33:
1059:, the chronicle mentions eight succeeding exilarchs, the last one being Rab Ḥaẓub, son of Rab Phinehas. Apart from certain misstatements, this part contains many authenticated facts, and is therefore considered by modern scholars as a document of historical value. It may be seen that the lives of 31 exilarchs covered a period of more than 900 years, averaging three exilarchs to a century. This might help to determine the time at which the
1463:
694:
This work is based upon, and to a certain extent completes and continues, the older aforementioned chronicle. It consists of two main parts: the first, comprising about three-fifths of the whole, deals with the chronology of the 50 generations from
1078:
but is referred to the "Seder Olam de-Rabbanan." Lazarus supposes that after "de-Rabbanan" the word "Sabura'e" should be inserted, as a chronicle under the title "Seder Olam de-Rabbanan Sabura'e" is mentioned by
1205:
with regard to the year 804/3 C.E. (see above) might be the author's colophon—omitted by the copyist—showing the time of composition. Zunz's opinion has since apparently been confirmed by a manuscript of the
1214:
of the
Sabbatical year, 4,564 years have elapsed": this gives November 803 C.E. However, a closer examination of the text seems to show that the enumeration of the eight exilarchs following
1063:
was written, according to this estimate, would have lived at the end of the 8th century. The additions of the copyists, however, render this task difficult.
1029:
799:
1639:
1629:
1644:
1210:
which lacks the introduction spoken of above, but has at the end the following sentence: "From Adam to this day, which is the eleventh day of
1180:
663:
1025:
834:
lists 12 high priests. But in
Chronicles only five high priests are enumerated, whose names are not found at all among those given by the
949:, whose lifetimes extended over a period of more than 600 years, if they are understood to be the characters mentioned in I Chronicles.
946:
263:
1619:
941:
but differing greatly from the text of
Chronicles. The list given in the text is confabulated in its genealogical descent, such as
1087:, in connection with the statement that the year 4564 (= 803/4 C.E.) was a Sabbatical year. This induced many modern scholars, as
1249:, where the text of the Mantua edition also is given. The second part, dealing with the exilarchs, has been edited by Lazarus.
747:(a period of 3,828 years) and stating the number of years which elapsed between the most important events (such as between the
1538:
778:
onward, it gives the names of the high priests and prophets who lived in the time of each king. Thus, for instance, David had
980:'s grandson) onward, every exilarch is indicated as having been guided by wise men. The names of the kings that reigned over
1624:
687:) is an anonymous chronicle from 803 CE, called "Zuta" (= "smaller," or "younger") to distinguish it from the older
843:
divides these 50 generations into five series, each of 10 generations. The last persons in each series are, respectively,
1614:
160:
1193:
As to the determination of the time of its redaction, there have existed many differences of opinion among authorities.
1604:
1432:
1173:
656:
1245:, his text being more nearly correct than that of any other edition or manuscript. Zacuto's text was republished by
1573:
258:
253:
452:
883:, thus becoming the first prince of the Captivity. Correcting the somewhat confused genealogical account of
1166:
649:
973:
1609:
957:
1040:
the names are given of the wise men, probably the chiefs of the academy, who assisted the exilarchs.
211:
155:
1565:
1634:
1476:
1198:
1080:
477:
386:
1485:
348:
248:
1649:
1547:
565:
1504:
937:
Then the chronicle enumerates the successive exilarchs, the account being in part taken from
926:' reign, returned to Babylon after the Temple and the walls of Jerusalem had been rebuilt by
823:
293:
1557:
447:
368:
1222:, by another—and that the chronicle was composed in the first quarter of the 6th century.
8:
985:
771:'s twelve sons as recorded by tradition. Otherwise it merely enumerates the generations.
363:
353:
343:
288:
24:
942:
373:
358:
323:
1438:
1428:
1230:
965:
689:
527:
401:
243:
1583:
1052:
1047:(the 13th exilarch) was executed in the year 502 C.E., and that his posthumous son
1037:
1005:
989:
856:
783:
502:
432:
391:
308:
99:
1551:
1494:
1422:
1013:
923:
899:
810:
as prophets. In this way it completes the list of the high priests enumerated in
680:
595:
517:
437:
381:
137:
1099:, to identify the "Seder Olam Zuta" with the "Seder Olam de Rabbanan Sabura'e."
1480:
1427:. Hebrew Language and Literature Series. Vol. 4. Brill/Styx. p. 191.
1315:
1275:
1234:
1218:
was added by two later hands—that of six by one, and that of two, Phinehas and
1202:
1092:
1084:
907:
884:
876:
803:
748:
573:
560:
522:
497:
472:
283:
124:
1301:
1297:
1593:
1472:
1467:
1252:
Recent scholarship ascribes authorship to the 10th-century Nathan HaBavli of
1215:
1071:
1048:
1008:
as covering 103 years each. The
Herodian dynasty consisted, according to the
993:
969:
880:
819:
787:
744:
507:
442:
303:
298:
41:
32:
875:, who reigned only three months and ten days, was carried into captivity by
719:
The authorial intention of this work was to demonstrate that the
Babylonian
1599:
1521:
1377:
1194:
1096:
1044:
1033:
938:
911:
811:
740:
696:
629:
406:
1246:
1067:
931:
396:
205:
1466: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1088:
972:—prophecy ceased and the period of the wise men ("ḥakamim") began. From
1021:
977:
915:
872:
586:
512:
1154:
1056:
1017:
1001:
919:
892:
860:
751:
and the confusion of tongues), the chronology recommences with Adam.
720:
700:
906:
after it had been supreme for 70 years (beginning with the reign of
1253:
1149:
1137:
827:
779:
708:
704:
703:(who, according to this chronicle, was the first of the Babylonian
1442:
1051:
betook himself, in the year 4280 of the
Creation (= 520 C.E.), to
1132:
1127:
961:
903:
848:
815:
791:
760:
608:
318:
225:
85:
72:
67:
58:
711:, beginning with Jehoiachin and going until the 9th century CE.
1211:
1144:
1117:
953:
891:
declares that
Jehoiachin had four sons, the eldest of whom was
807:
759:, as it gives the duration of the generations between Adam and
540:
104:
89:
1553:
Chronographiæ libri quatuor. Priores duo sunt de rebus veteris
1219:
1122:
981:
795:
775:
768:
724:
551:
200:
180:
927:
871:
The second part of the work begins with the statement that
852:
844:
1024:; at the end of Monobaz's reign and during the time of
1543:- Latin translation by Gilbert Génébrard (Paris 1572)
1509:
Catalogus
Librorum Hebræorum in Bibliotheca Bodleiana
794:, who ascended the throne at the age of twelve, had
1575:
Seder 'Olam sive
Chronicon Hebræorum majus et minus
1471:
727:, King of Israel, through a cascading genealogy.
1591:
1578:(in Latin). Amsterdam: John Wolters. p. 95.
1376:Parma, De Rossi MSS., No. 541, 10, published by
1225:For the editions and Latin translations of the
1311:
1309:
1271:
1269:
1174:
910:), and 52 years after the destruction of the
657:
1070:there is a sentence, regarding the reign of
730:
1556:(in Latin). Lyon: Jean Pillehotte. p.
735:After a short introduction, taken from the
707:), the second deals with 39 generations of
1640:Cultural depictions of Alexander the Great
1306:
1266:
1181:
1167:
1066:In a fragment of a chronicle published by
664:
650:
1546:
1000:, this chronicle gives the reigns of the
264:Baraita on the Erection of the Tabernacle
1630:Cultural depictions of Nebuchadnezzar II
964:—more exactly, in the 52nd year of the
1645:Cultural depictions of Herod the Great
1592:
1420:
898:Notably, according to this chronicle,
879:. He was afterward given high rank by
767:It gives also the lifetime of each of
1571:
1197:observed that the sentence quoted by
739:, giving the general chronology from
1526:Gottesdienstliche Vorträge der Juden
1102:
1036:destroyed the Temple. Further, from
918:, Shealtiel's son, who departed for
755:is more complete at this point than
1584:Hebrew Text of the Seder Olam Zutta
161:Mekhilta of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai
13:
1511:. Berlin, 1852–60. cols. 1435-1436
930:, and succeeded his father in the
866:
14:
1661:
1532:
945:, who is listed as the father of
1489:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
1461:
31:
1620:Hebrew-language religious books
1413:
1400:
1387:
1055:, where he became chief of the
968:domination, or year 3442 since
259:Baraita on the Thirty-two Rules
254:Baraita of the Forty-nine Rules
1370:
1358:
1346:
1333:
1321:
1290:
1281:
992:during the destruction of the
1:
1568:- Jewish Encyclopedia of 1906
1259:
453:Iggeret of Rabbi Sherira Gaon
895:, who succeeded his father.
7:
1625:History books about Judaism
1355:Hilkhot Avodah Zarah, § 135
826:(who served in the time of
723:were direct descendants of
714:
626:Targum to the Five Megillot
10:
1666:
1615:Hebrew-language chronicles
1395:Mediæval Jewish Chronicles
822:, and between Shallum and
818:officiated in the time of
763:, which is lacking in the
743:to the destruction of the
16:Anonymous Hebrew chronicle
1605:9th-century history books
1043:After having stated that
731:From Genesis to the Exile
684:
212:Mekhilta le-Sefer Devarim
156:Mekhilta of Rabbi Ishmael
1081:Baruch b. Isaac of Worms
1074:, which is found in the
1516:Die Jüdische Litteratur
1501:3d ed., vol. v., note 1
1486:The Jewish Encyclopedia
349:Pirkei De-Rabbi Eliezer
249:Alphabet of Rabbi Akiva
206:Sifrei Zutta on Numbers
193:Numbers and Deuteronomy
1528:, pp. 135 et seq.
1483:; et al. (eds.).
1012:, of three kings only—
566:Targum Pseudo-Jonathan
1586:- The Sefaria Library
1505:Moritz Steinschneider
922:in the first year of
798:for high priest, and
294:Pesikta de-Rav Kahana
181:Sifra (Torat Kohanim)
1572:Meyer, John (1699).
1514:Winter and Wünsche,
1499:Geschichte der Juden
1421:Brener, Ann (2003).
1365:Sefer Mitzvot Gadol,
1287:I Chronicles 5:38-39
1241:the greater part of
996:are given. Like the
885:1 Chronicles 3:17–19
782:as high priest, and
635:Targum to Chronicles
448:Shir ha-Shirim Zutta
369:Shir HaShirim Rabbah
986:Alexander the Great
952:With the deaths of
364:Ecclesiastes Rabbah
354:Tanna Devei Eliyahu
344:Avot de-Rabbi Natan
289:Lamentations Rabbah
49:Talmudic literature
25:Rabbinic literature
1548:Génébrard, Gilbert
1518:, iii. 304 et seq.
1477:"SEDER 'OLAM ZUṬA"
765:Seder Olam Rabbah.
374:Deuteronomy Rabbah
359:Alphabet of Sirach
324:Megillat Antiochus
1610:Aggadic Midrashim
1491:Its bibliography:
1424:Isaac Ibn Khalfun
1384:xxxix. 23 et seq.
1353:Sefer ha-Terumah,
1316:1 Chronicles 3:16
1302:2 Chronicles 36:9
1276:1 Chronicles 5:34
1231:Seder Olam Rabbah
1191:
1190:
1103:Time of redaction
998:Seder Olam Rabbah
757:Seder Olam Rabbah
737:Seder Olam Rabbah
690:Seder Olam Rabbah
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673:
641:
640:
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602:
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528:Smaller midrashim
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402:Baraita of Samuel
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244:Seder Olam Rabbah
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168:
167:
132:
131:
112:
111:
105:Babylonian Talmud
80:
79:
1657:
1580:Seder Olam Zutta
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1566:Seder 'Olam Zuta
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1540:Seder Olam Zutta
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1454:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1417:
1411:
1410:, x. 157 et seq.
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1243:Seder Olam Zutta
1237:inserted in his
1227:Seder Olam Zutta
1183:
1176:
1169:
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1106:
1053:Palaestina Prima
836:Seder Olam Zuta.
686:
677:Seder Olam Zutta
666:
659:
652:
605:
604:
583:
582:
548:
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503:Yalkut haMachiri
487:
486:
462:
461:
433:Midrash Tehillim
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392:Midrash Proverbs
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314:Seder Olam Zutta
309:Leviticus Rabbah
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138:Halakhic Midrash
114:
113:
100:Jerusalem Talmud
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81:
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35:
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1635:Darius the Mede
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1495:Heinrich Graetz
1481:Singer, Isidore
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1208:Seder Olam Zuta
1187:
1110:Rabbinical eras
1105:
1076:Seder Olam Zuta
1061:Seder Olam Zuta
1010:Seder Olam Zuta
889:Seder Olam Zuta
869:
867:After the exile
841:Seder Olam Zuta
832:Seder Olam Zuta
753:Seder Olam Zuta
733:
717:
670:
617:Targum Tehillim
596:Targum Jonathan
570:Fragment Targum
518:Midrash HaGadol
438:Midrash Hashkem
382:Pesikta Rabbati
226:Aggadic Midrash
125:Minor Tractates
44:
17:
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1533:External links
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1502:
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1456:
1455:
1433:
1412:
1399:
1397:ii. 67 et seq.
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1382:Monatsschrift,
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1357:
1345:
1332:
1320:
1305:
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1203:Moses of Coucy
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1085:Moses of Coucy
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877:Nebuchadnezzar
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1475:(1901–1906).
1474:
1473:Max Seligsohn
1469:
1468:public domain
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1049:Mar-Zutra III
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1028:, the son of
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994:Second Temple
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1522:Leopold Zunz
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1508:
1498:
1484:
1446:. Retrieved
1423:
1415:
1407:
1402:
1394:
1389:
1381:
1378:S. Schechter
1372:
1364:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1340:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1298:2 Kings 24:8
1292:
1283:
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1226:
1224:
1207:
1192:
1075:
1065:
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1045:Mar-Zutra II
1042:
1009:
997:
951:
939:I Chronicles
936:
912:First Temple
897:
888:
870:
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839:
835:
831:
812:I Chronicles
773:
764:
756:
752:
736:
734:
718:
688:
676:
675:
630:Targum Sheni
623:Targum Iyyov
465:1000–1200 CE
407:Targum Sheni
313:
37:
18:
1448:October 21,
1406:In Brüll's
1247:A. Neubauer
1068:A. Neubauer
932:exilarchate
429:Eichah Zuta
419:900–1000 CE
397:Ruth Rabbah
1594:Categories
1443:2003270832
1260:References
1026:Shechaniah
990:Palaestina
978:Zerubbabel
916:Zerubbabel
902:conquered
873:Jehoiachin
513:Ein Yaakov
336:650–900 CE
276:400–600 CE
1296:Compare
1199:R. Baruch
1155:Acharonim
1057:Sanhedrin
1002:Maccabees
988:to Roman
958:Zechariah
920:Jerusalem
893:Shealtiel
861:Jehoiakim
721:exilarchs
709:exilarchs
701:Jehoiakim
632:to Esther
426:Ruth Zuta
236:Tannaitic
173:Leviticus
59:Tannaitic
1550:(1599).
1339:Brüll's
1328:M. J. C.
1254:Kairouan
1150:Rishonim
1138:Savoraim
1089:H. Grätz
1030:Shemaiah
1004:and the
974:Hananiah
970:creation
828:Rehoboam
800:Jonathan
780:Abiathar
715:Contents
705:exilarch
1470::
1393:In his
1318:et seq.
1278:et seq.
1239:Yuḥasin
1133:Amoraim
1128:Tannaim
1083:and by
1022:Monobaz
1018:Agrippa
966:Persian
962:Malachi
943:Shaphat
904:Babylon
857:Ahaziah
849:Abraham
824:Azariah
816:Shallum
792:Solomon
761:Abraham
609:Ketuvim
587:Nevi'im
319:Tanhuma
86:Amoraic
73:Tosefta
68:Mishnah
1441:
1431:
1408:Jahrb.
1341:Jahrb.
1330:i. 197
1229:, see
1212:Kislev
1145:Geonim
1118:Chazal
1095:, and
1034:Romans
1032:, the
1020:, and
1006:Herods
960:, and
954:Haggai
900:Darius
887:, the
859:, and
808:Ahijah
806:, and
784:Nathan
681:Hebrew
541:Targum
148:Exodus
90:Gemara
1479:. In
1367:2 866
1220:Hazub
1123:Zugot
1038:Nahum
1014:Herod
984:from
982:Judea
924:Cyrus
796:Zadok
776:David
774:From
769:Jacob
749:Flood
725:David
552:Torah
490:Later
201:Sifre
117:Later
1450:2015
1439:LCCN
1429:ISBN
1343:x. 8
1201:and
1195:Zunz
1097:Zunz
947:Anan
928:Ezra
853:Boaz
845:Noah
820:Amon
804:Iddo
786:and
741:Adam
697:Adam
1600:803
1380:in
830:),
788:Gad
699:to
40:by
1596::
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