1343:
422:
1157:
226:
1295:
1445:
33:
2035:
region, and potentially from groups who did not adopt Islam as the religion became regionally dominant between the 9th and 13th centuries. The second stream derive from the short-lived Sikh Empire (1799â1849) as it pushed westward, gaining control of territory to the Khyber Pass and Sikh merchants established trading routes into
Kandahar and Kabul. This group speak Hindko, a dialect of Punjabi that is mostly found around Peshawar, in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in north-west Pakistan.
102:
376:
6107:
138:
5893:
3869:
1113:
3879:
5885:
120:
84:
2153:
450:
160:
1194:. Sikhs have been the most prevalent non-Muslim minority in Afghanistan, and despite the many political changes in recent Afghan history, governments and political groups have generally not indulged in openly discriminating against the Sikh minority; however, their status have been severely impacted amid the country's conflict since 1978.
1462:
the issue. Though the grounds were reported as returned to Sikh control in 2006, in 2007 local
Muslims allegedly beat Sikhs attempting to cremate a community leader, and the funeral proceeded only with police protection. As of 2010, cremation in Kabul is still reported as being disapproved of by locals.
1507:
The population ratio between Afghan Sikhs and Hindus is estimated to be 60:40, as both populations are frequently merged in historic and contemporary estimations. Combined with a wide range of population approximations in the absence of official census data, the Afghan Sikh population was estimated
1461:
area of Kabul, which Sikhs and Hindus had used for over a century. In 2003 Sikhs complained to the Afghan government regarding the loss of cremation grounds, which had forced them to send a dead body to
Pakistan to be cremated, following which the Minister of Hajj and Religious Affairs investigated
2646:
Rare is a saint who has travelled and preached as widely as Guru Nanak Dev. He was known as
Nanakachraya in Sri Lanka, Nanak Lama in Tibet, Guru Rimpochea in Sikkim, Nanak Rishi in Nepal, Nanak Peer in Baghdad, Wali Hind in Mecca, Nanak Vali in Misar, Nanak Kadamdar in Russia, Baba Nanak in Iraq,
2034:
The origin of the Sikh community in
Afghanistan has broadly two streams. There are those who are descendants of converts to the teaching of Guru Nanak âSikhism's founder â during his trip to Kabul, recorded to be around 1520. These Sikhs are Pashto or Dari speakers, ethnically indigenous to the
2138:, TRT World, 2019-04-16, "Hasanabdal is home to around 200 Sikh families that have primarily moved from Pakistanâs Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, including Pakistanâs former tribal areas. The majority are Pashtun Sikhs who abandoned their homes and took refuge near Sikhismâs historical sites."
1511:
In the ensuring decades, widespread emigration was common amongst religious minorities due to increased persecution by
Taliban forces; by the 1990s, the Afghan Sikh population declined below 50,000. As of 2013, they are around 800 families of which 300 families live in
3171:
1498:
The country is witnessing a severe decline in the community's population with the coming of
Taliban back in power. Several members sought refuge to other countries and several others are still attempting to flee their home country.
1456:
By tradition, Sikhs cremate their dead, an act considered sacrilege in Islam. Cremation has become a major issue among Sikh
Afghans, as traditional cremation grounds have been appropriated by Muslims, particularly in the
2577:
1228:
Once numbering between 200,000 and 500,000 (1.8% to 4.6% of the national population, making it among the largest of any country at that time) in the 1970s, their population in
Afghanistan has dwindled since the
2840:
1682:
3834:
2941:
2555:
Ghulam Sanayi
Stanekzai, Nangarhar's police chief, said the explosion was caused by a suicide bomber who targeted a vehicle carrying members of the Sikh minority who were travelling to meet the president.
1893:
1789:
1721:
1436:
tax. The Sikh custom of cremation of the dead was prohibited by the Taliban, and cremation grounds vandalized. In addition, Sikhs were required to wear yellow patches or veils to identify themselves.
1472:
for the Hindu and Sikh minority. However this decree was blocked by the parliament. The decree eventually came into force in September 2016 when it was approved by the cabinet of Karzai's successor,
1342:
3844:
3029:
1495:
to offer condolences. Ghani called the country's Sikh and Hindu minorities the "pride of the nation", and on another occasion that year called them an "integral part" of Afghanistan's history.
3163:
2079:
2058:
2112:, Indica News, 2020-01-05, "Nankana Sahib is also home to the largest Sikh Pashtun community, many of whom have migrated from the North West Frontier Provinces, renamed Khyber-Pakhtunwa."
2105:
3803:
2131:
1197:
The origin of the Sikh community in Afghanistan has broadly two streams, including indigenous Pashto and Dari speakers, descendants of converts to the teaching of the Sikhismâs founder
2793:
3461:
3286:
3002:
1755:
2252:
2542:
3839:
1241:
member Narinder Singh Khalsa); and around 70 to 80 families or 700 in 2020 (as reported by Raj Sutaka, a Sikh businessman from Kabul). Thousands of Afghan Sikhs now live in
3798:
3703:
3115:
2118:
1822:
2567:
3808:
2832:
1674:
2071:
One can sense a diminutive yet charming cultural amalgamation in certain localities within the town with the settling of around 250 Pashtun Sikh families in the city.
3753:
3673:
3332:
408:
3247:
2933:
2764:
3638:
2911:
5084:
3763:
3738:
3653:
3633:
3583:
3543:
1885:
5927:
3728:
1785:
2328:
1717:
3793:
3678:
3568:
3085:
3358:
2879:
2733:
3768:
3683:
3548:
3538:
2099:, Himal, 2016-08-03, "Singh also came across many non turban-wearing followers of Guru Nanak in Pakistan, all of Pashtun origin and from the Khyber area."
3813:
3748:
3648:
3628:
3618:
3563:
3558:
2222:
2607:
2382:
1996:
3854:
3773:
3733:
3708:
3588:
3025:
1862:
1286:
section of Kabul, remains. They are centred today in Karte Parwan and some parts of the old city. There is no exact number of Sikhs in Kabul province.
1516:. Sikh leaders in Afghanistan claim that the total number of Sikhs is 3,000. Many Sikh families have chosen to emigrate to other countries including,
421:
3693:
3658:
2076:
2048:
2630:
2512:
2193:
2355:
1413:, many Afghan Sikhs fled to India, where 90% of global Sikh population lives; a second, much larger wave followed following the 1992 fall of the
2102:
2025:
3055:
2128:
1346:
Bi-scriptal postcard from Kabul, Afghanistan where Persian is written in Perso-Arabic script and Punjabi is written in a Landa script, ca.1878
2786:
401:
3483:
3197:
1947:
3473:
1237:
in Afghanistan since 1979) have been given as around 1,200 families or 8,000 members in 2013; 1,000 in 2019 (as reported by Afghan Sikh
5920:
2818:
1574:
2408:
1974:
5088:
3310:
3270:
2994:
2487:
2455:
1751:
1143:
2244:
1920:
2534:
394:
2274:
2125:, Siasat Daily, 2019-09-20, "The members of the Pashtun and Afghan Sikh community living in Europe and UK have gathered in Geneva"
3783:
1373:
led to tension. Sikhs also served in the British Empire's military during several operations in Afghanistan in the 19th century.
3107:
4472:
2863:
2702:
2115:
1818:
5913:
4779:
3439:
2173:
2092:
5493:
3510:
2430:
3328:
2971:
1631:âIn the 70s, there were around 700,000 Hindus and Sikhs, and now they are estimated to be less than 7,000,â Shayegan says.
4616:
4579:
3758:
3243:
2760:
1598:
1230:
291:
2907:
2148:
4037:
3220:
1481:
1414:
1398:
1170:
in the contemporary era is limited to small populations, primarily in major cities, with the largest numbers of Afghan
326:
5985:
3915:
2674:
2333:
2165:
1465:
Sikhs in Afghanistan continue to face problems, with the issue of the Sikh custom of cremation figuring prominently.
5693:
3424:
1565:
1469:
344:
209:
1622:
According to Singh, there were at least 2 lakh Sikhs and Hindus (in a 60:40 ratio) in Afghanistan until the 1970s.
6130:
5053:
4734:
4273:
3354:
3077:
2725:
1361:
Sikhs established and maintained colonies in Afghanistan for trading purposes. Later, conflicts between the Sikh
1205:
as it pushed westward, establishing trading routes for Sikh merchants into Kandahar and Kabul; this group speak
5792:
5787:
1271:
301:
2647:
Peer Balagdaan in Mazahar Sharif and Baba Foosa in China, said Dr S S Sibia, director of Sibia Medical Centre.
2329:"'It feels really nice to be here': Sikh refugee families facing persecution in Afghanistan arrive in Calgary"
276:
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230:
3474:
A NATION CHALLENGED: LIFE IN KABUL; Keeping Their Faiths Under Taliban Rule Drew Sikhs and Hindus Together
3419:
5473:
4604:
1649:
In the late 1980s, there were about 500,000 Sikhs scattered across Afghanistan, many here for generations
1022:
296:
1640:
An investigation by TOLOnews reveals that the Sikh and Hindu population number was 220,000 in the 1980's
5267:
4934:
4514:
2504:
2189:
1422:
1468:
In September 2013, Afghan President Hamid Karzai signed a legislative decree, reserving a seat in the
6088:
5559:
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5488:
5347:
5172:
5080:
4987:
4884:
4879:
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724:
349:
271:
3138:
3051:
1156:
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5544:
5523:
4874:
4298:
4127:
3525:
3503:
1129:
1032:
965:
425:
Dr. Abdullah Abdullah met Afghan Hindus and Sikhs community at Embassy of Afghanistan, in New Delhi
5468:
3384:
Bonotto, Riccardo (2021). "The History and Current Position of the Afghanistan's Sikh Community".
1305:
As of 2001, Jalalabad had 100 Sikh families, totaling around 700 people, who worship at two large
225:
6093:
6020:
5857:
5834:
5432:
4944:
4919:
4554:
4357:
4182:
4157:
4064:
4042:
3718:
3455:
1593:
970:
890:
841:
806:
792:
321:
286:
217:
5453:
3193:
1943:
1329:
Kandahar has a very small Sikh community, with only about 15 families living there as of 2002.
1294:
6083:
5688:
5387:
5372:
5362:
5342:
5337:
5142:
5048:
4949:
4924:
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4559:
4519:
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1570:
1057:
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5812:
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5327:
5297:
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5035:
4400:
4347:
4268:
3908:
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1603:
1580:
1477:
1449:
1410:
1279:
1210:
980:
975:
4293:
4283:
5802:
5760:
5745:
5683:
5653:
5463:
5357:
5162:
5015:
5002:
4959:
4765:
4722:
4700:
4549:
4479:
4390:
4317:
4047:
3849:
3723:
3603:
1970:
1555:
1087:
1062:
1052:
1027:
935:
4288:
3449:
2484:
2463:
8:
5862:
5797:
5755:
5715:
5710:
5673:
5352:
5287:
5277:
4594:
4574:
4534:
4504:
3933:
3823:
3743:
3698:
3668:
3496:
3307:
1916:
1394:
1097:
1047:
1037:
479:
2833:"Afghan Sikhs are targeted by the Taliban and unable to even bury their dead - The Week"
1425:
and the Afghan Civil War of the 1990s, leaving only the Gurdwara Karte Parwan in Kabul.
6111:
5888:
5867:
5698:
5623:
5427:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5292:
5167:
5147:
5072:
5043:
4982:
4914:
4859:
4589:
4447:
4437:
4427:
4405:
4395:
4372:
4337:
4240:
4032:
4027:
3937:
3663:
3401:
2538:
1675:"Taliban again refuse to permit Sikh holy scriptures to accompany Afghan Sikhs, Hindus"
1444:
1382:
1309:. Legend states that the older of the Gurudwaras was built to commemorate the visit of
801:
768:
474:
469:
380:
32:
3164:"Jalalabad blast: Afghan President visits gurudwara, promises action against culprits"
5750:
5583:
5549:
5392:
5377:
5257:
5025:
4977:
4929:
4899:
4894:
4564:
4544:
4539:
4529:
4452:
4442:
4410:
4362:
4278:
4250:
4220:
4190:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3878:
3713:
3578:
3405:
3278:
2871:
2812:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2572:
2360:
2169:
2161:
1678:
1254:
1092:
900:
549:
544:
539:
2694:
2086:, Al Jazeera, 2017-01-01, "the culture among Afghan Hindus is predominantly Pashtun"
5896:
5822:
5782:
5615:
5554:
5322:
5282:
5272:
5262:
5177:
5152:
5106:
5058:
5020:
4992:
4972:
4967:
4909:
4904:
4869:
4864:
4851:
4638:
4599:
4509:
4499:
4494:
4457:
4422:
4332:
4307:
4097:
3988:
3901:
3688:
3623:
3598:
3573:
3393:
2279:
1386:
1242:
1067:
994:
836:
641:
611:
534:
433:
188:
2089:
1385:
in 1947, the Sikh population increased as Sikh migrants fled persecution from the
1209:, a dialect of Punjabi. Due to this mixed ancestry, Afghan Sikhs are from various
6050:
5826:
5765:
5518:
5478:
5422:
5332:
5252:
5010:
4939:
4889:
4812:
4524:
4489:
4484:
4432:
4352:
4054:
4022:
4014:
3613:
3608:
3314:
3194:"Afghan Hindus and Sikhs meet with President Ghani, raise issue of land grabbing"
2491:
2157:
2135:
2122:
2109:
2096:
2083:
1786:"Afghan Hindus and Sikhs celebrate Diwali without 'pomp and splendour' amid fear"
1314:
1117:
955:
586:
359:
2494:. By Scott Baldauf, Staff writer of The Christian Science Monitor, 13 April 2001
1353:
visited Kabul in the 15th century. Guru Nanak is traditionally locally known as
1270:
There were over 200,000 Sikhs in Kabul in the 1980s, but after the start of the
6010:
5905:
5772:
5575:
5437:
5188:
5137:
4717:
4678:
4648:
4235:
4200:
4077:
3978:
3466:
2963:
2301:
2053:
1549:
1529:
1525:
1370:
1310:
1222:
914:
606:
601:
576:
524:
464:
234:
107:
3397:
1201:
during his trip to Kabul around 1520. The second stream derive from the later
6124:
6040:
5995:
5965:
5960:
5705:
5483:
5214:
5132:
4707:
4380:
4327:
4263:
4122:
4112:
3963:
3872:
3282:
2875:
1521:
877:
867:
686:
671:
646:
621:
509:
449:
4117:
821:
6062:
5970:
5955:
5950:
5628:
5588:
5417:
5224:
5157:
4832:
4807:
4802:
4695:
4467:
4322:
4195:
4162:
3983:
3968:
1718:"Sikhs and Hindus of Afghanistan â how many remain, why they want to leave"
1473:
1283:
1238:
907:
779:
774:
758:
666:
581:
529:
514:
759:
750:
741:
5513:
5367:
5317:
5247:
5219:
5209:
5204:
5111:
4788:
4751:
4729:
4658:
4215:
4147:
4142:
4107:
3882:
1561:
1366:
1202:
872:
831:
749:
711:
701:
681:
676:
661:
656:
626:
616:
591:
256:
243:
143:
46:
2992:
6000:
5990:
5975:
5852:
5844:
5777:
5678:
5658:
5638:
5598:
5382:
5116:
4822:
4817:
4673:
4342:
4312:
4225:
4210:
4132:
4102:
4082:
3973:
3958:
3953:
3945:
3108:"Afghan Government Approves Reservation for Sikhs/Hindus in Parliament"
1350:
1198:
1042:
1017:
960:
941:
921:
862:
740:
706:
696:
691:
651:
519:
504:
499:
490:
3355:"Sikh woman, man fight against former mujahideen in Afghanistan polls"
2568:"Suicide bomber kills 19 in attack on Sikhs and Hindus in Afghanistan"
6045:
5720:
5312:
5307:
4827:
4668:
4137:
2508:
2049:"Two identities, twice the pride: The Pashtun Sikhs of Nankana Saheb"
1488:
1299:
1218:
1175:
734:
3329:"Afghanistan: Dwindling Sikh Community Struggles To Endure in Kabul"
2129:
Despite border tensions, Indian Sikhs celebrate festival in Pakistan
1819:"Nearly 99% Of Hindus, Sikhs Left Afghanistan in Last Three decades"
1491:
attack in June 2018, both Karzai and Ghani visited the Karte Parwan
6015:
5817:
5648:
5643:
5633:
5605:
4683:
4653:
4258:
3244:"2 Sikhs in Afghan poll fray, want to be first elected non-Muslims"
2456:"Country Policy and Information Note Afghanistan: Sikhs and Hindus"
1533:
1492:
1418:
1390:
1306:
1275:
1187:
1112:
1012:
1002:
950:
636:
38:
4087:
3488:
2864:"Afghanistan Sikhs, already marginalized, are pushed to the brink"
1695:
As of now, 43 Sikhs and Hindus were still left back in Afghanistan
811:
6035:
6005:
4205:
4167:
3924:
1973:. The Office of Electronic Information, Bureau of Public Affair.
1857:
1552:, 1st Sikh to be elected as a Member of Parliament in Afghanistan
1458:
1429:
1214:
826:
441:
354:
163:
6055:
6025:
5980:
5807:
5740:
5735:
5182:
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4230:
4172:
4152:
4092:
4072:
2116:
Pak misusing Durand Line to facilitate terrorists, says Pashtun
1537:
1358:
1318:
1234:
1206:
1179:
1007:
856:
851:
846:
816:
631:
596:
562:
239:
183:
175:
125:
4757:
2026:"A Precarious State: the Sikh Community in Afghanistan - AIIA"
1313:. On 1 July 2018, at least 10 Sikhs were killed in a targeted
1233:
began. Estimates of their total population (there has been no
5730:
5593:
4712:
4688:
3271:"Facing Intolerance, Many Sikhs and Hindus Leave Afghanistan"
2995:"Facing Intolerance, Many Sikhs and Hindus Leave Afghanistan"
2431:"Bomb disrupts funeral for 25 Sikhs killed in Afghan capital"
1886:"Punjab: No clarity on exact number of Afghan Sikhs in India"
1517:
1513:
1433:
1432:, the Sikhs were a persecuted minority and forced to pay the
1191:
1183:
1171:
571:
459:
192:
89:
42:
2993:
Margherita Stancati and Ehsanullah Amiri (13 January 2015).
4628:
2356:"Attacked at home, Afghan Sikhs find community in New York"
1971:"Afghanistan - International Religious Freedom Report 2007"
1577:
and 2009 Radio Free Europe Afghanistan "Person of the Year"
1362:
196:
179:
3893:
2761:"Sikhs, Hindus reclaim Kabul funeral ground - World - DNA"
1997:"Blood in the Abode of Peace: The attack on Kabul's Sikhs"
4739:
2306:
2275:"Afghanistan's Dwindling Sikh Community Escapes to India"
1752:"The decline of Afghanistan's Hindu and Sikh communities"
159:
2934:"Afghanistan's Sikhs feel alienated, pressured to leave"
2908:"Sikhs in Afghan funeral demonstration ÂŤ RAWA News"
1319:
local branch of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
2077:
The decline of Afghanistan's Hindu and Sikh communities
1421:(temples) throughout the country were destroyed in the
3308:
Sikhs struggle for recognition in the Islamic republic
2505:"Suicide Attack Targets Sikhs in Jalalabad, 19 Killed"
3139:"Sikh Afghan lawmaker Narender Khalsa among evacuees"
2020:
2018:
1968:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2485:
Sikhs set example for getting along with the Taliban
2103:
Sikh Religious Heritage â My visit to Lehenda Punjab
1393:. The Sikhs prospered during the 1933-1973 reign of
3462:
300 more Afghan Sikhs flee, India waives visa terms
2964:"Why are Afghan Sikhs desperate to flee to the UK?"
2385:. The Sikh Foundation International. Archived from
2302:"Why are Afghan Sikhs desperate to flee to the UK?"
1298:Entrance sign of Sri Guru Nanak Darbar gurdwara in
3484:Pakistan: The Embattled Sikhs in Taliban Territory
3221:"explainer-history-of-afghan-sikhs-in-afghanistan"
2015:
1397:, and during period of strongly secular period of
2894:
2245:"Solidarity for Sikhs after Afghanistan massacre"
1877:
6122:
5935:
3078:"1 Wolesi Jirga seat reserved for Hindus, Sikhs"
2862:Magnier, Mark; Baktash, Hashmat (10 June 2013).
2631:"Booklet on Guru Nanak Dev's teachings released"
1935:
1508:to be between 200,000 and 500,000 in the 1970s.
2688:
2686:
2184:
2182:
1274:in 1992, most had fled. Seven of Kabul's eight
3026:"Afghanistan's Sikhs face an uncertain future"
2861:
2416:European Country of Origin Information Network
1813:
1811:
1809:
1807:
5921:
4773:
3909:
3504:
2237:
2030:Australian Institute of International Affairs
1914:
1668:
1666:
1137:
402:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2683:
2179:
2040:
1941:
1908:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1739:
2535:"Deadly blast hits Afghanistan's Jalalabad"
2478:
2219:"Hindus, Sikhs warn of leaving Afghanistan"
1969:U.S. State Department (14 September 2007).
1853:"Afghanistan's hated Sikhs yearn for India"
1846:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1804:
1783:
1749:
1715:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1480:was elected to this seat at the subsequent
5928:
5914:
4780:
4766:
3916:
3902:
3511:
3497:
2658:
2213:
2211:
1663:
1575:Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission
1278:were destroyed during the civil war. Only
1144:
1130:
409:
395:
5089:List of battles involving the Sikh Empire
3269:Stancati, Margherita; Amiri, Ehsanullah.
3268:
2748:
1770:
1736:
3023:
2692:
2046:
1883:
1837:
1700:
1443:
1341:
1293:
1155:
420:
3451:Afghanistan: Sikhs rebuilding gurdwaras
3383:
3136:
2600:"Focus on Hindus and Sikhs in Kandahar"
2460:The United States Department of Justice
2208:
6123:
3241:
3054:. Pajhwok Afghan News. 14 April 2010.
2817:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2693:Majumder, Sanjoy (25 September 2003).
2428:
2225:from the original on 30 September 2018
2190:"Explainer: who are the Afghan Sikhs?"
2001:Afghanistan Analysts Network - English
1962:
1685:from the original on 25 September 2022
5909:
4761:
3897:
3492:
3335:from the original on 13 November 2013
3326:
3200:from the original on 18 December 2018
3088:from the original on 25 December 2018
3058:from the original on 9 September 2011
2974:from the original on 4 September 2014
2723:
2610:from the original on 11 November 2018
2221:. Pajhwok Afghan News. 31 July 2013.
1850:
1583:, Member of Parliament in Afghanistan
1558:, Member of Parliament in Afghanistan
3361:from the original on 2 December 2020
3289:from the original on 17 January 2015
3250:from the original on 4 December 2018
3005:from the original on 17 January 2015
2192:. The Conversation. 20 August 2014.
1792:from the original on 26 October 2017
1724:from the original on 6 February 2021
1672:
76:Regions with significant populations
3518:
3425:Interviews in the Old City of Kabul
3301:
3137:Bhaumik, Anirban (22 August 2021).
2905:
2767:from the original on 1 October 2012
2665:. New York: Penguin Books. p.
2628:
1599:July 2018 Jalalabad suicide bombing
13:
3377:
3317:, by Tony Cross. 14 November 2009.
3242:Jethra, Aashish (27 August 2010).
3118:from the original on 25 April 2019
3052:"Sikhs, Hindus celebrate in Kabul"
3032:from the original on 15 April 2019
2914:from the original on 29 March 2009
2843:from the original on 16 April 2021
2799:from the original on 16 April 2021
2726:"Rocket Kills 22 in Afghan Temple"
2515:from the original on 3 August 2018
2255:from the original on 23 April 2020
2196:from the original on 31 March 2020
1389:region of newly formed country of
14:
6142:
3420:Al-Jazeera report on Afghan Sikhs
3413:
3327:Bogos, Elissa (13 January 2010).
3218:
2944:from the original on 20 June 2015
2882:from the original on 8 March 2016
2545:from the original on 10 July 2018
2429:Akhgar, Tameem (13 August 2021).
2147:Shaista Wahab, Barry Youngerman.
2061:from the original on 26 June 2020
1977:from the original on 20 July 2019
1950:from the original on 20 July 2018
1942:Valva Bezhan (25 December 2017).
1865:from the original on 19 June 2021
1758:from the original on 4 March 2021
1543:
6105:
5892:
5891:
5883:
5694:Sikhs in the British Indian Army
3877:
3868:
3867:
3430:The Afghan Sikhs face new threat
3174:from the original on 5 July 2018
2763:. Dnaindia.com. 8 January 2006.
2736:from the original on 7 June 2020
2705:from the original on 9 June 2004
2580:from the original on 2 July 2018
1923:from the original on 7 July 2021
1896:from the original on 7 July 2021
1851:Friel, Terry (20 January 2007).
1825:from the original on 3 June 2021
1566:National Assembly of Afghanistan
1470:National Assembly of Afghanistan
1337:
1111:
448:
374:
224:
158:
136:
118:
100:
82:
31:
5884:
4787:
4735:Contemporary Sant Mat movements
3440:Afghan Sikhs: Forgotten Victims
3347:
3320:
3262:
3235:
3212:
3186:
3156:
3130:
3100:
3070:
3044:
3017:
2986:
2956:
2926:
2855:
2825:
2779:
2724:Burns, John F. (2 April 1989).
2717:
2695:"Sikhs struggle in Afghanistan"
2652:
2622:
2592:
2560:
2527:
2497:
2448:
2422:
2401:
2383:"No Home for Afghanistan Sikhs"
2375:
2348:
2321:
2294:
2267:
2141:
2047:Eusufzye, Khan Shehram (2018).
1989:
1784:Ruchi Kumar (19 October 2017).
1643:
1634:
1625:
1616:
1439:
1376:
5788:Sikhism and sexual orientation
3835:British Indian Ocean Territory
2150:A Brief History of Afghanistan
1750:Ruchi Kumar (1 January 2017).
1673:Paul, GS (25 September 2022).
1:
2462:. 22 May 2019. Archived from
1915:Pritpal Singh (21 May 2017).
1884:IP Singh (23 December 2019).
1656:
5937:Ethnic groups in Afghanistan
1716:Divya Goyal (28 July 2020).
1289:
1186:, and to a lesser extent in
7:
3923:
2160:Infobase Publishing, 2007.
1587:
1502:
1357:in Afghanistan. Some early
1324:
1260:
1081:Sikhism and other religions
760:
751:
742:
24:ŕ¨
਍ਟŕ¨ŕ¨źŕ¨žŕ¨¨ŕ¨żŕ¨¸ŕ¨¤ŕ¨žŕ¨¨ ਵਿੱਠਸਿੱਠਧਰਮ
10:
6147:
5148:British East India Company
1423:Battle of Jalalabad (1989)
1332:
66:of total population (2022)
6102:
6071:
5943:
5881:
5843:
5614:
5574:
5560:Treaty of Amritsar (1846)
5540:Treaty of Amritsar (1809)
5532:
5506:
5489:Johann Martin Honigberger
5446:
5348:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
5240:
5233:
5197:
5125:
5099:
5067:
5034:
5001:
4958:
4850:
4841:
4795:
4750:
4627:
4371:
4249:
4181:
4063:
4013:
3944:
3931:
3863:
3822:
3782:
3524:
3398:10.1163/1573384X-20210205
3313:30 September 2018 at the
2635:Tribuneindia News Service
2082:21 September 2020 at the
2003:(in Pashto). 1 April 2020
1944:"Moscow's 'Little Kabul'"
1369:against the Afghan-based
174:
169:
157:
152:
134:
116:
98:
80:
75:
58:
53:
30:
5550:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
5545:Tripartite Treaty (1838)
3584:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
2156:14 December 2019 at the
2134:25 November 2020 at the
2121:25 November 2020 at the
1609:
1321:claimed responsibility.
1265:
5555:Treaty of Lahore (1846)
5433:Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana
4358:Samadhi of Ranjit Singh
3845:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3456:Indo-Asian News Service
3275:The Wall Street Journal
2629:Service, Tribune News.
2490:10 January 2003 at the
2108:28 January 2021 at the
1594:Punjabis in Afghanistan
1404:
1317:at the PD1 market. The
564:Selected revered saints
218:Religion in Afghanistan
6131:Sikhism in Afghanistan
6112:Afghanistan portal
5388:Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
5373:Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
5363:Ranjodh Singh Majithia
5343:Sher Singh Attariwalla
5338:Sham Singh Attariwalla
5234:Officials and warriors
5143:Emirate of Afghanistan
5049:Battle of Chillianwala
4274:Darbar Sahib Kartarpur
4023:Beliefs and principles
3454:. Gurinder Randhawa -
1917:"HINDU KUSH TO THAMES"
1571:Anarkali Kaur Honaryar
1453:
1347:
1302:
1213:backgrounds including
1161:
1058:Jathedar of Akal Takht
426:
381:Afghanistan portal
5726:Fariduddin Ganjshakar
5469:François Henri Mouton
5459:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
5298:Khushal Singh Jamadar
5085:Panchayati Revolution
5081:Hill StatesâSikh Wars
5036:Second Anglo-Sikh War
4348:Qila Mubarak, Patiala
3386:Iran and the Caucasus
2090:Finding lost heritage
1946:. Radio Free Europe.
1604:Kabul gurdwara attack
1581:Narendra Singh Khalsa
1487:Following the deadly
1478:Narendra Singh Khalsa
1450:Gurdwara Karte Parwan
1447:
1345:
1297:
1280:Gurdwara Karte Parwan
1159:
424:
5507:Influential families
5464:Claude Auguste Court
5454:Jean-François Allard
5368:Surat Singh Majithia
5358:Lehna Singh Majithia
5163:Hill States Alliance
5016:Battle of Ferozeshah
5003:First Anglo-Sikh War
4723:Akhand Kirtani Jatha
4701:Piara Singh Bhaniara
4580:United Arab Emirates
4318:Hazuri Bagh Baradari
4048:Cannabis and Sikhism
3759:United Arab Emirates
3196:. 11 December 2018.
2970:. 4 September 2014.
2095:6 March 2021 at the
1556:Gajinder Singh Safri
1088:Sikhism and Hinduism
350:Atheism and apostasy
5798:Idolatry in Sikhism
5716:Nanakshahi calendar
5711:Sikh Light Infantry
5353:Amar Singh Majithia
5288:Mahan Singh Mirpuri
5079:, KatochâSikh War,
3786:limited recognition
2659:Hew McLeod (1997).
2466:on 28 December 2021
1395:Mohammad Zahir Shah
1118:Religion portal
1098:Sikhism and Jainism
1048:Nanakshahi calendar
27:
16:Religious community
5699:11th Sikh Regiment
5514:Sandhawalia family
5428:Sultan Mahmud Khan
5413:Jarnail Ghaus Khan
5398:Sangat Singh Saini
5293:Dewan Mokham Chand
5168:Kingdom of Mankera
5044:Battle of Ramnagar
4988:Battle of Peshawar
4983:Battle of Nowshera
4860:Battle of Bhangani
4338:Nanak Shahi bricks
4241:Tav-Prasad Savaiye
4033:Sikh Rehat Maryada
4028:Guru Maneyo Granth
3436:, 12 November 2010
2938:The Times of India
2730:The New York Times
2539:Al Jazeera English
1890:The Times of India
1540:and other places.
1454:
1383:partition of India
1348:
1303:
1162:
802:Sikh Rehat Maryada
769:Guru Maneyo Granth
427:
26:ŘłŮڊزŮ
ŘŻŘą اŮغاŮستاŮ
21:
6118:
6117:
6072:Foreign nationals
5903:
5902:
5584:Bandi Chhor Divas
5568:
5567:
5502:
5501:
5474:Alexander Gardner
5393:Kahan Singh Nakai
5378:Akali Phula Singh
5258:Diwan Bhawani Das
5095:
5094:
5026:Battle of Sobraon
4978:Battle of Shopian
4463:Jammu and Kashmir
4363:Well of Dina Nath
4191:Guru Granth Sahib
4004:Guru Granth Sahib
3999:Guru Gobind Singh
3994:Guru Tegh Bahadur
3891:
3890:
3828:other territories
3480:, 20 January 2002
2868:Los Angeles Times
2573:Independent.co.uk
2389:on 6 January 2018
2361:Los Angeles Times
2249:www.aljazeera.com
2174:978-0-8160-5761-0
1679:The Tribune India
1415:Najibullah regime
1411:SovietâAfghan War
1409:During the 1980s
1282:, located in the
1154:
1153:
1093:Sikhism and Islam
1023:Nirgun and Sargun
901:Guru Granth Sahib
550:Guru Granth Sahib
545:Guru Gobind Singh
540:Guru Tegh Bahadur
419:
418:
345:Religious freedom
203:
202:
69:200,000 - 500,000
6138:
6110:
6109:
6108:
5930:
5923:
5916:
5907:
5906:
5895:
5894:
5887:
5886:
5823:Punjabi language
5783:Women in Sikhism
5323:Balbhadra Kunwar
5283:Hari Singh Nalwa
5273:Misr Diwan Chand
5263:Diwan Buta Singh
5238:
5237:
5178:Barakzai dynasty
5153:Kingdom of Nepal
5107:Sikh Khalsa Army
5059:Battle of Gujrat
5021:Battle of Aliwal
4993:Battle of Jamrud
4973:Battle of Multan
4968:Battle of Attock
4960:AfghanâSikh wars
4852:Mughal-Sikh Wars
4848:
4847:
4782:
4775:
4768:
4759:
4758:
4639:Sects of Sikhism
4605:Northern Ireland
4333:Moti Bagh Palace
4308:Bahadurgarh Fort
4006:(Sikh holy book)
3989:Guru Har Krishan
3918:
3911:
3904:
3895:
3894:
3881:
3871:
3870:
3840:Christmas Island
3526:Sovereign states
3513:
3506:
3499:
3490:
3489:
3409:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3324:
3318:
3305:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3219:Mohan, Saadhya.
3216:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3160:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3021:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2930:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2903:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2816:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2798:
2791:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2757:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2690:
2681:
2680:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2643:
2641:
2626:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2606:. 17 June 2002.
2596:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2550:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2501:
2495:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2418:. 5 August 2020.
2413:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2280:Voice of America
2271:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2215:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2186:
2177:
2145:
2139:
2073:
2068:
2066:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2022:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1848:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1821:. 21 June 2016.
1815:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1781:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1747:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1713:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1670:
1650:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1632:
1629:
1623:
1620:
1573:, member of the
1564:, member of the
1482:general election
1146:
1139:
1132:
1116:
1115:
1082:
997:
944:
938:
893:
795:
763:
754:
745:
727:
642:Bhagat Trilochan
612:Bhagat Parmanand
565:
535:Guru Har Krishan
493:
452:
429:
428:
411:
404:
397:
379:
378:
377:
313:Historic/Extinct
228:
205:
204:
199:
162:
142:
140:
139:
124:
122:
121:
106:
104:
103:
88:
86:
85:
54:Total population
35:
28:
20:
6146:
6145:
6141:
6140:
6139:
6137:
6136:
6135:
6121:
6120:
6119:
6114:
6106:
6104:
6098:
6067:
5939:
5934:
5904:
5899:
5877:
5839:
5610:
5570:
5569:
5564:
5528:
5519:Majithia family
5498:
5479:Paolo Avitabile
5442:
5423:Fakir Azizuddin
5333:Mehta Basti Ram
5253:Diwan Dina Nath
5229:
5193:
5173:Namgyal dynasty
5121:
5100:Military forces
5091:
5063:
5054:Siege of Multan
5030:
5011:Battle of Mudki
4997:
4954:
4843:
4837:
4813:Nau Nihal Singh
4791:
4786:
4746:
4631:and communities
4630:
4623:
4367:
4353:Ramgarhia Bunga
4264:Harmandir Sahib
4245:
4177:
4059:
4055:Diet in Sikhism
4009:
3940:
3927:
3922:
3892:
3887:
3859:
3827:
3818:
3799:Northern Cyprus
3785:
3778:
3520:
3519:Sikhism in Asia
3517:
3476:. Amy Waldman,
3416:
3380:
3378:Further reading
3375:
3374:
3364:
3362:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3338:
3336:
3325:
3321:
3315:Wayback Machine
3306:
3302:
3292:
3290:
3267:
3263:
3253:
3251:
3240:
3236:
3226:
3224:
3217:
3213:
3203:
3201:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3177:
3175:
3170:. 5 July 2018.
3168:Hindustan Times
3162:
3161:
3157:
3147:
3145:
3135:
3131:
3121:
3119:
3106:
3105:
3101:
3091:
3089:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3061:
3059:
3050:
3049:
3045:
3035:
3033:
3022:
3018:
3008:
3006:
2991:
2987:
2977:
2975:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2947:
2945:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2917:
2915:
2904:
2895:
2885:
2883:
2860:
2856:
2846:
2844:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2810:
2809:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2789:
2787:"Archived copy"
2785:
2784:
2780:
2770:
2768:
2759:
2758:
2749:
2739:
2737:
2722:
2718:
2708:
2706:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2657:
2653:
2639:
2637:
2627:
2623:
2613:
2611:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2583:
2581:
2576:. 2 July 2018.
2566:
2565:
2561:
2548:
2546:
2541:. 1 July 2018.
2533:
2532:
2528:
2518:
2516:
2511:. 1 July 2018.
2503:
2502:
2498:
2492:Wayback Machine
2483:
2479:
2469:
2467:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2439:
2437:
2427:
2423:
2411:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2392:
2390:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2366:
2364:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2339:
2337:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2312:
2310:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2285:
2283:
2273:
2272:
2268:
2258:
2256:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2228:
2226:
2217:
2216:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2188:
2187:
2180:
2158:Wayback Machine
2146:
2142:
2136:Wayback Machine
2127:Sabrina Toppa,
2126:
2123:Wayback Machine
2113:
2110:Wayback Machine
2100:
2097:Wayback Machine
2087:
2084:Wayback Machine
2074:
2064:
2062:
2045:
2041:
2024:
2023:
2016:
2006:
2004:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1980:
1978:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1951:
1940:
1936:
1926:
1924:
1913:
1909:
1899:
1897:
1882:
1878:
1868:
1866:
1849:
1838:
1828:
1826:
1817:
1816:
1805:
1795:
1793:
1782:
1771:
1761:
1759:
1748:
1737:
1727:
1725:
1714:
1701:
1688:
1686:
1671:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1639:
1635:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1590:
1546:
1505:
1442:
1407:
1379:
1340:
1335:
1327:
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3478:New York Times
3471:
3470:, 20 Oct 2001.
3467:Times of India
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3414:External links
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3392:(2): 154â167.
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3028:. Al Jazeera.
3024:Ali M Latifi.
3016:
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2906:Hemming, Jon.
2893:
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2837:www.theweek.in
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2088:Beena Sarwar,
2054:Pakistan Today
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1550:Jai Singh Fani
1545:
1544:Notable people
1542:
1530:United Kingdom
1526:European Union
1504:
1501:
1441:
1438:
1406:
1403:
1381:Following the
1378:
1375:
1371:Durrani Empire
1355:Peer Balagdaan
1339:
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1311:Guru Nanak Dev
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5944:Ethnic groups
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5912:
5911:
5908:
5898:
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5863:Kesgarh Sahib
5861:
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5858:Damdama Sahib
5856:
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5706:Sikh Regiment
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5524:Tiwana family
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5487:
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5484:Josiah Harlan
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5328:Jawahar Singh
5326:
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5303:Zorawar Singh
5301:
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5215:Harkishangarh
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5133:Mughal Empire
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5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
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5077:Sino-Sikh war
5074:
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4945:Gurdas Nangal
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4920:Chappar Chiri
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4908:
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4755:
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4711:
4709:
4708:Agrahari Sikh
4706:
4702:
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4690:
4687:
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4677:
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4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4641:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4629:Groups, sects
4626:
4618:
4617:U.S. Military
4615:
4614:
4613:
4612:United States
4610:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
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4588:
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4364:
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4344:
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4336:
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4331:
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4328:Khanda museum
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4300:
4299:North America
4297:
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4287:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4280:
4277:
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4260:
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4229:
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4199:
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4180:
4174:
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4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4128:Three Pillars
4126:
4124:
4123:Antam Sanskar
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4113:Amrit Sanchar
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
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4089:
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4084:
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4070:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4056:
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4049:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4038:The 52 Hukams
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4016:
4012:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3964:Guru Amar Das
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3943:
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3935:
3930:
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3833:
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3825:
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3815:
3812:
3810:
3809:South Ossetia
3807:
3805:
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3800:
3797:
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3775:
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3557:
3555:
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3542:
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3535:
3532:
3531:
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3527:
3523:
3514:
3509:
3507:
3502:
3500:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3446:; 6 July 2010
3445:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3434:Deccan Herald
3431:
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3423:
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3417:
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3323:
3316:
3312:
3309:
3304:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3265:
3249:
3245:
3238:
3222:
3215:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3159:
3144:
3143:Deccan Herald
3140:
3133:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3073:
3057:
3053:
3047:
3031:
3027:
3020:
3004:
3000:
2996:
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2959:
2943:
2939:
2935:
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2909:
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2877:
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2828:
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2814:
2795:
2788:
2782:
2766:
2762:
2756:
2754:
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2735:
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2727:
2720:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2689:
2687:
2678:
2676:0-14-025260-6
2672:
2668:
2664:
2663:
2655:
2648:
2636:
2632:
2625:
2609:
2605:
2601:
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2579:
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2569:
2563:
2556:
2544:
2540:
2536:
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2514:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2481:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2451:
2436:
2432:
2425:
2417:
2410:
2404:
2388:
2384:
2378:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2351:
2336:
2335:
2330:
2324:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2297:
2282:
2281:
2276:
2270:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2224:
2220:
2214:
2212:
2195:
2191:
2185:
2183:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2166:0-8160-5761-3
2163:
2159:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2144:
2137:
2133:
2130:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2101:Sonia Dhami,
2098:
2094:
2091:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2075:Ruchi Kumar,
2072:
2060:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2043:
2036:
2031:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2002:
1998:
1992:
1976:
1972:
1965:
1949:
1945:
1938:
1922:
1918:
1911:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1880:
1864:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1812:
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1791:
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1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1522:North America
1519:
1515:
1509:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1466:
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1420:
1416:
1412:
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1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1344:
1338:Early history
1330:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1301:
1296:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1251:United States
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1166:
1158:
1147:
1142:
1140:
1135:
1133:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1077:
1076:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
996:
990:
989:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
971:Damdama Sahib
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
948:
945:
939:
932:
931:
924:
923:
919:
917:
916:
912:
910:
909:
905:
903:
902:
898:
897:
894:
887:
886:
879:
878:Antam Sanskar
876:
874:
871:
869:
868:Amrit Sanskar
866:
864:
861:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
796:
789:
788:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
770:
766:
764:
762:
757:
755:
753:
748:
746:
744:
739:
737:
736:
732:
731:
728:
721:
720:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
687:Bhatt Mathura
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
672:Bhatt Harbans
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
647:Bhatt Kalshar
645:
643:
640:
638:
637:Bhagat Jaidev
635:
633:
632:Bhagat Surdas
630:
628:
625:
623:
622:Bhagat Dhanna
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
597:Bhagat Namdev
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
569:
566:
559:
558:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
510:Guru Amar Das
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
497:
494:
487:
486:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
457:
456:
455:
451:
447:
446:
443:
440:
439:
435:
431:
430:
423:
412:
407:
405:
400:
398:
393:
392:
390:
389:
383:
382:
371:
370:
368:
367:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
342:
340:
339:
335:
334:
328:
325:
323:
320:
319:
317:
316:
312:
311:
303:
300:
299:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
269:
267:
266:
262:
261:
258:
255:
254:
250:
249:
245:
241:
236:
232:
227:
223:
222:
219:
216:
215:
211:
207:
206:
198:
194:
190:
185:
181:
177:
173:
168:
165:
161:
156:
151:
147:
145:
133:
129:
127:
115:
111:
109:
97:
93:
91:
79:
74:
70:
65:
61:
57:
52:
48:
44:
40:
37:Karte Parwan
34:
29:
22:Afghan Sikhs
19:
5835:Sacred trees
5616:Other topics
5589:Hola Mohalla
5418:Ilahi Bakhsh
5278:Diwan Mulraj
5268:Pratap Singh
5225:Zorawar Fort
4880:2nd Anandpur
4875:1st Anandpur
4833:Duleep Singh
4808:Kharak Singh
4803:Ranjit Singh
4696:Mazhabi Sikh
4555:South Africa
4385:
4323:Kesgarh Qila
4269:Janam Asthan
4251:Architecture
4196:Dasam Granth
4163:Charhdi Kala
4043:Prohibitions
3984:Guru Har Rai
3969:Guru Ram Das
3824:Dependencies
3754:Turkmenistan
3719:Saudi Arabia
3533:
3477:
3465:
3450:
3444:The Guardian
3443:
3433:
3389:
3385:
3363:. Retrieved
3349:
3337:. Retrieved
3322:
3303:
3291:. Retrieved
3274:
3264:
3252:. Retrieved
3237:
3225:. Retrieved
3214:
3202:. Retrieved
3188:
3176:. Retrieved
3167:
3158:
3146:. Retrieved
3142:
3132:
3120:. Retrieved
3111:
3102:
3092:28 September
3090:. Retrieved
3081:
3072:
3060:. Retrieved
3046:
3034:. Retrieved
3019:
3007:. Retrieved
2998:
2988:
2976:. Retrieved
2967:
2958:
2946:. Retrieved
2937:
2928:
2916:. Retrieved
2910:. Rawa.org.
2884:. Retrieved
2867:
2857:
2845:. Retrieved
2836:
2827:
2801:. Retrieved
2781:
2769:. Retrieved
2738:. Retrieved
2729:
2719:
2707:. Retrieved
2698:
2661:
2654:
2645:
2638:. Retrieved
2634:
2624:
2612:. Retrieved
2603:
2594:
2582:. Retrieved
2571:
2562:
2554:
2547:. Retrieved
2529:
2517:. Retrieved
2499:
2480:
2468:. Retrieved
2464:the original
2459:
2450:
2438:. Retrieved
2434:
2424:
2415:
2403:
2391:. Retrieved
2387:the original
2377:
2365:. Retrieved
2359:
2350:
2338:. Retrieved
2332:
2323:
2311:. Retrieved
2305:
2296:
2284:. Retrieved
2278:
2269:
2257:. Retrieved
2248:
2239:
2229:27 September
2227:. Retrieved
2198:. Retrieved
2149:
2143:
2070:
2063:. Retrieved
2052:
2042:
2033:
2029:
2005:. Retrieved
2000:
1991:
1979:. Retrieved
1964:
1952:. Retrieved
1937:
1925:. Retrieved
1910:
1898:. Retrieved
1889:
1879:
1867:. Retrieved
1856:
1827:. Retrieved
1794:. Retrieved
1760:. Retrieved
1726:. Retrieved
1694:
1689:25 September
1687:. Retrieved
1645:
1636:
1627:
1618:
1510:
1506:
1497:
1486:
1474:Ashraf Ghani
1467:
1464:
1455:
1448:Interior of
1440:21st century
1427:
1408:
1380:
1377:20th century
1354:
1349:
1328:
1304:
1284:Karte Parwan
1269:
1239:Wolesi Jirga
1227:
1196:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1160:Afghan Sikhs
920:
913:
908:Dasam Granth
906:
899:
807:Prohibitions
780:Five Virtues
775:Five Thieves
767:
761:Charhdi KalÄ
733:
667:Bhatt Gayand
582:Bhagat Farid
572:Bhagat Kabir
530:Guru Har Rai
515:Guru Ram Das
372:
297:Christianity
281:
277:Zoroastrians
238:The largest
94:9,194-75,000
68:
63:
59:
18:
5873:Patna Sahib
5868:Hazur Sahib
5403:Hukma Singh
5318:Gulab Singh
5248:Dhian Singh
5220:Lahore Fort
5210:Multan Fort
5205:Jamrud Fort
5158:Qing Empire
5126:Adversaries
5112:Fauj-i-Khas
4789:Sikh Empire
4752:Sikh Empire
4730:Singh Sabha
4659:Nanakpanthi
4570:Switzerland
4560:South Korea
4520:New Zealand
4515:Netherlands
4386:Afghanistan
4216:Japji Sahib
4148:The Five Ks
4143:Vand Chhako
4108:Anand Karaj
3883:Asia portal
3784:States with
3704:Philippines
3644:South Korea
3639:North Korea
3534:Afghanistan
3458:25 Aug 2005
3339:1 September
3331:. SikhNet.
3254:1 September
3246:. SikhNet.
3223:. The Quint
3082:pajhwok.com
3062:1 September
2918:1 September
2771:1 September
2709:18 November
2640:20 February
2470:5 September
2440:5 September
2409:"COI QUERY"
1919:. Youtube.
1562:Awtar Singh
1399:Soviet rule
1231:Afghan wars
1203:Sikh Empire
1168:Afghanistan
981:Hazur Sahib
976:Patna Sahib
873:Anand Karaj
832:The Five Ks
752:Vand ChakkĹ
712:Balvand Rai
702:Baba Sundar
682:Bhatt Kirat
677:Bhatt Jalap
662:Bhatt Bhika
657:Bhatt Bhalh
627:Bhagat Pipa
617:Bhagat Sain
592:Bhagat Beni
336:Controversy
302:Catholicism
257:Sunni Islam
244:Afghanistan
231:Blue Mosque
144:Afghanistan
47:Afghanistan
6089:Pakistanis
6001:Nuristanis
5853:Akal Takht
5793:In Fiction
5778:Ravidassia
5746:Dharamyudh
5669:Literature
5659:Panj Pyare
5599:Mela Maghi
5447:Foreigners
5408:Veer Singh
5383:Chandu Lal
5117:Fauj-i-Ain
4823:Sher Singh
4818:Chand Kaur
4674:Sewapanthi
4401:Bangladesh
4373:By country
4343:Pul Kanjri
4313:Fateh Burj
4226:Jaap Sahib
4211:Mul Mantar
4133:Kirat Karo
4118:Amrit VelÄ
4103:Naam Karan
4083:Sikh rites
4015:Philosophy
3974:Guru Arjan
3959:Guru Angad
3954:Guru Nanak
3764:Uzbekistan
3739:Tajikistan
3654:Kyrgyzstan
3634:Kazakhstan
3554:Bangladesh
3544:Azerbaijan
3148:23 January
2367:4 December
2340:4 December
2313:4 December
2286:4 December
1657:References
1428:Under the
1351:Guru Nanak
1199:Guru Nanak
1174:living in
1165:Sikhism in
1033:Literature
1018:Panj Pyare
961:Akal Takht
922:Five Banis
863:Naam Karan
822:Amrit VelÄ
743:Kirat KarĹ
726:Philosophy
707:Satta Doom
697:Bhatt Salh
692:Bhatt Nalh
652:Bhatt Balh
520:Guru Arjan
505:Guru Angad
500:Guru Nanak
492:Sikh gurus
272:Shia Islam
112:>10,000
71:(diaspora)
6079:Armenians
6046:Qizilbash
5803:Criticism
5721:Ramananda
5576:Festivals
5313:Lal Singh
5308:Tej Singh
5185:of Poonch
4935:Jalalabad
4844:conflicts
4828:Jind Kaur
4669:Nirankari
4550:Singapore
4480:Indonesia
4416:Vancouver
4391:Australia
4183:Scripture
4138:Naam Japo
4065:Practices
3850:Hong Kong
3804:Palestine
3729:Sri Lanka
3724:Singapore
3604:Indonesia
3406:237915299
3283:0099-9660
3227:30 August
2876:0458-3035
2007:9 January
1489:Jalalabad
1419:gurdwaras
1307:Gurdwaras
1300:Jalalabad
1290:Jalalabad
1276:gurdwaras
1272:Civil War
1219:Hindkowan
1176:Jalalabad
1053:Criticism
892:Scripture
794:Practices
735:Naam Japo
170:Languages
153:Religions
6125:Category
6094:Russians
6051:Turkmens
6021:Punjabis
6016:Pashtuns
5897:Category
5827:GurmukhÄŤ
5818:Punjabis
5761:Hinduism
5689:Politics
5649:Waheguru
5644:Ik Onkar
5606:Vaisakhi
5533:Treaties
4915:Sadhaura
4885:Chamkaur
4842:Military
4684:Ramraiya
4654:Namdhari
4595:Scotland
4575:Thailand
4535:Pakistan
4505:Malaysia
4381:Diaspora
4259:Gurdwara
3934:Glossary
3873:Category
3794:Abkhazia
3744:Thailand
3699:Pakistan
3679:Mongolia
3674:Maldives
3669:Malaysia
3569:Cambodia
3359:Archived
3333:Archived
3311:Archived
3287:Archived
3248:Archived
3204:25 April
3198:Archived
3178:25 April
3172:Archived
3122:25 April
3116:Archived
3112:The Wire
3086:Archived
3056:Archived
3030:Archived
3009:11 March
3003:Archived
2972:Archived
2968:BBC News
2942:Archived
2912:Archived
2880:Archived
2847:16 April
2841:Archived
2813:cite web
2803:16 April
2794:Archived
2765:Archived
2734:Archived
2703:Archived
2699:BBC News
2608:Archived
2584:25 April
2578:Archived
2543:Archived
2513:Archived
2488:Archived
2259:27 March
2253:Archived
2223:Archived
2194:Archived
2154:Archived
2132:Archived
2119:Archived
2106:Archived
2093:Archived
2080:Archived
2059:Archived
1975:Archived
1954:14 April
1948:Archived
1927:14 April
1921:Archived
1900:14 April
1894:Archived
1863:Archived
1823:Archived
1790:Archived
1756:Archived
1722:Archived
1683:Archived
1588:See also
1534:Pakistan
1503:Diaspora
1493:gurdwara
1452:in Kabul
1391:Pakistan
1387:Pothohar
1325:Kandahar
1261:Presence
1188:Kandahar
1013:Waheguru
1003:Ik Onkar
951:Gurdwara
859:(Turban)
480:Glossary
434:a series
432:Part of
322:Buddhism
287:Hinduism
263:Minority
251:Majority
210:a series
208:Part of
39:Gurdwara
6084:Indians
6036:Hazaras
6011:Pashayi
6006:Pamiris
5981:Gurjars
5889:Outline
5813:History
5756:Jainism
5629:Culture
5624:History
5241:Natives
5183:Sudhans
4930:Lohgarh
4910:Sirhind
4900:Sonepat
4895:Muktsar
4679:Nirmala
4590:England
4448:Germany
4438:Finland
4428:Denmark
4406:Belgium
4396:Austria
4221:Chaupai
4206:Gurbani
4168:Dasvand
3938:History
3925:Sikhism
3769:Vietnam
3684:Myanmar
3664:Lebanon
3594:Georgia
3549:Bahrain
3539:Armenia
3365:17 July
3293:8 March
3036:10 June
2978:21 June
2948:10 June
2886:8 March
2662:Sikhism
2614:9 March
2435:AP News
2393:8 March
1858:Reuters
1459:Qalacha
1430:Taliban
1417:. Sikh
1333:History
1223:Punjabi
1215:Pashtun
827:Dasvand
475:History
470:Outline
442:Sikhism
355:Taliban
327:Judaism
282:Sikhism
189:Punjabi
164:Sikhism
64:0.0001%
6056:Uzbeks
6041:Kyrgyz
6031:Turkic
6026:Tajiks
5996:Moghol
5966:Brahui
5961:Baloch
5808:Punjab
5741:Dastar
5736:Sardar
5684:Places
5654:Khanda
5068:Others
4905:Samana
4870:Basoli
4865:Nadaun
4796:Rulers
4664:Nihang
4644:Khalsa
4565:Sweden
4545:Poland
4540:Panama
4530:Norway
4473:Punjab
4453:Greece
4443:France
4411:Canada
4294:Europe
4284:Africa
4231:Rehras
4173:Jhatka
4153:Simran
4098:Langar
4093:Kirtan
4073:Khalsa
3814:Taiwan
3749:Turkey
3714:Russia
3649:Kuwait
3629:Jordan
3619:Israel
3579:Cyprus
3564:Brunei
3559:Bhutan
3404:
3281:
2874:
2740:6 June
2673:
2549:2 July
2519:2 July
2200:20 May
2176:. Pg18
2172:
2164:
2114:Neha,
2065:31 May
1981:4 July
1869:6 July
1829:6 July
1796:6 July
1762:6 July
1728:6 July
1538:Russia
1528:, the
1524:, the
1367:empire
1359:Khatri
1255:Canada
1253:, and
1249:, the
1245:, the
1235:census
1207:Hindko
1180:Ghazni
1028:Khanda
1008:Khalsa
943:Takhts
937:Places
857:Dastar
852:Nitnem
847:Simran
837:Langar
817:Kirtan
465:Topics
460:People
292:BahĂĄ'Ă
240:mosque
184:Hindko
176:Pashto
141:
126:Russia
123:
105:
87:
6063:Wakhi
5971:Dalak
5956:Arabs
5951:Aimaq
5845:Takht
5773:Sikhs
5751:Islam
5731:Kabir
5679:Names
5674:Music
5664:Films
5639:Music
5594:Maghi
5198:Forts
4950:Delhi
4940:Jammu
4925:Rahon
4890:Sarsa
4713:Jatha
4689:Udasi
4600:Wales
4510:Nepal
4500:Japan
4495:Italy
4468:Kochi
4458:India
4423:China
4088:ArdÄs
3946:Gurus
3855:Macau
3774:Yemen
3734:Syria
3709:Qatar
3689:Nepal
3624:Japan
3599:India
3589:Egypt
3574:China
3402:S2CID
2797:(PDF)
2790:(PDF)
2412:(PDF)
1610:Notes
1518:India
1514:Kabul
1434:jizya
1363:misls
1266:Kabul
1243:India
1192:Khost
1184:Kabul
1172:Sikhs
1068:Sects
1043:Names
1038:Music
812:ArdÄs
193:Hindi
130:2,000
90:India
43:Kabul
5766:Rama
4649:Mina
4525:Niue
4490:Iraq
4485:Iran
4433:Fiji
4289:Asia
4279:List
4158:Sewa
3936:and
3694:Oman
3659:Laos
3614:Iraq
3609:Iran
3367:2019
3341:2012
3295:2016
3279:ISSN
3256:2012
3229:2021
3206:2019
3180:2019
3150:2023
3124:2019
3094:2013
3064:2012
3038:2015
3011:2017
2980:2018
2950:2015
2920:2012
2888:2016
2872:ISSN
2849:2021
2819:link
2805:2021
2773:2012
2742:2020
2711:2010
2671:ISBN
2642:2023
2616:2016
2604:IRIN
2586:2019
2551:2018
2521:2018
2509:TOLO
2472:2021
2442:2021
2395:2016
2369:2022
2342:2022
2315:2022
2288:2022
2261:2020
2231:2013
2202:2020
2170:ISBN
2162:ISBN
2067:2020
2009:2023
1983:2009
1956:2020
1929:2020
1902:2020
1871:2021
1831:2021
1798:2021
1764:2021
1730:2021
1691:2022
1405:Wars
1365:and
1190:and
940:and
842:Sewa
197:Urdu
180:Dari
5991:Kho
5986:Jat
5976:Dom
5634:Art
4740:3HO
3826:and
3394:doi
2999:WSJ
2667:251
2334:CBC
2307:BBC
1221:or
1063:War
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