:
9114:
9112:
9108:
9107:
9105:
9104:
9098:
9092:
9086:
9080:
9074:
9068:
9062:
9056:
9050:
9044:
9038:
9028:
9022:
9016:
9010:
9003:
9001:
8997:
8996:
8991:Diplomacy and
8988:
8987:
8980:
8973:
8965:
8958:
8957:
8954:
8953:
8951:
8950:
8949:
8948:
8940:
8930:
8920:
8912:
8902:
8894:
8886:
8878:
8870:
8862:
8852:
8847:Returning Echo
8842:
8834:
8826:
8818:
8800:
8792:
8782:
8772:
8762:
8754:
8746:
8737:
8735:
8731:
8730:
8728:
8727:
8717:
8712:Accountability
8707:
8695:
8685:
8677:
8669:
8661:
8657:First Intifada
8653:
8643:
8635:
8631:Bus 300 affair
8627:
8619:
8609:
8600:
8598:
8594:
8593:
8591:
8590:
8580:
8572:
8562:
8554:
8546:
8538:
8528:
8520:
8512:
8504:
8500:Yom Kippur War
8496:
8486:
8478:
8470:
8462:
8454:
8445:
8443:
8439:
8438:
8436:
8435:
8427:
8419:
8411:
8403:
8401:
8397:
8396:
8389:
8388:
8381:
8374:
8366:
8359:
8358:
8355:
8354:
8352:
8351:
8346:
8340:
8338:
8334:
8333:
8331:
8330:
8328:United Nations
8325:
8323:European Union
8319:
8317:
8313:
8312:
8310:
8309:
8304:
8299:
8297:United Kingdom
8294:
8289:
8284:
8279:
8274:
8269:
8263:
8261:
8257:
8256:
8253:
8252:
8250:
8249:
8244:
8239:
8234:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8214:
8209:
8204:
8199:
8193:
8191:
8187:
8186:
8184:
8183:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8158:
8153:
8148:
8143:
8138:
8133:
8131:al-Mourabitoun
8128:
8123:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8068:
8062:
8060:
8053:
8049:
8048:
8046:
8045:
8036:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8016:
8014:Ba'athist Iraq
8007:
8002:
7993:
7987:
7985:
7979:
7978:
7975:
7974:
7971:
7968:
7964:
7961:
7960:
7953:
7946:
7938:
7931:
7930:
7923:
7922:
7915:
7908:
7900:
7891:
7890:
7888:
7887:
7882:
7875:
7874:
7867:
7859:
7858:
7855:
7854:
7851:
7850:
7848:
7847:
7842:
7837:
7832:
7827:
7821:
7819:
7813:
7812:
7810:
7809:
7804:
7799:
7798:
7797:
7787:
7786:
7785:
7775:
7770:
7765:
7764:
7763:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7738:
7733:
7727:
7725:
7719:
7718:
7716:
7715:
7710:
7709:
7708:
7698:
7693:
7688:
7683:
7678:
7673:
7672:
7671:
7666:
7656:
7654:Discrimination
7651:
7650:
7649:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7623:
7617:
7611:
7610:
7607:
7606:
7604:
7603:
7602:
7601:
7591:
7586:
7581:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7545:
7544:
7539:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7508:
7502:
7496:
7495:
7492:
7491:
7489:
7488:
7486:Military ranks
7483:
7478:
7473:
7468:
7466:National Guard
7463:
7458:
7453:
7448:
7443:
7437:
7435:
7429:
7428:
7425:
7424:
7422:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7400:
7399:
7394:
7389:
7379:
7374:
7369:
7364:
7358:
7356:
7350:
7349:
7347:
7346:
7344:Prime Minister
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7290:
7280:
7274:
7273:
7270:
7269:
7267:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7220:
7214:
7208:
7207:
7200:
7198:
7196:
7195:
7193:Modern history
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7144:
7142:
7136:
7135:
7124:
7123:
7116:
7109:
7101:
7092:
7091:
7081:
7078:
7077:
7070:
7068:
7066:
7065:
7059:
7051:
7045:
7039:
7033:
7027:
7021:
7015:
7009:
7003:
6997:
6991:
6985:
6979:
6971:
6965:
6959:
6953:
6947:
6941:
6935:
6927:
6921:
6915:
6909:
6903:
6897:
6891:
6885:
6879:
6873:
6867:
6859:
6853:
6847:
6840:
6838:
6831:
6828:
6827:
6820:
6819:
6812:
6805:
6797:
6788:
6787:
6780:
6778:
6776:
6775:
6770:
6765:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6714:
6712:
6705:
6702:
6701:
6694:
6693:
6686:
6679:
6671:
6662:
6661:
6654:
6652:
6650:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6613:
6611:
6604:
6601:
6600:
6593:
6592:
6585:
6578:
6570:
6564:
6561:
6560:
6549:
6548:
6543:
6540:
6531:
6528:
6524:
6523:
6517:
6516:
6511:
6508:
6499:
6494:
6490:
6489:
6488:Regnal titles
6485:
6484:
6464:
6461:
6456:
6455:
6446:
6436:
6424:
6423:
6407:
6406:External links
6404:
6401:
6400:
6374:
6342:
6312:
6289:
6267:
6241:
6230:on 17 May 2008
6211:
6185:
6159:
6148:. Riyadh. 2013
6130:
6097:
6071:
6041:
6020:
5989:
5963:
5934:
5908:
5882:
5860:
5834:
5808:
5782:
5752:
5726:
5722:New York Times
5703:
5677:
5651:
5625:
5599:
5573:
5538:
5512:
5490:
5464:
5452:Channel 4 News
5446:Fatima Manji.
5438:
5420:
5398:
5375:
5349:
5323:
5297:
5264:
5235:
5204:
5176:
5164:Foreign Policy
5150:
5139:. 16 June 2011
5124:
5098:
5068:
5048:Cohen Milstein
5032:
5005:
4979:
4957:
4932:
4906:
4880:
4844:
4821:
4795:
4765:
4742:
4716:
4686:
4675:. 21 June 2017
4660:
4653:
4633:
4626:
4606:
4595:on 2 July 2021
4580:
4567:The Daily Star
4554:
4547:
4527:
4523:Foreign Policy
4500:
4474:
4441:
4411:
4385:
4353:
4327:
4302:
4271:
4243:
4217:
4202:
4176:
4153:
4127:
4097:
4068:
4042:
4016:
3990:
3963:
3937:
3910:
3903:
3878:
3867:(115): 27–32.
3847:
3817:
3795:
3769:
3753:
3724:
3705:
3679:
3654:
3632:
3606:
3570:
3541:
3515:
3485:
3463:
3451:
3428:
3405:
3382:
3359:
3336:
3315:
3289:
3262:
3233:
3207:
3181:
3151:
3125:
3101:
3075:
3044:
3033:on 7 June 2011
3013:
2986:
2965:
2938:
2916:
2890:
2879:(242): 29–32.
2863:
2834:
2812:
2791:The New Yorker
2770:
2733:
2710:
2680:
2673:
2653:
2618:
2611:
2588:
2575:(Policy Paper)
2542:
2535:
2509:
2502:
2482:
2455:
2430:
2419:(4): 587–601.
2398:
2379:
2339:
2315:
2284:
2277:
2257:
2230:
2211:(3): 445–460.
2195:
2166:
2136:
2106:
2078:
2052:
2028:
2006:
1983:
1959:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1917:
1908:
1905:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1880:
1879:
1871:
1870:
1855:
1852:
1814:in the world.
1802:
1799:
1788:
1785:
1733:herniated disc
1720:
1717:
1648:
1645:
1613:Prince Mishaal
1607:
1604:
1560:
1557:
1539:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1496:
1493:
1446:
1443:
1416:Jacques Chirac
1405:Lech Kaczyński
1396:
1393:
1376:
1373:
1356:
1355:Guantánamo Bay
1353:
1340:
1337:
1309:Adel al-Jubeir
1305:David Petraeus
1303:, and General
1273:
1270:
1252:
1249:
1244:Michelle Obama
1201:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1181:Saud Al Faisal
1101:
1098:
1024:Vladimir Putin
973:
970:
957:
954:
918:George W. Bush
854:Abdullah with
847:
844:
804:
803:Second in line
801:
773:
770:
728:
725:
631:King Abdulaziz
589:
588:
583:
579:
578:
573:
569:
568:
563:
557:
556:
553:
552:
548:
547:
539:
538:
536:
535:
533:Princess Abeer
530:
528:Princess Adila
525:
520:
518:Prince Mishaal
515:
510:
505:
496:36, including:
494:
493:
492:
490:
476:
475:
473:
472:
469:
464:
461:
458:
455:
449:
446:
436:
435:
434:
432:
428:
427:
421:
417:
413:
412:
409:(aged 90)
403:
399:
398:
380:
376:
375:
372:
371:
366:
362:
361:
356:
352:
351:
348:
347:
344:
343:
340:
337:
334:
329:
320:
319:
318:
317:
315:
309:
308:
305:
301:
300:
294:
293:
290:
286:
285:
282:
278:
277:
274:
273:
270:
268:
262:
261:
256:
254:
248:
247:
241:
237:
236:
228:
227:
222:
218:
217:
214:
210:
209:
206:
205:
202:
200:
194:
193:
190:
188:
182:
181:
175:
171:
170:
162:
161:
158:
154:
153:
147:
143:
142:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
112:
106:
105:
99:
95:
94:
82:
81:
78:
70:
69:
61:
60:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9558:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9534:
9532:
9529:
9527:
9524:
9522:
9519:
9517:
9514:
9512:
9509:
9507:
9504:
9502:
9499:
9497:
9494:
9492:
9489:
9487:
9484:
9482:
9479:
9477:
9474:
9472:
9469:
9467:
9464:
9463:
9461:
9436:
9432:
9428:
9425:
9423:
9420:
9418:
9415:
9413:
9410:
9409:
9408:
9404:
9402:
9398:
9397:
9395:
9388:
9382:
9378:
9376:
9372:
9370:
9366:
9364:
9360:
9358:
9354:
9352:
9348:
9344:
9342:
9338:
9334:
9330:
9326:
9324:
9320:
9316:
9314:
9310:
9308:
9304:
9300:
9298:
9294:
9292:
9288:
9286:
9282:
9278:
9276:
9272:
9270:
9266:
9264:
9260:
9258:
9254:
9250:
9248:
9244:
9242:
9238:
9237:
9235:
9231:
9225:
9221:
9219:
9215:
9213:
9209:
9207:
9203:
9201:
9197:
9195:
9190:
9186:
9182:
9178:
9176:
9172:
9168:
9166:
9162:
9158:
9156:
9152:
9148:
9146:
9142:
9138:
9136:
9132:
9130:
9126:
9122:
9120:
9116:
9115:
9113:
9109:
9103:
9099:
9097:
9093:
9091:
9088:1946–47
9087:
9085:
9081:
9079:
9075:
9073:
9069:
9067:
9063:
9061:
9057:
9055:
9051:
9049:
9045:
9043:
9039:
9037:
9033:
9029:
9027:
9023:
9021:
9017:
9015:
9011:
9009:
9005:
9004:
9002:
8998:
8994:
8986:
8981:
8979:
8974:
8972:
8967:
8966:
8963:
8959:
8945:
8941:
8937:
8936:
8931:
8927:
8926:
8925:Breaking Dawn
8921:
8917:
8913:
8909:
8908:
8903:
8899:
8895:
8891:
8887:
8883:
8879:
8875:
8871:
8867:
8863:
8859:
8858:
8853:
8849:
8848:
8843:
8839:
8835:
8831:
8827:
8823:
8819:
8815:
8814:
8809:
8808:
8805:
8801:
8797:
8793:
8789:
8788:
8787:Autumn Clouds
8783:
8779:
8778:
8773:
8769:
8768:
8763:
8759:
8755:
8751:
8747:
8743:
8739:
8738:
8736:
8732:
8724:
8723:
8718:
8714:
8713:
8708:
8704:
8700:
8696:
8692:
8691:
8686:
8682:
8678:
8674:
8670:
8666:
8662:
8658:
8654:
8650:
8649:
8644:
8640:
8636:
8632:
8628:
8624:
8620:
8616:
8615:
8610:
8606:
8602:
8601:
8599:
8595:
8587:
8586:
8581:
8577:
8573:
8569:
8568:
8563:
8559:
8555:
8551:
8547:
8543:
8539:
8535:
8534:
8529:
8525:
8521:
8517:
8513:
8509:
8505:
8501:
8497:
8493:
8492:
8487:
8483:
8479:
8475:
8471:
8467:
8463:
8459:
8455:
8451:
8450:Samu incident
8447:
8446:
8444:
8440:
8432:
8428:
8424:
8420:
8416:
8412:
8409:
8405:
8404:
8402:
8398:
8394:
8387:
8382:
8380:
8375:
8373:
8368:
8367:
8364:
8360:
8350:
8347:
8345:
8342:
8341:
8339:
8337:Former states
8335:
8329:
8326:
8324:
8321:
8320:
8318:
8316:Transnational
8314:
8308:
8305:
8303:
8302:United States
8300:
8298:
8295:
8293:
8290:
8288:
8285:
8283:
8280:
8278:
8275:
8273:
8270:
8268:
8265:
8264:
8262:
8258:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8238:
8235:
8233:
8230:
8228:
8225:
8223:
8220:
8218:
8217:Holy War Army
8215:
8213:
8210:
8208:
8205:
8203:
8200:
8198:
8195:
8194:
8192:
8188:
8182:
8179:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8159:
8157:
8154:
8152:
8149:
8147:
8144:
8142:
8139:
8137:
8134:
8132:
8129:
8127:
8124:
8122:
8119:
8117:
8114:
8112:
8109:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8099:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8091:Army of Islam
8089:
8087:
8084:
8082:
8079:
8077:
8074:
8072:
8069:
8067:
8064:
8063:
8061:
8057:
8054:
8052:Organizations
8050:
8044:
8040:
8037:
8035:
8032:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8022:
8020:
8017:
8015:
8011:
8010:Iraqi Kingdom
8008:
8006:
8003:
8001:
7997:
7994:
7992:
7991:All-Palestine
7989:
7988:
7986:
7980:
7973:Organizations
7972:
7969:
7966:
7965:
7959:
7954:
7952:
7947:
7945:
7940:
7939:
7936:
7932:
7928:
7921:
7916:
7914:
7909:
7907:
7902:
7901:
7898:
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7877:
7872:
7868:
7865:
7861:
7860:
7856:
7846:
7843:
7841:
7838:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7828:
7826:
7823:
7822:
7820:
7818:
7814:
7808:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7796:
7793:
7792:
7791:
7788:
7784:
7781:
7780:
7779:
7776:
7774:
7771:
7769:
7766:
7762:
7759:
7758:
7757:
7754:
7752:
7749:
7747:
7744:
7742:
7739:
7737:
7734:
7732:
7729:
7728:
7726:
7724:
7720:
7714:
7711:
7707:
7704:
7703:
7702:
7699:
7697:
7694:
7692:
7689:
7687:
7684:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7670:
7667:
7665:
7662:
7661:
7660:
7657:
7655:
7652:
7648:
7645:
7644:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7624:
7621:
7618:
7616:
7612:
7600:
7597:
7596:
7595:
7592:
7590:
7587:
7585:
7582:
7580:
7577:
7575:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7534:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7509:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7497:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7467:
7464:
7462:
7459:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7438:
7436:
7434:
7430:
7420:
7417:
7415:
7412:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7398:
7395:
7393:
7390:
7388:
7385:
7384:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7373:
7370:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7360:
7359:
7357:
7355:
7351:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7291:
7288:
7284:
7281:
7279:
7275:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7221:
7218:
7215:
7213:
7209:
7204:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7145:
7143:
7141:
7137:
7133:
7129:
7122:
7117:
7115:
7110:
7108:
7103:
7102:
7099:
7088:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7063:
7060:
7057:
7056:
7052:
7049:
7046:
7043:
7040:
7037:
7034:
7031:
7028:
7025:
7022:
7019:
7016:
7013:
7010:
7007:
7004:
7001:
6998:
6995:
6992:
6989:
6986:
6983:
6980:
6977:
6976:
6972:
6969:
6966:
6963:
6960:
6957:
6954:
6951:
6948:
6945:
6942:
6939:
6936:
6933:
6932:
6928:
6925:
6922:
6919:
6916:
6913:
6912:King Abdullah
6910:
6907:
6904:
6901:
6898:
6895:
6892:
6889:
6886:
6883:
6880:
6877:
6874:
6871:
6868:
6865:
6864:
6860:
6857:
6854:
6851:
6848:
6845:
6842:
6841:
6835:
6829:
6825:
6818:
6813:
6811:
6806:
6804:
6799:
6798:
6795:
6784:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6715:
6709:
6703:
6699:
6692:
6687:
6685:
6680:
6678:
6673:
6672:
6669:
6658:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6614:
6608:
6602:
6598:
6591:
6586:
6584:
6579:
6577:
6572:
6571:
6568:
6562:
6558:King Abdullah
6555:
6546:
6537:
6536:
6525:
6522:
6518:
6514:
6505:
6504:
6497:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6475:1 August 1924
6474:
6469:
6468:
6467:House of Saud
6459:
6453:
6450:
6447:
6444:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6434:
6429:
6426:
6425:
6421:
6410:
6388:
6384:
6378:
6359:
6352:
6346:
6330:
6326:
6325:Royal Embassy
6322:
6316:
6309:
6305:
6301:
6298:
6293:
6277:
6271:
6256:. 19 May 2008
6255:
6251:
6245:
6229:
6225:
6221:
6215:
6200:
6196:
6189:
6173:
6169:
6163:
6147:
6146:Janadria Farm
6143:
6137:
6135:
6118:
6114:
6113:The Telegraph
6109:
6101:
6085:
6081:
6075:
6059:
6055:
6051:
6045:
6030:
6024:
6008:
6004:
6000:
5993:
5978:
5974:
5967:
5952:
5948:
5941:
5939:
5923:
5919:
5912:
5896:
5892:
5886:
5879:
5876:
5872:
5869:
5864:
5849:
5845:
5838:
5822:
5818:
5812:
5796:
5792:
5786:
5770:
5766:
5762:
5756:
5740:
5736:
5730:
5723:
5719:
5715:
5712:
5707:
5691:
5687:
5681:
5665:
5661:
5655:
5640:
5639:Bloomberg L.P
5636:
5629:
5613:
5609:
5603:
5587:
5583:
5577:
5561:
5557:
5553:
5547:
5545:
5543:
5526:
5522:
5516:
5500:
5494:
5479:
5475:
5468:
5453:
5449:
5442:
5434:
5430:
5424:
5417:
5414:
5410:
5407:
5402:
5395:
5391:
5388:
5382:
5380:
5363:
5359:
5353:
5337:
5333:
5327:
5312:. 1 June 2018
5311:
5307:
5301:
5285:
5281:
5280:The Telegraph
5276:
5268:
5253:
5249:
5242:
5240:
5223:
5219:
5213:
5211:
5209:
5193:
5192:
5187:
5180:
5165:
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5154:
5138:
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5128:
5112:
5108:
5102:
5086:
5082:
5078:
5072:
5053:
5049:
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5036:
5020:
5016:
5009:
4993:
4989:
4983:
4967:
4961:
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4942:
4936:
4921:
4917:
4910:
4895:
4891:
4884:
4868:
4864:
4859:
4851:
4849:
4832:
4825:
4809:
4805:
4799:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4769:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4751:
4746:
4730:
4726:
4720:
4704:
4700:
4693:
4691:
4674:
4670:
4664:
4656:
4650:
4646:
4645:
4637:
4629:
4627:9780709951292
4623:
4619:
4618:
4610:
4594:
4590:
4584:
4568:
4564:
4558:
4550:
4548:9781136511578
4544:
4541:. Routledge.
4540:
4539:
4531:
4524:
4520:
4516:
4513:
4507:
4505:
4488:
4484:
4478:
4462:
4458:
4452:
4450:
4448:
4446:
4429:
4425:
4424:Asian History
4421:
4415:
4400:
4396:
4389:
4373:
4369:
4364:
4357:
4342:
4338:
4331:
4323:
4319:
4315:
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4306:
4290:
4286:
4282:
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4259:
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4214:
4211:
4206:
4191:
4187:
4180:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4162:
4157:
4141:
4137:
4131:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4101:
4085:
4081:
4075:
4073:
4056:
4052:
4046:
4031:
4030:Bloomberg L.P
4027:
4020:
4004:
4000:
3994:
3986:
3982:
3978:
3974:
3967:
3951:
3947:
3941:
3925:
3921:
3914:
3906:
3904:9798612846444
3900:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3851:
3835:
3831:
3827:
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3815:
3812:
3808:
3805:
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3779:
3773:
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3757:
3741:
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3731:
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3714:
3709:
3694:
3690:
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3668:
3664:
3658:
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3648:
3644:
3641:
3636:
3620:
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3610:
3594:
3590:
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3577:
3575:
3559:
3555:
3548:
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3530:
3527:
3522:
3520:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3489:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3467:
3460:
3455:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3432:
3425:
3424:Saudi Gazette
3421:
3417:
3414:
3409:
3402:
3401:Saudi Gazette
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1741:lumbar fusion
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1681:Fahd bin Badr
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1621:Prince Faisal
1618:
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1597:
1596:Prince Sultan
1593:
1589:
1585:
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1576:
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1550:in his youth.
1549:
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1538:Personal life
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1507:heir apparent
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1200:United States
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1005:Nora Al Fayez
1002:
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840:Prince Musaid
837:
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829:
828:Sudairi Seven
824:
818:
814:
809:
800:
798:
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790:
789:Saad bin Saud
783:
778:
769:
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508:Prince Faisal
506:
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503:Prince Khalid
501:
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389:1 August 1924
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359:Saad bin Saud
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19:
9349: /
9339: /
9335: /
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9321: /
9305: /
9283: /
9255: /
9247:Oslo Accords
9192: /
9183: /
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9153: /
9143: /
9127: /
9034: /
8934:
8924:
8906:
8856:
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8777:Summer Rains
8776:
8766:
8721:
8711:
8701:(1993–2008;
8690:Bramble Bush
8689:
8647:
8613:
8584:
8566:
8532:
8490:
8344:Soviet Union
8034:Saudi Arabia
7696:Prostitution
7669:universities
7642:Demographics
7537:Oil reserves
7382:Human rights
7324:Crown Prince
7244:Governorates
7128:Saudi Arabia
7082:
7053:
7036:Abdul Majeed
6973:
6938:Abdul Rahman
6929:
6918:Abdul Muhsin
6911:
6861:
6742:
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6479:
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6465:
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6431:
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6387:the original
6377:
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6358:the original
6345:
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6329:the original
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6058:the original
6053:
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6032:. Retrieved
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6007:the original
6002:
5992:
5980:. Retrieved
5977:The Guardian
5976:
5966:
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5950:
5925:. Retrieved
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5899:. Retrieved
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5820:
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5801:27 September
5799:. Retrieved
5795:The National
5794:
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5769:the original
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5738:
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5368:12 September
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5251:
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5221:
5197:11 September
5195:. Retrieved
5189:
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4782:the original
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4733:. Retrieved
4728:
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4709:12 September
4707:. Retrieved
4702:
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4593:the original
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4491:. Retrieved
4486:
4477:
4467:11 September
4465:. Retrieved
4460:
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4428:the original
4423:
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4399:The Guardian
4398:
4388:
4376:. Retrieved
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4340:
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4293:. Retrieved
4289:the original
4285:M&C News
4284:
4274:
4262:. Retrieved
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4230:the original
4220:
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4109:
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4029:
4019:
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4002:
3993:
3985:the original
3980:
3976:
3966:
3954:. Retrieved
3949:
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3928:. Retrieved
3924:The Guardian
3923:
3913:
3894:
3881:
3864:
3860:
3850:
3838:. Retrieved
3834:the original
3829:
3820:
3814:The Guardian
3813:
3798:
3786:. Retrieved
3781:
3772:
3756:
3744:. Retrieved
3740:The Guardian
3739:
3708:
3696:. Retrieved
3692:
3682:
3670:. Retrieved
3666:
3657:
3649:
3635:
3623:. Retrieved
3618:
3609:
3597:. Retrieved
3588:
3561:. Retrieved
3557:
3536:
3506:. Retrieved
3502:the original
3497:
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3480:the original
3475:
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3318:
3306:. Retrieved
3301:
3292:
3280:. Retrieved
3276:the original
3265:
3253:. Retrieved
3249:
3224:. Retrieved
3220:The Atlantic
3219:
3210:
3198:. Retrieved
3194:
3184:
3172:. Retrieved
3168:the original
3163:
3154:
3144:25 September
3142:. Retrieved
3137:
3128:
3120:
3104:
3092:. Retrieved
3088:
3078:
3066:. Retrieved
3062:the original
3057:
3047:
3035:. Retrieved
3031:the original
3026:
3016:
3008:
2989:
2978:
2968:
2956:. Retrieved
2952:The Guardian
2951:
2941:
2932:
2907:. Retrieved
2902:
2893:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2854:. Retrieved
2849:
2837:
2828:
2803:. Retrieved
2796:the original
2789:
2783:"The prince"
2751:(1): 59–83.
2748:
2742:
2736:
2729:Times Online
2728:
2713:
2696:
2692:
2683:
2663:
2656:
2634:(1): 59–69.
2631:
2627:
2621:
2601:
2591:
2579:. Retrieved
2572:the original
2567:
2520:
2512:
2492:
2485:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2440:
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2416:
2412:
2392:
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2357:
2353:
2331:
2306:. Retrieved
2302:the original
2297:
2287:
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2260:
2243:
2239:
2233:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2190:
2183:. Retrieved
2178:
2169:
2157:. Retrieved
2153:the original
2148:
2139:
2127:. Retrieved
2123:the original
2118:
2109:
2097:. Retrieved
2091:
2081:
2069:. Retrieved
2064:
2055:
2039:
2031:
2016:
2009:
1993:
1986:
1969:
1962:
1950:. Retrieved
1945:
1936:
1902:
1895:
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1831:
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1806:
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1710:
1697:Vogue Arabia
1695:
1685:
1650:
1637:
1625:Prince Turki
1609:
1577:
1562:
1553:
1532:
1519:
1512:
1504:
1489:
1473:
1451:
1448:
1439:
1428:
1409:
1386:
1378:
1358:
1342:
1333:
1301:Ryan Crocker
1294:
1286:
1281:Barack Obama
1263:
1254:
1240:
1227:Bill Clinton
1211:
1194:
1174:
1172:—attending.
1166:Shimon Peres
1154:
1139:
1126:
1103:
1089:
1085:
1067:
1044:
1033:
1029:
1009:
998:
993:national day
990:
978:
975:
967:
942:
934:
927:
923:
911:
896:
884:
872:
864:
861:
832:
821:
786:
730:
702:
694:Nawaz Sharif
666:
661:
635:
609:Najdi Arabic
604:
593:
592:
523:Prince Turki
484:
407:(2015-01-23)
245:13 June 1982
64:
48:
36:
9491:2015 deaths
9486:1924 births
9297:Taba Summit
9066:White Paper
8946:(2023–2024)
8876:(2015–2016)
8824:(2008–2009)
8816:(2007–2008)
8796:Lebanon War
8744:(2000–2005)
8659:(1987–1993)
8623:Lebanon War
8536:(1972–1979)
8484:(1968–1982)
8468:(1967–1970)
8458:Six-Day War
8431:Suez Crisis
8425:(1949–1956)
8417:(1948–1949)
8287:North Korea
8081:Arab League
7970:Authorities
7736:Visual arts
7676:Health care
7512:Agriculture
7456:Air Defense
7419:Visa policy
7239:Earthquakes
7188:Unification
6994:King Salman
6876:King Khalid
6856:King Faisal
6260:1 September
6178:8 September
6152:16 February
5775:3 September
5670:24 November
5618:24 November
5566:17 November
5396:, Channel 4
5257:1 September
5252:Vanity Fair
5061:6 September
5025:6 September
4788:15 February
4735:6 September
4729:PR Newswire
4705:(in Arabic)
4673:PR Newswire
3930:16 December
3746:16 December
3698:23 February
3255:1 September
3164:Google News
2994:Colin Brown
2903:PR Newswire
1783:in London.
1580:Aida Fustuq
1569:Bani Sakher
1505:Abdullah's
1455:magazine's
1236:White House
1223:state visit
1215:Gerald Ford
1047:Arab Spring
907:Arab League
891:Palestinian
823:King Khalid
815:(left) and
813:King Khalid
791:, a son of
678:Arab Spring
452:Aida Fustuq
355:Predecessor
281:Predecessor
271:King Khalid
213:Predecessor
119:Predecessor
41:Arabic name
9460:Categories
9433:2022
9405:2020
9399:2019
9379:2016
9373:2013
9367:2010
9361:2007
9355:2006
9345:2006
9327:2005
9317:2004
9311:2003
9301:2002
9295:2001
9289:2000
9279:2000
9273:1999
9267:1998
9261:1995
9251:1994
9245:1993
9239:1991
9222:1983
9216:1982
9204:1981
9198:1980
9179:1979
9169:1978
9159:1974
9149:1973
9139:1967
9133:1950
9123:1949
9117:1948
9100:1948
9094:1947
9084:Bevin Plan
9082:1947
9076:1946
9070:1939
9064:1939
9058:1937
9052:1922
9046:1920
9040:1919
9030:1918
9024:1917
9018:1916
9012:1915
9006:1914
9000:Background
8907:Black Belt
8813:Hot Winter
8673:Tunis raid
8648:Wooden Leg
8005:Hamas Gaza
7761:television
7632:Censorship
7554:Irrigation
7085:indicates
7012:Abdul Elah
6539:1982–2005
6507:2005–2015
6308:The Corner
6282:16 October
6123:16 October
6064:8 December
6054:Al Arabiya
6034:9 February
5982:23 January
5956:23 January
5927:23 January
5901:23 January
5853:1 February
5827:1 February
5761:"SPA News"
5644:23 October
5228:1 November
4434:23 October
4404:24 January
4378:24 January
4346:10 October
4236:23 October
4146:23 October
4120:23 October
4090:4 November
3956:23 October
3840:23 October
3788:23 October
3782:Al Jazeera
3625:23 October
3591:. London.
3563:23 October
3308:23 October
3226:16 January
3094:16 January
3037:23 October
2958:23 October
2909:23 October
2689:Mai Yamani
2099:2 December
2071:7 November
2065:Dunya News
2017:Al Jazeera
1971:Al Jazeera
1928:References
1847:in China.
1819:equestrian
1465:Sharia law
1329:Rafsanjani
1231:millennium
1162:Tony Blair
1130:interfaith
1121:John Kerry
988:pilgrims.
856:Dan Quayle
727:Early life
454:(divorced)
385:1924-08-01
307:1963–2010
9233:1991–2016
9212:Fahd Plan
9111:1948–1983
8734:2000–2021
8597:1980–1999
8442:1960–1979
8400:1947–1959
8176:as-Sa'iqa
8116:Hezbollah
8066:Abu Nidal
7967:Countries
7701:Terrorism
7664:libraries
7659:Education
7594:Transport
7517:Companies
7451:Air Force
7404:Judiciary
7372:Elections
7362:Basic Law
7254:Provinces
7249:Mountains
7212:Geography
6894:King Fahd
6850:King Saud
6199:Arab News
5592:18 August
5531:1 October
5505:1 October
5483:5 January
5457:5 January
5416:Al Akhbar
5342:16 August
5316:15 August
5081:Saudiwave
4998:5 January
4972:5 January
4950:5 January
4925:5 January
4899:5 January
4894:The Times
4873:5 January
4837:5 January
4814:5 January
4778:Arab News
4761:Arab News
4703:Al Akhbar
4589:"السدارى"
4487:Datarabia
4322:304080655
4257:Gulf News
4110:France 24
4009:11 August
3950:Al Akhbar
3830:Xinhuanet
3558:Nymag.com
3537:Arab News
3282:31 August
2856:18 August
2648:153974203
2450:303101806
2393:Datarabia
2374:153320942
2360:: 69–79.
2225:1755-0920
1862:Styles of
1827:heliports
1787:Influence
1765:pneumonia
1745:The Plaza
1677:Abdulaziz
1647:Daughters
1592:Abdulaziz
1461:Wahhabist
1317:Hezbollah
1146:Buddhists
817:King Fahd
793:King Saud
750:Abdulaziz
365:Successor
289:Successor
221:Successor
203:King Fahd
129:Successor
9307:Road map
8866:Gaza War
8822:Gaza War
8000:Republic
7880:Category
7807:Heritage
7795:football
7778:Religion
7751:Language
7691:Polygamy
7627:Abortion
7433:Military
7414:Passport
7278:Politics
7264:Wildlife
7132:articles
7030:Hathloul
6982:Turki II
6863:Muhammad
6642:Abdullah
6617:Ibn Saud
6462:Abdullah
6443:BBC News
6300:Archived
6117:Archived
6090:11 March
5951:NBC News
5871:Archived
5821:BBC News
5739:BBC News
5714:Archived
5664:BBC News
5499:"Report"
5409:Archived
5390:Archived
5362:Arabi 21
5290:14 March
5284:Archived
5169:13 April
4867:Archived
4753:Archived
4679:5 August
4515:Archived
4461:Al Sharq
4372:Archived
4318:ProQuest
4295:29 April
4264:22 April
4164:Archived
3926:. London
3873:42896401
3807:Archived
3716:Archived
3643:Archived
3593:Archived
3529:Archived
3440:Archived
3416:Archived
3393:Archived
3374:Archived
3370:BBC News
3347:Archived
3302:BBC News
3138:BBC News
3113:Archived
3001:Archived
2954:. London
2885:25164776
2805:23 April
2765:20202473
2721:Archived
2599:(2001).
2446:ProQuest
2333:Newsweek
2308:29 April
2246:: 1–22.
2045:Archived
2021:Archived
1999:Archived
1976:Archived
1952:27 April
1565:Al-Fayez
1548:falconer
930:al-Qaeda
865:de facto
670:Olympics
662:de facto
425:, Riyadh
59:Abdullah
39:In this
9392:present
9291:Isratin
8806:(2006–)
8752:(2001–)
8567:Entebbe
8533:Bayonet
8282:Morocco
8237:Palmach
8212:Haganah
8166:PFLP-GC
7864:Outline
7817:Symbols
7802:Theatre
7746:Cuisine
7723:Culture
7686:Obesity
7615:Society
7589:Tourism
7500:Economy
7299:Cabinet
7234:Climate
7224:Borders
7140:History
7083:Italics
7042:Mashour
7018:Mamdouh
6956:Mishari
6924:Mishaal
6906:Musa'id
6888:Mansour
6844:Turki I
6393:15 June
6367:16 June
6335:18 July
6204:29 July
5848:Reuters
5745:21 June
5696:18 June
5501:. OHCHR
5222:Almrsal
5143:28 July
5117:18 June
5091:18 June
4195:18 June
4035:18 June
3672:18 June
3599:4 April
3508:14 July
3333:. 2009.
3200:28 July
3174:18 June
3121:Reuters
3089:Reuters
3068:4 April
2831:: 3–12.
2581:28 July
2477:4371042
2185:9 April
2159:28 June
2129:18 June
2093:Reuters
1753:Al Quds
1339:Bahrain
1321:Mottaki
1150:Sikhism
1108:in the
1057:in the
754:Mishaal
734:Shammar
566:Al Saud
431:Spouses
342:Himself
313:Monarch
252:Monarch
186:Monarch
157:Monarch
50:Al Saud
45:surname
8938:(2023)
8928:(2022)
8918:(2021)
8910:(2019)
8900:(2019)
8892:(2018)
8884:(2018)
8868:(2014)
8860:(2012)
8850:(2012)
8840:(2011)
8832:(2010)
8798:(2006)
8790:(2006)
8780:(2006)
8770:(2006)
8760:(2003)
8725:(1996)
8715:(1993)
8693:(1992)
8683:(1991)
8675:(1988)
8667:(1988)
8651:(1985)
8641:(1985)
8633:(1984)
8625:(1982)
8617:(1981)
8607:(1980)
8588:(1978)
8585:Litani
8578:(1978)
8570:(1976)
8560:(1975)
8552:(1974)
8544:(1973)
8526:(1972)
8518:(1972)
8510:(1972)
8502:(1973)
8494:(1968)
8476:(1968)
8460:(1967)
8452:(1966)
8433:(1956)
8272:Kuwait
8267:France
8190:Former
8121:Kataeb
8059:Active
8024:Jordan
8019:Israel
7885:Portal
7835:Emblem
7825:Anthem
7741:Cinema
7532:Energy
7130:
7062:Hamoud
7055:Muqrin
7024:Sattam
7000:Thamir
6988:Fawwaz
6968:Nawwaf
6944:Mutaib
6931:Sultan
6900:Bandar
6870:Nasser
6647:Salman
6632:Khalid
6627:Faisal
6545:Sultan
6513:Salman
6478:
6234:15 May
6224:Xinhua
6084:Forbes
6013:9 June
4651:
4624:
4599:2 July
4573:24 May
4545:
4493:24 May
4320:
4061:5 July
4055:Parade
3901:
3871:
2883:
2763:
2671:
2646:
2609:
2533:
2500:
2475:
2448:
2372:
2275:
2223:
1923:(2003)
1916:(1982)
1807:Forbes
1801:Wealth
1794:Forbes
1573:Anizah
1523:Mutaib
1484:Ahmadi
1452:Parade
1382:Fujian
1142:Hindus
1093:sexual
1040:fatwas
868:regent
858:, 1990
797:Ikhwan
598:Arabic
582:Mother
572:Father
486:Detail
416:Burial
392:Riyadh
336:Khalid
332:Faisal
304:Tenure
258:Khalid
240:Tenure
174:Tenure
146:Tenure
133:Salman
110:Bay'ah
43:, the
9390:2019–
8614:Opera
8307:Yemen
8277:Libya
8222:Irgun
8111:Hamas
8101:Fatah
7871:Index
7845:Motto
7830:Dance
7790:Sport
7783:Islam
7768:Music
7756:Media
7647:youth
7637:Crime
7397:Women
7259:Wadis
7048:Ahmed
7006:Majid
6975:Nayef
6950:Talal
6882:Sa'ad
6480:Died:
6473:Born:
6361:(PDF)
6354:(PDF)
6003:Blitz
5055:(PDF)
5044:(PDF)
4833:. CNN
3981:XVIII
3891:(PDF)
3869:JSTOR
3327:(PDF)
2881:JSTOR
2799:(PDF)
2786:(PDF)
2761:JSTOR
2644:S2CID
2564:(PDF)
2473:JSTOR
2370:S2CID
1665:Abeer
1588:Adila
1559:Wives
1424:Saleh
1375:China
1325:Hamas
1063:shura
949:Sunni
746:Seeta
713:Nayef
650:Mecca
561:House
546:Names
480:Issue
98:Reign
8703:list
8491:Gift
8232:Lehi
8161:PFLP
8096:DFLP
8071:Amal
8041:and
8012:and
7998:and
7840:Flag
7599:rail
7559:OPEC
7446:Navy
7441:Army
7392:Rape
7387:LGBT
7319:King
6962:Badr
6637:Fahd
6622:Saud
6529:Fahd
6496:Fahd
6395:2016
6369:2016
6337:2013
6284:2012
6262:2013
6236:2008
6206:2012
6180:2013
6154:2013
6125:2012
6092:2011
6066:2012
6036:2012
6015:2012
5984:2015
5958:2015
5929:2015
5903:2015
5855:2013
5829:2013
5803:2012
5777:2012
5747:2018
5698:2012
5672:2010
5646:2011
5620:2010
5594:2013
5568:2012
5533:2021
5525:Sabq
5507:2021
5485:2020
5459:2020
5370:2020
5344:2020
5318:2020
5292:2015
5259:2020
5230:2020
5199:2020
5171:2012
5145:2012
5119:2012
5093:2012
5063:2020
5027:2020
5000:2020
4974:2020
4952:2020
4927:2020
4901:2020
4875:2020
4839:2020
4816:2020
4790:2013
4737:2020
4711:2020
4681:2020
4649:ISBN
4622:ISBN
4601:2021
4575:2014
4543:ISBN
4495:2014
4469:2020
4436:2011
4406:2015
4380:2015
4348:2020
4297:2012
4266:2024
4238:2011
4197:2012
4148:2011
4122:2011
4092:2011
4063:2013
4037:2012
4011:2013
3958:2011
3932:2016
3899:ISBN
3842:2011
3790:2011
3748:2016
3700:2017
3674:2012
3627:2011
3619:Ndtv
3601:2018
3565:2011
3510:2013
3310:2011
3284:2013
3257:2013
3228:2013
3202:2012
3176:2012
3146:2011
3096:2013
3070:2018
3039:2011
2960:2011
2911:2011
2858:2013
2807:2012
2669:ISBN
2607:ISBN
2583:2012
2531:ISBN
2498:ISBN
2310:2012
2273:ISBN
2221:ISSN
2187:2016
2161:2012
2131:2012
2101:2021
2073:2016
1954:2012
1779:and
1606:Sons
1590:and
1476:Hajj
1272:Iran
1251:Iraq
1144:and
986:Hajj
752:and
744:and
742:Nouf
658:Fahd
621:and
619:King
437:List
402:Died
379:Born
339:Fahd
327:Saud
321:List
191:Fahd
160:Fahd
123:Fahd
89:and
87:King
8151:PLO
8146:PLF
8141:PIJ
7731:Art
7354:Law
5895:BBC
5612:CNN
5586:BBC
4945:CBS
4920:CNN
4172:CNN
4140:HRW
4003:BBC
3865:115
3250:BBC
3195:BBC
2877:242
2753:doi
2749:120
2701:doi
2636:doi
2527:118
2421:doi
2362:doi
2298:PPP
2248:doi
2213:doi
2041:BBC
1995:BBC
1946:BBC
1567:of
982:CDC
682:BBC
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