Socialism - Knowledge

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Socialism and Anarchism ... Authority, takes many shapes, but, broadly speaking, her enemies divide themselves into three classes: first, those who abhor her both as a means and as an end of progress, opposing her openly, avowedly, sincerely, consistently, universally; second, those who profess to believe in her as a means of progress, but who accept her only so far as they think she will subserve their own selfish interests, denying her and her blessings to the rest of the world; third, those who distrust her as a means of progress, believing in her only as an end to be obtained by first trampling upon, violating, and outraging her. These three phases of opposition to Liberty are met in almost every sphere of thought and human activity. Good representatives of the first are seen in the Catholic Church and the Russian autocracy; of the second, in the Protestant Church and the Manchester school of politics and political economy; of the third, in the atheism of Gambetta and the socialism of Karl Marx."

13380:"What is implied by the term 'libertarian socialism'?: The idea that socialism is first and foremost about freedom and therefore about overcoming the domination, repression, and alienation that block the free flow of human creativity, thought, and action...An approach to socialism that incorporates cultural revolution, women's and children's liberation, and the critique and transformation of daily life, as well as the more traditional concerns of socialist politics. A politics that is completely revolutionary because it seeks to transform all of reality. We do not think that capturing the economy and the state lead automatically to the transformation of the rest of social being, nor do we equate liberation with changing our life-styles and our heads. Capitalism is a total system that invades all areas of life: socialism must be the overcoming of capitalist reality in its entirety, or it is nothing." "What is Libertarian Socialism?" by Ulli Diemer. Volume 2, Number 1 (Summer 1997 issue) of 8024:(1912), p. 79. "Upon what point are orthodox political economy and socialism in absolute conflict? Political economy has held and holds that the economic laws governing the production and distribution of wealth which it has established are natural laws ... not in the sense that they are laws naturally determined by the condition of the social organism (which would be correct), but that they are absolute laws, that is to say that they apply to humanity at all times and in all places, and consequently, that they are immutable in their principal points, though they may be subject to modification in details. Scientific socialism holds, the contrary, that the laws established by classical political economy, since the time of Adam Smith, are laws peculiar to the present period in the history of civilized humanity, and that they are, consequently, laws essentially relative to the period of their analysis and discovery." 6797:, pp. 60–69: "The scholars in camp of democratic socialism believe that China should draw on the Sweden experience, which is suitable not only for the West but also for China. In the post-Mao China, the Chinese intellectuals are confronted with a variety of models. The liberals favor the American model and share the view that the Soviet model has become archaic and should be totally abandoned. Meanwhile, democratic socialism in Sweden provided an alternative model. Its sustained economic development and extensive welfare programs fascinated many. Numerous scholars within the democratic socialist camp argue that China should model itself politically and economically on Sweden, which is viewed as more genuinely socialist than China. There is a growing consensus among them that in the Nordic countries the welfare state has been extraordinarily successful in eliminating poverty." 2410: 6345:, pp. 61–63: "More fundamentally, a socialist society must be one in which the economy is run on the principle of the direct satisfaction of human needs. ... Exchange-value, prices and so money are goals in themselves in a capitalist society or in any market. There is no necessary connection between the accumulation of capital or sums of money and human welfare. Under conditions of backwardness, the spur of money and the accumulation of wealth has led to a massive growth in industry and technology ... . It seems an odd argument to say that a capitalist will only be efficient in producing use-value of a good quality when trying to make more money than the next capitalist. It would seem easier to rely on the planning of use-values in a rational way, which because there is no duplication, would be produced more cheaply and be of a higher quality." 5914:, pp. 1515–1516: "Just as private ownership defines capitalism, social ownership defines socialism. The essential characteristic of socialism in theory is that it destroys social hierarchies, and therefore leads to a politically and economically egalitarian society. Two closely related consequences follow. First, every individual is entitled to an equal ownership share that earns an aliquot part of the total social dividend... Second, in order to eliminate social hierarchy in the workplace, enterprises are run by those employed, and not by the representatives of private or state capital. Thus, the well-known historical tendency of the divorce between ownership and management is brought to an end. The society—i.e. every individual equally—owns capital and those who work are entitled to manage their own economic affairs." 6166:: "Just as private ownership defines capitalism, social ownership defines socialism. The essential characteristic of socialism in theory is that it destroys social hierarchies, and therefore leads to a politically and economically egalitarian society. Two closely related consequences follow. First, every individual is entitled to an equal ownership share that earns an aliquot part of the total social dividend...Second, in order to eliminate social hierarchy in the workplace, enterprises are run by those employed, and not by the representatives of private or state capital. Thus, the well-known historical tendency of the divorce between ownership and management is brought to an end. The society—i.e. every individual equally—owns capital and those who work are entitled to manage their own economic affairs." 4389:

one. According to Christopher Pierson, "f the contrast which 1989 highlights is not that between socialism in the East and liberal democracy in the West, the latter must be recognised to have been shaped, reformed and compromised by a century of social democratic pressure". Pierson further claims that "social democratic and socialist parties within the constitutional arena in the West have almost always been involved in a politics of compromise with existing capitalist institutions (to whatever far distant prize its eyes might from time to time have been lifted)". For Pierson, "if advocates of the death of socialism accept that social democrats belong within the socialist camp, as I think they must, then the contrast between socialism (in all its variants) and liberal democracy must collapse. For

9402:, p. 197: "The sandglass (socialist) model is based on the observation that there are two fundamentally different spheres of activity or decision making. The first is concerned with value judgments, and consequently each individual counts as one in this sphere. In the second, technical decisions are made on the basis of technical competence and expertise. The decisions of the first sphere are policy directives; those of the second, technical directives. The former are based on political authority as exercised by all members of the organisation; the latter, on professional authority specific to each member and growing out of the division of labour. Such an organisation involves a clearly defined coordinating hierarchy but eliminates a power hierarchy." 9414:, p. 197 "The sandglass (socialist) model is based on the observation that there are two fundamentally different spheres of activity or decision making. The first is concerned with value judgments, and consequently each individual counts as one in this sphere. In the second, technical decisions are made on the basis of technical competence and expertise. The decisions of the first sphere are policy directives; those of the second, technical directives. The former are based on political authority as exercised by all members of the organisation; the latter, on professional authority specific to each member and growing out of the division of labour. Such an organisation involves a clearly defined coordinating hierarchy but eliminates a power hierarchy." 1862: 2930:", the upper stage becoming possible only after the socialist stage further develops economic efficiency and the automation of production has led to a superabundance of goods and services. Marx argued that the material productive forces (in industry and commerce) brought into existence by capitalism predicated a cooperative society since production had become a mass social, collective activity of the working class to create commodities but with private ownership (the relations of production or property relations). This conflict between collective effort in large factories and private ownership would bring about a conscious desire in the working class to establish collective ownership commensurate with the collective efforts their daily experience. 10128:, p. 21 "For Walras, socialism would provide the necessary institutions for free competition and social justice. Socialism, in Walras's view, entailed state ownership of land and natural resources and the abolition of income taxes. As owner of land and natural resources, the state could then lease these resources to many individuals and groups, which would eliminate monopolies and thus enable free competition. The leasing of land and natural resources would also provide enough state revenue to make income taxes unnecessary, allowing a worker to invest his savings and become 'an owner or capitalist at the same time that he remains a worker." 2390: 2401: 4141: 5232: 6337:, pp. 175–177: "Especially before the 1930s, many socialists and anti-socialists implicitly accepted some form of the following for the incompatibility of state-owned industry and factor markets. A market transaction is an exchange of property titles between two independent transactors. Thus internal market exchanges cease when all of industry is brought into the ownership of a single entity, whether the state or some other organization, ... the discussion applies equally to any form of social or community ownership, where the owning entity is conceived as a single organization or administration."; 14594:[His most representative work is Walden, published in 1854, although written between 1845 and 1847, when Thoreau decides to settle in the isolation of a cabin in the woods, and live in intimate contact with nature, in a life of solitude and sobriety. From this experience, his philosophy tries to convey to us the idea that a respectful return to nature is necessary, and that happiness is above all the fruit of inner richness and the harmony of individuals with the natural environment. Many have seen in Thoreau one of the forerunners of environmentalism and primitive anarchism represented today by 11779:"Social democrats supported and tried to strengthen the basic institutions of the welfare state—pensions for all, public health care, public education, unemployment insurance. They supported and tried to strengthen the labour movement. The latter, as socialists, argued that capitalism could never be sufficiently humanised, and that trying to suppress the economic contradictions in one area would only see them emerge in a different guise elsewhere. (E.g., if you push unemployment too low, you'll get inflation; if job security is too strong, labour discipline breaks down; etc.)" 3399:

toward social goals. In such an economy, the means of production are owned by society itself and are utilised in a planned fashion. A planned economy, which adjusts production to the needs of the community, would distribute the work to be done among all those able to work and would guarantee a livelihood to every man, woman, and child. The education of the individual, in addition to promoting his own innate abilities, would attempt to develop in him a sense of responsibility for his fellow men in place of the glorification of power and success in our present society.

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actually a planned economy. Instead of conscious planning, the Soviet economy was based on a process whereby the plan was modified by localised agents and the original plans went largely unfulfilled. Planning agencies, ministries and enterprises all adapted and bargained with each other during the formulation of the plan as opposed to following a plan passed down from a higher authority, leading some economists to suggest that planning did not actually take place within the Soviet economy and that a better description would be an "administered" or "managed" economy.

2232: 9097:, p. 20: "According to nineteenth-century socialist views, socialism would function without capitalist economic categories—such as money, prices, interest, profits and rent—and thus would function according to laws other than those described by current economic science. While some socialists recognised the need for money and prices at least during the transition from capitalism to socialism, socialists more commonly believed that the socialist economy would soon administratively mobilise the economy in physical units without the use of prices or money." 2733:

high-pressure advertisement to be sold at a profit, thereby creating rather than satisfying economic demand. Socialists argue that capitalism consists of irrational activity, such as the purchasing of commodities only to sell at a later time when their price appreciates, rather than for consumption, even if the commodity cannot be sold at a profit to individuals in need and therefore a crucial criticism often made by socialists is that "making money", or accumulation of capital, does not correspond to the satisfaction of demand (the production of

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with the concept of individual creative expression. Karl Marx believed that expansion of the productive forces and technology was the basis for the expansion of human freedom and that socialism, being a system that is consistent with modern developments in technology, would enable the flourishing of "free individualities" through the progressive reduction of necessary labour time. The reduction of necessary labour time to a minimum would grant individuals the opportunity to pursue the development of their true individuality and creativity.

10891:, p. 1"Authority is defined in terms of the right to exercise social control (as explored in the "sociology of power") and the correlative duty to obey (as explored in the "philosophy of practical reason"). Anarchism is distinguished, philosophically, by its scepticism towards such moral relations—by its questioning of the claims made for such normative power—and, practically, by its challenge to those "authoritative" powers which cannot justify their claims and which are therefore deemed illegitimate or without moral foundation." 6524:

laborers, and, as a rule, they expect the violent overthrow of existing institutions by revolution to precede the introduction of the socialistic state. I would not, by any means, say that they are all revolutionists, but the most of them undoubtedly are. ... The most general demands of the social democrats are the following: The state should exist exclusively for the laborers; land and capital must become collective property, and production be carried on unitedly. Private competition, in the ordinary sense of the term, is to cease.

9518:"Several authors of the most diverse political views have stated that there is in fact no planning in the Soviet Union: Eugene Zaleski, J. Wilhelm, Hillel Ticktin. They all in their very different ways note the fact that plans are often (usually) unfulfilled, that information flows are distorted, that plan-instructions are the subject of bargaining, that there are many distortions and inconsistencies, indeed that (as many sources attest) plans are frequently altered within the period to which they are supposed to apply ... ." 3253: 27375: 8772: 12310:

likely to see its goal as an Education Dictatorship over the masses—to Do Them Good, of course—the dictatorship being exercised by an elite party which suppresses all control from below, or by benevolent despots or Savior-Leaders of some kind, or by Shaw's "Supermen," by eugenic manipulators, by Proudhon's "anarchist" managers or Saint-Simon's technocrats or their more modern equivalents—with up-to-date terms and new verbal screens which can be hailed as fresh social theory as against "nineteenth-century Marxism.

6333:, p. 20: "socialism would function without capitalist economic categories—such as money, prices, interest, profits and rent—and thus would function according to laws other than those described by current economic science. While some socialists recognised the need for money and prices at least during the transition from capitalism to socialism, socialists more commonly believed that the socialist economy would soon administratively mobilise the economy in physical units without the use of prices or money."; 6604:, p. 57: "Over the long term, however, democratizing Sweden's political system was seen to be important not merely as a means but also as an end in itself. Achieving democracy was crucial not only because it would increase the power of the SAP in the Swedish political system but also because it was the form socialism would take once it arrived. Political, economic, and social equality went hand in hand, according to the SAP, and were all equally important characteristics of the future socialist society."; 2381: 5617: 26054: 27339: 20025: 1538: 5635: 2622:(AEI) argued that despite socialism's resurgence, it is still "a flawed system based on completely faulty principles that aren't consistent with human behavior and can't nurture the human spirit.", adding that "While it promised prosperity, equality, and security, it delivered poverty, misery, and tyranny." Some in the scientific community have suggested that a contemporary radical response to social and ecological problems could be seen in the emergence of movements associated with 4344:, anarchism is one of the many traditions of socialism. For anarchists and other anti-authoritarian socialists, socialism "can only mean a classless and anti-authoritarian (i.e. libertarian) society in which people manage their own affairs, either as individuals or as part of a group (depending on the situation). In other words, it implies self-management in all aspects of life", including at the workplace. Michael Newman includes anarchism as one of many socialist traditions. 27524: 3698: 27399: 26066: 19988: 10927:'s anti-authoritarianism and shows opposition to both state and non-state forms of authority as follows: "All anarchists deny authority; many of them fight against it." (p. 9) ... Bakunin did not convert the League's central committee to his full program, but he did persuade them to accept a remarkably radical recommendation to the Bern Congress of September 1868, demanding economic equality and implicitly attacking authority in both Church and State." 3418: 6793:, pp. 125–127: "Sweden, Great Britain, and France have mixed economies, sometimes referred to as democratic socialism—an economic and political system that combines private ownership of some of the means of production, governmental distribution of some essential goods and services, and free elections. For example, government ownership in Sweden is limited primarily to railroads, mineral resources, a public bank, and liquor and tobacco operations."; 5126: 2691: 3758: 7468:, IV.7.21. "The form of association, however, which if mankind continue to improve, must be expected in the end to predominate, is not that which can exist between a capitalist as chief, and work-people without a voice in the management, but the association of the labourers themselves on terms of equality, collectively owning the capital with which they carry on their operations, and working under managers elected and removable by themselves." 2963:. In contrast to Karl Marx's perspective of the state, Lassalle rejected the concept of the state as a class-based power structure whose main function was to preserve existing class structures. Lassalle also rejected the Marxist view that the state was destined to "wither away". Lassalle considered the state to be an entity independent of class allegiances and an instrument of justice that would therefore be essential for achieving socialism. 27387: 27363: 27439: 5626: 27490: 4058: 6361:: "This understanding of socialism was held not just by revolutionary Marxist socialists but also by evolutionary socialists, Christian socialists, and even anarchists. At that time, there was also wide agreement about the basic institutions of the future socialist system: public ownership instead of private ownership of the means of production, economic planning instead of market forces, production for use instead of for profit."; 92: 27507: 27473: 4816: 27541: 27411: 4716:

varieties of socialism from above, among them "Philanthropism", "Elitism", "Pannism", "Communism", "Permeationism" and "Socialism-from-Outside". According to Arthur Lipow, Marx and Engels were "the founders of modern revolutionary democratic socialism", described as a form of "socialism from below" that is "based on a mass working-class movement, fighting from below for the extension of democracy and human freedom". This

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inherently vague. It is nevertheless associated with the following views: (1) capitalism is the only reliable means of generating wealth, but it is a morally defective means of distributing wealth because of its tendency towards poverty and inequality; (2) the defects of the capitalist system can be rectified through economic and social intervention, the state being the custodian of the public interest ... .

27456: 6365:: "Socialism has historically been committed to the improvement of people's material standards of living. Indeed, in earlier days many socialists saw the promotion of improving material living standards as the primary basis for socialism's claim to superiority over capitalism, for socialism was to overcome the irrationality and inefficiency seen as endemic to a capitalist system of economic organization."; 4502: 6504:, p. 2: "In fact, socialism has been both centralist and local; organized from above and built from below; visionary and pragmatic; revolutionary and reformist; anti-state and statist; internationalist and nationalist; harnessed to political parties and shunning them; an outgrowth of trade unionism and independent of it; a feature of rich industrialized countries and poor peasant-based communities." 3560:

technical knowledge in the workplace remains. Every member would have decision-making power in the firm and would be able to participate in establishing its overall policy objectives. The policies/goals would be carried out by the technical specialists that form the coordinating hierarchy of the firm, who would establish plans or directives for the work community to accomplish these goals.

4467:. Common social democratic policies include universal social rights and universally accessible public services such as education, health care, workers' compensation and other services, including child care and elder care. Social democracy supports the trade union labour movement and supports collective bargaining rights for workers. Most social democratic parties are affiliated with the 5262:, true freedom could only occur without suppressing passions, as the suppression of passions is not only destructive to the individual, but to society as a whole. Writing before the advent of the term "homosexuality", Fourier recognised that both men and women have a wide range of sexual needs and preferences which may change throughout their lives, including same-sex sexuality and 6632:, p. 2423: "Social democracy refers to a political tendency resting on three fundamental features: (1) democracy (e.g., equal rights to vote and form parties), (2) an economy partly regulated by the state (e.g., through Keynesianism), and (3) a welfare state offering social support to those in need (e.g., equal rights to education, health service, employment and pensions)." 4483:

insurance as well as other practical, progressive reforms of capitalism and are more concerned to administrate and humanise it. On the other hand, democratic socialists seek to replace capitalism with a socialist economic system, arguing that any attempt to humanise capitalism through regulations and welfare policies would distort the market and create economic contradictions.

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worse off after 1989. In no country did more than 47 per cent of those surveyed agree that their lives improved after the advent of free markets. Subsequent polls and qualitative research across Russia and eastern Europe confirm the persistence of these sentiments as popular discontent with the failed promises of free-market prosperity has grown, especially among older people.

13200:"Therefore, rather than being an oxymoron, "libertarian socialism" indicates that true socialism must be libertarian and that a libertarian who is not a socialist is a phoney. As true socialists oppose wage labour, they must also oppose the state for the same reasons. Similarly, libertarians must oppose wage labour for the same reasons they must oppose the state." 2706:, values, cultural traits and economic practices are social creations and not the result of an immutable natural law. The object of their critique is thus not human avarice or human consciousness, but the material conditions and man-made social systems (i.e. the economic structure of society) which give rise to observed social problems and inefficiencies. 3811:, wherein the economy is planned by decentralised councils of workers and consumers. Workers would be remunerated solely according to effort and sacrifice, so that those engaged in dangerous, uncomfortable and strenuous work would receive the highest incomes and could thereby work less. A contemporary model for a self-managed, non-market socialism is 2737:). The fundamental criterion for economic activity in capitalism is the accumulation of capital for reinvestment in production, but this spurs the development of new, non-productive industries that do not produce use-value and only exist to keep the accumulation process afloat (otherwise the system goes into crisis), such as the spread of the 4113:

most of China's economic growth. The Chinese economic model is widely cited as a contemporary form of state capitalism, the major difference between Western capitalism and the Chinese model being the degree of state-ownership of shares in publicly listed corporations. The Socialist Republic of Vietnam has adopted a similar model after the

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transmitirnos la idea que resulta necesario un retorno respetuoso a la naturaleza, y que la felicidad es sobre todo fruto de la riqueza interior y de la armonía de los individuos con el entorno natural. Muchos han visto en Thoreau a uno de los precursores del ecologismo y del anarquismo primitivista representado en la actualidad por

2710:, often considered to be the father of analytic philosophy, identified as a socialist. Russell opposed the class struggle aspects of Marxism, viewing socialism solely as an adjustment of economic relations to accommodate modern machine production to benefit all of humanity through the progressive reduction of necessary work time. 11582:...amongst the developed capitalist countries, the social democracies with generous welfare states (i.e., Scandinavia) have superior health outcomes to neo-liberal states like the US. Poverty alleviation and gains in human health have historically been linked to socialist political movements and public action, not to capitalism. 4923:

well-organised society, all of these things must be systematically accomplished by means of parallel federations, vertically united at the highest levels, constituting one vast organism in which all economic functions will be performed in solidarity with all others and that will permanently preserve the necessary cohesion".

3946:, either as a transitional stage between capitalism and socialism, or as an end-goal in itself. Typically, it refers to a form of technocratic management, whereby technical specialists administer or manage economic enterprises on behalf of society and the public interest instead of workers' councils or workplace democracy. 6369:, p. 12: "Socialism is a system based upon de facto public or social ownership of the means of production, the abolition of a hierarchical division of labor in the enterprise, a consciously organized social division of labor. Under socialism, money, competitive pricing, and profit-loss accounting would be destroyed." 6739:, p. 5: "Chapter 1 looks at the foundations of the doctrine by examining the contribution made by various traditions of socialism in the period between the early 19th century and the aftermath of the First World War. The two forms that emerged as dominant by the early 1920s were social democracy and communism." 3492:, and others not specifically advancing anti-socialists positions have shown that prevailing economic models upon which such democratic or market socialism models might be based have logical flaws or unworkable presuppositions. These criticisms have been incorporated into the models of market socialism developed by 4023:. The profit generated would be used to directly remunerate employees, collectively sustain the enterprise or finance public institutions. In state-oriented forms of market socialism, in which state enterprises attempt to maximise profit, the profits can be used to fund government programs and services through a 5772:, claiming them as an indictment of socialism. Opponents of this view, including supporters of socialism, state that these killings were aberrations caused by specific authoritarian regimes, and not caused by socialism itself, and draw comparisons to killings, famines and excess deaths under capitalism, 13500:

socialism of Robert Owen and Charles Fourier. After success of his British venture, Owen himself established a cooperative community within the United States at New Harmony, Indiana during 1825. One member of this commune was Josiah Warren (1798–1874), considered to be the first individualist anarchist"

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of the working class. It, therefore, did not need to organise the people for the revolution. The people were expected to play their part only at the moment of revolution. Preparation for the revolution concerned only the little group of revolutionists armed for the coup. Indeed, to assure the success

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By 1888, the term 'socialism' was in general use among Marxists, who had dropped 'communism', now considered an old fashioned term meaning the same as 'socialism'. ... At the turn of the century, Marxists called themselves socialists. ... The definition of socialism and communism as successive stages

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were willing to vote for a socialist candidate and 50% of this same demographic had a somewhat or very unfavourable view of capitalism. Subsequently, another 2021 Axios poll found that 51% of 18-34 US adults had a positive view of socialism. Yet, 41% of Americans more generally had a positive view of

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poll found that 50% of the respondents globally strongly or somewhat agreed that present socialist values were of great value for societal progress. In China this was 84%, India 72%, Malaysia 62%, Turkey 62%, South Africa 57%, Brazil 57%, Russia 55%, Spain 54%, Argentina 52%, Mexico 51%, Saudi Arabia

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by and for the working class. Democratic socialism is difficult to define and groups of scholars have radically different definitions for the term. Some definitions simply refer to all forms of socialism that follow an electoral, reformist or evolutionary path to socialism rather than a revolutionary

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mainly engaged in commodity production and light industry responsible from anywhere between 33% to over 70% of GDP generated in 2005. Although there has been a rapid expansion of private-sector activity since the 1980s, privatisation of state assets was virtually halted and were partially reversed in

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is used in two different ways. One has no intention of bringing about socialism or fundamental economic change to society and is used to oppose such structural changes. The other is based on the assumption that while reforms are not socialist in themselves, they can help rally supporters to the cause

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and other early socialists. Visions of imaginary ideal societies, which competed with revolutionary social democratic movements, were viewed as not being grounded in the material conditions of society and as reactionary. Although it is technically possible for any set of ideas or any person living at

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At a certain stage of development, the material productive forces of society come into conflict with the existing relations of production or—this merely expresses the same thing in legal terms—with the property relations within the framework of which they have operated hitherto. Then begins an era of

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is the only way to overcome these deficiencies. Socialists and specifically Marxian socialists argue that the inherent conflict of interests between the working class and capital prevent optimal use of available human resources and leads to contradictory interest groups (labour and business) striving

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A 2009 poll in eight east European countries asked if the economic situation for ordinary people was 'better, worse or about the same as it was under communism'. The results stunned observers: 72 per cent of Hungarians, and 62 per cent of both Ukrainians and Bulgarians believed that most people were

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Extreme equality overlooks the diversity of individual talents, tastes and needs, and save in a utopian society of unselfish individuals would entail strong coercion; but even short of this goal, there is the problem of giving reasonable recognition to different individual needs, tastes (for work or

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Anarchist Peter Sabatini reports that in the United States "of early to mid-19th century, there appeared an array of communal and "utopian" counterculture groups (including the so-called free love movement). William Godwin's anarchism exerted an ideological influence on some of this, but more so the

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We have mentioned several cases of this conviction that socialism is the business of a new ruling minority, non-capitalist in nature and therefore guaranteed pure, imposing its own domination either temporarily (for a mere historical era) or even permanently. In either case, this new ruling class is

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That is why Anarchy, when it works to destroy authority in all its aspects, when it demands the abrogation of laws and the abolition of the mechanism that serves to impose them, when it refuses all hierarchical organisation and preaches free agreement—at the same time strives to maintain and enlarge

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Market socialism is a general designation for a number of models of economic systems. On the one hand, the market mechanism is utilised to distribute economic output, to organise production and to allocate factor inputs. On the other hand, the economic surplus accrues to society at large rather than

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The free development of individualities, and hence not the reduction of necessary labour time so as to posit surplus labour, but rather the general reduction of the necessary labour of society to a minimum, which then corresponds to the artistic, scientific etc. development of the individuals in the

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Social democrats forms the extreme wing of the socialists ... inclined to lay so much stress on equality of enjoyment, regardless of the value of one's labor, that they might, perhaps, more properly be called communists. ... They have two distinguishing characteristics. The vast majority of them are

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A society may be defined as socialist if the major part of the means of production of goods and services is in some sense socially owned and operated, by state, socialised or cooperative enterprises. The practical issues of socialism comprise the relationships between management and workforce within

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notes that even if central planning overcame its inherent inhibitions of incentives and innovation, it would nevertheless be unable to maximize economic democracy and self-management, which he believes are concepts that are more intellectually coherent, consistent and just than mainstream notions of

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held positions contrary to central planning. Leon Trotsky rejected central planning in favour of decentralised planning. He argued that central planners, regardless of their intellectual capacity, would be unable to coordinate effectively all economic activity within an economy because they operated

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The economic anarchy of capitalist society as it exists today is, in my opinion, the real source of the evil. ... I am convinced there is only one way to eliminate these grave evils, namely through the establishment of a socialist economy, accompanied by an educational system which would be oriented

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Excessive disparities in income distribution lead to social instability and require costly corrective measures in the form of redistributive taxation, which incurs heavy administrative costs while weakening the incentive to work, inviting dishonesty and increasing the likelihood of tax evasion while

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While the precise number of deaths is sensitive to the assumptions we make about baseline mortality, it is clear that somewhere in the vicinity of 100 million people died prematurely at the height of British colonialism. This is among the largest policy-induced mortality crises in human history. It

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Socialist writers of the nineteenth century proposed socialist arrangements for sharing as a response to the inequality and poverty of the industrial revolution. English socialist Robert Owen proposed that ownership and production take place in cooperatives, where all members shared equally. French

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Socialists have always recognized that there are many possible forms of social ownership of which co-operative ownership is one...Nevertheless, socialism has throughout its history been inseparable from some form of common ownership. By its very nature it involves the abolition of private ownership

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You can't talk about ending the slums without first saying profit must be taken out of slums. You're really tampering and getting on dangerous ground because you are messing with folk then. You are messing with captains of industry. Now this means that we are treading in difficult water, because it

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rejected the association of socialism and social ownership with state ownership over the means of production because the state as it exists in its current form is a product of capitalist society and cannot be transplanted to a different institutional framework. Schumpeter argued that there would be

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Socialists view creativity as an essential aspect of human nature and define freedom as a state of being where individuals are able to express their creativity unhindered by constraints of both material scarcity and coercive social institutions. The socialist concept of individuality is intertwined

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Libertarian socialism, furthermore, does not limit its aims to democratic control by producers over production, but seeks to abolish all forms of domination and hierarchy in every aspect of social and personal life, an unending struggle, since progress in achieving a more just society will lead to

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Anarchism, then, really stands for the liberation of the human mind from the dominion of religion; the liberation of the human body from the dominion of property; liberation from the shackles and restraint of government. Anarchism stands for a social order based on the free grouping of individuals

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It should not be forgotten, however, that in the period of the Second International, some of the reformist currents of Marxism, as well as some of the extreme left-wing ones, not to speak of the anarchist groups, had already criticised the view that State ownership and central planning is the best

4474:

Modern democratic socialism is a broad political movement that seeks to promote the ideals of socialism within the context of a democratic system. Some democratic socialists support social democracy as a temporary measure to reform the current system while others reject reformism in favour of more

4332:

in his essay on "State Socialism and Anarchism". According to Lesigne, there are two types of socialism: "One is dictatorial, the other libertarian". Tucker's two socialisms were the authoritarian state socialism which he associated to the Marxist school and the libertarian anarchist socialism, or

4112:

state-owned enterprises that report directly to China's central government. By 2008, these state-owned corporations had become increasingly dynamic and generated large increases in revenue for the state, resulting in a state-sector led recovery during the 2009 financial crises while accounting for

3433:

Socialist economics starts from the premise that "individuals do not live or work in isolation but live in cooperation with one another. Furthermore, everything that people produce is in some sense a social product, and everyone who contributes to the production of a good is entitled to a share in

3087:

stance, believing that revolution should be spontaneous as a result of contradictions in society due to technological changes in the productive forces. Lenin theorised that under capitalism the workers cannot achieve class consciousness beyond organising into trade unions and making demands of the

13486:

French individualist anarchist Émile Armand shows clearly opposition to capitalism and centralised economies when he said that the individualist anarchist "inwardly he remains refractory—fatally refractory—morally, intellectually, economically (The capitalist economy and the directed economy, the

7267:

The decisive distinction between socialist and communist, as in one sense these terms are now ordinarily used, came with the renaming, in 1918, of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks) as the All-Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks). From that time on, a distinction of socialist

6456:

Market socialism is the general designation for a number of models of economic systems. On the one hand, the market mechanism is utilized to distribute economic output, to organize production and to allocate factor inputs. On the other hand, the economic surplus accrues to society at large rather

4715:

were devoutly opposed to any socialist institution that was "conducive to superstitious authoritarianism". Draper makes the argument that this division echoes the division between "reformist or revolutionary, peaceful or violent, democratic or authoritarian, etc." and further identifies six major

4482:

The two movements are widely similar both in terminology and in ideology, although there are a few key differences. The major difference between social democracy and democratic socialism is the object of their politics in that contemporary social democrats support a welfare state and unemployment

2982:

criticised the idea of using the state to conduct central planning and own the means of production as a way to establish socialism. Following the victory of Leninism in Russia, the idea of "state socialism" spread rapidly throughout the socialist movement and eventually state socialism came to be

14587:

Su obra más representativa es Walden, aparecida en 1854, aunque redactada entre 1845 y 1847, cuando Thoreau decide instalarse en el aislamiento de una cabaña en el bosque, y vivir en íntimo contacto con la naturaleza, en una vida de soledad y sobriedad. De esta experiencia, su filosofía trata de

8503:

But there are still others (concepts and institutions) which by virtue of their nature cannot stand transplantation and always carry the flavor of a particular institutional framework. It is extremely dangerous, in fact it amounts to a distortion of historical description, to use them beyond the

5753:

Critics of socialism have argued that in any society where everyone holds equal wealth, there can be no material incentive to work because one does not receive rewards for a work well done. They further argue that incentives increase productivity for all people and that the loss of those effects

5379:

who favoured the domination of nature, eco-socialists revisited Marx's writings and believe that he "was a main originator of the ecological world-view". Marx discussed a "metabolic rift" between man and nature, stating that "private ownership of the globe by single individuals will appear quite

4172:

as an epithet, including against individuals who do not consider themselves to be socialists and against policies that are not considered socialist by their proponents. While there are many variations of socialism, and there is no single definition encapsulating all of socialism, there have been

3272:, Trotsky examined aesthetic issues in relation to class and the Russian revolution. Soviet scholar Robert Bird considered his work as the "first systematic treatment of art by a Communist leader" and a catalyst for later, Marxist cultural and critical theories. He would later co-author the 1938 3127:

The debate on the ability for social democratic reformism to lead to a socialist transformation of society is over a century old. Reformism is criticized for being paradoxical as it seeks to overcome the existing economic system of capitalism while trying to improve the conditions of capitalism,

12128:

and Blanquism is reduced to the observation that in place of a handful of conspirators we have a class-conscious proletariat. He forgets that this difference implies a complete revision of our ideas on organisation and, therefore, an entirely different conception of centralism and the relations

7154:

Modern usage began to settle from the 1860s, and in spite of the earlier variations and distinctions it was socialist and socialism which came through as the predominant words ... Communist, in spite of the distinction that had been made in the 1840s, was very much less used, and parties in the

4512:

Ethical socialism appeals to socialism on ethical and moral grounds as opposed to economic, egoistic, and consumeristic grounds. It emphasizes the need for a morally conscious economy based upon the principles of altruism, cooperation, and social justice while opposing possessive individualism.

4220:

states that all socialists share five themes: the first is that socialism posits that society is more than a mere collection of individuals; second, that it considers human welfare a desirable objective; third, that it considers humans by nature to be active and productive; fourth, it holds the

3591:

argued that money could not be arbitrarily abolished following a socialist revolution. Money had to exhaust its "historic mission", meaning it would have to be used until its function became redundant, eventually being transformed into bookkeeping receipts for statisticians and only in the more

10900:

Individualist anarchist Benjamin Tucker defined anarchism as opposition to authority as follows "They found that they must turn either to the right or to the left,—follow either the path of Authority or the path of Liberty. Marx went one way; Warren and Proudhon the other. Thus were born State

4720:

is contrasted to that of the "authoritarian, anti-democratic creed" and "the various totalitarian collectivist ideologies which claim the title of socialism" as well as "the many varieties of 'socialism from above' which have led in the twentieth century to movements and state forms in which a

3038:

any time in history to be a utopian socialist, the term is most often applied to those socialists who lived in the first quarter of the 19th century who were ascribed the label "utopian" by later socialists as a negative term to imply naivete and dismiss their ideas as fanciful or unrealistic.

3635:

are further classified as "command economies", which are defined as systems where economic coordination is undertaken by commands, directives and production targets. Studies by economists of various political persuasions on the actual functioning of the Soviet economy indicate that it was not

3559:

Management and control over the activities of enterprises are based on self-management and self-governance, with equal power-relations in the workplace to maximise occupational autonomy. A socialist form of organisation would eliminate controlling hierarchies so that only a hierarchy based on

6585:

Social democracy is an ideological stance that supports a broad balance between market capitalism, on the one hand, and state intervention, on the other hand. Being based on a compromise between the market and the state, social democracy lacks a systematic underlying theory and is, arguably,

6489:

At the heart of the market socialist model is the abolition of the large-scale private ownership of capital and its replacement by some form of 'social ownership'. Even the most conservative accounts of market socialism insist that this abolition of large-scale holdings of private capital is

2701:

The fundamental objective of socialism is to attain an advanced level of material production and therefore greater productivity, efficiency and rationality as compared to capitalism and all previous systems, under the view that an expansion of human productive capability is the basis for the

13457:

It is forgotten that the early defenders of commercial society like Smith were as much concerned with criticising the associational blocks to mobile labour represented by guilds as they were to the activities of the state. The history of socialist thought includes a long associational and

5596:

published findings which found that 42% of Canadians viewed socialism as the ideal system compared to 43% of British respondents, 40% Australian respondents and 31% American respondents. Overall support for socialism ranged from 50% of Canadians 18-24 year olds to 28% of Canadians over 55.

4922:

We therefore foresee a Society in which all activities will be coordinated, a structure that has, at the same time, sufficient flexibility to permit the greatest possible autonomy for social life, or for the life of each enterprise, and enough cohesiveness to prevent all disorder. ... In a

3949:

A state-directed economy may refer to a type of mixed economy consisting of public ownership over large industries, as promoted by various Social democratic political parties during the 20th century. This ideology influenced the policies of the British Labour Party during Clement Attlee's

2732:

Socialists argue that the accumulation of capital generates waste through externalities that require costly corrective regulatory measures. They also point out that this process generates wasteful industries and practices that exist only to generate sufficient demand for products such as

9968:

The disappearances of slaves and masters and lords and serfs would now be replicated by the disappearance of capitalists and workers. Such oppositional categories would no longer apply to the relationships of production, Instead, workers would become their own collective bosses. The two

6318:

There are many forms of socialism, all of which eliminate private ownership of capital and replace it with collective ownership. These many forms, all focused on advancing distributive justice for long-term social welfare, can be divided into two broad types of socialism: nonmarket and

5938:, p. 87: "This alteration in the relationship between economy and politics is evident in the very definition of a socialist economic system. The basic characteristic of such a system is generally reckoned to be the predominance of the social ownership of the means of production." 4333:

simply anarchism, that he advocated. Tucker noted that the fact that the authoritarian "State Socialism has overshadowed other forms of Socialism gives it no right to a monopoly of the Socialistic idea". According to Tucker, what those two schools of socialism had in common was the

1790:

and social democracy had become the two dominant political tendencies within the international socialist movement, with socialism itself becoming the most influential secular movement of the 20th century. Many socialists also adopted the causes of other social movements, such as

7268:

from communist, often with supporting definitions such as social democrat or democratic socialist, became widely current, although it is significant that all communist parties, in line with earlier usage, continued to describe themselves as socialist and dedicated to socialism.

3614:

provided a comprehensive theoretical framework for a planned socialist economy. In his model, assuming perfect computation techniques, simultaneous equations relating inputs and outputs to ratios of equivalence would provide appropriate valuations to balance supply and demand.

8504:

social world or culture whose denizens they are. Now ownership or property—also, so I believe, taxation—are such denizens of the world of commercial society, exactly as knights and fiefs are denizens of the feudal world. But so is the state (a denizen of commercial society).

8337:

Socialists complain that capitalism necessarily leads to unfair and exploitative concentrations of wealth and power in the hands of the relative few who emerge victorious from free-market competition—people who then use their wealth and power to reinforce their dominance in

9630:

One finds favorable opinions of cooperatives also among other great economists of the past, such as, for example, John Stuart Mill and Alfred Marshall...In eliminating the domination of capital over labour, firms run by workers eliminate capitalist exploitation and reduce

7449:

Mill, in contrast, advances a form of liberal democratic socialism for the enlargement of freedom as well as to realise social and distributive justice. He offers a powerful account of economic injustice and justice that is centered on his understanding of freedom and its

4475:

revolutionary methods. Modern social democracy emphasises a program of gradual legislative modification of capitalism to make it more equitable and humane while the theoretical end goal of building a socialist society is relegated to the indefinite future. According to

5323:

reports that "s Marxists the founders of the group believed that the injustice and oppression which they suffered stemmed from relationships deeply embedded in the structure of American society". Emerging from events such as the May 1968 insurrection in France, the

4348:

argues that "n general anarchism is closer to socialism than liberalism. ... Anarchism finds itself largely in the socialist camp, but it also has outriders in liberalism. It cannot be reduced to socialism, and is best seen as a separate and distinctive doctrine."

1904:

that emphasized the moral worth of the individual while stressing that people act or should act as if they are in isolation from one another. The original utopian socialists condemned this doctrine of individualism for failing to address social concerns during the

2884:

by overthrowing ownership of the means of production by capitalists and consequently, overthrowing the state that upheld this economic order. For Marx and Engels, conditions determine consciousness and ending the role of the capitalist class leads eventually to a

5677:, "The Right condemned socialism as violating individual rights to private property and unleashing monstrous forms of state oppression", while "the Left saw it as opening up new vistas of social equality, genuine freedom and the development of human potentials." 3547:

and the market exchange as natural entities or moral rights which are central to their conceptions of freedom and liberty and view the economic dynamics of capitalism as immutable and absolute, therefore they perceive public ownership of the means of production,

2610:, argued that the appeal of socialism persists due to the inequality and "tremendous suffering" under current global capitalism, the use of wage labor "which rests on the exploitation and domination of humans by other humans," and ecological crises, such as 13187:"unlike other socialists, they tend to see (to various different degrees, depending on the thinker) to be skeptical of centralised state intervention as the solution to capitalist exploitation..." Roderick T. Long. "Toward a libertarian theory of class." 4941:

As part of the larger socialist movement, it seeks to distinguish itself from Bolshevism, Leninism and Marxism–Leninism as well as social democracy. Past and present political philosophies and movements commonly described as libertarian socialist include

3717:

A self-managed, decentralised economy is based on autonomous self-regulating economic units and a decentralised mechanism of resource allocation and decision-making. This model has found support in notable classical and neoclassical economists including

9441:

Having lost its ability to bring happiness or trample men in the dust, money will turn into mere bookkeeping receipts for the convenience of statisticians and for planning purposes. In the still more distant future, probably these receipts will not be

6357:, p. 13: "Under socialism, by definition, it (private property and factor markets) would be eliminated. There would then be something like 'scientific management', 'the science of socially organized production', but it would not be economics."; 3993:, whereas the nationalisation of the coal mines in 1947 created a coal board charged with running the coal industry commercially so as to be able to meet the interest payable on the bonds which the former mine owners' shares had been converted into. 3829:

to the capitalist economy and centrally planned economy that is based on collaborative self-management, common ownership of resources and the production of use-values through the free cooperation of producers who have access to distributed capital.

5908:–8: "What else does a socialist economic system involve? Those who favor socialism generally speak of social ownership, social control, or socialization of the means of production as the distinctive positive feature of a socialist economic system." 2789:, resulting in reduced incentives for capitalists to invest in more production. In essence, social welfare policies cripple capitalism and its incentive system and are thus unsustainable in the long run. Marxists argue that the establishment of a 3883:

based on market-based allocation, social ownership of the means of production and self-management within firms. This system substituted Yugoslavia's Soviet-type central planning with a decentralised, self-managed system after reforms in 1953.

5764:

argued that the absence of private economic activity would enable political leaders to grant themselves coercive powers, powers that, under a capitalist system, would instead be granted by a capitalist class, which Friedman found preferable.

3626:

of the 20th century, where it was combined with a single-party political system. In a centrally planned economy, decisions regarding the quantity of goods and services to be produced are planned in advance by a planning agency (see also the

13228:"So, libertarian socialism rejects the idea of state ownership and control of the economy, along with the state as such. Through workers' self-management it proposes to bring an end to authority, exploitation, and hierarchy in production." 4886:

structures of political organisation. Libertarian socialism asserts that a society based on freedom and equality can be achieved through abolishing authoritarian institutions that control production. Libertarian socialists generally prefer

3463:

refers to an array of different economic theories and systems that use the market mechanism to organise production and to allocate factor inputs among socially owned enterprises, with the economic surplus (profits) accruing to society in a

6490:

essential. This requirement is fully consistent with the market socialists' general claim that the vices of market capitalism lie not with the institutions of the market but with (the consequences of) the private ownership of capital ... .

2294:

argued socialism requires that the "main streams of economic activity are brought under public direction", with an economic plan and workers' democracy. Some argued that capitalism had been abolished. Socialist governments established the

10573:"In a society developed on these lines, the voluntary associations which already now begin to cover all the fields of human activity would take a still greater extension so as to substitute themselves for the state in all its functions." 6612:, p. 77: "... Giorgio Napolitano launched a medium-term programme, 'which tended to justify the governmental deflationary policies, and asked for the understanding of the workers, since any economic recovery would be linked with the 3078:

Revolutionary socialists believe that a social revolution is necessary to effect structural changes to the socioeconomic structure of society. Among revolutionary socialists there are differences in strategy, theory and the definition of

4703:. The idea of socialism from above is much more frequently discussed in elite circles than socialism from below—even if that is the Marxist ideal—because it is more practical. Draper viewed socialism from below as being the purer, more 2768:

of these socialised assets. Private ownership imposes constraints on planning, leading to uncoordinated economic decisions that result in business fluctuations, unemployment and a tremendous waste of material resources during crisis of

4184:

and control of capital—as being the cause of poverty, low wages, unemployment, economic and social inequality and a lack of economic security; a general view that the solution to these problems is a form of collective control over the

1838:" politics, remaining committed to equality and welfare, while abandoning public ownership and class-based politics. Socialism experienced a resurgence in popularity in the 2010s, most prominently in the form of democratic socialism. 5523:

51%, Sweden 49%, Canada 49%, Great Britain 49%, Australia 49%, Poland 48%, Chile 48%, South Korea 48%, Peru 48%, Italy 47%, Serbia 47%, Germany 45%, Belgium 44%, Romania 40%, United States 39%, France 31%, Hungary 28% and Japan 21%.

5504: 3053:

based on socialist ideas could also be categorised as "utopian socialist". For Marxists, the development of capitalism in Western Europe provided a material basis for the possibility of bringing about socialism because according to

2144:(1848), Mill posited that "as far as economic theory was concerned, there is nothing in principle in economic theory that precludes an economic order based on socialist policies" and promoted substituting capitalist businesses with 4117:

economic renovation but slightly differs from the Chinese model in that the Vietnamese government retains firm control over the state sector and strategic industries, but allows for private-sector activity in commodity production.

13406:

for the purpose of producing real social wealth; an order that will guarantee to every human being free access to the earth and full enjoyment of the necessities of life, according to individual desires, tastes, and inclinations.

6034:

of capital; bringing the means of production, distribution, and exchange into public ownership and control is central to its philosophy. It is difficult to see how it can survive, in theory or practice, without this central idea.

5969:

3239:, as well as entry into the cultural sphere, but that the process of artistic creation in terms of language and presentation should be the domain of the practitioner. According to political scientist Baruch Knei-Paz in his book 3002:

and taxation, were concepts exclusive to commercial society (capitalism) and attempting to place them within the context of a future socialist society would amount to a distortion of these concepts by using them out of context.

6150:, p. 2456: "Socialist systems are those regimes based on the economic and political theory of socialism, which advocates public ownership and cooperative management of the means of production and allocation of resources." 5926:, p. 2456: "Socialist systems are those regimes based on the economic and political theory of socialism, which advocates public ownership and cooperative management of the means of production and allocation of resources." 1913:. They viewed their society as harming community life by basing society on competition. They presented socialism as an alternative to liberal individualism based on the shared ownership of resources. Saint-Simon proposed 14592:. Para George Woodcock, esta actitud puede estar también motivada por una cierta idea de resistencia al progreso y de rechazo al materialismo creciente que caracteriza la sociedad norteamericana de mediados de siglo XIX. 7215:

was introduced into Marxist theory by Lenin in 1917. ... the new distinction was helpful to Lenin in defending his party against the traditional Marxist criticism that Russia was too backward for a socialist revolution.

3100:

is not necessarily defined by revolutionary socialists as violent insurrection, but as a complete dismantling and rapid transformation of all areas of class society led by the majority of the masses: the working class.

14047:

Desbazeille, Michèle Madonna (1990). "Le Nouveau Monde amoureux de Charles Fourier: une écriture passionnée de la rencontre" [The New World in Love with Charles Fourier: A Passionate Writing of the Encounter].

8475:

road to socialism. But with the victory of Leninism in Russia, all dissent was silenced, and socialism became identified with 'democratic centralism', 'central planning', and State ownership of the means of production.

2741:, contributing to the formation of economic bubbles. Such accumulation and reinvestment, when it demands a constant rate of profit, causes problems if the earnings in the rest of society do not increase in proportion. 3815:'s model of negotiated coordination. Negotiated coordination is based upon social ownership by those affected by the use of the assets involved, with decisions made by those at the most localised level of production. 14598:. For George Woodcock, this attitude may also be motivated by a certain idea of resistance to progress and rejection of the growing materialism that characterizes American society in the mid-nineteenth century.] 4421:

as "hybrid economics", an active collaboration of capitalist and socialist visions. Some studies and surveys indicate that people tend to live happier and healthier lives in social democratic societies rather than

15623: 6809:: "Nordic nations—and especially Sweden—did embrace socialism between around 1970 and 1990. During the past 30 years, however, both conservative and social democratic-led governments have moved toward the center." 1715:; organised through political parties and opposed to party politics; at times overlapping with trade unions and other times independent and critical of them, and present in industrialised and developing nations. 4416:

schemes, support for publicly financed public services and a mixed economy. It is often used in this manner to refer to Western and Northern Europe during the later half of the 20th century. It was described by

3795:, a real-time information bridge between the government, state enterprises and consumers. This had been preceded by similar efforts to introduce a form of cybernetic economic planning as seen with the proposed 2082:, etc. He used these terms completely interchangeably. The notion that 'socialism' and 'communism' are distinct historical stages is alien to his work and only entered the lexicon of Marxism after his death". 5757:

Some philosophers have also criticized the aims of socialism, arguing that equality erodes away at individual diversities and that the establishment of an equal society would have to entail strong coercion.

13265:

Vol. 1 (1896): "Society should be free through mankind's spontaneous federative affiliation to life, based on the community of land and tools of the trade; meaning: Anarchy will be equality by abolition of

13975: 5711:, while others support their criticism by examining historical attempts to establish socialist societies. The economic calculation problem concerns the feasibility and methods of resource allocation for a 4095:

that holds that when labour or its product is sold, in exchange it ought to receive goods or services embodying "the amount of labour necessary to produce an article of exactly similar and equal utility".

13574:, considered early French utopian socialist Charles Fourier to be the founder of the libertarian branch of socialist thought, as opposed to the authoritarian socialist ideas of Babeuf and Buonarroti." 11939:

Liberal socialism, for example, is unequivocally in favour of the free market economy and of freedom of action for the individual and recognises in legalistic and artificial monopolies the real evils of

6196:

In order of increasing decentralisation (at least) three forms of socialised ownership can be distinguished: state-owned firms, employee-owned (or socially) owned firms, and citizen ownership of equity.

6062:

2. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) any of various social or political theories or movements in which the common welfare is to be achieved through the establishment of a socialist economic system.

5191:

revolution that would overcome as many male-female inequalities as possible. As their movement already had the most radical demands in women's equality, most Marxist leaders, including Clara Zetkin and

3746:"in an implied contractual relationship with the public". It originated in the United Kingdom and was at its most influential in the first quarter of the 20th century. It was strongly associated with 13248:" ...preferring a system of popular self governance via networks of decentralized, local voluntary, participatory, cooperative associations. Roderick T. Long. "Toward a libertarian theory of class." 2806:

and wealth within a small segment of society. In addition, they complained that capitalism does not use available technology and resources to their maximum potential in the interests of the public.

13291:"...preferring a system of popular self governance via networks of decentralized, local, voluntary, participatory, cooperative associations-sometimes as a complement to and check on state power..." 3648:

without the input and tacit knowledge embodied by the participation of the millions of people in the economy. As a result, central planners would be unable to respond to local economic conditions.

4653:. It holds that socialist revolution should be carried out by a relatively small group of highly organised and secretive conspirators. Upon seizing power, the revolutionaries introduce socialism. 6647: 2845:

argued that socialism would emerge from historical necessity as capitalism rendered itself obsolete and unsustainable from increasing internal contradictions emerging from the development of the

4091:. Integral to the scheme was the establishment of a mutual-credit bank that would lend to producers at a minimal interest rate, just high enough to cover administration. Mutualism is based on a 4787: 5680:

Because of socialism's many varieties, most critiques have focused on a specific approach. Proponents of one approach typically criticise others. Socialism has been criticised in terms of its

7079:

socialist Henri Saint-Simon proposed to the contrary: socialism meant solving economic problems by means of state administration and planning, and taking advantage of new advances in science.

5487:. Syndicalists advocate a socialist economy based on federated unions or syndicates of workers who own and manage the means of production. Some Marxist currents advocate syndicalism, such as 2702:

extension of freedom and equality in society. Many forms of socialist theory hold that human behaviour is largely shaped by the social environment. In particular, socialism holds that social

12990: 6785:: "If we were to extend the definition of socialism to include Labor Britain or socialist Sweden, there would be no difficulty in refuting the connection between capitalism and democracy."; 24662: 10702: 8983: 5800: 3096:

of class conscious revolutionaries to take a central role in coordinating the social revolution to overthrow the capitalist state and eventually the institution of the state altogether.

4404:. The two main directions were to establish democratic socialism or to build first a welfare state within the capitalist system. The first variant advances democratic socialism through 6703:

As the nineteenth century progressed, 'socialist' came to signify not only concern with the social question, but opposition to capitalism and support for some form of social ownership.

5754:

would lead to stagnation. Some critics of socialism argue that income sharing reduces individual incentives to work and therefore incomes should be individualized as much as possible.

3652:

is unfeasible in this view because information cannot be aggregated by a central body and effectively used to formulate a plan for an entire economy, because doing so would result in

301: 10114:

It is an economic system that combines social ownership of capital with market allocation of capital...The state owns the means of production, and returns accrue to society at large.

7591: 5898:, p. 2: "Socialism may be defined as movements for social ownership and control of the economy. It is this idea that is the common element found in the many forms of socialism." 5884:, p. 2: "Socialism may be defined as movements for social ownership and control of the economy. It is this idea that is the common element found in the many forms of socialism." 24973: 2927: 1668:

ideology in most countries of the world. Types of socialism vary based on the role of markets and planning in resource allocation, and the structure of management in organizations.

2570:

went from ruling party in 2011 to a minor party. The decline of these mainstream parties opened space for more radical and populist left parties in some countries, such as Spain's

4370:

really means that we are saying that something is wrong with capitalism. There must be a better distribution of wealth, and maybe America must move toward a democratic socialism.

3730:. There are numerous variations of self-management, including labour-managed firms and worker-managed firms. The goals of self-management are to eliminate exploitation and reduce 2752:

in the economy. According to socialists, private property becomes obsolete when it concentrates into centralised, socialised institutions based on private appropriation of revenue

5019: 3144:", specifically focused on structural changes to capitalism as opposed to reforms to improve living conditions within capitalism or to prop it up through economic interventions. 2876:

Marx and Engels held the view that the consciousness of those who earn a wage or salary (the working class in the broadest Marxist sense) would be moulded by their conditions of

16782: 5380:

absurd as private ownership of one man by another" and his observation that a society must "hand it down to succeeding generations in an improved condition". English socialist

2594:

in the United States. Few of these radical left parties have won national government in Europe, while some more mainstream socialist parties have managed to, such as Portugal's

3437:

The original conception of socialism was an economic system whereby production was organised in a way to directly produce goods and services for their utility (or use-value in

2535:, which saw a declining share of the vote in national elections—from 43.9% in 2009 to 13.2% in May 2012, to 12.3% in June 2012 and 4.7% in 2015—due to its poor handling of the 5569:. Specifically, 68% of respondents favoured the nationalisation of water services, 65% supporting the nationalisation of the railways, 63% supporting the public ownership of 10754: 10678: 2777:(the corrective measures) reduce the overall efficiency of the market economy. These corrective policies limit the incentive system of the market by providing things such as 5266:. He argued that all sexual expressions should be enjoyed as long as people are not abused and that "affirming one's difference" can actually enhance social integration. In 6257:

the enterprise, the interrelationships between production units (plan versus markets), and, if the state owns and operates any part of the economy, who controls it and how.

25377: 25360: 3898:

of the last century, but would also mark another milestone in human history, similar to earlier transitions out of slavery and feudalism. As an example, Wolff claims that

3226: 16806:

is larger than the combined number of deaths that occurred during all famines in the Soviet Union, Maoist China, North Korea, Pol Pot's Cambodia, and Mengistu's Ethiopia.

11514: 10562:

Anarchism, a social philosophy that rejects authoritarian government and maintains that voluntary institutions are best suited to express man's natural social tendencies.

5332:

of 1969, militant gay liberation organisations began to spring up around the world. Many sprang from left radicalism more than established homophile groups, although the

4156:

While major socialist political movements include anarchism, communism, the labour movement, Marxism, social democracy, and syndicalism, independent socialist theorists,

3606:

A planned economy is a type of economy consisting of a mixture of public ownership of the means of production and the coordination of production and distribution through

25407: 3060:"hat the bourgeoisie produces above all is its own grave diggers", namely the working class, which must become conscious of the historical objectives set it by society. 16285: 12623: 20822: 15517: 14690:[Voluntary submission. Spanish Individualist Anarchism during the Dictatorship and the Second Republic (1923–1938) by Xavier Diez] (in Spanish). Archived from 10662:

as many anarchists have stressed, it is not government as such that they find objectionable, but the hierarchical forms of government associated with the nation state.

10343: 17507: 10715:

anarchists are opposed to irrational (e.g., illegitimate) authority, in other words, hierarchy—hierarchy being the institutionalisation of authority within a society.

3235:(1917–1925) organisational control of the national culture. Similarly, Trotsky viewed the party as transmitters of culture to the masses for raising the standards of 5932:, p. 7: "Pure socialism is defined as a system wherein all of the means of production are owned and run by the government and/or cooperative, nonprofit groups." 5159: 4180:(1924), Angelo S. Rappoport analysed forty definitions of socialism to conclude that common elements of socialism include general criticism of the social effects of 3286:. Trotsky's writings on literature such as his 1923 survey which advocated tolerance, limited censorship and respect for literary tradition had strong appeal to the 20871: 12116: 4034:

believed that a socialist economy based on state ownership of land and natural resources would provide a means of public finance to make income taxes unnecessary.

5355:. Eco-socialists generally claim that the expansion of the capitalist system is the cause of social exclusion, poverty, war and environmental degradation through 4400:

employ these terms interchangeably. Others found "clear differences" between the three terms and prefer to describe their own political beliefs by using the term

4396:

Social democracy is a socialist tradition of political thought. Many social democrats refer to themselves as socialists or democratic socialists and some such as

3457:

and money. In a fully developed socialist economy, production and balancing factor inputs with outputs becomes a technical process to be undertaken by engineers.

27243: 25350: 24294: 4212:

identifies four core principles of socialism and particularly socialist society, namely sociality, social responsibility, cooperation and planning. In his study

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rather than trying to combine them. Anarcha-feminism began with late 19th- and early 20th-century authors and theorists such as anarchist feminists Goldman and

2760:

and a class of owners, private property in the means of production is perceived as being an outdated form of economic organisation that should be replaced by a

1707:

and ideas remain a political force with varying degrees of power and influence, heading national governments in several countries. Socialist politics have been

25870: 25370: 24299: 8009:

The individual is largely a product of his environment and much of his conduct and behavior is the reflex of getting a living in a particular stage of society.

3894:

argues that "re-organising production so that workers become collectively self-directed at their work-sites" not only moves society beyond both capitalism and

20881: 20274: 15681: 15364:

leisure) and talents. It is true therefore that beyond some point the pursuit of equality runs into controversial or contradictory criteria of need or merit.

14131:

According to McKenna, Wilde was part of a secret organisation that aimed to legalise homosexuality, and was known among the group as a leader of "the Cause".

4305:

struggles and disputes within the socialist movement go back to the First International and the expulsion in 1872 of the anarchists, who went on to lead the

4100: 1834:

consensus replaced the social democratic consensus in the advanced capitalist world, while many former socialist politicians and political parties embraced "

4892: 3775:

in which workers manage the firms and democratically determine remuneration levels and labour divisions. Productive resources would be legally owned by the

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belief of human equality; and fifth, that history is progressive and will create positive change on the condition that humans work to achieve such change.

4103:. It combines a large state sector that comprises the commanding heights of the economy, which are guaranteed their public ownership status by law, with a 3532: 3497: 10861:, p. 28"Anarchists do reject the state, as we will see. But to claim that this central aspect of anarchism is definitive is to sell anarchism short." 4197:(the degree and means of control vary among socialist movements); an agreement that the outcome of this collective control should be a society based upon 25355: 25307: 20710: 18564: 8358: 3136:

argues that reforms are a diversion of energy for socialists and are limited because they must adhere to the logic of capitalism. French social theorist

2122:

in France were considered respectable socialists while working-class movements that "proclaimed the necessity of total social change" denoted themselves

14573:[Voluntary submission. Spanish Individualist Anarchism during the Dictatorship and the Second Republic (1923–1938)] (in Spanish). Archived from 27108: 20796: 18377: 16496: 5228:

published "Socialist Feminism: A Strategy for the Women's Movement", which is believed to be the first published use of the term "socialist feminism".

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Pure socialism is defined as a system wherein all of the means of production are owned and run by the government and/or cooperative, nonprofit groups.

3684:

Socialism, you see, is a bird with two wings. The definition is 'social ownership and democratic control of the instruments and means of production.'

25604: 24054: 15900: 12290: 12211: 10710: 7766: 7644: 2687:. Positivism held that both the natural and social worlds could be understood through scientific knowledge and be analysed using scientific methods. 16990: 15402: 10395: 4725:' rules over a stratified economy in the name of socialism", a division that "runs through the history of the socialist movement". Lipow identifies 24652: 15097: 3445:), with the direct allocation of resources in terms of physical units as opposed to financial calculation and the economic laws of capitalism (see 3241: 1680: 12756: 8156: 3132:, capitalism is not overthrown, "but is on the contrary strengthened by the development of social reforms". In a similar vein, Stan Parker of the 24845: 24760: 21188: 21044: 2756:

but based on cooperative work and internal planning in allocation of inputs—until the role of the capitalist becomes redundant. With no need for

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is credited with developing principles of what was later called eco-socialism. During the 1880s and 1890s, Morris promoted his ideas within the

2900:

interchangeably, but many later Marxists defined socialism as a specific historical phase that would displace capitalism and precede communism.

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Many mainstream democratic socialist and social democratic parties continued to drift right-wards. On the right of the socialist movement, the

1349: 5920:, p. 53: "Socialism is an economic system characterised by state or collective ownership of the means of production, land, and capital."; 27273: 25302: 24915: 20725: 10640:

The IAF – IFA fights for : the abolition of all forms of authority whether economical, political, social, religious, cultural or sexual.

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implemented a market socialist economy based on cooperatives and worker self-management. Some of the economic reforms introduced during the

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In such a setting, information problems are not serious, and engineers rather than economists can resolve the issue of factor proportions.

5738:

and market exchange are natural entities or moral rights which are central to freedom and liberty and argue that the economic dynamics of

2823:

social revolution. The changes in the economic foundation lead sooner or later to the transformation of the whole immense superstructure.

2477: 1858:. This latter word could mean companionship and fellowship as well as the more legalistic idea of a consensual contract between freemen". 1766:

includes political philosophies that originated in the revolutionary movements of the mid-to-late 18th century and out of concern for the

25487: 25457: 24750: 24430: 15116: 13000: 12542: 1580: 17867: 15011: 14013: 11001: 3119:

to pass political and social reforms for the purposes of ameliorating the instabilities and inequities of capitalism. Within socialism,

25744: 25704: 25614: 25425: 24941: 22998: 22639: 20861: 15028: 14688:"La Insumisión voluntaria. El Anarquismo individualista Español durante la Dictadura i la Segunda República (1923–1938) by Xavier Diez" 6381: 5431:

was followed by his essay "Ecology and Revolutionary Thought" which introduced ecology as a concept in radical politics. In the 1970s,

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authors, and academic supporters of socialism may not be represented in these movements. Some political groups have called themselves

3206:

In the Leninist conception, the role of the vanguard party was to politically educate the workers and peasants to dispel the societal

2527:

formed in 1992. Many of these parties lost large parts of their electoral base in the early 21st century. This phenomenon is known as

27188: 25732: 25627: 25499: 25285: 24682: 24417: 20866: 20678: 17076: 11458: 10764: 3628: 12515: 12416: 5351:

Eco-socialism is a political strain merging aspects of socialism, Marxism or libertarian socialism with green politics, ecology and

2794:

to influence the state to intervene in the economy in their favour at the expense of overall economic efficiency. Early socialists (

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which is operated by the government. The poll also found broad levels of support among traditional Labour and Conservative voters.

3876: 3115:. Reformism is the belief that socialists should stand in parliamentary elections within capitalist society and if elected use the 2349:, culminating in the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Socialists have adopted the causes of other social movements such as 14665: 12810: 12596: 12134:

of the revolutionary conspiracy, it was considered wiser to keep the mass at some distance from the conspirators. Rosa Luxemburg,

8932:"Trotsky and Trotskyism" in The Cambridge History of Communism: Volume 1, World Revolution and Socialism in One Country 1917–1941R 8096: 2409: 26102: 25577: 25384: 25251: 24167: 23791: 23093: 20969: 20898: 3583:

or labour credits, which like money would be used to acquire articles of consumption, but unlike money they are unable to become

2563: 247: 14271: 14212: 26550: 25275: 25120: 24808: 24442: 24335: 24172: 23212: 20944: 20496: 20410: 18508: 12569: 11522: 11115: 10631: 8830: 7183:

One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption.

4883: 2956:

and the role it should play in revolutionary struggles, in constructing socialism and within an established socialist economy.

2586:. In other countries, left-wing revivals have taken place within mainstream democratic socialist and centrist parties, as with 2039: 458: 16162: 16130: 5319:, the first sustained gay rights group in the United States which in its early days reflected a strong Marxist influence. The 27128: 25762: 25263: 25229: 25217: 25212: 25103: 24780: 23200: 20597: 20164: 17407: 16814: 15927: 15644: 13624: 13501: 12820: 12793: 12766: 12739: 12712: 12687: 12660: 12633: 12606: 12579: 12552: 12525: 12451: 12426: 12399: 12372: 11810: 9302: 9269: 8966: 8956: 8939: 8914: 8840: 8782: 7511: 6136:

Socialism is an economic system characterised by state or collective ownership of the means of production, land, and capital.

6129: 6089: 5769: 4047: 2923: 297: 25689: 15525: 14609: 10627: 10347: 10310: 9480: 8516: 5500: 3563:

The role and use of money in a hypothetical socialist economy is a contested issue. Nineteenth century socialists including

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are not usually called "utopian socialists", although their way of living is a prime example. They have been categorised as

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anti-statist tradition prior to the political victory of the Bolshevism in the east and varieties of Fabianism in the west.

13232: 13205: 12650: 10024: 8496: 7071: 4567:

Principles that can be described as ethical or liberal socialist have been based upon or developed by philosophers such as

16812:

Weisskopf, Thomas E. (1992). "Toward a Socialism for the Future, in the Wake of the Demise of the Socialism of the Past".

11550:"Capitalism and extreme poverty: A global analysis of real wages, human height, and mortality since the long 16th century" 10778: 10369: 7623: 2959:

In the 19th century, the philosophy of state socialism was first explicitly expounded by the German political philosopher

27427: 25679: 25345: 25292: 25280: 23901: 23811: 17917: 17799: 16596: 15756: 15667: 12972: 11766: 9985: 9889: 9828: 9787: 8411: 8235:

The bourgeoisie demonstrated to be a superfluous class. All its social functions are now performed by salaried employees.

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Nationalisation in the United Kingdom was achieved through compulsory purchase of the industry (i.e. with compensation).

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saw the establishment of new socialist party states, partly in Eastern Europe and the Far East. The establishment of the

1917:, scientific administration and the application of scientific understanding to the organisation of society. By contrast, 24437: 23926: 22053: 14571:"La Insumisión voluntaria. El Anarquismo individualista Español durante la Dictadura i la Segunda República (1923–1938)" 4938:

through the identification, criticism and practical dismantling of illegitimate authority in all aspects of human life.

4661:

criticised Lenin, stating that his conception of revolution was elitist and Blanquist. Marxism–Leninism combines Marx's

3021:

Utopian socialism is a term used to define the first currents of modern socialist thought as exemplified by the work of

25727: 25722: 25442: 25390: 24825: 24514: 24452: 22201: 21718: 20979: 20959: 20545: 20441: 20087: 17674: 17603: 17533: 17511:, in Patrick Riordan (dir.), Values in Public life: aspects of common goods (Berlin, LIT Verlag, 2007), pp. 11–34. 17393: 17373: 17355: 17274: 17227: 17196: 17131: 17089: 17033: 17004: 16933: 16880: 16767: 16727: 16704: 16650: 16619: 16561: 16536: 16486: 16467: 16444: 16413: 16386: 16361: 16342: 16319: 16251: 16217: 16071: 16043: 16009: 15916: 15890: 15864: 15837: 15814: 15786: 15717: 15600: 15535: 15385: 15304: 15178: 14927: 14886: 14846: 14769: 14515: 14439: 14370: 14339: 14196: 14157: 14124: 13946: 13806: 13314: 12335: 12273: 12247: 12007: 11851: 11749: 11712: 11663: 11441: 11383: 11299: 11268: 11229: 11201: 11099: 11077: 11056: 10953: 10871:

Brown, L. Susan (2002). "Anarchism as a Political Philosophy of Existential Individualism: Implications for Feminism".

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than to a class of private (capitalist) owners, through some form of collective, public or social ownership of capital.

6449: 6311: 6282: 6189: 6026: 5961: 5219: 5172: 2555: 2425: 18259: 15216:

What became known as the socialist calculation debate started when von Mises (1935 ) launched a critique of socialism.

14305: 12907: 4201:, including social equality, economic protection of people and should provide a more satisfying life for most people. 27293: 25979: 25930: 25863: 25674: 25402: 25004: 24908: 24800: 24627: 24607: 24532: 24447: 24412: 24370: 20807: 20471: 20129: 15463: 14188: 13435:

new insight and understanding of forms of oppression that may be concealed in traditional practice and consciousness.

8798: 4310: 2571: 2551: 2157: 1861: 391: 13167:"It implies a classless and anti-authoritarian (i.e. libertarian) society in which people manage their own affairs" 6273:. Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies, and Movements. Vol. 73 (2nd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: 3294: 2679:

and liberal political economy. Another philosophical basis for a great deal of early socialism was the emergence of

27123: 26484: 26009: 25997: 25821: 25811: 25767: 25582: 25258: 25207: 25090: 24687: 24498: 24094: 23871: 22321: 20886: 20876: 20491: 19909: 18310: 17707: 15948:

Engel-DiMauro, Salvatore (2 January 2021). "Anti-Communism and the Hundreds of Millions of Victims of Capitalism".

11487: 10906: 9910: 8240: 8100: 4306: 3229:

stated that the development of the socialist workers' culture should not be "hamstrung from above" and opposed the

3133: 2431: 1485: 1342: 15689: 13696: 13369:

LibSoc share with LibCap an aversion to any interference to freedom of thought, expression or choice of lifestyle.

13330: 9156:

to a class of private (capitalist) owners, through some form of collective, public or social ownership of capital.

5851: 5057:

he established. Muslim socialists are more conservative than their Western contemporaries and find their roots in

3938:

State socialism can be used to classify any variety of socialist philosophies that advocates the ownership of the

3872:

estimated that about eight million people participated directly or at least indirectly in the Spanish Revolution.

2468:

of left-wing governments on the continent in the early 21st century. Member parties ruling countries included the

27223: 27158: 26203: 26014: 26002: 25858: 25843: 25757: 25659: 25241: 25061: 24692: 22827: 22678: 20259: 20254: 20004: 18653: 18367: 18215: 15065: 13158:. "There exist three major camps in libertarian thought: right-libertarianism, socialist libertarianism, and ..." 8642: 8035: 5272: 4740:

and authoritarian methods of Stalin. A number of scholars and Western socialists have regarded Leon Trotsky as a

4517: 2140: 1573: 1529: 15154: 14963:

Hargis, Mike (2002). "No Human Being is Illegal: International Workers' Association Conference on Immigration".

13513: 10574: 10488:. Embassy of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in the United States of America. 17 November 2003. Archived from 5280:

society where wealth is shared by all, while warning of the dangers of social systems that crush individuality.

4479:, Marxism is loosely held to be valuable for its emphasis on changing the world for a more just, better future. 26414: 25955: 25935: 25632: 25246: 25071: 24999: 24714: 24612: 24564: 24397: 24325: 24028: 23881: 22767: 20834: 20174: 20124: 19307: 19197: 18503: 17850: 17756: 17735: 17697: 17648: 17629: 17555: 17499: 17481: 17417: 17323: 17250: 16959: 14806: 14687: 14570: 14479: 14399: 13988: 13155: 13069: 12327: 11970: 10985: 10107: 9232: 9015:"Trotskyology: A review of John Kelly, Contemporary Trotskyism: Parties, Sects and Social Movements in Britain" 8615: 8382: 6655: 3192:

Under Socialism, solidarity will be the basis of society. Literature and art will be tuned to a different key.

2850: 2443: 24407: 19122: 15527:

The Legacy of Nuremberg: Civilising Influence or Institutionalised Vengeance? (International Humanitarian Law)

4447:

under the rule of law. It promotes extending democratic decision-making beyond political democracy to include

4027:, eliminating or greatly diminishing the need for various forms of taxation that exist in capitalist systems. 3434:

it. Society as whole, therefore, should own or at least control property for the benefit of all its members".

27571: 26567: 26026: 25853: 25717: 25669: 25430: 25224: 25098: 25081: 24724: 24622: 24402: 24068: 23941: 23163: 22194: 21711: 21554: 20974: 20849: 20436: 18876: 18633: 18230: 17959: 17292: 16611: 15677: 15269: 9345: 6341:: "Marxian socialism is often identified with the call to organize economic activity on a nonmarket basis."; 5840: 5527: 5325: 4149: 3822: 3515:

by all of society with management and control delegated to those who operate/use the means of production; or

2943: 2830: 2619: 2546:

In Europe, the share of votes for such socialist parties was at its 70-year lowest in 2015. For example, the

2493: 2370: 2271: 2079: 1495: 418: 364: 339: 207: 182: 27445: 16508: 16089: 14993: 14735: 11612: 1818:, academics have noted that some Western European countries have been governed by socialist parties or have 27596: 27586: 27178: 27163: 27058: 25622: 25297: 25192: 24993: 24901: 24768: 24467: 24457: 24226: 23966: 23961: 23655: 22693: 22326: 22135: 21734: 21138: 20580: 20501: 20481: 20264: 20184: 20169: 20134: 19973: 19948: 19870: 18916: 16479:

Common Destiny: A Comparative History of the Dutch, French, and German Social Democratic Parties, 1945–1969

15328: 14666:"R.A. Forum > SHAFFER, Kirwin R. Anarchism and countercultural politics in early twentieth-century Cuba" 13473:

referred to himself many times as a socialist and considered his philosophy to be "Anarchistic socialism."

12964: 5810: 5805: 5777: 5708: 5700: 5660: 5483:

and the use of establishment politics. Syndicalists reject state power in favour of strategies such as the

5385: 5307:

under the leadership of Lenin and Trotsky, the Soviet Union abolished previous laws against homosexuality.

5231: 4791: 3966: 3653: 2922:, socialism is the lower stage of communism based on the principle of "from each according to his ability, 2790: 2536: 2524: 1708: 1452: 1422: 1397: 478: 282: 139: 14539: 12296: 12217: 3140:

criticized reformism by advocating a third alternative to reformism and social revolution that he called "

1852:, which means to combine or to share. The related, more technical term in Roman and then medieval law was 1299: 42: 26584: 26095: 25903: 25885: 25651: 25509: 25470: 25437: 25127: 25115: 25031: 24933: 24813: 24719: 24493: 24087: 23981: 23976: 23761: 22110: 21663: 21203: 20924: 20748: 20466: 20149: 19968: 19661: 18896: 18705: 18663: 18156: 16269: 15950: 15410: 12091: 6963: 5656: 5389: 4963: 4879: 4692: 4263: 4243:

voluntary institutions, but that several authors have defined as more specific institutions based on non-

4080: 4065: 3673: 3619: 3473: 3357: 3181: 2890: 2255: 2043: 1962: 701: 381: 311: 227: 197: 17: 27513: 24865: 18851: 15802:

The Jakarta Method: Washington's Anticommunist Crusade and the Mass Murder Program that Shaped Our World

13903: 10399: 344: 27317: 26455: 26178: 25898: 25875: 25848: 24579: 24462: 24261: 22646: 22306: 21370: 20992: 20839: 20817: 20516: 20476: 20194: 20114: 19922: 19766: 19277: 19102: 18129: 17689: 17143: 16996: 16925: 16553: 15908: 15296: 13723: 13399: 11999: 11962: 11741: 11375: 10176: 9749: 8160: 8075: 7444: 6372: 5846: 5715:. Central planning is also criticized by elements of the radical left. Libertarian socialist economist 5496: 4870:

tradition within socialism that rejects centralised state ownership and control including criticism of

3865: 3787:, or the use of computers to manage the allocation of economic inputs. The socialist-run government of 3531:

or autonomous collective institutions. Some socialists feel that in a socialist economy, at least the "

3356:. Socialist groups have also been closely involved with a number of counter-cultural movements such as 2595: 2461: 2437: 1640:

associated with the implementation of such systems. Social ownership can take various forms, including

1566: 1354: 1239: 781: 63: 22963: 18998: 17887: 17826: 17778: 17015: 16977: 10806:

Anarchism is the view that a society without the state, or government, is both possible and desirable.

10597:

Anarchism is the view that a society without the state, or government, is both possible and desirable.

6893: 6213: 5515:

A multitude of polls have found significant levels of support for socialism among modern populations.

5447:

adopt an eco-socialist paradigm. An "environmentalism of the poor" combining ecological awareness and

27591: 27103: 27063: 26504: 25940: 25913: 25816: 24830: 24702: 23010: 22953: 22538: 21498: 21310: 21173: 20891: 20844: 20812: 20506: 20451: 19142: 19077: 18978: 18146: 17208:

The Practice of Socialist Internationalism: European Socialists and International Politics, 1914–1960

17025: 16719: 15829: 15732: 14948: 13908: 13881: 13854: 13827: 13553: 13168: 12170:. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company. 12101: 10084: 9879: 9436: 9210: 8726: 8626: 8230: 8217: 7283:

Hudis, Peter; Vidal, Matt; Smith, Tony; Rotta, Tomás; Prew, Paul, eds. (September 2018 – June 2019).

7093: 7030: 5436: 5427: 5086: 5022:

Arabic letters "Lam" and "Alif" reading "Lā" (Arabic for "No!") are a symbol of Islamic Socialism in

4987: 4596: 4259: 3880: 3677: 3268: 1447: 1119: 262: 242: 38: 25908: 12135: 12065: 11594: 11047:

Brown, Susan Love (1997). "The Free Market as Salvation from Government". In Carrier, James G., ed.

10731: 10489: 9331: 8749: 6867: 5171:(1879), is the "single work dealing with sexuality most widely read by rank-and-file members of the 4254:

to be undesirable, unnecessary or harmful, it is not the central aspect. Anarchism entails opposing

2389: 1731:. While retaining socialism as a long-term goal, in the post-war period social democracy embraced a 27576: 27203: 26931: 26693: 26653: 26643: 26591: 26021: 24773: 24697: 24330: 24231: 23851: 21279: 21243: 21018: 20767: 20700: 20570: 20550: 20533: 20189: 19287: 19147: 18780: 18569: 18305: 17820: 17719: 16872: 16866: 16588: 15773:, eds. (2011). "Introduction: Pathologies of Power and the Rise of the Global Industrial Complex". 15748: 14709: 13822: 13750: 12884: 12096: 11876: 11429: 10258: 10062: 9646: 9201: 8707: 8183: 7730: 7439:

Baum, Bruce (2007). "J. S. Mill and Liberal Socialism". In Urbanati, Nadia; Zacharas, Alex (eds.).

7229:, p. 9: "In a modern sense of the word, communism refers to the ideology of Marxism–Leninism." 6994: 6081: 6075: 5820: 4900: 4855: 4444: 4384:

Democratic socialism represents any socialist movement that seeks to establish an economy based on

4190: 4087:, either individually or collectively, with trade representing equivalent amounts of labour in the 3587:

and would not be used to allocate resources within the production process. Bolshevik revolutionary

3337: 2547: 1930: 1720: 1657: 1329: 386: 277: 21454: 13876: 7252: 7240: 7139: 7127: 6243: 4439:

Social democrats advocate a peaceful, evolutionary transition of the economy to socialism through

3245:, this represented one of several distinctions between Trotsky's approach on cultural matters and 2190:, along with the changes that brought, although it has precedents in earlier movements and ideas. 27462: 27355: 26981: 26889: 26188: 26183: 25270: 24637: 24142: 23831: 23751: 23168: 22757: 22668: 21998: 21643: 21537: 21073: 20760: 20446: 20249: 20179: 20041: 18988: 18623: 18362: 18254: 18141: 18036: 17910: 17211: 17021: 16436: 16334: 16262: 16094: 15997: 15778: 15592: 15450: 15079: 13849: 13612: 12265: 12188: 10845: 10284: 9261: 9080: 8715: 8599: 8469: 7898: 7294: 7248: 7135: 6848: 6014: 5949: 5815: 5790: 5418: 5372: 4959: 4904: 4748: 4616: 4537: 4468: 4345: 4314: 4145: 3808: 3702: 3520: 3116: 3073: 3056: 3050: 2727: 2504: 2192: 2110: 2071: 1991: 1554: 1505: 1387: 613: 603: 443: 398: 23565: 14978: 14247: 12352: 11433: 11423: 10428: 9707: 9428: 7503: 7497: 4733:

as two prominent authoritarian socialist currents within the history of the socialist movement.

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different institutions within socialism than those that exist within modern capitalism, just as

2400: 1986:

was that the latter aimed to only socialise production while the former aimed to socialise both

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From Politics Past to Politics Future: An Integrated Analysis of Current and Emergent Paradigms

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methods. In the second variant, social democracy is a policy regime involving a welfare state,

4393:

liberal democracy is, in substantial part, a product of socialist (social democratic) forces".

4376: 4267: 4140: 4092: 4061: 4028: 3665: 3572: 3477: 3365: 3361: 3287: 3222: 3161: 3153: 2979: 2903:

The major characteristics of socialism (particularly as conceived by Marx and Engels after the

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and communism. He used it to defend the Bolshevik program from Marxist criticism that Russia's

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Navarro, V. (1992). "Has socialism failed? An analysis of health indicators under socialism".

16642: 16115: 15552:(April 1992). "Is Socialism Dead? A Comment on Market Socialism and Basic Income Capitalism". 15124: 14182: 13616: 13606: 12151: 11841: 9814: 9376: 9214: 8857: 8403: 7302: 6121: 6018: 6008: 5953: 5943: 5905: 4007:

Market socialism consists of publicly owned or cooperatively owned enterprises operating in a

1786:

system based on some form of social ownership of the means of production. By the early 1920s,

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The crisis of social democratic trade unionism in Western Europe: the search for alternatives

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Marangos, John (2004). "Social Dividend versus Basic Income Guarantee in Market Socialism".

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rather than a forerunner to Stalin with particular emphasis drawn to his activities in the

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that opposes inequality, poverty and oppression while rejecting both a totally unregulated

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Early socialist thought took influences from a diverse range of philosophies such as civic

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of capitalism that would generate contradictions, leading to working-class consciousness.

2523:". Mainstream social democratic and socialist parties are also networked in Europe in the 8: 27496: 27283: 27148: 27018: 26808: 26737: 26494: 26467: 26450: 26438: 26260: 26216: 26058: 25787: 25592: 25521: 25329: 25178: 25056: 24978: 24951: 24647: 24355: 24206: 24159: 24147: 24011: 23891: 23861: 23781: 23307: 23247: 22568: 22488: 22115: 21852: 21797: 21603: 21598: 21483: 21315: 21285: 21098: 21078: 21011: 20934: 20908: 20648: 20633: 20628: 20618: 20585: 20375: 20370: 20308: 19771: 19596: 19571: 19252: 19072: 19027: 18936: 18926: 18836: 18826: 18805: 18775: 18673: 18613: 18455: 18450: 18445: 18432: 18403: 18320: 18237: 18193: 18188: 18181: 17881: 17861: 17839: 17219: 16971: 16755: 16311: 15614: 14878: 13104: 10690:

the precious kernel of social customs without which no human or animal society can exist.

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Marxism and the leap to the kingdom of freedom: the rise and fall of the Communist utopia

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had its own distinct and unique institutional forms. The state, along with concepts like

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Economists with Guns: Authoritarian Development and U.S.–Indonesian Relations, 1960–1968

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Andrew Vincent. Modern political ideologies. Wiley-Blackwell publishing. 2010. pp. 87–88

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Liberal socialism incorporates liberal principles to socialism. It has been compared to

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social reform. It asserts that the only acceptable constitutional form of government is

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administration. In the biography of the 1945 United Kingdom Labour Party Prime Minister

1770:

that socialists associated with capitalism. By the late 19th century, after the work of

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Upton Sinclair's: A Monthly Magazine: for Social Justice, by Peaceful Means If Possible

16378: 16146: 16081: 16053: 15975: 15856: 15801: 15571: 15233: 15162: 14673: 14391: 13798: 13775: 13674: 13666: 13647:

Reid, Donald M. (1974). "The Syrian Christians and Early Socialism in the Arab World".

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Political economy and the Labour Party: the economics of democratic socialism 1884–2005

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A 2023 IPSOS poll found that a majority of British public favoured public ownership of

5492: 5407: 5316: 5304: 5090: 5070: 5054: 4859: 4548:, liberal socialism identifies artificial and legalistic monopolies to be the fault of 4448: 4385: 4275: 3982: 3902:

is "a stunningly successful alternative to the capitalist organisation of production".

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The Anarchist Collectives Workers' Self-management in the Spanish Revolution 1936–1939

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The Primacy of Politics: Social Democracy and the Making of Europe's Twentieth Century

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as well as its political and social implications. Other critiques are directed at the

5315:. He is known for his involvement in the founding of gay organisations, including the 4836: 3309:

was imposed under Stalin in artistic production and other creative industries such as

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From Marx to Mises: Post Capitalist Society and the Challenge of Economic Calculation

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Pretext for Mass Murder: 30 September Movement and Suharto's Coup d'État in Indonesia

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The Gay 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Gay Men and Lesbians, Past and Present

14163: 14153: 14120: 14065: 13994: 13984: 13970: 13952: 13942: 13802: 13779: 13767: 13692: 13678: 13620: 13597: 13364: 13310: 13271: 13151: 13147: 13065: 12816: 12789: 12762: 12735: 12708: 12683: 12656: 12629: 12602: 12575: 12548: 12521: 12488: 12447: 12422: 12395: 12368: 12331: 12295:(revised ed.). Highland Park, Michigan: International Socialists. Archived from 12269: 12243: 12216:(revised ed.). Highland Park, Michigan: International Socialists. Archived from 12013: 12003: 11976: 11966: 11930: 11907: 11880: 11847: 11745: 11718: 11708: 11669: 11659: 11577: 11554: 11483: 11437: 11389: 11379: 11295: 11264: 11225: 11197: 11165: 11095: 11073: 11052: 10981: 10959: 10949: 10820: 10739: 10396:"InfoViewer: China's champions: Why state ownership is no longer proving a dead hand" 10288: 10180: 10103: 9957: 9885: 9854: 9824: 9619: 9540: 9459: 9380: 9369: 9298: 9265: 9173: 9144: 9112: 8962: 8935: 8910: 8889: 8877: 8836: 8778: 8555: 8492: 8432: 8407: 8378: 8195: 7998: 7976: 7950: 7938: 7872: 7828: 7776: 7740: 7654: 7507: 7391: 7340: 7306: 7256: 7203: 7200:

From Marx to Mises: Post-Capitalist Society and the Challenge of Economic Calculation

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From Marx to Mises: Post-Capitalist Society and the Challenge of Economic Calculation

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is an international federation of anarcho-syndicalist labour unions and initiatives.

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and technology. It was these advances in the productive forces combined with the old

2846: 2749: 2516: 2469: 2287: 2266:, although other trends condemned what they saw as the lack of democracy. The end of 2231: 2187: 2063: 2027: 1914: 1910: 1897: 1866: 1704: 1672: 1625: 1621: 1597: 1382: 1294: 1199: 1061: 991: 896: 881: 648: 588: 543: 528: 488: 423: 202: 192: 129: 27278: 24795: 23040: 17462: 16845: 16354:

Political Thought and China's Transformation: Ideas Shaping Reform in Post-Mao China

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Liberating Visions: Human Fulfillment and Social Justice in African-American Thought

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Socialism | Definition, History, Types, Examples, & Facts | Britannica

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Principles of Political Economy with Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy

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was an early leader in the American LGBT rights movement as well as a member of the

4513:

Ethical socialism has been the official philosophy of mainstream socialist parties.

2138:

discussed a form of economic socialism within free market. In later editions of his

2066:

continued to describe themselves as socialists dedicated to socialism. According to

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Trotsky's political economy of capitalism. Brotherstone, Terence; Dukes, Paul,(eds)

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existing between the party and the struggle itself. Blanquism did not count on the

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Gildea, Robert. "1848 in European Collective Memory". In Evans; Strandmann (eds.).

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is a broad concept involving an intertwining of Christian religion with socialism.

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system in the Soviet Union. The OGAS project was conceived to oversee a nationwide

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fell from being the dominant force in Israeli politics to 4.43% of the vote in the

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The Communist Manifesto: A Road Map to History's Most Important Political Document

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Several scholars state that in practice, the Soviet model functioned as a form of

4328:

and the compulsory communism, included the full text of a "Socialistic Letter" by

3622:

and as such the centralised-planned economic model is usually associated with the

2127: 1324: 986: 716: 27403: 27268: 27208: 27093: 26941: 26936: 26914: 26834: 26788: 26545: 26499: 26397: 26374: 26357: 26330: 26115: 25945: 25158: 25110: 25016: 24382: 24048: 23721: 23640: 23600: 23570: 23555: 23520: 23515: 23485: 23460: 23445: 23420: 23405: 23340: 23317: 23302: 23287: 23272: 23143: 23098: 23083: 23073: 22895: 22890: 22747: 22742: 22722: 22710: 22175: 22073: 21832: 21678: 21668: 21638: 21544: 21178: 21088: 20224: 19761: 19731: 19541: 19521: 19516: 19511: 19451: 19441: 19436: 19421: 19391: 19317: 19177: 19157: 19132: 19062: 19022: 18911: 18906: 18785: 18750: 18745: 18740: 18415: 18372: 18273: 18136: 17999: 17994: 17784: 17658: 17583: 17577: 17347: 17071: 16853: 16741: 16524: 16372: 16290: 16201: 15705: 15549: 15211: 15098:"Four in 10 Canadians prefer socialism but not higher taxes to pay for it: op-ed" 14731: 14613: 14356: 14325: 14321: 14254: 14223: 14110: 14083: 13602: 13535: 13470: 13236: 13209: 13175: 13053: 12677: 12389: 12155: 12144: 11005: 10924: 10920: 10902: 10674: 10635: 10553: 10317: 9949: 9580: 9576: 9565: 9561: 9487: 9393: 9051: 8904: 7703: 6988: 6931: 6715: 6688: 6536:

Merkel, Wolfgang; Petring, Alexander; Henkes, Christian; Egle, Christoph (2008).

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can be based on direct ownership by the users of the productive property through

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throughout the 1920s but these groups were later rigorously repressed during the

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in 1949, saw socialism introduced. China experienced land redistribution and the

2259: 2247: 1819: 1811: 1783: 1779: 1767: 1641: 1605: 1462: 1457: 1402: 1209: 1169: 1001: 971: 956: 906: 876: 811: 751: 711: 633: 623: 523: 267: 257: 19107: 17446: 16547: 14301: 13229: 13201: 12364: 10033: 8999: 8157:"Economic Crisis from a Socialist Perspective | Professor Richard D. Wolff" 6227:

Socialism is the standard leftist ideology in most countries of the world; ... .

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has also become prominent. Pepper critiqued the current approach of many within

2114:

was published, socialism was respectable in Europe while communism was not. The

1933:

while in Britain it is attributed to Owen, who became one of the fathers of the

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One Hundred Years of Socialism: The West European Left in the Twentieth Century

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The Political Economy of European Social Democracy: A Critical Realist Approach

15610: 15203: 15170: 15146: 14757: 12838:"Trotsky and His Interpreters; or, Will the Real Leon Trotsky Please Stand up?" 12324:

Authoritarian Socialism in America: Edward Bellamy and the Nationalist Movement

12087: 10786: 10482:"VN Embassy: Socialist-oriented market economy: concept and development soluti" 9737: 9060: 9055: 8858:"Culture as permanent revolution: Lev Trotsky's Literature and] Revolution" 8297: 8249:, pp. 15–20, 1: Capitalism, The General Pattern of Capitalist Development. 7933: 7906: 7894: 7858: 7682:"Jeremy Corbyn has defied his critics to become Labour's best hope of survival" 7384:

The Lost World of Socialists at Europe's Margins: Imagining Utopia, 1870s–1920s

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states: "he government ... wanted what would become known as a mixed economy."

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Colby, Ira Christopher (2013). Dulmus, Catherine N.; Sowers, Karen M. (eds.).

11157: 10840:

Slevin, Carl (2003). "Anarchism". In McLean, Iain; McMillan, Alistair (eds.).

9791: 9723: 8873: 7048: 5616: 5530:(IEA) found that 67% of young British (16–24) respondents wanted to live in a 4031: 2690: 2489: 1846:

According to Andrew Vincent, "he word 'socialism' finds its root in the Latin

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Hayes, Carlton J. H. (1917). "The History of German Socialism Reconsidered".

17081: 16943: 16423: 16193: 16181: 15987: 15971: 15806: 15770: 15459: 15350: 15029:"67 per cent of young Brits want a socialist economic system, finds new poll" 14896: 14856: 14816: 14525: 14471: 14449: 14409: 14167: 14141: 14069: 13998: 13976:

Free Women of Spain: Anarchism and the Struggle for the Emancipation of Women

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De l'être-humain mâle et femelle – Lettre à P.J. Proudhon par Joseph Déjacque

12492: 12130: 12017: 11980: 11934: 11911: 11722: 11673: 11393: 11217: 11138:, who "argued that the socialisms of the pre-war world (not just that of the 10963: 9969:

categories—employer and employee—would be integrated in the same individuals.

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The Anarchist Collectives: Workers' Self-Management in the Spanish Revolution

9708:"InterNyet: why the Soviet Union did not build a nationwide computer network" 8881: 8640:

Schaff, Adam (April–June 1973). "Marxist Theory on Revolution and Violence".

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stated: "o the question 'Is this still capitalism?' I would answer 'No'." In

7368: 7336: 6905: 6406: 6046: 5825: 5356: 5116: 5082: 4827: 4756: 4592: 4521: 4456: 4440: 4291: 4240: 4209: 4039: 3978: 3747: 3611: 3468:

as opposed to private capital owners. Variations of market socialism include

3298: 3084: 2904: 2649: 2631: 2627: 2615: 2587: 2508: 2473: 2358: 2350: 2296: 2291: 1881: 1800: 1796: 1756: 1732: 1700: 1633: 1609: 1442: 1437: 1304: 1254: 1234: 1229: 1204: 1179: 1076: 981: 901: 821: 796: 721: 658: 493: 292: 27530: 26080: 20052: 19292: 16981:(12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. 16374:

Anarchism and Authority: A Philosophical Introduction to Classical Anarchism

16019: 14489: 14061: 12469:"The Blackmail of the Single Alternative: Bukharin, Trotsky and Perestrojka" 6955: 4451:

to guarantee employees and other economic stakeholders sufficient rights of

3137: 2966:

Preceding the Bolshevik-led revolution in Russia, many socialists including

726: 27288: 27088: 26993: 26839: 26813: 26722: 26404: 26392: 26340: 26300: 26295: 26159: 26154: 25709: 25530: 24924: 24840: 24729: 24709: 24251: 23951: 23635: 23625: 23615: 23480: 23475: 23415: 23390: 23360: 23355: 23262: 23257: 23103: 22983: 22717: 22653: 22523: 22513: 22508: 22427: 22417: 22361: 22251: 21892: 21877: 21872: 21574: 21528: 21508: 21439: 21300: 21248: 21083: 20673: 20511: 20365: 20303: 20269: 20239: 19821: 19801: 19796: 19786: 19726: 19601: 19466: 19192: 19172: 19167: 19137: 19037: 18559: 18225: 18161: 17609: 17385: 17188: 16917: 16778: 16747: 16392: 16230: 16121: 15740: 15247: 14830: 14798: 13394: 12899: 12875: 11857: 11545: 11419: 11274: 11142:, but of the democratic socialists too) were now increasingly irrelevant". 10743: 9990: 9864: 9834: 9741: 9528: 9424: 7942: 7902: 7890: 7876: 7771: 7687: 7649: 7008: 6723: 5716: 5634: 5444: 5376: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5164: 5130: 5034: 4983: 4932: 4915: 4875: 4863: 4775: 4737: 4604: 4505: 4476: 4418: 4283: 4244: 4109: 4012: 3804: 3632: 3588: 3549: 3489: 3446: 3329: 3283: 3279: 3260: 3124:

of revolution by popularizing the cause of socialism to the working class.

2939: 2877: 2778: 2330: 2267: 2243: 2050:

specifically to mean socialists who supported the politics and theories of

1968: 1956: 1807: 1736: 1184: 1134: 1129: 1114: 1071: 1056: 1026: 951: 936: 911: 871: 831: 806: 771: 686: 27479: 19431: 17819: 17454: 16057: 15636: 14919: 12938: 7412: 5589:

socialism compared to 52% of those who viewing socialism more negatively.

3697: 1174: 27228: 26976: 26971: 26963: 26948: 26773: 26678: 26489: 26325: 26290: 26270: 26250: 26228: 26193: 25572: 25534: 25526: 25148: 25132: 25046: 24988: 24569: 24554: 24201: 23650: 23645: 23580: 23575: 23425: 23297: 23252: 23242: 23035: 23030: 22968: 22905: 22688: 22663: 22588: 22548: 22518: 22493: 22473: 22452: 22432: 22412: 22402: 22371: 22236: 22100: 22063: 22058: 21988: 21909: 21887: 21837: 21814: 21693: 21478: 21401: 21391: 21218: 21168: 21118: 20683: 20420: 20385: 20350: 20330: 20244: 19885: 19875: 19826: 19816: 19811: 19781: 19611: 19586: 19581: 19536: 19401: 19342: 19282: 19237: 19052: 18959: 18921: 18846: 18795: 18715: 18467: 18166: 18076: 18004: 17666: 17487: 17284: 16836: 16085: 16027: 15766: 15513: 15255: 15228:

Levy, David M.; Peart, Sandra J. (2008). "Socialist calculation debate".

14943: 14705: 14595: 14589: 14116: 13763: 13582:, preface by Kent Bromley, New York and London, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1906. 13487:

speculators and the fabricators of single are equally repugnant to him.)"

13343:

Long, Roderick T. (Summer 1998). "Toward a libertarian theory of class".

13057: 12991:"Socialism Means Abolishing the Distinction Between Bosses and Employees" 11459:"New Study Finds Big Government Makes People Happy, "Free Markets" Don't" 11023:

State Socialism and Anarchism: How Far They Agree and Wherein They Differ

10873:

The Politics of Individualism: Liberalism, Liberal Feminism and Anarchism

9227: 8548:

Karl Marx's Theory of Revolution, Volume IV: Critique of Other Socialisms

5773: 5585: 5566: 5468: 5360: 5345: 5277: 5267: 5255: 5238:, philosopher and activist who was instrumental in the foundation of the 5188: 4871: 4867: 4821: 4674: 4302: 4135: 4088: 3986: 3869: 3784: 3776: 3568: 3493: 3481: 3469: 3218: 3093: 3030: 2908: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2507:. The organisation states the aim of becoming the global network of "the 2307: 2236: 2165: 2161: 2119: 1922: 1918: 1653: 1407: 1289: 1124: 1086: 1066: 1006: 966: 931: 866: 856: 836: 791: 706: 676: 638: 533: 376: 306: 172: 27398: 16529:

Markets, Planning, and Democracy: Essays After the Collapse of Communism

15826:

Markets in the name of Socialism: The Left-Wing origins of Neoliberalism

12679:

The Revolution Betrayed: What is the Soviet Union and where is it Going?

12500: 12468: 11794: 10156: 10139: 9924: 9905: 6414: 6208: 4429: 26759: 26747: 26717: 26683: 26623: 26305: 25562: 24079: 24033: 23841: 23741: 23590: 23510: 23282: 23173: 23015: 22958: 22935: 22900: 22849: 22839: 22807: 22752: 22578: 22558: 22483: 22447: 22351: 22336: 22261: 22186: 22160: 22120: 22090: 21976: 21956: 21847: 21703: 21513: 21488: 21426: 21213: 21034: 20715: 20527: 20405: 20390: 20380: 20199: 19895: 19831: 19501: 19491: 19411: 18549: 18420: 18285: 18244: 18220: 18095: 18056: 17746: 17164: 16787: 15342: 15320: 14503: 14423: 14331: 14297: 13144:

The social history of crime and punishment in America. An encyclopedia.

12625:

The Soviet Economy on the Brink of Reform: Essays in Honor of Alec Nove

12544:

The Soviet Economy on the Brink of Reform: Essays in Honor of Alec Nove

12484: 11372:

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11144:

Pierson, Chris (June 2005). "Lost property: What the Third Way lacks".

8663: 5739: 5555: 5488: 5150: 5125: 5045:

are not only compatible with, but actively promoting the principles of

5037:

form of socialism. Muslim socialists believe that the teachings of the

4995: 4967: 4896: 4726: 4684: 4628: 4576: 4549: 4423: 4409: 4397: 4035: 3812: 3449:), often entailing the end of capitalistic economic categories such as 3417: 3231: 3169: 3109: 3042: 2967: 2680: 2558:'s fortunes declined rapidly from 2005 to 2019, and outside Europe the 2224:

was the first elected socialist party when it formed government in the

2051: 2030:

were not sufficiently developed for communism. The distinction between

2023: 1831: 1377: 1284: 1021: 851: 553: 508: 24893: 17843: 15066:"Young Americans are increasingly embracing socialism over capitalism" 14610:"Naturists: The first naturists & the naturist culture – Natustar" 13670: 12861: 12837: 11400: 11317:"America Can Never Sort Out Whether 'Socialism' Is Marginal or Rising" 9034:"Comrades at war: the decline and fall of the Socialist Workers Party" 8039: 7155:

Marxist tradition took some variant of social and socialist as titles.

7025:

Perry, Marvin; Chase, Myrna; Jacob, Margaret; Jacob, James R. (2009).

5224:, organised to defend both anarchist and feminist ideas. In 1972, the 3757: 1679:

forms. A non-market socialist system seeks to eliminate the perceived

27193: 27030: 26765: 26320: 26134: 25782: 25777: 25599: 25492: 25322: 24983: 23731: 23670: 23227: 22870: 22797: 22782: 22703: 22623: 22543: 22498: 22478: 22457: 22442: 22422: 22407: 22271: 22231: 22150: 22095: 22085: 22020: 21971: 21862: 21842: 21618: 21588: 21518: 21263: 21208: 21183: 21148: 20653: 20139: 19943: 19938: 19865: 19686: 19471: 19426: 19361: 19217: 18821: 18760: 18648: 18518: 18389: 18315: 18280: 18104: 18031: 17969: 16696: 16638: 16459: 16209: 15882: 15659: 14838: 14463: 14431: 14149: 13904:"Women Workers Struggle For Their Rights by Alexandra Kollontai 1919" 13521: 13452: 13279: 11903: 11704: 10940:

McKay, Iain, ed. (2008). "Isn't libertarian socialism an oxymoron?".

10657: 10592: 9986:"Yes, there is an alternative to capitalism: Mondragon shows the way" 9615: 9198:

The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups

9140: 8590: 8353: 8268:

Capitalist property relations put a "fetter" on the productive forces

6990:

Main Currents of Marxism: The Founders, the Golden Age, the Breakdown

6541: 6441: 6239: 6181: 6117: 5562: 5368: 5308: 4943: 4741: 4736:

Trotsky viewed himself to be an adherent of Leninism but opposed the

4730: 4722: 4708: 4620: 4405: 4255: 4230: 4076: 3917: 3861: 3837: 3644: 3564: 3302: 3236: 3089: 3069: 3034: 2995: 2897: 2861: 2838: 2734: 2579: 2540: 2481: 2465: 2338: 2197: 2006:

as the latter had come to be considered an old-fashioned synonym for

1978: 1835: 1787: 1771: 1699:

retains the use of monetary prices, factor markets and sometimes the

1665: 1372: 1214: 1046: 756: 593: 578: 468: 448: 438: 17156: 14691: 14574: 14327:

Environmentalism and Political Theory: Toward an Ecocentric Approach

13877:"The Social Basis of the Woman Question by Alexandra Kollontai 1909" 11336: 8655: 8257: 8255: 7973:

Socialism and the Market: The Socialist Calculation Debate Revisited

5801:

List of socialist parties with national parliamentary representation

5435:, claimed that capitalist technologies were chiefly responsible for 4591:. Other important liberal socialist figures include Guido Calogero, 4274:

and salaries based on the amount of time contributed to production,

4057: 3519:

by a state apparatus. Public ownership may refer to the creation of

27183: 26879: 26700: 26528: 26443: 26382: 26345: 25772: 25317: 25051: 25011: 24271: 24006: 23585: 23322: 22915: 22880: 22854: 22834: 22787: 22598: 22553: 22437: 22341: 22331: 22296: 22266: 22140: 22130: 22125: 21981: 21951: 21946: 21931: 21787: 21757: 20742: 20395: 19963: 19958: 19860: 19386: 18330: 18325: 18290: 18151: 18061: 17794: 15932: 15567: 14428:

The Enemy of Nature: the End of Capitalism or the End of the World?

13980: 13938: 13701: 13306: 13130: 12995: 12853: 12444:

Was There an Alternative? Trotskyism: a Look Back Through the Years

10945: 10458: 9943: 9014: 7708: 5861: 5699:

Some forms of criticism occupy theoretical grounds, such as in the

5625: 5547: 5491:. Anarcho-syndicalism views syndicalism as a method for workers in 5414: 5146: 5138: 5069:. Islamic socialists believe in deriving legitimacy from political 5042: 4815: 4779: 4624: 3780: 3333: 3165: 2623: 2311: 2160:, Marxists denounced it as a betrayal of working-class ideals by a 2115: 2075: 2055: 1995: 1887: 27547: 27386: 16549:

The Killing Season: A History of the Indonesian Massacres, 1965–66

15587:

The Philosophy and Economics of Market Socialism: A Critical Study

10344:"10 China Myths for the New Decade | The Heritage Foundation" 4164:

while holding views that some consider antithetical to socialism.

4099:

The current economic system in China is formally referred to as a

27098: 26953: 26865: 25664: 25168: 24584: 24043: 23956: 22844: 22812: 22802: 22573: 22533: 22366: 22291: 22276: 22256: 22165: 22025: 21966: 21914: 21569: 21431: 19776: 19671: 18591: 18066: 18021: 13275: 12879: 11959:

Third way discourse: European ideologies in the twentieth century

11139: 10098:

Gregory, Paul; Stuart, Robert (2003). "Marx's Theory of Change".

9763: 8373:

Gregory, Paul; Stuart, Robert (2004). "Marx's Theory of Change".

8252: 5663:

schools of economics and critics of socialism in the 20th century

5479:

Syndicalism operates through industrial trade unions. It rejects

4928: 4704: 4637: 4557: 4114: 3450: 3128:

thereby making it appear more tolerable to society. According to

2928:

from each according to his ability, to each according to his need

2865: 2815: 2217: 2090: 1976:

fell out of use during this period. An early distinction between

1104: 583: 563: 17880: 17860: 17300: 17111: 17063: 16970: 16783:"How British colonialism killed 100 million Indians in 40 years" 13489:"Anarchist Individualism as a Life and Activity" by Emile Armand 13418: 10809:

The following sources cite anarchism as a political philosophy:

10032:. London: Socialist Party of Great Britain. 1985. Archived from 7767:"This May Day, let's hope democratic socialism makes a comeback" 5499:

was largely orchestrated by the anarcho-syndicalist trade union

3977:

was a combination of the major shipbuilding companies including

3610:. A planned economy can be either decentralised or centralised. 2856: 27410: 27118: 24360: 24152: 22792: 22593: 22381: 22356: 22346: 22316: 22301: 21919: 21223: 20663: 20613: 20360: 20290: 19706: 19641: 18352: 17788: 17748:

Deep Socialism: A New Manifesto of Marxist Ethics and Economics

16691:(1998). "The Difference Between Marxism and Market Socialism". 14358:

The Anarchist Moment: Reflections on Culture, Nature, and Power

12114:

Rosa Luxemburg as part of a longer section on Blanquism in her

11823: 11821: 10785:. Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service. 2006. Archived from 10521: 10519: 7826: 6644:

Economic Democracy: The Political Struggle for the 21st century

6039: 5413:

In the late 19th century, anarcho-naturism fused anarchism and

5402: 5023: 5018: 4501: 4262:

in the conduct of human relations, including the state system.

3592:

distant future would money not be required for even that role.

3318: 2575: 2314:, socialists who tended to be critical of the Soviet Union and 1109: 27350: 27326: 20036: 20012: 17622:

Non-Market Socialism in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

17521:

Time for Socialism: Dispatches from a World on Fire, 2016–2021

16679: 16163:"From Sweden to Socialism: A Small Symposium on Big Questions" 15425: 14547: 11782: 11291:

The New Progressive Dilemma: Australia and Tony Blair's Legacy

10577:

Peter Kropotkin. "Anarchism" from the Encyclopædia Britannica]

8822: 8303: 7889: 7365:

Preface to the 1888 English Edition of the Communist Manifesto

7132:

Keywords: A vocabulary of culture and society, revised edition

7027:

Western Civilization: Ideas, Politics, and Society – From 1600

6342: 5295:. who was an influential personality in the foundation of the 3210:

of institutional religion and nationalism that constitute the

2254:

around the world, came to represent socialism in terms of the

1549: 1520: 27421: 27083: 27073: 27068: 26540: 26535: 25587: 25465: 24574: 24544: 22822: 22311: 22246: 21003: 20400: 18336: 16865:

Zimbalist, Andrew; Sherman, Howard J.; Brown, Stuart (1988).

10575:

Peter Kropotkin. "Anarchism" from the Encyclopædia Britannica

10536: 10534: 8984:"The New Left in the Counterculture: Hypotheses and Evidence" 5519: 5247: 5038: 4832:, published in New York City between 1858 and 1861 by French 3783:

rights. Another form of decentralised planning is the use of

3743: 3310: 2926:", while upper stage communism is based on the principle of " 2703: 2532: 2212:. In the last third of the 19th century parties dedicated to 1884:, who alleged he first used the term in the Parisian journal 921: 17895: 15378:

The Cambridge History of Twentieth-Century Political Thought

15293:

The Cambridge History of Twentieth-Century Political Thought

11818: 10516: 10504: 10200: 9371:

The Cambridge History of Twentieth-Century Political Thought

7975:. Routledge Library of 20th Century Economics, 2000. p. 12. 7020: 7018: 4352: 4320:, who proclaimed himself to be an anarchistic socialist and 27213: 25699: 25475: 24559: 24483: 24425: 22817: 22241: 16903: 14795:

Breaking the boundaries: towards a feminist green socialism

10884: 10882: 9107:

Gregory, Paul; Stuart, Robert (2004). "Socialist Economy".

8081:

time set free, and with the means created, for all of them.

6708: 5367:

and transnational structures. Contrary to the depiction of

4524:

that includes both public and private capital goods. While

4083:

that advocates a society where each person might possess a

3821:

identifies the emergence of the open software movement and

3796: 3771:

One such system is the cooperative economy, a largely free

3643:, some factions within the Soviet Union before the rise of 3314: 354: 15609: 15369: 15080:"Axios|SurveyMonkey Poll: Capitalism and Socialism (2021)" 13119: 11996:

J.S. Mill's political thought: a bicentennial reassessment

11049:

Meanings of the Market: The Free Market in Western Culture

10531: 8616:"The Leninist Concept of the Revolutionary Vanguard Party" 8431:. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press. p. 95. 7441:

J.S. Mill's Political Thought: A Bicentennial Reassessment

6629: 6147: 5976: 5923: 5742:

are immutable and absolute. As such, they also argue that

4641:

Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist

4337:

and the ends, by which anarchism pursued different means.

4309:

and then founded their own libertarian international, the

3041:

Religious sects whose members live communally such as the

2126:. This branch of socialism produced the communist work of 25684: 25504: 22386: 22281: 16868:

Comparing Economic Systems: A Political-Economic Approach

16495: 16286:"Socialism declining in Europe as populism support grows" 15765: 15284: 11492: 10852: 10703:"B.1 Why are anarchists against authority and hierarchy?" 9230:(1985). "Should Marxists be Interested in Exploitation". 8520: 8285: 7282: 7015: 6830: 6664: 6077:

Comparing Economic Systems: A Political-Economic Approach

5160:

The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State

5145:

can only be achieved by working to end both economic and

2604:, the founding editor of the American socialist magazine 1830:, many of these countries moved away from socialism as a 17724:

Long Detour: The History and Future of the American Left

17492:

Renewing Socialism: Democracy, Strategy, and Imagination

15325:

Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Global Economy

14979:"The value of Socialism: Global Ipsos Poll | Ipsos" 14835:

Ecofeminism as politics: nature, Marx and the postmodern

12117:

Organizational Questions of the Russian Social Democracy

11425:

The Capitalism Papers: Fatal Flaws of an Obsolete System

10879: 10140:"Yugoslavia: The Case of Self-Managing Market Socialism" 9906:"Yugoslavia: The Case of Self-Managing Market Socialism" 9764:"Participatory Planning Through Negotiated Coordination" 9257:

Exploitation as Domination: What Makes Capitalism Unjust

5175:(SPD)". In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, both 4927:

All of this is typically done within a general call for

3618:

The most prominent example of a planned economy was the

2503:

was founded in 2013 by current or former members of the

2108:

was the preferred term. Engels wrote that in 1848, when

27198: 16858:

Anarchism: A History of Libertarian Ideas and Movements

14014:"The Chicago Women's Liberation Union: An Introduction" 13570:

Kent Bromley, in his preface to Peter Kropotkin's book

13097: 12965:"USSR strayed from communism, say Economics professors" 12788:. New Haven : Yale University Press. p. 161. 11873:

Carlo Rosselli: socialist heretic and antifascist exile

11633: 11631: 10259:"China names key industries for absolute state control" 10173:

Reform Rule in Czechoslovakia: The Dubcek Era 1968–1969

8613: 6600:, pp. 25–27: "The long term and the short term."; 6535: 6007:

Hastings, Adrian; Mason, Alistair; Pyper, Hugh (2000).

5942:

Hastings, Adrian; Mason, Alistair; Pyper, Hugh (2000).

2430:

Top-right: a demonstration in Austin, Texas, US by the

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The Palgrave Handbook of Leninist Political Philosophy

12148: 11929:. The Interstate Printers and Publishers. p. 32. 11652:

Connecting social welfare policy to fields of practice

11409:, 2004. Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, p. 8, November 2009. 11353: 11351: 11342: 10100:

Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty-First Century

9456:

Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty-First Century

9109:

Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty-First Century

8573: 8571: 8375:

Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty-First Century

7827:

Wiedmann, Thomas; Lenzen, Manfred; Keyßer, Lorenz T.;

7704:"How Greece's once-mighty Pasok party fell from grace" 6540:. Routledge Research in Comparative Politics. London: 5768:

Many commentators on the political right point to the

2322:

and some elements of the New Left and others favoured

1994:(in the form of free access to final goods). By 1888, 1896:, one of the founders of what would later be labelled 27315: 16864: 16633:

Comparative Economics in a Transforming World Economy

16059:

Red Hangover: Legacies of Twentieth-Century Communism

14710:"A Short Biography of Murray Bookchin by Janet Biehl" 11680: 9591: 8273: 7645:"2017 and the curious demise of Europe's centre-left" 6720:

Beyond Left and Right: The Future of Radical Politics

6112:

Comparative Economics in a Transforming World Economy

5929: 5289:: A Study of Some Transitional Types of Men and Women 4101:

socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics

3321:

were subject to extreme levels of political control.

2078:, socialism, communism, realm of free individuality, 1719:

originated within the socialist movement, supporting

15775:

The Global Industrial Complex: Systems of Domination

14875:

Varieties of Environmentalism Essays North and South

13015: 11628: 11238: 11224:(2nd ed.). London: Continuum. pp. 80–103. 10687:

on 18 March 2012 – via The Anarchist Library.

10654:

Anarchism and Education: a Philosophical Perspective

10005: 9564:(1935). "The Nature and History of the Problem". In 8445: 7193: 7191: 7024: 5988: 5284:

actively campaigned for homosexual rights. His work

3631:). The economic systems of the Soviet Union and the 2952:

Socialists have taken different perspectives on the

1900:. Socialism contrasted with the liberal doctrine of 20711:

Non Violent Resistance (psychological intervention)

16120:. Leiden: E.J. Brill. pp. 273–274 – via 15682:"Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy: A Symposium" 15518:"Justice Betrayed: Post-1945 Responses to Genocide" 15240: 14146:

International encyclopedia of men and masculinities

12758:

Trotsky, Trotskyism and the Transition to Socialism

11348: 11190:

Socialism After Communism: The New Market Socialism

10713:on 15 June 2012 – via The Anarchist Library. 8568: 8359:

A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy

6616:goal of an advance towards democratic socialism'"; 6521:. New York: Harper and Brothers. pp. 204–205. 6471:

Socialism After Communism: The New Market Socialism

5443:. In the 1990s socialist/feminists Mary Mellor and 4839:, the first recorded person to describe himself as 4699:. The other side of socialism is a more democratic 3639:Although central planning was largely supported by 1814:led to socialism's widespread association with the 20275:Women's International League for Peace and Freedom 15201: 13724:"What is Socialist Feminism? – The Feminist eZine" 12124:), writes: "For Lenin, the difference between the 11809:sfnmp error: no target: CITEREFTanseyJackson2008 ( 9641: 9639: 9458:(7th ed.). George Hoffman. pp. 120–121. 8815:Central Committee, "On Proletcult Organisations", 8126:Magdoff, Fred; Yates, Michael D. (November 2009). 8020:Ferri, Enrico, "Socialism and Modern Science", in 7680: 6006: 5941: 4649:Blanquism is a conception of revolution named for 4108:2005. The current Chinese economy consists of 150 3225:of peasants and workers. Influenced by Lenin, the 1972:, which had been used as synonyms, while the term 1921:proposed to organise production and ownership via 1747:polity that expands state intervention to include 17871:. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). pp. 301–308. 17812:Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives 14098:. pp. 389, 391, 429, 458, 459, 462, and 463. 13697:"Islamic Socialism: A history from left to right" 12956: 11488:"Opinion: Social safety net makes people happier" 11134:This definition is captured in this statement by 9111:(Seventh ed.). George Hoffman. p. 117. 8517:"Heaven on Earth: The Rise and Fall of Socialism" 8366: 8091: 8089: 7907:"Degrowth can work — here's how science can help" 7202:. Open Court Publishing Company. pp. 44–45. 7188: 7119: 7066:. South-Western College Publishing. p. 159. 6538:Social Democracy in Power: The Capacity to Reform 3328:phenomenon which emerged in the 1960s shaped the 2880:, leading to a tendency to seek their freedom or 1681:inefficiencies, irrationalities, unpredictability 27558: 25773:Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences 17382:Alternative Societies: For a Pluralist Socialism 15375: 15355:A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy 14011: 13823:"Clara Zetkin: On a Bourgeois Feminist Petition" 13230:"I1. Isn't libertarian socialism an oxymoron" in 12571:The social and political thought of Leon Trotsky 11515:"World's Happiest Countries? Social Democracies" 11070:Demanding the Impossible: A History of Anarchism 11036:Instead of a Book by a Man Too Busy to Write One 10875:. Black Rose Books Ltd. Publishing. p. 106. 10802:The Shorter Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 10589:The Shorter Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 10026:The Strike Weapon: Lessons of the Miners' Strike 9746:The Political Economy of Participatory Economics 8832:The Social and Political Thought of Leon Trotsky 8463: 8402:. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 6073: 4486: 4278:advocate a direct transition from capitalism to 3742:of industry through the medium of trade-related 3295:literary, religious and national representatives 3242:The Social and Political Thought of Leon Trotsky 3221:to the proletariat to facilitate their economic 3083:. Orthodox Marxists and left communists take an 2911:would control the means of production through a 2182:The history of socialism has its origins in the 21189:Perspectives on capitalism by school of thought 20095: 17409:Heaven on Earth: The Rise and Fall of Socialism 17017:Labour: The New Zealand Labour Party, 1916–2016 15993:Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World 15624:International Encyclopedia of Political Science 15159:The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics Online 14762:The closing circle: nature, man, and technology 14248:Gay movement boosted by '79 march on Washington 13502:Peter Sabatini. "Libertarianism: Bogus Anarchy" 13087:The American journal of economics and sociology 11993: 10864: 10819:. Cambridge: Blackwell Publishers. p. 24. 10622: 10620: 10224:The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Political Thought 9636: 7530:, p. 50, p. 126-128. MacGibbon and Kee, (1961). 6108:Rosser, Mariana V.; Rosser, J. 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It emphasises 3703:Soviet of Workers' Deputies of St. Petersburg 2896:Marx and Engels used the terms socialism and 2695:Claude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon 2442:Bottom-right: a rally for abortion rights in 1687:that socialists traditionally associate with 1574: 59:Sociopolitical economic philosophy and system 22708: 17049: 17013: 16662:"Nordic Countries Aren't Actually Socialist" 16305: 16113: 16080: 16026: 15488: 15145: 13929: 13650:International Journal of Middle East Studies 13546: 13331:"Libertarian Socialism: A Practical Outline" 13169:I.1 Isn't libertarian socialism an oxymoron? 13084: 12350: 12262:Socialism Since 1889: A Biographical History 12240:Socialism Since 1889: A Biographical History 11846:. Manchester University Press. p. 127. 11827: 11287: 10617: 10540: 10525: 10510: 9871: 9736: 8125: 7624:"Why Labour is obsessed with Greek politics" 7592:"A Progressive Network for the 21st Century" 7570:"Basic document | Progressive Alliance" 7502:. Milsons Point, N.S.W. 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Green anarchism blends anarchism with 5254:Many socialists were early advocates of 5230: 5124: 5017: 4846:Libertarian socialism, sometimes called 4814: 4804: 4636: 4500: 4428: 4173:common elements identified by scholars. 4139: 4068:and influential French socialist thinker 4056: 3877:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 3756: 3696: 3416: 3251: 3227:Central Committee of the Bolshevik Party 2855: 2689: 2230: 1860: 32:This is an accepted version of this page 24923: 23792:Reflections on the Revolution in France 18373:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Gonzalo Thought 17744: 17683: 17657: 17638: 17514: 17430: 17379: 17070: 16713: 16237: 16052: 15879:The Economics and Politics of Socialism 15823: 15704: 15676: 15548: 15290: 15270:"On Milton Friedman, MGR & Annaism" 14991: 14942: 14823: 14786: 14532: 14508:The no-nonsense guide to green politics 14379: 14180: 14108: 14082: 13786: 13691: 13605:; Mason, Alistair; Pyper, Hugh (eds.). 13397:. "What it Really Stands for Anarchy". 13333:. Libcom.org. 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As one of the main ideologies on the 14: 27559: 24942:Index of Soviet Union–related articles 20411:Soviet influence on the peace movement 18378:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path 17817: 16985: 16754: 16582: 16430: 16192: 16180: 15795: 15739: 15726: 15653: 15582: 15512: 15484: 15443: 15246: 15114: 15012:"IPSOS – Global Socialism Survey 2018" 14962: 14909: 14829: 14792: 14416: 14385: 13792: 13300: 13224: 13222: 12594: 12351:Löwy, Michael; Le Blanc, Paul (2018). 12288: 12209: 11956: 11945: 11843:Ideology and Politics in Britain Today 11735: 11618: 11418: 11343:Brandal, Bratberg & Thorsen (2013) 11244: 10839: 10752: 10651: 10632:International of Anarchist Federations 10221: 10137: 9903: 9806: 9554: 9454:Gregory, Paul; Stuart, Robert (2004). 9411: 9399: 9375:. 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Another, more recent variant is 3595: 2785:, taxing profits and reducing the 2764:of individuals based on public or 2556:Social Democratic Party of Germany 1892:in 1832. Leroux was a follower of 57: 27608: 27294:Western European and Others Group 20472:International Day of Non-Violence 20130:Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions 17767: 16481:. New York City: Berghahn Books. 15444:Satter, David (6 November 2017). 14704: 14189:Kensington Publishing Corporation 12415:Barnett, Vincent (7 March 2013). 11222:Contemporary Political Ideologies 11192:. University Park, Pennsylvania: 11090:Franklin, Robert Michael (1990). 11072:. London: HarperCollins. p. 641. 10817:The Dictionary of Human Geography 10454:"China grows faster amid worries" 9533:Writings of Leon Trotsky, 1932–33 8982:Rossinow, Doug (1 January 1997). 8856:Bird, Robert (1 September 2018). 8491:. 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Filiquarian Publishing. 2008. 9841: 9756: 9730: 9699: 9677: 9664: 9603: 9521: 9505: 9472: 9447: 9417: 9405: 9360: 9285: 9244: 9220: 9189: 9161: 9128: 9100: 9088: 9044: 9025: 9006: 8975: 8958:Censorship: A World Encyclopedia 8955:Jones, Derek (1 December 2001). 8948: 8923: 8896: 8862:Studies in East European Thought 8849: 8809: 8791: 8777:. Haymarket Books. p. 188. 8764: 8733: 8699: 8633: 8607: 8583: 8509: 8101:Socialist Party of Great Britain 7290:The Oxford Handbook of Karl Marx 6080:. Harcourt College Pub. p. 5750:are infringements upon liberty. 5633: 5624: 5615: 5226:Chicago Women's Liberation Union 4307:Anti-authoritarian International 4168:has been used by members of the 3134:Socialist Party of Great Britain 2432:Democratic Socialists of America 2408: 2399: 2388: 2379: 2148:. While democrats looked to the 2068:The Oxford Handbook of Karl Marx 1929:is also attributed in France to 1778:, socialism had come to signify 1548: 1536: 1519: 90: 22679:Family as a model for the state 20255:Social Democratic Party (Japan) 19842: 19353: 19009: 18970: 18946: 18654:Dictatorship of the proletariat 17620:; Crump, John (8 August 1987). 15530:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 15505: 14992:Stancil, Kenny (26 June 2021). 13109:A Dictionary of Marxist Thought 12601:. Verso Books. pp. 84–86. 12514:Twiss, Thomas M. (8 May 2014). 11871:Pugliese, Stanislao G. (1999). 11407:Foundations of social democracy 11146:Journal of Political Ideologies 11094:. Fortress Press. p. 125. 10102:. 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(2018). 16402:The Theory of Social Democracy 15252:The ABC's of Political Economy 15155:"Socialist Calculation Debate" 14764:. Courier Dover Publications. 14112:The Secret Life of Oscar Wilde 12927:10.1080/10370196.2001.11733360 12731:Marxism and Literary Criticism 12682:. Mehring Books. p. 218. 12328:University of California Press 12158:, last retrieved 25 April 2007 11569:10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.106026 11315:Gage, Beverly (17 July 2018). 10978:Economic Justice and Democracy 10558:The Encyclopedia of Philosophy 10346:. Heritage.org. Archived from 9585:Collectivist Economic Planning 9570:Collectivist Economic Planning 8377:. George Hoffman. p. 62. 8264:Marx and Engels Selected Works 7499:A shorter history of Australia 7386:(hardcover ed.). London: 6892:Cassidy, John (18 June 2019). 6764:Sheldon, Garrett Ward (2001). 6399:10.1080/08911916.2004.11042930 6141: 6101: 6067: 5887: 5875: 5655:, economists belonging to the 5538:of various industries such as 5462: 4768:worker's control of production 4508:, founder of ethical socialism 3868:during the Spanish Civil War. 3543:view private ownership of the 3297:had some level of autonomy in 2851:social relations of production 2444:Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2156:which in the long run ensured 1671:Socialist systems divide into 13: 1: 25605:Political abuse of psychiatry 25397:Congress of People's Deputies 24069:Category:Political philosophy 23942:Critique of political economy 21555:Critique of political economy 18877:Free association of producers 18634:Critique of political economy 17925: 17293:University of Minnesota Press 16612:University of Wisconsin Press 16501:Oxford Islamic Studies Online 15964:10.1080/10455752.2021.1875603 15851:; Thorsen, Dag Einar (2013). 15033:Institute of Economic Affairs 14220:Encyclopedia of Homosexuality 13270:(while retaining respect for 13129:. 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It was not until after the 183:Critique of political economy 23967:Institutional discrimination 23962:History of political thought 22694:Negative and positive rights 21139:History of capitalist theory 20581:World Peace Bell Association 20482:Dialogue Among Civilizations 20185:New Socialist Party of Japan 20170:Iraq War resisters in Canada 20135:Coalition of Women for Peace 19974:Socialist calculation debate 19949:Economic calculation problem 18917:Socialist mode of production 17366:Selected works in one volume 17335:A Short History of Socialism 16036:Handbook of Political Theory 15928:"The end of the French left" 15745:The Social Democratic Moment 15497:Sullivan & Hickel (2022) 15329:University of Michigan Press 15046:Gye, Hugo (16 August 2023). 14569:Diez, Xavier (26 May 2006). 14257:, Lou Chabarro 2004 for the 13540:Ghost of Anarcho-Syndicalism 13345:Social Philosophy and Policy 13250:Social Philosophy and Policy 13189:Social Philosophy and Policy 12655:. 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While anarchism holds the 4224: 3967:British Aircraft Corporation 3848:and capitalism in favour of 3480:economic models such as the 3379: 3247:Stalin's policy in the 1930s 2791:socialist mode of production 2539:and implementation of harsh 2537:Greek government-debt crisis 2525:Party of European Socialists 2446:being led by members of the 1940:The definition and usage of 1841: 1453:Socialist calculation debate 1423:List of socialist economists 1398:Economic calculation problem 283:Socialist mode of production 140:Socialist calculation debate 7: 25768:Academy of Medical Sciences 24648:Kurdish Republic of Mahabad 23977:Justification for the state 23762:Two Treatises of Government 20749:The whole world is watching 20517:Peace & Love (festival) 20467:Imagine Piano Peace Project 20042:Organized Labour portal 18771:Socialisation of production 17751:. New Gnosis Publications. 17684:Verdery, Katherine (1996). 17447:10.2190/B2TP-3R5M-Q7UP-DUA2 16975:. In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). 16531:. Edward Elgar Publishing. 16270:University of Massachusetts 15951:Capitalism Nature Socialism 15403:"Socialism as a hate crime" 15117:"Toward a Social Socialism" 12915:History of Economics Review 12782:Rubenstein, Joshua (2011). 12520:. BRILL. pp. 105–106. 12365:10.1057/978-1-137-51650-3_7 11805:Tansey & Jackson (2008) 11765:Schweickart, David (2006). 11370:Sejersted, Francis (2011). 11051:. Berg Publishers. p. 107. 10980:. Routledge Press. p. 138. 9000:10.1215/01636545-1997-67-79 8961:. Routledge. p. 2083. 8682:"Reformism – or socialism?" 8680:Parker, Stan (March 2002). 8487:Schumpeter, Joseph (2008). 7572:. Progressive-alliance.info 6964:Online Etymology Dictionary 6928:Modern Political Ideologies 5918:Rosser & Barkley (2003) 5783: 5375:and fellow socialists as a 5371:by some environmentalists, 4778:against far-right parties, 4121: 4081:anarchist school of thought 3791:in Chile experimented with 3709:were an early example of a 3579:advocated various forms of 3484:. Some economists, such as 3358:Vietnam Solidarity Campaign 3332:and radical outlook of the 3259:produced by Mexican artist 3182:Constructivist architecture 3049:by some. Similarly, modern 2638:Social and political theory 2420:Top-left: a picture of the 2418:Socialism across the world. 2260:centrally planned economies 2204:in 1847-48 just before the 2044:All-Russian Communist Party 1822:that are sometimes called " 1806:While the emergence of the 10: 27613: 22647:Bellum omnium contra omnes 20872:2011 intervention in Libya 20492:List of places named Peace 20477:International Day of Peace 20195:Peace and conflict studies 20115:Anti-nuclear organizations 19278:Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin 19103:Victor Prosper Considerant 17690:Princeton University Press 17596:10.4135/9781412965811.n290 17508:What remains of socialism? 17333:Lichtheim, George (1970). 17308:Lebowitz, Michael (2006). 17144:American Historical Review 17124:Socialism: Past and Future 16997:Cambridge University Press 16926:Princeton University Press 16828:10.1177/048661349202400302 16610:. Madison, Wisconsin: The 16554:Princeton University Press 15727:Berlau, A. Joseph (1949). 15489:Ghodsee & Sehon (2018) 15297:Cambridge University Press 15171:10.1057/9780230226203.1570 14965:Anarcho-Syndicalist Review 14094:] (in French). Paris: 13400:Anarchism and Other Essays 13142:Miller, Wilbur R. (2012). 13062:The Murray Bookchin Reader 13023:"150 years of Libertarian" 12421:. Routledge. p. 101. 12000:Cambridge University Press 11963:Edinburgh University Press 11898:Thompson, Noel W. (2006). 11828:Gaus & Kukathas (2004) 11742:Cambridge University Press 11376:Princeton University Press 11220:; Wright, Anthony (1999). 11125:Retrieved 20 January 2014. 11021:Tucker, Benjamin (1911) . 10541:Lamb & Docherty (2006) 10526:Lamb & Docherty (2006) 10511:Lamb & Docherty (2006) 10316:. May 2006. Archived from 10177:Cambridge University Press 9850:Anarchism for Know-It-Alls 9813:Mayne, Alan James (1999). 9750:Princeton University Press 8262:Wishart, Lawrence (1968). 8103:. May 2010. Archived from 8034:Russell, Bertrand (1932). 7993:Claessens, August (2009). 7934:10.1038/d41586-022-04412-x 7859:10.1038/s41467-020-16941-y 7445:Cambridge University Press 7239:Williams, Raymond (1983). 7126:Williams, Raymond (1983). 7115:. Touchstone. p. 781. 7091:"Etymology of socialism". 6671:Lamb & Docherty (2006) 5847:Spanish Revolution of 1936 5604: 5584:poll found that 70% of US 5565:including water, rail and 5472: 5466: 5133:and Rosa Luxemburg in 1910 5094: 5080: 5005: 4808: 4614: 4490: 4356: 4266:support market socialism, 4228: 4125: 4000: 3915: 3909: 3875:The economy of the former 3663: 3599: 3389: 3383: 3151: 3147: 3067: 3010: 2944:Marx's theory of the state 2937: 2813: 2809: 2721: 2641: 2590:in the United Kingdom and 2492:initiated what he called " 2438:Portuguese Socialist Youth 2368: 2272:People's Republic of China 2175: 2171: 64:Socialism (disambiguation) 61: 27064:Anglo-Portuguese Alliance 27044: 26962: 26799: 26634: 26505:Standard Average European 26373: 26202: 26122: 26046: 25990: 25964: 25884: 25807: 25798: 25743: 25650: 25613: 25553: 25456: 25418: 25338: 25200: 25191: 25141: 25089: 25080: 24932: 24882: 24743: 24675: 24600: 24507: 24476: 24390: 24379: 24308: 24287: 24118: 24064: 23914: 23683: 23331: 23064: 22944: 22863: 22775: 22766: 22632: 22466: 22395: 22224: 22034: 21828: 21741: 21582: 21536: 21499:Labour market flexibility 21472: 21383: 21232: 21174:Multinational corporation 21051: 21041: 20988: 20917: 20782: 20606: 20507:Nobel Peace Prize Concert 20502:Mother's Day Proclamation 20452:Dances of Universal Peace 20429: 20283: 20265:The Women's Peace Crusade 20107: 20063: 20058:Links to related articles 19982: 19931: 19908: 19840: 19351: 19143:William Batchelder Greene 19078:Francisco Largo Caballero 19007: 18968: 18944: 18935: 18814: 18604: 18476: 18431: 18253: 18089: 17948: 17935: 17026:Victoria University Press 16720:Stanford University Press 16714:Simpson, Bradley (2010). 16371:McLaughlin, Paul (2007). 15907:. Westport, Connecticut: 15830:Stanford University Press 15824:Bockman, Johanna (2011). 15733:Columbia University Press 15654:Bailey, David J. (2009). 15583:Arnold, N. Scott (1994). 15376:Bellamy, Richard (2003). 15323:; Young, Bernard (1999). 15291:Bellamy, Richard (2003). 14307:An ecosocialist manifesto 14088:Le Nouveau Monde amoureux 14018:The CWLU Herstory Website 13909:Marxists Internet Archive 13882:Marxists Internet Archive 13855:Marxists Internet Archive 13828:Marxists Internet Archive 13663:10.1017/S0020743800027811 13357:10.1017/S0265052500002028 12895:– via Chomsky.info. 12734:. Routledge. p. 20. 12568:Knei-Paz, Baruch (1978). 12473:Studies in Soviet Thought 12154:28 September 2011 at the 12143:27 September 2011 at the 12102:Marxists Internet Archive 12032:"Definition of Blanquism" 11699:Upchurch, Martin (2016). 11178:(St Martin's Press 1989). 11158:10.1080/13569310500097265 11034:Tucker, Benjamin (1893). 11012:. Retrieved 20 June 2020. 10944:. Vol. I. Stirling: 10085:Marxists Internet Archive 9724:10.1080/07341510802044736 9672:The Participatory Economy 9437:Marxists Internet Archive 9367:Bellamy, Richard (2003). 9168:Stiglitz, Joseph (1996). 8874:10.1007/s11212-018-9304-6 8829:Knei-Paz, Baruch (1978). 8819:No. 270, 1 December 1920. 8774:Literature and Revolution 8727:Marxists Internet Archive 8627:Marxists Internet Archive 8427:Walicki, Andrzej (1995). 8304:Schweickart et al. (1998) 8231:Marxists Internet Archive 7094:Oxford English Dictionary 7031:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt 6995:W.W. Norton & Company 6343:Schweickart et al. (1998) 5532:socialist economic system 5437:environmental degradation 5428:Our Synthetic Environment 5326:anti-Vietnam war movement 5087:Socialism and LGBT rights 4988:revolutionary syndicalism 4597:Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse 4518:post-war social democracy 4260:hierarchical organisation 4206:The Concepts of Socialism 3678:Socialist self-management 3269:Literature and Revolution 3199:Literature and Revolution 3007:Utopian versus scientific 2290:government does" whereas 2093:. In Protestant England, 1448:Socialism and LGBT rights 392:Socialist-oriented market 340:Socialist planned economy 243:Material balance planning 27204:Lancaster House Treaties 26694:Christian existentialism 26654:Ancient Roman philosophy 26644:Ancient Greek philosophy 23852:The Revolt of the Masses 20768:Violence begets violence 20701:Non-aggression principle 20571:The Non-Violence Project 20551:Promoting Enduring Peace 20534:Promoting Enduring Peace 20190:Pacifist Socialist Party 19288:Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz 18781:Socialist market economy 17639:Sassoon, Donald (1998). 17505:Emile Perreau-Saussine, 16589:Harvard University Press 16583:Roemer, John E. (1994). 16477:Orlow, Dietrich (2000). 16454:Nove, Alexander (1991). 16431:Newman, Michael (2005). 16335:Rowman & Littlefield 16310:(2nd ed.). Lanham: 15779:Rowman & Littlefield 15749:Harvard University Press 15345:(1995). "Socialism". In 14736:"Ecology and Revolution" 14510:. 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Therefore, 3064:Reform versus revolution 2697:, early French socialist 2022:to mean a stage between 1931:Marie Roch Louis Reybaud 387:Socialist market economy 312:Workers' self-management 278:Socialism in one country 125:Age of the Enlightenment 39:latest accepted revision 26982:Equality before the law 26189:Romano-Germanic culture 26059:Soviet Union portal 24658:North Korea (1947–1948) 24653:North Korea (1946–1947) 23832:The Communist Manifesto 22758:Tyranny of the majority 22669:Consent of the governed 21644:Individualist anarchism 20862:Military action in Iran 20497:Monuments and memorials 20447:Concert Yutel for Peace 20250:React, Include, Recycle 20180:List of peace activists 20145:Conscientious objectors 18999:Étienne-Gabriel Morelly 18989:Gabriel Bonnot de Mably 18669:Equality of opportunity 18624:Criticism of capitalism 18368:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism 18125:Left-wing laissez-faire 17888:Encyclopædia Britannica 17868:Encyclopædia Britannica 17827:Encyclopædia Britannica 17818:Kirkup, Thomas (1887). 17779:Encyclopædia Britannica 17745:Wilberg, Peter (2003). 17212:Oxford University Press 17022:Wellington, New Zealand 16978:Encyclopædia Britannica 16910:Sermons from the Latins 16437:Oxford University Press 16238:Kendall, Diana (2011). 16129:Hanna, Sami A. (1969). 15998:Oxford University Press 15593:Oxford University Press 15451:The Wall Street Journal 14388:The greening of Marxism 14355:Clark, John P. (1984). 14274:. 1978 . 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M. S. Namboodiripad 19592:Martin Luther King Jr. 19268:Luis Emilio Recabarren 19263:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon 19198:Alexandre Ledru-Rollin 18887:Labor-time calculation 18852:Decentralized planning 18756:Proletarian revolution 18711:State-owned enterprise 18629:Criticism of socialism 17726:(hardcover ed.). 17624:. St. Martin's Press. 17380:Martell, Luke (2023). 17344:The Case for Socialism 17206:Imlay, Talbot (2018). 16585:A Future for Socialism 16497:"Abu Dharr al-Ghifari" 16400:Meyer, Thomas (2013). 16212:. pp. 1515–1516. 15680:, ed. 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For early socialist 5251: 5218: 5210: 5134: 5027: 4956:collectivist anarchism 4925: 4843: 4677:and the principle of " 4646: 4509: 4436: 4377:Martin Luther King Jr. 4372: 4153: 4093:labour theory of value 4069: 4062:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon 4029:Neoclassical economist 3906:State-directed economy 3805:bureaucratic interests 3768: 3714: 3686: 3666:Decentralised planning 3573:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon 3430: 3401: 3366:Love Music Hate Racism 3362:Stop the War Coalition 3288:New York Intellectuals 3263: 3194: 3162:New York Intellectuals 3154:Proletarian literature 2980:libertarian socialists 2907:of 1871) are that the 2873: 2825: 2787:reserve army of labour 2783:unemployment insurance 2698: 2685:European Enlightenment 2568:Peruvian Aprista Party 2276:Anti-Rightist Movement 2239: 2222:Australian Labor Party 2042:renamed itself to the 1886: 1873: 1854: 1848: 1393:Criticism of socialism 345:Decentralized planning 248:Peer‑to‑peer economics 27264:Three Seas Initiative 27239:Pacific Islands Forum 27104:British–Irish Council 26852:Greek Orthodox Church 26311:Industrial Revolution 26281:Scientific Revolution 25733:List of metro systems 25286:Collective leadership 22674:Divine right of kings 21674:Post-scarcity economy 21649:Libertarian socialism 21634:Free-market socialism 21565:Market fundamentalism 21550:Capitalist propaganda 21144:Industrial Revolution 21059:Anarchy of production 20785:wars or their aspects 20706:Nonviolent resistance 20556:Show of Peace Concert 20321:Anti-nuclear movement 20005:Socialism WikiProject 19767:Léopold Sédar Senghor 19462:Cornelius Castoriadis 19328:Alfred Russel Wallace 19093:Nikolay Chernyshevsky 19058:Louis Auguste Blanqui 19018:Stephen Pearl Andrews 18847:Cooperative ownership 18363:Maoism–Third Worldism 17859:Bonar, James (1911). 17663:The ABCs of Socialism 17582:. Thousand Oaks, CA: 17526:Yale University Press 17337:. Praeger Publishers. 17237:Itoh, Makoto (1995). 17126:. Arcade Publishing. 16159:Heilbroner, Robert L. 16153:on 13 September 2010. 16090:"Anti-anti-communism" 16064:Duke University Press 15637:10.4135/9781412994163 14920:10.4324/9780203423363 14793:Mellor, Mary (1992). 14738:. Dwardmac.pitzer.edu 14712:. Dwardmac.pitzer.edu 14092:The New World of Love 13971:Ackelsberg, Martha A. 13931:Dunbar-Ortiz, Roxanne 13793:Stokes, John (2000). 13728:www.feministezine.com 13580:The Conquest of Bread 13572:The Conquest of Bread 13447:O'Neil, John (1998). 13127:Language and Politics 13107:(1991). "Anarchism". 12836:Cox, Michael (1992). 12289:Draper, Hal (1970) . 12210:Draper, Hal (1970) . 12058:"entry for Blanquism" 11791:, pp. 52, 58–59. 11656:John Wiley & Sons 11486:(25 September 2013). 11004:7 August 2020 at the 10999:"Socialistic Letters" 10815:Johnston, R. (2000). 10755:"Working for The Man" 10171:Golan, Galia (1971). 10138:Estrin, Saul (1991). 9904:Estrin, Saul (1991). 8398:Schaff, Kory (2001). 7838:Nature Communications 7829:Steinberger, Julia K. 7411:Wilson, Fred (2007). 6827:Krause-Jackson (2019) 6642:Smith, J. W. (2005). 6306:, Inc. p. 1345. 6298:Kolb, Robert (2007). 5985:, pp. 1515–1516. 5234: 5169:Woman under Socialism 5128: 5021: 4920: 4899:associations such as 4834:libertarian communist 4818: 4811:Libertarian socialism 4805:Libertarian socialism 4751:and as leader of the 4671:democratic centralism 4665:concepts and Lenin's 4651:Louis Auguste Blanqui 4640: 4536:positions insofar as 4520:for its support of a 4504: 4432: 4414:collective bargaining 4367: 4335:labor theory of value 4322:libertarian socialist 4280:libertarian communism 4143: 4060: 3825:as a new alternative 3760: 3700: 3682: 3503:The ownership of the 3420: 3396: 3374:Unite Against Fascism 3354:industrial capitalism 3348:in opposition to the 3255: 3190: 3142:non-reformist reforms 2985:Soviet economic model 2868:political theory and 2859: 2820: 2693: 2673:natural rights theory 2531:from the Greek party 2234: 2154:democratic revolution 2097:was too close to the 1907:Industrial Revolution 1864: 1816:Soviet economic model 1774:and his collaborator 1749:income redistribution 1604:encompassing diverse 27572:Left-wing ideologies 27259:Special Relationship 26669:Christian philosophy 26614:Western Christianity 26276:Age of Enlightenment 26150:Hellenistic Kingdoms 25695:Net material product 25638:Censorship of images 25555:Political repression 25515:Soviet Border Troops 25448:First Deputy Premier 25032:1965 economic reform 25027:Soviet space program 24885:History of socialism 23822:Democracy in America 23201:political philosophy 23184:political philosophy 22999:political philosophy 22828:political philosophy 22738:Separation of powers 22699:Night-watchman state 22684:Monopoly on violence 22218:Political philosophy 21735:Political ideologies 21129:Financial Revolution 21094:Economic development 20867:Sri Lankan Civil War 20761:Turn the other cheek 20576:University for Peace 20487:List of peace prizes 20030:Communism portal 20018:Socialism portal 19969:Socialism by country 19567:Pablo Iglesias Posse 19273:Henri de Saint-Simon 19228:Nikolay Mikhaylovsky 18882:Industrial democracy 18689:History of socialism 18684:History of communism 18679:History of anarchism 17840:Adams, Thomas Sewall 17590:. pp. 474–476. 17548:Property and Freedom 17346:(Updated ed.). 17342:Maass, Alan (2010). 17315:Monthly Review Press 17266:Rethinking Socialism 17191:. pp. 466–468. 17187:. Indianapolis, IN: 17106:. New York: Bantam. 16950:(reprint ed.). 16912:. Benziger Brothers. 16756:Steele, David Ramsay 16606:Roosa, John (2006). 16329:Lamb, Peter (2015). 15809:. pp. 238–240. 15615:Berg-Schlosser, Dirk 15522:Blumenthal, David A. 15493:Engel-DiMauro (2021) 15487:, pp. 238–240; 15432:Engel-DiMauro (2021) 15359:Blackwell Publishing 15165:. pp. 685–692. 14879:Taylor & Francis 14386:Benton, Ted (1996). 13764:10.1300/j082v45n02_a 13695:(21 February 2013). 13113:Blackwell Publishing 13105:Ostergaard, Geoffrey 13091:Blackwell Publishing 12969:The Campus Chronicle 12191:on 28 September 2011 12137:Leninism or Marxism? 12122:Leninism or Marxism? 12120:(later published as 11172:democratic socialism 10919:Anarchist historian 10595:. 2005. p. 14. 10350:on 10 September 2010 10311:"China and the OECD" 10291:Online. 13 July 2005 10228:Blackwell Publishing 9878:Dolgoff, S. (1974), 9823:Group. p. 131. 9821:Greenwood Publishing 9479:Ericson, Richard E. 8752:on 24 September 2018 8552:Monthly Review Press 8546:Draper, Hal (1990). 8188:Australian Socialist 8184:"What is capitalism" 7731:"Rose thou art sick" 7247:(revised ed.). 6391:Taylor & Francis 5841:Socialism by country 5836:Scientific socialism 5534:, 72% supported the 5441:population pressures 5417:philosophies within 5394:environmental issues 5334:Gay Liberation Front 5287:The Intermediate Sex 5202:Voltairine de Cleyre 5055:Medina welfare state 4914:Anarcho-syndicalist 4905:citizens' assemblies 4788:transitional program 4749:pre-Civil War period 4701:socialism from below 4689:socialism from above 4663:scientific socialist 4556:. It considers both 4526:democratic socialism 4359:Democratic socialism 4288:anarcho-syndicalists 4272:workers cooperatives 4235:Anarchism advocates 4021:capital accumulation 3975:British Shipbuilders 3934:Steady-state economy 3660:Self-managed economy 3178:Constructivism (art) 3113:democratic socialism 3047:religious socialists 3023:Henri de Saint-Simon 3013:Scientific socialism 2983:identified with the 2800:Ricardian socialists 2758:capital accumulation 2618:of the conservative 2550:, after winning the 2501:Progressive Alliance 2460:was launched by the 2448:Victorian Socialists 2327:collective ownership 2320:Anarcho-syndicalists 2303:and social welfare. 2258:and the creation of 2228:for a week in 1899. 2226:Colony of Queensland 2214:Democratic socialism 2210:scientific socialism 2184:Age of Enlightenment 2178:History of socialism 2018:was appropriated by 2012:Bolshevik Revolution 1935:cooperative movement 1894:Henri de Saint-Simon 1824:democratic socialist 1725:social interventions 1689:capital accumulation 1602:political philosophy 1543:Communism portal 1526:Socialism portal 218:Industrial democracy 168:Collective ownership 62:For other uses, see 27597:Political movements 27587:Economic ideologies 27284:West Nordic Council 27149:Eastern Partnership 26738:Analytic philosophy 26439:Classical tradition 26261:Early modern period 26217:Classical antiquity 26212:European Bronze Age 25763:Academy of Sciences 25578:Population transfer 25522:Soviet Armed Forces 25385:Congress of Soviets 25366:Presidium/Politburo 25330:Soviet anti-Zionism 25179:West Siberian Plain 25057:Revolutions of 1989 24994:Great Patriotic War 24979:New Economic Policy 24821:Estonia (1918–1919) 24715:Hungary (1949–1989) 24012:Right-wing politics 23892:A Theory of Justice 23862:The Road to Serfdom 23782:The Social Contract 22489:Christian democracy 21853:Christian democracy 21604:Anarcho-syndicalism 21599:Anarcho-primitivism 21484:Economic inequality 21099:Economic liberalism 20909:Nuclear disarmament 20892:in Russian Far East 20649:Department of Peace 20634:Counter-recruitment 20629:Conflict resolution 20619:Central Park be-ins 20607:Slogans and tactics 20586:Japanese Peace Bell 20376:Non-interventionism 20371:Modern-war pacifism 20309:Christian anarchism 19772:George Bernard Shaw 19682:François Mitterrand 19597:Alexandra Kollontai 19572:Jayaprakash Narayan 19253:Constantin Pecqueur 19073:Philippe Buonarroti 19028:John Goodwyn Barmby 18927:Workplace democracy 18837:Calculation in kind 18827:Anarchist economics 18776:Socialist economics 18674:Equality of outcome 18614:Anarchist economics 18321:Ho Chi Minh Thought 18194:Libertarian Marxism 18189:Left-libertarianism 17566:Prychitko, David L. 17476:, Routledge, 1998. 17426:on 19 October 2014. 17364:Marx & Engels, 17291:. Minneapolis, MN: 17181:Henderson, David R. 17120:Harrington, Michael 17100:Harrington, Michael 17054:. Garden City, NY: 16781:(2 December 2022). 16525:Prychitko, David L. 16312:The Scarecrow Press 16082:Ghodsee, Kristen R. 15550:Arneson, Richard J. 15232:(Second ed.). 15104:. 23 February 2023. 14676:on 12 October 2013. 13748:"Acknowledgments". 13178:at An Anarchist FAQ 12353:"Lenin and Trotsky" 11840:Adams, Ian (1998). 10908:Individual Liberty. 10789:on 14 December 2006 10732:"Towards Anarchism" 10638:on 5 January 2012. 10244:Voluntary Socialism 10157:10.1257/jep.5.4.187 9925:10.1257/jep.5.4.187 9587:. pp. 201–243. 9493:on 25 November 2011 9252:Vrousalis, Nicholas 8356:(1859). "Preface". 8294:, pp. 197–198. 8163:on 28 February 2014 7925:2022Natur.612..400H 7851:2020NatCo..11.3107W 7482:. pp. 207–235. 7388:Bloomsbury Academic 6789:, pp. 96–110; 6770:Facts on File. Inc. 6250:(Second ed.). 6051:The Free Dictionary 5831:Socialist democracy 5736:means of production 5554:was a specifically 5475:Anarcho-syndicalism 5398:Henry David Thoreau 5353:alter-globalisation 5313:Communist Party USA 5194:Alexandra Kollontai 5149:sources of women's 5129:Socialist feminist 5013:Christian socialism 5008:Religious socialism 5002:Religious socialism 4976:libertarian Marxism 4952:anarcho-syndicalism 4907:, trade unions and 4848:left-libertarianism 4601:John Maynard Keynes 4546:means of production 4237:stateless societies 4187:means of production 4148:, New York City on 4085:means of production 4064:, main theorist of 4017:means of production 3991:Yarrow Shipbuilders 3940:means of production 3858:Anarcho-syndicalism 3854:means of production 3801:information network 3545:means of production 3505:means of production 3386:Socialist economics 3208:false consciousness 3186:Russian avant-garde 2584:La France Insoumise 2560:Israeli Labor Party 2343:Revolutions of 1989 2264:means of production 2252:Third International 2206:Revolutions of 1848 2164:indifferent to the 2150:Revolutions of 1848 2146:worker cooperatives 2118:in England and the 1871:Rudolf Sutermeister 1828:revolutions of 1989 1782:and advocacy for a 1624:. It describes the 1618:means of production 1428:Market abolitionism 1413:Left-libertarianism 350:Inclusive Democracy 317:Workplace democracy 163:Calculation in kind 145:Socialist economics 135:Revolutions of 1848 29:Page version status 26743:Post-structuralism 26706:Christian humanism 26336:Universal suffrage 25408:Military Collegium 25276:Capital punishment 25154:Caucasus Mountains 25067:Post-Soviet states 24947:Russian Revolution 24786:Byelorussia (1919) 24024:Political violence 24019:Political theology 24002:Left-wing politics 23997:Political spectrum 21768:Political spectrum 21624:Economic democracy 21445:Private foundation 20803:American Civil War 20695:Make love, not war 20669:Economic sanctions 20624:Civil disobedience 20457:Festival for Peace 20430:Media and cultural 20416:Testimony of peace 20336:Christian pacifism 19954:Marxist philosophy 19871:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu 19692:Gamal Abdel Nasser 19647:Alasdair MacIntyre 19417:Simone de Beauvoir 19188:Ferdinand Lassalle 18955:Tommaso Campanella 18902:Production for use 18862:Economic democracy 18731:Mode of production 18721:Left-wing politics 18700:The Internationale 18383:Xi Jinping Thought 17173:Heilbroner, Robert 16992:Socialist Planning 16952:Palgrave Macmillan 16922:Why Not Socialism? 16905:"Socialism." 16900:Bellarmine, Robert 16795:on 15 January 2023 16681:Schweickart, David 16379:Ashgate Publishing 16198:"Social ownership" 16032:Kukathas, Chandran 15857:Palgrave MacMillan 15692:on 19 October 2019 15544:on 5 January 2016. 15466:on 12 January 2018 15234:Palgrave Macmillan 15163:Palgrave Macmillan 15151:Blume, Lawrence E. 15147:Durlauf, Steven N. 15127:on 22 October 2020 15121:The Point Magazine 14616:on 25 October 2012 14392:The Guilford Press 14096:Éditions Anthropos 14028:on 4 November 2011 13799:Ashgate Publishing 13693:Paracha, Nadeem F. 13477:by Various Authors 12842:The Russian Review 12485:10.1007/BF00818977 12299:on 20 January 2016 12220:on 20 January 2016 11906:. pp. 60–61. 11595:"Social democracy" 11484:Radcliff, Benjamin 11322:The New York Times 11121:Al Jazeera America 10760:The Globe and Mail 10323:on 10 October 2008 10265:. 19 December 2006 10068:Socialist Standard 9748:. Princeton, NJ.: 9170:Whither Socialism? 8686:Socialist Standard 7413:"John Stuart Mill" 6985:Kołakowski, Leszek 6831:Best et al. (2011) 6571:Palgrave Macmillan 6252:Palgrave Macmillan 5857:Types of socialism 5728:right-libertarians 5720:economic freedom. 5686:socialist movement 5671:analytical Marxist 5573:and 39% favouring 5536:re-nationalisation 5497:Spanish Revolution 5493:capitalist society 5328:in the US and the 5317:Mattachine Society 5305:Russian Revolution 5276:, he advocates an 5252: 5135: 5091:Socialist feminism 5028: 4860:anti-authoritarian 4844: 4774:, the tactic of a 4647: 4510: 4449:economic democracy 4437: 4386:economic democracy 4301:The authoritarian– 4276:anarcho-communists 4154: 4070: 3983:Govan Shipbuilders 3866:Spanish Revolution 3827:mode of production 3769: 3715: 3670:Economic democracy 3541:right libertarians 3533:commanding heights 3509:worker cooperative 3498:Nicholas Vrousalis 3472:proposals such as 3431: 3392:Production for use 3264: 2961:Ferdinand Lassalle 2874: 2796:utopian socialists 2739:financial industry 2699: 2644:Types of socialism 2472:in Argentina, the 2365:Early 21st century 2280:Great Leap Forward 2240: 2058:and later that of 1874: 1764:political movement 1745:liberal democratic 1662:political spectrum 1433:Marxist philosophy 253:Production for use 223:Input–output model 188:Economic democracy 35: 27313: 27312: 27307: 27306: 27134:Council of Europe 27036:International law 26989:Constitutionalism 26847:Eastern Orthodoxy 26353:Post–Cold War era 26286:Age of Revolution 26140:Greco-Roman world 26078: 26077: 26042: 26041: 26034:Hammer and sickle 25976:and their groups 25974:Soviet dissidents 25753:Communist Academy 25670:Economic planning 25646: 25645: 25539:Soviet Air Forces 25458:Security services 25378:General Secretary 25361:Central Committee 25303:Political parties 25235:Brezhnev Doctrine 25230:Foreign relations 25187: 25186: 25128:Autonomous okrugs 25042:Soviet–Afghan War 25022:Sino-Soviet split 24964:Russian Civil War 24891: 24890: 24878: 24877: 24874: 24873: 24671: 24670: 24413:Congo-Brazzaville 24309:Regional variants 24077: 24076: 23987:Philosophy of law 23932:Conflict theories 23772:The Spirit of Law 23679: 23678: 22728:Original position 22184: 22183: 21883:Constitutionalism 21746:The Establishment 21701: 21700: 21594:Anarcho-communism 21465:Spontaneous order 21460:Social alienation 21417:Economic mobility 21104:Economic planning 21001: 21000: 20904:Military taxation 20774:War tax resisters 20341:Deterrence theory 20120:Anti-war movement 20050: 20049: 19923:Socialist parties 19904: 19903: 19807:Ram Manohar Lohia 19747:Gaetano Salvemini 19532:Mikhail Gorbachev 19243:Antonie Pannekoek 18872:Equal opportunity 18867:Economic planning 18600: 18599: 18489:African-Caribbean 18477:Regional variants 18204:Council communism 18072:Saint-Simonianism 17882:"Socialism" 17862:"Socialism" 17845:"Socialism" 17821:"Socialism" 17618:Rubel, Maximilien 17404:Muravchik, Joshua 16972:"Socialism" 16777:Sullivan, Dylan; 16683:; Lawler, James; 16505:Oxford University 16088:(22 March 2018). 15988:Esposito, John L. 15875:Brus, Wlodzimierz 15646:978-1-4129-5963-6 15629:SAGE Publications 15619:Morlino, Leonardo 15495:, pp. 1–17; 15413:on 26 August 2018 15347:Goodin, Robert E. 14871:Guha, Ramachandra 14640:Anarchist Writers 13626:978-0-19-860024-4 13471:(Benjamin) Tucker 13272:personal property 13148:Sage Publications 13039:Joseph Déjacque, 12987:Wolff, Richard D. 12822:978-1-931859-19-6 12795:978-0-300-13724-8 12768:978-1-000-70651-2 12741:978-1-134-94783-6 12714:978-0-7486-0317-6 12689:978-0-929087-48-1 12662:978-1-78168-721-5 12635:978-1-000-88190-5 12608:978-1-78960-701-7 12581:978-0-19-827233-5 12554:978-1-000-88190-5 12527:978-90-04-26953-8 12453:978-1-893638-97-6 12428:978-1-134-26191-8 12401:978-0-300-13493-3 12374:978-1-137-51649-7 12181:"Vladimir Lenin, 12068:on 21 August 2008 11555:World Development 11544:Sullivan, Dylan; 10889:McLaughlin (2007) 10859:McLaughlin (2007) 10811:McLaughlin (2007) 10728:Malatesta, Errico 10059:Hardcastle, Edgar 9670:Vanek, Jaroslav, 9647:"Guild Socialism" 9481:"Command Economy" 9304:978-0-684-83569-3 9271:978-0-19286-769-8 9211:Table of Contents 9172:. The MIT Press. 8968:978-1-136-79864-1 8941:978-1-108-21041-6 8916:978-1-78168-560-0 8842:978-0-19-827233-5 8784:978-1-931859-16-5 8595:Engels, Friedrich 8554:. pp. 1–21. 8527:on 4 January 2006 8306:, pp. 60–61. 8214:Engels, Friedrich 8153:Wolff, Richard D. 8042:on 22 August 2019 7919:(7940): 400–403. 7513:978-1-74051-033-2 7494:Blainey, Geoffrey 7361:Engels, Friedrich 7327:Williams, Raymond 7109:Russell, Bertrand 6787:Heilbroner (1991) 6304:Sage Publications 6131:978-0-262-18234-8 6091:978-0-15-512403-5 5748:economic planning 5732:private ownership 5724:Economic liberals 5373:social ecologists 5250:western movements 5206:Spanish Civil War 5183:were against the 5141:that argues that 5031:Islamic socialism 4992:utopian socialism 4980:council communism 4948:anarcho-communism 4936:free associations 4909:workers' councils 4772:socialist parties 4718:type of socialism 4542:private ownership 4540:is linked to the 4497:Liberal socialism 4493:Ethical socialism 4391:actually existing 4248:free associations 4239:often defined as 4182:private ownership 4158:utopian socialist 4132:The labor problem 3963:British Aerospace 3889:Marxian economist 3860:was practised in 3834:Anarcho-communism 3766:economic planning 3641:Marxist–Leninists 3608:economic planning 3554:economic planning 3537:Economic liberals 3443:Marxian economics 3307:Socialist realism 3017:Utopian socialism 2991:Joseph Schumpeter 2978:, anarchists and 2976:council communism 2974:currents such as 2934:Role of the state 2920:orthodox Marxists 2887:classless society 2870:Marxian economics 2847:productive forces 2750:productive forces 2517:social-democratic 2484:in Peru, and the 2470:Front for Victory 2335:workers' councils 2310:gave rise to the 2248:communist parties 2188:French Revolution 2064:communist parties 2028:productive forces 1915:economic planning 1911:wealth inequality 1898:utopian socialism 1867:utopian socialist 1826:". Following the 1705:Socialist parties 1622:private ownership 1612:characterised by 1591: 1590: 1383:Communist society 1355:Socialist parties 614:Saint-Simonianism 203:Equal opportunity 193:Economic planning 130:French Revolution 47:29 September 2024 26: 16:(Redirected from 27604: 27592:Economic systems 27552: 27544: 27543: 27542: 27535: 27534:from Wikiversity 27527: 27526: 27525: 27518: 27510: 27509: 27508: 27501: 27493: 27492: 27491: 27484: 27476: 27475: 27474: 27467: 27459: 27458: 27457: 27450: 27442: 27441: 27440: 27430: 27414: 27413: 27402: 27401: 27390: 27389: 27378: 27377: 27376: 27366: 27365: 27364: 27356:Organized Labour 27354: 27353: 27342: 27341: 27340: 27330: 27329: 27321: 27179:EU Customs Union 26711:Secular humanism 26659:Christian ethics 26609:East–West Schism 26592:Physical culture 26316:Great Divergence 26266:Age of Discovery 26105: 26098: 26091: 26082: 26081: 26068: 26067: 26057: 26056: 26055: 25805: 25804: 25713: 25568:Collectivization 25313:Marxism–Leninism 25198: 25197: 25087: 25086: 24918: 24911: 24904: 24895: 24894: 24741: 24740: 24598: 24597: 24388: 24387: 24383:socialist states 24262:African-American 24104: 24097: 24090: 24081: 24080: 23992:Political ethics 23982:Machiavellianism 23922:Authoritarianism 23907: 23897: 23887: 23877: 23867: 23857: 23847: 23837: 23827: 23817: 23807: 23797: 23787: 23777: 23767: 23757: 23747: 23737: 23727: 23717: 23707: 23697: 22773: 22772: 22714: 22650: 22640:Balance of power 22614:Social democracy 22609:Social Darwinism 22584:Multiculturalism 22529:Environmentalism 22504:Communitarianism 22211: 22204: 22197: 22188: 22187: 22111:Internationalism 22042:Authoritarianism 22011:Social democracy 21905:Environmentalism 21868:Communitarianism 21728: 21721: 21714: 21705: 21704: 21684:Social anarchism 21659:Market socialism 21654:Market anarchism 21560:Critique of work 21450:Private property 21412:Economic freedom 21407:Decentralization 21385:Cultural aspects 21346:Regulated market 21124:Financial crisis 21109:Entrepreneurship 21028: 21021: 21014: 21005: 21004: 20828:list of protests 20689:Lesson of Munich 20644:Demilitarisation 20522:Peace journalism 20316:Anti-imperialism 20299:Anarcho-pacifism 20235:Peace psychology 20215:Peace conference 20210:Peace commission 20155:Culture of Peace 20090: 20083: 20076: 20067: 20066: 20054: 20053: 20040: 20039: 20028: 20027: 20026: 20016: 20015: 20002: 20001: 19990: 19989: 19891:Yanis Varoufakis 19844: 19757:Jean-Paul Sartre 19742:Bertrand Russell 19717:Sylvia Pankhurst 19697:Jawaharlal Nehru 19562:Dolores Ibárruri 19527:Einar Gerhardsen 19507:Alexander Dubček 19457:Nikolai Bukharin 19367:Salvador Allende 19355: 19338:Wilhelm Weitling 19323:Suzanne Voilquin 19308:William Thompson 19298:Lysander Spooner 19258:Georgi Plekhanov 19248:Giovanni Pascoli 19213:Errico Malatesta 19208:Helen Macfarlane 19153:Alexander Herzen 19128:Friedrich Engels 19123:Prosper Enfantin 19118:W. E. B. Du Bois 19088:Edward Carpenter 19048:Eduard Bernstein 19011: 18994:Sylvain Maréchal 18972: 18948: 18942: 18941: 18907:Public ownership 18857:Direct democracy 18842:Common ownership 18806:Workers' council 18791:State capitalism 18706:Internationalism 18639:Critique of work 18619:Anti-revisionism 18296:Marxism–Leninism 18130:Left-wing market 18087: 18086: 18047:Social democracy 17930: 17920: 17913: 17906: 17897: 17896: 17892: 17891:(12th ed.). 17884: 17872: 17864: 17855: 17847: 17831: 17823: 17804: 17762: 17741: 17720:Weinstein, James 17715: 17703: 17680: 17659:Sunkara, Bhaskar 17654: 17635: 17613: 17561: 17539: 17466: 17427: 17422:. Archived from 17399: 17361: 17338: 17329: 17304: 17280: 17256: 17233: 17202: 17168: 17137: 17115: 17095: 17072:Ghodsee, Kristen 17067: 17056:Doubleday Anchor 17046: 17044: 17042: 17010: 16995:(3rd ed.). 16982: 16974: 16965: 16939: 16913: 16907: 16886: 16861: 16854:Woodcock, George 16849: 16839: 16808: 16802: 16800: 16791:. Archived from 16773: 16751: 16733: 16710: 16676: 16674: 16672: 16656: 16636: 16625: 16602: 16579: 16577: 16575: 16542: 16520: 16518: 16516: 16511:on 10 March 2022 16507:. Archived from 16492: 16473: 16450: 16427: 16396: 16367: 16348: 16333:(3rd ed.). 16325: 16302: 16300: 16298: 16280: 16278: 16276: 16267: 16257: 16244:Cengage Learning 16234: 16228: 16226: 16202:Michie, Jonathan 16189: 16177: 16175: 16173: 16154: 16149:. Archived from 16141:(3–4): 275–286. 16135:The Muslim World 16125: 16110: 16104: 16102: 16077: 16054:Ghodsee, Kristen 16049: 16023: 15983: 15944: 15942: 15940: 15922: 15901:Busky, Donald F. 15896: 15870: 15849:Bratberg, Øivind 15843: 15820: 15792: 15762: 15736: 15723: 15706:Beckett, Francis 15701: 15699: 15697: 15688:. Archived from 15678:Barrett, William 15673: 15650: 15606: 15590: 15579: 15545: 15540:. Archived from 15499: 15482: 15476: 15475: 15473: 15471: 15462:. Archived from 15441: 15435: 15434:, pp. 1–17. 15429: 15423: 15422: 15420: 15418: 15409:. Archived from 15407:newcriterion.com 15398: 15392: 15391: 15373: 15367: 15366: 15339: 15333: 15332: 15317: 15311: 15310: 15288: 15282: 15281: 15279: 15277: 15266: 15260: 15259: 15244: 15238: 15237: 15225: 15219: 15218: 15199: 15193: 15191: 15189: 15187: 15143: 15137: 15136: 15134: 15132: 15123:. Archived from 15112: 15106: 15105: 15102:Fraser Institute 15094: 15088: 15087: 15076: 15070: 15069: 15062: 15056: 15055: 15043: 15037: 15036: 15025: 15019: 15018: 15016: 15008: 15002: 15001: 14989: 14983: 14982: 14975: 14969: 14968: 14960: 14954: 14953: 14940: 14934: 14933: 14907: 14901: 14900: 14867: 14861: 14860: 14827: 14821: 14820: 14790: 14784: 14783: 14754: 14748: 14747: 14745: 14743: 14734:(16 June 2004). 14732:Bookchin, Murray 14728: 14722: 14721: 14719: 14717: 14702: 14696: 14695: 14684: 14678: 14677: 14672:. Archived from 14662: 14656: 14655: 14653: 14651: 14642:. Archived from 14632: 14626: 14625: 14623: 14621: 14612:. Archived from 14606: 14600: 14599: 14584: 14582: 14566: 14560: 14559: 14557: 14555: 14546:. Archived from 14544:greenleft.org.uk 14536: 14530: 14529: 14500: 14494: 14493: 14460: 14454: 14453: 14420: 14414: 14413: 14383: 14377: 14376: 14363:Black Rose Books 14352: 14346: 14345: 14322:Eckersley, Robyn 14318: 14312: 14311: 14294: 14288: 14287: 14285: 14283: 14278:on 30 April 2012 14268: 14262: 14259:Washington Blade 14245: 14239: 14238: 14236: 14234: 14229:on 19 April 2012 14228: 14222:. Archived from 14217: 14209: 14203: 14202: 14178: 14172: 14171: 14138: 14132: 14130: 14106: 14100: 14099: 14084:Fourier, Charles 14080: 14074: 14073: 14044: 14038: 14037: 14035: 14033: 14024:. Archived from 14009: 14003: 14002: 13967: 13961: 13960: 13927: 13921: 13920: 13918: 13916: 13900: 13894: 13893: 13891: 13889: 13873: 13867: 13866: 13864: 13862: 13846: 13840: 13839: 13837: 13835: 13819: 13813: 13812: 13790: 13784: 13783: 13745: 13739: 13738: 13736: 13734: 13720: 13714: 13713: 13711: 13709: 13689: 13683: 13682: 13644: 13638: 13637: 13635: 13633: 13603:Hastings, Adrian 13600: 13589: 13583: 13576:Kropotkin, Peter 13568: 13562: 13561: 13550: 13544: 13543: 13536:Bookchin, Murray 13532: 13526: 13525: 13520:. Archived from 13510: 13504: 13497: 13491: 13484: 13478: 13475:An Anarchist FAQ 13467: 13461: 13460: 13444: 13438: 13437: 13431: 13429: 13415: 13409: 13408: 13391: 13385: 13378: 13372: 13371: 13340: 13334: 13327: 13321: 13320: 13298: 13292: 13289: 13283: 13278:by abolition of 13268:private property 13259: 13253: 13246: 13240: 13239:An Anarchist FAQ 13226: 13217: 13214:An Anarchist FAQ 13198: 13192: 13185: 13179: 13165: 13159: 13146:5 vols. London: 13140: 13134: 13123: 13117: 13116: 13101: 13095: 13094: 13082: 13076: 13075: 13054:Bookchin, Murray 13050: 13044: 13037: 13031: 13030: 13019: 13013: 13012: 13010: 13008: 13003:on 11 March 2018 12999:. Archived from 12989:(27 June 2015). 12983: 12981: 12979: 12960: 12954: 12953: 12951: 12949: 12943: 12937:. Archived from 12912: 12903: 12897: 12896: 12894: 12892: 12872: 12866: 12865: 12833: 12827: 12826: 12806: 12800: 12799: 12779: 12773: 12772: 12752: 12746: 12745: 12725: 12719: 12718: 12700: 12694: 12693: 12673: 12667: 12666: 12646: 12640: 12639: 12619: 12613: 12612: 12592: 12586: 12585: 12565: 12559: 12558: 12538: 12532: 12531: 12511: 12505: 12504: 12479:(1/3): 159–188. 12464: 12458: 12457: 12439: 12433: 12432: 12412: 12406: 12405: 12385: 12379: 12378: 12348: 12342: 12341: 12319: 12313: 12312: 12306: 12304: 12286: 12280: 12279: 12257: 12251: 12236: 12230: 12229: 12227: 12225: 12207: 12201: 12200: 12198: 12196: 12187:. Archived from 12177: 12171: 12168:Marxism–Leninism 12165: 12159: 12126:Social democracy 12112: 12106: 12105: 12084: 12078: 12077: 12075: 12073: 12064:. Archived from 12054: 12048: 12047: 12045: 12043: 12028: 12022: 12021: 11991: 11985: 11984: 11954: 11943: 11942: 11922: 11916: 11915: 11895: 11889: 11888: 11868: 11862: 11861: 11837: 11831: 11825: 11816: 11814: 11798: 11792: 11786: 11780: 11778: 11777:on 17 June 2012. 11773:. Archived from 11762: 11756: 11755: 11733: 11727: 11726: 11696: 11690: 11684: 11678: 11677: 11647: 11641: 11635: 11626: 11616: 11610: 11609: 11607: 11605: 11591: 11585: 11584: 11571: 11541: 11535: 11534: 11532: 11530: 11525:on 7 August 2020 11521:. Archived from 11511: 11505: 11504: 11502: 11500: 11480: 11474: 11473: 11471: 11469: 11454: 11448: 11447: 11416: 11410: 11404: 11398: 11397: 11367: 11361: 11355: 11346: 11340: 11334: 11333: 11331: 11329: 11312: 11306: 11305: 11285: 11279: 11278: 11257:Raza, Syed Ali. 11254: 11248: 11242: 11236: 11235: 11214: 11208: 11207: 11194:Penn State Press 11185: 11179: 11169: 11136:Anthony Crosland 11132: 11126: 11112: 11106: 11105: 11087: 11081: 11066: 11060: 11045: 11039: 11032: 11026: 11019: 11013: 10997:Lesigne (1887). 10995: 10989: 10974: 10968: 10967: 10942:An Anarchist FAQ 10937: 10928: 10917: 10911: 10898: 10892: 10886: 10877: 10876: 10868: 10862: 10856: 10850: 10849: 10837: 10831: 10830: 10808: 10798: 10796: 10794: 10776: 10774: 10772: 10763:. Archived from 10751: 10724: 10718: 10717: 10709:. Archived from 10707:An Anarchist FAQ 10699: 10693: 10692: 10683:. Archived from 10675:Kropotkin, Peter 10671: 10665: 10664: 10649: 10643: 10642: 10634:. Archived from 10628:"IAF principles" 10624: 10615: 10614: 10606: 10600: 10599: 10584: 10578: 10571: 10565: 10564: 10554:Woodcock, George 10550: 10544: 10538: 10529: 10523: 10514: 10508: 10502: 10501: 10499: 10497: 10478: 10472: 10471: 10469: 10467: 10450: 10444: 10443: 10441: 10439: 10433: 10427:. Archived from 10426: 10418: 10412: 10411: 10409: 10407: 10392: 10386: 10385: 10383: 10381: 10366: 10360: 10359: 10357: 10355: 10339: 10333: 10332: 10330: 10328: 10322: 10315: 10307: 10301: 10300: 10298: 10296: 10281: 10275: 10274: 10272: 10270: 10255: 10249: 10248: 10238: 10232: 10231: 10219: 10213: 10212: 10210: 10208: 10197: 10191: 10190: 10168: 10162: 10161: 10159: 10135: 10129: 10123: 10117: 10116: 10095: 10089: 10088: 10082: 10080: 10055: 10049: 10048: 10046: 10044: 10038: 10031: 10021: 10015: 10009: 10003: 10002: 10000: 9998: 9984:(24 June 2012). 9978: 9972: 9971: 9936: 9930: 9929: 9927: 9901: 9895: 9894: 9875: 9869: 9868: 9845: 9839: 9838: 9810: 9804: 9803: 9801: 9799: 9794:on 14 April 2019 9784: 9778: 9777: 9775: 9773: 9768: 9760: 9754: 9753: 9734: 9728: 9727: 9703: 9697: 9696: 9694: 9692: 9681: 9675: 9668: 9662: 9661: 9659: 9657: 9643: 9634: 9633: 9618:. pp. 8–9. 9607: 9601: 9595: 9589: 9588: 9573: 9572:. pp. 1–40. 9558: 9552: 9550: 9537:Pathfinder Press 9525: 9519: 9509: 9503: 9502: 9500: 9498: 9492: 9486:. Archived from 9485: 9476: 9470: 9469: 9451: 9445: 9444: 9421: 9415: 9409: 9403: 9397: 9391: 9390: 9374: 9364: 9358: 9357: 9355: 9353: 9342: 9336: 9335: 9329: 9325: 9323: 9315: 9313: 9311: 9289: 9283: 9282: 9280: 9278: 9248: 9242: 9241: 9224: 9218: 9205: 9200:(2nd ed.). 9193: 9187: 9186: 9165: 9159: 9158: 9132: 9126: 9125: 9104: 9098: 9092: 9086: 9085: 9072: 9066: 9065: 9056:"Why Socialism?" 9052:Einstein, Albert 9048: 9042: 9041: 9029: 9023: 9022: 9010: 9004: 9003: 8979: 8973: 8972: 8952: 8946: 8945: 8927: 8921: 8920: 8900: 8894: 8893: 8853: 8847: 8846: 8826: 8820: 8813: 8807: 8806: 8803:www.marxists.org 8795: 8789: 8788: 8768: 8762: 8761: 8759: 8757: 8748:. Archived from 8746:Socialist Review 8737: 8731: 8730: 8724: 8722: 8703: 8697: 8696: 8694: 8692: 8677: 8668: 8667: 8637: 8631: 8630: 8624: 8622: 8611: 8605: 8604: 8587: 8581: 8575: 8566: 8565: 8543: 8537: 8536: 8534: 8532: 8523:. Archived from 8513: 8507: 8506: 8498:978-0-06156161-0 8484: 8478: 8477: 8468:(2nd ed.). 8461: 8455: 8449: 8443: 8442: 8424: 8418: 8417: 8395: 8389: 8388: 8370: 8364: 8363: 8350: 8341: 8340: 8334: 8332: 8313: 8307: 8301: 8295: 8289: 8283: 8277: 8271: 8270: 8259: 8250: 8244: 8238: 8237: 8228: 8226: 8210: 8204: 8203: 8179: 8173: 8172: 8170: 8168: 8155:(29 June 2009). 8149: 8143: 8142: 8140: 8138: 8123: 8117: 8116: 8114: 8112: 8093: 8084: 8083: 8076:"The Grundrisse" 8071: 8065: 8058: 8052: 8051: 8049: 8047: 8038:. Archived from 8031: 8025: 8018: 8012: 8011: 7990: 7984: 7970: 7964: 7961: 7955: 7954: 7936: 7903:Schor, Juliet B. 7887: 7881: 7880: 7870: 7824: 7818: 7817: 7815: 7813: 7798: 7792: 7791: 7789: 7787: 7762: 7756: 7755: 7753: 7751: 7739:. 2 April 2016. 7727: 7721: 7720: 7718: 7716: 7699: 7693: 7692: 7684: 7676: 7670: 7669: 7667: 7665: 7640: 7634: 7633: 7620: 7614: 7613: 7611: 7609: 7603: 7597:. Archived from 7596: 7588: 7582: 7581: 7579: 7577: 7566: 7560: 7553: 7547: 7540:Anthony Crosland 7537: 7531: 7528:In Place of Fear 7526:Bevan, Aneurin, 7524: 7518: 7517: 7490: 7484: 7483: 7475: 7469: 7459: 7453: 7452: 7436: 7430: 7429: 7427: 7425: 7408: 7402: 7401: 7379: 7373: 7372: 7357: 7351: 7350: 7323: 7317: 7316: 7280: 7271: 7270: 7236: 7230: 7224: 7218: 7217: 7195: 7186: 7185: 7164: 7158: 7157: 7123: 7117: 7116: 7105: 7099: 7098: 7088: 7082: 7081: 7073:978-1285-05535-0 7059: 7053: 7052: 7022: 7013: 7012: 6981: 6975: 6974: 6972: 6970: 6956:"socialism (n.)" 6952: 6946: 6945: 6923: 6917: 6916: 6914: 6912: 6889: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6878: 6863: 6854: 6853: 6840: 6834: 6819:Sanandaji (2021) 6816: 6810: 6807:Sanandaji (2021) 6804: 6798: 6780: 6774: 6773: 6761: 6755: 6754: 6746: 6740: 6734: 6728: 6727: 6716:Giddens, Anthony 6712: 6706: 6705: 6680: 6674: 6668: 6662: 6661: 6639: 6633: 6627: 6621: 6608:, pp. 7–8; 6595: 6589: 6588: 6562: 6556: 6555: 6533: 6527: 6526: 6511: 6505: 6499: 6493: 6492: 6466: 6460: 6459: 6433: 6427: 6426: 6376: 6370: 6367:Prychitko (2002) 6363:Weisskopf (1992) 6352: 6346: 6328: 6322: 6321: 6302:(1st ed.). 6295: 6289: 6288: 6277:. pp. 1–3. 6266: 6260: 6259: 6236: 6230: 6229: 6224: 6222: 6205: 6199: 6198: 6173: 6167: 6157: 6151: 6145: 6139: 6138: 6115: 6105: 6099: 6098: 6071: 6065: 6064: 6059: 6057: 6043: 6037: 6036: 6004: 5998: 5992: 5986: 5980: 5974: 5971: 5891: 5885: 5879: 5796:Critique of work 5744:public ownership 5675:Erik Olin Wright 5649:Ludwig von Mises 5637: 5628: 5619: 5594:Fraser Institute 5575:broadband access 5390:Socialist League 5344:and traditional 5282:Edward Carpenter 5236:Edward Carpenter 5223: 5215: 5198:liberal feminism 5155:Marxist feminism 5105:Environmentalism 5101:Anarcho-naturism 5097:Anarcha-feminism 5077:Social movements 5067:Arab nationalism 5063:anti-colonialism 5059:anti-imperialism 5051:public ownership 4889:direct democracy 4852:social anarchism 4799:state capitalism 4792:internationalism 4790:, and socialist 4784:collectivisation 4713:Friedrich Engels 4667:anti-imperialism 4659:Eduard Bernstein 4633:Marxism–Leninism 4573:Eduard Bernstein 4569:John Stuart Mill 4530:social democracy 4455:. It supports a 4453:co-determination 4434:Eduard Bernstein 4402:social democracy 4380: 4363:Social democracy 4342:An Anarchist FAQ 4290:prefer workers' 4044:Alexander Dubček 4003:Market socialism 3997:Market socialism 3930:State capitalism 3926:Public ownership 3892:Richard D. Wolff 3850:common ownership 3846:private property 3793:Project Cybersyn 3789:Salvador Allende 3762:Project Cybersyn 3740:workers' control 3724:John Stuart Mill 3693: 3624:communist states 3577:John Stuart Mill 3529:municipalisation 3517:public ownership 3461:Market socialism 3413: 3370:Anti-Nazi League 3350:dominant culture 3346:direct democracy 3342:anti-imperialism 3326:counter-cultural 3202: 3174:Russian Futurism 3106:social democracy 2972:orthodox Marxist 2860:The writings of 2843:Friedrich Engels 2834: 2766:common ownership 2762:free association 2746:private property 2744:Socialists view 2708:Bertrand Russell 2519:, socialist and 2480:in El Salvador, 2412: 2403: 2392: 2383: 2351:environmentalism 2341:, marked by the 2316:social democracy 2301:nationalisations 2284:Herbert Morrison 2202:Friedrich Engels 2136:John Stuart Mill 2132:Wilhelm Weitling 2087:Christian Europe 2060:Marxism–Leninism 1891: 1857: 1851: 1797:environmentalism 1776:Friedrich Engels 1717:Social democracy 1709:internationalist 1697:Market socialism 1620:, as opposed to 1614:social ownership 1583: 1576: 1569: 1555:Organized Labour 1553: 1552: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1524: 1523: 1468:Workers' council 1105:Gracchi Brothers 629:Social democracy 372:Market socialism 360:Project Cybersyn 288:Soviet democracy 273:Social ownership 228:Internationalism 208:Free association 178:Common ownership 94: 71: 70: 21: 27612: 27611: 27607: 27606: 27605: 27603: 27602: 27601: 27577:Anti-capitalism 27557: 27556: 27555: 27545: 27540: 27538: 27528: 27523: 27521: 27511: 27506: 27504: 27500:from Wikisource 27494: 27489: 27487: 27477: 27472: 27470: 27460: 27455: 27453: 27449:from Wiktionary 27443: 27438: 27436: 27433: 27429:sister projects 27426:at Knowledge's 27420: 27408: 27396: 27384: 27374: 27372: 27362: 27360: 27348: 27338: 27336: 27324: 27316: 27314: 27309: 27308: 27303: 27269:UKUSA Agreement 27209:Lublin Triangle 27094:Baltic Assembly 27046: 27040: 26958: 26795: 26630: 26500:Eurolinguistics 26369: 26358:Information age 26331:Interwar period 26198: 26118: 26109: 26079: 26074: 26053: 26051: 26038: 25986: 25960: 25880: 25794: 25739: 25711: 25685:Internet domain 25680:Five-year plans 25642: 25609: 25549: 25452: 25414: 25346:Communist Party 25334: 25293:Passport system 25183: 25159:European Russia 25137: 25076: 25017:Khrushchev Thaw 24996:(World War II) 24974:Creation treaty 24928: 24922: 24892: 24887: 24870: 24851:Slovakia (1919) 24751:Alsace-Lorraine 24739: 24667: 24596: 24503: 24472: 24381: 24375: 24304: 24283: 24114: 24108: 24078: 24073: 24060: 24049:Totalitarianism 23910: 23905: 23895: 23885: 23875: 23865: 23855: 23845: 23835: 23825: 23815: 23805: 23795: 23785: 23775: 23765: 23755: 23745: 23735: 23725: 23722:Treatise on Law 23715: 23705: 23695: 23675: 23333: 23327: 23066: 23060: 22946: 22940: 22859: 22762: 22748:State of nature 22743:Social contract 22723:Ordered liberty 22711:Noblesse oblige 22628: 22462: 22391: 22220: 22215: 22185: 22180: 22176:Totalitarianism 22030: 21833:Accelerationism 21824: 21737: 21732: 21702: 21697: 21679:Sharing economy 21669:Post-capitalism 21639:Green anarchism 21578: 21545:Anti-capitalism 21532: 21468: 21379: 21371:State-sponsored 21228: 21204:Property rights 21179:Nationalization 21089:Economic bubble 21047: 21037: 21032: 21002: 20997: 20984: 20913: 20857:Afghanistan War 20808:Second Boer War 20784: 20778: 20602: 20425: 20279: 20225:Peace education 20108:Peace advocates 20103: 20094: 20059: 20051: 20046: 20034: 20024: 20022: 20010: 19978: 19927: 19900: 19836: 19762:Arthur Scargill 19732:Pierre Renaudel 19542:Antonio Gramsci 19522:Muammar Gaddafi 19517:Faiz Ahmad Faiz 19512:Albert Einstein 19452:Aristide Briand 19442:Murray Bookchin 19437:Grace Lee Boggs 19422:Walter Benjamin 19392:Chiang Kai-shek 19372:Inejirō Asanuma 19347: 19318:Benjamin Tucker 19178:Peter Kropotkin 19158:Thomas Hodgskin 19133:Charles Fourier 19113:Théodore Dézamy 19063:Philippe Buchez 19023:Mikhail Bakunin 19003: 18979:Gracchus Babeuf 18964: 18931: 18912:Social dividend 18810: 18786:Socialist state 18751:Post-capitalism 18746:Planned economy 18741:Nationalization 18606: 18596: 18472: 18427: 18257: 18249: 18147:Insurrectionary 18093: 18085: 17951: 17944: 17931: 17926: 17924: 17836:Ely, Richard T. 17808:Cuban Socialism 17793: 17776:– entry at the 17770: 17765: 17759: 17738: 17700: 17677: 17651: 17632: 17606: 17558: 17536: 17516:Piketty, Thomas 17420: 17396: 17358: 17348:Haymarket Books 17326: 17277: 17261:Kitching, Gavin 17253: 17230: 17199: 17157:10.2307/1837686 17134: 17092: 17040: 17038: 17036: 17007: 16987:Ellman, Michael 16962: 16936: 16894: 16892:Further reading 16889: 16883: 16798: 16796: 16770: 16738:Sinclair, Upton 16730: 16707: 16689:Ollman, Bertell 16685:Ticktin, Hillel 16670: 16668: 16653: 16622: 16599: 16598:978-067433946-0 16573: 16571: 16564: 16539: 16514: 16512: 16489: 16470: 16447: 16416: 16389: 16364: 16352:Li, He (2015). 16345: 16322: 16296: 16294: 16291:The Independent 16274: 16272: 16265: 16254: 16224: 16222: 16220: 16171: 16169: 16100: 16098: 16074: 16046: 16028:Gaus, Gerald F. 16012: 15938: 15936: 15919: 15893: 15867: 15840: 15817: 15797:Bevins, Vincent 15789: 15759: 15758:978-067444261-0 15720: 15695: 15693: 15670: 15669:978-04156-04253 15647: 15621:, eds. (2011). 15611:Badie, Bertrand 15603: 15538: 15508: 15503: 15502: 15483: 15479: 15469: 15467: 15442: 15438: 15430: 15426: 15416: 15414: 15399: 15395: 15388: 15374: 15370: 15361:. p. 339. 15340: 15336: 15318: 15314: 15307: 15289: 15285: 15275: 15273: 15268: 15267: 15263: 15245: 15241: 15226: 15222: 15214:. p. 319. 15212:Wiley-Blackwell 15204:Samuels, Warren 15200: 15196: 15185: 15183: 15181: 15153:, eds. (1987). 15144: 15140: 15130: 15128: 15113: 15109: 15096: 15095: 15091: 15078: 15077: 15073: 15064: 15063: 15059: 15044: 15040: 15027: 15026: 15022: 15014: 15010: 15009: 15005: 14990: 14986: 14977: 14976: 14972: 14961: 14957: 14941: 14937: 14930: 14908: 14904: 14889: 14868: 14864: 14849: 14828: 14824: 14809: 14791: 14787: 14772: 14758:Commoner, Barry 14755: 14751: 14741: 14739: 14729: 14725: 14715: 14713: 14703: 14699: 14694:on 26 May 2006. 14686: 14685: 14681: 14664: 14663: 14659: 14649: 14647: 14646:on 15 June 2018 14634: 14633: 14629: 14619: 14617: 14608: 14607: 14603: 14580: 14578: 14567: 14563: 14553: 14551: 14550:on 5 April 2016 14538: 14537: 14533: 14518: 14501: 14497: 14482: 14470:. Vol. 3. 14461: 14457: 14442: 14421: 14417: 14402: 14384: 14380: 14373: 14353: 14349: 14342: 14319: 14315: 14295: 14291: 14281: 14279: 14270: 14269: 14265: 14255:Wayback Machine 14246: 14242: 14232: 14230: 14226: 14215: 14211: 14210: 14206: 14199: 14191:. p. 124. 14179: 14175: 14160: 14152:. p. 315. 14139: 14135: 14127: 14107: 14103: 14081: 14077: 14045: 14041: 14031: 14029: 14010: 14006: 13991: 13968: 13964: 13949: 13928: 13924: 13914: 13912: 13902: 13901: 13897: 13887: 13885: 13875: 13874: 13870: 13860: 13858: 13848: 13847: 13843: 13833: 13831: 13821: 13820: 13816: 13809: 13791: 13787: 13747: 13746: 13742: 13732: 13730: 13722: 13721: 13717: 13707: 13705: 13690: 13686: 13645: 13641: 13631: 13629: 13627: 13590: 13586: 13569: 13565: 13551: 13547: 13533: 13529: 13524:on 9 June 2009. 13512: 13511: 13507: 13498: 13494: 13485: 13481: 13468: 13464: 13445: 13441: 13427: 13425: 13417: 13416: 13412: 13392: 13388: 13379: 13375: 13341: 13337: 13328: 13324: 13317: 13299: 13295: 13290: 13286: 13261:Mendes, Silva. 13260: 13256: 13247: 13243: 13237:Wayback Machine 13227: 13220: 13210:Wayback Machine 13199: 13195: 13186: 13182: 13176:Wayback Machine 13166: 13162: 13141: 13137: 13124: 13120: 13102: 13098: 13083: 13079: 13072: 13051: 13047: 13038: 13034: 13021: 13020: 13016: 13006: 13004: 12977: 12975: 12961: 12957: 12947: 12945: 12944:on 28 July 2019 12941: 12910: 12904: 12900: 12890: 12888: 12873: 12869: 12834: 12830: 12823: 12807: 12803: 12796: 12780: 12776: 12769: 12753: 12749: 12742: 12726: 12722: 12715: 12701: 12697: 12690: 12674: 12670: 12663: 12647: 12643: 12636: 12620: 12616: 12609: 12593: 12589: 12582: 12566: 12562: 12555: 12539: 12535: 12528: 12512: 12508: 12465: 12461: 12454: 12440: 12436: 12429: 12413: 12409: 12402: 12386: 12382: 12375: 12349: 12345: 12338: 12320: 12316: 12302: 12300: 12287: 12283: 12276: 12258: 12254: 12237: 12233: 12223: 12221: 12208: 12204: 12194: 12192: 12179: 12178: 12174: 12166: 12162: 12156:Wayback Machine 12145:Wayback Machine 12113: 12109: 12088:Lenin, Vladimir 12085: 12081: 12071: 12069: 12056: 12055: 12051: 12041: 12039: 12038:on 29 June 2017 12030: 12029: 12025: 12010: 12002:. p. 101. 11992: 11988: 11973: 11955: 11946: 11923: 11919: 11896: 11892: 11869: 11865: 11854: 11838: 11834: 11826: 11819: 11808: 11803:, p. 190; 11799: 11795: 11789:Thompson (2006) 11787: 11783: 11763: 11759: 11752: 11744:. p. 153. 11734: 11730: 11715: 11697: 11693: 11685: 11681: 11666: 11648: 11644: 11636: 11629: 11617: 11613: 11603: 11601: 11593: 11592: 11588: 11542: 11538: 11528: 11526: 11513: 11512: 11508: 11498: 11496: 11481: 11477: 11467: 11465: 11455: 11451: 11444: 11417: 11413: 11405: 11401: 11386: 11368: 11364: 11356: 11349: 11341: 11337: 11327: 11325: 11313: 11309: 11302: 11286: 11282: 11271: 11255: 11251: 11243: 11239: 11232: 11215: 11211: 11204: 11186: 11182: 11133: 11129: 11113: 11109: 11102: 11088: 11084: 11067: 11063: 11046: 11042: 11033: 11029: 11020: 11016: 11006:Wayback Machine 10996: 10992: 10975: 10971: 10956: 10938: 10931: 10925:Mikhail Bakunin 10921:George Woodcock 10918: 10914: 10903:Benjamin Tucker 10899: 10895: 10887: 10880: 10869: 10865: 10857: 10853: 10838: 10834: 10827: 10799: 10792: 10790: 10777: 10770: 10768: 10725: 10721: 10701: 10700: 10696: 10672: 10668: 10650: 10646: 10626: 10625: 10618: 10607: 10603: 10586: 10585: 10581: 10572: 10568: 10556:. "Anarchism". 10551: 10547: 10539: 10532: 10528:, pp. 1–2. 10524: 10517: 10513:, pp. 1–3. 10509: 10505: 10495: 10493: 10492:on 27 July 2011 10480: 10479: 10475: 10465: 10463: 10452: 10451: 10447: 10437: 10435: 10434:on 20 July 2011 10431: 10424: 10420: 10419: 10415: 10405: 10403: 10402:on 11 July 2011 10394: 10393: 10389: 10379: 10377: 10368: 10367: 10363: 10353: 10351: 10340: 10336: 10326: 10324: 10320: 10313: 10309: 10308: 10304: 10294: 10292: 10283: 10282: 10278: 10268: 10266: 10257: 10256: 10252: 10239: 10235: 10220: 10216: 10206: 10204: 10203:. Mutualist.org 10199: 10198: 10194: 10187: 10169: 10165: 10136: 10132: 10124: 10120: 10110: 10096: 10092: 10078: 10076: 10056: 10052: 10042: 10040: 10039:on 14 June 2007 10036: 10029: 10023: 10022: 10018: 10010: 10006: 9996: 9994: 9979: 9975: 9964: 9950:Haymarket Books 9937: 9933: 9902: 9898: 9892: 9891:978-0914156-031 9876: 9872: 9861: 9847: 9846: 9842: 9831: 9830:978-027596151-0 9811: 9807: 9797: 9795: 9786: 9785: 9781: 9771: 9769: 9766: 9762: 9761: 9757: 9738:Albert, Michael 9735: 9731: 9704: 9700: 9690: 9688: 9683: 9682: 9678: 9669: 9665: 9655: 9653: 9645: 9644: 9637: 9626: 9608: 9604: 9598:Sinclair (1918) 9596: 9592: 9559: 9555: 9547: 9526: 9522: 9510: 9506: 9496: 9494: 9490: 9483: 9477: 9473: 9466: 9452: 9448: 9422: 9418: 9410: 9406: 9398: 9394: 9387: 9365: 9361: 9351: 9349: 9344: 9343: 9339: 9327: 9326: 9317: 9316: 9309: 9307: 9305: 9291: 9290: 9286: 9276: 9274: 9272: 9249: 9245: 9228:Roemer, John E. 9225: 9221: 9194: 9190: 9180: 9166: 9162: 9151: 9133: 9129: 9119: 9105: 9101: 9093: 9089: 9074: 9073: 9069: 9049: 9045: 9030: 9026: 9011: 9007: 8980: 8976: 8969: 8953: 8949: 8942: 8928: 8924: 8917: 8901: 8897: 8854: 8850: 8843: 8827: 8823: 8814: 8810: 8797: 8796: 8792: 8785: 8769: 8765: 8755: 8753: 8738: 8734: 8720: 8718: 8704: 8700: 8690: 8688: 8678: 8671: 8656:10.2307/2708729 8638: 8634: 8620: 8618: 8612: 8608: 8588: 8584: 8576: 8569: 8562: 8544: 8540: 8530: 8528: 8515: 8514: 8510: 8499: 8485: 8481: 8472:. p. 295. 8462: 8458: 8450: 8446: 8439: 8425: 8421: 8414: 8413:978-07425-07951 8396: 8392: 8385: 8371: 8367: 8351: 8344: 8330: 8328: 8315: 8314: 8310: 8302: 8298: 8290: 8286: 8278: 8274: 8260: 8253: 8245: 8241: 8224: 8222: 8211: 8207: 8180: 8176: 8166: 8164: 8150: 8146: 8136: 8134: 8124: 8120: 8110: 8108: 8107:on 16 July 2010 8095: 8094: 8087: 8072: 8068: 8059: 8055: 8045: 8043: 8032: 8028: 8019: 8015: 8005: 7991: 7987: 7971: 7967: 7962: 7958: 7895:Kallis, Giorgos 7888: 7884: 7825: 7821: 7811: 7809: 7799: 7795: 7785: 7783: 7763: 7759: 7749: 7747: 7729: 7728: 7724: 7714: 7712: 7700: 7696: 7677: 7673: 7663: 7661: 7641: 7637: 7632:. 30 June 2018. 7622: 7621: 7617: 7607: 7605: 7604:on 4 March 2014 7601: 7594: 7590: 7589: 7585: 7575: 7573: 7568: 7567: 7563: 7554: 7550: 7538: 7534: 7525: 7521: 7514: 7491: 7487: 7476: 7472: 7460: 7456: 7437: 7433: 7423: 7421: 7409: 7405: 7398: 7380: 7376: 7358: 7354: 7347: 7346:978-0-006334798 7324: 7320: 7313: 7312:978-019-0695545 7281: 7274: 7263: 7237: 7233: 7225: 7221: 7210: 7196: 7189: 7179: 7165: 7161: 7150: 7124: 7120: 7106: 7102: 7090: 7089: 7085: 7074: 7060: 7056: 7041: 7023: 7016: 7005: 7004:978-0393-060546 6997:. p. 151. 6982: 6978: 6968: 6966: 6954: 6953: 6949: 6942: 6932:Wiley-Blackwell 6924: 6920: 6910: 6908: 6890: 6886: 6876: 6874: 6864: 6857: 6842: 6841: 6837: 6833:, p. xviii 6823:Caulcutt (2022) 6817: 6813: 6805: 6801: 6781: 6777: 6762: 6758: 6747: 6743: 6735: 6731: 6713: 6709: 6699: 6689:Haymarket Books 6681: 6677: 6669: 6665: 6658: 6640: 6636: 6628: 6624: 6596: 6592: 6581: 6573:. p. 128. 6563: 6559: 6552: 6534: 6530: 6515:Ely, Richard T. 6512: 6508: 6500: 6496: 6485: 6484:978-0271-014784 6467: 6463: 6452: 6440:. Vol. 2. 6434: 6430: 6377: 6373: 6353: 6349: 6329: 6325: 6314: 6296: 6292: 6285: 6275:Scarecrow Press 6267: 6263: 6237: 6233: 6220: 6218: 6217:. 15 April 2009 6207: 6206: 6202: 6192: 6180:. Vol. 2. 6174: 6170: 6158: 6154: 6146: 6142: 6132: 6106: 6102: 6092: 6072: 6068: 6055: 6053: 6045: 6044: 6040: 6029: 6005: 6001: 5997:, pp. 7–8. 5993: 5989: 5981: 5977: 5964: 5892: 5888: 5880: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5786: 5762:Milton Friedman 5707:as part of the 5705:Austrian School 5667: 5666: 5665: 5664: 5653:Friedrich Hayek 5645:Milton Friedman 5640: 5639: 5638: 5630: 5629: 5621: 5620: 5609: 5603: 5513: 5481:state socialism 5477: 5471: 5465: 5457:deep ecologists 5455:, particularly 5423:Murray Bookchin 5338:anti-capitalist 5330:Stonewall riots 5260:Charles Fourier 5123: 5121:Queer anarchism 5109:Green anarchism 5093: 5081:Main articles: 5079: 5010: 5004: 4974:, participism, 4874:relationships ( 4837:Joseph Déjacque 4813: 4807: 4764:democratization 4753:Left Opposition 4697:socialist state 4635: 4615:Main articles: 4613: 4585:Norberto Bobbio 4562:social equality 4534:anti-capitalist 4499: 4491:Main articles: 4489: 4465:planned economy 4382: 4374: 4365: 4357:Main articles: 4355: 4326:state socialism 4318:Benjamin Tucker 4313:. In 1888, the 4233: 4227: 4218:Michael Freeden 4170:political right 4138: 4128:Labour movement 4124: 4077:economic theory 4025:social dividend 4013:monetary prices 4005: 3999: 3971:Hawker Siddeley 3956:Francis Beckett 3944:state apparatus 3936: 3922:Nationalization 3914: 3912:State socialism 3908: 3896:state socialism 3836:is a theory of 3736:Guild socialism 3720:Alfred Marshall 3711:workers council 3695: 3688: 3680: 3664:Main articles: 3662: 3650:State socialism 3604: 3602:Planned economy 3598: 3596:Planned economy 3581:labour vouchers 3525:nationalisation 3486:Joseph Stiglitz 3466:social dividend 3423:planned economy 3415: 3406:Albert Einstein 3403: 3394: 3388: 3382: 3204: 3196: 3188: 3150: 3076: 3068:Main articles: 3066: 3033:which inspired 3027:Charles Fourier 3019: 3011:Main articles: 3009: 2950: 2948:State socialism 2936: 2836: 2827: 2818: 2812: 2730: 2724:Anti-capitalism 2722:Main articles: 2720: 2646: 2640: 2614:. In contrast, 2602:Bhaskar Sunkara 2596:Socialist Party 2582:, and France's 2548:Socialist Party 2521:labour movement 2488:, whose leader 2458:São Paulo Forum 2454: 2453: 2452: 2451: 2441: 2435: 2429: 2419: 2415: 2414: 2413: 2405: 2404: 2395: 2394: 2393: 2385: 2384: 2373: 2367: 2329:in the form of 2196:was written by 2180: 2174: 2046:, interpreting 1880:was claimed by 1876:Initial use of 1844: 1820:mixed economies 1812:socialist state 1784:post-capitalist 1780:anti-capitalism 1768:social problems 1587: 1547: 1537: 1535: 1518: 1511: 1510: 1481: 1473: 1472: 1463:Socialist state 1458:Socialist Party 1403:Economic system 1368: 1360: 1359: 1345: 1335: 1334: 1100: 1092: 1091: 672: 664: 663: 479:Democratic road 414: 404: 403: 330: 322: 321: 268:Social dividend 258:Sharing economy 158: 150: 149: 120: 112: 67: 60: 55: 54: 53: 52: 51: 50: 34: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 27610: 27600: 27599: 27594: 27589: 27584: 27579: 27574: 27569: 27554: 27553: 27536: 27519: 27517:from Wikibooks 27502: 27485: 27483:from Wikiquote 27468: 27451: 27422: 27419: 27418: 27406: 27394: 27382: 27380:Libertarianism 27370: 27358: 27346: 27334: 27311: 27310: 27305: 27304: 27302: 27301: 27299:Westernization 27296: 27291: 27286: 27281: 27279:Visegrád Group 27276: 27271: 27266: 27261: 27256: 27251: 27246: 27241: 27236: 27231: 27226: 27221: 27219:Nordic Council 27216: 27211: 27206: 27201: 27196: 27191: 27186: 27181: 27176: 27171: 27166: 27161: 27156: 27151: 27146: 27141: 27136: 27131: 27126: 27121: 27116: 27114:Bucharest Nine 27111: 27106: 27101: 27096: 27091: 27086: 27081: 27079:Arctic Council 27076: 27071: 27066: 27061: 27056: 27050: 27048: 27042: 27041: 27039: 27038: 27033: 27028: 27027: 27026: 27021: 27016: 27011: 27006: 27001: 26991: 26986: 26985: 26984: 26974: 26968: 26966: 26960: 26959: 26957: 26956: 26951: 26946: 26945: 26944: 26939: 26934: 26929: 26924: 26923: 26922: 26917: 26912: 26907: 26897: 26892: 26887: 26877: 26876: 26875: 26874: 26873: 26863: 26862: 26861: 26856: 26855: 26854: 26844: 26843: 26842: 26832: 26831: 26830: 26805: 26803: 26797: 26796: 26794: 26793: 26792: 26791: 26781: 26776: 26771: 26770: 26769: 26757: 26756: 26755: 26745: 26740: 26735: 26730: 26725: 26720: 26715: 26714: 26713: 26708: 26698: 26697: 26696: 26689:Existentialism 26686: 26681: 26676: 26671: 26666: 26661: 26656: 26651: 26646: 26640: 26638: 26632: 26631: 26629: 26628: 26627: 26626: 26621: 26616: 26611: 26601: 26600: 26599: 26589: 26588: 26587: 26582: 26572: 26571: 26570: 26560: 26555: 26554: 26553: 26548: 26543: 26533: 26532: 26531: 26521: 26520: 26519: 26509: 26508: 26507: 26502: 26492: 26487: 26482: 26477: 26476: 26475: 26465: 26460: 26459: 26458: 26448: 26447: 26446: 26436: 26435: 26434: 26424: 26419: 26418: 26417: 26407: 26402: 26401: 26400: 26395: 26390: 26379: 26377: 26371: 26370: 26368: 26367: 26366: 26365: 26360: 26350: 26349: 26348: 26343: 26338: 26333: 26328: 26323: 26318: 26313: 26308: 26303: 26298: 26293: 26288: 26283: 26278: 26273: 26268: 26263: 26253: 26248: 26247: 26246: 26241: 26236: 26226: 26225: 26224: 26222:Late antiquity 26214: 26208: 26206: 26200: 26199: 26197: 26196: 26191: 26186: 26181: 26176: 26175: 26174: 26173: 26172: 26167: 26157: 26152: 26147: 26137: 26132: 26126: 26124: 26120: 26119: 26108: 26107: 26100: 26093: 26085: 26076: 26075: 26073: 26072: 26062: 26047: 26044: 26043: 26040: 26039: 26037: 26036: 26031: 26030: 26029: 26019: 26018: 26017: 26007: 26006: 26005: 25994: 25992: 25988: 25987: 25985: 25984: 25983: 25982: 25970: 25968: 25962: 25961: 25959: 25958: 25953: 25948: 25943: 25938: 25933: 25928: 25923: 25922: 25921: 25911: 25906: 25901: 25896: 25890: 25888: 25882: 25881: 25879: 25878: 25873: 25868: 25867: 25866: 25861: 25851: 25846: 25841: 25840: 25839: 25834: 25829: 25819: 25814: 25808: 25802: 25796: 25795: 25793: 25792: 25791: 25790: 25780: 25775: 25770: 25765: 25760: 25755: 25749: 25747: 25741: 25740: 25738: 25737: 25736: 25735: 25730: 25728:Rail transport 25725: 25723:Railway system 25715: 25707: 25702: 25697: 25692: 25687: 25682: 25677: 25672: 25667: 25662: 25656: 25654: 25648: 25647: 25644: 25643: 25641: 25640: 25635: 25630: 25625: 25619: 25617: 25611: 25610: 25608: 25607: 25602: 25597: 25596: 25595: 25585: 25580: 25575: 25570: 25565: 25559: 25557: 25551: 25550: 25548: 25547: 25546: 25545: 25519: 25518: 25517: 25512: 25502: 25497: 25496: 25495: 25485: 25484: 25483: 25473: 25468: 25462: 25460: 25454: 25453: 25451: 25450: 25445: 25443:Deputy Premier 25440: 25435: 25434: 25433: 25426:Heads of state 25422: 25420: 25416: 25415: 25413: 25412: 25411: 25410: 25400: 25394: 25391:Supreme Soviet 25388: 25382: 25381: 25380: 25375: 25374: 25373: 25368: 25358: 25353: 25342: 25340: 25336: 25335: 25333: 25332: 25327: 25326: 25325: 25320: 25315: 25308:State ideology 25305: 25300: 25295: 25290: 25289: 25288: 25278: 25273: 25268: 25267: 25266: 25256: 25255: 25254: 25244: 25239: 25238: 25237: 25227: 25222: 25221: 25220: 25215: 25204: 25202: 25195: 25189: 25188: 25185: 25184: 25182: 25181: 25176: 25174:Ural Mountains 25171: 25166: 25164:North Caucasus 25161: 25156: 25151: 25145: 25143: 25139: 25138: 25136: 25135: 25130: 25125: 25124: 25123: 25113: 25108: 25107: 25106: 25095: 25093: 25084: 25078: 25077: 25075: 25074: 25069: 25064: 25059: 25054: 25049: 25044: 25039: 25034: 25029: 25024: 25019: 25014: 25009: 25008: 25007: 25002: 24991: 24986: 24981: 24976: 24971: 24966: 24961: 24960: 24959: 24954: 24944: 24938: 24936: 24930: 24929: 24921: 24920: 24913: 24906: 24898: 24889: 24888: 24883: 24880: 24879: 24876: 24875: 24872: 24871: 24869: 24868: 24863: 24858: 24853: 24848: 24843: 24838: 24833: 24831:Hungary (1919) 24828: 24823: 24818: 24817: 24816: 24811: 24803: 24798: 24793: 24788: 24783: 24778: 24777: 24776: 24771: 24763: 24758: 24753: 24747: 24745: 24738: 24737: 24732: 24727: 24722: 24717: 24712: 24707: 24706: 24705: 24700: 24698:Czech Republic 24693:Czechoslovakia 24690: 24685: 24679: 24677: 24673: 24672: 24669: 24668: 24666: 24665: 24660: 24655: 24650: 24645: 24640: 24635: 24633:Inner Mongolia 24630: 24625: 24620: 24615: 24613:East Turkestan 24610: 24604: 24602: 24595: 24594: 24593: 24592: 24582: 24577: 24572: 24567: 24562: 24557: 24552: 24547: 24542: 24541: 24540: 24535: 24530: 24522: 24517: 24511: 24509: 24505: 24504: 24502: 24501: 24496: 24491: 24486: 24480: 24478: 24474: 24473: 24471: 24470: 24465: 24460: 24455: 24450: 24445: 24440: 24435: 24434: 24433: 24428: 24420: 24415: 24410: 24405: 24400: 24394: 24392: 24385: 24377: 24376: 24374: 24373: 24368: 24363: 24358: 24353: 24348: 24343: 24338: 24333: 24328: 24323: 24318: 24312: 24310: 24306: 24305: 24303: 24302: 24297: 24295:United Kingdom 24291: 24289: 24285: 24284: 24282: 24281: 24276: 24275: 24274: 24266: 24265: 24264: 24254: 24252:United Kingdom 24249: 24244: 24239: 24234: 24229: 24224: 24219: 24214: 24209: 24204: 24199: 24194: 24189: 24188: 24187: 24182: 24177: 24176: 24175: 24162: 24157: 24156: 24155: 24145: 24140: 24139: 24138: 24128: 24122: 24120: 24116: 24115: 24107: 24106: 24099: 24092: 24084: 24075: 24074: 24072: 24071: 24065: 24062: 24061: 24059: 24058: 24051: 24046: 24041: 24039:Social justice 24036: 24031: 24026: 24021: 24016: 24015: 24014: 24009: 24004: 23994: 23989: 23984: 23979: 23974: 23969: 23964: 23959: 23954: 23949: 23947:Egalitarianism 23944: 23939: 23937:Contractualism 23934: 23929: 23924: 23918: 23916: 23912: 23911: 23909: 23908: 23898: 23888: 23878: 23868: 23858: 23848: 23838: 23828: 23818: 23808: 23798: 23788: 23778: 23768: 23758: 23748: 23738: 23728: 23718: 23708: 23698: 23687: 23685: 23681: 23680: 23677: 23676: 23674: 23673: 23668: 23663: 23658: 23653: 23648: 23643: 23638: 23633: 23628: 23623: 23618: 23613: 23608: 23603: 23598: 23593: 23588: 23583: 23578: 23573: 23568: 23563: 23558: 23553: 23548: 23543: 23538: 23533: 23528: 23523: 23518: 23513: 23508: 23503: 23498: 23493: 23488: 23483: 23478: 23473: 23468: 23463: 23458: 23453: 23448: 23443: 23438: 23433: 23428: 23423: 23418: 23413: 23408: 23403: 23398: 23393: 23388: 23383: 23378: 23373: 23368: 23363: 23358: 23353: 23348: 23343: 23337: 23335: 23329: 23328: 23326: 23325: 23320: 23315: 23310: 23305: 23300: 23295: 23290: 23285: 23280: 23275: 23270: 23265: 23260: 23255: 23250: 23245: 23240: 23235: 23230: 23225: 23220: 23215: 23210: 23205: 23204: 23203: 23193: 23188: 23187: 23186: 23176: 23171: 23166: 23161: 23156: 23151: 23146: 23141: 23136: 23131: 23126: 23121: 23116: 23111: 23106: 23101: 23096: 23091: 23086: 23081: 23076: 23070: 23068: 23062: 23061: 23059: 23058: 23053: 23048: 23043: 23038: 23033: 23028: 23023: 23018: 23013: 23008: 23003: 23002: 23001: 22991: 22986: 22981: 22976: 22971: 22966: 22961: 22956: 22950: 22948: 22942: 22941: 22939: 22938: 22933: 22928: 22923: 22918: 22913: 22908: 22903: 22898: 22893: 22888: 22883: 22878: 22873: 22867: 22865: 22861: 22860: 22858: 22857: 22852: 22847: 22842: 22837: 22832: 22831: 22830: 22820: 22815: 22810: 22805: 22800: 22795: 22790: 22785: 22779: 22777: 22770: 22764: 22763: 22761: 22760: 22755: 22750: 22745: 22740: 22735: 22733:Overton window 22730: 22725: 22720: 22715: 22706: 22701: 22696: 22691: 22686: 22681: 22676: 22671: 22666: 22661: 22656: 22651: 22642: 22636: 22634: 22630: 22629: 22627: 22626: 22621: 22616: 22611: 22606: 22601: 22596: 22591: 22586: 22581: 22576: 22571: 22566: 22564:Libertarianism 22561: 22556: 22551: 22546: 22541: 22536: 22531: 22526: 22521: 22516: 22511: 22506: 22501: 22496: 22491: 22486: 22481: 22476: 22470: 22468: 22464: 22463: 22461: 22460: 22455: 22450: 22445: 22440: 22435: 22430: 22425: 22420: 22415: 22410: 22405: 22399: 22397: 22393: 22392: 22390: 22389: 22384: 22379: 22374: 22369: 22364: 22359: 22354: 22349: 22344: 22339: 22334: 22329: 22324: 22319: 22314: 22309: 22304: 22299: 22294: 22289: 22284: 22279: 22274: 22269: 22264: 22259: 22254: 22249: 22244: 22239: 22234: 22228: 22226: 22222: 22221: 22214: 22213: 22206: 22199: 22191: 22182: 22181: 22179: 22178: 22173: 22168: 22163: 22158: 22153: 22148: 22143: 22138: 22133: 22128: 22123: 22118: 22113: 22108: 22103: 22098: 22093: 22088: 22083: 22082: 22081: 22076: 22071: 22061: 22056: 22051: 22050: 22049: 22038: 22036: 22032: 22031: 22029: 22028: 22023: 22018: 22013: 22008: 22007: 22006: 22001: 21991: 21986: 21985: 21984: 21974: 21969: 21964: 21962:Libertarianism 21959: 21954: 21949: 21944: 21939: 21937:Fundamentalism 21934: 21929: 21928: 21927: 21925:Third Position 21922: 21912: 21907: 21902: 21901: 21900: 21890: 21885: 21880: 21875: 21870: 21865: 21860: 21855: 21850: 21845: 21840: 21835: 21829: 21826: 21825: 21823: 21822: 21817: 21812: 21807: 21806: 21805: 21800: 21795: 21790: 21785: 21780: 21775: 21765: 21760: 21755: 21754: 21753: 21742: 21739: 21738: 21731: 21730: 21723: 21716: 21708: 21699: 21698: 21696: 21691: 21686: 21681: 21676: 21671: 21666: 21661: 21656: 21651: 21646: 21641: 21636: 21631: 21626: 21621: 21616: 21611: 21606: 21601: 21596: 21591: 21586: 21584: 21580: 21579: 21577: 21572: 21567: 21562: 21557: 21552: 21547: 21542: 21540: 21534: 21533: 21531: 21526: 21521: 21516: 21511: 21506: 21501: 21496: 21491: 21486: 21481: 21476: 21474: 21473:Social aspects 21470: 21469: 21467: 21462: 21457: 21452: 21447: 21442: 21437: 21434: 21429: 21424: 21419: 21414: 21409: 21404: 21399: 21397:American Dream 21394: 21389: 21387: 21381: 21380: 21378: 21373: 21368: 21363: 21358: 21353: 21348: 21343: 21338: 21333: 21328: 21323: 21318: 21313: 21308: 21303: 21298: 21293: 21288: 21283: 21276: 21271: 21266: 21261: 21256: 21251: 21246: 21241: 21236: 21234: 21230: 21229: 21227: 21226: 21221: 21216: 21211: 21206: 21201: 21196: 21191: 21186: 21181: 21176: 21171: 21166: 21161: 21159:Market failure 21156: 21154:Market economy 21151: 21146: 21141: 21136: 21131: 21126: 21121: 21116: 21114:Ecopreneurship 21111: 21106: 21101: 21096: 21091: 21086: 21081: 21076: 21071: 21069:Centralization 21066: 21064:Business cycle 21061: 21055: 21053: 21049: 21048: 21042: 21039: 21038: 21031: 21030: 21023: 21016: 21008: 20999: 20998: 20996: 20995: 20989: 20986: 20985: 20983: 20982: 20977: 20972: 20970:United Kingdom 20967: 20962: 20957: 20952: 20947: 20942: 20937: 20932: 20927: 20921: 20919: 20915: 20914: 20912: 20911: 20906: 20901: 20896: 20895: 20894: 20889: 20879: 20874: 20869: 20864: 20859: 20854: 20853: 20852: 20847: 20837: 20832: 20831: 20830: 20820: 20815: 20810: 20805: 20800: 20788: 20786: 20780: 20779: 20777: 20776: 20771: 20764: 20757: 20752: 20745: 20740: 20735: 20728: 20723: 20718: 20713: 20708: 20703: 20698: 20691: 20686: 20681: 20676: 20671: 20666: 20661: 20656: 20651: 20646: 20641: 20636: 20631: 20626: 20621: 20616: 20610: 20608: 20604: 20603: 20601: 20600: 20595: 20593:Women in Black 20590: 20589: 20588: 20578: 20573: 20568: 20563: 20558: 20553: 20548: 20543: 20538: 20537: 20536: 20531: 20519: 20514: 20509: 20504: 20499: 20494: 20489: 20484: 20479: 20474: 20469: 20464: 20459: 20454: 20449: 20444: 20439: 20433: 20431: 20427: 20426: 20424: 20423: 20418: 20413: 20408: 20403: 20398: 20393: 20388: 20383: 20378: 20373: 20368: 20363: 20358: 20356:Green politics 20353: 20348: 20343: 20338: 20333: 20328: 20326:Antimilitarism 20323: 20318: 20313: 20312: 20311: 20306: 20301: 20293: 20287: 20285: 20281: 20280: 20278: 20277: 20272: 20267: 20262: 20257: 20252: 20247: 20242: 20237: 20232: 20230:Peace movement 20227: 20222: 20220:Peace congress 20217: 20212: 20207: 20205:Peace churches 20202: 20197: 20192: 20187: 20182: 20177: 20172: 20167: 20162: 20160:ECOPEACE Party 20157: 20152: 20150:Counterculture 20147: 20142: 20137: 20132: 20127: 20122: 20117: 20111: 20109: 20105: 20104: 20101:peace movement 20093: 20092: 20085: 20078: 20070: 20064: 20061: 20060: 20048: 20047: 20045: 20044: 20032: 20020: 20008: 19996: 19983: 19980: 19979: 19977: 19976: 19971: 19966: 19961: 19956: 19951: 19946: 19941: 19935: 19933: 19929: 19928: 19926: 19925: 19920: 19914: 19912: 19906: 19905: 19902: 19901: 19899: 19898: 19893: 19888: 19883: 19878: 19873: 19868: 19863: 19858: 19853: 19851:Pedro Castillo 19847: 19845: 19838: 19837: 19835: 19834: 19829: 19824: 19819: 19814: 19809: 19804: 19799: 19794: 19792:E. P. Thompson 19789: 19784: 19779: 19774: 19769: 19764: 19759: 19754: 19752:Bernie Sanders 19749: 19744: 19739: 19737:B. T. Ranadive 19734: 19729: 19724: 19719: 19714: 19709: 19704: 19702:Ernst Niekisch 19699: 19694: 19689: 19684: 19679: 19674: 19669: 19667:Adrien Marquet 19664: 19659: 19657:Nelson Mandela 19654: 19649: 19644: 19639: 19637:Rosa Luxemburg 19634: 19629: 19627:Vladimir Lenin 19624: 19619: 19617:Henri Lefebvre 19614: 19609: 19604: 19599: 19594: 19589: 19584: 19579: 19577:Russell Jacoby 19574: 19569: 19564: 19559: 19557:Saddam Hussein 19554: 19549: 19544: 19539: 19534: 19529: 19524: 19519: 19514: 19509: 19504: 19499: 19497:Eugene V. Debs 19494: 19489: 19484: 19479: 19474: 19469: 19464: 19459: 19454: 19449: 19447:Bertolt Brecht 19444: 19439: 19434: 19429: 19424: 19419: 19414: 19409: 19407:Henri Barbusse 19404: 19399: 19394: 19389: 19384: 19382:Clement Attlee 19379: 19377:Hafez al-Assad 19374: 19369: 19364: 19358: 19356: 19349: 19348: 19346: 19345: 19340: 19335: 19330: 19325: 19320: 19315: 19310: 19305: 19303:Fred M. Taylor 19300: 19295: 19290: 19285: 19280: 19275: 19270: 19265: 19260: 19255: 19250: 19245: 19240: 19235: 19233:William Morris 19230: 19225: 19220: 19215: 19210: 19205: 19200: 19195: 19190: 19185: 19180: 19175: 19170: 19165: 19160: 19155: 19150: 19145: 19140: 19135: 19130: 19125: 19120: 19115: 19110: 19105: 19100: 19098:James Connolly 19095: 19090: 19085: 19080: 19075: 19070: 19065: 19060: 19055: 19050: 19045: 19043:Edward Bellamy 19040: 19035: 19030: 19025: 19020: 19014: 19012: 19005: 19004: 19002: 19001: 18996: 18991: 18986: 18984:Victor d'Hupay 18981: 18975: 18973: 18966: 18965: 18963: 18962: 18957: 18951: 18949: 18939: 18933: 18932: 18930: 18929: 18924: 18919: 18914: 18909: 18904: 18899: 18894: 18892:Labour voucher 18889: 18884: 18879: 18874: 18869: 18864: 18859: 18854: 18849: 18844: 18839: 18834: 18829: 18824: 18818: 18816: 18812: 18811: 18809: 18808: 18803: 18798: 18793: 18788: 18783: 18778: 18773: 18768: 18763: 18758: 18753: 18748: 18743: 18738: 18733: 18728: 18723: 18718: 18713: 18708: 18703: 18696: 18691: 18686: 18681: 18676: 18671: 18666: 18661: 18659:Egalitarianism 18656: 18651: 18646: 18644:Class struggle 18641: 18636: 18631: 18626: 18621: 18616: 18610: 18608: 18602: 18601: 18598: 18597: 18595: 18594: 18589: 18584: 18579: 18578: 18577: 18572: 18570:In one country 18562: 18557: 18552: 18547: 18542: 18537: 18536: 18535: 18525: 18524: 18523: 18522: 18521: 18511: 18501: 18496: 18491: 18486: 18480: 18478: 18474: 18473: 18471: 18470: 18465: 18460: 18459: 18458: 18453: 18443: 18437: 18435: 18429: 18428: 18426: 18425: 18424: 18423: 18413: 18412: 18411: 18406: 18401: 18400: 18399: 18398: 18397: 18387: 18386: 18385: 18380: 18375: 18370: 18365: 18360: 18350: 18345: 18340: 18333: 18328: 18323: 18318: 18313: 18308: 18303: 18293: 18283: 18278: 18277: 18276: 18265: 18263: 18251: 18250: 18248: 18247: 18242: 18241: 18240: 18235: 18234: 18233: 18228: 18218: 18213: 18208: 18207: 18206: 18199:Left communism 18191: 18186: 18185: 18184: 18179: 18174: 18169: 18164: 18159: 18154: 18149: 18144: 18139: 18134: 18133: 18132: 18127: 18117: 18112: 18101: 18099: 18084: 18083: 18082: 18081: 18080: 18079: 18069: 18064: 18059: 18049: 18044: 18039: 18034: 18029: 18024: 18019: 18014: 18009: 18008: 18007: 18002: 17992: 17987: 17982: 17977: 17972: 17967: 17962: 17956: 17954: 17946: 17945: 17936: 17933: 17932: 17923: 17922: 17915: 17908: 17900: 17894: 17893: 17877:Cole, G. D. H. 17873: 17856: 17832: 17815: 17805: 17791: 17782: 17769: 17768:External links 17766: 17764: 17763: 17757: 17742: 17736: 17728:Westview Press 17716: 17704: 17698: 17681: 17676:978-1784787264 17675: 17661:, ed. (2016). 17655: 17649: 17636: 17630: 17614: 17605:978-1412965804 17604: 17588:Cato Institute 17574:Hamowy, Ronald 17562: 17556: 17544:Pipes, Richard 17540: 17535:978-0300259667 17534: 17512: 17503: 17485: 17470:Bertell Ollman 17467: 17441:(2): 583–601. 17428: 17418: 17400: 17395:978-1529229707 17394: 17377: 17374:978-0853151814 17362: 17357:978-1608460731 17356: 17339: 17330: 17324: 17305: 17281: 17276:978-0416358407 17275: 17257: 17251: 17234: 17229:978-0191774317 17228: 17203: 17198:978-0865976665 17197: 17169: 17138: 17133:978-1611453355 17132: 17116: 17096: 17091:978-1568588902 17090: 17068: 17047: 17035:978-1776560745 17034: 17011: 17006:978-1107427327 17005: 16983: 16966: 16960: 16944:Cole, G. D. H. 16940: 16935:978-0691143613 16934: 16914: 16895: 16893: 16890: 16888: 16887: 16882:978-0155124035 16881: 16862: 16850: 16809: 16774: 16769:978-0875484495 16768: 16762:. Open Court. 16752: 16734: 16729:978-0804771825 16728: 16711: 16706:978-0415919678 16705: 16677: 16666:Foreign Policy 16657: 16652:978-0262182348 16651: 16626: 16621:978-0299220341 16620: 16603: 16597: 16580: 16563:978-1400888863 16562: 16543: 16538:978-1840645194 16537: 16521: 16493: 16488:978-1571811851 16487: 16474: 16469:978-0044460152 16468: 16451: 16446:978-0192804310 16445: 16428: 16415:978-0745673523 16414: 16397: 16388:978-0754661962 16387: 16368: 16363:978-1137427816 16362: 16349: 16344:978-1442258266 16343: 16326: 16321:978-0810855601 16320: 16303: 16281: 16258: 16253:978-1111305505 16252: 16235: 16219:978-1135932268 16218: 16194:Horvat, Branko 16190: 16182:Horvat, Branko 16178: 16155: 16126: 16111: 16078: 16073:978-0822369493 16072: 16050: 16045:978-0761967873 16044: 16024: 16011:978-0195066135 16010: 15984: 15945: 15923: 15918:978-0275968861 15917: 15897: 15892:978-0415866477 15891: 15871: 15866:978-1137013262 15865: 15847:Brandal, Nik; 15844: 15839:978-0804775663 15838: 15821: 15816:978-1541742406 15815: 15793: 15788:978-0739136980 15787: 15771:McLaren, Peter 15763: 15757: 15737: 15724: 15719:978-1842751923 15718: 15702: 15674: 15668: 15651: 15645: 15607: 15602:978-0195088274 15601: 15580: 15568:10.1086/293421 15562:(3): 485–511. 15546: 15537:978-9004156913 15536: 15509: 15507: 15504: 15501: 15500: 15477: 15436: 15424: 15393: 15387:978-0521563543 15386: 15368: 15351:Pettit, Philip 15334: 15321:Acs, Zoltan J. 15312: 15306:978-0521563543 15305: 15299:. p. 60. 15283: 15261: 15258:. p. 262. 15239: 15220: 15202:Biddle, Jeff; 15194: 15180:978-1349951215 15179: 15138: 15107: 15089: 15071: 15057: 15038: 15020: 15003: 14984: 14970: 14955: 14935: 14929:978-0203423363 14928: 14902: 14888:978-1134173341 14887: 14862: 14848:978-1786990976 14847: 14822: 14807: 14785: 14771:978-0486846248 14770: 14749: 14723: 14697: 14679: 14657: 14627: 14601: 14577:on 26 May 2006 14561: 14531: 14517:978-1906523589 14516: 14495: 14480: 14455: 14441:978-1848136595 14440: 14415: 14400: 14378: 14372:978-0920057087 14371: 14347: 14341:978-0791410134 14340: 14313: 14289: 14263: 14240: 14204: 14198:978-0758201003 14197: 14173: 14159:978-0415864541 14158: 14142:Flood, Michael 14133: 14126:978-0786734924 14125: 14101: 14075: 14056:(68): 97–110. 14039: 14004: 13989: 13962: 13948:978-1849351034 13947: 13933:, ed. (2012). 13922: 13895: 13868: 13841: 13814: 13808:978-0754601135 13807: 13785: 13740: 13715: 13684: 13657:(2): 177–193. 13639: 13625: 13593:Leech, Kenneth 13584: 13563: 13554:Graham, Robert 13545: 13527: 13505: 13492: 13479: 13462: 13439: 13410: 13386: 13382:The Red Menace 13373: 13335: 13322: 13316:978-1902593920 13315: 13309:. p. 65. 13293: 13284: 13254: 13241: 13218: 13193: 13180: 13160: 13135: 13118: 13096: 13093:. p. 612. 13077: 13070: 13045: 13032: 13014: 12955: 12921:(1): 110–126. 12898: 12885:Our Generation 12867: 12854:10.2307/131248 12828: 12821: 12801: 12794: 12774: 12767: 12747: 12740: 12720: 12713: 12695: 12688: 12668: 12661: 12641: 12634: 12614: 12607: 12587: 12580: 12560: 12553: 12533: 12526: 12506: 12459: 12452: 12434: 12427: 12407: 12400: 12380: 12373: 12343: 12337:978-0520075436 12336: 12314: 12281: 12275:978-0389208136 12274: 12252: 12248:978-0389208136 12231: 12202: 12172: 12160: 12107: 12079: 12049: 12023: 12009:978-0511274725 12008: 11986: 11971: 11944: 11917: 11890: 11879:. p. 99. 11863: 11853:978-0719050565 11852: 11832: 11830:, p. 420. 11817: 11793: 11781: 11757: 11751:978-0521817998 11750: 11728: 11714:978-1315615141 11713: 11707:. p. 51. 11691: 11689:, p. 137. 11679: 11665:978-1118177006 11664: 11658:. p. 29. 11642: 11627: 11611: 11599:Britannica.com 11586: 11536: 11506: 11475: 11449: 11443:978-1582437170 11442: 11411: 11399: 11385:978-0691147741 11384: 11362: 11347: 11335: 11307: 11301:978-0230625471 11300: 11280: 11270:978-9699757006 11269: 11249: 11237: 11231:978-1855676053 11230: 11218:Eatwell, Roger 11209: 11203:978-0271014791 11202: 11196:. p. 71. 11180: 11127: 11107: 11101:978-0800623920 11100: 11082: 11078:978-0002178556 11061: 11057:978-1859731499 11040: 11038:. pp. 363–364. 11027: 11014: 10990: 10969: 10955:978-1902593906 10954: 10929: 10912: 10893: 10878: 10863: 10851: 10832: 10826:978-0631205616 10825: 10813:, p. 59; 10767:on 16 May 2007 10719: 10694: 10666: 10644: 10616: 10601: 10579: 10566: 10545: 10530: 10515: 10503: 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8967: 8947: 8940: 8922: 8915: 8895: 8868:(2): 181–193. 8848: 8841: 8821: 8808: 8790: 8783: 8763: 8732: 8698: 8669: 8650:(2): 263–270. 8632: 8606: 8582: 8567: 8561:978-0853457985 8560: 8538: 8508: 8497: 8479: 8456: 8444: 8438:978-0804723848 8437: 8419: 8412: 8390: 8383: 8365: 8342: 8308: 8296: 8284: 8282:, p. 197. 8272: 8266:. p. 40. 8251: 8239: 8205: 8174: 8144: 8132:Monthly Review 8118: 8085: 8066: 8053: 8026: 8013: 8004:978-1104238407 8003: 7985: 7981:978-0415195867 7965: 7956: 7882: 7845:(3107): 3107. 7819: 7793: 7757: 7722: 7694: 7671: 7635: 7615: 7583: 7561: 7548: 7532: 7519: 7512: 7485: 7470: 7454: 7431: 7403: 7397:978-1350150331 7396: 7374: 7371:. p. 202. 7352: 7345: 7318: 7311: 7272: 7262:978-0195204698 7261: 7231: 7219: 7209:978-0875484495 7208: 7187: 7178:978-0875484495 7177: 7159: 7149:978-0195204698 7148: 7118: 7100: 7083: 7072: 7054: 7040:978-1305445499 7039: 7014: 7003: 6976: 6947: 6941:978-1405154956 6940: 6934:. p. 83. 6918: 6898:The New Yorker 6884: 6855: 6852:. 29 May 2023. 6835: 6811: 6799: 6791:Kendall (2011) 6783:Barrett (1978) 6775: 6756: 6741: 6729: 6707: 6698:978-1931859257 6697: 6691:. p. 24. 6675: 6663: 6656: 6634: 6622: 6590: 6580:978-0230367258 6579: 6557: 6551:978-0415438209 6550: 6528: 6506: 6494: 6483: 6477:. p. 96. 6461: 6451:978-0415241878 6450: 6444:. p. 71. 6428: 6371: 6347: 6339:Arneson (1992) 6331:Bockman (2011) 6323: 6313:978-1412916523 6312: 6290: 6284:978-0810855601 6283: 6261: 6231: 6200: 6191:978-0415241878 6190: 6184:. p. 71. 6168: 6152: 6140: 6130: 6100: 6090: 6066: 6038: 6028:978-0198600244 6027: 5999: 5987: 5975: 5973: 5972: 5963:978-0198600244 5962: 5939: 5933: 5927: 5921: 5915: 5909: 5899: 5886: 5873: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5838: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5798: 5793: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5692:, or existing 5642: 5641: 5632: 5631: 5623: 5622: 5614: 5613: 5612: 5611: 5610: 5605:Main article: 5602: 5599: 5571:power networks 5552:climate change 5512: 5509: 5485:general strike 5467:Main article: 5464: 5461: 5453:green politics 5449:social justice 5439:as opposed to 5433:Barry Commoner 5425:'s first book 5382:William Morris 5342:nuclear family 5297:Fabian Society 5293:gay liberation 5240:Fabian Society 5212:Mujeres Libres 5113:Green politics 5078: 5075: 5006:Main article: 5003: 5000: 4809:Main article: 4806: 4803: 4693:administration 4655:Rosa Luxemburg 4643:Vladimir Lenin 4612: 4609: 4589:Chantal Mouffe 4581:Carlo Rosselli 4554:market economy 4488: 4485: 4461:market economy 4366: 4354: 4351: 4346:Peter Marshall 4330:Ernest Lesigne 4296:general strike 4229:Main article: 4226: 4223: 4199:social justice 4144:Socialists in 4123: 4120: 4105:private sector 4052:Czechoslovakia 4009:market economy 4001:Main article: 3998: 3995: 3952:Clement Attlee 3910:Main article: 3907: 3904: 3879:established a 3819:Michel Bauwens 3773:market economy 3752:William Morris 3728:Jaroslav Vanek 3691:Upton Sinclair 3681: 3661: 3658: 3600:Main article: 3597: 3594: 3513:commonly owned 3427:Why Socialism? 3410:Why Socialism? 3395: 3384:Main article: 3381: 3378: 3217:taught by the 3189: 3158:Counterculture 3149: 3146: 3130:Rosa Luxemburg 3065: 3062: 3008: 3005: 2935: 2932: 2913:workers' state 2819: 2814:Main article: 2811: 2808: 2771:overproduction 2719: 2716: 2677:utilitarianism 2642:Main article: 2639: 2636: 2612:climate change 2592:Bernie Sanders 2529:Pasokification 2417: 2416: 2407: 2406: 2398: 2397: 2396: 2387: 2386: 2378: 2377: 2376: 2375: 2374: 2366: 2363: 2347:Eastern Europe 2176:Main article: 2173: 2170: 2130:in France and 2102:communion rite 2099:Roman Catholic 2020:Vladimir Lenin 1951:associationist 1843: 1840: 1762:The socialist 1741:market economy 1729:social justice 1610:social systems 1589: 1588: 1586: 1585: 1578: 1571: 1563: 1560: 1559: 1558: 1557: 1545: 1533: 1513: 1512: 1509: 1508: 1503: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1475: 1474: 1471: 1470: 1465: 1460: 1455: 1450: 1445: 1440: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1418:Libertarianism 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1369: 1367:Related topics 1366: 1365: 1362: 1361: 1358: 1357: 1352: 1346: 1341: 1340: 1337: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1197: 1192: 1187: 1182: 1177: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1101: 1098: 1097: 1094: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1074: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 989: 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 944: 939: 934: 929: 924: 919: 914: 909: 904: 899: 894: 889: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 774: 769: 764: 759: 754: 749: 744: 739: 734: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 689: 684: 679: 673: 670: 669: 666: 665: 662: 661: 656: 651: 646: 641: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 556: 551: 546: 541: 536: 531: 526: 521: 516: 511: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 481: 476: 471: 466: 461: 456: 451: 446: 441: 436: 431: 426: 421: 415: 410: 409: 406: 405: 402: 401: 396: 395: 394: 389: 384: 379: 369: 368: 367: 362: 357: 352: 347: 337: 331: 328: 327: 324: 323: 320: 319: 314: 309: 304: 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 265: 260: 255: 250: 245: 240: 238:Labour voucher 235: 230: 225: 220: 215: 210: 205: 200: 195: 190: 185: 180: 175: 170: 165: 159: 156: 155: 152: 151: 148: 147: 142: 137: 132: 127: 121: 118: 117: 114: 113: 111: 110: 105: 99: 96: 95: 87: 86: 80: 79: 58: 36: 30: 27: 25: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 27609: 27598: 27595: 27593: 27590: 27588: 27585: 27583: 27580: 27578: 27575: 27573: 27570: 27568: 27565: 27564: 27562: 27551:from Wikidata 27550: 27549: 27537: 27533: 27532: 27520: 27516: 27515: 27503: 27499: 27498: 27486: 27482: 27481: 27469: 27465: 27464: 27452: 27448: 27447: 27435: 27434: 27431: 27425: 27417: 27412: 27407: 27405: 27400: 27395: 27393: 27388: 27383: 27381: 27371: 27369: 27359: 27357: 27352: 27347: 27345: 27335: 27333: 27328: 27323: 27322: 27319: 27300: 27297: 27295: 27292: 27290: 27287: 27285: 27282: 27280: 27277: 27275: 27272: 27270: 27267: 27265: 27262: 27260: 27257: 27255: 27252: 27250: 27247: 27245: 27244:PROSUR/PROSUL 27242: 27240: 27237: 27235: 27232: 27230: 27227: 27225: 27222: 27220: 27217: 27215: 27212: 27210: 27207: 27205: 27202: 27200: 27197: 27195: 27192: 27190: 27187: 27185: 27182: 27180: 27177: 27175: 27172: 27170: 27167: 27165: 27162: 27160: 27157: 27155: 27152: 27150: 27147: 27145: 27142: 27140: 27139:Craiova Group 27137: 27135: 27132: 27130: 27127: 27125: 27122: 27120: 27117: 27115: 27112: 27110: 27107: 27105: 27102: 27100: 27097: 27095: 27092: 27090: 27087: 27085: 27082: 27080: 27077: 27075: 27072: 27070: 27067: 27065: 27062: 27060: 27057: 27055: 27054:ABCANZ Armies 27052: 27051: 27049: 27043: 27037: 27034: 27032: 27029: 27025: 27022: 27020: 27017: 27015: 27012: 27010: 27007: 27005: 27002: 27000: 26997: 26996: 26995: 26992: 26990: 26987: 26983: 26980: 26979: 26978: 26975: 26973: 26970: 26969: 26967: 26965: 26961: 26955: 26952: 26950: 26947: 26943: 26940: 26938: 26935: 26933: 26930: 26928: 26925: 26921: 26918: 26916: 26913: 26911: 26908: 26906: 26903: 26902: 26901: 26898: 26896: 26893: 26891: 26888: 26886: 26883: 26882: 26881: 26878: 26872: 26869: 26868: 26867: 26864: 26860: 26859:Protestantism 26857: 26853: 26850: 26849: 26848: 26845: 26841: 26838: 26837: 26836: 26833: 26829: 26825: 26822: 26821: 26820: 26817: 26816: 26815: 26812: 26811: 26810: 26807: 26806: 26804: 26802: 26798: 26790: 26787: 26786: 26785: 26782: 26780: 26779:Sovereigntism 26777: 26775: 26772: 26768: 26767: 26763: 26762: 26761: 26758: 26754: 26751: 26750: 26749: 26746: 26744: 26741: 26739: 26736: 26734: 26731: 26729: 26726: 26724: 26721: 26719: 26716: 26712: 26709: 26707: 26704: 26703: 26702: 26699: 26695: 26692: 26691: 26690: 26687: 26685: 26682: 26680: 26677: 26675: 26674:Scholasticism 26672: 26670: 26667: 26665: 26662: 26660: 26657: 26655: 26652: 26650: 26647: 26645: 26642: 26641: 26639: 26637: 26633: 26625: 26622: 26620: 26617: 26615: 26612: 26610: 26607: 26606: 26605: 26602: 26598: 26595: 26594: 26593: 26590: 26586: 26583: 26581: 26578: 26577: 26576: 26573: 26569: 26566: 26565: 26564: 26561: 26559: 26556: 26552: 26549: 26547: 26544: 26542: 26539: 26538: 26537: 26534: 26530: 26527: 26526: 26525: 26522: 26518: 26515: 26514: 26513: 26510: 26506: 26503: 26501: 26498: 26497: 26496: 26493: 26491: 26488: 26486: 26483: 26481: 26478: 26474: 26471: 26470: 26469: 26466: 26464: 26461: 26457: 26454: 26453: 26452: 26449: 26445: 26442: 26441: 26440: 26437: 26433: 26430: 26429: 26428: 26425: 26423: 26420: 26416: 26413: 26412: 26411: 26408: 26406: 26403: 26399: 26396: 26394: 26391: 26389: 26386: 26385: 26384: 26381: 26380: 26378: 26376: 26372: 26364: 26363:War on terror 26361: 26359: 26356: 26355: 26354: 26351: 26347: 26344: 26342: 26339: 26337: 26334: 26332: 26329: 26327: 26324: 26322: 26319: 26317: 26314: 26312: 26309: 26307: 26304: 26302: 26299: 26297: 26294: 26292: 26289: 26287: 26284: 26282: 26279: 26277: 26274: 26272: 26269: 26267: 26264: 26262: 26259: 26258: 26257: 26256:Modern period 26254: 26252: 26249: 26245: 26242: 26240: 26237: 26235: 26232: 26231: 26230: 26227: 26223: 26220: 26219: 26218: 26215: 26213: 26210: 26209: 26207: 26205: 26201: 26195: 26192: 26190: 26187: 26185: 26182: 26180: 26177: 26171: 26168: 26166: 26163: 26162: 26161: 26158: 26156: 26153: 26151: 26148: 26146: 26143: 26142: 26141: 26138: 26136: 26133: 26131: 26128: 26127: 26125: 26121: 26117: 26113: 26112:Western world 26106: 26101: 26099: 26094: 26092: 26087: 26086: 26083: 26071: 26063: 26061: 26060: 26049: 26048: 26045: 26035: 26032: 26028: 26025: 26024: 26023: 26020: 26016: 26013: 26012: 26011: 26008: 26004: 26001: 26000: 25999: 25996: 25995: 25993: 25989: 25981: 25978: 25977: 25975: 25972: 25971: 25969: 25967: 25963: 25957: 25954: 25952: 25949: 25947: 25944: 25942: 25939: 25937: 25934: 25932: 25931:Printed media 25929: 25927: 25924: 25920: 25917: 25916: 25915: 25912: 25910: 25907: 25905: 25902: 25900: 25897: 25895: 25892: 25891: 25889: 25887: 25883: 25877: 25874: 25872: 25869: 25865: 25864:Cyrillisation 25862: 25860: 25857: 25856: 25855: 25852: 25850: 25847: 25845: 25842: 25838: 25835: 25833: 25832:Working class 25830: 25828: 25827:Soviet people 25825: 25824: 25823: 25820: 25818: 25815: 25813: 25810: 25809: 25806: 25803: 25801: 25797: 25789: 25786: 25785: 25784: 25781: 25779: 25776: 25774: 25771: 25769: 25766: 25764: 25761: 25759: 25756: 25754: 25751: 25750: 25748: 25746: 25742: 25734: 25731: 25729: 25726: 25724: 25721: 25720: 25719: 25716: 25714: 25708: 25706: 25703: 25701: 25698: 25696: 25693: 25691: 25688: 25686: 25683: 25681: 25678: 25676: 25675:Energy policy 25673: 25671: 25668: 25666: 25663: 25661: 25658: 25657: 25655: 25653: 25649: 25639: 25636: 25634: 25631: 25629: 25626: 25624: 25621: 25620: 25618: 25616: 25612: 25606: 25603: 25601: 25598: 25594: 25591: 25590: 25589: 25586: 25584: 25581: 25579: 25576: 25574: 25571: 25569: 25566: 25564: 25561: 25560: 25558: 25556: 25552: 25544: 25540: 25536: 25532: 25528: 25525: 25524: 25523: 25520: 25516: 25513: 25511: 25508: 25507: 25506: 25503: 25501: 25498: 25494: 25491: 25490: 25489: 25486: 25482: 25479: 25478: 25477: 25474: 25472: 25469: 25467: 25464: 25463: 25461: 25459: 25455: 25449: 25446: 25444: 25441: 25439: 25436: 25432: 25429: 25428: 25427: 25424: 25423: 25421: 25417: 25409: 25406: 25405: 25404: 25403:Supreme Court 25401: 25398: 25395: 25392: 25389: 25386: 25383: 25379: 25376: 25372: 25369: 25367: 25364: 25363: 25362: 25359: 25357: 25354: 25352: 25349: 25348: 25347: 25344: 25343: 25341: 25337: 25331: 25328: 25324: 25321: 25319: 25316: 25314: 25311: 25310: 25309: 25306: 25304: 25301: 25299: 25296: 25294: 25291: 25287: 25284: 25283: 25282: 25279: 25277: 25274: 25272: 25269: 25265: 25262: 25261: 25260: 25257: 25253: 25250: 25249: 25248: 25245: 25243: 25240: 25236: 25233: 25232: 25231: 25228: 25226: 25223: 25219: 25216: 25214: 25211: 25210: 25209: 25206: 25205: 25203: 25199: 25196: 25194: 25190: 25180: 25177: 25175: 25172: 25170: 25167: 25165: 25162: 25160: 25157: 25155: 25152: 25150: 25147: 25146: 25144: 25140: 25134: 25131: 25129: 25126: 25122: 25119: 25118: 25117: 25114: 25112: 25109: 25105: 25102: 25101: 25100: 25097: 25096: 25094: 25092: 25088: 25085: 25083: 25079: 25073: 25070: 25068: 25065: 25063: 25060: 25058: 25055: 25053: 25050: 25048: 25045: 25043: 25040: 25038: 25035: 25033: 25030: 25028: 25025: 25023: 25020: 25018: 25015: 25013: 25010: 25006: 25005:The Holocaust 25003: 25001: 24998: 24997: 24995: 24992: 24990: 24987: 24985: 24982: 24980: 24977: 24975: 24972: 24970: 24967: 24965: 24962: 24958: 24955: 24953: 24950: 24949: 24948: 24945: 24943: 24940: 24939: 24937: 24935: 24931: 24926: 24919: 24914: 24912: 24907: 24905: 24900: 24899: 24896: 24886: 24881: 24867: 24864: 24862: 24859: 24857: 24854: 24852: 24849: 24847: 24844: 24842: 24839: 24837: 24834: 24832: 24829: 24827: 24824: 24822: 24819: 24815: 24812: 24810: 24807: 24806: 24804: 24802: 24801:Crimea (1919) 24799: 24797: 24794: 24792: 24789: 24787: 24784: 24782: 24779: 24775: 24772: 24770: 24767: 24766: 24764: 24762: 24759: 24757: 24754: 24752: 24749: 24748: 24746: 24742: 24736: 24733: 24731: 24728: 24726: 24723: 24721: 24718: 24716: 24713: 24711: 24708: 24704: 24701: 24699: 24696: 24695: 24694: 24691: 24689: 24686: 24684: 24681: 24680: 24678: 24674: 24664: 24663:South Vietnam 24661: 24659: 24656: 24654: 24651: 24649: 24646: 24644: 24641: 24639: 24636: 24634: 24631: 24629: 24626: 24624: 24621: 24619: 24616: 24614: 24611: 24609: 24606: 24605: 24603: 24599: 24591: 24590:North Vietnam 24588: 24587: 24586: 24583: 24581: 24578: 24576: 24573: 24571: 24568: 24566: 24563: 24561: 24558: 24556: 24553: 24551: 24548: 24546: 24543: 24539: 24536: 24534: 24531: 24529: 24526: 24525: 24523: 24521: 24518: 24516: 24513: 24512: 24510: 24506: 24500: 24497: 24495: 24492: 24490: 24487: 24485: 24482: 24481: 24479: 24475: 24469: 24466: 24464: 24461: 24459: 24456: 24454: 24451: 24449: 24446: 24444: 24441: 24439: 24436: 24432: 24429: 24427: 24424: 24423: 24421: 24419: 24416: 24414: 24411: 24409: 24406: 24404: 24401: 24399: 24396: 24395: 24393: 24389: 24386: 24384: 24378: 24372: 24369: 24367: 24364: 24362: 24359: 24357: 24354: 24352: 24349: 24347: 24344: 24342: 24339: 24337: 24334: 24332: 24329: 24327: 24324: 24322: 24319: 24317: 24314: 24313: 24311: 24307: 24301: 24300:United States 24298: 24296: 24293: 24292: 24290: 24286: 24280: 24277: 24273: 24270: 24269: 24267: 24263: 24260: 24259: 24258: 24257:United States 24255: 24253: 24250: 24248: 24245: 24243: 24240: 24238: 24235: 24233: 24230: 24228: 24225: 24223: 24220: 24218: 24215: 24213: 24210: 24208: 24205: 24203: 24200: 24198: 24195: 24193: 24190: 24186: 24183: 24181: 24178: 24174: 24171: 24170: 24169: 24166: 24165: 24163: 24161: 24158: 24154: 24151: 24150: 24149: 24146: 24144: 24141: 24137: 24136:New Australia 24134: 24133: 24132: 24129: 24127: 24124: 24123: 24121: 24117: 24112: 24105: 24100: 24098: 24093: 24091: 24086: 24085: 24082: 24070: 24067: 24066: 24063: 24057: 24056: 24052: 24050: 24047: 24045: 24042: 24040: 24037: 24035: 24032: 24030: 24027: 24025: 24022: 24020: 24017: 24013: 24010: 24008: 24005: 24003: 24000: 23999: 23998: 23995: 23993: 23990: 23988: 23985: 23983: 23980: 23978: 23975: 23973: 23972:Jurisprudence 23970: 23968: 23965: 23963: 23960: 23958: 23955: 23953: 23950: 23948: 23945: 23943: 23940: 23938: 23935: 23933: 23930: 23928: 23925: 23923: 23920: 23919: 23917: 23913: 23904: 23903: 23899: 23894: 23893: 23889: 23884: 23883: 23879: 23874: 23873: 23869: 23864: 23863: 23859: 23854: 23853: 23849: 23844: 23843: 23839: 23834: 23833: 23829: 23824: 23823: 23819: 23814: 23813: 23809: 23804: 23803: 23802:Rights of Man 23799: 23794: 23793: 23789: 23784: 23783: 23779: 23774: 23773: 23769: 23764: 23763: 23759: 23754: 23753: 23749: 23744: 23743: 23739: 23734: 23733: 23729: 23724: 23723: 23719: 23714: 23713: 23712:De re publica 23709: 23704: 23703: 23699: 23694: 23693: 23689: 23688: 23686: 23682: 23672: 23669: 23667: 23664: 23662: 23659: 23657: 23654: 23652: 23649: 23647: 23644: 23642: 23639: 23637: 23634: 23632: 23629: 23627: 23624: 23622: 23619: 23617: 23614: 23612: 23609: 23607: 23604: 23602: 23599: 23597: 23594: 23592: 23589: 23587: 23584: 23582: 23579: 23577: 23574: 23572: 23569: 23567: 23564: 23562: 23559: 23557: 23554: 23552: 23549: 23547: 23544: 23542: 23539: 23537: 23534: 23532: 23529: 23527: 23524: 23522: 23519: 23517: 23514: 23512: 23509: 23507: 23504: 23502: 23499: 23497: 23494: 23492: 23489: 23487: 23484: 23482: 23479: 23477: 23474: 23472: 23469: 23467: 23464: 23462: 23459: 23457: 23454: 23452: 23449: 23447: 23444: 23442: 23439: 23437: 23434: 23432: 23429: 23427: 23424: 23422: 23419: 23417: 23414: 23412: 23409: 23407: 23404: 23402: 23399: 23397: 23394: 23392: 23389: 23387: 23384: 23382: 23379: 23377: 23374: 23372: 23369: 23367: 23364: 23362: 23359: 23357: 23354: 23352: 23349: 23347: 23344: 23342: 23339: 23338: 23336: 23332:20th and 21st 23330: 23324: 23321: 23319: 23316: 23314: 23311: 23309: 23306: 23304: 23301: 23299: 23296: 23294: 23291: 23289: 23286: 23284: 23281: 23279: 23276: 23274: 23271: 23269: 23266: 23264: 23261: 23259: 23256: 23254: 23251: 23249: 23246: 23244: 23241: 23239: 23236: 23234: 23231: 23229: 23226: 23224: 23221: 23219: 23216: 23214: 23211: 23209: 23206: 23202: 23199: 23198: 23197: 23194: 23192: 23189: 23185: 23182: 23181: 23180: 23177: 23175: 23172: 23170: 23167: 23165: 23162: 23160: 23157: 23155: 23152: 23150: 23147: 23145: 23142: 23140: 23137: 23135: 23132: 23130: 23127: 23125: 23122: 23120: 23117: 23115: 23112: 23110: 23107: 23105: 23102: 23100: 23097: 23095: 23092: 23090: 23087: 23085: 23082: 23080: 23077: 23075: 23072: 23071: 23069: 23065:18th and 19th 23063: 23057: 23054: 23052: 23049: 23047: 23044: 23042: 23039: 23037: 23034: 23032: 23029: 23027: 23024: 23022: 23019: 23017: 23014: 23012: 23009: 23007: 23004: 23000: 22997: 22996: 22995: 22992: 22990: 22987: 22985: 22982: 22980: 22977: 22975: 22972: 22970: 22967: 22965: 22962: 22960: 22957: 22955: 22952: 22951: 22949: 22943: 22937: 22934: 22932: 22929: 22927: 22924: 22922: 22921:Nizam al-Mulk 22919: 22917: 22914: 22912: 22909: 22907: 22904: 22902: 22899: 22897: 22894: 22892: 22889: 22887: 22884: 22882: 22879: 22877: 22874: 22872: 22869: 22868: 22866: 22862: 22856: 22853: 22851: 22848: 22846: 22843: 22841: 22838: 22836: 22833: 22829: 22826: 22825: 22824: 22821: 22819: 22816: 22814: 22811: 22809: 22806: 22804: 22801: 22799: 22796: 22794: 22791: 22789: 22786: 22784: 22781: 22780: 22778: 22774: 22771: 22769: 22765: 22759: 22756: 22754: 22751: 22749: 22746: 22744: 22741: 22739: 22736: 22734: 22731: 22729: 22726: 22724: 22721: 22719: 22716: 22713: 22712: 22707: 22705: 22702: 22700: 22697: 22695: 22692: 22690: 22687: 22685: 22682: 22680: 22677: 22675: 22672: 22670: 22667: 22665: 22662: 22660: 22657: 22655: 22652: 22649: 22648: 22643: 22641: 22638: 22637: 22635: 22631: 22625: 22622: 22620: 22617: 22615: 22612: 22610: 22607: 22605: 22604:Republicanism 22602: 22600: 22597: 22595: 22592: 22590: 22587: 22585: 22582: 22580: 22577: 22575: 22572: 22570: 22567: 22565: 22562: 22560: 22557: 22555: 22552: 22550: 22547: 22545: 22542: 22540: 22537: 22535: 22532: 22530: 22527: 22525: 22522: 22520: 22517: 22515: 22512: 22510: 22507: 22505: 22502: 22500: 22497: 22495: 22492: 22490: 22487: 22485: 22482: 22480: 22477: 22475: 22472: 22471: 22469: 22465: 22459: 22456: 22454: 22451: 22449: 22446: 22444: 22441: 22439: 22436: 22434: 22431: 22429: 22426: 22424: 22421: 22419: 22416: 22414: 22411: 22409: 22406: 22404: 22401: 22400: 22398: 22394: 22388: 22385: 22383: 22380: 22378: 22375: 22373: 22370: 22368: 22365: 22363: 22360: 22358: 22355: 22353: 22350: 22348: 22345: 22343: 22340: 22338: 22335: 22333: 22330: 22328: 22325: 22323: 22320: 22318: 22315: 22313: 22310: 22308: 22305: 22303: 22300: 22298: 22295: 22293: 22290: 22288: 22285: 22283: 22280: 22278: 22275: 22273: 22270: 22268: 22265: 22263: 22260: 22258: 22255: 22253: 22250: 22248: 22245: 22243: 22240: 22238: 22235: 22233: 22230: 22229: 22227: 22223: 22219: 22212: 22207: 22205: 22200: 22198: 22193: 22192: 22189: 22177: 22174: 22172: 22169: 22167: 22164: 22162: 22159: 22157: 22154: 22152: 22149: 22147: 22146:Progressivism 22144: 22142: 22139: 22137: 22134: 22132: 22129: 22127: 22124: 22122: 22119: 22117: 22114: 22112: 22109: 22107: 22106:Individualism 22104: 22102: 22099: 22097: 22094: 22092: 22089: 22087: 22084: 22080: 22077: 22075: 22072: 22070: 22067: 22066: 22065: 22062: 22060: 22057: 22055: 22052: 22048: 22045: 22044: 22043: 22040: 22039: 22037: 22033: 22027: 22024: 22022: 22019: 22017: 22014: 22012: 22009: 22005: 22002: 22000: 21997: 21996: 21995: 21994:Republicanism 21992: 21990: 21987: 21983: 21980: 21979: 21978: 21975: 21973: 21970: 21968: 21965: 21963: 21960: 21958: 21955: 21953: 21950: 21948: 21945: 21943: 21940: 21938: 21935: 21933: 21930: 21926: 21923: 21921: 21918: 21917: 21916: 21913: 21911: 21908: 21906: 21903: 21899: 21898:Social credit 21896: 21895: 21894: 21891: 21889: 21886: 21884: 21881: 21879: 21876: 21874: 21871: 21869: 21866: 21864: 21861: 21859: 21856: 21854: 21851: 21849: 21846: 21844: 21841: 21839: 21836: 21834: 21831: 21830: 21827: 21821: 21820:Revolutionary 21818: 21816: 21813: 21811: 21808: 21804: 21801: 21799: 21796: 21794: 21791: 21789: 21786: 21784: 21781: 21779: 21776: 21774: 21771: 21770: 21769: 21766: 21764: 21761: 21759: 21756: 21752: 21749: 21748: 21747: 21744: 21743: 21740: 21736: 21729: 21724: 21722: 21717: 21715: 21710: 21709: 21706: 21695: 21692: 21690: 21687: 21685: 21682: 21680: 21677: 21675: 21672: 21670: 21667: 21665: 21662: 21660: 21657: 21655: 21652: 21650: 21647: 21645: 21642: 21640: 21637: 21635: 21632: 21630: 21629:Eco-socialism 21627: 21625: 21622: 21620: 21617: 21615: 21612: 21610: 21607: 21605: 21602: 21600: 21597: 21595: 21592: 21590: 21587: 21585: 21581: 21576: 21573: 21571: 21568: 21566: 21563: 21561: 21558: 21556: 21553: 21551: 21548: 21546: 21543: 21541: 21539: 21535: 21530: 21527: 21525: 21522: 21520: 21517: 21515: 21512: 21510: 21507: 21505: 21504:Labour supply 21502: 21500: 21497: 21495: 21492: 21490: 21487: 21485: 21482: 21480: 21477: 21475: 21471: 21466: 21463: 21461: 21458: 21456: 21453: 21451: 21448: 21446: 21443: 21441: 21438: 21435: 21433: 21430: 21428: 21425: 21423: 21422:Individualism 21420: 21418: 21415: 21413: 21410: 21408: 21405: 21403: 21400: 21398: 21395: 21393: 21390: 21388: 21386: 21382: 21377: 21374: 21372: 21369: 21367: 21364: 21362: 21359: 21357: 21354: 21352: 21349: 21347: 21344: 21342: 21339: 21337: 21334: 21332: 21329: 21327: 21324: 21322: 21319: 21317: 21314: 21312: 21309: 21307: 21304: 21302: 21299: 21297: 21294: 21292: 21289: 21287: 21284: 21282: 21281: 21280:Laissez-faire 21277: 21275: 21272: 21270: 21267: 21265: 21262: 21260: 21257: 21255: 21252: 21250: 21247: 21245: 21244:Authoritarian 21242: 21240: 21237: 21235: 21231: 21225: 21222: 21220: 21217: 21215: 21212: 21210: 21207: 21205: 21202: 21200: 21197: 21195: 21194:Privatization 21192: 21190: 21187: 21185: 21182: 21180: 21177: 21175: 21172: 21170: 21167: 21165: 21164:Merchantilism 21162: 21160: 21157: 21155: 21152: 21150: 21147: 21145: 21142: 21140: 21137: 21135: 21134:Globalization 21132: 21130: 21127: 21125: 21122: 21120: 21117: 21115: 21112: 21110: 21107: 21105: 21102: 21100: 21097: 21095: 21092: 21090: 21087: 21085: 21082: 21080: 21077: 21075: 21072: 21070: 21067: 21065: 21062: 21060: 21057: 21056: 21054: 21050: 21046: 21040: 21036: 21029: 21024: 21022: 21017: 21015: 21010: 21009: 21006: 20994: 20991: 20990: 20987: 20981: 20978: 20976: 20975:United States 20973: 20971: 20968: 20966: 20963: 20961: 20958: 20956: 20953: 20951: 20948: 20946: 20943: 20941: 20938: 20936: 20933: 20931: 20928: 20926: 20923: 20922: 20920: 20916: 20910: 20907: 20905: 20902: 20900: 20897: 20893: 20890: 20888: 20885: 20884: 20883: 20880: 20878: 20875: 20873: 20870: 20868: 20865: 20863: 20860: 20858: 20855: 20851: 20848: 20846: 20843: 20842: 20841: 20838: 20836: 20835:War on Terror 20833: 20829: 20826: 20825: 20824: 20821: 20819: 20816: 20814: 20811: 20809: 20806: 20804: 20801: 20798: 20794: 20791:War of 1812 ( 20790: 20789: 20787: 20781: 20775: 20772: 20769: 20765: 20762: 20758: 20756: 20753: 20750: 20746: 20744: 20741: 20739: 20736: 20733: 20729: 20727: 20724: 20722: 20721:Peacebuilding 20719: 20717: 20714: 20712: 20709: 20707: 20704: 20702: 20699: 20696: 20692: 20690: 20687: 20685: 20682: 20680: 20677: 20675: 20672: 20670: 20667: 20665: 20662: 20660: 20659:Draft evasion 20657: 20655: 20652: 20650: 20647: 20645: 20642: 20640: 20639:De-escalation 20637: 20635: 20632: 20630: 20627: 20625: 20622: 20620: 20617: 20615: 20612: 20611: 20609: 20605: 20599: 20596: 20594: 20591: 20587: 20584: 20583: 20582: 20579: 20577: 20574: 20572: 20569: 20567: 20564: 20562: 20559: 20557: 20554: 20552: 20549: 20547: 20544: 20542: 20541:Peace One Day 20539: 20535: 20532: 20530: 20529: 20525: 20524: 20523: 20520: 20518: 20515: 20513: 20510: 20508: 20505: 20503: 20500: 20498: 20495: 20493: 20490: 20488: 20485: 20483: 20480: 20478: 20475: 20473: 20470: 20468: 20465: 20463: 20460: 20458: 20455: 20453: 20450: 20448: 20445: 20443: 20440: 20438: 20435: 20434: 20432: 20428: 20422: 20419: 20417: 20414: 20412: 20409: 20407: 20404: 20402: 20399: 20397: 20394: 20392: 20389: 20387: 20384: 20382: 20379: 20377: 20374: 20372: 20369: 20367: 20364: 20362: 20359: 20357: 20354: 20352: 20349: 20347: 20346:Direct action 20344: 20342: 20339: 20337: 20334: 20332: 20329: 20327: 20324: 20322: 20319: 20317: 20314: 20310: 20307: 20305: 20304:Anarcho-punks 20302: 20300: 20297: 20296: 20294: 20292: 20289: 20288: 20286: 20282: 20276: 20273: 20271: 20270:War resisters 20268: 20266: 20263: 20261: 20258: 20256: 20253: 20251: 20248: 20246: 20243: 20241: 20238: 20236: 20233: 20231: 20228: 20226: 20223: 20221: 20218: 20216: 20213: 20211: 20208: 20206: 20203: 20201: 20198: 20196: 20193: 20191: 20188: 20186: 20183: 20181: 20178: 20176: 20173: 20171: 20168: 20166: 20163: 20161: 20158: 20156: 20153: 20151: 20148: 20146: 20143: 20141: 20138: 20136: 20133: 20131: 20128: 20126: 20123: 20121: 20118: 20116: 20113: 20112: 20110: 20106: 20102: 20098: 20091: 20086: 20084: 20079: 20077: 20072: 20071: 20068: 20062: 20055: 20043: 20038: 20033: 20031: 20021: 20019: 20014: 20009: 20007: 20006: 19997: 19995: 19994: 19985: 19984: 19981: 19975: 19972: 19970: 19967: 19965: 19962: 19960: 19957: 19955: 19952: 19950: 19947: 19945: 19942: 19940: 19937: 19936: 19934: 19930: 19924: 19921: 19919: 19916: 19915: 19913: 19911: 19910:Organizations 19907: 19897: 19894: 19892: 19889: 19887: 19884: 19882: 19881:Lula da Silva 19879: 19877: 19874: 19872: 19869: 19867: 19864: 19862: 19859: 19857: 19854: 19852: 19849: 19848: 19846: 19839: 19833: 19830: 19828: 19825: 19823: 19820: 19818: 19815: 19813: 19810: 19808: 19805: 19803: 19800: 19798: 19795: 19793: 19790: 19788: 19785: 19783: 19780: 19778: 19775: 19773: 19770: 19768: 19765: 19763: 19760: 19758: 19755: 19753: 19750: 19748: 19745: 19743: 19740: 19738: 19735: 19733: 19730: 19728: 19725: 19723: 19722:Fred Paterson 19720: 19718: 19715: 19713: 19712:George Orwell 19710: 19708: 19705: 19703: 19700: 19698: 19695: 19693: 19690: 19688: 19685: 19683: 19680: 19678: 19677:Salama Moussa 19675: 19673: 19670: 19668: 19665: 19663: 19660: 19658: 19655: 19653: 19652:Nestor Makhno 19650: 19648: 19645: 19643: 19640: 19638: 19635: 19633: 19632:György Lukács 19630: 19628: 19625: 19623: 19622:Claude Lefort 19620: 19618: 19615: 19613: 19610: 19608: 19605: 19603: 19600: 19598: 19595: 19593: 19590: 19588: 19585: 19583: 19580: 19578: 19575: 19573: 19570: 19568: 19565: 19563: 19560: 19558: 19555: 19553: 19552:Eric Hobsbawm 19550: 19548: 19547:Safdar Hashmi 19545: 19543: 19540: 19538: 19535: 19533: 19530: 19528: 19525: 19523: 19520: 19518: 19515: 19513: 19510: 19508: 19505: 19503: 19500: 19498: 19495: 19493: 19490: 19488: 19485: 19483: 19482:Jeremy Corbyn 19480: 19478: 19477:G. D. H. Cole 19475: 19473: 19470: 19468: 19465: 19463: 19460: 19458: 19455: 19453: 19450: 19448: 19445: 19443: 19440: 19438: 19435: 19433: 19430: 19428: 19425: 19423: 19420: 19418: 19415: 19413: 19410: 19408: 19405: 19403: 19400: 19398: 19397:Deng Xiaoping 19395: 19393: 19390: 19388: 19385: 19383: 19380: 19378: 19375: 19373: 19370: 19368: 19365: 19363: 19360: 19359: 19357: 19350: 19344: 19341: 19339: 19336: 19334: 19333:Josiah Warren 19331: 19329: 19326: 19324: 19321: 19319: 19316: 19314: 19313:Pyotr Tkachev 19311: 19309: 19306: 19304: 19301: 19299: 19296: 19294: 19291: 19289: 19286: 19284: 19281: 19279: 19276: 19274: 19271: 19269: 19266: 19264: 19261: 19259: 19256: 19254: 19251: 19249: 19246: 19244: 19241: 19239: 19236: 19234: 19231: 19229: 19226: 19224: 19223:Louise Michel 19221: 19219: 19216: 19214: 19211: 19209: 19206: 19204: 19203:Pierre Leroux 19201: 19199: 19196: 19194: 19191: 19189: 19186: 19184: 19183:Paul Lafargue 19181: 19179: 19176: 19174: 19171: 19169: 19166: 19164: 19161: 19159: 19156: 19154: 19151: 19149: 19146: 19144: 19141: 19139: 19136: 19134: 19131: 19129: 19126: 19124: 19121: 19119: 19116: 19114: 19111: 19109: 19106: 19104: 19101: 19099: 19096: 19094: 19091: 19089: 19086: 19084: 19083:Étienne Cabet 19081: 19079: 19076: 19074: 19071: 19069: 19068:Georg Büchner 19066: 19064: 19061: 19059: 19056: 19054: 19051: 19049: 19046: 19044: 19041: 19039: 19036: 19034: 19033:Enrico Barone 19031: 19029: 19026: 19024: 19021: 19019: 19016: 19015: 19013: 19006: 19000: 18997: 18995: 18992: 18990: 18987: 18985: 18982: 18980: 18977: 18976: 18974: 18967: 18961: 18958: 18956: 18953: 18952: 18950: 18943: 18940: 18938: 18934: 18928: 18925: 18923: 18920: 18918: 18915: 18913: 18910: 18908: 18905: 18903: 18900: 18898: 18895: 18893: 18890: 18888: 18885: 18883: 18880: 18878: 18875: 18873: 18870: 18868: 18865: 18863: 18860: 18858: 18855: 18853: 18850: 18848: 18845: 18843: 18840: 18838: 18835: 18833: 18830: 18828: 18825: 18823: 18820: 18819: 18817: 18813: 18807: 18804: 18802: 18801:Welfare state 18799: 18797: 18794: 18792: 18789: 18787: 18784: 18782: 18779: 18777: 18774: 18772: 18769: 18767: 18764: 18762: 18759: 18757: 18754: 18752: 18749: 18747: 18744: 18742: 18739: 18737: 18736:Nanosocialism 18734: 18732: 18729: 18727: 18726:Mixed economy 18724: 18722: 18719: 18717: 18714: 18712: 18709: 18707: 18704: 18701: 18697: 18695: 18694:Impossibilism 18692: 18690: 18687: 18685: 18682: 18680: 18677: 18675: 18672: 18670: 18667: 18665: 18664:Equal liberty 18662: 18660: 18657: 18655: 18652: 18650: 18647: 18645: 18642: 18640: 18637: 18635: 18632: 18630: 18627: 18625: 18622: 18620: 18617: 18615: 18612: 18611: 18609: 18603: 18593: 18590: 18588: 18585: 18583: 18580: 18576: 18573: 18571: 18568: 18567: 18566: 18563: 18561: 18558: 18556: 18553: 18551: 18548: 18546: 18543: 18541: 18538: 18534: 18533:Eurocommunism 18531: 18530: 18529: 18526: 18520: 18517: 18516: 18515: 18512: 18510: 18507: 18506: 18505: 18502: 18500: 18497: 18495: 18492: 18490: 18487: 18485: 18482: 18481: 18479: 18475: 18469: 18466: 18464: 18461: 18457: 18454: 18452: 18449: 18448: 18447: 18444: 18442: 18439: 18438: 18436: 18434: 18430: 18422: 18419: 18418: 18417: 18414: 18410: 18407: 18405: 18402: 18396: 18395:Neo-Stalinism 18393: 18392: 18391: 18388: 18384: 18381: 18379: 18376: 18374: 18371: 18369: 18366: 18364: 18361: 18359: 18356: 18355: 18354: 18351: 18349: 18348:Khrushchevism 18346: 18344: 18341: 18339: 18338: 18334: 18332: 18329: 18327: 18324: 18322: 18319: 18317: 18314: 18312: 18309: 18307: 18304: 18302: 18299: 18298: 18297: 18294: 18292: 18289: 18288: 18287: 18284: 18282: 18279: 18275: 18272: 18271: 18270: 18267: 18266: 18264: 18261: 18256: 18255:Authoritarian 18252: 18246: 18243: 18239: 18236: 18232: 18229: 18227: 18224: 18223: 18222: 18219: 18217: 18214: 18212: 18209: 18205: 18202: 18201: 18200: 18197: 18196: 18195: 18192: 18190: 18187: 18183: 18180: 18178: 18175: 18173: 18170: 18168: 18165: 18163: 18160: 18158: 18155: 18153: 18150: 18148: 18145: 18143: 18142:Individualist 18140: 18138: 18135: 18131: 18128: 18126: 18123: 18122: 18121: 18118: 18116: 18113: 18111: 18108: 18107: 18106: 18103: 18102: 18100: 18097: 18092: 18088: 18078: 18075: 18074: 18073: 18070: 18068: 18065: 18063: 18060: 18058: 18055: 18054: 18053: 18050: 18048: 18045: 18043: 18040: 18038: 18037:Revolutionary 18035: 18033: 18030: 18028: 18025: 18023: 18020: 18018: 18015: 18013: 18010: 18006: 18003: 18001: 17998: 17997: 17996: 17993: 17991: 17988: 17986: 17983: 17981: 17978: 17976: 17973: 17971: 17968: 17966: 17963: 17961: 17958: 17957: 17955: 17953: 17947: 17943: 17939: 17934: 17929: 17921: 17916: 17914: 17909: 17907: 17902: 17901: 17898: 17890: 17889: 17883: 17878: 17874: 17870: 17869: 17863: 17857: 17853: 17852: 17846: 17841: 17837: 17833: 17829: 17828: 17822: 17816: 17813: 17809: 17806: 17802: 17801: 17796: 17792: 17790: 17786: 17783: 17781: 17780: 17775: 17772: 17771: 17760: 17754: 17750: 17749: 17743: 17739: 17733: 17729: 17725: 17721: 17717: 17713: 17709: 17705: 17701: 17695: 17691: 17688:. Princeton: 17687: 17682: 17678: 17672: 17668: 17664: 17660: 17656: 17652: 17646: 17643:. New Press. 17642: 17637: 17633: 17627: 17623: 17619: 17615: 17611: 17607: 17601: 17597: 17593: 17589: 17585: 17581: 17580: 17575: 17571: 17567: 17563: 17559: 17553: 17549: 17545: 17541: 17537: 17531: 17527: 17523: 17522: 17517: 17513: 17510: 17509: 17504: 17501: 17497: 17493: 17489: 17486: 17483: 17479: 17475: 17471: 17468: 17464: 17460: 17456: 17452: 17448: 17444: 17440: 17436: 17435: 17429: 17425: 17421: 17415: 17411: 17410: 17405: 17401: 17397: 17391: 17387: 17383: 17378: 17375: 17371: 17367: 17363: 17359: 17353: 17349: 17345: 17340: 17336: 17331: 17327: 17321: 17317: 17316: 17311: 17306: 17302: 17298: 17294: 17290: 17286: 17282: 17278: 17272: 17268: 17267: 17262: 17258: 17254: 17248: 17244: 17240: 17235: 17231: 17225: 17221: 17217: 17213: 17209: 17204: 17200: 17194: 17190: 17186: 17182: 17178: 17174: 17170: 17166: 17162: 17158: 17154: 17151:(1): 62–101. 17150: 17146: 17145: 17139: 17135: 17129: 17125: 17121: 17117: 17113: 17109: 17105: 17101: 17097: 17093: 17087: 17083: 17082:Vintage Books 17079: 17078: 17073: 17069: 17065: 17061: 17057: 17053: 17048: 17037: 17031: 17027: 17023: 17019: 17018: 17012: 17008: 17002: 16998: 16994: 16993: 16988: 16984: 16980: 16979: 16973: 16967: 16963: 16957: 16953: 16949: 16945: 16941: 16937: 16931: 16927: 16923: 16919: 16918:Cohen, Gerald 16915: 16911: 16906: 16901: 16897: 16896: 16884: 16878: 16874: 16870: 16869: 16863: 16859: 16855: 16851: 16847: 16843: 16838: 16837:2027.42/68447 16833: 16829: 16825: 16822:(3–4): 1–28. 16821: 16817: 16816: 16810: 16807: 16794: 16790: 16789: 16784: 16780: 16779:Hickel, Jason 16775: 16771: 16765: 16761: 16757: 16753: 16749: 16745: 16744: 16739: 16735: 16731: 16725: 16721: 16717: 16712: 16708: 16702: 16698: 16694: 16690: 16686: 16682: 16678: 16667: 16663: 16658: 16654: 16648: 16644: 16640: 16635: 16634: 16627: 16623: 16617: 16613: 16609: 16604: 16600: 16594: 16590: 16586: 16581: 16569: 16565: 16559: 16555: 16551: 16550: 16544: 16540: 16534: 16530: 16526: 16522: 16510: 16506: 16502: 16498: 16494: 16490: 16484: 16480: 16475: 16471: 16465: 16461: 16457: 16452: 16448: 16442: 16438: 16434: 16429: 16425: 16421: 16417: 16411: 16407: 16403: 16398: 16394: 16390: 16384: 16380: 16376: 16375: 16369: 16365: 16359: 16355: 16350: 16346: 16340: 16336: 16332: 16327: 16323: 16317: 16313: 16309: 16304: 16293: 16292: 16287: 16282: 16271: 16264: 16259: 16255: 16249: 16245: 16241: 16236: 16232: 16221: 16215: 16211: 16207: 16203: 16199: 16195: 16191: 16187: 16183: 16179: 16168: 16164: 16160: 16156: 16152: 16148: 16144: 16140: 16136: 16132: 16127: 16123: 16119: 16118: 16112: 16109: 16097: 16096: 16091: 16087: 16083: 16079: 16075: 16069: 16065: 16061: 16060: 16055: 16051: 16047: 16041: 16037: 16033: 16029: 16025: 16021: 16017: 16013: 16007: 16003: 15999: 15995: 15994: 15989: 15985: 15981: 15977: 15973: 15969: 15965: 15961: 15957: 15953: 15952: 15946: 15935: 15934: 15929: 15924: 15920: 15914: 15910: 15906: 15902: 15898: 15894: 15888: 15884: 15880: 15876: 15872: 15868: 15862: 15858: 15854: 15850: 15845: 15841: 15835: 15831: 15827: 15822: 15818: 15812: 15808: 15807:PublicAffairs 15804: 15803: 15798: 15794: 15790: 15784: 15780: 15776: 15772: 15768: 15764: 15760: 15754: 15750: 15746: 15742: 15741:Berman, Sheri 15738: 15734: 15730: 15725: 15721: 15715: 15711: 15707: 15703: 15691: 15687: 15683: 15679: 15675: 15671: 15665: 15661: 15657: 15652: 15648: 15642: 15638: 15634: 15630: 15626: 15625: 15620: 15616: 15612: 15608: 15604: 15598: 15594: 15589: 15588: 15581: 15577: 15573: 15569: 15565: 15561: 15557: 15556: 15551: 15547: 15543: 15539: 15533: 15529: 15528: 15523: 15519: 15515: 15511: 15510: 15498: 15494: 15490: 15486: 15485:Bevins (2020) 15481: 15465: 15461: 15457: 15453: 15452: 15447: 15440: 15433: 15428: 15412: 15408: 15404: 15397: 15389: 15383: 15379: 15372: 15365: 15360: 15356: 15352: 15348: 15344: 15338: 15331:. p. 47. 15330: 15326: 15322: 15316: 15308: 15302: 15298: 15294: 15287: 15271: 15265: 15257: 15253: 15249: 15248:Hahnel, Robin 15243: 15235: 15231: 15224: 15217: 15213: 15209: 15205: 15198: 15182: 15176: 15172: 15168: 15164: 15160: 15156: 15152: 15148: 15142: 15126: 15122: 15118: 15111: 15103: 15099: 15093: 15085: 15081: 15075: 15067: 15061: 15053: 15049: 15042: 15034: 15030: 15024: 15013: 15007: 14999: 14995: 14988: 14980: 14974: 14966: 14959: 14951: 14950: 14945: 14939: 14931: 14925: 14921: 14917: 14913: 14912:Eco-Socialism 14906: 14898: 14894: 14890: 14884: 14880: 14876: 14872: 14866: 14858: 14854: 14850: 14844: 14840: 14836: 14832: 14831:Salleh, Ariel 14826: 14818: 14814: 14810: 14804: 14800: 14796: 14789: 14781: 14777: 14773: 14767: 14763: 14759: 14753: 14737: 14733: 14727: 14711: 14707: 14701: 14693: 14689: 14683: 14675: 14671: 14667: 14661: 14645: 14641: 14637: 14631: 14615: 14611: 14605: 14597: 14593: 14591: 14576: 14572: 14565: 14549: 14545: 14541: 14535: 14527: 14523: 14519: 14513: 14509: 14505: 14499: 14491: 14487: 14483: 14477: 14473: 14469: 14465: 14459: 14451: 14447: 14443: 14437: 14433: 14429: 14425: 14419: 14411: 14407: 14403: 14397: 14393: 14389: 14382: 14374: 14368: 14364: 14360: 14359: 14351: 14343: 14337: 14333: 14329: 14328: 14323: 14317: 14309: 14308: 14303: 14299: 14293: 14277: 14273: 14267: 14260: 14256: 14252: 14249: 14244: 14225: 14221: 14214: 14208: 14200: 14194: 14190: 14186: 14185: 14177: 14169: 14165: 14161: 14155: 14151: 14147: 14143: 14137: 14128: 14122: 14118: 14114: 14113: 14105: 14097: 14093: 14089: 14085: 14079: 14071: 14067: 14063: 14059: 14055: 14052:(in French). 14051: 14043: 14027: 14023: 14019: 14015: 14008: 14000: 13996: 13992: 13986: 13982: 13978: 13977: 13972: 13966: 13958: 13954: 13950: 13944: 13940: 13936: 13932: 13926: 13911: 13910: 13905: 13899: 13884: 13883: 13878: 13872: 13857: 13856: 13851: 13845: 13830: 13829: 13824: 13818: 13810: 13804: 13800: 13797:. Aldershot: 13796: 13789: 13781: 13777: 13773: 13769: 13765: 13761: 13757: 13753: 13752: 13744: 13729: 13725: 13719: 13704: 13703: 13698: 13694: 13688: 13680: 13676: 13672: 13668: 13664: 13660: 13656: 13652: 13651: 13643: 13628: 13622: 13618: 13614: 13610: 13609: 13604: 13599: 13594: 13588: 13581: 13577: 13573: 13567: 13559: 13555: 13549: 13541: 13537: 13531: 13523: 13519: 13518:mutualist.org 13515: 13509: 13503: 13496: 13490: 13483: 13476: 13472: 13466: 13459: 13455:. p. 3. 13454: 13450: 13443: 13436: 13424: 13420: 13414: 13407: 13402: 13401: 13396: 13395:Goldman, Emma 13390: 13383: 13377: 13370: 13366: 13362: 13358: 13354: 13350: 13346: 13339: 13332: 13326: 13318: 13312: 13308: 13304: 13297: 13288: 13281: 13277: 13273: 13269: 13264: 13258: 13251: 13245: 13238: 13234: 13231: 13225: 13223: 13215: 13211: 13207: 13203: 13197: 13190: 13184: 13177: 13173: 13170: 13164: 13157: 13153: 13149: 13145: 13139: 13132: 13128: 13122: 13115:. p. 21. 13114: 13110: 13106: 13100: 13092: 13088: 13081: 13073: 13067: 13063: 13059: 13055: 13049: 13042: 13036: 13028: 13024: 13018: 13002: 12998: 12997: 12992: 12988: 12974: 12970: 12966: 12959: 12940: 12936: 12932: 12928: 12924: 12920: 12916: 12909: 12902: 12887: 12886: 12881: 12877: 12876:Chomsky, Noam 12871: 12863: 12859: 12855: 12851: 12848:(1): 84–102. 12847: 12843: 12839: 12832: 12824: 12818: 12814: 12813: 12805: 12797: 12791: 12787: 12786: 12778: 12770: 12764: 12760: 12759: 12751: 12743: 12737: 12733: 12732: 12724: 12716: 12710: 12706: 12699: 12691: 12685: 12681: 12680: 12672: 12664: 12658: 12654: 12653: 12645: 12637: 12631: 12627: 12626: 12618: 12610: 12604: 12600: 12599: 12591: 12583: 12577: 12573: 12572: 12564: 12556: 12550: 12546: 12545: 12537: 12529: 12523: 12519: 12518: 12510: 12502: 12498: 12494: 12490: 12486: 12482: 12478: 12474: 12470: 12463: 12455: 12449: 12445: 12438: 12430: 12424: 12420: 12419: 12411: 12403: 12397: 12393: 12392: 12384: 12376: 12370: 12366: 12362: 12358: 12354: 12347: 12339: 12333: 12330:. p. 1. 12329: 12325: 12318: 12311: 12298: 12294: 12293: 12285: 12277: 12271: 12267: 12263: 12256: 12249: 12245: 12241: 12235: 12219: 12215: 12214: 12206: 12190: 12186: 12184: 12176: 12169: 12164: 12157: 12153: 12150: 12146: 12142: 12139: 12138: 12132: 12131:direct action 12127: 12123: 12119: 12118: 12111: 12103: 12099: 12098: 12093: 12089: 12083: 12067: 12063: 12059: 12053: 12037: 12033: 12027: 12019: 12015: 12011: 12005: 12001: 11997: 11990: 11982: 11978: 11974: 11968: 11964: 11960: 11953: 11951: 11949: 11941: 11936: 11932: 11928: 11921: 11913: 11909: 11905: 11901: 11894: 11886: 11882: 11878: 11874: 11867: 11859: 11855: 11849: 11845: 11844: 11836: 11829: 11824: 11822: 11812: 11806: 11802: 11797: 11790: 11785: 11776: 11772: 11768: 11761: 11753: 11747: 11743: 11739: 11732: 11724: 11720: 11716: 11710: 11706: 11702: 11695: 11688: 11683: 11675: 11671: 11667: 11661: 11657: 11653: 11646: 11640:, p. 91. 11639: 11634: 11632: 11624: 11620: 11619:Newman (2005) 11615: 11600: 11596: 11590: 11583: 11579: 11575: 11570: 11565: 11561: 11557: 11556: 11551: 11547: 11546:Hickel, Jason 11540: 11524: 11520: 11519:Common Dreams 11516: 11510: 11495: 11494: 11489: 11485: 11479: 11464: 11460: 11453: 11445: 11439: 11435: 11431: 11427: 11426: 11421: 11420:Mander, Jerry 11415: 11408: 11403: 11395: 11391: 11387: 11381: 11377: 11373: 11366: 11359: 11354: 11352: 11344: 11339: 11324: 11323: 11318: 11311: 11303: 11297: 11293: 11292: 11284: 11276: 11272: 11266: 11262: 11261: 11253: 11246: 11245:Newman (2005) 11241: 11233: 11227: 11223: 11219: 11213: 11205: 11199: 11195: 11191: 11184: 11177: 11173: 11167: 11163: 11159: 11155: 11152:(2): 145–63. 11151: 11147: 11141: 11137: 11131: 11124: 11122: 11117: 11111: 11103: 11097: 11093: 11086: 11079: 11075: 11071: 11065: 11058: 11054: 11050: 11044: 11037: 11031: 11024: 11018: 11011: 11007: 11003: 11000: 10994: 10987: 10983: 10979: 10973: 10965: 10961: 10957: 10951: 10947: 10943: 10936: 10934: 10926: 10922: 10916: 10910: 10909: 10904: 10897: 10890: 10885: 10883: 10874: 10867: 10860: 10855: 10847: 10843: 10836: 10828: 10822: 10818: 10812: 10807: 10803: 10800:"Anarchism". 10788: 10784: 10780: 10766: 10762: 10761: 10756: 10749: 10745: 10741: 10737: 10733: 10729: 10723: 10716: 10712: 10708: 10704: 10698: 10691: 10686: 10682: 10681: 10676: 10670: 10663: 10660:. p. 7. 10659: 10655: 10648: 10641: 10637: 10633: 10629: 10623: 10621: 10612: 10605: 10598: 10594: 10590: 10587:"Anarchism". 10583: 10576: 10570: 10563: 10559: 10555: 10549: 10542: 10537: 10535: 10527: 10522: 10520: 10512: 10507: 10491: 10487: 10483: 10477: 10461: 10460: 10455: 10449: 10430: 10423: 10417: 10401: 10397: 10391: 10376:. 8 July 2008 10375: 10371: 10365: 10349: 10345: 10342:Talent, Jim. 10338: 10319: 10312: 10306: 10290: 10286: 10280: 10264: 10260: 10254: 10246: 10245: 10237: 10230:. p. 11. 10229: 10225: 10218: 10202: 10196: 10188: 10182: 10178: 10174: 10167: 10158: 10153: 10149: 10145: 10141: 10134: 10127: 10122: 10115: 10111: 10105: 10101: 10094: 10086: 10074: 10070: 10069: 10064: 10060: 10054: 10035: 10028: 10027: 10020: 10013: 10008: 9993: 9992: 9987: 9983: 9977: 9970: 9965: 9959: 9955: 9951: 9947: 9946: 9941: 9935: 9926: 9921: 9917: 9913: 9912: 9907: 9900: 9893: 9887: 9883: 9882: 9874: 9866: 9862: 9856: 9852: 9851: 9844: 9836: 9832: 9826: 9822: 9818: 9817: 9809: 9793: 9789: 9783: 9765: 9759: 9751: 9747: 9743: 9742:Hahnel, Robin 9739: 9733: 9725: 9721: 9717: 9713: 9709: 9702: 9687:. Cybersyn.cl 9686: 9680: 9673: 9667: 9652: 9648: 9642: 9640: 9632: 9627: 9621: 9617: 9613: 9606: 9599: 9594: 9586: 9582: 9578: 9571: 9567: 9563: 9557: 9548: 9542: 9538: 9534: 9530: 9529:Trotsky, Leon 9524: 9517: 9513: 9508: 9489: 9482: 9475: 9467: 9461: 9457: 9450: 9443: 9438: 9434: 9430: 9426: 9425:Trotsky, Leon 9420: 9413: 9412:Horvat (1982) 9408: 9401: 9400:Horvat (1982) 9396: 9388: 9382: 9378: 9373: 9372: 9363: 9347: 9341: 9333: 9321: 9306: 9300: 9296: 9295: 9288: 9273: 9267: 9263: 9259: 9258: 9253: 9247: 9239: 9235: 9234: 9229: 9223: 9216: 9212: 9208: 9203: 9199: 9192: 9185: 9181: 9175: 9171: 9164: 9157: 9152: 9146: 9142: 9138: 9131: 9124: 9120: 9114: 9110: 9103: 9096: 9091: 9083: 9082: 9077: 9071: 9063: 9062: 9057: 9053: 9047: 9039: 9038:New Statesman 9035: 9028: 9020: 9016: 9009: 9001: 8997: 8993: 8989: 8985: 8978: 8970: 8964: 8960: 8959: 8951: 8943: 8937: 8933: 8926: 8918: 8912: 8908: 8907: 8899: 8891: 8887: 8883: 8879: 8875: 8871: 8867: 8863: 8859: 8852: 8844: 8838: 8834: 8833: 8825: 8818: 8812: 8804: 8800: 8794: 8786: 8780: 8776: 8775: 8767: 8751: 8747: 8743: 8736: 8728: 8717: 8713: 8709: 8702: 8687: 8683: 8676: 8674: 8665: 8661: 8657: 8653: 8649: 8645: 8644: 8636: 8628: 8617: 8610: 8602: 8601: 8596: 8592: 8586: 8579: 8578:Newman (2005) 8574: 8572: 8563: 8557: 8553: 8549: 8542: 8526: 8522: 8518: 8512: 8505: 8500: 8494: 8490: 8483: 8476: 8471: 8467: 8460: 8454:, p. 21. 8453: 8452:Berlau (1949) 8448: 8440: 8434: 8430: 8423: 8415: 8409: 8405: 8401: 8394: 8386: 8380: 8376: 8369: 8361: 8360: 8355: 8349: 8347: 8339: 8326: 8322: 8318: 8312: 8305: 8300: 8293: 8292:Horvat (1982) 8288: 8281: 8280:Horvat (1982) 8276: 8269: 8265: 8258: 8256: 8248: 8247:Horvat (1982) 8243: 8236: 8232: 8221: 8220: 8215: 8209: 8201: 8197: 8193: 8189: 8185: 8178: 8162: 8158: 8154: 8148: 8133: 8129: 8122: 8106: 8102: 8098: 8092: 8090: 8082: 8077: 8070: 8063: 8057: 8041: 8037: 8030: 8023: 8017: 8010: 8006: 8000: 7996: 7989: 7982: 7978: 7974: 7969: 7960: 7952: 7948: 7944: 7940: 7935: 7930: 7926: 7922: 7918: 7914: 7913: 7908: 7904: 7900: 7896: 7892: 7891:Hickel, Jason 7886: 7878: 7874: 7869: 7864: 7860: 7856: 7852: 7848: 7844: 7840: 7839: 7834: 7830: 7823: 7808: 7804: 7797: 7782: 7778: 7774: 7773: 7768: 7761: 7746: 7742: 7738: 7737: 7736:The Economist 7732: 7726: 7711: 7710: 7705: 7698: 7690: 7689: 7683: 7675: 7660: 7656: 7652: 7651: 7646: 7643:Henley, Jon. 7639: 7631: 7630: 7629:The Economist 7625: 7619: 7600: 7593: 7587: 7571: 7565: 7558: 7552: 7545: 7541: 7536: 7529: 7523: 7515: 7509: 7505: 7501: 7500: 7495: 7489: 7481: 7474: 7467: 7463: 7458: 7451: 7446: 7443:. Cambridge: 7442: 7435: 7420: 7419: 7414: 7407: 7399: 7393: 7389: 7385: 7378: 7370: 7369:Penguin Books 7366: 7362: 7356: 7348: 7342: 7338: 7337:Fontana Books 7334: 7333: 7328: 7322: 7314: 7308: 7304: 7300: 7296: 7292: 7291: 7286: 7279: 7277: 7269: 7264: 7258: 7254: 7250: 7246: 7242: 7235: 7228: 7223: 7216: 7211: 7205: 7201: 7194: 7192: 7184: 7180: 7174: 7170: 7163: 7156: 7151: 7145: 7141: 7137: 7133: 7129: 7122: 7114: 7110: 7104: 7096: 7095: 7087: 7080: 7075: 7069: 7065: 7058: 7050: 7046: 7042: 7036: 7032: 7028: 7021: 7019: 7010: 7006: 7000: 6996: 6992: 6991: 6986: 6980: 6965: 6961: 6957: 6951: 6943: 6937: 6933: 6929: 6922: 6907: 6903: 6899: 6895: 6888: 6873: 6869: 6862: 6860: 6851: 6850: 6845: 6839: 6832: 6828: 6824: 6820: 6815: 6808: 6803: 6796: 6792: 6788: 6784: 6779: 6771: 6767: 6760: 6752: 6745: 6738: 6737:Newman (2005) 6733: 6726:. p. 71. 6725: 6721: 6717: 6711: 6704: 6700: 6694: 6690: 6686: 6679: 6672: 6667: 6659: 6653: 6649: 6645: 6638: 6631: 6626: 6620:, p. 415 6619: 6615: 6611: 6610:Bailey (2009) 6607: 6603: 6602:Berman (1998) 6599: 6598:Roemer (1994) 6594: 6587: 6582: 6576: 6572: 6568: 6561: 6553: 6547: 6543: 6539: 6532: 6525: 6520: 6516: 6510: 6503: 6502:Newman (2005) 6498: 6491: 6486: 6480: 6476: 6472: 6465: 6458: 6453: 6447: 6443: 6439: 6432: 6424: 6420: 6416: 6412: 6408: 6404: 6400: 6396: 6392: 6388: 6384: 6383: 6375: 6368: 6364: 6360: 6356: 6351: 6344: 6340: 6336: 6335:Steele (1999) 6332: 6327: 6320: 6315: 6309: 6305: 6301: 6294: 6286: 6280: 6276: 6272: 6265: 6258: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6241: 6235: 6228: 6216: 6215: 6210: 6204: 6197: 6193: 6187: 6183: 6179: 6172: 6165: 6161: 6160:Horvat (2000) 6156: 6149: 6144: 6137: 6133: 6127: 6123: 6119: 6114: 6113: 6104: 6097: 6093: 6087: 6083: 6079: 6078: 6070: 6063: 6052: 6048: 6042: 6035: 6030: 6024: 6020: 6016: 6012: 6011: 6003: 5996: 5995:Arnold (1994) 5991: 5984: 5983:Horvat (2000) 5979: 5970: 5965: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5946: 5940: 5937: 5934: 5931: 5928: 5925: 5922: 5919: 5916: 5913: 5912:Horvat (2000) 5910: 5907: 5903: 5902:Arnold (1994) 5900: 5897: 5894: 5893: 5890: 5883: 5878: 5874: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5826:Paris Commune 5824: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5789: 5788: 5781: 5779: 5775: 5771: 5766: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5751: 5749: 5745: 5741: 5737: 5733: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5718: 5714: 5710: 5706: 5702: 5697: 5695: 5691: 5687: 5683: 5678: 5676: 5672: 5669:According to 5662: 5658: 5654: 5650: 5646: 5636: 5627: 5618: 5608: 5598: 5595: 5592:In 2023, the 5590: 5587: 5583: 5578: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5564: 5559: 5557: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5541: 5537: 5533: 5529: 5524: 5521: 5516: 5508: 5506: 5502: 5498: 5494: 5490: 5486: 5482: 5476: 5470: 5460: 5458: 5454: 5450: 5446: 5442: 5438: 5434: 5430: 5429: 5424: 5420: 5416: 5411: 5409: 5408:Élisée Reclus 5405: 5404: 5400:and his book 5399: 5395: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5378: 5374: 5370: 5366: 5362: 5358: 5357:globalisation 5354: 5349: 5347: 5343: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5327: 5322: 5318: 5314: 5310: 5306: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5288: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5274: 5269: 5265: 5261: 5257: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5233: 5229: 5227: 5222: 5221: 5214: 5213: 5207: 5203: 5199: 5195: 5190: 5186: 5182: 5178: 5174: 5170: 5166: 5162: 5161: 5156: 5152: 5148: 5144: 5140: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5118: 5117:Progressivism 5114: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5083:Eco-socialism 5074: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5048: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5032: 5025: 5020: 5016: 5014: 5009: 4999: 4997: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4930: 4924: 4919: 4917: 4912: 4910: 4906: 4902: 4898: 4894: 4890: 4885: 4884:decentralised 4881: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4857: 4853: 4849: 4842: 4838: 4835: 4831: 4829: 4828:Le Libertaire 4824: 4823: 4817: 4812: 4802: 4800: 4795: 4793: 4789: 4785: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4769: 4765: 4762: 4758: 4757:decentralised 4754: 4750: 4746: 4743: 4739: 4734: 4732: 4728: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4694: 4690: 4686: 4682: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4656: 4652: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4630: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4608: 4606: 4602: 4598: 4594: 4593:Piero Gobetti 4590: 4586: 4582: 4578: 4574: 4570: 4565: 4563: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4539: 4535: 4531: 4527: 4523: 4522:mixed economy 4519: 4514: 4507: 4503: 4498: 4494: 4484: 4480: 4478: 4472: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4457:mixed economy 4454: 4450: 4446: 4442: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4399: 4394: 4392: 4387: 4381: 4378: 4371: 4364: 4360: 4350: 4347: 4343: 4338: 4336: 4331: 4327: 4323: 4319: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4299: 4297: 4293: 4292:direct action 4289: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4246: 4242: 4241:self-governed 4238: 4232: 4222: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4210:Bhikhu Parekh 4207: 4202: 4200: 4196: 4192: 4188: 4183: 4179: 4174: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4151: 4147: 4142: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4119: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4102: 4097: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4078: 4074: 4067: 4063: 4059: 4055: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4040:Prague Spring 4037: 4033: 4030: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4004: 3994: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3979:Cammell Laird 3976: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3959: 3957: 3953: 3947: 3945: 3941: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3913: 3903: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3890: 3885: 3882: 3878: 3873: 3871: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3753: 3749: 3748:G. D. H. Cole 3745: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3721: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3692: 3685: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3657: 3655: 3651: 3646: 3642: 3637: 3634: 3630: 3625: 3621: 3616: 3613: 3612:Enrico Barone 3609: 3603: 3593: 3590: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3561: 3557: 3555: 3551: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3501: 3499: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3462: 3458: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3435: 3428: 3424: 3419: 3414: 3411: 3407: 3400: 3393: 3387: 3377: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3322: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3303:Stalinist era 3300: 3299:Soviet Russia 3296: 3291: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3276: 3271: 3270: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3248: 3244: 3243: 3238: 3234: 3233: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3215: 3209: 3203: 3200: 3193: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3145: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3125: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3111: 3107: 3102: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3086: 3085:impossibilist 3082: 3075: 3071: 3061: 3059: 3058: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3039: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3018: 3014: 3004: 3001: 2997: 2992: 2988: 2986: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2964: 2962: 2957: 2955: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2931: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2916: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2905:Paris Commune 2901: 2899: 2894: 2892: 2889:in which the 2888: 2883: 2879: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2858: 2854: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2835: 2833: 2832: 2824: 2817: 2807: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2779:minimum wages 2774: 2772: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2742: 2740: 2736: 2729: 2725: 2715: 2711: 2709: 2705: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2655: 2654:Enlightenment 2651: 2650:republicanism 2645: 2635: 2633: 2632:eco-anarchism 2629: 2628:eco-socialism 2625: 2621: 2617: 2616:Mark J. Perry 2613: 2609: 2608: 2603: 2599: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2588:Jeremy Corbyn 2585: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2544: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2497: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2474:PAIS Alliance 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2456:In 1990, the 2449: 2445: 2439: 2433: 2427: 2424:found by the 2423: 2411: 2402: 2391: 2382: 2372: 2362: 2360: 2359:progressivism 2356: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2325: 2324:decentralised 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2304: 2302: 2299:with partial 2298: 2297:mixed economy 2293: 2292:Aneurin Bevan 2289: 2285: 2282:. In the UK, 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2238: 2233: 2229: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2194: 2189: 2186:and the 1789 2185: 2179: 2169: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2142: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2128:Étienne Cabet 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2112: 2107: 2103: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2083: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1980: 1975: 1971: 1970: 1965: 1964: 1959: 1958: 1953: 1952: 1947: 1943: 1938: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1903: 1902:individualism 1899: 1895: 1890: 1889: 1883: 1882:Pierre Leroux 1879: 1872: 1868: 1865:19th century 1863: 1859: 1856: 1850: 1839: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1804: 1802: 1801:progressivism 1798: 1794: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1760: 1758: 1757:welfare state 1754: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1733:mixed economy 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1701:profit motive 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1669: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1636:theories and 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1584: 1579: 1577: 1572: 1570: 1565: 1564: 1562: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1544: 1534: 1531: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1516: 1515: 1514: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1486:Related lists 1484: 1483: 1477: 1476: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1456: 1454: 1451: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1443:Progressivism 1441: 1439: 1438:Nanosocialism 1436: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1347: 1344: 1343:Organizations 1339: 1338: 1331: 1330:Ocasio-Cortez 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1266: 1263: 1261: 1258: 1256: 1253: 1251: 1250:van der Lubbe 1248: 1246: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1218: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1201: 1198: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1102: 1096: 1095: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1070: 1068: 1065: 1063: 1060: 1058: 1055: 1053: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 993: 990: 988: 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 973: 970: 968: 965: 963: 960: 958: 955: 953: 950: 948: 945: 943: 940: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 908: 905: 903: 900: 898: 895: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 828: 825: 823: 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 787:Chernyshevsky 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 743: 740: 738: 735: 733: 730: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 678: 675: 674: 671:Intellectuals 668: 667: 660: 657: 655: 652: 650: 647: 645: 642: 640: 637: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 610: 607: 605: 604:Revolutionary 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 560: 557: 555: 552: 550: 547: 545: 542: 540: 539:Laissez-faire 537: 535: 532: 530: 527: 525: 522: 520: 517: 515: 512: 510: 507: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 485: 482: 480: 477: 475: 472: 470: 467: 465: 462: 460: 457: 455: 452: 450: 447: 445: 444:Authoritarian 442: 440: 437: 435: 432: 430: 427: 425: 422: 420: 417: 416: 413: 408: 407: 400: 397: 393: 390: 388: 385: 383: 380: 378: 375: 374: 373: 370: 366: 363: 361: 358: 356: 353: 351: 348: 346: 343: 342: 341: 338: 336: 333: 332: 326: 325: 318: 315: 313: 310: 308: 305: 303: 299: 296: 294: 293:Strike action 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 256: 254: 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 214: 211: 209: 206: 204: 201: 199: 198:Equal liberty 196: 194: 191: 189: 186: 184: 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 169: 166: 164: 161: 160: 154: 153: 146: 143: 141: 138: 136: 133: 131: 128: 126: 123: 122: 116: 115: 109: 106: 104: 101: 100: 98: 97: 93: 89: 88: 85: 82: 81: 77: 73: 72: 69: 65: 48: 44: 40: 33: 28: 19: 27582:Anti-fascism 27546: 27529: 27512: 27495: 27478: 27466:from Commons 27461: 27444: 27423: 27289:Western Bloc 27089:AUSCANNZUKUS 27045:Contemporary 26994:Human rights 26840:Latin Church 26814:Christianity 26764: 26727: 26723:Conservatism 26568:contemporary 26405:Architecture 26341:World War II 26301:Emancipation 26296:Abolitionism 26184:Romanization 26179:Roman legacy 26160:Roman Empire 26050: 25822:Demographics 25812:Antisemitism 25665:Central Bank 25583:Forced labor 25531:Spetsnaz GRU 25351:organisation 25259:Human rights 25208:Constitution 25091:Subdivisions 24969:Russian SFSR 24925:Soviet Union 24761:Baranya–Baja 24730:Soviet Union 24710:East Germany 24408:Burkina Faso 24110: 24053: 23952:Elite theory 23900: 23890: 23880: 23870: 23860: 23850: 23840: 23830: 23820: 23810: 23800: 23790: 23780: 23770: 23760: 23750: 23740: 23730: 23720: 23710: 23700: 23690: 22989:Guicciardini 22945:Early modern 22768:Philosophers 22718:Open society 22654:Body politic 22618: 22524:Distributism 22514:Conservatism 22509:Confucianism 22428:Gerontocracy 22418:Dictatorship 22372:Sovereignty‎ 22362:Ruling class 22252:Emancipation 22237:Citizenship‎ 22054:Collectivism 22015: 21893:Distributism 21878:Conservatism 21873:Confucianism 21793:Centre-right 21688: 21575:Wage slavery 21529:Unemployment 21509:Productivity 21440:Philanthropy 21301:Mercantilist 21278: 21249:Conservative 21084:Deregulation 21045:perspectives 21043:Aspects and 20818:World War II 20674:Flower power 20526: 20366:Isolationism 20240:Peace treaty 20003: 19991: 19822:Clara Zetkin 19802:Leon Trotsky 19797:Ernst Toller 19787:R. H. Tawney 19727:Karl Polanyi 19602:James Larkin 19467:Noam Chomsky 19193:Pyotr Lavrov 19173:Karl Kautsky 19168:Mother Jones 19148:Charles Hall 19138:Emma Goldman 19108:Claire Démar 19038:August Bebel 18832:Basic income 18335: 18211:Luxemburgism 18162:Neozapatismo 18110:Collectivist 17960:21st century 17927: 17886: 17866: 17849: 17825: 17798: 17777: 17747: 17723: 17708:Webb, Sidney 17685: 17662: 17640: 17621: 17610:Google Books 17608:– via 17578: 17547: 17520: 17506: 17491: 17473: 17438: 17432: 17424:the original 17408: 17386:Policy Press 17381: 17365: 17343: 17334: 17313: 17288: 17285:Oskar, Lange 17265: 17238: 17207: 17189:Liberty Fund 17184: 17148: 17142: 17123: 17103: 17075: 17051: 17041:16 September 17039:. Retrieved 17016: 16991: 16976: 16947: 16921: 16909: 16867: 16857: 16819: 16813: 16804: 16797:. Retrieved 16793:the original 16786: 16759: 16748:Google Books 16746:– via 16742: 16715: 16692: 16669:. Retrieved 16665: 16632: 16607: 16584: 16572:. Retrieved 16548: 16528: 16513:. Retrieved 16509:the original 16500: 16478: 16455: 16432: 16401: 16393:Google Books 16391:– via 16373: 16356:. Springer. 16353: 16330: 16307: 16295:. Retrieved 16289: 16273:. Retrieved 16239: 16231:Google Books 16229:– via 16223:. Retrieved 16205: 16185: 16170:. Retrieved 16166: 16151:the original 16138: 16134: 16122:Google Books 16116: 16106: 16101:26 September 16099:. Retrieved 16093: 16086:Sehon, Scott 16058: 16035: 15996:. New York: 15992: 15955: 15949: 15937:. Retrieved 15931: 15904: 15878: 15852: 15825: 15800: 15774: 15767:Best, Steven 15744: 15731:. New York: 15728: 15712:. Politico. 15709: 15694:. Retrieved 15690:the original 15685: 15655: 15622: 15586: 15559: 15553: 15542:the original 15526: 15514:Aarons, Mark 15506:Bibliography 15480: 15468:. Retrieved 15464:the original 15449: 15439: 15427: 15415:. Retrieved 15411:the original 15406: 15396: 15377: 15371: 15362: 15354: 15337: 15324: 15315: 15292: 15286: 15274:. Retrieved 15272:. Sangam.org 15264: 15251: 15242: 15229: 15223: 15215: 15207: 15197: 15184:. Retrieved 15158: 15141: 15131:27 September 15129:. Retrieved 15125:the original 15120: 15110: 15101: 15092: 15084:SurveyMonkey 15083: 15074: 15060: 15051: 15041: 15032: 15023: 15006: 14997: 14987: 14973: 14964: 14958: 14947: 14944:Dolgoff, Sam 14938: 14911: 14905: 14874: 14865: 14834: 14825: 14799:Virago Press 14794: 14788: 14761: 14752: 14740:. Retrieved 14726: 14714:. Retrieved 14706:Biehl, Janet 14700: 14692:the original 14682: 14674:the original 14670:raforum.info 14669: 14660: 14648:. Retrieved 14644:the original 14639: 14630: 14618:. Retrieved 14614:the original 14604: 14586: 14579:. Retrieved 14575:the original 14564: 14552:. Retrieved 14548:the original 14543: 14540:"Green Left" 14534: 14507: 14498: 14467: 14458: 14427: 14418: 14387: 14381: 14357: 14350: 14326: 14316: 14306: 14292: 14280:. Retrieved 14276:the original 14266: 14243: 14231:. 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Retrieved 13001:the original 12994: 12978:22 September 12976:. Retrieved 12968: 12958: 12946:. Retrieved 12939:the original 12918: 12914: 12901: 12889:. Retrieved 12883: 12870: 12845: 12841: 12831: 12811: 12804: 12784: 12777: 12757: 12750: 12730: 12723: 12704: 12698: 12678: 12671: 12651: 12644: 12624: 12617: 12597: 12590: 12570: 12563: 12543: 12536: 12516: 12509: 12476: 12472: 12462: 12443: 12437: 12417: 12410: 12390: 12383: 12356: 12346: 12323: 12317: 12308: 12301:. Retrieved 12297:the original 12291: 12284: 12261: 12255: 12239: 12234: 12222:. Retrieved 12218:the original 12212: 12205: 12193:. Retrieved 12189:the original 12182: 12175: 12167: 12163: 12136: 12121: 12115: 12110: 12100:– via 12095: 12082: 12070:. Retrieved 12066:the original 12062:NewYouth.com 12061: 12052: 12040:. Retrieved 12036:the original 12026: 11995: 11989: 11958: 11938: 11926: 11920: 11899: 11893: 11872: 11866: 11858:Google Books 11856:– via 11842: 11835: 11807:, p. 97 11801:Orlow (2000) 11796: 11784: 11775:the original 11770: 11760: 11737: 11731: 11700: 11694: 11687:Meyer (2013) 11682: 11651: 11645: 11638:Meyer (2013) 11614: 11602:. Retrieved 11598: 11589: 11581: 11559: 11553: 11539: 11527:. Retrieved 11523:the original 11518: 11509: 11497:. Retrieved 11491: 11478: 11466:. Retrieved 11462: 11452: 11430:Counterpoint 11424: 11414: 11406: 11402: 11371: 11365: 11360:, p. 8. 11358:Busky (2000) 11345:, p. 7. 11338: 11328:17 September 11326:. 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After the 5301:Labour Party 5285: 5271: 5263: 5253: 5244:Labour Party 5185:demonisation 5181:Eleanor Marx 5177:Clara Zetkin 5168: 5165:August Bebel 5158: 5136: 5131:Clara Zetkin 5029: 5011: 4984:Luxemburgism 4940: 4926: 4921: 4916:Gaston Leval 4913: 4876:wage slavery 4864:anti-statist 4845: 4841:libertarian. 4840: 4826: 4820: 4796: 4776:united front 4738:bureaucratic 4735: 4683: 4648: 4605:R. H. Tawney 4566: 4515: 4511: 4506:R. H. Tawney 4481: 4477:Sheri Berman 4473: 4438: 4419:Jerry Mander 4401: 4395: 4390: 4383: 4373: 4368: 4341: 4339: 4300: 4284:gift economy 4245:hierarchical 4234: 4213: 4205: 4203: 4191:distribution 4177: 4175: 4165: 4161: 4155: 4146:Union Square 4110:corporatised 4098: 4071: 4006: 3973:and others. 3960: 3948: 3937: 3886: 3874: 3832: 3817: 3770: 3716: 3687: 3683: 3638: 3633:Eastern Bloc 3617: 3605: 3589:Leon Trotsky 3562: 3558: 3550:cooperatives 3502: 3490:Mancur Olson 3478:neoclassical 3459: 3453:, interest, 3447:law of value 3436: 3432: 3402: 3397: 3352:of advanced 3330:intellectual 3323: 3292: 3284:Diego Rivera 3280:Andre Breton 3273: 3267: 3265: 3261:Diego Rivera 3240: 3230: 3223:exploitation 3213: 3205: 3198: 3195: 3191: 3126: 3120: 3103: 3097: 3080: 3077: 3055: 3040: 3020: 2989: 2965: 2958: 2951: 2940:Anti-statism 2917: 2902: 2895: 2882:emancipation 2878:wage slavery 2875: 2837: 2829: 2828:—Karl Marx, 2826: 2821: 2775: 2753: 2743: 2731: 2712: 2700: 2647: 2606: 2600: 2545: 2498: 2476:in Ecuador, 2455: 2331:cooperatives 2305: 2268:World War II 2244:Soviet Union 2241: 2191: 2181: 2139: 2123: 2109: 2105: 2094: 2084: 2067: 2047: 2035: 2031: 2015: 2007: 2003: 2002:in place of 1999: 1983: 1977: 1973: 1969:collectivist 1967: 1961: 1957:co-operative 1955: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1939: 1926: 1923:cooperatives 1877: 1875: 1869:pamphlet by 1845: 1808:Soviet Union 1805: 1761: 1737:Keynesianism 1670: 1593: 1592: 499:Evolutionary 419:21st-century 213:Freed market 83: 68: 46: 37:This is the 31: 27446:Definitions 27229:Open Balkan 27047:integration 26977:Rule of law 26972:Natural law 26949:Agnosticism 26927:Hellenistic 26905:Anglo-Saxon 26835:Catholicism 26774:Atlanticism 26679:Rationalism 26485:Immigration 26468:Esotericism 26326:World War I 26291:Romanticism 26271:Reformation 26251:Renaissance 26229:Middle Ages 26194:Christendom 26123:Foundations 25926:Phraseology 25871:Prohibition 25859:Linguistics 25844:Drug policy 25837:1989 census 25758:Cybernetics 25660:Agriculture 25573:Great Purge 25535:Soviet Navy 25527:Soviet Army 25399:(1989–1991) 25393:(1938–1991) 25387:(1922–1936) 25371:Secretariat 25242:Gun control 25149:Caspian Sea 25133:Closed city 25062:Dissolution 25047:Perestroika 24989:Great Purge 24744:Short-lived 24601:Short-lived 24570:South Yemen 24555:North Korea 24515:Afghanistan 24232:New Zealand 24227:Netherlands 23826:(1835–1840) 23706:(c. 350 BC) 23696:(c. 375 BC) 23313:Tocqueville 23278:Saint-Simon 23243:Montesquieu 23094:Bolingbroke 23026:Machiavelli 22906:Ibn Khaldun 22871:Alpharabius 22864:Middle Ages 22689:Natural law 22664:Common good 22589:Nationalism 22549:Imperialism 22519:Corporatism 22494:Colonialism 22474:Agrarianism 22453:Technocracy 22433:Meritocracy 22413:Bureaucracy 22403:Aristocracy 22156:Regionalism 22101:Imperialism 22064:Culturalism 22059:Colonialism 21989:Nationalism 21910:Familialism 21888:Corporatism 21858:Communalism 21838:Agrarianism 21815:Reactionary 21783:Centre-left 21694:Syndicalism 21614:Communalism 21479:Corporatism 21455:Rule of law 21402:Consumerism 21392:Advertising 21291:Libertarian 21269:Free-market 21239:Anglo-Saxon 21219:Wage labour 21169:Meritocracy 21119:Externality 21074:Competition 20965:Switzerland 20950:Netherlands 20823:Vietnam War 20813:World War I 20684:Human Be-In 20421:World peace 20386:Nonviolence 20351:Finvenkismo 20331:Appeasement 20245:Peaceworker 19886:Evo Morales 19876:Kim Jong Un 19856:Hugo Chávez 19827:Howard Zinn 19817:Cornel West 19812:H. G. Wells 19782:Sun Yat-sen 19612:Jack Layton 19587:Kim Il Sung 19582:Kim Jong-il 19537:Maxim Gorky 19487:Marcel Déat 19402:Jiang Zemin 19343:Oscar Wilde 19283:George Sand 19238:Robert Owen 19163:Jean Jaurès 19053:Louis Blanc 18960:Thomas More 18922:Technocracy 18796:Trade union 18766:Revisionism 18716:Land reform 18587:Third World 18514:Nationalist 18301:Brezhnevism 18274:Nechayevism 18216:Mao-Spontex 18182:Syndicalist 18172:Communalism 18167:Platformism 18120:Free-market 18091:Libertarian 18077:Technocracy 18027:Nationalist 18005:Syndicalism 17795:"Socialism" 17667:Verso Books 17570:"Socialism" 17550:. Vintage. 17488:Leo Panitch 17269:. Meuthen. 17177:"Socialism" 16641:. pp. 16275:19 February 15958:(1): 1–17. 15710:Clem Attlee 15343:Peter, Self 15256:Pluto Press 15052:inews.co.uk 14596:John Zerzan 14590:John Zerzan 14504:Wall, Derek 14424:Kovel, Joel 14117:Basic Books 14032:25 November 13708:21 November 13615:. pp. 13598:"Socialism" 13428:22 November 13150:. p. 1007. 13043:(in French) 12948:17 December 12195:30 November 11940:capitalism. 11432:. pp. 10779:"Anarchism" 10438:18 November 10263:China Daily 9952:. pp. 9631:alienation. 9512:Nove (1991) 9310:30 November 9240:(1): 30–65. 9207:Description 9076:"Socialism" 8756:26 December 8721:26 December 8691:26 December 8531:15 December 8317:"Socialism" 8167:23 February 8137:23 February 8046:30 November 7464:, IV.7.21. 7450:conditions. 7241:"Socialism" 7128:"Socialism" 6844:"socialism" 6646:. Radford: 6618:Lamb (2015) 6359:Kotz (2006) 6355:Nove (1991) 6244:"Socialism" 6162:, pp. 6047:"Socialism" 5936:Brus (2015) 5904:, pp. 5774:colonialism 5730:argue that 5586:millennials 5567:electricity 5546:along with 5469:Syndicalism 5463:Syndicalism 5406:as well as 5361:imperialism 5278:egalitarian 5268:Oscar Wilde 5264:androgénité 5256:LGBT rights 5189:proletariat 4972:Communalism 4929:libertarian 4918:explained: 4872:wage labour 4868:libertarian 4822:libertarian 4745:alternative 4695:to run the 4675:vanguardism 4463:or a fully 4441:progressive 4303:libertarian 4136:Trade union 4089:free market 4032:Léon Walras 3987:Swan Hunter 3870:Sam Dolgoff 3785:cybernetics 3777:cooperative 3569:Robert Owen 3494:John Roemer 3482:Lange model 3470:libertarian 3338:anti-racism 3317:along with 3219:bourgeoisie 3031:Robert Owen 2909:proletariat 2683:during the 2669:natural law 2665:materialism 2663:, forms of 2661:romanticism 2657:rationalism 2574:, Greece's 2509:progressive 2490:Hugo Chávez 2308:Vietnam War 2237:Robert Owen 2166:proletariat 2162:bourgeoisie 2120:Fourierists 2062:, although 1992:consumption 1919:Robert Owen 1727:to promote 1713:nationalist 1654:cooperative 1530:WikiProject 1408:French Left 1200:Spiridonova 1099:Politicians 1012:Castoriadis 692:Saint-Simon 644:Third World 639:Syndicalism 574:Nationalist 549:Libertarian 514:Free-market 377:Lange model 365:Soviet-type 335:Communalism 307:Vanguardism 263:Spontaneism 173:Cooperative 119:Development 18:Sozialismus 27561:Categories 27480:Quotations 27249:Rio Treaty 26760:Relativism 26718:Liberalism 26684:Empiricism 26636:Philosophy 26624:Secularism 26575:Philosophy 26512:Literature 26306:Capitalism 25966:Opposition 25956:Television 25936:Propaganda 25909:Literature 25783:Naukograds 25778:Sharashkas 25712:(currency) 25690:Inventions 25633:Censorship 25563:Red Terror 25247:Government 25121:Autonomous 25104:Autonomous 25037:Stagnation 25000:Evacuation 24856:Tarnobrzeg 24781:Bessarabia 24735:Yugoslavia 24458:Seychelles 24453:Mozambique 24448:Madagascar 24371:Vietnamese 24366:Venezuelan 24356:Nicaraguan 24351:Melanesian 24268:Venezuela 24180:Kuomintang 24173:since 1978 24143:Bangladesh 24119:By country 24113:by country 24034:Separatism 23842:On Liberty 23742:The Prince 23471:Huntington 22974:Campanella 22901:al-Ghazali 22850:Thucydides 22808:Lactantius 22753:Statolatry 22579:Monarchism 22559:Liberalism 22484:Capitalism 22467:Ideologies 22448:Plutocracy 22396:Government 22352:Revolution 22337:Propaganda 22287:Legitimacy 22262:Government 22171:Syncretism 22161:Separatism 22121:Militarism 22091:Federalism 21977:Monarchism 21957:Liberalism 21848:Capitalism 21798:Right-wing 21583:Antithesis 21514:Prosperity 21489:Employment 21436:Mainstream 21427:Liberalism 21351:Regulatory 21326:Neoliberal 21274:Humanistic 21259:Democratic 21214:Regulation 21079:Depression 21035:Capitalism 20930:Costa Rica 20716:Peace walk 20528:Peace News 20406:Satyagraha 20391:Pacificism 20381:Nonkilling 20295:Anarchism 20284:Ideologies 20200:Peace camp 19993:Categories 19896:Xi Jinping 19832:J. Posadas 19502:John Dewey 19492:Guy Debord 19412:Jyoti Basu 19293:Eugène Sue 18607:and issues 18605:Key topics 18582:Sri Lankan 18555:Melanesian 18550:Indonesian 18499:Bolivarian 18421:Lassallism 18409:Tkachevism 18286:Bolshevism 18260:from above 18245:Third camp 18221:Trotskyism 18096:from below 18062:Icarianism 18057:Fourierism 18042:Scientific 17975:Democratic 17950:Schools of 17758:1904519024 17737:0813341043 17699:069101132X 17650:1565844866 17631:0312005245 17557:0375704477 17500:0813398215 17482:0415919673 17419:1893554457 17325:1583671455 17252:0333553373 17241:. London: 16961:140390264X 16799:8 February 16788:Al Jazeera 16515:23 January 16225:15 October 16000:. p. 15686:Commentary 15470:22 October 15417:22 October 15276:30 October 15186:2 February 14808:1853812005 14780:1141422712 14620:11 October 14481:0140221166 14464:Marx, Karl 14401:1572301198 14332:SUNY Press 14050:Romantisme 13990:1902593960 13611:. Oxford: 13351:(2): 305. 13156:1412988764 13071:0304338737 13007:29 January 12303:20 January 12264:. Totowa: 12224:20 January 11972:0748615601 11885:1029276342 11621:, p. 11604:12 October 11562:: 106026. 11025:. Fifield. 11010:Le Radical 10986:0415933447 10923:report of 10109:0618261818 9772:30 October 9691:30 October 9656:11 October 9514:, p. 9352:30 October 9260:. Oxford: 8621:9 December 8591:Marx, Karl 8384:0618261818 8354:Marx, Karl 8331:14 October 8325:Britannica 8225:30 October 8060:Bhargava. 7251:. p. 7138:. p. 7049:1289795802 6960:etymonline 6657:1933567015 6240:Nove, Alec 6120:. p. 6056:27 January 6017:. p. 5952:. p. 5869:References 5843:(category) 5740:capitalism 5556:capitalist 5489:De Leonism 5473:See also: 5151:oppression 5143:liberation 5095:See also: 5033:is a more 4996:Fourierism 4968:autonomism 4897:confederal 4742:democratic 4727:Bellamyism 4721:despotic ' 4685:Hal Draper 4629:Trotskyism 4577:John Dewey 4550:capitalism 4424:neoliberal 4410:gradualist 4398:Tony Blair 4264:Mutualists 4126:See also: 4036:Yugoslavia 3916:See also: 3813:Pat Devine 3732:alienation 3390:See also: 3232:Proletkult 3214:status quo 3197:—Trotsky, 3170:Surrealism 3152:See also: 3138:André Gorz 3110:gradualist 3098:Revolution 3081:revolution 3043:Hutterites 2968:reformists 2938:See also: 2735:use-values 2681:positivism 2566:, and the 2543:measures. 2513:democratic 2369:See also: 2124:communists 2074:—positive 2052:Bolshevism 2024:capitalism 1988:production 1948:replacing 1832:neoliberal 1753:regulation 1673:non-market 1650:collective 1501:Socialists 1496:By country 1378:Capitalism 1260:Mitterrand 1225:Gerhardsen 1170:Liebknecht 1155:Markievicz 1082:Varoufakis 1032:Fotopoulos 702:Saint-Just 697:Buonarroti 682:Campanella 619:Scientific 554:Marhaenism 509:Fourierism 494:Ecological 474:Democratic 27567:Socialism 27531:Resources 27514:Textbooks 27424:Socialism 27416:Economics 27368:Anarchism 27344:Communism 27332:Socialism 27194:Five Eyes 27189:EU–UK TCA 27031:Democracy 26920:Old Norse 26809:Abrahamic 26766:Peritrope 26748:Tolerance 26728:Socialism 26558:Mythology 26546:Classical 26495:Languages 26473:Astrology 26321:Modernism 26135:Old World 26027:Republics 26015:Republics 26003:Republics 25854:Languages 25718:Transport 25600:Holodomor 25493:Militsiya 25431:President 25323:Stalinism 25225:Elections 25099:Republics 25082:Geography 25072:Nostalgia 24984:Stalinism 24814:1939–1940 24769:1918–1919 24538:1982–1992 24533:1979–1992 24528:1975–1979 24524:Cambodia 24499:Nicaragua 24431:1987–1991 24426:1974–1987 24422:Ethiopia 24361:Tanzanian 24242:Sri Lanka 24185:Hong Kong 24168:Communist 24131:Australia 24126:Argentina 24111:Socialism 23752:Leviathan 23732:Monarchia 23726:(c. 1274) 23561:Oakeshott 23506:Mansfield 23501:Luxemburg 23486:Kropotkin 23381:Bernstein 23334:centuries 23248:Nietzsche 23191:Jefferson 23119:Condorcet 23067:centuries 23046:Pufendorf 22911:Marsilius 22798:Confucius 22783:Aristotle 22776:Antiquity 22704:Noble lie 22624:Third Way 22619:Socialism 22544:Feudalism 22499:Communism 22479:Anarchism 22458:Theocracy 22443:Oligarchy 22423:Democracy 22408:Autocracy 22322:Pluralism 22307:Obedience 22272:Hierarchy 22232:Authority 22151:Reformism 22136:Pluralism 22096:Globalism 22086:Extremism 22021:Third Way 22016:Socialism 21999:Classical 21972:Masculism 21863:Communism 21843:Anarchism 21803:Far-right 21778:Left-wing 21689:Socialism 21664:Mutualism 21619:Communism 21589:Anarchism 21538:Criticism 21519:Syndicate 21254:Corporate 21209:Recession 21184:Oligopoly 21149:Invention 20918:Countries 20899:Landmines 20887:in Russia 20845:Criticism 20654:Desertion 20140:Code Pink 19944:Communism 19939:Anarchism 19866:Hu Jintao 19687:Imre Nagy 19472:M. N. Roy 19432:Léon Blum 19427:Tony Benn 19362:Tariq Ali 19218:Karl Marx 18822:Adhocracy 18761:Reformism 18649:Democracy 18519:Chiangist 18509:Communist 18456:communism 18451:anarchism 18446:Christian 18433:Religious 18390:Stalinism 18316:Guevarism 18306:Castroism 18281:Blanquism 18157:Mutualism 18115:Communist 18105:Anarchism 18032:Reformist 18000:Labourism 17970:Communist 17928:Socialism 17810:from the 17785:Socialism 17774:Socialism 17243:Macmillan 17104:Socialism 16946:(2003) . 16697:Routledge 16639:MIT Press 16460:Routledge 16424:843638352 16210:Routledge 16167:Dissident 15980:233745505 15972:1045-5752 15883:Routledge 15660:Routledge 15576:154502214 15460:0099-9660 14967:(33): 10. 14897:964049036 14857:951936453 14839:Zed Books 14817:728578769 14526:776590485 14450:960164995 14432:Zed Books 14410:468837567 14298:Kovel, J. 14168:897581763 14150:Routledge 14086:(1967) . 14070:0048-8593 13999:884001264 13957:835894204 13780:216113584 13772:0091-8369 13679:161942887 13453:Routledge 13365:145150666 13280:authority 12984:See also 12493:0039-3797 12018:252535635 11981:899035345 11935:878037469 11912:300363066 11904:Routledge 11723:948604973 11705:Routledge 11674:827894277 11578:252315733 11394:762965992 11166:144916176 10964:182529204 10793:29 August 10658:Routledge 10611:Anarchism 10593:Routledge 9997:12 August 9616:Routledge 9330:ignored ( 9320:cite book 9141:Routledge 8890:207809829 8882:1573-0948 8200:1327-7723 8111:18 August 7951:254614532 7781:0261-3077 7750:2 January 7745:0013-0613 7664:2 January 7659:0261-3077 7363:(2002) . 6906:0028-792X 6795:Li (2015) 6718:(1998) . 6614:long-term 6542:Routledge 6442:Routledge 6423:153267388 6407:0891-1916 6393:: 20–40. 6182:Routledge 6164:1515–1516 6118:MIT Press 5601:Criticism 5563:utilities 5558:problem. 5369:Karl Marx 5309:Harry Hay 5204:. In the 5035:spiritual 4964:mutualism 4944:anarchism 4933:voluntary 4731:Stalinism 4723:new class 4709:Karl Marx 4621:Blanquism 4406:reformist 4256:authority 4231:Anarchism 4225:Anarchism 4166:Socialist 4162:socialist 4073:Mutualism 4066:mutualism 3918:Dirigisme 3900:Mondragon 3862:Catalonia 3838:anarchism 3645:Stalinism 3565:Karl Marx 3474:mutualism 3439:classical 3380:Economics 3237:education 3212:cultural 3121:reformism 3090:Leninists 3070:Reformism 3035:Karl Marx 2996:feudalism 2898:communism 2862:Karl Marx 2839:Karl Marx 2580:Die Linke 2541:austerity 2482:Peru Wins 2466:Pink tide 2422:red flags 2339:communism 2198:Karl Marx 2106:socialist 2095:communism 2048:communism 2036:socialism 2032:communism 2016:socialism 2008:socialism 2004:communism 2000:socialism 1998:employed 1984:socialism 1979:communism 1974:communism 1963:mutualist 1946:socialist 1942:socialism 1927:Socialism 1878:socialism 1842:Etymology 1836:Third Way 1788:communism 1772:Karl Marx 1735:based on 1666:left wing 1646:community 1638:movements 1630:political 1594:Socialism 1373:Anarchism 1295:Gorbachev 1145:Malatesta 1140:Bernstein 917:Pankhurst 897:Pannekoek 887:Luxemburg 842:Plekhanov 817:Carpenter 812:Kropotkin 609:Ricardian 599:Religious 594:Reformism 579:Nkrumaism 569:Municipal 469:Communism 464:Christian 449:Blanquism 439:Anarchism 382:Mutualism 84:Socialism 27404:Politics 27254:Schengen 27184:Eurozone 27024:Property 27019:Religion 26910:Frankish 26900:Germanic 26880:Paganism 26801:Religion 26789:European 26701:Humanism 26604:Religion 26563:Painting 26529:Internet 26480:Folklore 26451:Clothing 26422:Calendar 26398:Cyrillic 26383:Alphabet 26346:Cold War 26070:Category 25623:Religion 25510:Chairmen 25356:Congress 25318:Leninism 25298:Propiska 25193:Politics 25052:Glasnost 25012:Cold War 24952:February 24866:Würzburg 24841:Naissaar 24805:Finland 24765:Bavaria 24703:Slovakia 24688:Bulgaria 24618:Far East 24565:Mongolia 24477:Americas 24341:European 24272:Chavismo 24237:Pakistan 24007:Centrism 23702:Politics 23692:Republic 23661:Voegelin 23641:Spengler 23626:Shariati 23601:Rothbard 23556:Nussbaum 23456:Habermas 23431:Fukuyama 23421:Foucault 23346:Ambedkar 23323:Voltaire 23293:de Staël 23268:Rousseau 23149:Franklin 23124:Constant 23084:Beccaria 22916:Muhammad 22896:Gelasius 22881:Averroes 22855:Xenophon 22835:Polybius 22788:Chanakya 22633:Concepts 22599:Populism 22569:Localism 22554:Islamism 22539:Feminism 22438:Monarchy 22342:Property 22332:Progress 22297:Monopoly 22267:Hegemony 22141:Populism 22131:Pacifism 22126:Nihilism 22116:Localism 22035:See also 21982:Royalism 21952:Islamism 21947:Hindutva 21932:Feminism 21788:Centrism 21773:Far-left 21763:Moderate 21758:Hardline 21316:National 21311:Monopoly 21264:Dirigist 21233:Ideology 20993:Category 20850:Protests 20840:Iraq War 20743:Teach-in 20396:Pacifism 20097:Anti-war 19964:Old Left 19959:New Left 19932:See also 19861:Bob Crow 19387:Aung San 18815:Concepts 18592:Yugoslav 18528:European 18441:Buddhist 18404:National 18343:Kadarism 18331:Husakism 18326:Hoxhaism 18311:Ceaușism 18291:Leninism 18269:Barracks 18238:Orthodox 18231:Posadism 18226:Pabloism 18152:Magonism 17985:Feminist 17965:Agrarian 17879:(1922). 17842:(1905). 17722:(2003). 17710:(1889). 17568:(2008). 17546:(2000). 17518:(2021). 17463:44945095 17406:(2002). 17301:38012882 17287:(1938). 17263:(1983). 17175:(2008). 17122:(2011). 17112:76154260 17102:(1972). 17074:(2018). 17064:64011312 16989:(2014). 16920:(2009). 16902:(1902). 16856:(1962). 16846:20456552 16758:(1999). 16740:(1918). 16671:20 April 16574:1 August 16568:Archived 16527:(2002). 16297:20 April 16196:(2000). 16184:(1982). 16172:17 April 16161:(1991). 16056:(2017). 16038:. Sage. 16034:(2004). 16020:94030758 15990:(1995). 15939:20 April 15933:POLITICO 15903:(2000). 15877:(2015). 15799:(2020). 15743:(1998). 15708:(2007). 15516:(2007). 15353:(eds.). 15250:(2002). 14998:Truthout 14946:(1974). 14873:(2013). 14833:(2017). 14760:(2020). 14650:10 March 14581:20 April 14506:(2010). 14490:24235898 14466:(1981). 14426:(2013). 14324:(1992). 14304:(2001). 14302:Löwy, M. 14282:27 March 14251:Archived 14233:10 March 14144:(2013). 13981:AK Press 13973:(2005). 13939:AK Press 13915:20 April 13888:20 April 13861:20 April 13834:20 April 13733:20 April 13702:dawn.com 13632:8 August 13595:(2000). 13307:AK Press 13233:Archived 13206:Archived 13172:Archived 13133:. p. 739 13131:AK Press 13060:(1997). 12996:Truthout 12935:42809979 12501:20100543 12152:Archived 12149:Marx.org 12141:Archived 12090:(1917). 12072:25 April 12042:25 April 11548:(2023). 11529:20 April 11499:20 April 11468:20 April 11422:(2012). 11140:Marxists 11002:Archived 10946:AK Press 10771:14 April 10748:Archived 10459:BBC News 10207:29 April 10079:28 April 10061:(1947). 10043:28 April 9942:(2012). 9744:(1991). 9551:Trotsky. 9531:(1972). 9427:(1936). 9254:(2023). 8338:society. 7943:36510013 7877:32561753 7831:(2020). 7709:BBC News 7496:(2000). 7424:2 August 7329:(1976). 7111:(1972). 6987:(2005). 6517:(1883). 6415:40470892 6242:(2008). 5862:Zenitism 5784:See also 5661:Austrian 5548:railways 5415:naturist 5336:took an 5299:and the 5242:and the 5163:(1884). 5147:cultural 5139:feminism 5047:equality 5043:Muhammad 4858:, is an 4780:cultural 4687:defined 4625:Leninism 4294:and the 4216:(1996), 4208:(1975), 4195:exchange 4122:Politics 3781:usufruct 3334:New Left 3166:New Left 3094:vanguard 3000:property 2624:degrowth 2428:, China. 2355:feminism 2312:New Left 2246:and the 2116:Owenites 2104:, hence 2076:humanism 2056:Leninism 1996:Marxists 1888:Le Globe 1855:societas 1793:feminism 1755:, and a 1721:economic 1695:system. 1691:and the 1658:employee 1626:economic 1606:economic 1598:economic 1491:Category 1230:Erlander 1190:Kerensky 1160:Connolly 1017:Thompson 1002:Bookchin 992:Montseny 942:Vanzetti 907:Einstein 877:Landauer 782:Saltykov 777:Lassalle 737:Proudhon 519:Gandhian 504:Feminist 454:Buddhist 434:Agrarian 412:Variants 76:a series 74:Part of 43:reviewed 27392:Society 27318:Portals 27099:Benelux 27004:Thought 26954:Atheism 26895:Finnish 26871:Culture 26866:Judaism 26828:Eastern 26824:Western 26819:Culture 26753:Paradox 26619:Decline 26580:Science 26456:History 26444:Studies 26427:Cuisine 26415:Periods 26375:Culture 26204:History 26170:Eastern 26165:Western 26116:culture 25991:Symbols 25904:Fashion 25886:Culture 25800:Society 25745:Science 25710:Rouble 25652:Economy 25628:Science 25438:Premier 25419:Offices 25281:Leaders 25201:General 25169:Siberia 25142:Regions 25116:Oblasts 24957:October 24934:History 24836:Ireland 24826:Galicia 24725:Romania 24683:Albania 24638:Jiangxi 24585:Vietnam 24489:Grenada 24463:Somalia 24346:Israeli 24336:Chinese 24331:Burmese 24326:British 24316:African 24288:History 24279:Vietnam 24247:Tunisia 24197:Finland 24192:Estonia 24044:Statism 23957:Elitism 23915:Related 23716:(51 BC) 23646:Strauss 23621:Scruton 23616:Schmitt 23606:Russell 23526:Michels 23521:Maurras 23516:Marcuse 23476:Kautsky 23446:Gramsci 23441:Gentile 23411:Dworkin 23401:Du Bois 23396:Dmowski 23391:Chomsky 23386:Burnham 23371:Benoist 23341:Agamben 23308:Thoreau 23298:Stirner 23288:Spencer 23233:Mazzini 23223:Maistre 23218:Madison 23213:Le Play 23144:Fourier 23109:Carlyle 23089:Bentham 23079:Bastiat 23074:Bakunin 23051:Spinoza 23041:Müntzer 23011:Leibniz 22984:Grotius 22964:Bossuet 22931:Plethon 22876:Aquinas 22845:Sun Tzu 22813:Mencius 22803:Han Fei 22574:Marxism 22534:Fascism 22367:Society 22292:Liberty 22277:Justice 22257:Freedom 22166:Statism 22026:Zionism 21967:Marxism 21915:Fascism 21810:Radical 21570:Marxism 21432:Liberty 21376:Welfare 21336:Private 21286:Liberal 21052:General 20935:Germany 20566:Symbols 20512:Museums 19777:Sukarno 19672:Mao Dun 18560:Mexican 18545:Israeli 18504:Chinese 18484:African 18463:Islamic 18358:Dengism 18067:Owenism 18052:Utopian 18022:Marxian 18012:Liberal 17980:Ethical 17952:thought 17942:Outline 17938:History 17576:(ed.). 17472:, ed., 17455:1399170 17183:(ed.). 17165:1837686 16204:(ed.). 15909:Praeger 15696:14 June 14554:3 April 14472:Penguin 13617:676–678 13276:liberty 12891:10 June 11434:213–217 10744:3930443 10466:7 April 9583:(ed.). 9568:(ed.). 9497:9 March 9442:needed. 9277:9 March 9215:preview 8664:2708729 8194:(2/3). 7921:Bibcode 7868:7305220 7847:Bibcode 7812:20 June 7786:15 June 7715:20 June 6911:26 June 6877:26 June 6319:market. 5734:of the 5690:parties 5657:Chicago 5518:A 2018 5071:mandate 4893:federal 4705:Marxist 4645:in 1920 4558:liberty 4544:of the 4270:favour 4176:In his 4150:May Day 4115:Doi Moi 3942:by the 3852:of the 3707:soviets 3585:capital 3412:", 1949 3148:Culture 2866:Marxist 2816:Marxism 2810:Marxism 2607:Jacobin 2572:Podemos 2345:across 2250:of the 2218:Marxism 2172:History 2091:atheism 1849:sociare 1616:of the 1325:Sánchez 1310:Sankara 1270:Mandela 1255:Kreisky 1245:Allende 1240:Senghor 1235:Douglas 1220:Durruti 1185:Trotsky 1077:Graeber 1057:Hampton 1027:Chomsky 972:Marcuse 957:Gramsci 947:Bordiga 937:Polanyi 892:Russell 882:Berkman 872:Goldman 862:Du Bois 832:Kautsky 827:Bellamy 792:Tolstoy 767:Wallace 752:Bakunin 742:Greeley 732:Blanqui 712:Fourier 659:Zionist 649:Utopian 589:Popular 584:Owenism 564:Marxism 544:Liberal 529:Islamic 489:Ethical 484:Digital 459:Chinese 424:African 108:Outline 103:History 27119:CANZUK 27009:Speech 26937:Slavic 26915:Gothic 26890:Celtic 26885:Baltic 26784:Values 26585:Values 26145:Greece 26010:Emblem 25998:Anthem 25946:Sports 25899:Cinema 25894:Ballet 25876:Racism 25849:Family 25339:Bodies 24927:topics 24846:Saxony 24791:Bremen 24720:Poland 24676:Europe 24643:Kuwait 24623:Fujian 24438:Guinea 24398:Angola 24391:Africa 24207:Greece 24202:France 24164:China 24160:Canada 24153:Lulism 24148:Brazil 23906:(1992) 23896:(1971) 23886:(1951) 23876:(1945) 23866:(1944) 23856:(1929) 23846:(1859) 23836:(1848) 23816:(1820) 23806:(1791) 23796:(1790) 23786:(1762) 23776:(1748) 23766:(1689) 23756:(1651) 23746:(1532) 23736:(1313) 23666:Walzer 23656:Taylor 23611:Sartre 23576:Popper 23571:Pareto 23566:Ortega 23551:Nozick 23541:Mouffe 23491:Laclau 23451:Guénon 23436:Gandhi 23376:Berlin 23366:Bauman 23361:Badiou 23351:Arendt 23318:Tucker 23208:Le Bon 23169:Herder 23159:Haller 23154:Godwin 23139:Fichte 23134:Engels 23129:Cortés 23099:Bonald 23056:Suárez 23031:Milton 23021:Luther 22994:Hobbes 22979:Filmer 22969:Calvin 22954:Boétie 22947:period 22926:Ockham 22793:Cicero 22594:Nazism 22382:Utopia 22357:Rights 22347:Regime 22317:People 22302:Nation 22004:Modern 21920:Nazism 21361:Social 21331:Nordic 21296:Market 21224:Wealth 21199:Profit 20940:Israel 20925:Canada 20664:Die-in 20614:Bed-in 20361:Hippie 20291:Ahimsa 19707:Ne Win 19642:Lu Xun 18937:People 18565:Soviet 18540:Indian 18468:Jewish 18353:Maoism 18177:Social 18017:Market 17789:Curlie 17755: 17734: 17696: 17673: 17647: 17628: 17602: 17554: 17532: 17498: 17480: 17461: 17453: 17416: 17392: 17372: 17354: 17322: 17299: 17273: 17249: 17226: 17195: 17163: 17130: 17110: 17088: 17062: 17032: 17003: 16958: 16932: 16879: 16844: 16766: 16726: 16703: 16649: 16618: 16595: 16560: 16535: 16485: 16466: 16443: 16422: 16412: 16385: 16360: 16341: 16318: 16250: 16216: 16070: 16042: 16018: 16008: 15978: 15970: 15915: 15889: 15863: 15836: 15813: 15785: 15755: 15716: 15666: 15643: 15599: 15574: 15555:Ethics 15534: 15458: 15384: 15303: 15177: 14926: 14895: 14885: 14855: 14845: 14815: 14805: 14778: 14768: 14742:11 May 14716:11 May 14524: 14514: 14488: 14478: 14448: 14438: 14408: 14398: 14369: 14338: 14195: 14166: 14156: 14123: 14068: 13997: 13987: 13955: 13945: 13805: 13778: 13770: 13677: 13671:162588 13669: 13623: 13363: 13313: 13274:) and 13154: 13068: 12933: 12862:131248 12860: 12819: 12792: 12765: 12738: 12711: 12686: 12659: 12632: 12605: 12578: 12551: 12524: 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The 5403:Walden 5365:states 5119:, and 5089:, and 5024:Turkey 4761:soviet 4631:, and 4587:, and 4426:ones. 4379:, 1966 4282:and a 4134:, and 4075:is an 4048:leader 4046:, the 3932:, and 3881:system 3744:guilds 3676:, and 3455:profit 3319:sports 3201:, 1924 3184:, and 2946:, and 2576:Syriza 2288:Labour 2220:. The 1799:, and 1693:profit 1685:crises 1683:, and 1677:market 1642:public 1634:social 1632:, and 1596:is an 1320:Marcos 1315:Chávez 1305:Corbyn 1280:Manley 1275:Dubček 1265:Nasser 1205:Makhno 1195:Attlee 1180:Martov 1165:Gandhi 1120:Babeuf 1110:Mazdak 1072:Hedges 1052:Öcalan 1037:Newton 997:Sartre 987:Guérin 982:Orwell 932:Korsch 927:Lukács 912:Keller 902:Rocker 847:Ferrer 802:Morris 797:Michel 772:Lavrov 762:Engels 747:Herzen 722:Leroux 654:Yellow 559:Market 534:Jewish 329:Models 27497:Texts 27463:Media 27274:USMCA 27129:CEFTA 27084:AUKUS 27074:ANZUS 27069:ANZUK 27014:Press 26932:Roman 26597:Sport 26541:Chant 26536:Music 26524:Media 26517:Canon 26463:Dance 26393:Latin 26388:Greek 26234:early 25941:Radio 25919:Opera 25914:Music 25817:Crime 25588:Gulag 25466:Cheka 25111:Krais 24861:Užice 24796:Bihać 24756:Banat 24628:Gilan 24575:Syria 24545:China 24520:Burma 24494:Chile 24468:Sudan 24443:Libya 24418:Egypt 24403:Benin 24222:Italy 24212:India 24055:Index 23684:Works 23671:Weber 23636:Spann 23631:Sorel 23596:Röpke 23591:Rawls 23546:Negri 23536:Mosca 23531:Mises 23496:Lenin 23466:Hoppe 23461:Hayek 23426:Fromm 23416:Evola 23406:Dugin 23303:Taine 23283:Smith 23263:Renan 23258:Paine 23179:Iqbal 23164:Hegel 23114:Comte 23104:Burke 23016:Locke 23006:James 22959:Bodin 22891:Dante 22886:Bruni 22840:Shang 22823:Plato 22377:State 22327:Power 22312:Peace 22247:Elite 22225:Terms 22079:Multi 22069:Inter 21942:Green 21366:State 21356:Rhine 21306:Mixed 20960:Sudan 20955:Spain 20945:Japan 20561:Songs 20546:Plays 20462:Films 20442:Books 20401:Peace 20260:Unity 19841:21st 19352:20th 19008:19th 18969:18th 18945:16th 18416:State 18337:Juche 18137:Green 17995:Guild 17990:Green 17572:. In 17459:S2CID 17179:. In 17161:JSTOR 16842:S2CID 16406:Wiley 16266:(PDF) 16200:. In 15976:S2CID 15572:S2CID 15520:. In 15015:(PDF) 14227:(PDF) 14216:(PDF) 14090:[ 13776:S2CID 13675:S2CID 13667:JSTOR 13601:. In 13361:S2CID 13212:. In 12942:(PDF) 12931:S2CID 12911:(PDF) 12858:JSTOR 12497:JSTOR 11574:S2CID 11162:S2CID 10432:(PDF) 10425:(PDF) 10321:(PDF) 10314:(PDF) 10037:(PDF) 10030:(PDF) 9954:13–14 9767:(PDF) 9491:(PDF) 9484:(PDF) 8886:S2CID 8660:JSTOR 7947:S2CID 7602:(PDF) 7595:(PDF) 6969:3 May 6419:S2CID 6411:JSTOR 6389:(3). 5643:L–R: 5582:Axios 5544:water 5520:IPSOS 5248:LGBTI 5039:Quran 4252:state 3842:state 3511:; or 3311:music 2954:state 2804:power 2704:mores 2533:PASOK 2152:as a 2014:that 1656:, or 1506:Songs 1480:Lists 1285:Palme 1135:Bebel 1125:Blanc 1087:Saito 1062:Žižek 1042:Wolff 977:James 962:Sacco 952:Serge 922:Volin 867:Gorky 857:Wells 852:Dewey 837:Wilde 822:Sorel 807:Jones 717:Cabet 687:Paine 634:State 624:Sewer 524:Guild 302:needs 157:Ideas 27548:Data 27234:OSCE 27214:NATO 27159:EFTA 27124:CBSS 27109:BSEC 26999:Life 26551:Folk 26432:Diet 26244:late 26239:high 26155:Rome 26114:and 26022:Flag 25980:List 25788:List 25700:OGAS 25593:List 25476:NKVD 25264:LGBT 25252:List 25218:1977 25213:1936 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