516:, including the right to designate their own seal. In 1686, the charter was granted. It included the right of the city to "breake Change Alter and new make their said Comon Seale when and as often as to them it shall seem convenient". The city's Common Council then adopted a new seal on July 24, 1686, the first to be designed and approved by the city in its own right. The design contained many elements that survive in the current city seal—namely, a shield featuring windmill sails, beavers, and flour barrels, a colonial sailor and a Native American as supporters, a Latin legend, a founding date (in this case, 1686 was used), and a laurel wreath. The first known use of the 1686 seal reveals that the seal featured a ducal crown at the crest, a fact that has puzzled historians, since the city's owner and namesake, James II, had ascended to the throne of England in 1685, and thus the use of an imperial crown would have been warranted. Subsequent uses of the seal show that a change to an imperial crown was made, although the exact date of the change is unknown.
459:
758:
676:
716:
700:
770:
505:
743:
471:, which owned and ultimately managed the province of New Netherland. A proposal for a coat of arms of New Amsterdam had been put forward as early as 1630; it featured beavers in the role of supporters, an acknowledgment of the importance of the trade in beaver skins to the growing economy of the province. The beaver was also the prominent element of the seal of New Netherland. However, this design was rejected. The Dutch West India Company instead chose a design that featured the company's insignia on a mantle and a single beaver over a shield emblazoned with a modified version of the
664:
388:
28:
688:
553:
590:
728:
1655:
602:
position. Their physical appearance also varied. The eagle was sometimes depicted looking the wrong way. Other objects, such as an anchor or ships, were sometimes added. As the 250th anniversary of the installation of the city's first mayor approached, the numerous variations in the seal's appearance prompted the city to appoint a committee to determine the correct design of the seal. This committee, composed of members of the city's Arts
Commission, worked with the
1643:
544:, resulted in the creation of an additional seal. The 1686 seal and the so-called "small seal" remained as official seals of the city, while a third seal was created for the mayor. This mayoral seal was similar in design to the city seal, except that it was circular instead of oval and bore the legend "City of New York Seal of Mayoralty". A law was then passed designating for which purpose each seal could be used.
1631:
424:
193:; his left arm bent, his left hand resting on the top of the shield; above his right shoulder a cross-staff. Sinister, an Indian of Manhattan, his right arm bent, his right hand resting on top of the shield, his left hand holding the upper end of a bow, and lower end of which rests on the ground. Shield and supporters resting upon a horizontal
606:
to study imagery and seals going back to the earliest days of New
Amsterdam. Incorporating that historical iconography, the committee developed a new seal design, which was submitted to the Board of Aldermen (formerly known as the Common Council) on March 16, 1915. The board approved the design seven
431:
Prior to 1915, New York City did not have an official flag. Unofficially, a flag was in use throughout the city that featured an unofficial version of the city seal, in blue, on a white field. A 1915 Arts
Commission committee which redesigned the city seal noted that there was no record that the city
902:
Seal and Flag of the City of New York : Authorized by the
Committee Appointed by the Mayor to Commemorate the Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of the Installation of the First Mayor and Board of Aldermen of the City of New York on June 24, 1665, and the Adoption of the Official City Flag on
790:
Seal and Flag of the City of New York : Authorized by the
Committee Appointed by the Mayor to Commemorate the Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of the Installation of the First Mayor and Board of Aldermen of the City of New York on June 24, 1665, and the Adoption of the Official City Flag on
564:
in 1783, New York City had three official seals. Among the first post-war acts of the New York City Common
Council was the removal of the British imperial crown from these seals. In 1784, new seals were adopted, with a crest featuring an eagle resting on a hemisphere, a device taken from the seal of
444:
In addition, the code forbids use of the seal by anyone who is not the city clerk or "other officers of the city who are required or authorized to have or use the corporate seal of the city". In this regard, it states that "any representation of the city seal used on any vehicle other than one owned
636:
on the city's flag from 1664 to 1625. While 1625 was the year that New
Amsterdam was designated the seat of government for the New Netherland province, historians have noted that it is not the year when New Amsterdam was incorporated or physically established. Despite objections from historians and
611:
to develop a physical version of the revised seal. After adopting this new design, the city once again had a single seal to be used by all offices of the government. At the recommendation of the Arts
Commission, the Board of Aldermen also adopted an official flag for the city, on which a version of
495:
Although New
Amsterdam was surrendered to the British in 1664, whereupon its name was changed to New York, the seal of New Amsterdam remained in use until 1669. In that year, both the city and the province of New York received new seals from the Duke of York. However, the design of the city seal of
341:
among historians, as there is evidence that the first
European settlers actually arrived in the region, and established what became New Amsterdam, in 1624. New Amsterdam was incorporated in 1653. Different founding dates have appeared on the seal throughout its history. Beneath the date is a ribbon
615:
The design of the 1915 seal remained faithful to the design of the 1686 seal, with the exception of the crest, where it used the eagle-and-hemisphere device from the 1784 seal. The inaccuracies in the depiction of the Native American supporter were corrected and the cross-staff was restored to the
572:
Aside from the removal of the British crown and addition of a new crest, the 1784 city seal differed from its predecessor only by rendering the Native American's bow, incorrectly, as double-curved (which was a type of bow not typically used by Algonquian peoples), removing the cross-staff from the
440:
According to the New York City Administrative Code, the city seal cannot be displayed with any alteration or addition to the standard design. The only exception is in its use on the city flag or "for architectural or ornamental purposes", in which case the Latin legend may be omitted. A defaced or
80:
Dexter (bearer's right, viewer's left), a sailor, his right arm bent, and holding in his right hand a plummet; his left arm bent, his left hand resting on the top of the shield; above his right shoulder, a cross-staff. Sinister (bearer's left, viewer's right), an Indian of Manhattan, his right arm
531:
After the 1686 seal was adopted, a second, slightly different city seal appears in the historical record, affixed to documents signed by multiple mayors. The creation of this second seal was not recorded in the minutes of the Common Council, and its origins are unknown. It is referred to in later
466:
From its founding until 1654, the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam did not have its own seal. Because it was managed by the provincial governor of New Netherland, it used the seal of New Netherland. After incorporation in 1653, which granted New Amsterdam its own government, the city requested a
601:
While the city seal remained officially unchanged, many unofficial changes were made between 1784 and 1915, due to mistakes, artistic license, or ignorance of the seal's design. In some versions used during this period, the sailor and Native American switched sides or were depicted in a seated
820:
While the seal contains elements from coats of arms, the city's Administrative Code does not include a provision for a separate coat of arms for the city. The code does not include a description of the color of the seal, except that it should be rendered in blue on the city's
414:
In practice, in addition to the above, the city seal is used as a lectern adornment for speeches or statements by the mayor, the speaker of the City Council, or other city officials. The city also uses the seal for commercial purposes, selling items on which it is featured.
398:
The New York City Administrative Code states that the seal "shall be used for all requisite purposes" by the city clerk and "all other officers of the city who are required or authorized to have or use the corporate seal of the city". It then states that the seal can be:
311:. Specifically, the flour barrels and windmill sails represent the tremendous wealth generated by New York City from the Bolting Act of 1674. The act gave the city an exclusive monopoly to mill and export flour. The shield and supporters rest on a horizontal
143:. The seal has since undergone multiple changes, and for a period the city had multiple seals. These changes and multiple seals largely resulted from the city's transition to British and, later, American control, as well as from tensions between the
519:
A notable aspect of the 1686 seal is the depiction of the Native American supporter, which does not conform to descriptions of the Native Americans who lived in and around Manhattan. Specifically, the seal depicts the Native American wearing a
432:
had adopted this flag. At the committee's recommendation, the city adopted its current flag in 1915, featuring a modified version of the newly adopted city seal—the modification being the absence of the seal's Latin legend.
402: 1. Impressed or printed on documents, publications or stationery, issued or used by or in the name of or under the authority of the city, its agencies or of any borough or department thereof,
132:, it is used to identify documents or publications issued under the authority of the city or its departments. It is also engraved into property owned by the city, used to identify officers of the city, and featured on
757:
576:
Officially, the design of the 1784 city seal remained in effect throughout the 19th century. During the same period, the mayoral seal and seal of the Mayor's Court fell into disuse. With regard to the latter,
699:
565:
New York State. The Common Council published a description of the new seals and their purpose in the city's newspapers. In this description, the "small seal" is identified as the seal of the
849:
769:
411:
The Administrative Code further states that the city seal shall appear on the city flag "in blue upon the middle or white bar, omitting the legend Sigillum Civitatis Novi Eboraci".
581:
was the last mayor to preside over the Mayor's Court. As a result of the lack of mayoral involvement, the court was transitioned, by law, into the Court of Common Pleas in 1821.
742:
1446:
475:. The original full-color rendering of this first official symbol of the city has since been lost, but historians have conjectured that, on the shield, the central
330:. The eagle replaced an imperial crown, which had represented the authority of the British monarch during the colonial period. The eagle rests on a hemisphere.
715:
1685:
479:
was black, the three crosses were white, the field was red, and the bands bordering the central pale were either gold or white, in keeping with the heraldic
1690:
641:
signed O'Dwyer's bill changing the date on the city flag in 1975. A separate bill to modify the city seal in the same manner was approved two years later.
663:
871:
628:
The most recent modification to the city seal occurred in 1977, at the urging of the president of the City Council (formerly the Board of Aldermen),
1256:
933:
102:
Shield and supporters rest upon a horizontal laurel branch. Beneath the horizontal laurel branch the date 1625. A laurel wreath encircles the seal.
1365:
966:
445:
or used by the city, shall subject the owner of such vehicle to a fine of twenty-five dollars or imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten days".
1260:
179:
Upon a shield, saltire wise, the sails of a windmill. Between the sails, in chief a beaver, in base a beaver, and on each flank a flour barrel.
1438:
633:
617:
338:
675:
81:
bent, his right hand resting on top of the shield, his left hand holding the upper end of a bow, the lower end of which rests on the ground.
230:
The design of the current seal of New York City is adapted from the seal of the city first used in 1686. It features common elements from
1583:
620:
on the seal was changed from 1686, the year of the city's British charter, to 1664, the year the city's name was changed to New York.
1595:
1072:
1551:
727:
70:
Saltire-wise, the sails of a windmill. Between the sails, in chief a beaver, in base a beaver, and on each flank a flour barrel.
1473:
649:
458:
258:
1337:
Twentieth Annual Report of the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society to the Legislature of the State of New York
1675:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1589:
1521:
1235:
History of the Court of Common Pleas of the City and County of New York, with Full Reports of All Important Proceedings
254:
1680:
1315:
129:
1710:
118:
On documents from the city, as a symbol identifying officers of the city, adorning city property and the city flag
405: 2. Carved or otherwise represented on buildings or structures owned by the city, or
1715:
566:
1399:
763:
The shield and supporters engraved into the pediment of the former New York City Police Department building
876:
603:
204:
Beneath the horizontal laurel branch the date 1625 being the year of the establishment of New Amsterdam.
1621:
1466:
561:
333:
Beneath the shield is the date, 1625, when New Amsterdam was designated the capital of the province of
171:
According to the New York City Administrative Code, the city seal must adhere to the following design:
999:
644:
Since 1977, the seal has faced occasional scrutiny. For example, on July 27, 2020, the city's mayor,
472:
1435:
687:
483:. The draped mantling at the top was likely a tricolor of orange, white, and blue, referencing the
468:
327:
308:
218:
Upon a ribbon encircling the lower half of the design the words "Sigillum Civitatis Novi Eboraci".
648:, recommended that a commission study the appropriateness of the seal's design in the wake of the
1559:
1505:
484:
512:
In 1683, the city's Common Council petitioned the colonial governor of New York for an official
504:
144:
133:
1332:
1305:
1601:
1544:
1459:
907:
706:
239:
148:
775:
A modified version of the shield and supporters on the badge of the city police commissioner
1659:
1607:
1537:
1513:
943:
8:
1497:
387:
364:
360:
323:
278:
262:
139:
New York City has had a seal since 1654, when the city was the Dutch settlement known as
1250:
938:
734:
552:
525:
1407:
1373:
1311:
1238:
974:
900:
788:
749:
65:
480:
274:
247:
55:
273:—in his right hand, while over his right shoulder is another navigational tool, a
1647:
1442:
629:
573:
colonial sailor, and adding fruit-bearing branches on either side of the shield.
476:
1529:
645:
578:
391:
334:
270:
1242:
632:, who sought to recognize the city's Dutch origin. In 1974, he first proposed
151:. The current seal was designed in 1915 and most recently modified in 1977.
1669:
1635:
1411:
1377:
978:
638:
589:
371:
357:
293:
194:
140:
40:
27:
394:, the city's 109th mayor, speaking from a lectern adorned with the city seal
1482:
608:
594:
541:
231:
1073:"Of Seals and Rampant Beavers: New York City's Flag on its 100th Birthday"
607:
days later, and the Arts Commission contracted renowned American sculptor
1276:
History of the Court of Common Pleas of the City and County of New York
521:
319:
312:
155:
967:"NEW YORK DAY BY DAY; For $ 150, You Can Buy City Seal - in Cast Iron"
189:
Dexter, a sailor, his right arm bent, and holding in his right hand a
496:
1669 is not known, as no descriptions or uses of it have been found.
286:
266:
243:
190:
184:
75:
748:
Circular variant of the 1915 seal as a decorative engraving on the
669:
Provincial seal of New Netherland, used by New Amsterdam until 1654
348:
235:
128:
is the city's official corporate insignia. According to the city's
1400:"N.Y.C. Seal, With a Native American in Loincloth, Faces Scrutiny"
540:
In 1735, a feud between the Common Council and the city's mayor,
513:
35:
1232:
1451:
304:
297:
282:
408: 3. Otherwise officially portrayed.
1307:
The Politics of Urban Beauty: New York and Its Art Commission
441:
canceled seal must remain in the custody of the city clerk.
301:
86:
1447:
New York City Department of Citywide Administrative Services
965:
Anderson, Susan Heller; Dunlap, David W. (April 22, 1985).
499:
423:
353:
211:
Upon a hemisphere, an American eagle with wings displayed.
721:
Pre-1915 unofficial city flag featuring an unofficial seal
593:
The seal as depicted in 1915 on the original sculpture by
374:, an ancient Greek symbol of victory, encircles the seal.
296:
recall the city's Dutch history as New Amsterdam, and the
1310:. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. p. 152.
709:. Note the many deviations from the official seal design.
60:
An American eagle with wings displayed, upon a hemisphere
1619:
1339:. Albany: J. B. Lyon Company, Printers. p. 819.
1333:"Appendix H – Seal and Flag of the City of New York"
158:
of New York City is the custodian of the city seal.
524:, which was not a headdress known to be worn among
221:6. The whole encircled by a laurel wreath.
1667:
934:"New York's Birth Date: Don't Go by City's Seal"
253:The two supporters represent friendship between
927:
925:
964:
346:, which means "Seal of the City of New York".
1467:
1686:Official seals of places in New York (state)
1255:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
922:
1691:Municipal coats of arms in New York (state)
1584:Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal
1000:"NYC CityStore - Search Results for "seal""
318:Located at the crest over the shield is an
1474:
1460:
1397:
1259:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
906:. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. pp.
94:(Latin for "Seal of the City of New York")
1596:Merchant Marine Meritorious Service Medal
1237:. Published by Subscription. p. 23.
1233:Brooks, James Wilton, 1854-1916. (1896).
535:
487:in use at the founding of New Amsterdam.
1552:Celestial Sphere Woodrow Wilson Memorial
705:Ceiling engraving in the chamber of the
588:
551:
503:
457:
422:
386:
1366:"Catholic Cemetery on S.i. Is Approved"
931:
852:. American Legal Publishing Corporation
166:
1668:
1303:
1273:
844:
842:
840:
838:
532:city laws merely as the "small seal".
1455:
1352:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1291:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1220:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1205:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1190:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1175:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1160:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1145:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1130:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1115:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1100:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1067:
1065:
1056:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1041:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1026:Seal and Flag of the City of New York
1349:
1330:
1288:
1217:
1202:
1187:
1172:
1157:
1142:
1127:
1112:
1097:
1053:
1038:
1023:
898:
786:
733:Ornamental shield and supporters in
265:position, a sailor colonist holds a
892:
850:"New York City Administrative Code"
835:
367:, for whom New York City is named.
13:
1522:Abraham Lincoln: The Hoosier Youth
1398:Rubinstein, Dana (July 27, 2020).
1062:
780:
681:1686 city seal with imperial crown
14:
1727:
1429:
1653:
1641:
1629:
1481:
1004:NYC CityStore | City of New York
768:
756:
741:
726:
714:
698:
686:
674:
662:
339:date has been a source of debate
26:
1590:Merchant Marine Mariner's Medal
1391:
1358:
1343:
1324:
1297:
1282:
1267:
1226:
1211:
1196:
1181:
1166:
1151:
1136:
1121:
1106:
1091:
1047:
794:. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons
435:
344:SIGILLUM CIVITATIS NOVI EBORACI
309:the city's earliest trade goods
92:Sigillum Civitatis Novi Eboraci
1032:
1017:
992:
958:
932:Roberts, Sam (July 14, 2008).
872:"New York's 250th Anniversary"
864:
814:
500:1686 seal and the "small seal"
289:rests his left hand on a bow.
1:
1331:Hall, Edward Hagaman (1915).
1274:Brooks, James Wilton (1896).
880:. June 20, 1915. p. SM12
828:
547:
623:
612:the city seal was featured.
584:
490:
453:
7:
1676:Government of New York City
1304:Bogart, Michele H. (2006).
1077:New-York Historical Society
877:The New York Times Magazine
604:New-York Historical Society
225:
10:
1732:
1706:Coats of arms with weapons
1701:Coats of arms with beavers
655:
634:changing the founding year
562:American Revolutionary War
508:1686 seal with ducal crown
462:1654 seal of New Amsterdam
448:
382:
322:, added in 1784 after the
1696:Coats of arms with eagles
1570:
1489:
616:sailor. In addition, the
560:At the conclusion of the
161:
114:
106:
98:
85:
74:
64:
54:
46:
34:
25:
20:
1681:Symbols of New York City
807:
469:Dutch West India Company
365:James II as Duke of York
292:On the shield, the four
1711:Native Americans in art
485:flag of the Netherlands
418:
377:
352:was the Latin name for
147:and the city's elected
1350:Pine, John B. (1915).
1289:Pine, John B. (1915).
1218:Pine, John B. (1915).
1203:Pine, John B. (1915).
1188:Pine, John B. (1915).
1173:Pine, John B. (1915).
1158:Pine, John B. (1915).
1143:Pine, John B. (1915).
1128:Pine, John B. (1915).
1113:Pine, John B. (1915).
1098:Pine, John B. (1915).
1054:Pine, John B. (1915).
1039:Pine, John B. (1915).
1024:Pine, John B. (1915).
899:Pine, John B. (1915).
787:Pine, John B. (1915).
598:
557:
556:1784 seal of mayoralty
536:1735 seal of mayoralty
509:
463:
428:
395:
342:that bears the legend
328:seal of New York State
223:
1716:Works by Paul Manship
1602:George Davidson Medal
1578:Seal of New York City
1545:Rainey Memorial Gates
1372:. November 29, 1977.
707:New York City Council
650:George Floyd protests
592:
555:
507:
461:
427:Flag of New York City
426:
390:
173:
126:seal of New York City
21:Seal of New York City
1608:North Carolina Award
1514:The Flight of Europa
597:; note the 1664 date
167:Official description
110:Many, dating to 1654
50:1915 (modified 1977)
639:Mayor Abraham Beame
326:and taken from the
324:American Revolution
130:Administrative Code
1441:2015-04-28 at the
1436:City Seal and Flag
1404:The New York Times
1370:The New York Times
971:The New York Times
939:The New York Times
735:New York City Hall
599:
558:
526:Eastern Algonquian
510:
464:
429:
396:
337:. The use of this
107:Earlier version(s)
1617:
1616:
1293:. pp. 63–66.
1207:. pp. 55–58.
1192:. pp. 53–55.
1177:. pp. 51–53.
1162:. pp. 44–45.
1147:. pp. 36–49.
946:on April 19, 2015
750:West Side Highway
473:arms of Amsterdam
345:
271:navigational tool
122:
121:
1723:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1625:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1453:
1452:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1254:
1246:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1069:
1060:
1059:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
996:
990:
989:
987:
985:
962:
956:
955:
953:
951:
942:. Archived from
929:
920:
919:
917:
915:
896:
890:
889:
887:
885:
868:
862:
861:
859:
857:
846:
822:
818:
803:
801:
799:
772:
760:
745:
730:
718:
702:
690:
678:
666:
481:rule of tincture
343:
255:Native Americans
234:used throughout
30:
18:
17:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1654:
1652:
1642:
1640:
1630:
1628:
1620:
1618:
1613:
1566:
1485:
1480:
1443:Wayback Machine
1432:
1427:
1426:
1416:
1414:
1396:
1392:
1382:
1380:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1348:
1344:
1329:
1325:
1318:
1302:
1298:
1287:
1283:
1272:
1268:
1248:
1247:
1231:
1227:
1216:
1212:
1201:
1197:
1186:
1182:
1171:
1167:
1156:
1152:
1141:
1137:
1126:
1122:
1111:
1107:
1096:
1092:
1082:
1080:
1079:. June 23, 2015
1071:
1070:
1063:
1052:
1048:
1037:
1033:
1022:
1018:
1008:
1006:
998:
997:
993:
983:
981:
963:
959:
949:
947:
930:
923:
913:
911:
897:
893:
883:
881:
870:
869:
865:
855:
853:
848:
847:
836:
831:
826:
825:
819:
815:
810:
797:
795:
783:
781:Further reading
776:
773:
764:
761:
752:
746:
737:
731:
722:
719:
710:
703:
694:
691:
682:
679:
670:
667:
658:
626:
587:
550:
538:
502:
493:
456:
451:
438:
421:
385:
380:
228:
169:
164:
134:the city's flag
12:
11:
5:
1729:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1663:
1662:
1650:
1638:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1605:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1581:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1556:
1548:
1542:
1534:
1530:Group of Bears
1526:
1518:
1510:
1502:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1486:
1479:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1431:
1430:External links
1428:
1425:
1424:
1390:
1357:
1342:
1323:
1316:
1296:
1281:
1278:. p. 136.
1266:
1225:
1210:
1195:
1180:
1165:
1150:
1135:
1120:
1105:
1090:
1061:
1046:
1031:
1016:
991:
957:
921:
891:
863:
833:
832:
830:
827:
824:
823:
812:
811:
809:
806:
805:
804:
782:
779:
778:
777:
774:
767:
765:
762:
755:
753:
747:
740:
738:
732:
725:
723:
720:
713:
711:
704:
697:
695:
693:1784 city seal
692:
685:
683:
680:
673:
671:
668:
661:
657:
654:
646:Bill de Blasio
637:his advisers,
625:
622:
586:
583:
579:Dewitt Clinton
549:
546:
537:
534:
501:
498:
492:
489:
467:seal from the
455:
452:
450:
447:
437:
434:
420:
417:
392:Bill de Blasio
384:
381:
379:
376:
335:New Netherland
320:American eagle
294:windmill sails
227:
224:
168:
165:
163:
160:
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
108:
104:
103:
100:
99:Other elements
96:
95:
89:
83:
82:
78:
72:
71:
68:
62:
61:
58:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
38:
32:
31:
23:
22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1728:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1661:
1660:New York City
1651:
1649:
1639:
1637:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1562:
1561:
1560:Aero Memorial
1557:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1506:Indian Hunter
1503:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1477:
1472:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1394:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1361:
1354:. p. 80.
1353:
1346:
1338:
1334:
1327:
1319:
1317:9780226063058
1313:
1309:
1308:
1300:
1292:
1285:
1277:
1270:
1262:
1258:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1229:
1222:. p. 59.
1221:
1214:
1206:
1199:
1191:
1184:
1176:
1169:
1161:
1154:
1146:
1139:
1132:. p. 37.
1131:
1124:
1117:. p. 36.
1116:
1109:
1102:. p. 30.
1101:
1094:
1078:
1074:
1068:
1066:
1058:. p. 28.
1057:
1050:
1043:. p. 24.
1042:
1035:
1028:. p. 72.
1027:
1020:
1005:
1001:
995:
980:
976:
972:
968:
961:
945:
941:
940:
935:
928:
926:
909:
905:
904:
903:June 24, 1915
895:
879:
878:
873:
867:
851:
845:
843:
841:
839:
834:
817:
813:
793:
792:
791:June 24, 1915
785:
784:
771:
766:
759:
754:
751:
744:
739:
736:
729:
724:
717:
712:
708:
701:
696:
689:
684:
677:
672:
665:
660:
659:
653:
651:
647:
642:
640:
635:
631:
621:
619:
618:founding date
613:
610:
605:
596:
591:
582:
580:
574:
570:
568:
567:Mayor's Court
563:
554:
545:
543:
533:
529:
527:
523:
517:
515:
506:
497:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
460:
446:
442:
433:
425:
416:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
393:
389:
375:
373:
372:laurel wreath
368:
366:
362:
359:
355:
351:
350:
340:
336:
331:
329:
325:
321:
316:
314:
310:
306:
303:
299:
295:
290:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:coats of arms
222:
219:
217:
212:
210:
205:
203:
198:
196:
195:laurel branch
192:
188:
186:
180:
178:
172:
159:
157:
152:
150:
146:
142:
141:New Amsterdam
137:
135:
131:
127:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
90:
88:
84:
79:
77:
73:
69:
67:
63:
59:
57:
53:
49:
45:
42:
41:New York City
39:
37:
33:
29:
24:
19:
16:
1577:
1558:
1550:
1536:
1528:
1520:
1512:
1504:
1496:
1483:Paul Manship
1415:. Retrieved
1403:
1393:
1381:. Retrieved
1369:
1360:
1351:
1345:
1336:
1326:
1306:
1299:
1290:
1284:
1275:
1269:
1234:
1228:
1219:
1213:
1204:
1198:
1189:
1183:
1174:
1168:
1159:
1153:
1144:
1138:
1129:
1123:
1114:
1108:
1099:
1093:
1081:. Retrieved
1076:
1055:
1049:
1040:
1034:
1025:
1019:
1009:September 1,
1007:. Retrieved
1003:
994:
984:September 1,
982:. Retrieved
970:
960:
948:. Retrieved
944:the original
937:
914:December 21,
912:. Retrieved
901:
894:
882:. Retrieved
875:
866:
856:December 21,
854:. Retrieved
816:
798:December 21,
796:. Retrieved
789:
643:
630:Paul O'Dwyer
627:
614:
609:Paul Manship
600:
595:Paul Manship
575:
571:
559:
542:Paul Richard
539:
530:
518:
511:
494:
465:
443:
439:
436:Restrictions
430:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
397:
369:
347:
332:
317:
291:
281:position, a
252:
238:, such as a
229:
220:
215:
213:
208:
206:
201:
199:
183:
181:
176:
174:
170:
153:
138:
125:
123:
91:
15:
1571:Other works
1383:January 10,
1083:January 10,
275:cross-staff
1670:Categories
1538:Prometheus
1490:Sculptures
1243:1131999189
950:August 23,
884:August 23,
829:References
548:1784 seals
522:war bonnet
285:native to
244:supporters
214:5.
207:4.
200:3.
185:Supporters
182:2.
175:1.
156:city clerk
76:Supporters
1610:(c. 1964)
1498:Duck Girl
1412:0362-4331
1378:0362-4331
1251:cite book
979:0362-4331
624:1977 seal
585:1915 seal
528:peoples.
491:1669 seal
454:1654 seal
287:Manhattan
277:; in the
261:: in the
259:colonists
1648:Heraldry
1439:Archived
1417:July 28,
349:Eboracum
315:branch.
307:signify
279:sinister
246:, and a
236:heraldry
226:Overview
1622:Portals
656:Gallery
514:charter
449:History
383:General
358:titular
305:barrels
298:beavers
267:plummet
216:Legend:
191:plummet
149:council
47:Adopted
36:Armiger
1636:Cities
1604:(1951)
1598:(1944)
1592:(1943)
1586:(1943)
1580:(1915)
1563:(1948)
1555:(1938)
1547:(1934)
1541:(1934)
1533:(1932)
1525:(1932)
1517:(1925)
1509:(1917)
1501:(1911)
1410:
1376:
1314:
1241:
977:
356:, the
313:laurel
283:Lenape
263:dexter
240:shield
209:Crest:
162:Design
66:Shield
821:flag.
808:Notes
302:flour
248:crest
202:Date:
177:Arms:
145:mayor
87:Motto
56:Crest
1419:2020
1408:ISSN
1385:2020
1374:ISSN
1312:ISBN
1261:link
1257:link
1239:OCLC
1085:2020
1011:2023
986:2023
975:ISSN
952:2010
916:2016
886:2010
858:2016
800:2016
477:pale
419:Flag
378:Uses
361:seat
354:York
300:and
257:and
154:The
124:The
910:-61
569:.
363:of
269:—a
136:.
115:Use
1672::
1445:,
1406:.
1402:.
1368:.
1335:.
1253:}}
1249:{{
1075:.
1064:^
1002:.
973:.
969:.
936:.
924:^
908:59
874:.
837:^
652:.
370:A
250:.
242:,
197:.
1624::
1475:e
1468:t
1461:v
1421:.
1387:.
1320:.
1263:)
1245:.
1087:.
1013:.
988:.
954:.
918:.
888:.
860:.
802:.
187::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.svg)