Knowledge

Social services

Source 📝

1954:
schemes in the late 1910s and the 1920s. The notable schemes, which had been implemented by 1950, consisted of work injury insurance, pensions, and sickness and maternity insurance. The second group, consisting of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela, implemented these social services in the 1940s. The extent to which these programs and laws were implemented were less extensive than the first group. In the final group, consisting of the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras and Nicaragua, social services programmes were implemented in the 1950s and 1960s, with the least coverage out of each group. With the exception of Nicaragua, social service programs are not available for unemployment insurance or family allowances. Average expenditure on social services programs in as a percentage of GDP in these states is 5.3%, which is significantly lower than that of Europe and North America.
3715: 2159: 2151: 2018:, with coverage extended to urban-based self-employed workers in 1989. Additionally, a national pension program was initiated. Within Taiwan, an extensive national health insurance system was enacted in 1994 and implemented in 1995. During this period the Japanese government also expanded social services for children and the elderly, providing increased support services, increasing funding to care facilities and organisations, and legislating new insurance programs. In the 1990s, Shanghai introduced a housing affordability program which was then later expanded to include all of China. In 2000, Hong Kong introduced a superannuation scheme policy, with China implementing a similar policy soon after. 3694: 3759: 31: 3311: 2456: 3520: 2356: 3342: 2381: 2638: 2431: 1963: 3699: 3218: 1730:, as countries with large welfare programs often provide a wide range of social services. Social services are employed to address the wide range of needs of a society. Prior to industrialisation, the provision of social services was largely confined to private organisations and charities, with the extent of its coverage also limited. Social services are now generally regarded globally as a 'necessary function' of society and a mechanism through which governments may address societal issues. 3129: 2481: 3820: 3400: 2256: 1762: 3249: 2506: 4677:. 2 bar charts: For both: From bottom menus: Countries menu > choose OECD. Check box for "latest data available". Perspectives menu > Check box to "compare variables". Then check the boxes for government/compulsory, voluntary, and total. Click top tab for chart (bar chart). For GDP chart choose "% of GDP" from bottom menu. For per capita chart choose "US dollars/per capita". Click fullscreen button above chart. Click "print screen" key. Click top tab for table, to see data. 7085: 3010: 3191: 1676: 3640: 1664: 7049: 5490: 2979: 3462: 63: 2125:. Additionally, the countries with the perception of high-quality public services, specifically Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark and the Netherlands, scored the highest on levels of happiness. Conversely, Bulgaria, Romania, Lithuania and Italy, who scored low on levels of satisfaction of social services, had low levels of happiness, with some sociologists arguing this indicates there is a strong correlation between happiness and social services. 3067: 3369: 2948: 7074: 2669: 2281: 3582: 3551: 3160: 3280: 2762: 2700: 2306: 3613: 3489: 3431: 2917: 2855: 2231: 3671: 2824: 2331: 2793: 2206: 1937: 3098: 2607: 2406: 2731: 2531: 3040: 2886: 1933:
afterwards, with Sweden enacting voluntary sickness insurance in 1892, Denmark in 1892, Belgium in 1894, Switzerland in 1911, and Italy in 1886. Additionally, Belgium, France and Italy enacted legislation subsidising voluntary old-age insurance in this period. By the time the Netherlands introduced compulsory sickness insurance in 1913, all major European countries had introduced some form of insurance scheme.
7061: 5502: 1741:, as well as religious and cultural values. The availability and coverage of social services varies significantly within societies. The main groups which social services is catered toward are: families, children, youths, elders, women, the sick, and the disabled. Social services consists of facilities and services such as: public education, welfare, infrastructure, mail, libraries, social work, 3733:(WHO), the provision of health services is a significant factor in ensuring that individuals are able to maintain their health and wellbeing. The WHO identifies 16 health services that must be provided by countries to ensure that universal health coverage is achieved. These are classified under four categories: reproductive, maternal and children health services, 1816:, and transport services. Social services can be both communal and individually based. This means that they may be implemented to provide assistance to the community broadly, such as economic support for unemployed citizens, or they may be administered specifically considering the need of an individual – such as 3788:
however the effectiveness of these programs are significantly reduced when they are not correctly implemented, or when these programs are not implemented together. The issues in which social services attempt at preventing for children include substance abuse, underemployment and unemployment, homelessness and
3856:
at the time of the outbreak. Social services, such as education, have been required to adapt to changing social conditions while still providing essential services. Social services have expanded worldwide through the introduction of economic stimulus packages, with governments globally committing US$
3782:
Within the area of child welfare, social services aim to provide help to children and their families, while providing mechanisms to ensure they are able to live safe, stable lives with a permanent home. In the United States, 3 million children are maltreated each year, with the overall economic costs
3787:
totalling up to US$ 80 billion annually. Social service programs cost the US$ 29 billion USD on child maltreatment prevention and child welfare services. According to researchers, social service programs are effective in reducing maltreatment and reducing overall economic costs to society,
3749:
data reveals that the provision of universal health coverage leads to significantly positive outcomes on society. This includes a positive correlation between life expectancy and the provision of health services and a negative relationship between life expectancy and countries which's social service
2120:
study in 2011 found that the countries with the highest ratings were Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland, while the lowest ratings were given by people from Estonia, Portugal and Hungary. Another study recorded by the Global Barometer of Happiness in 2011 found similar results. Both of these studies
1873:
The development of social services increased significantly in the last two decades of the nineteenth century in Europe. There are a number of factors that contributed to the development of social services in this period. These include: the impacts of industrialisation and urbanisation, the influence
1932:
also introduced a large amount of social welfare legislation in this period. Mandatory sickness insurance was introduced in 1883, with workplace accident insurance enacted in 1884 alongside old age and invalidity schemes in 1889. Insurance laws of this kind were emulated in other European countries
2010:
government in 1953 propagated a healthcare inclusive workers insurance programme. A separate insurance scheme for bureaucrats and the military was also provided in Korea in this time. In 1968, Singapore increased its social services program to include public housing, and expanding this further in
2146:
However, the impact of social service programs on poverty varies depending on the service. One paper conducted within China indicates that social services in the form of direct financial assistance does not have a positive impact on the reduction of poverty rates. The paper also stated that the
1953:
According to Carmelo Meso-Lago, social services and welfare systems within South America developed in three separate stages, with three groups of countries developing at different rates. The first group, consisting of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica and Uruguay, developed social insurance
1859:
Social services may be available to the entirety of the population, such as the police and fire services, or they may be available to only specific groups or sections of society. Some examples of social service recipients include elderly people, children and families, people with disabilities,
1915:
it was set at 12 hours per day. The Act also was the first legislation requiring compulsory schooling within Britain. Another central development for the existence of social services was Switzerland's legislation of the Factory Act in 1877. The Factory Act introduced limitations on
3851:
have provided critical services in containing the pandemic and ensuring society functions. The impact of the pandemic was compounded by the shortage of social services globally, with the world requiring six million more nurses and midwives to achieve the goals set within the
1997:
scheme was introduced in 1955. Within Korea, voluntary health insurance was made available in 1963 and mandated in 1976. Private insurance was only available to citizens employed by large corporate firms, while a separate insurance plans were provided to
1860:
including both physical and mental disabilities. These may extend to drug users, young offenders and refugees and asylum seekers depending on the country and its social service programs, as well as the presence of non-governmental organisations.
1902:
In the nineteenth century, as countries industrialised further, the extent of social services in the form of labour schemes and compensation expanded. The expansion of social services began following Britain's legislation of the 1833
3964: 1828:'. This model provides significant aid to disadvantaged groups such as people with disabilities and is administered through the local government with limited contributions from non-governmental organisations. 1796:, social assistance, social care and social work, with many of the terms overlapping in characteristics and features. What is considered a ‘social service’ in a specific country is determined by its history, 3804:. Following 1996 welfare reform in the US, employment rates among single mothers have increased considerably from 60% in 1994 to 72% in 1999. Social services, particularly education, are considered by 1850:
model: employed in the UK and Australia, the government provides support but has stringent regulations and checks which it employs to determine who is entitled to receive social services or assistance.
3750:
programs do not provide universal healthcare coverage. Additionally, the density of the provision of healthcare services by the government is positively associated with increases in life expectancy.
2014:
Following domestic political upheaval within Asian countries in the 1980s, the availability social services considerably increased in the region. In 1988 in Korea, health insurance was granted to
4955: 1242: 1726:. They may be provided by individuals, private and independent organizations, or administered by a government agency. Social services are connected with the concept of welfare and the 3812:. Social services, notably educational programs and aid provided by organisations such as UNICEF, are also essential in providing women strategies and tools to prevent and respond to 1907:. The legislation set limits on the minimum age of children working, preventing children younger than nine years of age from working. Additionally, the Act set a limit of 48 1891: 2147:
provision of public services in the form of medical insurance, health services and hygiene protection have a 'significantly positive' impact upon the reduction of poverty.
4982: 3767: 3718: 2011:
1984 to include medical care. Within both Korea and Taiwan, by the 1980s the number of workers that were covered by labour insurance had not increased above 20%.
3912: 2139:
Research indicates that welfare programs, which are included as a part of social services, have a considerable impact upon poverty rates in countries in which
3808:
as an effective method through which to combat gender inequality. Social services such as education may be employed to overcome discrimination and challenge
4721: 6158: 3902: 1006: 2071: 4301: 1840: 6329: 4794:
Ringel, Jeanne S.; Schultz, Dana; Mendelsohn, Joshua; Holliday, Stephanie Brooks; Sieck, Katharine; Edochie, Ifeanyi; Davis, Lauren (2018-03-30).
3816:. Other examples of social services which may help address this issue include the police, welfare services, counselling, legal aid and healthcare. 4769:. Click the sources tab under the chart for info on the countries, healthcare expenditures, and data sources. See the later version of the chart 3882: 6359: 3877: 3867: 3705:
The topmost graph displays spending on social services as a percentage of yearly GDP in OECD countries from the period between 1880 and 2016.
1031: 1001: 2560: 1706: 1083: 6364: 6301: 6130: 6324: 4898: 6428: 5010: 3907: 1036: 156: 6339: 3714: 2565:
The table below displays the welfare spending of countries as a percentage of their total GDP. The statistics are sourced from the
1426: 5829: 5540: 5227: 1016: 1722:
are a range of public services intended to provide support and assistance towards particular groups, which commonly include the
6354: 6334: 1967: 1505: 1780:. This non-governmental charity provides the sourcing, preparation and delivery of food to disadvantaged peoples, such as the 6344: 5862: 4226: 4075: 4014: 1550: 1344: 1123: 4758: 1376: 1237: 1185: 1180: 6349: 6276: 6206: 4956:"The role of public service and public servants during the COVID-19 pandemic | Department of Economic and Social Affairs" 1493: 1205: 1056: 658: 6256: 6201: 1416: 1314: 1262: 1200: 1195: 1133: 6135: 2158: 2150: 6286: 6281: 6246: 6191: 6034: 4278: 1421: 1046: 801: 5984: 7065: 6271: 6266: 6241: 6221: 6196: 6186: 6163: 5506: 4847: 4692: 3792:. Social service programs within this area include family preservation, kinship care, foster and residential care. 3775: 1986: 1699: 1456: 7001: 6306: 6296: 6261: 6216: 6211: 6168: 1483: 388: 17: 7089: 1894:
Illustration of industrial-era child labour, depicting a girl pulling coal up a mineshaft. The Factory Laws and
6958: 6612: 6453: 6291: 6251: 6236: 6231: 6004: 2134: 2121:
indicated that the most important aspects of quality of life to people were health, education, welfare and the
851: 420: 3800:
Empirical evidence suggests that social service programs have had a significant impact upon the employment of
1835:, this model relies on the aid of individuals and families which usually work with clergy, as well as that of 6565: 6421: 6226: 5287: 5141: 5003: 3917: 3897: 3853: 1836: 1329: 1309: 1364: 6906: 6816: 5989: 6074: 3766:
price differences between countries, the relationship between life expectancy and healthcare expenditure.
7156: 6458: 6089: 5533: 5370: 4490:
Moller, Stephanie; Huber, Evelyne; Stephens, John D.; Bradley, David; Nielsen, Francois (February 2003).
1973:
Within Asia, the significant development of social services first began in Japan after the conclusion of
1692: 1354: 931: 398: 292: 821: 7146: 6079: 5568: 1966:
Japan's economic expenditure on core social services post WWII, sourced from the Japanese Government's
1406: 1071: 856: 538: 383: 1878:
thought regarding state responsibility for welfare, and the growing influence of trade unions and the
6720: 6448: 6099: 5855: 5746: 5395: 5347: 3887: 3872: 3730: 2112:
There have been several findings which indicate that social services have a positive impact upon the
1517: 1411: 1021: 811: 491: 477: 4745: 4629: 7136: 7111: 7053: 6901: 6891: 6688: 6414: 6054: 5909: 5494: 5390: 5199: 5146: 4996: 3738: 1304: 1289: 1155: 1051: 302: 109: 906: 791: 7141: 7084: 6863: 6751: 6646: 6009: 5974: 5671: 5091: 3763: 3722: 3702:
The above graph displays social spending as a percentage of yearly GDP in OECD countries in 2015.
3693: 1609: 1488: 1431: 1319: 1284: 1143: 1098: 1011: 846: 236: 201: 82: 4922: 688: 7126: 7121: 7116: 6973: 6693: 6521: 5924: 5799: 5526: 5126: 4544:"Escaping from poverty trap: a choice between government transfer payments and public services" 1522: 1498: 1466: 1436: 1401: 1396: 1371: 1232: 1150: 1026: 996: 221: 4173: 2154:
The absolute poverty rates of various countries before and after their introduction of welfare
6896: 6886: 6848: 6821: 6783: 6756: 6666: 6575: 6494: 6484: 6153: 6148: 5959: 5934: 5789: 5784: 5700: 5664: 5239: 5182: 5076: 5061: 4732: 4616: 4161: 1746: 1643: 1565: 1540: 1512: 1471: 1451: 1441: 1386: 1324: 1299: 1215: 1210: 1175: 1160: 1113: 1108: 1103: 1093: 1088: 1041: 936: 911: 901: 806: 638: 623: 523: 465: 2162:
The relative poverty rates before and after the introduction of welfare of various countries
1944:. Through the passage Factory Acts, the severity and commonality of child labour decreased. 781: 7131: 6843: 6683: 6656: 6651: 6548: 6109: 6084: 6064: 5994: 5929: 5848: 5804: 5679: 5222: 3827:. Social services and social workers played a central role in the response to the pandemic. 3824: 2091: 1993:
laws in 1958 and pensions in 1959 to address societal upheaval. In Singapore, a compulsory
1631: 1446: 1391: 1381: 1359: 1339: 1334: 1294: 1279: 1257: 1220: 1170: 1128: 1118: 1078: 598: 563: 472: 425: 270: 144: 139: 134: 77: 1820:. Social services are provided through a variety of models. Some of these models include: 588: 62: 8: 7151: 7023: 7017: 6943: 6858: 6803: 6678: 6543: 6489: 6094: 6069: 5914: 5563: 5475: 5244: 5232: 5189: 3844: 3771: 3758: 2140: 1626: 1274: 1247: 1190: 1138: 921: 693: 633: 583: 356: 275: 216: 149: 119: 114: 87: 46: 30: 6968: 6533: 5969: 5919: 5720: 5707: 5589: 5440: 4820: 4795: 4578: 4543: 4519: 4361: 2003: 1349: 1252: 1165: 961: 896: 796: 351: 331: 168: 4666: 613: 6938: 6933: 6921: 6916: 6788: 6778: 6698: 6641: 6585: 6104: 5999: 5944: 5760: 5645: 5624: 5617: 5342: 5322: 5267: 4825: 4807: 4766: 4602: 4583: 4565: 4511: 4467: 4365: 4353: 4274: 4232: 4222: 4071: 4010: 3813: 1978: 1929: 1793: 1668: 941: 698: 628: 603: 593: 573: 393: 280: 211: 173: 34:
The provision of education services is an example of a social service. For more, see
4770: 1898:
in the late nineteenth century aimed at limiting and ending child labour in Europe.
6953: 6798: 6773: 6580: 6570: 6560: 6059: 6014: 5840: 5794: 5725: 5653: 5402: 5249: 5217: 5194: 5030: 4815: 4670: 4573: 4555: 4503: 4457: 4449: 4345: 4266: 4169: 4063: 4002: 3742: 2096: 1990: 1982: 1801: 1584: 1577: 916: 866: 831: 776: 683: 668: 643: 578: 548: 415: 366: 341: 324: 319: 253: 178: 104: 92: 35: 4105: 836: 6963: 6730: 6725: 6538: 6029: 5964: 5809: 5735: 5730: 5631: 5597: 5578: 5573: 5465: 5455: 5412: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5172: 5167: 5111: 5101: 5040: 5035: 3848: 2113: 1895: 1879: 1809: 1769: 1750: 1680: 976: 966: 951: 871: 861: 841: 733: 713: 673: 648: 558: 452: 430: 371: 231: 226: 97: 7078: 6926: 6838: 6833: 6590: 6511: 6506: 6437: 6114: 6024: 6019: 5824: 5814: 5740: 5715: 5689: 5610: 5450: 5419: 5407: 5375: 5317: 5282: 5277: 5209: 5071: 5066: 5019: 4333: 3892: 3801: 2122: 2086: 2061: 1999: 1994: 1921: 1813: 1648: 1621: 1616: 1589: 1545: 891: 826: 678: 653: 618: 568: 508: 435: 336: 297: 287: 161: 129: 4560: 4349: 4236: 4191: 4055: 3770:. The US does not provide a universal health care program, but introduced the 1962: 881: 703: 7105: 7029: 6985: 6948: 6878: 6853: 6763: 6661: 6607: 6602: 6395: 6390: 5979: 5768: 5694: 5658: 5603: 5549: 5460: 5385: 5337: 5162: 5121: 5116: 5096: 5086: 4811: 4569: 4515: 4471: 4357: 4067: 3994: 3698: 2048: 1832: 1777: 1727: 1723: 1604: 926: 886: 816: 786: 753: 748: 728: 608: 533: 445: 308: 124: 4006: 3819: 1761: 6828: 6768: 6516: 6474: 5753: 5445: 5380: 5332: 5327: 5259: 5136: 5131: 4829: 4587: 4453: 4260: 2066: 2043: 2038: 1974: 1941: 1917: 1908: 1904: 1825: 1781: 1773: 1734: 1733:
The provision of social services by governments is linked to the belief of
1638: 971: 946: 876: 723: 553: 543: 346: 4437: 4270: 6980: 6868: 6793: 6710: 6629: 6622: 6479: 6385: 6380: 5939: 5893: 5871: 5684: 5583: 5297: 5272: 5106: 5056: 4874: 3836:
Social services have played a central role in the global response to the
3809: 3784: 2027: 1912: 1817: 1788:
The term ‘social services’ is often substituted with other terms such as
956: 758: 743: 718: 513: 498: 405: 258: 206: 4674: 4462: 4438:"Do Social-Welfare Policies Reduce Poverty? A Cross-National Assessment" 4412:
Dimian, Gina (2012). "PUBLIC SERVICES – KEY FACTOR TO QUALITY OF LIFE".
4259:
Flora, Peter (2017-07-28). Flora, Peter; Heidenheimer, Arnold J (eds.).
1675: 7034: 6873: 6715: 6673: 6617: 5954: 5949: 5819: 5638: 5470: 5352: 5292: 5081: 4523: 3789: 2081: 2007: 1925: 1875: 1847: 1765: 1594: 1560: 1555: 1225: 738: 528: 503: 410: 263: 243: 54: 4216: 6808: 6705: 6634: 6528: 6501: 4762: 4643: 4492:"Determinants of Relative Poverty in Advanced Capitalist Democracies" 4491: 3734: 2076: 2053: 1742: 1738: 1663: 1461: 663: 183: 4507: 6141: 3840: 3837: 1599: 1572: 1476: 1267: 518: 361: 7073: 6406: 4988: 4759:
Link between health spending and life expectancy: US is an outlier
4379: 4218:
STRATEGY OF EQUALITY : redistribution and the social services
6555: 5435: 4542:
Chen, Sixia; Li, Jianjun; Lu, Shengfeng; Xiong, Bo (2017-06-05).
4056:"'Late Industrializers' and the Development of the Welfare State" 1936: 1808:. The most central aspects of social services include education, 1805: 1797: 1789: 708: 314: 248: 5518: 3847:, public officials, teachers, social welfare officers and other 2177:(threshold set at 40% of United States median household income) 4983:
In Chelsea, coalition aims to save lives on verge of unraveling
4793: 4414:
Management & Marketing Challenges for the Knowledge Society
3805: 2015: 378: 4603:"The evolution and impact of social security in South Africa" 3913:
Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government (UK)
5177: 4662: 3746: 2566: 2117: 4489: 3995:"The Welfare State, Public Services and the 'Social Wage'" 3725:. $ 6,319 for Canada in 2022. $ 12,555 for the US in 2022. 1890: 6597: 2573:
Welfare spending of countries as percentage of total GDP
2554: 1824:
The Scandinavian model: based on the principles within '
4985:– article on "Hub model" of social service coordination 4262:
The Development of Welfare States in Europe and America
1940:
A photograph of a 10-year-old girl in 1912 employed in
2567:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
3823:
A photograph of a doctor in 2020 in the midst of the
5870: 4334:"Conservative Social Politics in Austria, 1880–1890" 3883:
Department for Communities and Local Government (UK)
3857:
130 Billion as of June 2020 to manage the pandemic.
6159:
International Association of Schools of Social Work
4380:"Welcome to Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare" 4062:, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 215–245, 4001:, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 162–184, 3903:
Ministry of Community and Social Services (Ontario)
1007:
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party
6335:National Association of Social Workers (American) 6325:International Federation of Social Workers (IFSW) 1911:for children aged 9 to 13, and for children aged 7103: 6330:National Alliance of Professional Social Workers 3992: 3762:This graph displays, adjusted for inflation and 6365:Professional Social Workers' Association (PSWA) 6136:Bachelor of Social Work (BA, BSc or BSW) degree 4848:"From Welfare to Work: What the Evidence Shows" 4722:"Universal Health Coverage and Health Outcomes" 3831: 1831:The family care model: employed throughout the 4656: 4644:"Government spending climbs to R1,71 trillion" 1981:in the 1950s following the reformation of the 6422: 6350:Institute of Medical Social Workers (British) 6149:Master of Social Work degree (MA, MSc or MSW) 5856: 5534: 5004: 4600: 4541: 3868:Australian referendum, 1946 (Social Services) 1700: 1032:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties 1002:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 2561:List of countries by social welfare spending 1948: 6360:Scottish Children's Reporter Administration 6131:Qualifications for professional social work 4185: 4183: 3999:Developmental Pathways to Poverty Reduction 3993:Seekings, Jeremy; Nattrass, Nicoli (2015), 1928:for children and young adults. In Germany, 6429: 6415: 6154:Doctor of Social Work degree (Ph.D or DSW) 5863: 5849: 5541: 5527: 5011: 4997: 3721:. Public and private spending. US dollars 1707: 1693: 4819: 4601:Woolard, Ingrid; Klasen, Stephan (2010). 4577: 4559: 4461: 4435: 3908:New York State Social Services Department 1772:preparing food. This is an example of an 1037:International Federation of Liberal Youth 6340:Australian Association of Social Workers 4899:"Turning domestic violence into triumph" 4331: 4180: 4159: 3818: 3757: 3713: 3697: 3692: 2157: 2149: 1961: 1935: 1889: 1760: 29: 4845: 4420:: 151–164 – via ProQuest Central. 4214: 4174:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579396.003.0045 4053: 1753:, public transport and public housing. 1017:Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats 14: 7104: 6355:Canadian Association of Social Workers 6110:Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) 4950: 4948: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4869: 4867: 4841: 4839: 4789: 4787: 4785: 4783: 4781: 4779: 4716: 4714: 4712: 4687: 4685: 4683: 4537: 4535: 4533: 4411: 4160:Peng, Ito; Wong, Joseph (2010-07-15). 4060:Social Policy in a Development Context 2555:Expenditure on social welfare programs 6410: 6345:British Association of Social Workers 5844: 5522: 4992: 4846:Moffitt, Robert A. (2 January 2002). 4485: 4483: 4481: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4407: 4405: 4403: 4401: 4399: 4327: 4325: 4323: 4321: 4258: 4210: 4208: 4155: 4153: 4151: 4149: 4147: 4145: 3988: 3986: 3984: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3953: 2180: 2174: 2171: 2167:Poverty levels pre- and post-welfare 1968:Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare 1885: 1868: 1776:which provides the social service of 7060: 5501: 4752: 4332:Grandner, Margarete (January 1996). 4296: 4294: 4292: 4290: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4192:"Social Expenditure Database (SOCX)" 4143: 4141: 4139: 4137: 4135: 4133: 4131: 4129: 4127: 4125: 4100: 4098: 4096: 4094: 4092: 4049: 4047: 4045: 4043: 4041: 4039: 4037: 4035: 4033: 4031: 3951: 3949: 3947: 3945: 3943: 3941: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3933: 2143:accounts for over 20% of their GDP. 6436: 5018: 4939: 4864: 4836: 4776: 4709: 4680: 4530: 1957: 1057:Liberal South East European Network 24: 4796:"Improving Child Welfare Outcomes" 4667:Health resources – Health spending 4478: 4424: 4396: 4318: 4205: 3981: 3878:Department of Social Services (US) 3709: 2175:Absolute poverty rate (1960–1991) 2107: 1756: 25: 7168: 6035:Social learning (social pedagogy) 5548: 4976: 4923:"Police, legal help, and the law" 4693:"Universal health coverage (UHC)" 4548:Global Health Research and Policy 4287: 4243: 4122: 4089: 4028: 3930: 1047:Liberal Network for Latin America 480:(contributions to liberal theory) 7083: 7072: 7059: 7048: 7047: 6164:Council on Social Work Education 5500: 5489: 5488: 4189: 3719:Total healthcare cost per person 3669: 3638: 3611: 3580: 3549: 3518: 3487: 3460: 3429: 3398: 3367: 3340: 3309: 3278: 3247: 3216: 3189: 3158: 3127: 3096: 3065: 3038: 3008: 2977: 2946: 2915: 2884: 2853: 2822: 2791: 2760: 2729: 2698: 2667: 2636: 2605: 2529: 2504: 2479: 2454: 2429: 2404: 2379: 2354: 2329: 2304: 2279: 2254: 2229: 2204: 1674: 1662: 61: 7002:List of social science journals 4927:Family & Community Services 4915: 4891: 4636: 4594: 4372: 3776:Healthcare in the United States 6959:Science and technology studies 6005:Solution focused brief therapy 3873:Child Protective Services (US) 3768:US average of $ 10,447 in 2018 421:Separation of church and state 13: 1: 5288:Needle and syringe programmes 5142:Universal access to education 3969:scholar.googleusercontent.com 3924: 3918:Social Welfare (constituency) 3898:International Social Services 3854:Sustainable Development Goals 1854: 5990:Cognitive behavioral therapy 4496:American Sociological Review 4436:Kenworthy, L. (1999-03-01). 3832:Social services and COVID-19 3814:domestic and family violence 7: 6090:Social work in the military 5371:Publicly funded health care 3860: 3753: 2135:Welfare's effect on poverty 2016:self-employed rural workers 10: 7173: 4215:JULIAN., LE GRAND (2020). 3965:"EUROPEAN SOCIAL SERVICES" 2558: 2132: 2128: 2102: 1977:. Due to rising levels of 1863: 7043: 7010: 6994: 6741: 6467: 6444: 6373: 6315: 6177: 6123: 6075:Psychiatric social worker 6047: 5902: 5886: 5879: 5777: 5556: 5484: 5428: 5396:National health insurance 5361: 5348:Supervised injection site 5258: 5208: 5155: 5049: 5026: 4561:10.1186/s41256-017-0035-x 4350:10.1017/s006723780000583x 4338:Austrian History Yearbook 3888:Emergency Social Services 3739:noncommunicable' diseases 3731:World Health Organization 3664: 3633: 3606: 3575: 3544: 3513: 3482: 3455: 3424: 3393: 3362: 3335: 3304: 3273: 3242: 3211: 3184: 3153: 3122: 3091: 3060: 3033: 3003: 2972: 2941: 2910: 2879: 2848: 2817: 2786: 2755: 2724: 2693: 2662: 2631: 2600: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2586: 2583: 2580: 2577: 2527: 2502: 2477: 2452: 2427: 2402: 2377: 2352: 2327: 2302: 2277: 2252: 2227: 2202: 2197: 2194: 2191: 2188: 1949:South America (1910–1960) 1644:Sexually liberal feminism 1551:Bias in American academia 1022:European Democratic Party 478:List of liberal theorists 5910:Anti-oppressive practice 5830:Public policy by country 5391:Single-payer health care 5200:Universal basic services 5147:Universal basic services 4068:10.1057/9780230523975_10 3795: 2058:Charitable Organisations 2021: 1987:Liberal Democratic Party 303:Labor theory of property 27:Range of public services 6647:international relations 6010:Strength-based practice 5985:Psychosocial assessment 5975:Performance measurement 5092:Public good (economics) 4166:Oxford Handbooks Online 4110:Encyclopedia Britannica 4054:Pierson, Chris (2004), 4007:10.1057/9781137452696_7 3774:in 2010. For more, see 2087:Crisis Support Services 1012:Arab Liberal Federation 202:Consent of the governed 6974:Quantum social science 6169:Schools of social work 6065:Forensic social worker 5925:Community organization 5800:Public policy doctrine 4740:Cite journal requires 4624:Cite journal requires 4302:"The 1833 Factory Act" 3828: 3779: 3741:, and basic access to 3726: 3706: 3703: 2181:Relative poverty rate 2163: 2155: 1970: 1945: 1909:working hours per week 1899: 1785: 1735:universal human rights 1027:European Liberal Youth 997:Africa Liberal Network 222:Economic globalization 39: 7011:Other categorizations 6864:International studies 6849:History of technology 6784:Communication studies 6667:public administration 6080:Rehabilitation worker 6070:Medical social worker 5960:New Public Management 5935:Financial social work 5790:Public administration 5785:Evidence-based policy 5240:Public infrastructure 5077:Public administration 5062:Free-culture movement 4800:Rand Health Quarterly 4271:10.4324/9781351304924 3822: 3761: 3717: 3701: 3696: 2161: 2153: 2097:Public transportation 1989:legislated extensive 1965: 1939: 1926:workplace protections 1893: 1764: 1747:universal health care 1739:democratic principles 1669:Liberalism portal 1541:Anti-authoritarianism 1042:Liberal International 33: 6844:Historical sociology 6085:School social worker 6048:Types of social work 5995:Recreational therapy 5930:Critical social work 5874:and related concepts 5805:Public policy school 4454:10.1093/sf/77.3.1119 3825:coronavirus outbreak 3790:criminal convictions 473:Age of Enlightenment 426:Separation of powers 7024:Geisteswissenschaft 7018:Behavioral sciences 6944:Political sociology 6859:Information science 6804:Development studies 6302:Trinidad and Tobago 6095:Social group worker 5915:Crisis intervention 5476:Public viewing area 5245:Public water system 5233:Municipal broadband 5190:Public broadcasting 4761:. May 26, 2017. By 4675:10.1787/8643de7e-en 3772:Affordable Care Act 3735:infectious diseases 2574: 2168: 2141:welfare expenditure 2116:of individuals. An 2072:Disability Services 1681:Politics portal 384:Civil and political 357:Popular sovereignty 217:Economic liberalism 7157:Left-wing politics 7079:Society portal 6566:auxiliary sciences 6055:Social case worker 5970:Program evaluation 5920:Community practice 5441:Government auction 5127:Public procurement 3845:Healthcare workers 3829: 3785:child maltreatment 3780: 3727: 3707: 3704: 2572: 2166: 2164: 2156: 2004:military personnel 1971: 1946: 1922:maternity benefits 1900: 1886:Europe (1833–1914) 1869:Early developments 1786: 352:Permissive society 332:Limited government 40: 7147:Social liberalism 7099: 7098: 6939:Political economy 6934:Political ecology 6789:Community studies 6779:Cognitive science 6742:Interdisciplinary 6642:Political science 6404: 6403: 6043: 6042: 6000:Health psychology 5945:Group development 5838: 5837: 5763: 5756: 5749: 5710: 5703: 5674: 5667: 5648: 5641: 5634: 5627: 5620: 5613: 5606: 5592: 5516: 5515: 5343:Public university 5323:Public open space 5268:Drinking fountain 5228:Telecommunication 4875:"Gender equality" 4767:Our World in Data 4306:www.parliament.uk 4228:978-1-138-59765-5 4077:978-1-4039-3661-5 4016:978-1-349-56904-5 3729:According to the 3691: 3690: 2552: 2551: 2006:. In Taiwan, the 1979:social inequality 1930:Otto von Bismarck 1794:social protection 1717: 1716: 1556:Bias in the media 1072:Regional variants 389:Natural and legal 16:(Redirected from 7164: 7087: 7077: 7076: 7063: 7062: 7051: 7050: 6954:Regional science 6799:Cultural studies 6774:Business studies 6431: 6424: 6417: 6408: 6407: 6060:Child protection 6015:Systems thinking 5884: 5883: 5865: 5858: 5851: 5842: 5841: 5795:Public budgeting 5759: 5752: 5745: 5706: 5699: 5672:Renewable energy 5670: 5663: 5644: 5637: 5630: 5623: 5616: 5609: 5602: 5588: 5543: 5536: 5529: 5520: 5519: 5504: 5503: 5492: 5491: 5403:Social insurance 5250:Waste management 5218:Electric utility 5195:Public transport 5112:Public ownership 5031:Municipalization 5013: 5006: 4999: 4990: 4989: 4971: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4952: 4937: 4936: 4934: 4933: 4919: 4913: 4912: 4910: 4909: 4895: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4885: 4871: 4862: 4861: 4859: 4858: 4843: 4834: 4833: 4823: 4791: 4774: 4756: 4750: 4749: 4743: 4738: 4736: 4728: 4726: 4718: 4707: 4706: 4704: 4703: 4689: 4678: 4660: 4654: 4653: 4651: 4650: 4640: 4634: 4633: 4627: 4622: 4620: 4612: 4610: 4609: 4598: 4592: 4591: 4581: 4563: 4539: 4528: 4527: 4487: 4476: 4475: 4465: 4448:(3): 1119–1139. 4433: 4422: 4421: 4409: 4394: 4393: 4391: 4390: 4376: 4370: 4369: 4329: 4316: 4315: 4313: 4312: 4298: 4285: 4284: 4256: 4241: 4240: 4212: 4203: 4202: 4200: 4198: 4187: 4178: 4177: 4157: 4120: 4119: 4117: 4116: 4106:"Social service" 4102: 4087: 4086: 4085: 4084: 4051: 4026: 4025: 4024: 4023: 3990: 3979: 3978: 3976: 3975: 3961: 3743:medical services 3675: 3673: 3672: 3644: 3642: 3641: 3617: 3615: 3614: 3586: 3584: 3583: 3555: 3553: 3552: 3524: 3522: 3521: 3493: 3491: 3490: 3466: 3464: 3463: 3435: 3433: 3432: 3404: 3402: 3401: 3373: 3371: 3370: 3346: 3344: 3343: 3315: 3313: 3312: 3284: 3282: 3281: 3253: 3251: 3250: 3222: 3220: 3219: 3195: 3193: 3192: 3164: 3162: 3161: 3133: 3131: 3130: 3102: 3100: 3099: 3071: 3069: 3068: 3044: 3042: 3041: 3014: 3012: 3011: 2983: 2981: 2980: 2952: 2950: 2949: 2921: 2919: 2918: 2890: 2888: 2887: 2859: 2857: 2856: 2828: 2826: 2825: 2797: 2795: 2794: 2766: 2764: 2763: 2735: 2733: 2732: 2704: 2702: 2701: 2673: 2671: 2670: 2642: 2640: 2639: 2611: 2609: 2608: 2575: 2571: 2535: 2533: 2532: 2510: 2508: 2507: 2485: 2483: 2482: 2460: 2458: 2457: 2435: 2433: 2432: 2410: 2408: 2407: 2385: 2383: 2382: 2360: 2358: 2357: 2335: 2333: 2332: 2310: 2308: 2307: 2285: 2283: 2282: 2260: 2258: 2257: 2235: 2233: 2232: 2210: 2208: 2207: 2169: 2165: 2092:Emergency Relief 1991:health insurance 1985:, the incumbent 1983:Japanese economy 1958:Asia (1950–2000) 1814:housing programs 1802:political system 1709: 1702: 1695: 1679: 1678: 1667: 1666: 1585:Economic freedom 1578:Radical centrism 416:Secular humanism 342:Natural monopoly 293:Internationalism 110:Internationalist 65: 42: 41: 36:Public Education 21: 7172: 7171: 7167: 7166: 7165: 7163: 7162: 7161: 7137:Social sciences 7112:Public services 7102: 7101: 7100: 7095: 7071: 7039: 7006: 6990: 6964:Science studies 6748:Administration 6737: 6463: 6440: 6438:Social sciences 6435: 6405: 6400: 6369: 6317: 6311: 6179: 6173: 6119: 6100:Social planning 6039: 6030:Social medicine 5965:Policy analysis 5898: 5875: 5869: 5839: 5834: 5810:Policy analysis 5773: 5552: 5547: 5517: 5512: 5480: 5466:Public security 5456:Public offering 5424: 5413:Social security 5363:Social services 5357: 5313:Public hospital 5308:Public computer 5303:Public bookcase 5254: 5204: 5173:Law enforcement 5168:Fire department 5151: 5102:Public interest 5045: 5041:Progressive tax 5036:Nationalization 5022: 5020:Public services 5017: 4979: 4974: 4965: 4963: 4954: 4953: 4940: 4931: 4929: 4921: 4920: 4916: 4907: 4905: 4897: 4896: 4892: 4883: 4881: 4873: 4872: 4865: 4856: 4854: 4844: 4837: 4792: 4777: 4757: 4753: 4741: 4739: 4730: 4729: 4727:. 22 July 2016. 4724: 4720: 4719: 4710: 4701: 4699: 4691: 4690: 4681: 4661: 4657: 4648: 4646: 4642: 4641: 4637: 4625: 4623: 4614: 4613: 4607: 4605: 4599: 4595: 4540: 4531: 4508:10.2307/3088901 4488: 4479: 4434: 4425: 4410: 4397: 4388: 4386: 4378: 4377: 4373: 4330: 4319: 4310: 4308: 4300: 4299: 4288: 4281: 4257: 4244: 4229: 4213: 4206: 4196: 4194: 4188: 4181: 4158: 4123: 4114: 4112: 4104: 4103: 4090: 4082: 4080: 4078: 4052: 4029: 4021: 4019: 4017: 3991: 3982: 3973: 3971: 3963: 3962: 3931: 3927: 3922: 3863: 3849:public servants 3834: 3798: 3756: 3712: 3710:Health services 3670: 3668: 3639: 3637: 3612: 3610: 3581: 3579: 3550: 3548: 3519: 3517: 3488: 3486: 3461: 3459: 3430: 3428: 3399: 3397: 3368: 3366: 3341: 3339: 3310: 3308: 3279: 3277: 3248: 3246: 3223:Czech Republic 3217: 3215: 3190: 3188: 3159: 3157: 3134:United Kingdom 3128: 3126: 3097: 3095: 3066: 3064: 3039: 3037: 3009: 3007: 2978: 2976: 2947: 2945: 2916: 2914: 2885: 2883: 2854: 2852: 2823: 2821: 2792: 2790: 2761: 2759: 2730: 2728: 2699: 2697: 2668: 2666: 2637: 2635: 2606: 2604: 2563: 2557: 2530: 2528: 2505: 2503: 2486:United Kingdom 2480: 2478: 2455: 2453: 2430: 2428: 2405: 2403: 2380: 2378: 2355: 2353: 2330: 2328: 2305: 2303: 2280: 2278: 2255: 2253: 2230: 2228: 2205: 2203: 2137: 2131: 2114:quality of life 2110: 2108:Quality of life 2105: 2024: 1960: 1951: 1896:labor movements 1888: 1880:labour movement 1871: 1866: 1857: 1810:health services 1806:economic status 1778:food assistance 1770:Meals on Wheels 1759: 1757:Characteristics 1720:Social services 1713: 1673: 1661: 1654: 1653: 1536: 1528: 1527: 1330:North Macedonia 1074: 1064: 1063: 1062: 1061: 1052:Liberal parties 990: 982: 981: 772: 764: 763: 494: 484: 483: 468: 458: 457: 453:State of nature 441:Social services 431:Social contract 394:To own property 197: 189: 188: 73: 28: 23: 22: 18:Social Services 15: 12: 11: 5: 7170: 7160: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7142:Social justice 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7097: 7096: 7094: 7093: 7081: 7069: 7057: 7044: 7041: 7040: 7038: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7020: 7014: 7012: 7008: 7007: 7005: 7004: 6998: 6996: 6992: 6991: 6989: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6977: 6976: 6971: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6930: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6911: 6910: 6909: 6907:social science 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6839:Global studies 6836: 6834:Gender studies 6831: 6826: 6825: 6824: 6819: 6817:social science 6813:Environmental 6811: 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6760: 6759: 6754: 6745: 6743: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6735: 6734: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6703: 6702: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6671: 6670: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6639: 6638: 6637: 6627: 6626: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6595: 6594: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6553: 6552: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6526: 6525: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6512:macroeconomics 6509: 6507:microeconomics 6499: 6498: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6471: 6469: 6465: 6464: 6462: 6461: 6456: 6451: 6445: 6442: 6441: 6434: 6433: 6426: 6419: 6411: 6402: 6401: 6399: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6377: 6375: 6371: 6370: 6368: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6321: 6319: 6313: 6312: 6310: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6183: 6181: 6180:by nationality 6178:Social workers 6175: 6174: 6172: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6138: 6133: 6127: 6125: 6124:Qualifications 6121: 6120: 6118: 6117: 6115:Youth services 6112: 6107: 6105:Welfare worker 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6051: 6049: 6045: 6044: 6041: 6040: 6038: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6025:Social actions 6022: 6020:Social justice 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5967: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5906: 5904: 5900: 5899: 5897: 5896: 5890: 5888: 5881: 5877: 5876: 5868: 5867: 5860: 5853: 5845: 5836: 5835: 5833: 5832: 5827: 5825:Youth services 5822: 5817: 5815:Policy studies 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5781: 5779: 5775: 5774: 5772: 5771: 5766: 5765: 5764: 5757: 5750: 5738: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5713: 5712: 5711: 5704: 5701:Pharmaceutical 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5676: 5675: 5668: 5665:Nuclear energy 5656: 5651: 5650: 5649: 5642: 5635: 5628: 5621: 5614: 5607: 5595: 5594: 5593: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5569:Climate change 5566: 5560: 5558: 5554: 5553: 5546: 5545: 5538: 5531: 5523: 5514: 5513: 5511: 5510: 5498: 5485: 5482: 5481: 5479: 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5451:Public holiday 5448: 5443: 5438: 5432: 5430: 5426: 5425: 5423: 5422: 5420:Youth services 5417: 5416: 5415: 5410: 5408:Social pension 5400: 5399: 5398: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5376:Public housing 5373: 5367: 5365: 5359: 5358: 5356: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5318:Public library 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5283:Infrastructure 5280: 5278:Free education 5275: 5270: 5264: 5262: 5256: 5255: 5253: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5236: 5235: 5225: 5220: 5214: 5212: 5210:Public utility 5206: 5205: 5203: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5186: 5185: 5183:Savings system 5178:Postal service 5175: 5170: 5165: 5159: 5157: 5156:Basic services 5153: 5152: 5150: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5072:Product sample 5069: 5067:Free newspaper 5064: 5059: 5053: 5051: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5043: 5038: 5033: 5027: 5024: 5023: 5016: 5015: 5008: 5001: 4993: 4987: 4986: 4978: 4977:External links 4975: 4973: 4972: 4938: 4914: 4890: 4879:www.unicef.org 4863: 4835: 4775: 4751: 4742:|journal= 4708: 4679: 4655: 4635: 4626:|journal= 4593: 4529: 4477: 4423: 4395: 4384:www.mhlw.go.jp 4371: 4317: 4286: 4279: 4242: 4227: 4204: 4179: 4121: 4088: 4076: 4027: 4015: 3980: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3921: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3893:Human services 3890: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3864: 3862: 3859: 3833: 3830: 3802:single mothers 3797: 3794: 3755: 3752: 3711: 3708: 3689: 3688: 3686: 3684: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3666: 3662: 3661: 3658: 3655: 3652: 3649: 3646: 3635: 3631: 3630: 3628: 3626: 3624: 3622: 3619: 3608: 3604: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3591: 3588: 3577: 3573: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3563: 3560: 3557: 3546: 3542: 3541: 3538: 3535: 3532: 3529: 3526: 3515: 3511: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3495: 3484: 3480: 3479: 3477: 3475: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3457: 3453: 3452: 3449: 3446: 3443: 3440: 3437: 3426: 3422: 3421: 3418: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3406: 3395: 3391: 3390: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3378: 3375: 3364: 3360: 3359: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3337: 3333: 3332: 3329: 3326: 3323: 3320: 3317: 3306: 3302: 3301: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3275: 3271: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3255: 3254:United States 3244: 3240: 3239: 3236: 3233: 3230: 3227: 3224: 3213: 3209: 3208: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3186: 3182: 3181: 3178: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3166: 3155: 3151: 3150: 3147: 3144: 3141: 3138: 3135: 3124: 3120: 3119: 3116: 3113: 3110: 3107: 3104: 3093: 3089: 3088: 3085: 3082: 3079: 3076: 3073: 3062: 3058: 3057: 3055: 3053: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3035: 3031: 3030: 3027: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3005: 3001: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2988: 2985: 2974: 2970: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2943: 2939: 2938: 2935: 2932: 2929: 2926: 2923: 2912: 2908: 2907: 2904: 2901: 2898: 2895: 2892: 2881: 2877: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2864: 2861: 2850: 2846: 2845: 2842: 2839: 2836: 2833: 2830: 2819: 2815: 2814: 2811: 2808: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2788: 2784: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2768: 2757: 2753: 2752: 2749: 2746: 2743: 2740: 2737: 2726: 2722: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2706: 2695: 2691: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2675: 2664: 2660: 2659: 2656: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2633: 2629: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2613: 2602: 2598: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2559:Main article: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2540: 2537: 2525: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2511:United States 2500: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2490: 2487: 2475: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2450: 2449: 2446: 2443: 2440: 2437: 2425: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2400: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2387: 2375: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2365: 2362: 2350: 2349: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2325: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2315: 2312: 2300: 2299: 2296: 2293: 2290: 2287: 2275: 2274: 2271: 2268: 2265: 2262: 2250: 2249: 2246: 2243: 2240: 2237: 2225: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2200: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2186: 2185: 2179: 2173: 2133:Main article: 2130: 2127: 2123:cost of living 2109: 2106: 2104: 2101: 2100: 2099: 2094: 2089: 2084: 2082:Youth Services 2079: 2074: 2069: 2064: 2062:Public housing 2059: 2056: 2051: 2049:Insurance laws 2046: 2041: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2023: 2020: 2000:Civil Servants 1995:superannuation 1959: 1956: 1950: 1947: 1887: 1884: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1856: 1853: 1852: 1851: 1844: 1829: 1798:cultural norms 1790:social welfare 1758: 1755: 1715: 1714: 1712: 1711: 1704: 1697: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1684: 1683: 1671: 1656: 1655: 1652: 1651: 1649:Utilitarianism 1646: 1641: 1636: 1635: 1634: 1629: 1622:Libertarianism 1619: 1617:Land value tax 1614: 1613: 1612: 1602: 1597: 1592: 1590:Egalitarianism 1587: 1582: 1581: 1580: 1570: 1569: 1568: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1546:Anti-communism 1543: 1537: 1535:Related topics 1534: 1533: 1530: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1520: 1515: 1510: 1509: 1508: 1503: 1502: 1501: 1491: 1489:Arizona School 1481: 1480: 1479: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1457:United Kingdom 1454: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1368: 1367: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1271: 1270: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1229: 1228: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1193: 1188: 1183: 1178: 1173: 1168: 1163: 1158: 1153: 1148: 1147: 1146: 1136: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1096: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1075: 1070: 1069: 1066: 1065: 1060: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 993: 992: 991: 988: 987: 984: 983: 980: 979: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 944: 939: 934: 929: 924: 919: 914: 909: 904: 899: 894: 889: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 773: 770: 769: 766: 765: 762: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 726: 721: 716: 711: 706: 701: 696: 691: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 651: 646: 641: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 584:Wollstonecraft 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 556: 551: 546: 541: 536: 531: 526: 521: 516: 511: 506: 501: 495: 490: 489: 486: 485: 482: 481: 475: 469: 464: 463: 460: 459: 456: 455: 450: 449: 448: 443: 436:Social justice 433: 428: 423: 418: 413: 408: 403: 402: 401: 396: 391: 386: 376: 375: 374: 369: 359: 354: 349: 344: 339: 337:Market economy 334: 329: 328: 327: 322: 312: 305: 300: 298:Invisible hand 295: 290: 288:Harm principle 285: 284: 283: 278: 273: 268: 267: 266: 261: 246: 241: 240: 239: 234: 224: 219: 214: 209: 204: 198: 195: 194: 191: 190: 187: 186: 181: 176: 171: 166: 165: 164: 159: 154: 153: 152: 137: 132: 127: 122: 117: 112: 107: 102: 101: 100: 90: 85: 80: 74: 71: 70: 67: 66: 58: 57: 51: 50: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7169: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7127:Welfare state 7125: 7123: 7122:Progressivism 7120: 7118: 7117:Public policy 7115: 7113: 7110: 7109: 7107: 7092: 7091: 7086: 7082: 7080: 7075: 7070: 7068: 7067: 7058: 7056: 7055: 7046: 7045: 7042: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7030:Human science 7028: 7026: 7025: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7015: 7013: 7009: 7003: 7000: 6999: 6997: 6993: 6987: 6986:Vegan studies 6984: 6982: 6979: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6966: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6949:Public health 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6914: 6912: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6884: 6883:Philosophies 6882: 6880: 6879:Media studies 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6854:Human ecology 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6814: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6764:Anthrozoology 6762: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6749: 6747: 6746: 6744: 6740: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6708: 6707: 6704: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6689:developmental 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6676: 6675: 6672: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6662:public policy 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6644: 6643: 6640: 6636: 6633: 6632: 6631: 6628: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6613:legal systems 6611: 6609: 6608:legal history 6606: 6604: 6603:jurisprudence 6601: 6600: 6599: 6596: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6558: 6557: 6554: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6531: 6530: 6527: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6505: 6504: 6503: 6500: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6477: 6476: 6473: 6472: 6470: 6466: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6446: 6443: 6439: 6432: 6427: 6425: 6420: 6418: 6413: 6412: 6409: 6397: 6396:Joyce Lishman 6394: 6392: 6391:Harry Hopkins 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6378: 6376: 6372: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6322: 6320: 6314: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6184: 6182: 6176: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145:(Scandinavia) 6144: 6143: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6128: 6126: 6122: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6052: 6050: 6046: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5980:Psychometrics 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5901: 5895: 5892: 5891: 5889: 5885: 5882: 5878: 5873: 5866: 5861: 5859: 5854: 5852: 5847: 5846: 5843: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5782: 5780: 5776: 5770: 5767: 5762: 5758: 5755: 5751: 5748: 5744: 5743: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5709: 5705: 5702: 5698: 5697: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5680:Environmental 5678: 5673: 5669: 5666: 5662: 5661: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5647: 5643: 5640: 5636: 5633: 5629: 5626: 5622: 5619: 5615: 5612: 5608: 5605: 5601: 5600: 5599: 5596: 5591: 5587: 5586: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5561: 5559: 5555: 5551: 5550:Public policy 5544: 5539: 5537: 5532: 5530: 5525: 5524: 5521: 5509: 5508: 5499: 5497: 5496: 5487: 5486: 5483: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5461:Public sector 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5433: 5431: 5427: 5421: 5418: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5405: 5404: 5401: 5397: 5394: 5393: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5386:Job guarantee 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5360: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5338:Public toilet 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5328:Public school 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5265: 5263: 5261: 5257: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5234: 5231: 5230: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5223:Oil & gas 5221: 5219: 5216: 5215: 5213: 5211: 5207: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5184: 5181: 5180: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5163:Civil service 5161: 5160: 5158: 5154: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5122:Public rights 5120: 5118: 5117:Public policy 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5097:Public health 5095: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5087:Public domain 5085: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5054: 5052: 5048: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5032: 5029: 5028: 5025: 5021: 5014: 5009: 5007: 5002: 5000: 4995: 4994: 4991: 4984: 4981: 4980: 4961: 4957: 4951: 4949: 4947: 4945: 4943: 4928: 4924: 4918: 4904: 4900: 4894: 4880: 4876: 4870: 4868: 4853: 4849: 4842: 4840: 4831: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4784: 4782: 4780: 4772: 4768: 4764: 4760: 4755: 4747: 4734: 4723: 4717: 4715: 4713: 4698: 4694: 4688: 4686: 4684: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4659: 4645: 4639: 4631: 4618: 4604: 4597: 4589: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4571: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4486: 4484: 4482: 4473: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4455: 4451: 4447: 4443: 4442:Social Forces 4439: 4432: 4430: 4428: 4419: 4415: 4408: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4385: 4381: 4375: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4328: 4326: 4324: 4322: 4307: 4303: 4297: 4295: 4293: 4291: 4282: 4280:9781351304924 4276: 4272: 4268: 4264: 4263: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4238: 4234: 4230: 4224: 4221:. ROUTLEDGE. 4220: 4219: 4211: 4209: 4193: 4186: 4184: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4156: 4154: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4146: 4144: 4142: 4140: 4138: 4136: 4134: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4111: 4107: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4095: 4093: 4079: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4061: 4057: 4050: 4048: 4046: 4044: 4042: 4040: 4038: 4036: 4034: 4032: 4018: 4012: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3989: 3987: 3985: 3970: 3966: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3952: 3950: 3948: 3946: 3944: 3942: 3940: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3929: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3865: 3858: 3855: 3850: 3846: 3842: 3839: 3826: 3821: 3817: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3793: 3791: 3786: 3777: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3760: 3751: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3700: 3695: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3647: 3636: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3589: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3561: 3558: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3536: 3533: 3530: 3527: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3505: 3502: 3499: 3496: 3485: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3447: 3444: 3441: 3438: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3416: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3385: 3382: 3379: 3376: 3365: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3327: 3324: 3321: 3318: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3265: 3262: 3259: 3256: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3234: 3231: 3228: 3225: 3214: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3167: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3136: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3108: 3105: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3063: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3052: 3050: 3047: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015:South Africa 3006: 3002: 2998: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2964: 2961: 2958: 2955: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2902: 2899: 2896: 2893: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2862: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2831: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2800: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2772: 2769: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2738: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2685: 2682: 2679: 2676: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2648: 2645: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2603: 2599: 2576: 2570: 2568: 2562: 2547: 2544: 2541: 2538: 2526: 2522: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2501: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2488: 2476: 2472: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2451: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2438: 2426: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2413: 2401: 2397: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2376: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2351: 2347: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2326: 2322: 2319: 2316: 2313: 2301: 2297: 2294: 2291: 2288: 2276: 2272: 2269: 2266: 2263: 2251: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2238: 2226: 2222: 2219: 2216: 2213: 2201: 2198:Post-welfare 2192:Post-welfare 2187: 2184: 2178: 2170: 2160: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2142: 2136: 2126: 2124: 2119: 2115: 2098: 2095: 2093: 2090: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2044:Fire Services 2042: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2025: 2019: 2017: 2012: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1969: 1964: 1955: 1943: 1938: 1934: 1931: 1927: 1924:and provided 1923: 1919: 1918:working hours 1914: 1910: 1906: 1897: 1892: 1883: 1881: 1877: 1861: 1849: 1845: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1833:Mediterranean 1830: 1827: 1823: 1822: 1821: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1754: 1752: 1751:fire services 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1731: 1729: 1728:welfare state 1725: 1724:disadvantaged 1721: 1710: 1705: 1703: 1698: 1696: 1691: 1690: 1688: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1672: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1659: 1658: 1657: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1624: 1623: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1611: 1608: 1607: 1606: 1605:Individualism 1603: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1579: 1576: 1575: 1574: 1571: 1567: 1564: 1563: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1538: 1532: 1531: 1524: 1521: 1519: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1507: 1504: 1500: 1497: 1496: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1486: 1485: 1484:United States 1482: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1459: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1366: 1363: 1362: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1273: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1227: 1224: 1223: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1177: 1174: 1172: 1169: 1167: 1164: 1162: 1159: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1145: 1142: 1141: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1084:Latin America 1082: 1080: 1077: 1076: 1073: 1068: 1067: 1058: 1055: 1053: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 994: 989:Organizations 986: 985: 978: 975: 973: 970: 968: 965: 963: 960: 958: 955: 953: 950: 948: 945: 943: 940: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 908: 905: 903: 900: 898: 895: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 828: 825: 823: 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 774: 768: 767: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 735: 732: 730: 727: 725: 722: 720: 717: 715: 712: 710: 707: 705: 702: 700: 697: 695: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 655: 652: 650: 647: 645: 642: 640: 637: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 560: 557: 555: 552: 550: 547: 545: 542: 540: 537: 535: 532: 530: 527: 525: 522: 520: 517: 515: 512: 510: 507: 505: 502: 500: 497: 496: 493: 488: 487: 479: 476: 474: 471: 470: 467: 462: 461: 454: 451: 447: 446:Welfare state 444: 442: 439: 438: 437: 434: 432: 429: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 409: 407: 404: 400: 397: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 381: 380: 377: 373: 370: 368: 365: 364: 363: 360: 358: 355: 353: 350: 348: 345: 343: 340: 338: 335: 333: 330: 326: 323: 321: 318: 317: 316: 313: 311: 310: 309:Laissez-faire 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 282: 279: 277: 274: 272: 269: 265: 262: 260: 257: 256: 255: 252: 251: 250: 247: 245: 242: 238: 235: 233: 230: 229: 228: 225: 223: 220: 218: 215: 213: 210: 208: 205: 203: 200: 199: 193: 192: 185: 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 170: 167: 163: 160: 158: 155: 151: 148: 147: 146: 143: 142: 141: 138: 136: 133: 131: 128: 126: 123: 121: 118: 116: 113: 111: 108: 106: 103: 99: 96: 95: 94: 91: 89: 86: 84: 81: 79: 76: 75: 69: 68: 64: 60: 59: 56: 53: 52: 48: 44: 43: 37: 32: 19: 7088: 7064: 7052: 7022: 6829:Food studies 6769:Area studies 6522:mathematical 6517:econometrics 6475:Anthropology 6318:associations 6316:Professional 6140: 5778:Other topics 5564:Agricultural 5505: 5493: 5446:Public float 5381:Job creation 5362: 5333:Public space 5260:Public works 5137:Public value 5132:Public trust 4964:. Retrieved 4962:. 2020-06-11 4959: 4930:. Retrieved 4926: 4917: 4906:. Retrieved 4902: 4893: 4882:. Retrieved 4878: 4855:. Retrieved 4851: 4803: 4799: 4754: 4733:cite journal 4700:. Retrieved 4696: 4658: 4647:. Retrieved 4638: 4617:cite journal 4606:. Retrieved 4596: 4551: 4547: 4499: 4495: 4463:10419/160860 4445: 4441: 4417: 4413: 4387:. Retrieved 4383: 4374: 4341: 4337: 4309:. Retrieved 4305: 4261: 4217: 4195:. Retrieved 4165: 4113:. Retrieved 4109: 4081:, retrieved 4059: 4020:, retrieved 3998: 3972:. Retrieved 3968: 3835: 3810:gender norms 3799: 3781: 3728: 3645:South Korea 3525:Switzerland 3523:   3405:Netherlands 3196:New Zealand 2564: 2361:Switzerland 2359:   2261:Netherlands 2195:Pre-welfare 2189:Pre-welfare 2183:(1970–1997) 2182: 2176: 2145: 2138: 2111: 2013: 1975:World War II 1972: 1952: 1942:child labour 1901: 1872: 1858: 1848:means-tested 1839:such as the 1826:universalism 1818:foster homes 1787: 1774:organisation 1732: 1719: 1718: 1639:Pirate Party 1499:Jeffersonian 1407:South Africa 897:Lloyd George 492:Philosophers 440: 399:To bear arms 347:Open society 307: 83:Conservative 7132:Social work 7090:Wikiversity 6981:Social work 6869:Linguistics 6794:Criminology 6711:criminology 6694:personality 6652:comparative 6630:Linguistics 6623:private law 6480:archaeology 6386:Amartya Sen 6381:Jane Addams 6374:Biographies 6277:New Zealand 6207:Bangladeshi 5940:Gerontology 5894:Social work 5872:Social work 5721:Immigration 5708:Vaccination 5298:Public bank 5273:Free clinic 5107:Public land 5057:Common good 4697:www.who.int 4197:15 February 4162:"East Asia" 2984:Luxembourg 2039:Labour Laws 1920:, provided 1905:Factory Act 1467:Gladstonian 1427:Switzerland 1412:South Korea 1355:Philippines 1315:New Zealand 1310:Netherlands 967:Verhofstadt 962:Balcerowicz 771:Politicians 699:Collingwood 639:Tocqueville 514:Montesquieu 406:Rule of law 207:Due process 7152:Liberalism 7106:Categories 7035:Humanities 6969:historical 6902:psychology 6874:Management 6716:demography 6674:Psychology 6657:philosophy 6618:public law 6549:integrated 6257:Indonesian 6202:Australian 5955:Management 5950:Leadership 5820:Regulation 5761:Technology 5625:Investment 5618:Industrial 5471:Public use 5353:Urban park 5293:Public art 5082:Public bad 4966:2021-06-02 4960:www.un.org 4932:2021-06-02 4908:2021-06-02 4884:2021-06-02 4857:2021-06-02 4702:2021-06-02 4649:2020-11-13 4608:2020-11-13 4389:2021-06-02 4344:: 77–107. 4311:2021-06-01 4237:1124357973 4115:2021-06-01 4083:2021-06-01 4022:2021-06-02 3974:2021-06-01 3925:References 3467:Lithuania 3316:Australia 2461:Australia 2054:Food banks 2028:Healthcare 2008:Kuomintang 1876:Protestant 1855:Recipients 1766:Volunteers 1749:, police, 1743:food banks 1595:Empiricism 1566:Democratic 1561:Capitalism 1472:Manchester 1305:Montenegro 1290:Luxembourg 1226:Venizelism 1156:Costa Rica 411:Secularism 244:Federalism 196:Principles 55:Liberalism 6913:Planning 6892:economics 6809:Education 6706:Sociology 6684:cognitive 6635:semiotics 6586:political 6544:technical 6529:Geography 6502:Economics 6287:Pakistani 6282:Norwegian 6247:Hong Kong 6192:Argentine 5903:Secondary 5747:Stem cell 5726:Knowledge 5654:Education 4852:Brookings 4812:2162-8254 4763:Max Roser 4570:2397-0642 4554:(1): 15. 4516:0003-1224 4502:(1): 22. 4472:0037-7732 4366:143805293 4358:0067-2378 3374:Slovakia 3072:Slovenia 2953:Portugal 2077:Legal aid 2067:Aged Care 2032:Education 1841:Red Cross 1610:Anarchist 1518:Venezuela 1494:Classical 1462:Cobdenism 1365:Cracovian 1320:Nicaragua 1285:Lithuania 1144:Hong Kong 1099:Australia 937:Roosevelt 907:Ståhlberg 902:Venizelos 857:Sarmiento 847:Gladstone 807:Lamartine 777:Jefferson 629:Martineau 579:De Gouges 564:Condorcet 549:Priestley 212:Democracy 184:Third Way 145:Christian 140:Religious 78:Classical 7054:Category 6922:regional 6917:land use 6752:business 6721:internet 6679:abnormal 6581:military 6571:economic 6561:cultural 6534:physical 6495:physical 6485:cultural 6272:Nepalese 6267:Japanese 6242:Guyanese 6222:Canadian 6197:Austrian 6187:American 6142:Socionom 5880:Concepts 5736:Military 5731:Language 5632:Monetary 5598:Economic 5579:Domestic 5574:Cultural 5495:Category 5429:See also 5050:Concepts 4830:30083416 4806:(4): 4. 4588:29202083 3861:See also 3841:pandemic 3838:COVID-19 3754:Children 3587:Ireland 3556:Iceland 3285:Estonia 3165:Hungary 2829:Germany 2767:Austria 2705:Denmark 2674:Finland 2643:Belgium 2581:Country 2436:Belgium 2336:Germany 2311:Denmark 2286:Finland 2172:Country 1913:13 to 18 1782:homeless 1600:Humanism 1573:Centrism 1523:Zimbabwe 1477:Whiggism 1437:Thailand 1402:Slovenia 1397:Slovakia 1372:Portugal 1345:Paraguay 1268:Liberism 1233:Honduras 1151:Colombia 1124:Bulgaria 917:Rathenau 892:Milyukov 812:Macaulay 782:Kołłątaj 754:Kymlicka 734:Friedman 679:Cassirer 669:Hobhouse 604:Constant 599:Humboldt 559:Beccaria 524:Rousseau 519:Voltaire 362:Property 325:Positive 320:Negative 276:Religion 254:Economic 227:Equality 150:Catholic 120:National 115:Muscular 93:Feminist 88:Cultural 47:a series 45:Part of 7066:Commons 6897:history 6887:science 6822:studies 6556:History 6468:Primary 6454:History 6449:Outline 6307:Ugandan 6297:Swedish 6262:Israeli 6217:British 6212:Belgian 5887:Primary 5741:Science 5716:Housing 5690:Foreign 5611:Incomes 5507:Commons 5436:Commons 4821:6075810 4579:5683608 4524:3088901 3618:Turkey 3494:Israel 3436:Latvia 3347:Canada 3103:Poland 2922:Greece 2860:Norway 2798:Sweden 2612:France 2411:France 2386:Canada 2236:Norway 2211:Sweden 2129:Poverty 2103:Impacts 1864:History 1513:Uruguay 1452:Ukraine 1442:Tunisia 1387:Senegal 1377:Romania 1325:Nigeria 1300:Moldova 1243:Iceland 1238:Hungary 1216:Germany 1211:Georgia 1201:Finland 1196:Estonia 1186:Ecuador 1181:Denmark 1176:Czechia 1161:Croatia 1114:Bolivia 1109:Belgium 1104:Austria 1094:Armenia 1089:Albania 957:Jenkins 952:Kennedy 942:Pearson 927:Einaudi 912:Gokhale 872:Itagaki 867:Naoroji 862:Mommsen 842:Lincoln 832:Mazzini 817:Kossuth 802:Broglie 797:Bolívar 792:Artigas 787:Madison 649:Spencer 634:Emerson 624:Bastiat 609:Ricardo 569:Bentham 509:Spinoza 466:History 367:Private 315:Liberty 249:Freedom 169:Secular 157:Islamic 135:Radical 72:Schools 6757:public 6699:social 6591:social 6490:social 6292:Polish 6252:Indian 6237:German 6232:French 5769:Social 5695:Health 5659:Energy 5604:Fiscal 5590:reform 5557:Fields 4828:  4818:  4810:  4665:Data. 4586:  4576:  4568:  4522:  4514:  4470:  4364:  4356:  4277:  4235:  4225:  4190:OECD. 4074:  4013:  3806:UNICEF 3676:Chile 3674:  3643:  3616:  3585:  3554:  3492:  3465:  3434:  3403:  3372:  3345:  3314:  3283:  3252:  3221:  3194:  3163:  3132:  3101:  3070:  3045:Japan 3043:  3013:  2982:  2951:  2920:  2891:Spain 2889:  2858:  2827:  2796:  2765:  2736:Italy 2734:  2703:  2672:  2641:  2610:  2536:Italy 2534:  2509:  2484:  2459:  2434:  2409:  2384:  2334:  2309:  2284:  2259:  2234:  2209:  2035:Police 1506:Modern 1447:Turkey 1432:Taiwan 1422:Sweden 1392:Serbia 1382:Russia 1360:Poland 1340:Panama 1335:Norway 1295:Mexico 1280:Latvia 1258:Israel 1221:Greece 1206:France 1171:Cyprus 1129:Canada 1119:Brazil 1079:Europe 977:Macron 922:Madero 887:Deakin 877:Levski 852:Cavour 837:Juárez 827:Cobden 759:Badawi 749:Nozick 729:Berlin 719:Popper 694:Keynes 689:Ortega 654:Arnold 614:Guizot 574:Korais 539:Turgot 499:Milton 379:Rights 372:Public 281:Speech 259:Market 232:Gender 179:Techno 174:Social 162:Jewish 98:Equity 6927:urban 6731:urban 6726:rural 6576:human 6539:human 6459:Index 6227:Dutch 5754:Space 5646:Trade 4725:(PDF) 4520:JSTOR 4362:S2CID 3796:Women 3679:10.9 3651:10.4 3648:11.1 3621:12.5 3602:12.6 3599:14.9 3596:22.4 3593:16.1 3590:14.4 3571:14.6 3568:15.9 3565:17.0 3562:15.2 3559:16.0 3540:16.3 3537:18.4 3534:18.4 3531:19.7 3528:16.0 3509:17.0 3506:16.3 3503:16.0 3500:16.1 3497:16.0 3470:16.2 3451:14.8 3448:12.2 3445:18.7 3442:14.5 3439:16.2 3420:18.4 3417:20.5 3414:22.1 3411:22.0 3408:16.7 3389:17.6 3386:15.8 3383:18.1 3380:18.6 3377:17.0 3350:17.3 3331:18.2 3328:16.7 3325:16.7 3322:19.1 3319:17.8 3300:13.8 3297:13.0 3294:18.3 3291:17.4 3288:18.4 3269:14.3 3266:15.6 3263:19.3 3260:19.3 3257:18.7 3238:18.0 3235:18.1 3232:19.8 3229:19.4 3226:18.7 3199:18.9 3180:20.1 3177:21.9 3174:23.0 3171:20.6 3168:19.4 3149:17.7 3146:19.4 3143:22.8 3140:21.5 3137:20.6 3118:20.2 3115:20.9 3112:20.6 3109:20.2 3106:21.1 3087:22.4 3084:21.4 3081:23.4 3078:22.8 3075:21.2 3048:21.9 3029:19.4 3026:20.0 3023:20.7 2999:18.6 2996:22.4 2993:22.9 2990:21.8 2987:22.4 2968:18.5 2965:22.3 2962:24.5 2959:24.1 2956:22.6 2937:18.4 2934:20.4 2931:23.8 2928:27.0 2925:23.5 2906:19.5 2903:20.4 2900:25.8 2897:24.6 2894:23.7 2875:20.4 2872:20.7 2869:21.9 2866:25.1 2863:25.0 2844:25.4 2841:26.3 2838:25.9 2835:25.3 2832:25.1 2813:26.8 2810:27.4 2807:26.3 2804:27.1 2801:26.1 2782:25.5 2779:25.9 2776:27.6 2773:27.8 2770:26.6 2751:22.6 2748:24.1 2745:27.6 2742:28.9 2739:15.9 2720:23.8 2717:25.2 2714:28.9 2711:28.7 2708:28.0 2689:22.6 2686:23.9 2683:27.4 2680:30.8 2677:28.7 2658:23.5 2655:25.3 2652:28.3 2649:29.0 2646:28.9 2627:27.5 2624:28.7 2621:30.7 2618:31.5 2615:31.2 2596:2000 2593:2005 2590:2010 2587:2016 2584:2019 2578:Rank 2545:19.7 2542:14.3 2539:30.7 2523:15.1 2520:17.2 2517:11.7 2514:21.0 2495:16.4 2489:16.8 2470:16.2 2467:11.9 2464:23.3 2445:19.5 2439:26.8 2420:21.8 2414:36.1 2398:11.9 2395:17.1 2389:22.5 2370:10.9 2364:12.5 2339:15.2 2320:17.4 2314:26.4 2295:12.4 2289:11.9 2273:11.5 2270:18.5 2264:22.1 2245:12.4 2220:14.8 2214:23.7 2022:Types 1632:Right 1417:Spain 1275:Japan 1263:Italy 1248:India 1191:Egypt 1139:China 1134:Chile 972:Obama 947:Ohlin 882:Kemal 739:Rawls 714:Hayek 704:Čapek 684:Mises 674:Croce 664:Weber 659:Acton 589:Staël 554:Paine 544:Burke 529:Smith 504:Locke 271:Press 264:Trade 237:Legal 105:Green 6995:List 5685:Food 5584:Drug 4826:PMID 4808:ISSN 4771:here 4746:help 4663:OECD 4630:help 4584:PMID 4566:ISSN 4512:ISSN 4468:ISSN 4354:ISSN 4275:ISBN 4233:OCLC 4223:ISBN 4199:2020 4072:ISBN 4011:ISBN 3747:OECD 3660:4.5 3657:6.1 3654:8.3 2548:9.1 2498:8.2 2492:8.7 2473:9.2 2448:4.1 2442:6.0 2423:6.1 2417:9.8 2392:6.5 2373:9.1 2367:3.8 2348:5.1 2345:9.7 2342:4.3 2323:4.8 2317:5.9 2298:3.1 2292:3.7 2267:7.3 2248:4.0 2242:1.7 2239:9.2 2223:4.8 2217:5.8 2118:OECD 2002:and 1846:The 1837:NGOs 1804:and 1627:Left 1350:Peru 1253:Iran 1166:Cuba 932:King 822:Deák 724:Aron 644:Mill 619:List 534:Kant 130:Ordo 6598:Law 5639:Tax 4816:PMC 4765:at 4671:doi 4574:PMC 4556:doi 4504:doi 4458:hdl 4450:doi 4346:doi 4267:doi 4170:doi 4064:doi 4003:doi 3783:of 3764:PPP 3737:, ' 3723:PPP 3665:36 3634:35 3607:34 3576:33 3545:32 3514:31 3483:30 3456:29 3425:28 3394:27 3363:26 3336:25 3305:24 3274:23 3243:22 3212:21 3185:20 3154:19 3123:18 3092:17 3061:16 3034:15 3018:30 3004:14 2973:13 2942:12 2911:11 2880:10 1874:of 1768:at 744:Sen 594:Say 125:Neo 7108:: 4958:. 4941:^ 4925:. 4903:80 4901:. 4877:. 4866:^ 4850:. 4838:^ 4824:. 4814:. 4802:. 4798:. 4778:^ 4737:: 4735:}} 4731:{{ 4711:^ 4695:. 4682:^ 4669:. 4621:: 4619:}} 4615:{{ 4582:. 4572:. 4564:. 4550:. 4546:. 4532:^ 4518:. 4510:. 4500:68 4498:. 4494:. 4480:^ 4466:. 4456:. 4446:77 4444:. 4440:. 4426:^ 4416:. 4398:^ 4382:. 4360:. 4352:. 4342:27 4340:. 4336:. 4320:^ 4304:. 4289:^ 4273:. 4265:. 4245:^ 4231:. 4207:^ 4182:^ 4168:. 4164:. 4124:^ 4108:. 4091:^ 4070:, 4058:, 4030:^ 4009:, 3997:, 3983:^ 3967:. 3932:^ 3843:. 3745:. 2849:9 2818:8 2787:7 2756:6 2725:5 2694:4 2663:3 2632:2 2601:1 2569:. 1882:. 1812:, 1800:, 1792:, 1745:, 1737:, 709:Hu 49:on 6430:e 6423:t 6416:v 5864:e 5857:t 5850:v 5542:e 5535:t 5528:v 5012:e 5005:t 4998:v 4969:. 4935:. 4911:. 4887:. 4860:. 4832:. 4804:7 4773:. 4748:) 4744:( 4705:. 4673:: 4652:. 4632:) 4628:( 4611:. 4590:. 4558:: 4552:2 4526:. 4506:: 4474:. 4460:: 4452:: 4418:7 4392:. 4368:. 4348:: 4314:. 4283:. 4269:: 4239:. 4201:. 4176:. 4172:: 4118:. 4066:: 4005:: 3977:. 3778:. 1843:. 1784:. 1708:e 1701:t 1694:v 38:. 20:)

Index

Social Services

Public Education
a series
Liberalism

Classical
Conservative
Cultural
Feminist
Equity
Green
Internationalist
Muscular
National
Neo
Ordo
Radical
Religious
Christian
Catholic
Islamic
Jewish
Secular
Social
Techno
Third Way
Consent of the governed
Due process
Democracy

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.