22:
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196:
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393:
678:
465:
186:
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369:
126:
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218:, the surgeons and doctors worked for eight days with a total of only 16 hours of sleep. Conditions at the facility were occasionally insufficient and the hospital failed an initial inspection before opening on 13 January 1915. Electricity was at times intermittent and in case of an outage surgeries were performed by candlelight.
165:
The inside rather appalls one at first, it’s so very large and so many odd staircases; in fact it is very eerie, especially as there is no light anywhere at the moment and as you know a candle doesn't give much...The room I had felt very musty and in the morning my dress felt so damp I was afraid to
112:
in Paris and
Boulogne, but SWH was the largest such group with other locations in Serbia, Greece, Romania, and Corsica. Royaumont was the largest British voluntary hospital, one of the closest such hospitals to the front line, and the only one to operate continuously from January 1915 to March 1919.
176:
Although the facility was not ready to be used as a hospital, Dr. Ivens was very happy with the location, writing in 1917: "Although within sounds of the guns, its architectural beauty and the forest scenery in the neighbourhood made it an ideal spot in which the wounded soldiers could forget for a
247:
and included water and electrical sources independent of the rest of the facility. The X-ray car was highly coveted; other hospitals in the area occasionally used it and the
British military attempted to impound and keep the car for itself. In spite of their work, Dr. Ivans was restricted in her
282:
in 1916 her work in the use of X-rays to diagnose the presence of gas gangrene infection before the bacteriological reports could and before the advent of symptoms. This work was not widely accepted and in 1917 she expressed a desire that other radiologists consider this work to confirm her
177:
time the horrors and discomfort of war," When wards were overfilled, patients were occasionally carted outdoors between May and
October. Noticing that patients so placed recovered more quickly, doctors later accommodated patients outside to increase exposure to sunlight.
450:
who worked in obstetrics and gynaecology. The women established the
Royaumont Association after the unit disbanded in 1919 and there was an attempt to establish another SWH unit at Royaumont at the onset of World War II, but this failed.
238:
therapy to be especially effective. Doctors at the facility believed the collaboration of different specialties was important in fighting infection and avoiding excess amputations. The hospital had a mobile X-ray car manufactured by
841:
320:
345:, stated that while her father admired the female doctors, French politicians and military personalities who visited the hospital were initially less enthusiastic about their work. Among official recognition,
21:
1031:
862:
842:
https://archiveandlibrary.rcsed.ac.uk/special-collections/scottish-womens-hospitals-for-foreign-service/scottish-womens-hospitals-at-royaumont-france/1342699-group-photograph-of-royaumont-staff
1395:
253:
160:. Goüin was a rich industrialist and philanthropist whose poor health rendered him unable to fight and offering the use of the facility was to be part of his contribution to the war.
988:
274:
Doctors at the
Scottish Hospital at Royaumont made numerous important discoveries, although their contribution was not always acknowledged and their work required rediscovery.
1871:
1947:
1649:
365:, in her review of efforts during the war, also believed there was initially French resistance to female doctors, but that the doctors were well qualified and respected.
335:
2008:
2098:
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146:
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wrote: "We will never be able to express adequately to the
Scottish ladies at Royaumont and Villers Cotterêt our gratitude for their devotion to the French wounded’.
1705:
1469:
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415:. While by the end of the war she gained a formal appointment within the French military; besides her own decoration, six other Royaumont doctors were awarded the
266:
1820:
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1891:
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Female medical students in the UK raised money for the SWH and positions in the organization were desired. The group was also supported by, for instance, Dr
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150:
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in gas gangrene. Subsequent work on the use of X-ray for the diagnosis of gas gangrene do not refer to the work of SMH doctors. Among other work, Dr
214:(12 km away). There was no possibility of transferring patients to other nearby hospitals and patient load was occasionally extreme. During the
1805:
443:
and other theatres were no less valuable, and no body of women has won higher reputation for organizing power and for efficacy in works of mercy."
1740:
1644:
134:
419:; however there is no mention of the hospital in the British Official Medical History of the War and no British medals were given to the staff.
1725:
1489:
1609:
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424:
1720:
1983:
84:
The hospital was officially known as the Hôpital
Auxiliaire 301 and was never affiliated with the British military or British Red Cross.
100:. It was not the only facility of its kind; other female hospital units in France include the Women's Hospital Corps established by
149:, wife of the French military attaché to the French embassy in London, helped the group identify Royaumont Abbey, the property of
2073:
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2088:
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258:
1444:
1278:
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of the French military medical services to publish her results, and she was not allowed to present her work directly to the
283:
conclusions. Dr. Ivens presented on a similar topic and both Dr. Ivens and Dr. Savill's presentations were reviewed in the
133:
The SWH initially organized two units of 100 beds each to be entirely staffed by women partially funded by the affiliated
1639:
574:
Transcriptions of the names of nurses involved with the
Scottish Women's Hospitals taken from original lists held at the
195:
530:
349:
visited the hospital and twice sent a representative, Lt
Colonel Rampsont, on his behalf. The French president,
2078:
1715:
319:
Accounts vary as to the reception of women doctors, but before the war, the French Red Cross organization, the
1760:
1664:
701:
392:
38:
1279:"Deposited collections of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh CHM - Collection of Marjorie Chapman"
340:
2093:
1594:
384:, pioneer of medical education for women, a suffragette and Chief Surgeon of the Women's Hospital Corps).
96:. The soldiers treated at Royaumont were mostly French with some Senegalese and North Africans from the
1599:
381:
2023:
929:
Weiner, M-F. "The
Scottish Women’s Hospital at Royaumont", J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2014; 44: 328–36
723:
Etta Helen Maude Inglis - Orderly, Nurse, sister of Florence Elsie Inglis, niece of Elsie Maud Ingles
279:
1373:
1659:
1564:
481:
377:
284:
275:
101:
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1978:
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97:
405:
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ability to publish and present her results. In 1918 she had to obtain permission from General
1963:
1917:
1735:
1574:
155:
37:
was a medical hospital during World War I active from January 1915 to March 1919 operated by
941:"The Scottish Women's Hospitals: the first World War and the careers of early medical women"
775:
334:
in 1870 in part through the use of ‘feminine hands’. Mme Marie-Christine Daudy, daughter of
226:
Doctors at Royaumont also undertook cutting-edge research, focusing on the treatment of gas
2043:
1998:
1549:
1494:
1464:
1333:
631:
474:
447:
435:
lit up by the fame of Elsie Inglis will shine in history. Their achievements in France and
240:
677:
358:
114:
54:
8:
1937:
1922:
1851:
1539:
1499:
595:
575:
491:
331:
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93:
78:
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210:
Patients generally arrived from the Western Front by train to the evacuation station in
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138:
74:
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Violet Inglis - Orderly, sister of Florence Elsie Inglis, niece of Elsie Maud Ingles
411:
In spite of this support, Dr Ivens could not obtain a commission as a doctor in the
249:
113:
An ancillary hospital to Royaumont was established even closer to the front line-at
1932:
1685:
1634:
1479:
1073:
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42:
957:
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2028:
1544:
1334:"Trying to fine more details on these four women. (Peeblesshire) - RootsChat.Com"
416:
109:
46:
1368:
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77:. It was especially noted for its performance treating soldiers involved in the
2003:
1988:
1968:
1912:
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1654:
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1504:
1474:
1319:
1069:
520:
498:
446:
Many of the doctors left general practice after the war. An exception was Dr
401:
288:
141:
turned down the offered units and the women turned to the French and Belgian
70:
58:
1227:"Scottish Women's Hospitals, A-Z of Personnel" accessed on 13 October 2015:
243:
and purchased for £300. Installation of the X-ray equipment was assisted by
2013:
1554:
1529:
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1434:
1429:
1362:
1240:
1087:
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511:
412:
105:
404:
CBE MS(Lond) ChM(Liverp) FRGOG (1870–1944), was awarded membership of the
303:
wrote an MD thesis on the treatment of wounds that she presented in 1920.
1993:
1973:
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The Women of Royaumont: A Scottish Women's Hospital on the Western Front
361:
was a field ambulance established by the Royaumont doctors in 1917. The
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1886:
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1109:
1107:
1105:
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50:
25:
Dr Frances Ivens inspecting a French patient at Royaumont. Painting by
989:"Doctor Eileen Crofton: Physician and author who uncovered a story of"
774:
Catherine Bride O'Rorke - Nurse, awarded by the French Government the
1403:
1309:
708:
670:
Mary Gray - Nurse (died at Royaumont of appendicitis in January 1916)
235:
142:
840:
A group photograph (with names) of Royaumont staff can be seen here
227:
368:
311:
16:
Medical hospital during World War I, located in Val-d'Oise, France
565:
Dr Marian Elizabeth Wilson - died July 1917 of acute appendicitis
432:
270:
Trench foot as seen on an unidentified soldier during World War I
1439:
440:
436:
428:
125:
66:
1311:
The Scottish Women's Hospital at the French Abbey of Royaumont
1286:
1239:"Scarletfinders: Scottish Women's Hospitals Index of Names";
1034:, Mary Jane Selwood, Helensburgh Heritage, accessed July 2010
230:. The doctors found X-ray and bacteriology for diagnosis and
211:
62:
487:
Dr Elizabeth Butler - Pathologist (wife of Frederick Butler)
353:
and his wife visited on 20 September 1916. In 1918, General
1361:
Scarletfinders: Scottish Women's Hospitals Index of Names
580:
Scarletfinders: Scottish Women's Hospitals Index of Names
768:
Alison May Nicholson - Orderly, sister of Ruth Nicholson
1046:"A Case of Gas Gangrene Associated with B. Oedematiens"
108:
and the Women's Imperial Service League established by
477:- surgeon (later worked in obstetrics and gynaecology)
750:
Elizabeth Forbes MacPherson - Orderly and Storekeeper
578:
originally published in early 1920 are available at "
516:
Dr Florence Elsie Inglis - Niece of Elsie Maud Inglis
263:, her work being instead presented by a third party.
765:Florence Cecilia Moffat - Orderly, Physiotherapist
1367:List of names (subscription site) preview online
2060:
798:Madge Ramsay Smith - Secretary and Administrator
2099:Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service
523:- Chief Medical Officer in Charge of Royaumont
1389:
1369:https://www.scribd.com/doc/254467686/Untitled
330:, claimed that Germany was victorious in the
171:Littlejohn, the cook for the Women's hospital
588:A selection of individuals is listed below.
400:After the war the Chief Medical Officer, Dr
135:National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies
1229:http://scottishwomenshospitals.co.uk/women/
1396:
1382:
661:Elizabeth Forbes - Orderly and Storekeeper
585:A complete list in also available online.
1077:
1012:
1010:
956:
925:
923:
921:
919:
917:
915:
913:
911:
909:
907:
905:
903:
667:Elizabeth Gilmour Manuel Arthur - Orderly
454:
423:praised their work in a letter to the MP
321:Société de Secours aux Blessés Militaires
1405:Scottish Women's Hospitals World War One
1363:http://www.scarletfinders.co.uk/138.html
1307:
1241:http://www.scarletfinders.co.uk/138.html
938:
901:
899:
897:
895:
893:
891:
889:
887:
885:
883:
707:
676:
529:
463:
391:
367:
310:
265:
194:
184:
124:
20:
1043:
1016:
860:
762:Eunice Jean McGregor - Ambulance driver
681:Norah Neilson Gray self-portrait (1918)
601:Isobel Dorothy Banks - Ambulance Driver
2061:
1007:
835:
695:- Orderly, Housekeeper, and Seamstress
35:Scottish Women's Hospital at Royaumont
1377:
1283:Royal College of Physicians Edinburgh
880:
792:- Also worked at other SWH facilities
720:- Also worked at other SWH facilities
543:- Also worked at other SWH facilities
1289:from the original on 3 February 1915
61:, approximately 30 km north of
1640:Mary Elizabeth Phillips (physician)
861:Selwood, Mary Jane (4 April 2010).
607:Frederick Butler - Ambulance Driver
562:Dr Winifred Margaret Ross - surgeon
468:Poster showing women workers, 1915.
92:was not originally accepted by the
13:
1285:. Ref No DEP/CHM/1 Acc No 2011/9.
939:Cornelis, Marlene (5 April 2020).
41:(SWH), under the direction of the
14:
2110:
1355:
1025:
759:Eveline Christiana Martin - Clerk
756:Agnes Williamina Manson - Orderly
643:Ruby Jamieson Donaldson - Orderly
69:. The hospital was started by Dr
1044:Dalyell, E. J. (17 March 1917).
1032:Norah Neilson Gray: Glasgow Girl
738:Mary Crockatt Leuchars - Orderly
649:Ariadne Mavis Dunderdale - Nurse
1326:
1301:
1271:
1246:
945:Medicine, Conflict and Survival
831:Florence Stanley Winter - Nurse
741:Jean Marjorie Lindsay - Orderly
655:Catherine Maggie Findlay - Cook
610:Lucy Helen Carmichael - Orderly
427:: "The record of their work in
2074:Military medical organizations
1233:
1037:
981:
932:
867:www.helensburgh-heritage.co.uk
854:
828:Maud Winstanly - Nurse, Matron
816:Beatrice Victoria Warr - Nurse
698:Cecily Hamilton - Nurse, clerk
569:
482:Agnes Forbes Blackadder Savill
396:Contemporary view of the abbey
295:in 1917 about the presence of
1:
2084:United Kingdom in World War I
1308:Antonio., De Navarro (1917).
958:10.1080/13623699.2020.1748320
847:
825:Theodora Williamson - Orderly
822:Irene Mildred Whittet - Nurse
813:Maude Evelyn Waddle - Orderly
753:Jean Forbes MacPherson - Cook
646:Chloris Sarah Drabble - Nurse
637:Margaret Balfour Doig - Nurse
628:Patricia Ramsay Crabb - Nurse
315:Raymond Poincaré as President
254:Société de Chirurgie de Paris
180:
120:
2089:British women in World War I
2069:Military hospitals in France
1872:Jessie Elizabeth Martin Kerr
1595:Alexandrina Matilda MacPhail
863:"Helensburgh Heritage Trust"
306:
190:The Western Front 1915–1916.
137:. The UK War Office and the
7:
1974:Vera Christina Chute Collum
1243:; accessed October 13, 2015
735:Isa Andrews Larnoch - Nurse
732:Anna George Kreil - Orderly
729:Mabel Effie Jeffery - Nurse
658:Isabel Kelman Flett - Nurse
632:Margaret Charlotte Davidson
623:Vera Christina Chute Collum
221:
10:
2115:
1948:Marjorie Marshall-Cornwall
1650:Elizabeth Ness Mcbean Ross
1600:Katherine Stewart MacPhail
596:Millicent Sylvia Armstrong
592:Charlotte Almond - Orderly
459:
39:Scottish Women's Hospitals
2024:Harriet Christina Newcomb
2009:Margaret Helen Munro Kerr
1956:
1900:
1844:
1678:
1457:
1453:
1411:
819:Dulcie Mary White - Nurse
810:Mary Moir Trail - Orderly
771:Margaret Nicolson - Nurse
744:Dorothy Littlejohn - Cook
652:Margaret Fairle - Orderly
526:Dr Helen Lillie - Surgeon
387:
280:Royal Society of Medicine
1826:Margaret Caroline C Ryle
1017:Crofton, Eileen (1997).
801:Marjorie Starr - Orderly
786:Norah Quihampton - Nurse
747:Jessie MacPherson - Cook
147:Vicomtesse de la Panouse
49:. The Abbey is a former
1811:Cicely Mary Leigh Pope
1706:Florence Missouri Caton
1660:Agnes Forbes Blackadder
1565:Honoria Somerville Keer
783:M. A. Prys-Owen - Nurse
664:Madame Fox - Seamstress
604:Gertude Beckett - Nurse
378:Louisa Garrett Anderson
372:Louisa Garrett Anderson
336:Henry Goüin (1900-1977)
293:British Medical Journal
285:British Medical Journal
234:of affected tissue and
102:Louisa Garrett Anderson
90:Hôpital Auxiliaire 1918
88:'s painting was called
73:and founder of SWH, Dr
1979:Violet Douglas-Pennant
1908:Mary Josephine Bedford
1590:Mary Lauchline McNeill
1062:10.1136/bmj.1.2933.361
804:Nettie Stein - Orderly
780:Winifred Parry - Nurse
713:
682:
640:Alma Dolling - Orderly
535:
469:
455:List of hospital staff
397:
373:
316:
287:. In related work, Dr
271:
207:
200:Hôpital Auxilaire 1918
192:
168:
130:
98:French colonial troops
30:
2079:France in World War I
1964:Wilhelmina Hay Abbott
1918:Elsie Cameron Corbett
1736:Margaret Neill Fraser
1314:. Allen & Unwin.
1254:"Abbaye de Royaumont"
711:
693:Edith Catherine Hacon
680:
634:- Orderly then Nurse
533:
467:
395:
371:
314:
269:
198:
188:
163:
128:
24:
2044:Leslie Joy Whitehead
1781:Margaret W Hutchison
1711:Margaret Cowie Crowe
1550:Isabel Emslie Hutton
1495:Lilian Violet Cooper
1465:Louisa Aldrich-Blake
795:Ruth Scott - Orderly
475:Louisa Aldrich-Blake
355:Henri Jean Descoings
232:surgical debridement
53:abbey, located near
2094:Voluntary hospitals
1957:Other support staff
1938:Rotha Lintorn-Orman
1923:Maud Doria Haviland
1892:Sara Payne Morrison
1852:Millicent Armstrong
1540:Laura Margaret Hope
1500:Elizabeth Courtauld
836:Further Information
576:Imperial War Museum
553:- Assistant surgeon
492:Elizabeth Courtauld
363:Comtesse de Courson
332:Franco-Prussian War
216:Battle of the Somme
94:Imperial War Museum
79:Battle of the Somme
1867:Mary H J Henderson
1766:Evelina Haverfield
1746:Norah Neilson Gray
1696:Mary De Burgh Burt
1625:Gladys Miall-Smith
1585:Beatrice MacGregor
1535:Lydia Manley Henry
776:Médaille militaire
718:Evelina Haverfield
714:
712:Evelina Haverfield
687:Norah Neilson Gray
683:
619:Elizabeth Colledge
558:Gladys Miall-Smith
546:Dr Helen McDougall
536:
499:Elsie Jean Dalyell
470:
398:
374:
317:
272:
208:
204:Norah Neilson Gray
193:
131:
31:
27:Norah Neilson Gray
2056:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2039:Edith Anne Stoney
2019:Agnes T MacKenzie
1901:Ambulance drivers
1862:Kathleen N Dillon
1845:Nursing orderlies
1836:Caroline Toughill
1831:Bessie Sutherland
1791:Hughina McCulloch
1716:Margaret Davidson
1691:Elizabeth Bertram
1620:Caroline Matthews
1615:Louisa Martindale
1510:Georgina Davidson
1338:www.rootschat.com
1056:(2933): 361–362.
1021:. Tuckwell Press.
995:. 14 October 2010
807:Jean Thom - Nurse
625:- X-ray assistant
541:Louisa Martindale
534:Louisa Martindale
512:Elsie Maud Inglis
505:Lydia Manly Henry
421:Winston Churchill
291:published in the
278:presented to the
139:British Red Cross
115:Villers-Cotterêts
86:Nora Neilson Gray
75:Elsie Maud Inglis
55:Asnières-sur-Oise
2106:
1969:C Muriel Craigie
1943:Matilda McDowell
1933:Olive Kelso King
1801:Augusta Minshull
1776:Margaret Houston
1761:Katherine Harley
1686:Jean Aitken Bell
1635:Grace Pailthorpe
1580:Helen MacDougall
1480:Mary Alice Blair
1455:
1454:
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1000:
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960:
936:
930:
927:
878:
877:
875:
873:
858:
702:Katherine Harley
614:Marjorie Chapman
448:L. Aldrich-Blake
406:Légion d'honneur
359:Villers Cotterêt
351:Raymond Poincaré
344:
329:
262:
172:
159:
43:French Red Cross
2114:
2113:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2048:
2029:Alma Rattenbury
1999:Mary Henderson
1952:
1896:
1882:Isobel MacPhail
1840:
1756:Alice Annie Guy
1731:Louise E Fraser
1674:
1545:Alice Hutchison
1520:Edna Mary Guest
1449:
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1008:
998:
996:
993:The Independent
987:
986:
982:
937:
933:
928:
881:
871:
869:
859:
855:
850:
838:
704:- Administrator
572:
462:
457:
417:Croix de Guerre
390:
347:Maréchal Joffre
338:
323:
309:
276:Dr Agnes Savill
256:
224:
191:
183:
174:
170:
166:get into it...
153:
129:Dr Elsie Inglis
123:
110:Florence Stoney
47:Royaumont Abbey
45:and located at
17:
12:
11:
5:
2112:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
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2081:
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2049:
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2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2004:Kathleen Innes
2001:
1996:
1991:
1989:Miles Franklin
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999:16 November
872:14 November
570:Other staff
425:A. F. Whyte
339: [
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245:Marie Curie
154: [
2063:Categories
1928:Vera Holme
1887:Ethel Moir
1816:Janet Reid
1721:Agnes Earl
1424:Kragujevac
848:References
616:- Nurse LI
301:L.M. Henry
181:Facilities
121:Beginnings
59:Val-d'Oise
51:Cistercian
1984:Maud Ford
1751:Mary Grey
1419:Royaumont
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1293:23 August
1263:16 August
1070:0959-8138
975:214811345
598:- Orderly
507:- Surgeon
382:Elizabeth
307:Reception
236:antiserum
143:Red Cross
1435:Salonika
1287:Archived
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967:32249598
228:gangrene
222:Research
1458:Doctors
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145:. The
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1316:OCLC
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