364:
At times, the issue even involves the government of Baden-Württemberg. After the city council
Donaueschingen intervened in 1981, for example, the Ministry of the Interior in Stuttgart announced that "the source of the Breg is not anymore displayed as the source of the Danube on ministerial maps. The land surveying office was instructed to act accordingly." However, the former minister for agriculture and forestry confirmed in a document addressed to Prof. Öhrlein in 1982: "Getting back to the issue regarding the source of the Danube, I can once again confirm that the so-called source of the Danube in Donaueschingen is certainly not the real source of the river Danube, if analysed with geographical and hydrological criteria. The river Breg can rightly be called the main stream of the Danube."
102:
starting point of a certain headwater were also of mythical significance. This is reflected in sacred springs and water sanctuaries, and in the worship of Naiads. The source of the mightiest river in the Roman Empire was no exception. The Danube river, emanating from the Abnoba mountains, was considered to be a river or spring goddess. In contrast to the more mythical role, the hydrological significance of the source of the Danube is notably small; this is because a significant portion of the Danube's headwater is channelled into the
20:
31:
552:
322:
The relief depicts animals and heads, which can be interpreted as symbols for Gods. Today, a copy of it can be found at the source of the Danube and is often considered as a sainthood of the Source. Another assumption is that this stone was brought from the region of
Western Baar to the "Hirzbauernhof (farm)" because of the way it is shaped (like a deer: in German Hirsch/Hirz).
355:
In 1949 Franz
Burgert from Furtwangen argued for the spring near St. Martin's Church being the origin of the Breg, instead of the spring near Briglirain. This was also underpinned in the 1950s by the investigations of geologist Irma Öhrlein, which were later meticulously continued by Ludwig Öhrlein.
308:
Briglirain (also called Brücklerain) it is, because of length and drainage measurements from the 1950s, localized at the
Martinskapelle in Gewann today. This part of the river carries more water and has a bigger drainage but partly trickles away, especially in dry weather conditions, into the rubble
300:
in
Donaueschingen where it is unified with the Brigach." (German original: "Donau, der größte Fluß Deutschlands, entspringt bei der Martinskapelle in einer wilden und einsamen Gegend des Schwarzwaldes, heißt am Anfang Brege... und bildet erst in Donaueschingen, wo sie sich mit der Brigach vereinigt,
363:
For centuries, the two cities
Furtwangen and Donaueschingen competed for an official status which declares their own source as the official source of the Danube. The city Furtwangen is located along the upper river Breg, while the city Donaueschingen is located at the symbolic source of the Danube.
321:
In 1719, Vikar
Breuninger declared the source of Brigach, which flows into the Danube, as the source of the Danube at the convent of St. Georgen. During some renovation works in 1888/89 at the "Hirzbauernhof (farm)", a sandstone relief, presumptively of Celtic origin at around 100 A.D., was found.
159:
become the Danube after 1.5 km. The source is one of 22 sources in the area of the junction of
Brigach and Berg. All of these sources are fed by both water which trickles away above them and rainfall which trickles away on the karstified downs of a landscape called Baar. Together, the Brigach
101:
build the backbone of this type of drainage system and with that the source of the entire river. The main point or backbone of a river is sometimes defined by further features such as length, drainage area or steady flow direction. For a long time, unique springs which differed in size or the
73:). Hydrologically, the source of the Danube is the source of the Breg as the larger of the two formative streams (with its spring at a higher altitude and - at the confluence - not only being 5 km longer but also having a higher amount of water discharge) which rises near
179:
from 1538 shows the
Donaubach spring as a rectangular pool; in 1875, the spring was modelled into a round pool after Adolf Weinbrenner's design. In 1895 the artist Adolf Heer created a group of statues above the pool, depicting "the mother
80:
There was an active rivalry between the municipalities of
Furtwangen and Donaueschingen for the claim of being home to the "official" source of the Danube since the 1950s, sometimes with the involvement of the government of the state of
329:
as the source of the Danube. In a hydrological aspect, the Inn in combination with the Flaz can be indeed considered as part of the Danube main strand, although it might be due to the slightly higher average water
318:
The source of Juniperus (German: Juniperusquelle), which is located in the city district Allmendshofen in Donaueschingen, has been called the source of the Danube as well.
304:
The identification of the main spring in the uppermost Bregtal (also called Katzensteig) is dependent on a defining convention: Instead of localizing the main spring in
97:
The waters of rivers collect in a barely comprehensible number of headwaters, which gradually merge. The numerous merger points of each greater upstream
292:(Universal Lexicon of the Grand Duchy of Baden): "Danube, the biggest river of Germany, rises at the Martinskapelle in a wild and lonely area of the
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309:
at the bottom of the valley. This is no concern for the choice of this part of the river but for the height of the spring as a perennial outflow.
422:
385:
85:. Thus, in 1981 the state government granted Donaueschingen the request that the source in Furtwangen should no longer be labelled
876:
305:
184:" showing her "daughter", the young Danube, the way. The supposed source of the Danube is a popular tourist attraction.
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347:
in the region of Donaueschingen. The river flows on from there into the delta of the Black Sea, after 2811 km.
223:
reasons longer and has a bigger water flow than the Brigach which is why its spring is the main origin of the upper
473:
871:
820:
175:), in which the river was located in the fringes of the populated areas. The oldest cartographic depiction by
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in his Weltchronik from 1493), but several hints suggest that this might have been true even in Roman times (
825:
902:
74:
325:
Because of its high location, the Swiss natural scientist Schleuchzer declared the source of the
551:
163:
The Donaubach spring was considered the source of the Danube since the 15th century at least (
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496:
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82:
8:
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The question of what is the spring of the Danube also interested the oceanographer
164:
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The river Danube properly begins with the confluence of the two headwater streams
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897:
459:
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rises on the castle grounds near the left corner of the front face of the castle
111:
360:, who in 1987 filmed a documentary about the Danube around St. Martin's Church.
779:
709:
636:
144:
54:
891:
799:
764:
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651:
437:
424:
181:
30:
861:
841:
749:
689:
403:
344:
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is conventionally taken to be formed by the confluence of the two streams
151:. This karst spring has an embankment of 15 to 70 L/s and enters into the
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As early as 1847 the following definition can already be found in the
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227:. The dominance of the Breg is established by the following data:
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46:
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601:
666:
661:
656:
591:
581:
482:
297:
224:
196:
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42:
714:
784:
754:
734:
729:
684:
631:
451:
123:
103:
98:
804:
774:
739:
719:
699:
586:
380:
Quellensammlung des Fürstenberg-Gymnasiums Donaueschingen:
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after flowing 90 meters belowground. The Brigach and the
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114:). Consequently, it dries up for most of the year. Near
350:
296:, is called Brege at its origin and forms the river
211:is situated in the north of Furtwangen next to the
334:
215:near the Kolmenhof (restaurant). The Breg is for
160:and the Breg empty out between 400 and 1000 L/s.
126:flows into the Danube as one of its tributaries.
889:
312:
187:Similar springs on tributary rivers include the
61:, which flows into the Danube, in the park of
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290:Universallexikon des Großherzogtums Baden
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29:
18:
890:
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202:
393:, 2010, retrieved 30 December 2012.
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13:
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351:Research and political importance
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404:"Donaueschingen.de: Donauquelle"
872:List of crossings of the Danube
481:
396:
374:
335:Confluence of Brigach and Breg
1:
867:List of islands in the Danube
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313:Further Sources of the Danube
191:spring, the Enzbrunnen, the
65:is often referred to as the
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10:
919:
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248:
834:
813:
675:
559:
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207:The spring of the river
821:Rhine–Main–Danube Canal
106:, both above and below
826:Danube–Black Sea Canal
122:, the more water-rich
38:
27:
130:Sources of the Danube
93:Meaning of the Danube
63:Donaueschingen Palace
33:
22:
877:Internationalization
67:source of the Danube
57:. The source of the
434: /
213:St. Martin's Church
438:48.0951°N 8.1549°E
388:2017-03-30 at the
203:Origin of the Breg
173:Naturalis Historia
89:in official maps.
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177:Sebastian Münster
83:Baden-Württemberg
26:in Donaueschingen
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903:River morphology
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358:Jacques Cousteau
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165:Hartmann Schedel
135:Donaubach spring
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443:48.0951; 8.1549
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390:Wayback Machine
383:Zur Donauquelle
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238:Drainage basin
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195:spring and the
169:Pliny the Elder
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112:Danube Sinkhole
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37:near Furtwangen
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276:291.2 km
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244:Spring height
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145:Donaueschingen
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118:, in terms of
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55:Donaueschingen
15:
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6:
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301:die Donau.")
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279:45.9 km
278:
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272:
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260:40.2 km
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53:just east of
52:
48:
44:
36:
32:
25:
21:
862:Danube Delta
851:
750:Great Morava
419:
407:. Retrieved
398:
381:
376:
362:
354:
338:
303:
294:Black Forest
289:
287:
268:
257:195 km
249:
221:hydrological
217:geographical
206:
186:
162:
149:karst spring
138:
96:
86:
79:
70:
66:
40:
34:
23:
16:River source
857:Danube Bend
745:Timiș/Tamiš
677:Tributaries
441: /
235:Water flow
87:Donauquelle
71:Donauquelle
35:Donauquelle
24:Donauquelle
892:Categories
735:Tisza/Tisa
725:Ipeľ/Ipoly
597:Bratislava
577:Regensburg
572:Ingolstadt
483:The Danube
426:48°05′42″N
409:2015-07-01
368:References
110:(see also
108:Tuttlingen
75:Furtwangen
627:Smederevo
490:Countries
429:8°09′18″E
273:5.95 m/s
254:3.37 m/s
141:Donaubach
120:hydrology
59:Donaubach
835:See also
795:Ialomița
622:Belgrade
617:Novi Sad
607:Budapest
527:Bulgaria
507:Slovakia
386:Archived
199:spring.
847:Brigach
612:Vukovar
542:Ukraine
537:Moldova
532:Romania
517:Croatia
512:Hungary
502:Austria
497:Germany
341:Brigach
282:1078 m
250:Brigach
241:Length
193:Pegnitz
153:Brigach
47:Brigach
898:Danube
852:Source
814:Canals
780:Yantra
710:Morava
667:Tulcea
662:Kiliia
657:Izmail
647:Galați
642:Brăila
592:Vienna
582:Passau
560:Cities
522:Serbia
306:Gewann
298:Danube
263:940 m
225:Danube
197:Berkel
189:Neckar
43:Danube
800:Siret
790:Argeș
785:Vedea
765:Iskar
755:Timok
730:Drava
695:Regen
685:Iller
632:Vidin
330:flow.
147:in a
124:Iller
104:Rhine
99:river
842:Breg
805:Prut
775:Osam
740:Sava
720:Hron
700:Isar
690:Lech
652:Reni
637:Ruse
602:Győr
587:Linz
345:Breg
343:and
269:Breg
219:and
209:Breg
182:Baar
157:Breg
139:The
51:Breg
49:and
41:The
770:Olt
760:Jiu
715:Váh
705:Inn
567:Ulm
327:Inn
171:in
116:Ulm
894::
77:.
475:e
468:t
461:v
412:.
69:(
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