961:, the July ITCZ, the zone of rainfall maximum, migrated northwards, increasing precipitation over southern China during the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) while making Indochina drier. During the Late Miocene Global Cooling (LMCG), from 7.9 to 5.8 million years ago, the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM) became stronger as the subarctic front shifted southwards. An abrupt intensification of the EAWM occurred 5.5 million years ago. The EAWM was still significantly weaker relative to today between 4.3 and 3.8 million years ago but abruptly became more intense around 3.8 million years ago as crustal stretching widened the Tsushima Strait and enabled greater inflow of the warm Tsushima Current into the Sea of Japan. Circa 3.0 million years ago, the EAWM became more stable, having previously been more variable and inconsistent, in addition to being enhanced further amidst a period of global cooling and sea level fall. The EASM was weaker during cold intervals of glacial periods such as the
973:. The EASM expanded its influence deeper into the interior of Asia as sea levels rose following the LGM; it also underwent a period of intensification during the Middle Holocene, around 6,000 years ago, due to orbital forcing made more intense by the fact that the Sahara at the time was much more vegetated and emitted less dust. This Middle Holocene interval of maximum EASM was associated with an expansion of temperate deciduous forest steppe and temperate mixed forest steppe in northern China. By around 5,000 to 4,500 BP, the East Asian monsoon's strength began to wane, weakening from that point until the present day. A particularly notable weakening took place ~3,000 BP. The location of the EASM shifted multiple times over the course of the Holocene: first, it moved southward between 12,000 and 8,000 BP, followed by an expansion to the north between approximately 8,000 and 4,000 BP, and most recently retreated southward once more between 4,000 and 0 BP.
2112:
2120:
63:
1832:
2027:
2003:
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1630:
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704:
51:
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1994:
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2288:) is the result of a resurgence of westerly winds from the Atlantic, where they become loaded with wind and rain. These westerly winds are a common phenomenon during the European winter, but they ease as spring approaches in late March and through April and May. The winds pick up again in June, which is why this phenomenon is also referred to as "the return of the westerlies".
1092:
according to the landâsea heating contrast and it is thought that the northern extent of the monsoon in South Asia is influenced by the high
Tibetan Plateau. These temperature imbalances happen because oceans and land absorb heat in different ways. Over oceans, the air temperature remains relatively stable for two reasons: water has a relatively high
1703:
3956:
1091:
caused by higher temperature over land than in the ocean. This is no longer considered as the cause and the monsoon is now considered a planetary-scale phenomenon involving the annual migration of the
Intertropical Convergence Zone between its northern and southern limits. The limits of the ITCZ vary
944:
closed. When this happened, cold waters in the
Pacific were impeded from flowing into the Indian Ocean. It is believed that the resulting increase in sea surface temperatures in the Indian Ocean increased the intensity of monsoons. In 2018, a study of the SAM's variability over the past million years
1132:
In the colder months, the cycle is reversed. Then the land cools faster than the oceans and the air over the land has higher pressure than air over the ocean. This causes the air over the land to flow to the ocean. When humid air rises over the ocean, it cools, and this causes precipitation over the
1004:
generally warms the Indian Ocean. Thus these five intervals could probably be those of considerable lowering of SST in the Indian Ocean and would have influenced Indian monsoon intensity. During the weak LC, there is the possibility of reduced intensity of the Indian winter monsoon and strong summer
2291:
The rain usually arrives in two waves, at the beginning of June, and again in mid- to late June. The
European monsoon is not a monsoon in the traditional sense in that it doesn't meet all the requirements to be classified as such. Instead, the return of the westerlies is more regarded as a conveyor
953:
periods like the present day. The Indian Summer
Monsoon (ISM) underwent several intensifications during the warming following the Last Glacial Maximum, specifically during the time intervals corresponding to 16,100â14,600 BP, 13,600â13,000 BP, and 12,400â10,400 BP as indicated by vegetation changes
2261:
and northern
Australia (December, January). However, the monsoon is not a simple response to heating but a more complex interaction of topography, wind and sea, as demonstrated by its abrupt rather than gradual withdrawal from the region. The Australian monsoon (the "Wet") occurs in the southern
1136:
Most summer monsoons have a dominant westerly component and a strong tendency to ascend and produce copious amounts of rain (because of the condensation of water vapor in the rising air). The intensity and duration, however, are not uniform from year to year. Winter monsoons, by contrast, have a
1843:
and adjoining areas of the northern and central Indian subcontinent heat up considerably during the hot summers. This causes a low pressure area over the northern and central Indian subcontinent. To fill this void, the moisture-laden winds from the Indian Ocean rush into the subcontinent. These
2037:
Around
September, with the sun retreating south, the northern landmass of the Indian subcontinent begins to cool off rapidly, and air pressure begins to build over northern India. The Indian Ocean and its surrounding atmosphere still hold their heat, causing cold wind to sweep down from the
1104:
will equilibrate a hot or cold surface with deeper water (up to 50 metres). In contrast, dirt, sand, and rocks have lower heat capacities (0.19 to 0.35 J g K), and they can only transmit heat into the earth by conduction and not by convection. Therefore, bodies of water stay at a more even
2213:
topography towards
Australia. This forms a cyclonic circulation vortex over Borneo, which together with descending cold surges of winter air from higher latitudes, cause significant weather phenomena in the region. Examples are the formation of a rare low-latitude tropical storm in 2001,
1945:
The monsoon is widely welcomed and appreciated by city-dwellers as well, for it provides relief from the climax of summer heat in June. However, the roads take a battering every year. Often houses and streets are waterlogged and slums are flooded despite drainage systems. A lack of city
1140:
Similar rainfall is caused when moist ocean air is lifted upwards by mountains, surface heating, convergence at the surface, divergence aloft, or from storm-produced outflows at the surface. However the lifting occurs, the air cools due to expansion in lower pressure, and this produces
1069:
1068:
1073:
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in the
Tibetan Plateau displaying increases in humidity brought by an intensifying ISM. Though the ISM was relatively weak for much of the Late Holocene, significant glacial accumulation in the Himalayas still occurred due to cold temperatures brought by westerlies from the west.
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1074:
2162:
The onset of the summer monsoon is marked by a period of premonsoonal rain over South China and Taiwan in early May. From May through August, the summer monsoon shifts through a series of dry and rainy phases as the rain belt moves northward, beginning over
1116:
to blow from the ocean to the land, bringing moist air inland. This moist air rises to a higher altitude over land and then it flows back toward the ocean (thus completing the cycle). However, when the air rises, and while it is still over the land, the air
2147:. It is characterised by a warm, rainy summer monsoon and a cold, dry winter monsoon. The rain occurs in a concentrated belt that stretches eastâwest except in East China where it is tilted east-northeast over Korea and Japan. The seasonal rain is known as
1766:
of
Southern California, but rarely reaches the coastal strip (a wall of desert thunderstorms only a half-hour's drive away is a common summer sight from the sunny skies along the coast during the monsoon). The North American monsoon is known to many as the
1070:
1704:
1706:
1807:
The Asian monsoons may be classified into a few sub-systems, such as the Indian Subcontinental Monsoon which affects the Indian subcontinent and surrounding regions including Nepal, and the East Asian Monsoon which affects southern China,
4257:
Although the North American monsoon region experiences pronounced precipitation seasonally, it differs from a true monsoon, which is characterized by a distinct seasonal reversal of prevailing surface winds. No such situation occurs in
1013:, Western Pacific Warm Pool, Indonesian Throughflow, wind pattern off western Australia, and ice volume expansion and contraction can be obtained by studying the behaviour of the LC during Quaternary at close stratigraphic intervals.
2292:
belt that delivers a series of low-pressure centres to Western Europe where they create unsettled weather. These storms generally feature significantly lower-than-average temperatures, fierce rain or hail, thunder, and strong winds.
1929:
The monsoon accounts for nearly 80% of the rainfall in India. Indian agriculture (which accounts for 25% of the GDP and employs 70% of the population) is heavily dependent on the rains, for growing crops especially like
1925:
at a rate of roughly 1â2 weeks per state, pouring rain all along its way. June 1 is regarded as the date of onset of the monsoon in India, as indicated by the arrival of the monsoon in the southernmost state of Kerala.
1707:
1652:
and the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. The ITCZ migrates northward from the equatorial Atlantic in February, reaches western Africa on or near June 22, then moves back to the south by October. The dry, northeasterly
965:(LGM) and stronger during interglacials and warm intervals of glacial periods. Another EAWM intensification event occurred 2.6 million years ago, followed by yet another one around 1.0 million years ago. During
3696:
D. K. Sinha; A. K. Singh & M. Tiwari (2006-05-25). "Palaeoceanographic and palaeoclimatic history of ODP site 763A (Exmouth Plateau), South-east Indian Ocean: 2.2 Ma record of planktic foraminifera".
1890:) with precipitation on coastal areas, west of the Western Ghats. The eastern areas of the Western Ghats do not receive much rain from this monsoon as the wind does not cross the Western Ghats.
1108:
During warmer months sunlight heats the surfaces of both land and oceans, but land temperatures rise more quickly. As the land's surface becomes warmer, the air above it expands and an area of
1067:
1855:
The southwest monsoon is generally expected to begin around the beginning of June and fade away by the end of September. The moisture-laden winds on reaching the southernmost point of the
2504:
Zhisheng, An; Kutzbach, John E.; Prell, Warren L.; Porter, Stephen C. (2001). "Evolution of Asian monsoons and phased uplift of the HimalayaâTibetan plateau since Late Miocene times".
937:
interglacial, suggests that they had an average duration of around 64 years, with the minimum duration being around 50 years and the maximum approximately 80 years, similar to today.
1021:
The South American summer monsoon (SASM) is known to have become weakened during DansgaardâOeschger events. The SASM has been suggested to have been enhanced during Heinrich events.
2209:
and the movement of the heating maxima from the Northern Hemisphere to the Southern Hemisphere. North-easterly winds flow down Southeast Asia, are turned north-westerly/westerly by
3097:"Fluctuations in the East Asian monsoon recorded by pollen assemblages in sediments from the Japan Sea off the southwestern coast of Hokkaido, Japan, from 4.3 Ma to the present"
1977:
falls during the three summer months, when the region is under the monsoon influence; about 70% of that is directly of "cyclonic" (i.e., monsoon-driven) origin (as opposed to "
3584:
Cheng, Bei; Liu, Jianbao; Chen, Shengqian; Zhang, Zhiping; Shen, Zhongwei; Yan, Xinwei; Li, Fanyi; Chen, Guangjie; Zhang, Xiaosen; Wang, Xin; Chen, Jianhui (5 February 2020).
1705:
940:
A study of marine plankton suggested that the South Asian Monsoon (SAM) strengthened around 5 million years ago. Then, during ice periods, the sea level fell and the
3982:
2356:
981:
The January ITCZ migrated further south to its present location during the Middle Miocene, strengthening the summer monsoon of Australia that had previously been weaker.
913:
of China, many geologists believe the monsoon first became strong around 8 million years ago. More recently, studies of plant fossils in China and new long-duration
1882:, India, thus making this area the first state in India to receive rain from the Southwest Monsoon. This branch of the monsoon moves northwards along the Western Ghats (
4330:
2389:
2077:
in this region splits into the southern subtropical jet and the polar jet. The subtropical flow directs northeasterly winds to blow across southern Asia, creating dry
921:
led to a timing of the monsoon beginning 15â20 million years ago and linked to early Tibetan uplift. Testing of this hypothesis awaits deep ocean sampling by the
1726:) occurs from late June or early July into September, originating over Mexico and spreading into the southwest United States by mid-July. It affects Mexico along the
1848:. The Himalayas act like a high wall, blocking the winds from passing into Central Asia, and forcing them to rise. As the clouds rise, their temperature drops, and
4047:
2600:"Initiation of Northern Hemisphere glaciation and strengthening of the northeast Indian monsoon: Ocean Drilling Program Site 758, eastern equatorial Indian Ocean"
1942:
and coarse grains. A delay of a few days in the arrival of the monsoon can badly affect the economy, as evidenced in the numerous droughts in India in the 1990s.
797:
of a seasonally changing pattern, although technically there is also a dry phase. The term is also sometimes used to describe locally heavy but short-term rains.
2987:"Weakened pacific overturning circulation, winter monsoon dominance and tectonism re-organized Japan Sea paleoceanography during the Late Miocene global cooling"
3204:"Palynological study of paleoclimate and paleoceanographic changes in the Eastern South Korea Plateau, East Sea, during the Plio-Pleistocene climate transition"
1112:
develops. Meanwhile, the ocean remains at a lower temperature than the land, and the air above it retains a higher pressure. This difference in pressure causes
2581:
1962:, also frequently experience heavy floods during this season. Recently, areas in India that used to receive scanty rainfall throughout the year, like the
3370:"Reconstructed moisture evolution of the deserts in northern China since the Last Glacial Maximum and its implications for the East Asian Summer Monsoon"
1946:
infrastructure coupled with changing climate patterns causes severe economic loss including damage to property and loss of lives, as evidenced in the
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3534:
3478:
3208:
2935:
2648:
1009:
due to reduction in net heat input to the Indian Ocean through the Indonesian Throughflow. Thus a better understanding of the possible links between
4073:
1921:, India, is one of the wettest places on Earth. After the arrival at the Eastern Himalayas, the winds turns towards the west, travelling over the
4482:
4379:
Blumer, Felix P. (1998). "Investigations of the precipitation conditions in the central part of the Tianshan mountains". In Kovar, Karel (ed.).
4018:
4674:
3859:
3834:
4579:
2642:
Wang, Zhenjun; Chen, Shitao; Wang, Yongjin; Cheng, Hai; Liang, Yijia; Yang, Shaohua; Zhang, Zhenqiu; Zhou, Xueqin; Wang, Meng (1 March 2020).
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and Japan (June) and finally to northern China and Korea (July). When the monsoon ends in August, the rain belt moves back to southern China.
4619:
4515:
2421:
4211:
4159:
3936:
2558:
4557:
4244:
2065:, which get less rain from the Southwest Monsoon, receive rain from this Monsoon. About 50% to 60% of the rain received by the state of
1078:
This visualization shows the Asian monsoon and how it develops using observational and modeled data. It also shows some of the impacts.
643:
2931:"Paleoclimatic evolution of the SW and NE South China Sea and its relationship with spectral reflectance data over various age scales"
2814:
Ma, Qingfeng; Zhu, Liping; LĂŒ, Xinmiao; Wang, Junbo; Ju, Jianting; Kasper, Thomas; Daut, Gerhard; Haberzettl, Torsten (March 2019).
2644:"Sixty-year quasi-period of the Asian monsoon around the Last Interglacial derived from an annually resolved stalagmite ÎŽ18O record"
3953:
3916:
3892:
3049:"An astronomically tuned 8.1 Ma eolian record from the Chinese Loess Plateau and its implication on the evolution of Asian monsoon"
1981:"). The effects also extend westwards to the Mediterranean, where however the impact of the monsoon is to induce drought via the
4456:
2069:
is from the Northeast Monsoon. In Southern Asia, the northeastern monsoons take place from October to December when the surface
4137:
3990:
2374:
2352:
2011:
Extreme difference is very much evident between wet and dry seasons in tropical seasonal forest. The image at left is taken at
4492:
4393:
4314:
3968:
2700:"Ocean circulation in the tropical Indo-Pacific during early Pliocene (5.6â4.2 Ma): Paleobiogeographic and isotopic evidence"
4338:
2397:
2111:
3528:
Chen, Xu; McGowan, Suzanne; Xiao, Xiayun; Stevenson, Mark A.; Yang, Xiangdong; Li, Yanling; Zhang, Enlou (1 August 2018).
3143:
Gallagher, Stephen J.; Kitamura, Akihisa; Iryu, Yasufumi; Itaki, Takuya; Koizumi, Itaru; Hoiles, Peter W. (27 June 2015).
992:(PL-1), 1.83 Ma (PL-2), 0.68 Ma (PL-3), 0.45 Ma (PL-4) and 0.04 Ma (PL-5) were identified which showed a weakening of the
4764:
3642:"East Asian summer monsoon and topography co-determine the Holocene migration of forest-steppe ecotone in northern China"
3530:"Direct and indirect effects of Holocene climate variations on catchment and lake processes of a treeline lake, SW China"
633:
4759:
4190:
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4238:
4044:
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17:
2295:
The return of the westerlies affects Europe's Northern Atlantic coastline, more precisely Ireland, Great Britain, the
4877:
4754:
4739:
4724:
2574:
922:
732:
3260:"Paleoceanographic changes in the East China Sea during the last ~400 kyr reconstructed using planktic foraminifera"
2870:
Peng, Xu; Chen, Yixin; Li, Yingkui; Liu, Beibei; Liu, Qing; Yang, Weilin; Cui, Zhijiu; Liu, Gengnian (April 2020).
793:(ITCZ) between its limits to the north and south of the equator. Usually, the term monsoon is used to refer to the
620:
2578:
3986:
3590:
3053:
2393:
2628:
3474:"Pollen reconstruction and vegetation dynamics of the middle Holocene maximum summer monsoon in northern China"
1662:
1645:
790:
5070:
4779:
4660:
941:
518:
4744:
3323:
2816:"Late glacial and Holocene vegetation and climate variations at Lake Tangra Yumco, central Tibetan Plateau"
966:
3641:
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Wang, Wei; Liu, Lina; Li, Yanyan; Niu, Zhimei; He, Jiang; Ma, Yuzhen; Mensing, Scott A. (15 August 2019).
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3374:
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3101:
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816:
4824:
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2755:
Gebregiorgis, D.; Hathorne, E. C.; Giosan, L.; Clemens, S.; NĂŒrnberg, D.; Frank, M. (8 November 2018).
2556:
An Erosional Record of the Tibetan Plateau Uplift and Monsoon Strengthening in the Asian Marginal Seas.
2194:
1101:
680:
3586:"Impact of Abrupt Late Holocene Monsoon Climate Change on the Status of an Alpine Lake in North China"
1799:
and South American weather patterns with incomplete wind reversal should be counted as true monsoons.
5040:
4799:
4014:
1982:
1712:
685:
3863:
3838:
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Liu, Chang; Clift, Peter D.; Giosan, Liviu; Miao, Yunfa; Warny, Sophie; Wan, Shiming (1 July 2019).
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4719:
4587:
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Li, Qin; Wu, Haibin; Yu, Yanyan; Sun, Aizhi; MarkoviÄ, Slobodan B.; Guo, Zhengtang (October 2014).
3048:
2317:
1849:
1118:
31:
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2119:
5014:
4814:
2757:"Southern Hemisphere forcing of South Asian monsoon precipitation over the past ~1 million years"
2418:
1947:
1727:
997:
933:
ice ages. A study of Asian monsoonal climate cycles from 123,200 to 121,210 years BP, during the
675:
62:
4207:
4549:
4163:
3933:
2699:
2555:
1796:
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1001:
809:
544:
4304:
4228:
3145:"The Pliocene to recent history of the Kuroshio and Tsushima Currents: a multi-proxy approach"
2201:
The rainy season occurs from September to February and it is a major source of energy for the
1852:. Some areas of the subcontinent receive up to 10,000 mm (390 in) of rain annually.
1831:
4870:
4709:
4704:
4287:
2761:
2308:
2053:
While travelling towards the Indian Ocean, the cold dry wind picks up some moisture from the
1821:
925:. The monsoon has varied significantly in strength since this time, largely linked to global
725:
539:
297:
221:
969:, the EASM grew in strength, but it has been suggested to have decreased in strength during
4647:
4422:
4015:"Southwest Monsoon 2017 Forecast: Warmer-Than-Average Conditions Could Lead to More Storms"
3792:
3655:
3640:
Cheng, Ying; Liu, Hongyan; Dong, Zhibao; Duan, Keqin; Wang, Hongya; Han, Yue (April 2020).
3599:
3543:
3487:
3431:
3416:
Piao, Jinling; Chen, Wen; Wang, Lin; Pausata, Francesco S.R.; Zhang, Qiong (January 2020).
3383:
3332:
3273:
3258:
Vats, Nishant; Mishra, Sibasish; Singh, Raj K.; Gupta, Anil K.; Pandey, D. K. (June 2020).
3217:
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2711:
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2616:
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2215:
2070:
2026:
2012:
962:
657:
255:
42:
4632:
2015:
in central Bangladesh during dry season, and the right one is taken in wet monsoon season.
8:
4784:
4774:
4683:
2093:
and winds are directed toward Australia. In the Philippines, northeast monsoon is called
2043:
1922:
1856:
1137:
dominant easterly component and a strong tendency to diverge, subside and cause drought.
1006:
902:
786:
652:
549:
488:
314:
4426:
3913:
3884:
3796:
3659:
3603:
3547:
3491:
3435:
3387:
3336:
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3221:
3160:
3114:
3066:
3004:
2948:
2889:
2833:
2774:
2715:
2661:
2620:
2517:
4714:
3816:
3706:
3671:
3615:
3559:
3503:
3447:
3350:
3289:
3233:
3184:
3095:
Igarashi, Yaeko; Irino, Tomohisa; Sawada, Ken; Song, Lu; Furota, Satoshi (April 2018).
3021:
2991:
2986:
2960:
2901:
2845:
2791:
2756:
2737:
2673:
2537:
2266:. Over three-quarters of annual rainfall in Northern Australia falls during this time.
2263:
2219:
2202:
2184:
2106:
2002:
1711:
Three-second video of a lightning strike within a thunderstorm over Island in the Sky,
1691:
1641:
805:
324:
302:
209:
170:
3317:
Ahn, Jinho; Brooks, Edward J.; Schmittner, Andreas; Kreutz, Karl (28 September 2012).
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4438:
4389:
4310:
4234:
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3619:
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3293:
3237:
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2905:
2849:
2796:
2741:
2729:
2677:
2607:
2529:
2461:
2275:
1763:
1759:
1122:
1097:
1029:
945:
found that precipitation resulting from the monsoon was significantly reduced during
781:) is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in
554:
4382:
Hydrology, water resources and ecology in headwaters. Volume 248 of IAHS publication
4133:
3820:
3667:
3443:
3395:
3354:
3285:
3202:
Kim, Yongmi; Yi, Sangheon; Kim, Gil-Young; Lee, Eunmi; Kong, Sujin (15 April 2019).
3122:
2897:
2841:
2370:
789:
circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal oscillation of the
4976:
4947:
4863:
4430:
4380:
3800:
3783:
Chou, C. (2003). "Land-sea heating contrast in an idealized Asian summer monsoon".
3755:
3663:
3607:
3551:
3495:
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3340:
3281:
3225:
3174:
3164:
3118:
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3016:
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2952:
2893:
2837:
2786:
2778:
2719:
2665:
2624:
2541:
2521:
2451:
1966:, have surprisingly ended up receiving floods due to the prolonged monsoon season.
1696:
1629:
1043:
752:
718:
432:
319:
231:
74:
4930:
2081:
which produce clear skies over India. Meanwhile, a low pressure system known as a
1835:
Onset dates and prevailing wind currents of the southwest summer monsoons in India
905:
and Asia around 50 million years ago. Because of studies of records from the
703:
4902:
4804:
4366:
4215:
4194:
4051:
3960:
3940:
3920:
3555:
3499:
3229:
2956:
2669:
2585:
2562:
2425:
2234:
2168:
2086:
1978:
1973:. It is estimated that about 70% of all precipitation in the central part of the
993:
918:
898:
625:
400:
103:
37:"Habagat" redirects here. For the Philippine Merchant Marine Academy vessel RPLS
4331:"Why India's Twin Monsoons Are Critical To Its Well-Being | The Weather Channel"
4303:
Ahmad, Latief; Kanth, Raihana Habib; Parvaze, Sabah; Mahdi, Syed Sheraz (2017).
50:
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3012:
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2341:. International Geophysics Series. Vol. 15. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
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2047:
2031:
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926:
708:
615:
449:
4045:
Monsoon in West Africa: Classic continuity hides a dual-cycle rainfall regime.
3804:
3760:
3743:
3724:
3418:"Northward extension of the East Asian summer monsoon during the mid-Holocene"
3169:
3144:
2599:
819:
and neighboring countries to refer to the big seasonal winds blowing from the
5065:
5055:
5029:
4749:
4729:
4538:
Visser, S.W. (1953). Some remarks on the European monsoon. BirkhÀuser: Basel.
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420:
307:
4642:
4359:
3047:
Han, Wenxia; Fang, Xiaomin; Berger, André; Yin, Qiuzhen (22 December 2011).
2704:
Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences - Earth and Planetary Sciences
1665:
and resultant southerly, rain-bearing winds during the summer. The semiarid
4829:
4434:
4410:
3030:
2800:
2533:
2189:
1905:, picking up more moisture from the Bay of Bengal. The winds arrive at the
1142:
950:
461:
385:
216:
3914:
CHAPTER 8: Introduction to the Hydrosphere (e). Cloud Formation Processes.
1969:
The influence of the Southwest Monsoon is felt as far north as in China's
1133:
oceans. (The cool air then flows towards the land to complete the cycle.)
4839:
3611:
3345:
3318:
3074:
2246:
2136:
2090:
2050:
peninsula. This is known as the Northeast Monsoon or Retreating Monsoon.
1963:
1959:
1914:
1840:
1654:
1129:
over the land. This is why summer monsoons cause so much rain over land.
1109:
930:
906:
839:
824:
610:
498:
493:
456:
405:
336:
282:
238:
226:
175:
4388:. International Association of Hydrological Sciences. pp. 343â350.
3710:
2353:"Welcome to Monsoon Season â Why You Probably Are Using This Term Wrong"
1839:
The southwestern summer monsoons occur from June through September. The
1648:
and the great seasonal temperature and humidity differences between the
897:
Strengthening of the Asian monsoon has been linked to the uplift of the
5005:
4997:
4981:
4960:
4955:
4734:
4652:
3179:
2724:
2479:
2258:
2078:
2074:
2066:
1993:
1951:
1755:
1751:
1735:
1113:
1088:
985:
794:
605:
588:
530:
478:
341:
277:
272:
265:
192:
187:
145:
133:
1010:
4986:
2525:
2438:
Wang, Pinxian; Clemens, Steven; Tada, Ryuji; Murray, Richard (2019).
2226:
2164:
2132:
2058:
2039:
1974:
1918:
1910:
1845:
1658:
989:
855:
The etymology of the word monsoon is not wholly certain. The English
600:
595:
390:
380:
292:
260:
243:
204:
182:
138:
55:
4611:
Chang, C.P., Wang, Z., Hendon, H., 2006, The Asian Winter Monsoon.
2254:
2205:
during boreal winter. It is associated with the development of the
1970:
1939:
1906:
1747:
1467:
914:
828:
395:
2985:
Matsuzaki, Kenji M.; Ikeda, Masayuki; Tada, Ryuji (20 July 2022).
4769:
2754:
2296:
2238:
2230:
2144:
2062:
1731:
1634:
844:
561:
439:
427:
375:
329:
287:
250:
197:
126:
82:
801:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4886:
4834:
3695:
2242:
2210:
2140:
2094:
1931:
1902:
1883:
1879:
1809:
1739:
1649:
934:
866:
363:
351:
346:
113:
108:
98:
91:
4580:"'European Monsoon' to blame for cold and rainy start to June"
4480:
3725:"Sea breeze â definition of sea breeze by The Free Dictionary"
2872:"Late Holocene glacier fluctuations in the Bhutanese Himalaya"
1624:
30:
This article is about the seasonal winds. For other uses, see
2299:, western Germany, northern France and parts of Scandinavia.
1955:
1666:
770:
566:
503:
165:
158:
27:
Seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation
4637:
1859:, due to its topography, become divided into two parts: the
4618:
International Committee of the Third Workshop on Monsoons.
2629:
10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0047:IONHGA>2.0.CO;2
2503:
2417:
International Committee of the Third Workshop on Monsoons.
2250:
1935:
1743:
583:
483:
466:
444:
370:
54:
Advancing monsoon clouds and showers in Aralvaimozhy, near
4855:
3319:"Abrupt change in atmospheric CO2 during the last ice age"
3142:
1673:
depend upon this pattern for most of their precipitation.
996:(LC). The weakening of the LC would have an effect on the
758:
3316:
1887:
578:
3527:
2046:
towards the vast spans of the Indian Ocean south of the
1105:
temperature, while land temperatures are more variable.
3980:
3409:
3094:
3042:
3040:
2387:
2313:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
2159:
in Japan, with the latter two resembling frontal rain.
4302:
800:
The major monsoon systems of the world consist of the
4415:
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
2437:
1609:
Indo-Australian/Borneo-Australian/Australian monsoon
773:
767:
761:
66:
Monsoon clouds arriving at Port Blair, Andaman, India
4926:
4633:
National Weather Service: The North American Monsoon
3257:
3037:
2748:
1592:
Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina/East Asian monsoon
1575:
Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina/East Asian monsoon
1558:
Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina/East Asian monsoon
1541:
Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina/East Asian monsoon
1524:
Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina/East Asian monsoon
1507:
Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina/East Asian monsoon
880:, "season"), "perhaps partly via early modern Dutch
875:
4158:African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (AMMA).
3415:
764:
755:
4615:, Wang, B. (ed.), Praxis, Berlin, pp. 89â127.
4208:Lecture 17: 1. North American Monsoon System.
3744:"The monsoon system: Landâsea breeze or the ITCZ?"
2984:
2928:
3583:
3535:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
3479:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
3209:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
2936:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
2649:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
2641:
2419:The Global Monsoon System: Research and Forecast.
5027:
4620:The Global Monsoon System: Research and Forecast
4516:"Philippines' northeast monsoon season underway"
4487:. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 204.
4306:Experimental Agrometeorology: A Practical Manual
4009:
4007:
3639:
3633:
3046:
2057:and pours it over peninsular India and parts of
1198:North American/Gulf of California-Southwest USA
1181:North American/Gulf of California-Southwest USA
860:
785:but is now used to describe seasonal changes in
3465:
2697:
1844:winds, rich in moisture, are drawn towards the
1661:, are interrupted by the northern shift in the
1087:Monsoons were once considered as a large-scale
4408:
4233:. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 187.
4128:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4114:
3934:Global maps of Local LandâAtmosphere coupling.
3312:
3310:
3195:
2924:
2922:
2807:
2431:
2131:The East Asian monsoon affects large parts of
4871:
4820:PacificâNorth American teleconnection pattern
4668:
4550:"The Question: What is the European monsoon?"
4160:"Characteristics of the West African Monsoon"
4112:
4110:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4004:
2869:
2262:summer when the monsoon trough develops over
1787:as a large part of the affected area are the
726:
4409:Rodwell, Mark J.; Hoskins, Brian J. (1996).
4358:Official Web Site of District Sirsa, India.
4292:. EdPower21 Education Solutions. p. 28.
3932:Bart van den Hurk and Eleanor Blyth (2008).
3923:Physical Geography. Retrieved on 2009-01-01.
3471:
2635:
2554:P. D. Clift, M. K. Clark, and L. H. Royden.
1644:is the result of the seasonal shifts of the
1625:Africa (West African and Southeast African)
869:
4577:
4547:
4227:Rohli, Robert V.; Vega, Anthony J. (2011).
3307:
3201:
2919:
2813:
2597:
1795:. However, it is controversial whether the
4878:
4864:
4675:
4661:
4273:"The Future of the North American Monsoon"
4091:
733:
719:
4481:Robert V. Rohli; Anthony J. Vega (2007).
4226:
3759:
3367:
3344:
3178:
3168:
3020:
2790:
2723:
2455:
1913:, situated on the southern slopes of the
1783:monsoon. It is also sometimes called the
1016:
4682:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4062:
4060:
2698:Srinivasan, M. S.; Sinha, D. K. (2000).
2229:tends to follow the heating maxima down
2188:
2118:
2110:
2025:
1874:of the Southwest Monsoon first hits the
1830:
1701:
1690:
1628:
1063:
838:
61:
49:
4285:
4039:
4037:
4035:
3149:Progress in Earth and Planetary Science
1950:that brought the city to a standstill.
909:and that of the wind-blown dust in the
14:
5028:
4411:"Monsoons and the dynamics of deserts"
4378:
4270:
3741:
2336:
1815:
1633:Southeast African monsoon clouds over
1283:Southeast Africa monsoon w/ Harmattan
4859:
4656:
4513:
4220:
4057:
3981:Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000).
3835:"Liquids and Fluids â Specific Heats"
2388:Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000).
2100:
1901:heading towards north-east India and
1096:(3.9 to 4.2 J g K), and because both
976:
4032:
3782:
2021:
1897:of Southwest Monsoon flows over the
1826:
4765:Equatorial Indian Ocean oscillation
4289:Weather and Climate: India in Focus
4134:"Indian monsoon | meteorology"
1657:, and their more extreme form, the
998:sea surface temperature (SST) field
870:
24:
4605:
3906:
2472:
2377:from the original on 19 July 2016.
2359:from the original on 30 June 2016.
1954:and certain regions of India like
1687:United States rainfall climatology
1490:Indo-Australian/Borneo-Australian
1473:Indo-Australian/Borneo-Australian
1453:Indo-Australian/Borneo-Australian
1005:monsoon, because of change in the
25:
5082:
4755:Diurnal air temperature variation
4740:Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis
4725:Atlantic multidecadal oscillation
4626:
2598:Gupta, A. K.; Thomas, E. (2003).
2575:Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
2123:Monsoonal summer thunderstorm in
2115:Monsoon floods in the Philippines
1436:Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina
1419:Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina
1402:Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina
1385:Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina
1368:Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina
1351:Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina
1334:Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina
1317:Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina
1300:Indo-Australian/Indian-Indochina
1148:
1049:On August 28, in the rainy season
923:Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
4929:
2311: â New Zealand photographer
2001:
1992:
1676:
1207:incomplete wind reversal, waves
1190:incomplete wind reversal, waves
1153:
1042:
1028:
892:
827:in the southwest bringing heavy
817:used in English in British India
812:, and South American monsoons.
751:
702:
4571:
4560:from the original on 2013-09-02
4541:
4532:
4507:
4474:
4449:
4402:
4372:
4352:
4323:
4296:
4279:
4264:
4247:from the original on 2013-06-19
4200:
4177:
4151:
4140:from the original on 2016-08-01
4021:from the original on 2017-06-06
3987:American Meteorological Society
3974:
3946:
3926:
3895:from the original on 2007-10-13
3877:
3852:
3827:
3776:
3748:Journal of Earth System Science
3735:
3717:
3689:
3668:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103135
3591:Journal of Geophysical Research
3577:
3521:
3444:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103046
3396:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.07.009
3361:
3286:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103173
3251:
3136:
3123:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2018.02.001
3088:
3054:Journal of Geophysical Research
2978:
2898:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103137
2863:
2842:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.01.004
2691:
2591:
2568:
2394:American Meteorological Society
1758:. It pushes as far west as the
1215:Central/South American Monsoon
3954:Meteorology at the Millennium.
3952:Robert Penrose Pearce (2002).
3943:KNMI. Retrieved on 2009-01-02.
2548:
2497:
2411:
2381:
2363:
2345:
2330:
2225:The onset of the monsoon over
1646:Intertropical Convergence Zone
929:, especially the cycle of the
791:Intertropical Convergence Zone
13:
1:
4648:Basics of the Arizona Monsoon
4638:East Asian Monsoon Experiment
3912:Dr. Michael Pidwirny (2008).
2440:"Blowing in the Monsoon Wind"
2323:
1695:Incoming monsoon clouds over
4760:El NiñoâSouthern Oscillation
4643:Arizona Central monsoon page
4271:Cook, Ben; Seager, Richard.
3556:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.04.027
3500:10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.05.023
3324:Geophysical Research Letters
3230:10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.01.021
2957:10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.02.019
2670:10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.109545
2284:(more commonly known as the
2220:devastating flood of Jakarta
2178:
1909:with large amounts of rain.
1812:, Korea and parts of Japan.
1035:On May 28, in the dry season
1000:in the Indian Ocean, as the
834:
7:
4885:
4810:Pacific decadal oscillation
3647:Global and Planetary Change
3423:Global and Planetary Change
3375:Global and Planetary Change
3265:Global and Planetary Change
3102:Global and Planetary Change
2877:Global and Planetary Change
2821:Global and Planetary Change
2302:
1170:Average date of withdrawal
1121:. This decreases the air's
901:after the collision of the
876:
630:Severe weather terminology
92:Temperate and polar seasons
10:
5087:
5007:bezdorizhzhia / rasputitsa
4825:Quasi-biennial oscillation
4795:North Atlantic oscillation
4700:Antarctic Circumpolar Wave
4578:Paul Simons (2009-06-07).
4548:Leo Hickman (2008-07-09).
4514:Arceo, Acor (2023-10-20).
4188:Basics of Arizona Monsoon.
3971:. Retrieved on 2009-01-02.
3742:Gadgil, Sulochana (2018).
3013:10.1038/s41598-022-15441-x
2783:10.1038/s41467-018-07076-2
2273:
2195:Darwin, Northern Territory
2182:
2104:
1819:
1680:
1082:
887:
36:
29:
4969:
4946:
4924:
4893:
4800:North Pacific Oscillation
4780:MaddenâJulian oscillation
4690:
4309:. Springer. p. 121.
4214:October 30, 2008, at the
4210:Retrieved on 2008-02-29.
4186:Department of Geography.
3860:"Solids â Specific Heats"
3805:10.1007/s00382-003-0315-7
3761:10.1007/s12040-017-0916-x
3170:10.1186/s40645-015-0045-6
2485:. Oxford University Press
2269:
1983:Rodwell-Hoskins mechanism
1713:Canyonlands National Park
984:Five episodes during the
967:DansgaardâOeschger events
4745:DansgaardâOeschger event
4720:Atlantic Equatorial mode
4369:Retrieved on 2008-12-27.
4197:Retrieved on 2008-02-29.
4184:Arizona State University
4054:Retrieved on 2008-05-25.
2588:Retrieved on 2008-05-11.
2579:Earth, Oceans, and Life.
2565:Retrieved on 2008-05-11.
2457:10.5670/oceanog.2019.119
2428:Retrieved on 2008-03-16.
2318:Tropical monsoon climate
2286:return of the westerlies
1878:of the coastal state of
1167:Average date of arrival
32:Monsoon (disambiguation)
4815:Pacific Meridional Mode
3963:Academic Press, p. 66.
2371:"Definition of Monsoon"
2193:Monsoonal squall nears
1948:2005 flooding in Mumbai
1802:
1728:Sierra Madre Occidental
1640:The monsoon of western
1337:late June - early July
1249:South American monsoon
1232:South American monsoon
4435:10.1002/qj.49712253408
4286:Explore, Team (2005).
4162:. AMMA. Archived from
4074:"West African monsoon"
2198:
2128:
2116:
2034:
1836:
1720:North American monsoon
1715:
1699:
1683:North American monsoon
1637:
1079:
1017:South American monsoon
1002:Indonesian Throughflow
861:
852:
691:Tropical cyclone terms
67:
59:
4710:Arctic dipole anomaly
4705:Antarctic oscillation
3729:TheFreeDictionary.com
2762:Nature Communications
2483:OED Online. June 2018
2309:Monsoon (photographs)
2192:
2122:
2114:
2029:
1834:
1822:Monsoon of South Asia
1710:
1694:
1632:
1195:Tucson, Arizona, USA
1123:ability to hold water
1077:
859:came from Portuguese
842:
298:Extratropical cyclone
222:Air-mass thunderstorm
65:
53:
5071:Tropical meteorology
4684:Climate oscillations
4043:Innovations Report.
3612:10.1029/2019JD031877
3346:10.1029/2012GL053018
3075:10.1029/2011JD016237
2216:Tropical Storm Vamei
2143:, Korea, Japan, and
2071:high-pressure system
2013:Bhawal National Park
1895:Bay of Bengal Branch
1865:Bay of Bengal Branch
1850:precipitation occurs
963:Last Glacial Maximum
843:Monsoon clouds over
658:Weather modification
256:Anticyclonic tornado
43:US FWS Hugh M. Smith
4785:Milankovitch cycles
4775:Indian Ocean Dipole
4457:"NORTHEAST MONSOON"
4427:1996QJRMS.122.1385R
4335:The Weather Channel
3797:2003ClDy...21...11C
3660:2020GPC...18703135C
3604:2020JGRD..12531877C
3548:2018PPP...502..119C
3492:2019PPP...528..204W
3436:2020GPC...18403046P
3388:2014GPC...121..101L
3337:2012GeoRL..3918711A
3278:2020GPC...18903173V
3222:2019PPP...520...18K
3161:2015PEPS....2...17G
3115:2018GPC...163....1I
3067:2011JGRD..11624114H
3005:2022NatSR..1211396M
2949:2019PPP...525...25L
2890:2020GPC...18703137P
2834:2019GPC...174...16M
2775:2018NatCo...9.4702G
2716:2000JESS..109..315S
2662:2020PPP...54109545W
2621:2003Geo....31...47G
2518:2001Natur.411...62Z
2339:Monsoon Meteorology
2337:Ramage, C. (1971).
2173:Yangtze River Basin
2044:Indo-Gangetic Plain
1975:Tian Shan Mountains
1923:Indo-Gangetic Plain
1816:South Asian monsoon
1572:Seoul, South Korea
1487:Jakarta, Indonesia
1382:Colombo, Sri Lanka
1164:Monsoon/sub-system
1007:Indian Ocean dipole
903:Indian subcontinent
815:The term was first
653:Weather forecasting
489:Rain and snow mixed
315:Subtropical cyclone
4730:Earth's axial tilt
4715:Arctic oscillation
4421:(534): 1385â1404.
4365:2010-12-28 at the
4193:2009-05-31 at the
4050:2011-09-19 at the
3959:2016-04-27 at the
3939:2009-02-25 at the
3919:2008-12-20 at the
2992:Scientific Reports
2725:10.1007/BF03549815
2584:2007-10-26 at the
2561:2008-05-27 at the
2424:2008-04-08 at the
2264:Northern Australia
2203:Hadley circulation
2199:
2185:Australian monsoon
2129:
2117:
2107:East Asian monsoon
2101:East Asian monsoon
2073:is strongest. The
2035:
2030:Monsoon clouds in
1872:Arabian Sea Branch
1861:Arabian Sea Branch
1837:
1716:
1700:
1642:Sub-Saharan Africa
1638:
1606:Darwin, Australia
1504:Kaohsiung, Taiwan
1450:Cebu, Philippines
1433:Dhaka, Bangladesh
1399:Bangkok, Thailand
1331:Karachi, Pakistan
1125:, and this causes
1080:
977:Australian monsoon
853:
709:Weather portal
325:Atlantic hurricane
303:European windstorm
210:Volcanic lightning
171:Cumulonimbus cloud
68:
60:
18:South-west monsoon
5023:
5022:
4895:Temperate seasons
4853:
4852:
4845:True polar wander
4840:Solar variability
4613:The Asian Monsoon
4494:978-0-7637-3828-0
4395:978-1-901502-45-9
4316:978-3-319-69185-5
4206:New Mexico Tech.
3969:978-0-12-548035-2
3705:(10): 1363â1369.
2297:Benelux countries
2276:Climate of Europe
2022:Northeast monsoon
1907:Eastern Himalayas
1827:Southwest monsoon
1764:Transverse Ranges
1760:Peninsular Ranges
1708:
1622:
1621:
1555:Kagoshima, Japan
1408:October/November
1365:Phuket, Thailand
1357:end of September
1348:Lahore, Pakistan
1280:Southeast Africa
1246:Southeast Brazil
1075:
942:Indonesian Seaway
917:records from the
743:
742:
16:(Redirected from
5078:
5041:Climate patterns
4998:Mud / breakup /
4948:Tropical seasons
4939:
4934:
4933:
4880:
4873:
4866:
4857:
4856:
4677:
4670:
4663:
4654:
4653:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4595:
4586:. Archived from
4575:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4545:
4539:
4536:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4526:
4511:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4501:
4478:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4459:. Archived from
4453:
4447:
4446:
4406:
4400:
4399:
4387:
4376:
4370:
4356:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4337:. Archived from
4327:
4321:
4320:
4300:
4294:
4293:
4283:
4277:
4276:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4253:
4252:
4224:
4218:
4204:
4198:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4166:on July 12, 2007
4155:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4145:
4130:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4076:. Archived from
4070:
4055:
4041:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4011:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3989:. Archived from
3978:
3972:
3950:
3944:
3930:
3924:
3910:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3862:. Archived from
3856:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3837:. Archived from
3831:
3825:
3824:
3785:Climate Dynamics
3780:
3774:
3773:
3763:
3739:
3733:
3732:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3693:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3637:
3631:
3630:
3628:
3626:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3365:
3359:
3358:
3348:
3314:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3255:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3199:
3193:
3192:
3182:
3172:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3044:
3035:
3034:
3024:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2926:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2794:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2727:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2604:
2595:
2589:
2572:
2566:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2526:10.1038/35075035
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2459:
2435:
2429:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2405:
2396:. Archived from
2385:
2379:
2378:
2373:. 28 July 2016.
2367:
2361:
2360:
2355:. 29 June 2016.
2349:
2343:
2342:
2334:
2314:
2282:European Monsoon
2237:(September), to
2005:
1996:
1979:local convection
1857:Indian Peninsula
1709:
1697:Phoenix, Arizona
1416:Yangon, Myanmar
1212:Central America
1178:Northern Mexico
1158:
1157:
1076:
1046:
1032:
879:
873:
872:
865:ultimately from
864:
780:
779:
776:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
735:
728:
721:
707:
706:
320:Tropical cyclone
232:Dry thunderstorm
127:Tropical seasons
70:
69:
21:
5086:
5085:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5076:
5075:
5051:Weather hazards
5036:Climate of Asia
5026:
5025:
5024:
5019:
4965:
4942:
4935:
4928:
4922:
4889:
4884:
4854:
4849:
4805:Orbital forcing
4692:
4686:
4681:
4629:
4608:
4606:Further reading
4603:
4602:
4593:
4591:
4576:
4572:
4563:
4561:
4546:
4542:
4537:
4533:
4524:
4522:
4512:
4508:
4499:
4497:
4495:
4479:
4475:
4466:
4464:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4407:
4403:
4396:
4385:
4377:
4373:
4367:Wayback Machine
4360:District Sirsa.
4357:
4353:
4344:
4342:
4329:
4328:
4324:
4317:
4301:
4297:
4284:
4280:
4269:
4265:
4250:
4248:
4241:
4225:
4221:
4216:Wayback Machine
4205:
4201:
4195:Wayback Machine
4182:
4178:
4169:
4167:
4156:
4152:
4143:
4141:
4132:
4131:
4092:
4083:
4081:
4072:
4071:
4058:
4052:Wayback Machine
4042:
4033:
4024:
4022:
4013:
4012:
4005:
3996:
3994:
3979:
3975:
3961:Wayback Machine
3951:
3947:
3941:Wayback Machine
3931:
3927:
3921:Wayback Machine
3911:
3907:
3898:
3896:
3883:
3882:
3878:
3869:
3867:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3844:
3842:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3781:
3777:
3740:
3736:
3723:
3722:
3718:
3699:Current Science
3694:
3690:
3680:
3678:
3638:
3634:
3624:
3622:
3582:
3578:
3568:
3566:
3526:
3522:
3512:
3510:
3470:
3466:
3456:
3454:
3414:
3410:
3400:
3398:
3366:
3362:
3315:
3308:
3298:
3296:
3256:
3252:
3242:
3240:
3200:
3196:
3141:
3137:
3127:
3125:
3093:
3089:
3079:
3077:
3045:
3038:
2983:
2979:
2969:
2967:
2927:
2920:
2910:
2908:
2868:
2864:
2854:
2852:
2812:
2808:
2753:
2749:
2696:
2692:
2682:
2680:
2640:
2636:
2602:
2596:
2592:
2586:Wayback Machine
2573:
2569:
2563:Wayback Machine
2553:
2549:
2512:(6833): 62â66.
2502:
2498:
2488:
2486:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2436:
2432:
2426:Wayback Machine
2416:
2412:
2403:
2401:
2386:
2382:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2335:
2331:
2326:
2312:
2305:
2278:
2272:
2235:Malay Peninsula
2187:
2181:
2169:South China Sea
2109:
2103:
2087:South-East Asia
2024:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2008:
2007:
2006:
1998:
1997:
1829:
1824:
1818:
1805:
1793:Sonoran deserts
1702:
1689:
1681:Main articles:
1679:
1627:
1589:Beijing, China
1538:Hanoi, Vietnam
1521:Taipei, Taiwan
1371:February/March
1156:
1151:
1085:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1019:
994:Leeuwin Current
979:
971:Heinrich events
947:glacial periods
919:South China Sea
899:Tibetan Plateau
895:
890:
837:
754:
750:
739:
701:
696:
695:
671:
663:
662:
521:
511:
510:
423:
413:
412:
401:Ground blizzard
161:
151:
150:
129:
119:
118:
94:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5084:
5074:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5021:
5020:
5018:
5017:
5012:
5011:
5010:
4995:
4993:Monsoon season
4990:
4984:
4979:
4977:Cyclone season
4973:
4971:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4958:
4952:
4950:
4944:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4937:Weather portal
4925:
4923:
4921:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4899:
4897:
4891:
4890:
4883:
4882:
4875:
4868:
4860:
4851:
4850:
4848:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4770:Glacial cycles
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4696:
4694:
4688:
4687:
4680:
4679:
4672:
4665:
4657:
4651:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4628:
4627:External links
4625:
4624:
4623:
4616:
4607:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4570:
4540:
4531:
4506:
4493:
4473:
4448:
4401:
4394:
4371:
4351:
4322:
4315:
4295:
4278:
4263:
4240:978-0763791018
4239:
4219:
4199:
4176:
4150:
4090:
4056:
4031:
4003:
3973:
3945:
3925:
3905:
3876:
3851:
3826:
3775:
3734:
3716:
3688:
3632:
3576:
3520:
3464:
3408:
3360:
3306:
3250:
3194:
3135:
3087:
3036:
2977:
2918:
2862:
2806:
2747:
2710:(3): 315â328.
2690:
2634:
2590:
2567:
2547:
2496:
2471:
2430:
2410:
2380:
2362:
2344:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2304:
2301:
2271:
2268:
2249:(October), to
2183:Main article:
2180:
2177:
2171:(May), to the
2155:in Korea, and
2125:Silang, Cavite
2105:Main article:
2102:
2099:
2085:develops over
2083:monsoon trough
2061:. Cities like
2032:Madhya Pradesh
2023:
2020:
2010:
2009:
2000:
1999:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1828:
1825:
1820:Main article:
1817:
1814:
1804:
1801:
1785:Desert monsoon
1678:
1675:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1484:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1314:Mumbai, India
1311:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1297:Kerala, India
1294:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1272:Sept /October
1270:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1229:Amazon Brazil
1226:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1149:Global monsoon
1147:
1084:
1081:
1054:
1053:
1048:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1015:
978:
975:
959:Middle Miocene
927:climate change
894:
891:
889:
886:
836:
833:
810:North American
741:
740:
738:
737:
730:
723:
715:
712:
711:
698:
697:
694:
693:
688:
683:
681:Climate change
678:
672:
669:
668:
665:
664:
661:
660:
655:
650:
649:
648:
647:
646:
641:
636:
628:
623:
616:Severe weather
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
592:
591:
586:
576:
575:
574:
564:
559:
558:
557:
552:
547:
542:
534:
533:
528:
522:
517:
516:
513:
512:
509:
508:
507:
506:
501:
496:
491:
481:
476:
475:
474:
464:
459:
454:
453:
452:
450:Megacryometeor
442:
437:
436:
435:
424:
419:
418:
415:
414:
411:
410:
409:
408:
403:
398:
393:
383:
378:
373:
368:
367:
366:
356:
355:
354:
349:
339:
334:
333:
332:
327:
317:
312:
311:
310:
305:
295:
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
269:
268:
263:
258:
248:
247:
246:
236:
235:
234:
229:
224:
214:
213:
212:
202:
201:
200:
195:
190:
180:
179:
178:
173:
162:
157:
156:
153:
152:
149:
148:
143:
142:
141:
130:
125:
124:
121:
120:
117:
116:
111:
106:
101:
95:
90:
89:
86:
85:
79:
78:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5083:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5016:
5013:
5009:
5008:
5004:
5003:
5002:
5001:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:(West Africa)
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4974:
4972:
4968:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4938:
4932:
4927:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4896:
4892:
4888:
4881:
4876:
4874:
4869:
4867:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4750:Diurnal cycle
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4689:
4685:
4678:
4673:
4671:
4666:
4664:
4659:
4658:
4655:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4621:
4617:
4614:
4610:
4609:
4590:on 2011-06-04
4589:
4585:
4581:
4574:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4544:
4535:
4521:
4517:
4510:
4496:
4490:
4486:
4485:
4477:
4463:on 2015-12-29
4462:
4458:
4452:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4432:
4428:
4424:
4420:
4416:
4412:
4405:
4397:
4391:
4384:
4383:
4375:
4368:
4364:
4361:
4355:
4341:on 2018-09-05
4340:
4336:
4332:
4326:
4318:
4312:
4308:
4307:
4299:
4291:
4290:
4282:
4274:
4267:
4260:
4259:
4246:
4242:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4223:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4203:
4196:
4192:
4189:
4185:
4180:
4165:
4161:
4154:
4139:
4135:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4115:
4113:
4111:
4109:
4107:
4105:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4080:on 2016-06-25
4079:
4075:
4069:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4061:
4053:
4049:
4046:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4020:
4016:
4010:
4008:
3993:on 2011-05-05
3992:
3988:
3984:
3977:
3970:
3966:
3962:
3958:
3955:
3949:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3929:
3922:
3918:
3915:
3909:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3880:
3866:on 2012-09-22
3865:
3861:
3855:
3841:on 2007-08-09
3840:
3836:
3830:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3779:
3771:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3745:
3738:
3730:
3726:
3720:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3692:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3636:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3592:
3587:
3580:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3536:
3531:
3524:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3468:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3424:
3419:
3412:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3376:
3371:
3364:
3356:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3313:
3311:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3266:
3261:
3254:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3210:
3205:
3198:
3190:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3139:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3091:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3061:(D24): 1â13.
3060:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3043:
3041:
3032:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2981:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2925:
2923:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2866:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2810:
2802:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2763:
2758:
2751:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2694:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2638:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2576:
2571:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2551:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2500:
2484:
2481:
2480:"monsoon, n."
2475:
2467:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2434:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2414:
2400:on 2008-03-22
2399:
2395:
2391:
2384:
2376:
2372:
2366:
2358:
2354:
2348:
2340:
2333:
2329:
2319:
2316:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2300:
2298:
2293:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2277:
2267:
2265:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2207:Siberian High
2204:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2127:, Philippines
2126:
2121:
2113:
2108:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2055:Bay of Bengal
2051:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2033:
2028:
2014:
2004:
1995:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1899:Bay of Bengal
1896:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1876:Western Ghats
1873:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1842:
1833:
1823:
1813:
1811:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1714:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1684:
1677:North America
1674:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1631:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1266:West African
1265:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1224:true monsoon
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1154:Summary table
1146:
1144:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1127:precipitation
1124:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1094:heat capacity
1090:
1057:
1056:Western Ghats
1045:
1031:
1022:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
982:
974:
972:
968:
964:
960:
955:
952:
948:
943:
938:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
911:Loess Plateau
908:
904:
900:
893:Asian monsoon
885:
883:
878:
868:
863:
858:
850:
849:Uttar Pradesh
846:
841:
832:
831:to the area.
830:
826:
822:
821:Bay of Bengal
818:
813:
811:
807:
803:
798:
796:
792:
788:
784:
783:precipitation
778:
748:
736:
731:
729:
724:
722:
717:
716:
714:
713:
710:
705:
700:
699:
692:
689:
687:
686:Tornado terms
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
673:
667:
666:
659:
656:
654:
651:
645:
644:United States
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
631:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
618:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
590:
587:
585:
582:
581:
580:
577:
573:
570:
569:
568:
565:
563:
560:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
537:
536:
535:
532:
529:
527:
526:Air pollution
524:
523:
520:
515:
514:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
486:
485:
482:
480:
477:
473:
470:
469:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
451:
448:
447:
446:
443:
441:
438:
434:
431:
430:
429:
426:
425:
422:
421:Precipitation
417:
416:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
388:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
365:
362:
361:
360:
357:
353:
350:
348:
345:
344:
343:
340:
338:
335:
331:
328:
326:
323:
322:
321:
318:
316:
313:
309:
306:
304:
301:
300:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
253:
252:
249:
245:
242:
241:
240:
237:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
219:
218:
215:
211:
208:
207:
206:
203:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
185:
184:
181:
177:
174:
172:
169:
168:
167:
164:
163:
160:
155:
154:
147:
144:
140:
137:
136:
135:
132:
131:
128:
123:
122:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
96:
93:
88:
87:
84:
81:
80:
76:
72:
71:
64:
57:
52:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
5015:Rainy season
5006:
4999:
4992:
4830:Seasonal lag
4789:
4693:oscillations
4612:
4592:. Retrieved
4588:the original
4583:
4573:
4562:. Retrieved
4554:The Guardian
4553:
4543:
4534:
4523:. Retrieved
4519:
4509:
4498:. Retrieved
4483:
4476:
4465:. Retrieved
4461:the original
4451:
4418:
4414:
4404:
4381:
4374:
4354:
4343:. Retrieved
4339:the original
4334:
4325:
4305:
4298:
4288:
4281:
4266:
4256:
4255:
4249:. Retrieved
4229:
4222:
4202:
4179:
4168:. Retrieved
4164:the original
4153:
4142:. Retrieved
4082:. Retrieved
4078:the original
4023:. Retrieved
3995:. Retrieved
3991:the original
3983:"Gust Front"
3976:
3948:
3928:
3908:
3897:. Retrieved
3888:
3879:
3868:. Retrieved
3864:the original
3854:
3843:. Retrieved
3839:the original
3829:
3791:(1): 11â25.
3788:
3784:
3778:
3751:
3747:
3737:
3728:
3719:
3702:
3698:
3691:
3679:. Retrieved
3651:
3645:
3635:
3623:. Retrieved
3595:
3589:
3579:
3567:. Retrieved
3539:
3533:
3523:
3511:. Retrieved
3483:
3477:
3467:
3455:. Retrieved
3427:
3421:
3411:
3399:. Retrieved
3379:
3373:
3363:
3328:
3322:
3299:13 September
3297:. Retrieved
3269:
3263:
3253:
3241:. Retrieved
3213:
3207:
3197:
3152:
3148:
3138:
3126:. Retrieved
3106:
3100:
3090:
3078:. Retrieved
3058:
3052:
2999:(1): 11396.
2996:
2990:
2980:
2968:. Retrieved
2940:
2934:
2909:. Retrieved
2881:
2875:
2865:
2853:. Retrieved
2825:
2819:
2809:
2766:
2760:
2750:
2707:
2703:
2693:
2681:. Retrieved
2653:
2647:
2637:
2615:(1): 47â50.
2612:
2606:
2593:
2570:
2550:
2509:
2505:
2499:
2487:. Retrieved
2482:
2474:
2447:
2444:Oceanography
2443:
2433:
2413:
2402:. Retrieved
2398:the original
2383:
2365:
2347:
2338:
2332:
2294:
2290:
2285:
2281:
2279:
2257:(November),
2224:
2200:
2161:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2130:
2052:
2036:
1968:
1944:
1928:
1894:
1892:
1871:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1854:
1838:
1806:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1723:
1719:
1717:
1639:
1263:West Africa
1143:condensation
1139:
1135:
1131:
1110:low pressure
1107:
1086:
1020:
983:
980:
956:
951:interglacial
949:compared to
939:
896:
881:
856:
854:
814:
802:West African
799:
746:
744:
462:Diamond dust
386:Winter storm
358:
217:Thunderstorm
47:
38:
4484:Climatology
4230:Climatology
3542:: 119â129.
3486:: 204â217.
3401:13 November
3382:: 101â112.
3331:(18): 1â5.
3180:11343/57355
3128:14 November
2970:14 November
2769:(1): 4702.
2247:Philippines
2197:, Australia
2137:Philippines
2091:Australasia
2079:air streams
1964:Thar Desert
1960:West Bengal
1915:Khasi Hills
1841:Thar Desert
1730:as well as
1655:trade winds
1618:persistent
1470:, Malaysia
1428:persistent
1411:persistent
1394:persistent
1377:persistent
1326:persistent
1309:persistent
1201:early July
1114:sea breezes
957:During the
931:Pleistocene
907:Arabian Sea
825:Arabian Sea
795:rainy phase
787:atmospheric
676:Meteorology
611:Meteorology
499:Snow roller
494:Snow grains
457:Ice pellets
406:Snow squall
337:Storm surge
283:Anticyclone
239:Mesocyclone
227:Thundersnow
176:Arcus cloud
5030:Categories
5000:minoskamin
4982:Fog season
4961:Dry season
4956:Wet season
4735:Bond event
4594:2009-06-09
4564:2009-06-09
4525:2024-01-06
4500:2009-07-19
4467:2011-11-07
4345:2018-09-05
4251:2011-07-23
4170:2009-10-15
4144:2017-06-06
4084:2017-06-06
4025:2017-06-06
3997:2008-07-09
3899:2007-05-15
3889:Britannica
3870:2012-10-01
3845:2012-10-01
3681:1 December
3654:: 103135.
3569:6 December
3513:6 December
3457:7 November
3430:: 103046.
3272:: 103173.
3243:3 December
2884:: 103137.
2855:8 December
2683:5 November
2656:: 109545.
2404:2008-03-14
2324:References
2274:See also:
2259:Irian Jaya
2218:, and the
2151:in China,
2075:jet stream
2067:Tamil Nadu
1952:Bangladesh
1756:California
1752:West Texas
1736:New Mexico
1598:September
1581:September
1405:AprilâMay
1354:late June
1340:September
1235:September
1204:September
1187:September
1102:convection
1098:conduction
1089:sea breeze
986:Quaternary
806:Australian
670:Glossaries
606:Jet stream
545:Convection
531:Atmosphere
479:Cloudburst
342:Dust storm
308:Nor'easter
278:Fire whirl
273:Dust devil
266:Waterspout
193:Heat burst
188:Microburst
146:Wet season
134:Dry season
4987:Harmattan
4584:The Times
4443:1477-870X
3885:"Monsoon"
3813:0930-7575
3770:0253-4126
3676:213786940
3620:214431404
3564:135099188
3508:182641708
3452:210319430
3294:216428856
3238:134641370
3216:: 18â29.
3189:129045722
2965:135413974
2943:: 25â43.
2911:9 January
2906:213557014
2850:134300820
2828:: 16â25.
2742:127257455
2734:0253-4126
2678:214283369
2466:1042-8275
2450:(1): 48.
2390:"Monsoon"
2227:Australia
2222:in 2007.
2179:Australia
2165:Indochina
2139:, China,
2133:Indochina
2059:Sri Lanka
2040:Himalayas
1919:Meghalaya
1911:Mawsynram
1846:Himalayas
1773:Southwest
1659:harmattan
1493:November
1439:mid-June
1374:December
1252:November
1184:late May
1161:Location
835:Etymology
601:Heat wave
596:Cold wave
540:Chemistry
391:Ice storm
381:Firestorm
293:Polar low
261:Landspout
244:Supercell
205:Lightning
183:Downburst
139:Harmattan
73:Part of
56:Nagercoil
4970:Specific
4558:Archived
4363:Archived
4245:Archived
4212:Archived
4191:Archived
4138:Archived
4048:Archived
4019:Archived
3957:Archived
3937:Archived
3917:Archived
3893:Archived
3821:53701462
3754:(1): 1.
3711:24091985
3625:13 April
3355:15020102
3080:20 March
3031:35859095
2801:30410007
2582:Archived
2559:Archived
2534:11333976
2489:1 August
2422:Archived
2375:Archived
2357:Archived
2303:See also
2255:Sulawesi
2245:and the
2233:and the
2167:and the
1971:Xinjiang
1940:oilseeds
1863:and the
1748:Colorado
1595:July 20
1578:July 10
1564:October
1547:October
1530:October
1513:October
1476:October
1468:Kelantan
1456:October
1442:October
1320:June 10
1269:June 22
1221:October
988:at 2.22
915:sediment
829:rainfall
804:, Asianâ
472:Freezing
433:Freezing
396:Blizzard
75:a series
4887:Seasons
4835:Seasons
4790:Monsoon
4691:Climate
4520:RAPPLER
4423:Bibcode
3793:Bibcode
3656:Bibcode
3600:Bibcode
3544:Bibcode
3488:Bibcode
3432:Bibcode
3384:Bibcode
3333:Bibcode
3274:Bibcode
3218:Bibcode
3157:Bibcode
3111:Bibcode
3109:: 1â9.
3063:Bibcode
3022:9300741
3001:Bibcode
2945:Bibcode
2886:Bibcode
2830:Bibcode
2792:6224551
2771:Bibcode
2712:Bibcode
2658:Bibcode
2617:Bibcode
2608:Geology
2542:4398615
2514:Bibcode
2239:Sumatra
2231:Vietnam
2145:Siberia
2063:Chennai
1781:Arizona
1777:Mexican
1732:Arizona
1635:Mayotte
1601:abrupt
1584:abrupt
1567:abrupt
1561:Jun 10
1550:abrupt
1544:May 20
1533:abrupt
1527:May 20
1516:abrupt
1510:May 10
1499:abrupt
1462:abrupt
1445:abrupt
1422:May 25
1391:Dec 15
1388:May 25
1360:abrupt
1343:abrupt
1083:Process
1058:in 2010
1011:El Niño
888:History
857:monsoon
851:, India
845:Lucknow
747:monsoon
626:Extreme
572:Physics
562:Climate
550:Physics
440:Graupel
428:Drizzle
376:Sirocco
359:Monsoon
330:Typhoon
288:Cyclone
251:Tornado
198:Derecho
83:Weather
58:, India
39:Habagat
4918:Winter
4913:Autumn
4908:Summer
4903:Spring
4491:
4441:
4392:
4313:
4237:
3967:
3819:
3811:
3768:
3709:
3674:
3618:
3562:
3506:
3450:
3353:
3292:
3236:
3187:
3155:: 17.
3029:
3019:
2963:
2904:
2848:
2799:
2789:
2740:
2732:
2676:
2540:
2532:
2506:Nature
2464:
2270:Europe
2243:Borneo
2211:Borneo
2153:Jangma
2141:Taiwan
2135:, the
2095:Amihan
2048:Deccan
1932:cotton
1903:Bengal
1884:Konkan
1880:Kerala
1810:Taiwan
1789:Mojave
1769:Summer
1740:Nevada
1650:Sahara
1615:April
1496:March
1482:waves
1479:March
1459:March
1425:Nov 1
1323:Oct 1
1306:Dec 1
1303:Jun 1
1292:waves
1289:March
1275:waves
1258:waves
1255:March
1241:waves
1218:April
1173:Notes
935:Eemian
882:monson
877:mawsim
867:Arabic
862:monção
808:, the
634:Canada
589:Season
519:Topics
364:Amihan
352:Haboob
347:Simoom
159:Storms
114:Autumn
109:Summer
104:Spring
99:Winter
41:, see
5061:Winds
5046:Flood
4386:(PDF)
3817:S2CID
3707:JSTOR
3672:S2CID
3616:S2CID
3598:(4).
3560:S2CID
3504:S2CID
3448:S2CID
3351:S2CID
3290:S2CID
3234:S2CID
3185:S2CID
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