49:
33:
41:
57:
239:
197:
232:
225:
807:
218:
176:
190:
183:
306:
into the German language area at the end of the 14th century, the word was also transferred to the cards with the value 2. This card became the highest value playing card in the German card deck, the equivalent of the Ace in the French deck. Dummett (1980) assesses that this had happened by the 1470s
355:
Early evidence of the depiction of a hog on the card is found as early as the 15th century, from which deuces of bells and acorns have survived on which there is a wild boar. Decks with a hog or sow on the card along with the 2 of bells have also survived from the year 1525 in the
116:
represents the 2, which is why two hearts, bells, etc. are depicted on the card. In many regions it is not only equated to the ace, but is also, incorrectly, called an ace. In the south German area it has been historically called the
135:(also: Was der Daus!) is an expression, similar, to "What the deuce!" in English, which reflects astonishment, bewilderment or even anger. It is commonly, if wrongly, assumed to be an expression derived from card players' jargon.
307:
because the Ace, originally the lowest card of each suit, had disappeared from German-suited packs by then and that, subsequently, under the influence of foreign card games, there was a need to promote another card in its place.
70:
411:
can ... with a little imagination, picture that the players, in the excitement of the game when playing the trump card ... loudly emphasize their triumph by saying the name of the card.
322:
However, unlike dice games, in which the 2 was a low throw and did not count for much, the deuce card played a special role as a trick card, because it could even beat the King. The
382:
How the boar ended up on the playing card is unknown. Hellmut
Rosenfeld suspects that it was derived from the prize sow that played a role in local shooting festivals (
652:, 1591, in: Das Kloster, ed. by J. Scheible, Vol.10, 2: Fischarts kleinere Schriften, Stuttgart und Leipzig 1848, p.920; here quoted by Marianne Rumpf, p. 14
442:("deuces build houses"), which has been used since 1850, because with a trick with several aces, one quickly scores the points needed to win.
1846:
438:) for 'coins', recorded since the 19th century, because in a game played for money, the aces are worth cash. Quite similar is the saying
1841:
1836:
378:"Sow in card game, from the figure of a sow, which is painted on the Deuce of Acorns, whence the other deuces are also called Sows."
1885:
332:"I have thrown out the Ace, Sow and Deuce of Bells, Clubs, Hearts respectively; but now I hold the Sow of Acorns which now reigns"
2131:
1039:
839:
811:
1784:
372:
manufacturer dating to 1573, on which the hog is found on a 2 of hearts. The link between the deuce and the sow is evinced by
345:("Rhyming Chronicle About Duke Ulrich of Wurttemberg"), which also reveals that the deuce, like the ace in the modern game of
2244:
2262:
2226:
1387:
2166:
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396:, and the depiction of a boar on the playing cards was simply a pictorial illustration of this etymological development.
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318:, because he avers that there are no game rules that have survived from the Middle Ages, Marianne Rumpf is clear:
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270:
as a description of the two pips on a die has been in use since the 12th century. It comes from the Late
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On the German playing card with the 2, the deuce, there is often a picture of a hog or sow. While
1774:
1622:
1572:
1552:
664:, ed. by Eduard Frh. von Seckendorf, Stuttgart, 1863, p. 72; here quoted by Marianne Rumpf, p. 13
351:"The King ought to beat all the cards. That is apart from the Hog. It wants then to be worth 11."
732:. 1st edition, 6th reprint, Stuttgart, Munich, Dusseldorf, Leipzig, 1997, keyword "Daus", p. 160
341:
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inspired card artists who illustrated the free space under the coloured symbols with a sow.
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928:
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Zur
Entwicklung der playing cardsnfarben in der Schweiz, in Deutschland und in Frankreich
526:
48:
2152:
2012:
2007:
1505:
275:
155:
629:
Zur
Entwicklung der Spielkartenfarben in der Schweiz, in Deutschland und in Frankreich
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2046:
2002:
1895:
1856:
1742:
1702:
1531:
1470:
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129:
on the deuces in early card packs, a custom that has survived on the deuce of bells.
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346:
999:
138:
In some games outside
Germany, the Deuce may rank higher than the Ace, such as in
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Reimchronik über Herzog Ulrich von Württemberg und seiner nächsten
Nachfolger
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774:. In: „Schweizerisches Archiv für Volkskunde“ 72, 1976, pp. 1–32 (for
388:) and which was linked with the last sheaf of the harvest. The description
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2017:
1964:
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The language of card players may also have given rise to the expression
93:. It may have derived its name from dice games in which the face of the
56:
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2063:
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The word 'Daus' is a term that has been taken over from the dice game.
217:
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650:
Die wunderlichst vnerhörtest Legend vnd
Beschreibung des … Hütleins …
611:, 23rd edn. Berlin, New York, 1995; Lemmata "Daus" and "Daus", p. 164
521:
369:
126:
677:, Berlin, 1741, Vol. 2, p. 151; here quoted by Marianne Rumpf, p. 12
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631:. In: "Schweizerisches Archiv für Volkskunde" 72, 1976, pp. 1–32,
1996:
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690:, Bielefeld, 1958, p. 11; paraphrased by Marianne Rumpf, p. 13
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dialect in which the "S" is spoken like a "Sch" and the word
400:
175:
579:
Belege fĂĽr die
Verwendung in mittelhochdeutscher Sprache im
60:
Deuce of bells playing card depicting a wild boar sow (1573)
1214:
189:
182:
150:. These games share a common ancestor, the Chinese game of
94:
338:("hog") was also used for the deuce as may be read in the
911:
368:
artist, Hans
Forster. There is also a deck of cards by a
244:
109:
161:
423:("Swap") was used for the four cards. Perhaps the word
125:) and still is today, because of the appearance of a
743:"Playing Cards - The Unicode Standard, Version 13.0"
399:According to Marianne Rumpf, the name comes from a
290:. This corresponds to the French word for "two",
158:, where the two is seen as an auspicious number.
2285:
605:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
314:is unsure, how the card came to be called the
1847:Worshipful Company of Makers of Playing Cards
833:
154:. This ranking system may be influenced by
1842:Saga Arashiyama Museum of Arts and Culture
840:
826:
419:state in their dictionary, that the word
364:and in a deck dating to 1573 made by the
705:in the Dictionary of the Brothers Grimm.
566:, 5 volume, Freiburg i. Br. 1991; Lemma
564:Lexikon der sprichwörtlichen Redensarten
553:at www.pagat.com. Retrieved 26 May 2018.
55:
52:WĂĽrttemberg pattern deck: deuce of bells
47:
39:
36:The four deuces from a William Tell pack
31:
2132:The Card Sharp with the Ace of Diamonds
735:
730:Wörterbuch der deutschen Umgangssprache
719:in the Dictionary of the Brothers Grimm
623:
621:
619:
617:
544:
542:
392:may have been a corruption of the word
14:
2286:
1785:International Skat Players Association
556:
1886:Blackstone's Card Trick Without Cards
1869:
821:
550:Games played with German suited cards
376:in his 1741 German–Latin dictionary:
261:
162:Comparison of German and French suits
112:, with which it may be confused, the
614:
594:
539:
294:, which in turn came from the Latin
282:, which was borrowed from the North
2167:Violin and Playing Cards on a Table
1760:
24:
1837:Musée Français de la Carte à Jouer
1823:International Playing-Card Society
1511:United States Playing Card Company
25:
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407:is used for a female pig or sow.
1808:Fournier Museum of Playing Cards
1803:Cary Collection of Playing Cards
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2125:Card Players in a Rich Interior
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675:Teutsch-lateinisches Wörterbuch
450:The deuces are included in the
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27:High card in German card games
13:
1:
2026:The Phantom of the Card Table
1813:German Doppelkopf Association
1481:NĂĽrnberger-Spielkarten-Verlag
764:
532:
445:
2245:Patience and solitaire games
2139:Cardplayers in a Sunlit Room
1971:The Expert at the Card Table
688:MĂĽnchner Spielkarten um 1500
496:PLAYING CARD TWO OF DIAMONDS
7:
2263:Tarot and Tarock card games
2227:Non trick-taking card games
1708:Richard Valentine Pitchford
1678:Master of the Playing Cards
515:
10:
2310:
1818:German Playing Card Museum
591:Dummett (1980), pp. 24–25.
482:PLAYING CARD TWO OF HEARTS
468:PLAYING CARD TWO OF SPADES
89:with the highest value in
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510:PLAYING CARD TWO OF CLUBS
302:. On the introduction of
1780:International Skat Court
1770:British Skat Association
673:Johann Leonhard Frisch:
340:Reimchronik ĂĽber Herzog
2236:Trick-taking card games
1775:German Skat Association
1553:Bielefelder Spielkarten
349:, was worth 11 points:
2160:Still Life with a Poem
1363:Guru (circular whirls)
812:Deuces (playing cards)
413:
374:Johann Leonhard Frisch
342:Ulrich von WĂĽrttemberg
78:
61:
53:
45:
37:
2218:Historical card games
2199:Play Your Cards Right
1916:Twenty-One Card Trick
1891:The Circus Card Trick
1653:Johann Kaspar Hechtel
979:Archaeology awareness
973:Ambraser Hofjagdspiel
788:. London: Duckworth.
778:, see pp. 11–14)
581:Wörterbuch der Grimms
409:
358:Swiss National Museum
324:Early New High German
148:President (card game)
59:
51:
43:
35:
1982:History of cardistry
1466:J.O. Ă–berg & Son
989:Flemish Hunting Deck
814:at Wikimedia Commons
782:Dummett, Sir Michael
637:10.5169/seals-117151
212:French playing cards
170:German playing cards
2176:Film and television
2118:The Card Players II
1876:The Acme of Control
686:Hellmut Rosenfeld:
440:Däuser bauen Häuser
2153:Dogs Playing Poker
1718:Johann Georg Rauch
1506:U.S. Games Systems
868:Playing card suits
276:Middle High German
262:Origin and history
156:Chinese numerology
62:
54:
46:
38:
18:Sow (playing card)
2281:
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2208:
2207:
2059:Si Stebbins stack
1923:
1922:
1901:Out of This World
1896:The Four Burglars
1857:Card manipulation
1793:
1792:
1743:Fusajiro Yamauchi
1703:Ferdinand Piatnik
1586:
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1132:Portuguese-suited
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1011:Most-wanted Iraqi
994:Hamas most wanted
951:Curse of Scotland
810:Media related to
786:The Game of Tarot
648:Johann Fischart:
570:in Vol. 1, p. 309
259:
258:
101:is also called a
91:German card games
16:(Redirected from
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2104:The Bezique Game
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1948:Cards in the hat
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1693:Samuel J. Murray
1633:Thierry Depaulis
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1375:Chinese (Money)
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939:Queen of spades
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748:. Unicode. 2020
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2169:
2168:
2164:
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2161:
2157:
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2150:
2148:
2147:
2143:
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2136:
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2119:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2108:
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2092:
2088:
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2083:Art and media
2081:
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2028:
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2023:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1977:Herrmann pass
1975:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1955:Cardistry-Con
1953:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1943:Card throwing
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
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1801:
1799:
1798:52 Plus Joker
1796:
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1783:
1781:
1778:
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1773:
1771:
1768:
1767:
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1756:
1754:organisations
1750:
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1736:
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1726:
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1709:
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1701:
1699:
1698:David Parlett
1696:
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1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
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1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1643:Lennart Green
1641:
1639:
1638:S. W. Erdnase
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
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1512:
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1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1486:Oishi Tengudo
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1451:France Cartes
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:Manufacturers
1417:
1414:
1410:Manufacturers
1408:
1397:
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1261:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1233:Stripped deck
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
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1202:
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1128:
1125:
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1037:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
1001:
1000:Hofämterspiel
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
974:
970:
969:
967:
963:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
940:
937:
936:
935:
932:
930:
927:
923:
922:Ace of hearts
920:
918:
917:Ace of spades
915:
914:
913:
910:
909:
907:
903:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
878:
876:
873:
869:
865:
862:
860:
854:
850:
849:Playing cards
843:
838:
836:
831:
829:
824:
823:
820:
813:
808:
804:
803:
795:
794:0-7156-1014-7
791:
787:
783:
780:
777:
773:
769:
768:
744:
738:
731:
725:
718:
717:
711:
704:
703:
696:
689:
683:
676:
670:
663:
658:
651:
645:
638:
634:
630:
624:
622:
620:
618:
610:
609:Elmar Seebold
607:, revised by
606:
602:
597:
588:
582:
576:
569:
565:
559:
552:
551:
545:
543:
538:
528:
525:
523:
520:
519:
499:
485:
471:
457:
456:
455:
453:
452:Playing Cards
443:
441:
437:
433:
428:
426:
422:
418:
412:
408:
406:
402:
397:
395:
391:
387:
386:
380:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
353:
352:
348:
344:
343:
337:
333:
330:, says thus:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
308:
305:
304:playing cards
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
254:
250:
246:
243:
240:
236:
233:
229:
226:
222:
219:
215:
213:
210:
209:
205:
201:
198:
194:
191:
187:
184:
180:
177:
173:
171:
168:
167:
159:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
136:
134:
130:
128:
124:
120:
115:
111:
106:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
67:
58:
50:
42:
34:
30:
19:
2275:}}
2272:Occult tarot
2269:{{
2266:}}
2260:{{
2257:}}
2251:{{
2248:}}
2242:{{
2239:}}
2233:{{
2230:}}
2224:{{
2221:}}
2215:{{
2197:
2189:
2182:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2097:The Acrobats
2095:
2024:
1992:One-way deck
1969:
1933:Card marking
1911:Spelling Bee
1827:
1723:Juan Tamariz
1628:Dan and Dave
1618:Derren Brown
1613:David Blaine
1548:Aspioti-ELKA
1496:Ravensburger
1213:
1208:
1153:
1146:
1119:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1073:
1066:
1049:
998:
971:
859:52-card deck
785:
775:
771:
750:. Retrieved
737:
729:
724:
714:
710:
700:
695:
687:
682:
674:
669:
661:
657:
649:
644:
628:
604:
596:
587:
575:
567:
563:
558:
549:
449:
439:
435:
431:
429:
424:
420:
414:
410:
404:
398:
393:
389:
383:
381:
377:
354:
350:
339:
335:
331:
319:
315:
309:
299:
295:
291:
287:
279:
267:
265:
252:
248:
203:
137:
133:Ei der Daus!
132:
131:
122:
118:
113:
107:
102:
87:playing card
82:
65:
63:
29:
2184:Card Sharks
2074:Trick decks
1965:Double lift
1906:Rising Card
1688:Anton Moser
1683:John McLeod
1668:René Lavand
1623:Lewis Cohen
1603:Hubert Auer
1578:Waddingtons
1573:Lewis Cohen
1456:F.X. Schmid
1252:Other suits
1040:Other packs
1016:Politicards
334:. The name
108:Unlike the
105:in German.
2064:Spoke card
2013:mechanic's
2008:magician's
1999:and grips
1938:Card sharp
1752:Groups and
1738:Dai Vernon
1608:Bryan Berg
1431:Cartamundi
1412:and brands
1395:of Strings
1331:Portuguese
1182:Court card
1142:Tarot pack
1112:uta-garuta
765:Literature
533:References
446:In Unicode
251:, French:
81:, plural:
2090:Paintings
2047:Gilbreath
2037:Shuffling
2003:gambler's
1862:cardistry
1658:Ricky Jay
1598:Lee Asher
1558:C.L. WĂĽst
1441:Dal Negro
1359:Japanese
1228:Nicknames
1042:and decks
956:Beer card
857:Standard
527:Skat deck
522:Pip cards
507:🃒
493:🃂
479:🂲
465:🂢
370:Frankfurt
266:The word
247:(German:
127:wild boar
97:with two
85:) is the
71:‹See Tfd›
2288:Category
1673:Ed Marlo
1476:Nintendo
1446:Fournier
1204:Pip card
1121:Kvitlech
1105:kabufuda
1091:hanafuda
984:Charruan
891:Diamonds
784:(1980).
516:See also
366:Viennese
326:author,
274:, later
144:Tiáşżn lĂŞn
1960:Cutting
1568:Dondorf
1541:Defunct
1532:Grimaud
1527:Bicycle
1491:Piatnik
1471:Modiano
1393:Myriads
1327:Spanish
1323:Italian
1321:Latin (
1286:Shields
1243:Unicode
1137:Russian
1075:ganjapa
1068:Ganjifa
1057:Chinese
752:6 April
502:U+1F0D2
488:U+1F0C2
474:U+1F0B2
460:U+1F0A2
336:Schwein
140:Big two
2194:(1896)
2052:Zarrow
2018:Tenkai
1870:Tricks
1520:Brands
1461:Gemaco
1355:Swords
1350:Batons
1307:Acorns
1268:Leaves
1260:German
1187:knight
1172:Banner
1155:Zi pai
1148:Tujeon
1127:Polish
1084:Karuta
1051:As-Nas
886:Hearts
881:Spades
872:French
792:
716:Tausch
702:Dausch
699:Daus:
504:
490:
476:
462:
436:Deuser
434:(also
432:Däuser
425:Dausch
421:Tausch
405:Dausch
362:ZĂĽrich
286:word,
284:French
278:word,
146:, and
83:Däuser
75:German
2254:Poker
1997:Palms
1501:Trefl
1436:Copag
1345:Coins
1312:Bells
1291:Roses
1278:Swiss
1238:Talon
1223:Joker
1209:deuce
1197:Unter
1177:Blank
1165:Cards
934:Queen
905:Ranks
896:Clubs
746:(PDF)
401:Baden
114:deuce
66:deuce
2042:faro
1860:and
1762:Skat
1383:Cash
1340:Cups
1215:Weli
1192:Ober
946:Jack
929:King
790:ISBN
776:Daus
754:2021
568:Daus
415:The
394:Daus
347:Skat
316:Daus
298:and
296:duos
292:deux
288:daus
268:Daus
204:Daus
103:Daus
99:pips
79:Daus
64:The
912:Ace
633:doi
390:Sau
360:in
300:duo
280:dûs
249:Ass
245:Ace
123:Sau
119:sow
110:ace
95:die
2290::
616:^
603::
541:^
454::
255:)
253:as
206:)
142:,
77::
1333:)
1329:/
1325:/
874:)
870:(
841:e
834:t
827:v
756:.
639:.
635::
121:(
68:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
