264:
280:
25:
1439:
While there are both transitive and intransitive verbs in
Sechelt, transitive forms are often derived from intransitive forms and have a different ending. For example, the word “kánám” means “to listen” while the word “kánám-mít” means “to listen to/hear.” You can see this below in this sentence that
931:
is used at the beginning of words that would otherwise start with vowels. Further, there can never be two vowel sounds in a row. The glottal stop is often inserted between the two consecutive vowels, such as at the end of a word root and beginning of a suffix. Another solution for consecutive vowels
386:
In 1999, the language was spoken by fewer than forty elderly people. A grammar guide for the language was published by linguist Ron
Beaumont in 1985, based on the Sechelt language course he helped design for local high schools participating in the Native Environmental Studies Program. In 2011, he
951:
For verbs, suffixes are added to mark the subject and tense, as well as to make the statement a question or add adverbial information. All pronouns in
Sechelt are suffixes, while adverbs may be suffixes or their own word that comes before the verb and can take on suffixes of its own. This can be
401:
In 2014, the
Coastal Corridor Consortium, "an entity made up of board members from First Nations and educational partners to improve aboriginal access to and performance in postsecondary education and training", created a Sechelt Nation language certificate that is offered at Capilano University
898:
When the /i/ is between voiced back consonants and /ʔ/ it is realized as , while when it is between two other consonants it is realized as . If it is between a combination of the two groups it is realized as a vowel in between and , usually closer to . The vowel is also realized as when the
902:
The /ə/ is realized as when after ⟨y, ch, ch', sh, k, k'⟩. After consonants with lip rounding it is realized as , and after ⟨h, k, ḵ', m, p', t', tl', x̱, ʔ⟩ it is realized as . When /ə/ is in an unstressed syllable between two voiceless consonants it is also voiceless.
1360:
Commonly in
Sechelt, there is no suffix on the verb to convey that the subject is third person singular or plural. However, if the speaker would like to emphasize that the subject is plural they may add
1529:
While there is no conjugation in
Sechelt, nouns can be differentiated based on gender (male or female) and whether the object is visible. This only affects articles and possessive pronouns.
390:
As of 2019, only two elderly fluent speakers remained. Many teachers are working with children and adults to revitalize the language in local schools, from preschool to post-secondary. Both
445:
For those IPA symbols that do not match their orthographic counterparts, the orthographic representation is in brackets. This is based on the alphabet created by Randy
Bouchard in 1977.
1224:
For nouns, possessive markers can be separate words, suffixes, or be both prefixes and suffixes. Forms may differ due to the object's gender and whether it is visible or invisible.
952:
exemplified by two different wordings of the question “Were you afraid?”, with the first one emphasizing the word “afraid” and the second emphasizing that it happened in the past.
1632:
Pidgeon, Michelle; Munoz, Marissa; Kirkness, Verna J.; Archibald, Jo-Ann (10 December 2021). "Indian
Control of Indian Education: Reflections and Envisioning the Next 40 Years".
912:
The vowels may also be subject for lengthening, but this is purely for rhetorical purposes. The longer a vowel is held, the more emphatic or dramatic the intended meaning is.
420:
Although critically endangered, the shíshálh people, with help from others, have reclaimed 603 phrases and 5659 words in total and have a published dictionary and grammar.
2815:
71:
1667:
2162:
1848:
1721:
290:
2820:
909:
The /a/ is realized as when preceded by a consonant with lip rounding and realized as after the consonants ⟨y, ch, ch', sh, k, k'⟩.
2825:
2112:
1746:
1429:
2789:
1756:
1596:
704:
793:
776:
644:
1619:
She
Shashishalhem, The Sechelt Language: Language, Stories, and Sayings of the Sechelt Indian people of British Columbia
652:
168:
154:
2785:
2155:
1066:
For nouns and verbs, lexical markers are used to convey related meanings. This can be seen in variations on the verb
376:
1841:
712:
573:
2810:
2240:
2720:
391:
2288:
1927:
924:, but some words have stress on every syllable. This gives the language its characteristic "choppy" cadence.
2644:
2624:
2148:
868:
697:
564:
250:
739:
726:
679:
666:
600:
587:
398:
offer
Sechelt language courses, along with Kinnikinnick Elementary School and Chatelech Secondary School.
2766:
2530:
1834:
841:
746:
637:
884:
783:
732:
557:
550:
2190:
2097:
2056:
1543:
720:
593:
50:
2604:
2540:
2102:
2016:
2009:
581:
2298:
2772:
2751:
1881:
630:
623:
430:
a ch chʼ e h i k kʼ kw kwʼ ḵ ḵʼ ḵw ḵwʼ l lh m n p pʼ s sh t tʼ tlʼ ts tsʼ u w x xw x̱ x̱w y ˀ ʔ
191:
67:
1649:
767:
760:
364:
2353:
2756:
2568:
2457:
2280:
2245:
2207:
1538:
921:
672:
372:
307:
269:
150:
2313:
1432:, with only select adverbs that are able to go before the verb in a sentence. There is no
8:
2761:
2725:
2401:
2270:
2171:
1958:
660:
410:
395:
2735:
2670:
2512:
2449:
2434:
2303:
2225:
2220:
2041:
1967:
1857:
941:
616:
493:
458:
453:
186:
76:
906:
The /o/ is realized as a when preceded or followed by a consonant with lip rounding.
242:
2830:
2715:
2665:
2520:
2502:
2497:
2477:
2472:
2424:
2358:
2107:
2081:
2071:
2023:
1978:
1921:
1752:
1592:
861:
500:
486:
478:
463:
414:
406:
2710:
2700:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2599:
2594:
2584:
2550:
2492:
2439:
2386:
2348:
2293:
2255:
2215:
2185:
2076:
2002:
1942:
1907:
1641:
1433:
473:
380:
139:
1696:
2705:
2695:
2690:
2649:
2558:
2525:
2482:
2429:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2368:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2308:
2260:
2250:
1937:
1871:
1653:
468:
178:
2318:
1821:
1801:
255:
2639:
2589:
2563:
2462:
2323:
2265:
2131:
1984:
1947:
1896:
1645:
1436:
in the language and a noun's role in the sentence is determined by word order.
1565:
2804:
2629:
2235:
2230:
1932:
945:
823:
524:
512:
40:
895:
The four vowels have numerous allophones when in certain phonetic contexts.
2730:
2634:
2391:
1722:"Despite limited resources, indigenous-language programs persevere in B.C."
928:
607:
60:
2535:
226:
2376:
1914:
835:
818:
1816:
2467:
1901:
1570:
876:
828:
2140:
2381:
1826:
853:
687:
543:
537:
235:
219:
279:
754:
359:
342:
118:
532:
1668:"Shíshálh language remembered amid loss of most fluent speakers"
287:
129:
1751:. Memory of Peoples (3rd ed.). Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
1725:
Georgia Straight, Vancouver's News & Entertainment Weekly
1631:
1374:
263:
1817:
First Nations Languages of British Columbia Sechelt page
1591:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 487.
286:
Sechelt is classified as Critically Endangered by the
16:
Salishan language of the Shishalh of British Columbia
2816:
Indigenous languages of the Pacific Northwest Coast
387:further published a one thousand-page dictionary.
66:for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate
2802:
1822:OLAC resources in and about the Sechelt language
927:In Sechelt, no word can start with a vowel. The
915:
1612:
1610:
1608:
2156:
1842:
1378:
1368:
1362:
1067:
1605:
2163:
2149:
1849:
1835:
932:is to omit whichever vowel is unstressed.
278:
262:
1580:
972:
367:that originates and is spoken within the
1786:
1748:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
1616:
291:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
2170:
1744:
948:with affixes added to nouns and verbs.
2803:
1856:
1690:
1688:
1586:
358:
341:
268:The swiya (world, "Territory") of the
117:
2144:
1830:
1738:
1589:The Languages of Native North America
1561:
1559:
1323:
1274:
1030:
983:
450:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1720:Wood, Stephanie (January 22, 2014).
1719:
1697:"she shashishalhem Community Portal"
1634:Canadian Journal of Native Education
920:All Sechelt words have at least one
272:, where the language is most spoken.
18:
1685:
1484:kánám-mít -chen che xwch’énam wéwúm
405:Sechelt is most closely related to
13:
1745:Moseley, Christopher, ed. (2010).
1621:. Penticton, B. C.: Theytus Books.
1556:
1310:'Is that our grandmother's house?'
1019:
402:Sunshine Coast Campus in Sechelt.
56:for transliterated languages, and
36:of its non-English content, using
14:
2842:
2821:First Nations languages in Canada
1810:
1771:
883:
867:
860:
840:
792:
782:
775:
766:
759:
745:
731:
719:
711:
703:
696:
671:
659:
651:
643:
636:
629:
622:
606:
592:
580:
572:
563:
556:
549:
1694:
1522:listen(intrans) question-mkr you
1184:get.clean dish -device/container
1113:'wash clothes; laundry, washing'
23:
2826:Critically endangered languages
1795:
1304:nelh-a tl'ems-tan-s lhems sila?
1713:
1660:
1625:
1487:hear(trans) I the dogs barking
1430:Verb-Subject-Object word order
392:University of British Columbia
72:multilingual support templates
1:
1549:
1423:
1377:in the middle of the verb or
935:
916:Stress and Syllable Structure
440:
2645:Labrador Inuit Pidgin French
1787:Beaumont, Ronald C. (2011).
1440:illustrates the word order.
1307:That-Q house-her our grandma
435:
371:(world, "Territory") of the
7:
2767:Plains Indian Sign Language
1532:
423:
256:She shashishalhem (Sechelt)
10:
2847:
2618:Pidgins, creoles and mixed
1646:10.14288/cjne.v36i1.196585
1355:
940:Like other members of the
2782:
2744:
2658:
2617:
2577:
2549:
2511:
2448:
2400:
2367:
2279:
2206:
2199:
2178:
2125:
2090:
2064:
2055:
2033:
1994:
1889:
1880:
1864:
1587:Mithun, Marianne (2001).
1544:Sechelt, British Columbia
1490:'I hear the dogs barking'
1418:
1146:washing machine; washtub'
1143:laundry -device/container
1110:get.clean/washed -clothes
808:
753:
686:
605:
531:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
323:
313:
303:
277:
261:
249:
233:
217:
212:
175:
161:
145:
135:
125:
113:
108:
103:
98:
2625:Algonquian–Basque pidgin
1345:nelh-a ?e s-ch'enu-elap?
997:ch’ásxém -ulh -á -chexw?
899:syllable is unstressed.
1576:(subscription required)
1406:
1390:
1379:
1369:
1363:
1337:
1329:
1318:
1296:
1288:
1280:
1269:
1247:
1239:
1231:
1206:
1198:
1173:
1165:
1157:
1132:
1124:
1099:
1091:
1068:
1044:
1036:
1025:
1015:
989:
978:
967:
959:
2811:Coast Salish languages
2790:Canadian dictionaries
2773:Maritime Sign Language
2752:American Sign Language
2241:Malecite-Passamaquoddy
1617:Beaumont, Ron (1985).
1107:ts'exw -ál-its'á
1052:ku -á -chexw ch’asxém?
1000:afraid -COMPL -Q -you?
942:Salish language family
2786:Canadian style guides
2082:Thompson River Salish
1261:'It's my grandfather'
365:Coast Salish language
2757:Quebec Sign Language
2200:Indigenous languages
1525:'Are you listening?'
1220:'bathroom; washroom'
34:specify the language
32:This article should
2726:Pennsylvania German
2172:Languages of Canada
1701:www.firstvoices.com
1351:'Is this your dog?'
1348:it-Q your dog-your?
1055:PST -Q -you afraid?
396:Capilano University
360:[ʃáʃíʃáɬəm]
2762:Inuk Sign Language
2721:Newfoundland Irish
2686:Tagalog (Filipino)
2659:Minority languages
2531:Heiltsuk-Oowekyala
2289:Babine-Witsuwitʼen
2179:Official languages
1858:Salishan languages
1789:Sechelt Dictionary
1258:It my grandfather.
1140:ts'ixwálits'á -ten
2798:
2797:
2716:Doukhobor Russian
2613:
2612:
2138:
2137:
2132:extinct languages
2121:
2120:
2108:Colville-Okanagan
2051:
2050:
1758:978-92-3-104096-2
1674:. 7 February 2019
1598:978-0-521-29875-9
1574:(18th ed., 2015)
1177:-device/container
1136:-device/container
922:stressed syllable
893:
892:
806:
805:
619:
546:
527:
520:
515:
508:
503:
496:
489:
375:, located on the
352:she shashishalhem
331:
330:
318:she sháshíshálhem
299:
298:
119:[ʃáʃíʃáɬ]
109:she shashishalhem
94:
93:
74:may also be used.
2838:
2711:Hutterite German
2204:
2203:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2142:
2141:
2062:
2061:
1928:Northern Straits
1887:
1886:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1828:
1827:
1804:
1799:
1793:
1792:
1784:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1692:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1614:
1603:
1602:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1563:
1398:he/she is eating
1383:after the verb.
1382:
1372:
1366:
1325:
1276:
1121:ts'ixwálits'áten
1095:get.clean/washed
1080:
1077:
1076:get clean/washed
1074:
1071:
1032:
1021:
985:
974:
887:
871:
864:
844:
813:
812:
796:
786:
779:
770:
763:
749:
741:
735:
728:
723:
715:
707:
700:
681:
675:
668:
663:
655:
647:
640:
633:
626:
615:
610:
602:
596:
589:
584:
576:
567:
560:
553:
542:
523:
518:
511:
506:
499:
492:
485:
448:
447:
381:British Columbia
379:in southwestern
362:
357:
345:
343:[siʃɜlt]
340:
335:Sechelt language
301:
300:
293:
282:
266:
245:
229:
222:
181:
140:British Columbia
121:
96:
95:
89:
86:
80:
65:
59:
55:
49:
45:
39:
27:
26:
19:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2778:
2740:
2706:Canadian Gaelic
2654:
2609:
2605:Coast Tsimshian
2573:
2545:
2507:
2444:
2396:
2363:
2275:
2195:
2174:
2169:
2139:
2134:
2117:
2086:
2057:Interior Salish
2047:
2029:
1990:
1876:
1860:
1855:
1813:
1808:
1807:
1800:
1796:
1785:
1772:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1743:
1739:
1729:
1727:
1718:
1714:
1705:
1703:
1693:
1686:
1677:
1675:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1630:
1626:
1615:
1606:
1599:
1585:
1581:
1575:
1564:
1557:
1552:
1539:shíshálh Nation
1535:
1527:
1519:kánám -á -chexw
1517:
1509:
1501:
1499:listen(intrans)
1492:
1482:
1474:
1466:
1458:
1450:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1414:they are eating
1411:‘é’ílh-⟨íw⟩-ten
1409:
1407:‘é’ílh-⟨íw⟩-ten
1404:
1400:
1393:
1388:
1358:
1353:
1343:
1335:
1327:
1316:
1312:
1302:
1294:
1286:
1278:
1267:
1263:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1222:
1217:get.clean -room
1212:
1204:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1187:'dishpan, sink'
1181:ts'exw -am -ten
1179:
1171:
1163:
1155:
1152:
1148:
1138:
1130:
1122:
1119:
1115:
1105:
1100:-ál-its'á
1097:
1089:
1086:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1064:
1050:
1042:
1034:
1023:
1013:
1009:
995:
987:
976:
965:
957:
938:
918:
811:
536:
443:
438:
426:
373:shíshálh Nation
355:
338:
295:
294:
285:
273:
270:shíshálh Nation
241:
225:
218:
208:
182:
179:Language family
177:
164:
163:Native speakers
151:shíshálh people
90:
84:
81:
75:
63:
57:
53:
51:transliteration
47:
43:
37:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2844:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2796:
2795:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2748:
2746:
2745:Sign languages
2742:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2640:Chinook Jargon
2637:
2632:
2627:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2541:Nuu-chah-nulth
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2517:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2454:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2373:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2285:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2212:
2210:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2175:
2168:
2167:
2160:
2153:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2113:Montana Salish
2110:
2105:
2103:Columbia-Moses
2100:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2068:
2066:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2020:
2017:Upper Chehalis
2013:
2010:Lower Chehalis
2006:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1904:
1899:
1893:
1891:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1868:
1866:
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114:Pronunciation
112:
107:
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97:
88:
78:
73:
69:
62:
52:
42:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2784:
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2731:Plautdietsch
2487:
2392:Inuvialuktun
2127:
2040:
2022:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1983:
1973:
1966:
1957:
1952:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1882:Coast Salish
1802:First Voices
1797:
1788:
1762:. Retrieved
1747:
1740:
1730:February 27,
1728:. Retrieved
1724:
1715:
1704:. Retrieved
1700:
1695:null, null.
1676:. Retrieved
1671:
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1507:question-mkr
1506:
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1471:
1468:
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1434:case marking
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1309:
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1281:tl'ems-tan-s
1272:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:grandfather.
1250:
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1234:
1223:
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1112:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1094:
1065:
1062:you afraid?'
1059:
1057:
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1051:
1047:
1039:
1028:
1018:
1004:
1002:
999:
996:
992:
981:
970:
962:
950:
939:
929:glottal stop
926:
919:
911:
908:
905:
901:
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894:
444:
429:
419:
404:
400:
389:
385:
368:
351:
347:
334:
332:
317:
234:
199:
192:Coast Salish
82:
68:ISO 639 code
64:}}
58:{{
54:}}
48:{{
44:}}
38:{{
33:
2569:Assiniboine
2458:Bella Coola
2377:Inuinnaqtun
1915:Lushootseed
1865:Bella Coola
1448:hear(trans)
1195:ts'exwáwtxw
1154:ts'exwámten
348:sháshíshálh
2805:Categories
2468:Halkomelem
2281:Athabaskan
2271:Potawatomi
2208:Algonquian
1902:Halkomelem
1764:2015-04-11
1706:2017-11-02
1678:2023-04-17
1654:1523947656
1571:Ethnologue
1550:References
1424:Word Order
1003:'Were you
936:Morphology
441:Consonants
413:, and the
411:Halkomelem
383:, Canada.
2736:Ukrainian
2671:Cantonese
2536:Kwakʼwala
2435:Tuscarora
2402:Iroquoian
2382:Inuktitut
2354:Tsuutʼina
2304:Chipewyan
2299:Chilcotin
2226:Blackfoot
2221:Algonquin
2130:indicate
2042:Tillamook
2034:Tillamook
1968:Pentlatch
1953:Semiahmoo
1469:xwch’énam
1445:kánám-mít
1395:‘é’ílhten
1391:‘é’ílhten
1341:dog-your?
1284:house-her
1202:get.clean
1161:get.clean
1045:ch’asxém?
688:Fricative
544:voiceless
538:Affricate
436:Phonology
236:Glottolog
220:ISO 639-3
146:Ethnicity
85:July 2024
2831:Shishalh
2666:Mandarin
2521:Ditidaht
2513:Wakashan
2503:Thompson
2498:Squamish
2488:shíshálh
2478:Okanagan
2473:Lillooet
2450:Salishan
2425:Onondaga
2359:Tutchone
2314:Gwichʼin
2091:Southern
2072:Lillooet
2065:Northern
2024:Quinault
1995:Tsamosan
1979:Squamish
1974:shíshálh
1959:T'Sou-ke
1943:Songhees
1922:Nooksack
1650:ProQuest
1533:See also
1103:-clothes
960:ch’ásxém
755:Sonorant
617:ejective
494:sibilant
459:Alveolar
454:Bilabial
424:Alphabet
415:Nooksack
407:Squamish
363:), is a
314:Language
308:shíshálh
243:sech1246
187:Salishan
104:shíshálh
2701:Italian
2681:Spanish
2676:Punjabi
2600:Tlingit
2595:Kutenai
2585:Beothuk
2493:Shuswap
2483:Saanich
2440:Wyandot
2387:Inupiaq
2349:Tahltan
2294:Carrier
2256:Naskapi
2246:Miꞌkmaq
2216:Abenaki
2186:English
2128:Italics
2077:Shuswap
2003:Cowlitz
1938:Saanich
1908:Klallam
1890:Central
1566:Sechelt
1480:barking
1356:Infixes
1300:grandma
1128:laundry
1048:afraid?
990:-chexw?
824:Central
533:Plosive
525:rounded
513:rounded
501:lateral
487:central
479:Glottal
464:Palatal
324:Country
200:Sechelt
196:Central
153:(2014,
99:Sechelt
77:See why
2696:German
2691:Arabic
2650:Michif
2635:Bungee
2559:Stoney
2551:Siouan
2526:Haisla
2430:Seneca
2420:Oneida
2415:Mohawk
2410:Cayuga
2344:Tagish
2339:Slavey
2334:Sekani
2329:Nicola
2309:Dogrib
2266:Ottawa
2261:Ojibwe
2251:Munsee
2191:French
1948:Samish
1872:Nuxálk
1755:
1652:
1595:
1512:-chexw
1419:Syntax
1373:as an
1319:nelh-a
1270:nelh-a
1207:-áwtxw
1199:ts'exw
1158:ts'exw
1092:ts'exw
1069:ts'exw
1037:-chexw
1005:afraid
963:afraid
809:Vowels
742:⟨x̱w⟩
682:⟨ḵw'⟩
656:⟨ch'⟩
474:Uvular
304:People
288:UNESCO
149:1,200
136:Region
130:Canada
2590:Haida
2578:other
2564:Sioux
2463:Comox
2369:Inuit
2324:Kaska
1985:Twana
1933:Lummi
1897:Comox
1640:(1).
1496:kánám
1477:wéwúm
1453:-chen
1375:infix
1297:sila?
1289:lhems
1273:That-
1248:sila.
1210:-room
993:-you?
973:COMPL
836:Close
819:Front
736:⟨x̱⟩
716:⟨sh⟩
708:⟨lh⟩
676:⟨ḵ'⟩
648:⟨tl⟩
603:⟨ḵw⟩
577:⟨ch⟩
519:plain
507:plain
469:Velar
369:swiya
2236:Innu
2231:Cree
1753:ISBN
1732:2014
1593:ISBN
1472:dogs
1370:-íw-
1364:-áw-
1333:your
1232:nelh
1174:-ten
1169:dish
1133:-ten
1060:Were
1040:-you
968:-ulh
877:Open
829:Back
787:⟨y⟩
597:⟨ḵ⟩
394:and
356:IPA:
339:IPA:
333:The
169:FPCC
155:FPCC
41:lang
2319:Hän
1642:doi
1568:at
1515:you
1464:the
1461:che
1403:11.
1387:10.
1380:-aw
1367:or
1322:it-
1292:our
1240:ten
1166:-am
1081::
1020:PST
854:Mid
680:qʷʼ
667:kʷʼ
653:tʃʼ
645:tɬʼ
638:tsʼ
350:or
346:),
251:ELP
227:sec
61:IPA
2807::
2788:-
1773:^
1699:.
1687:^
1670:.
1648:.
1638:36
1636:.
1607:^
1558:^
1504:-á
1330:?e
1315:9.
1266:8.
1243:my
1235:It
1228:7.
1192:6.
1151:5.
1118:4.
1085:3.
1026:-á
1016:ku
1012:2.
1007:?'
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