20:
895:. But during the voyage south Haro, with support from Narváez and the other pilots, declared his ship no longer under Martínez's command. They sailed back to San Blas on their own, arriving on October 22, 1788. Martínez spent a month in Monterey waiting for Haro. He arrived at San Blas in December, where he found himself faced with charges of irresponsible leadership. He soon regained favor and was placed in charge of a new expedition to occupy Nootka Sound before the Russians did. This expedition took place in 1789, culminating in the
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ended the war between Spain and
Britain. During the war, Spain dedicated the port of San Blas to the war effort in the Philippines. Voyages of exploration were suspended. Support of Alta California, which depended upon San Blas, was minimal. By 1786 Alta California had become nearly self-supporting
788:
Throughout the voyage, the crews of both vessels endured many hardships, including food shortages and scurvy. On
September 8, the ships rejoined and headed south for the return trip to San Blas. Although the Spanish were normally secretive about their exploring voyages and the discoveries made, the
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townsite. Acts of sovereignty were performed at both places. Fidalgo entered Cook Inlet and found the
Russian post-Pavlovskaia, the Pavel Lebedev-Lastochkin Company post at the mouth of the Kenai River. Fidalgo did not stop at the post but continued west to Kodiak Island, where he noted Shelikov's
890:
The
Spanish expedition left Unalaska on August 18, 1788, heading south for California and Mexico. Due to increasing conflict between Martínez and Haro, the ships broke off contact within three days sailed south separately. Martínez had allowed this but ordered Haro to rejoin him at
945:
The Nootka Crisis became a major international incident nearly leading to war between Spain and
Britain. As the process unfolded, the Viceroy of New Spain decided it was important to establish a permanent base at Nootka Sound. Three ships sailed to Nootka Sound, with
744:
was second officer
Francisco Antonio Mourelle, surgeon Mariano Nunez Esquivel, pilot Jose Canizares, and second pilot Juan Bautista Aguirre. The expedition's objective was to evaluate the Russian penetration of Alaska, search for a Northwest Passage, and capture
883:. He also confirmed that the Russians planned to take possession of Nootka Sound the next year. Zaikov explained that two Russian frigates were already on their way and a third was to sail to Nootka Sound. He was referring to the 1789 expedition of
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and many straits and inlets. Having limited time he had to return to Nootka without fully exploring the promising straits and inlets. Contrary winds made it impossible to sail the small vessel to Nootka, so
Quimper went south to San Blas instead.
1182:. An account of the voyage of Galiano and Valdés, in contrast, was published in Spain and widely promoted, overshadowing the more significant voyage of Malaspina, who had become a political prisoner shortly after returning to Spain.
852:, then returned him to his outpost. Delarov gave Narváez a Russian map of the Alaskan coast and indicated the locations of seven Russian posts containing nearly 500 men. Delarov also told Narváez that the Russians intended to occupy
749:
if they found him in
Spanish waters. Spain had learned about Cook's 1778 explorations along the coast of the Pacific Northwest. In June 1779, during the expedition of Arteaga and Bodega y Quadra, Spain entered the
785:, where a possession ceremony was performed on August 2, in what today is called Port Chatham. Due to various sicknesses among the crew, Arteaga returned to California without finding the Russians.
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The only
Spanish official expedition to Nootka Sound after the conventions with Britain and before the treaty with the United States took place in 1796, when one of the ships from San Blas, the
1142:. Spanish scholars made a study of the tribe, recording information on social mores, language, economy, warfare methods, and burial practices. Artists with the expedition, Tomas de Suria and
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382:
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690:" were performed. Many places were named by the Spanish, including Puerto de Bucareli (Bucareli Bay), Puerto de Los Remedios, and Mount San Jacinto, which was renamed
1134:, British, or Russian settlements along the northwest coast. Arriving in Alaska in 1791, Malaspina and Bustamante surveyed the coast to the Prince William Sound. At
937:). Narváez found the Strait of Juan de Fuca to be a large inlet with much promise for further exploration. By the end of the year, Martínez abandoned Nootka Sound.
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73:
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After these three exploration voyages to Alaska within five years, there were no further
Spanish expeditions to the Pacific Northwest until 1788, after the
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was second officer Fernando Quiros y Miranda, surgeon Juan Garcia, pilot Jose Camacho, and second pilot Juan Pantoja y Arriaga. With Bodega y Quadra on the
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between 1774 and 1793 to strengthen the Spanish claims. These efforts would eventually come to naught when Spanish claims in the region were ceded to the
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844:. Narváez found the post, becoming the first Spaniard to make contact with a large contingent of Russians in Alaska. Narváez took the Russian commander,
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887:, but greatly exaggerating its mission. The visit to Unalaska marks the westernmost point reached during the Spanish voyages of exploration in Alaska.
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427:. Spain only started to colonize the claimed territory north of present-day Mexico in the 18th century, when it settled the northern coast of
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1205:. By 1792 much of the coast had already been visited by European explorers, but some areas had been overlooked, such as the southern part of
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was unable to approach on its previous voyage; in this way, the expedition could officially reassert Spanish claims to the lands north of
576:, also sailing with the expedition, after its initial commander, Miguel Manrique, took ill soon after leaving San Blas. Heceta then gave
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1197:, sailed to Bucareli Bay in 1792. Juan Pantoja y Arriaga served as his pilot. Caamaño conducted a detailed survey of the coast south to
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caused Spain to decrease its presence in the North Pacific. It later transferred its claims in the region to the United States in the
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obtained a copy of their map published in 1798. Mourelle's journal was acquired and published in London in 1798 by Daines Barrington.
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1021:
on the Kenai Peninsula, where again, Fidalgo asserted the Spanish claim to the area by conducting a formal ceremony of sovereignty.
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on March 16, 1775 with orders to make clear Spanish claims for the entire Northwestern Pacific Coast. Accompanying Heceta was the
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was ordered to continue the exploration of the Strait of Juan de Fuca. The voyage consisted of two vessels. Eliza sailed on the
992:. After getting settled, Eliza dispatched Fidalgo and Quimper on exploration voyages. Fidalgo was sent north and Quimper south.
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and told him about the discovery of the Strait of Georgia. This meeting led directly to the 1792 voyage of Galiano and Valdés.
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and its crew complement of 16 were to perform coastal reconnaissance and mapping, and could make landfall in places the larger
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27:, c. 1785. Bodega made several expeditions to the Pacific Northwest to chart the region and settle boundary disputes with the
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and reached a latitude of 61°, the most northern point obtained by the Spanish explorations of Alaska. They also explored
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In 1957, the Spanish government presented stained glass windows commemorating the Nootka conventions to the church of
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Following up on the 1788 voyage to Alaska, Martínez and Haro were ordered to preemptively take possession of
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No report on Caamaño's voyage was published until long after and his discoveries remained obscure, although
1045:, following up on a voyage of Narváez the previous year. Quimper sailed to the eastern end of the Strait of
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in May. Following evidence of Russian fur trading activity, the ships sailed west. In June Haro reached
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Starting in the mid-18th century, Spain's claims in the Pacific Northwest began to be contested by the
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to Alaska, visiting and naming Cordova Bay and Port Valdez in Prince William Sound. He named current
765:
During the voyage, Arteaga and Bodega y Quadra carefully surveyed Bucareli Bay, then headed north to
640:. The vessels parted company on the evening of July 29, 1775. Scurvy had so weakened the crew of the
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Today, Spain's legacy in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest endures as several place names, such as
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762:. Arteaga and Bodega y Quadra did not find Cook, who had been killed in Hawaii in February 1779.
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879:. Martínez arrived on July 29, Haro on August 4. Zaikov gave Martínez three maps covering the
675:. During the return voyage south Bodega y Quadra discovered, named, and explored a portion of
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that Heceta decided to return to San Blas. On the way south he discovered the mouth of the
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was discovered, and Narváez conducted a quick exploration of most of it. Eliza sailed the
1013:
post. Fidalgo then went to the Russian settlement at Alexandrovsk (today's English Bay or
8:
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De San Blas Hasta la Alta California: Los Viajes y Diarios de Juan Joseph Pérez Hernández
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In March 1788, two ships were sent north from San Blas to investigate Russian activity.
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served as Bodega y Quadra's pilot and the two forged a strong and enduring friendship.
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In 1793, Francisco de Eliza and Juan Martínez y Zayas surveyed the coast between the
1228:
apparently met Caamaño and obtained copies of his maps, especially of areas north of
1150:, between Yakutat Bay and Icy Bay was subsequently named after Alessandro Malaspina.
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1209:. A number of Caamaño's place names in the area have survived, such as Cordova Bay,
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3983:
3948:
3928:
3687:
3564:
3463:
3367:
2829:
2669:
1967:"Lieutenant Governor visits Yuquot with surprise artifact | Ha-Shilth-Sa Newspaper"
1434:
1326:
1268:
After these numerous expeditions, Spain claimed the areas they explored as part of
1225:
1202:
1179:
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1014:
1001:
989:
969:
880:
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857:
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663:, moved up the coast according to the expedition's orders, ultimately reaching the
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strait while Heceta and Bodega y Quadra continued north. Ayala and the crew of the
424:
396:
325:
280:
190:
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2398:
976:. The first settlement in present-day British Columbia was built on Nootka Sound,
840:
On June 30, 1788, Haro sent Narváez in a longboat to look for the Russian post at
260:
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4873:
4497:
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Law of coartación (which allowed slaves to buy their freedom, and that of others)
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1892:
1825:
1782:
1720:
1605:
1568:
Transactions and Proceedings of the Geographical Society of the Pacific, Volume 4
1566:
1454:
1419:
1406:
1374:
1362:
1264:
Spanish territorial claims in the North West Coast of North America, 18th century
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622:
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330:
300:
185:
112:
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and peace with Britain was restored, making further voyages to Alaska possible.
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695:
656:. Juan Pérez, who was serving as Heceta's pilot, died during the voyage south.
645:
506:
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400:
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1666:
At the Far Reaches of Empire: The Life of Juan Francisco De La Bodega Y Quadra
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2356:
2165:
2004:
1497:
1479:
1449:
1382:
1378:
1358:
1338:
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1232:. Vancouver later incorporated some of Caamaño's place names into his atlas.
1131:
1112:
command of an around-the-world scientific expedition with two corvettes, the
912:
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420:
408:
117:
63:
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933:, a British vessel seized earlier by Martínez at Nootka Sound, later called
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853:
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3672:
633:: "Point of the Martyrs") by Heceta in response to an attack by the local
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2657:
2535:
2027:
Article about Spanish exploration of the Northwest Coast of North America
1370:
1350:
1346:
1146:, produced portraits of tribal members and scenes of Tlingit daily life.
1135:
766:
687:
668:
600:
566:
491:
3252:
867:. Using the information acquired from Delarov, the expedition sailed to
4126:
2860:
2140:
1298:
778:
746:
699:
494:. Pérez and his crew of 86 were the first known Europeans to visit the
415:
signed in 1494. In 1513, this claim was reinforced by Spanish explorer
346:
1721:"The Spanish Navy in the Californias during the Revolutionary War Era"
4928:
3093:
2850:
2750:
2525:
2427:
2361:
1269:
562:
490:). Although intending to reach Alaska, the expedition turned back at
451:
443:
4814:
3267:
2145:
1943:
The Scottish Martyrs: Their Trials and Transportation to Botany Bay
1564:
1293:, made a stopover at the inlet. There they found Scottish activist
723:
535:
48:
4425:
4396:
2906:
2891:
2048:
1917:"Presencia Hispánica en la Costa Oeste de Norteamérica (S XVIII)"
515:
789:
1779 voyage of Arteaga and Bodega y Quadra became widely known.
4502:
3362:
2916:
2911:
2688:
1315:
1093:
649:
459:
455:
4450:
1855:
History of Spanish exploration of Pacific Northwest and Alaska
4697:
Norwegian Scientific Expedition to Tristan Da Cunha 1937-1938
4403:
2677:
2341:
1753:. Spokane, Washington: The Arthur H. Clark Company. pp.
1178:, sailed from San Blas to Nootka Sound, then circumnavigated
1074:, with Carrasco and Verdía as pilots. During the voyage, the
837:
and learned from the natives that a Russian post was nearby.
705:
1235:
1070:, with Pantoja as his pilot (master). Narváez sailed on the
501:
2746:
2661:
1127:
863:
After this meeting Haro sailed east and joined Martínez at
407:
of North America. Spanish claims to the region date to the
2639:
1610:(in Spanish). Universidad Autónoma de México. p. 35.
1272:, calling this specific region "Territorio de Nutca". The
1260:
1122:. One of the king's orders was to investigate a possible
423:, when he claimed all lands adjoining this ocean for the
522:
In 1775 a second voyage of ninety men led by Lieutenant
2043:
University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections
817:, was in command of the expedition, accompanied by the
718:
A third voyage took place in 1779 under the command of
714:
Areas of Alaska and British Columbia Explored by Spain
2394:
Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northernmost France
1692:
Encyclopedia of Frontier Biography: In Three Volumes
1153:
940:
871:, where there was a large Russian post, also called
804:
902:
686:During Bodega y Quadra's voyage numerous "acts of
450:and his successors sent several expeditions from
5035:
4993:Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act
2938:
754:as an ally of France, precipitating a parallel
5054:History of the West Coast of the United States
4656:Timeline of maritime migration and exploration
1945:. London: Angus & Robertson. p. 124.
1694:. University of Nebraska Press. p. 1028.
1603:
829:serving as Haro's pilot. The ships arrived at
4830:
4644:Major explorations after the Age of Discovery
4466:
2583:, a northernmost portion of Brazilian Amazon)
2064:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1213:, Bocas de Quadra, and in what is now called
984:, manned by soldiers of the First Company of
376:
2258:Independence of Spanish continental Americas
1565:Geographical Society of the Pacific (1907).
1094:1789-1794 voyage of Malaspina and Bustamante
950:as the overall commander and captain of the
911:. Events at Nootka Sound in 1789 led to the
591:The three vessels sailed together as far as
5109:Spanish exploration in the Age of Discovery
5064:Pre-statehood history of Washington (state)
1867:"Spanish Place Names on the Face of Alaska"
1301:, on board the American fur trading vessel
736:under Bodega y Quadra. With Arteaga on the
621:continued sailing north together as far as
446:posts and other settlements in the region.
4837:
4823:
4651:Chronology of European exploration of Asia
4562:European maritime exploration of Australia
4545:Chronology of European exploration of Asia
4473:
4459:
2071:
2057:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1708:
1589:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1440:History of the west coast of North America
1221:(named for his second pilot, Juan Zayas).
915:. During the summer of 1789 Martínez sent
706:1779 voyage of Arteaga and Bodega y Quadra
609:became the first Europeans known to enter
383:
369:
4377:Colonial universities in Hispanic America
1990:
1814:, Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1236:1793 voyage of Eliza and Martínez y Zayas
1185:
1024:
995:
962:(the Spanish name for the British vessel
502:1775 voyage of Heceta and Bodega y Quadra
5044:Spanish history in the Pacific Northwest
4550:History of European exploration in Tibet
4382:Colonial universities in the Philippines
1914:
1848:
1746:
1669:. University of British Columbia Press.
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1276:with Britain in 1789 and the subsequent
1259:
1126:. The expedition was also to search for
709:
505:
18:
3373:Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia
1735:
1635:. Vancouver: J.J. Douglas. p. 43.
1633:First Approaches to the Northwest Coast
1630:
1138:, the expedition made contact with the
1057:
986:Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia
473:
5036:
4567:European land exploration of Australia
4326:
1823:
1777:
1723:. The California State Military Museum
1689:
1662:
1624:
1549:
1248:. They also explored the mouth of the
565:it visited. Ayala took command of the
4844:
4818:
4587:European colonization of the Americas
4454:
4325:
4221:
4220:
3344:
3222:
2937:
2796:
2764:
2701:
2638:
2553:
2476:
2416:
2330:
2319:
2091:
2090:
2052:
1940:
1683:
1649:
599:. Ayala's mission was to explore the
403:undertook several expeditions to the
5089:Spanish colonization of the Americas
2654:Captaincy General of the Philippines
2146:New Laws in favour of the indigenous
1750:José Narváez: The Forgotten Explorer
1604:Rodríguez Sala, María Luisa (2006).
1571:. San Francisco. pp. 108, 152.
1465:Spanish colonization of the Americas
25:Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra
4988:Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
4357:Indochristian painting in New Spain
2477:
1597:
13:
4677:1928 Great Barrier Reef expedition
3324:Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires
2797:
2078:
1908:
1033:, with officers López de Haro and
549:), initially under the command of
419:, the first European to sight the
14:
5125:
4702:Operation Sunshine (USS Nautilus)
2554:
2417:
2298:Independence of Equatorial Guinea
2020:
1154:1792 voyage of Galiano and Valdés
968:, captured by Martínez in 1789).
941:1790 Spanish base in Nootka Sound
758:, which continued until the 1783
4902:
4879:Department of Alaska (1867–1884)
4854:
4639:Timeline of European exploration
4409:Criollos in the colonial society
4337:Spanish missions in the Americas
3459:Charles Bonaventure de Longueval
1991:Florentín, Manuel (2020-06-14).
1527:
1509:
1491:
1473:
805:1788 voyage of Martínez and Haro
357:Spanish missions in the Americas
47:
5069:Pre-statehood history of Oregon
5059:Pre-statehood history of Alaska
4889:Territory of Alaska (1912–1959)
4480:
4436:Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649
2320:
1984:
1959:
1934:
1899:
1881:
1859:
1817:
903:1789 settlement in Nootka Sound
553:. The 36-foot (11 m) long
4884:District of Alaska (1884–1912)
2765:
2488:Captaincy General of Guatemala
2196:Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)
1832:University of Washington Press
1805:
1789:University of Washington Press
1771:
1082:back to Nootka Sound, but the
23:A portrait of Spanish captain
1:
4894:Recent history (1959–present)
4682:Austrian expedition to Brazil
4661:Timeline of space exploration
4387:General Archive of the Indies
3648:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
3319:Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
3304:Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas
2253:Third Treaty of San Ildefonso
2206:War of the Spanish Succession
2171:Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
1543:
671:near the present-day town of
478:The first voyage was that of
221:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
5104:Exploration of North America
4707:Whitney South Sea Expedition
4582:Exploration of North America
3345:
2459:Captaincy General of Yucatan
2389:Union with Holy Roman Empire
2368:Southern Italy (Kingdoms of
2283:German–Spanish Treaty (1899)
1516:Pacific Northwest portal
7:
4874:Russian America (1733–1867)
4572:Exploration of the Americas
3223:
2939:Administrative subdivisions
2136:War of the League of Cognac
2041:. 1779. 1 document. At the
2032:
1993:"Canadá con acento español"
1824:Haycox, Stephen W. (2002).
1663:Tovell, Freeman M. (2008).
1412:
1193:, commander of the frigate
1130:, precious stones, and any
1110:José de Bustamante y Guerra
667:on August 15, and entering
547:Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe
10:
5130:
5114:North American expeditions
4594:Exploration of the Pacific
4577:Settlement of the Americas
3653:Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar
3638:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
3540:Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
2702:
2438:), Western United States (
2331:
2201:Portuguese Restoration War
1827:Alaska: an American Colony
1784:Alaska: an American Colony
1097:
1000:In 1790, Spanish explorer
752:American Revolutionary War
586:Francisco Antonio Mourelle
321:Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
311:Tristán de Luna y Arellano
211:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
206:Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar
4966:Aleutian Islands campaign
4911:
4900:
4861:
4852:
4767:
4726:
4715:
4669:
4626:
4535:
4488:
4421:Slavery in Spanish Empire
4332:
4321:
4227:
4216:
4114:
4008:
4001:
3886:
3735:
3728:
3721:
3708:Pere d'Alberní i Teixidor
3618:
3487:
3449:Álvaro de Bazán the Elder
3411:
3355:
3351:
3340:
3309:Barcelona Trading Company
3276:
3233:
3229:
3218:
3122:
3074:New Andalusia (1501–1513)
3044:
2986:
2948:
2944:
2933:
2884:
2843:
2807:
2803:
2792:
2771:
2708:
2649:
2581:Venezuela, part of Guyana
2560:
2483:
2434:, Central United States (
2423:
2337:
2326:
2315:
2166:Bruneian–Spanish conflict
2151:Expulsion of the Moriscos
2097:
2086:
1255:
480:Juan José Pérez Hernández
448:King Charles III of Spain
4919:Russian-American Company
4362:Quito painting tradition
4352:Cusco painting tradition
3713:García López de Cárdenas
3703:Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera
3610:Felipe González de Ahedo
3530:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
2107:Conquest of the Americas
1924:Centro Virtual Cervantes
1915:Bartroli, Tomás (1968).
1170:Cayetano Valdés y Flores
1017:), southwest of today's
926:Santa Gertrudis la Magna
659:Bodega y Quadra, in the
231:Luis de Carvajal y Cueva
201:Bernal Díaz del Castillo
5084:Explorers of California
4951:Alaska boundary dispute
4147:Comuneros (New Granada)
3924:Balearic Islands (1558)
3643:Hernán Pérez de Quesada
3570:Ruy López de Villalobos
3525:Miguel López de Legazpi
3439:García de Toledo Osorio
2303:Western Sahara conflict
2293:Independence of Morocco
2233:Treaty of Madrid (1750)
2176:Piracy in the Caribbean
2161:French Wars of Religion
1690:Thrapp, Dan L. (1991).
1631:Pethick, Derek (1976).
1297:, then an escapee from
1160:Dionisio Alcalá Galiano
1104:The King of Spain gave
875:, under the command of
856:, on the west coast of
241:Hernán Pérez de Quesada
216:Sebastián de Belalcázar
5099:Expeditions from Spain
4956:1925 serum run to Nome
4392:Colonial Spanish Horse
4066:Colonia del Sacramento
3289:Spanish treasure fleet
2866:Royal Decree of Graces
2039:Arteaga Voyage records
1747:McDowell, Jim (1998).
1265:
1242:Strait of Juan de Fuca
1207:Prince of Wales Island
1186:1792 voyage of Caamaño
1043:Strait of Juan de Fuca
1025:1790 voyage of Quimper
996:1790 voyage of Fidalgo
921:Strait of Juan de Fuca
730:under Arteaga and the
715:
681:Prince of Wales Island
519:
236:Bartolomé de las Casas
32:
5049:Exploration of Canada
4687:Challenger expedition
4599:Polynesian navigation
3550:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
3510:Juan Sebastián Elcano
2825:Council of the Indies
2186:Spanish–Moro conflict
2156:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
2116:Treaty of Tordesillas
1941:Clune, Frank (1969).
1307:, and carried him to
1263:
1211:Revillagigedo Channel
823:Gonzalo López de Haro
811:Esteban José Martínez
713:
627:Punta de Los Martires
545:, (also known as the
509:
417:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
413:Treaty of Tordesillas
316:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
271:Pedro de Portocarrero
266:Francisco de Orellana
39:Spanish colonization
22:
5018:History of Fairbanks
5006:History of Anchorage
4978:Alaska Statehood Act
4790:Underwater explorers
4727:By country of origin
4347:Mesoamerican Codices
4071:Comuneros (Paraguay)
3909:Siege of Castelnuovo
3495:Christopher Columbus
3314:Consulate of the Sea
3294:Casa de Contratación
2885:Titles and positions
2278:Spanish–American War
2268:Liberal constitution
2111:Asia and the Pacific
1905:Tovell, 2008, p. 154
1895:on February 9, 2010.
1391:Revillagigedo Island
1100:Malaspina Expedition
1088:Alessandro Malaspina
1058:1791 voyage of Eliza
893:Monterey, California
877:Potap Kuzmich Zaikov
848:to meet Haro on the
831:Prince William Sound
775:Prince William Sound
679:on the west side of
648:between present-day
551:Juan Manuel de Ayala
474:1774 voyage of Pérez
251:Francisco de Montejo
181:Christopher Columbus
5094:Pacific expeditions
5074:Explorers of Oregon
4634:Chinese exploration
4076:Cartagena de Indias
3698:Diego de Mazariegos
3668:Pere Fages i Beleta
3535:Sebastián de Ocampo
3016:Provincias Internas
2988:Captaincies General
2902:Municipal president
2871:School of Salamanca
2642:Spanish East Indies
2621:Misiones Orientales
2493:Spanish West Indies
2457:, Central America (
2404:Pyrénées-Orientales
2357:Union with Portugal
2248:Napoleonic invasion
2228:War of Jenkins' Ear
1889:"Spanish explorers"
1106:Alejandro Malaspina
771:Hinchinbrook Island
702:three years later.
464:American government
16:Research expedition
4862:Timeline of Alaska
4372:Academia Antártica
4327:Other civil topics
3693:Pánfilo de Narváez
3595:Sebastián Vizcaíno
3560:Andrés de Urdaneta
3520:Juan Ponce de León
3505:Ferdinand Magellan
3479:Bernardo de Gálvez
3378:Indian auxiliaries
2876:Trial of residence
2856:Laws of the Indies
2640:Asia and Oceania (
2501:Dominican Republic
1779:Haycox, Stephen W.
1460:Santa Cruz de Nuca
1393:, or the towns of
1278:Nootka Conventions
1266:
1064:Francisco de Eliza
1049:, discovering the
978:Santa Cruz de Nuca
948:Francisco de Eliza
917:José María Narváez
827:José María Narváez
720:Ignacio de Arteaga
716:
665:latitude 59° north
520:
514:. Illustration by
442:, who established
409:papal bull of 1493
352:Indian auxiliaries
291:Nikolaus Federmann
256:Pánfilo de Narváez
246:Juan Ponce de León
74:Strait of Magellan
33:
5031:
5030:
4912:Topics and events
4846:History of Alaska
4812:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4448:
4447:
4444:
4443:
4317:
4316:
4222:Spanish conquests
4212:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4200:
4199:
3997:
3996:
3678:Pedro de Alvarado
3663:Gaspar de Portolà
3658:Pedro de Valdivia
3633:Francisco Pizarro
3585:Nicolás de Ovando
3580:Alonso de Ercilla
3555:Alonso de Salazar
3388:Ships of the line
3336:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3209:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2760:
2759:
2717:Northern Africa (
2713:Equatorial Guinea
2697:
2696:
2634:
2633:
2549:
2548:
2472:
2471:
2463:Spanish Caribbean
2436:Spanish Louisiana
2412:
2411:
2347:Crown of Castille
2311:
2310:
2288:Spanish Civil War
2263:Adams–Onís Treaty
2243:Nootka Convention
2191:Thirty Years' War
2181:Eighty Years' War
2102:Catholic Monarchs
2092:Timeline–immersed
1841:978-0-295-98249-6
1798:978-0-295-98249-6
1676:978-0-7748-1367-9
1617:978-970-32-3474-5
1536:
1518:
1500:
1498:Canada portal
1482:
1480:Alaska portal
1445:Nootka Convention
1430:History of Canada
1425:History of Alaska
1343:Malaspina Glacier
1318:as a gift to the
1299:Botany Bay prison
1282:Adams-Onís Treaty
1246:San Francisco Bay
1148:Malaspina Glacier
1124:Northwest Passage
1076:Strait of Georgia
931:northwest America
756:Anglo-Spanish War
611:San Francisco Bay
532:San Blas, Nayarit
510:Loading the ship
496:Pacific Northwest
468:Adams–Onís Treaty
405:Pacific Northwest
393:
392:
286:Pedro de Valdivia
276:Francisco Pizarro
196:Pedro de Alvarado
69:Pacific Northwest
5121:
4906:
4905:
4858:
4857:
4839:
4832:
4825:
4816:
4815:
4775:Circumnavigators
4724:
4723:
4692:Dana expeditions
4475:
4468:
4461:
4452:
4451:
4323:
4322:
4289:Chibchan Nations
4218:
4217:
4187:Santiago de Cuba
4046:Guadalupe Island
4006:
4005:
3733:
3732:
3726:
3725:
3688:Diego de Almagro
3565:Antonio de Ulloa
3469:Ambrosio Spinola
3464:Pedro de Zubiaur
3434:Alfonso d'Avalos
3424:Antonio de Leyva
3368:Army of Flanders
3353:
3352:
3342:
3341:
3231:
3230:
3220:
3219:
2946:
2945:
2935:
2934:
2805:
2804:
2794:
2793:
2762:
2761:
2735:Peñón of Algiers
2699:
2698:
2636:
2635:
2551:
2550:
2474:
2473:
2456:
2414:
2413:
2328:
2327:
2317:
2316:
2238:Seven Years' War
2211:Queen Anne's War
2088:
2087:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2050:
2049:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1921:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1891:. Archived from
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1863:
1857:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1821:
1815:
1812:Billings, Joseph
1809:
1803:
1802:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1744:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1717:
1706:
1705:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1660:
1647:
1646:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1588:
1580:
1562:
1534:Spain portal
1532:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1435:History of Spain
1327:Ballenas Islands
1226:George Vancouver
1203:Vancouver Island
1180:Vancouver Island
1051:San Juan Islands
1015:Nanwalek, Alaska
1002:Salvador Fidalgo
990:Pedro de Alberni
970:Salvador Fidalgo
881:Aleutian Islands
858:Vancouver Island
842:Three Saints Bay
530:, set sail from
397:Age of Discovery
385:
378:
371:
326:Amerigo Vespucci
281:Hernando de Soto
191:Diego de Almagro
51:
35:
34:
5129:
5128:
5124:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5079:The Californias
5034:
5033:
5032:
5027:
4983:1964 earthquake
4924:Alaska Purchase
4907:
4903:
4898:
4859:
4855:
4848:
4843:
4813:
4804:
4800:Space travelers
4785:Polar explorers
4763:
4718:
4711:
4665:
4622:
4537:
4531:
4490:
4484:
4479:
4449:
4440:
4416:Old inquisition
4328:
4313:
4223:
4196:
4152:Trinidad (1797)
4122:La Noche Triste
4110:
4106:San Juan (1797)
4056:San Juan (1595)
3993:
3882:
3722:Notable battles
3717:
3683:Martín de Ursúa
3614:
3545:Alonso de Ojeda
3515:Juan de la Cosa
3500:Pinzón brothers
3483:
3454:John of Austria
3429:Martín de Goiti
3407:
3347:
3328:
3272:
3225:
3206:
3118:
3114:Terra Australis
3109:Río de la Plata
3054:Castilla de Oro
3040:
2982:
2978:Río de la Plata
2940:
2921:
2880:
2839:
2835:Santa Hermandad
2799:
2780:
2776:Terra Australis
2767:
2756:
2723:Spanish Morocco
2704:
2693:
2684:Northern Taiwan
2645:
2630:
2601:Río de la Plata
2556:
2545:
2479:
2478:Central America
2468:
2450:
2419:
2408:
2352:Crown of Aragon
2333:
2322:
2307:
2223:Bourbon Reforms
2093:
2082:
2077:
2035:
2023:
2018:
2009:
2007:
1989:
1985:
1976:
1974:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1939:
1935:
1919:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1900:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1870:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1853:
1849:
1842:
1834:. p. 170.
1822:
1818:
1810:
1806:
1799:
1791:. p. 175.
1776:
1772:
1765:
1745:
1736:
1726:
1724:
1719:
1718:
1709:
1702:
1688:
1684:
1677:
1661:
1650:
1643:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1602:
1598:
1582:
1581:
1563:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1528:
1526:
1510:
1508:
1492:
1490:
1474:
1472:
1455:Russian America
1420:Fort San Miguel
1415:
1375:Hernando island
1363:Cordero Channel
1258:
1238:
1215:Caamaño Passage
1191:Jacinto Caamaño
1188:
1156:
1102:
1096:
1084:Santa Saturnina
1072:Santa Saturnina
1060:
1027:
998:
982:Fort San Miguel
943:
935:Santa Saturnina
919:to explore the
905:
885:Joseph Billings
869:Unalaska Island
865:Sitkinak Island
846:Evstrat Delarov
807:
798:Treaty of Paris
783:Kenai Peninsula
773:. They entered
760:Treaty of Paris
722:with two armed
708:
692:Mount Edgecumbe
623:Point Grenville
597:Alta California
580:command of the
578:Bodega y Quadra
524:Bruno de Heceta
504:
482:of the frigate
476:
454:to present-day
429:Las Californias
389:
331:Juan de la Cosa
301:Pedro de Candia
186:Alonso de Ojeda
41:of the Americas
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5127:
5117:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5029:
5028:
5026:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5014:
5013:
5003:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4974:
4973:
4968:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4947:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4926:
4921:
4915:
4913:
4909:
4908:
4901:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4853:
4850:
4849:
4842:
4841:
4834:
4827:
4819:
4810:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4771:
4769:
4768:By environment
4765:
4764:
4762:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4730:
4728:
4721:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4636:
4630:
4628:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4619:
4618:
4613:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4591:
4590:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4553:
4552:
4541:
4539:
4536:Exploration by
4533:
4532:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4527:
4517:
4512:
4511:
4510:
4500:
4494:
4492:
4489:Exploration by
4486:
4485:
4478:
4477:
4470:
4463:
4455:
4446:
4445:
4442:
4441:
4439:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4401:
4400:
4399:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4319:
4318:
4315:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4232:Canary Islands
4228:
4225:
4224:
4214:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4086:Túpac Amaru II
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4031:Bogotá savanna
4028:
4023:
4018:
4012:
4010:
4003:
3999:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3939:Spanish Armada
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3833:White Mountain
3830:
3828:Cape Celidonia
3825:
3823:English Armada
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3739:
3737:
3730:
3723:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3624:
3622:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3600:Juan Fernández
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3575:Diego Columbus
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3403:Army of Africa
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3383:Spanish Armada
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3359:
3357:
3349:
3348:
3338:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3284:Manila galleon
3280:
3278:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3239:
3237:
3227:
3226:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3128:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3050:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2992:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2954:
2952:
2942:
2941:
2931:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2888:
2886:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2811:
2809:
2801:
2800:
2798:Administration
2790:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2719:Western Sahara
2715:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2617:Banda Oriental
2598:
2584:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2432:Coastal Alaska
2424:
2421:
2420:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2324:
2323:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2084:
2083:
2080:Spanish Empire
2076:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2022:
2021:External links
2019:
2017:
2016:
1999:(in Spanish).
1983:
1971:hashilthsa.com
1958:
1951:
1933:
1926:(in Spanish).
1907:
1898:
1880:
1869:. ExploreNorth
1858:
1847:
1840:
1816:
1804:
1797:
1770:
1763:
1734:
1707:
1700:
1682:
1675:
1648:
1641:
1623:
1616:
1596:
1547:
1545:
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1539:
1521:
1503:
1485:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1387:Gravina Island
1335:Fidalgo Island
1320:Nuu-chah-nulth
1257:
1254:
1250:Columbia River
1237:
1234:
1230:Dixon Entrance
1187:
1184:
1155:
1152:
1098:Main article:
1095:
1092:
1059:
1056:
1031:Manuel Quimper
1026:
1023:
997:
994:
972:captained the
965:Princess Royal
956:Manuel Quimper
942:
939:
929:(formerly the
904:
901:
806:
803:
707:
704:
646:Columbia River
503:
500:
475:
472:
401:Spanish Empire
391:
390:
388:
387:
380:
373:
365:
362:
361:
360:
359:
354:
349:
341:
340:
336:
335:
334:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
296:Inés de Suárez
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
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175:
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167:
162:
157:
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108:
103:
93:
92:
91:
81:
76:
71:
66:
58:
57:
53:
52:
44:
43:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5126:
5115:
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5039:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5012:
5009:
5008:
5007:
5004:
5002:
5000:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4930:
4929:Gold Rush era
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4910:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4851:
4847:
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4835:
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4828:
4826:
4821:
4820:
4817:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4766:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4731:
4729:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4714:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4668:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4645:
4642:
4641:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
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4629:
4625:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4608:
4607:
4604:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4595:
4592:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4551:
4548:
4547:
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4543:
4542:
4540:
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4526:
4523:
4522:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4487:
4483:
4476:
4471:
4469:
4464:
4462:
4457:
4456:
4453:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
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4417:
4414:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4398:
4395:
4394:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4367:Tapada limeña
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4331:
4324:
4320:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4219:
4215:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4004:
4000:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3959:Montes Claros
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3899:Vienna (1529)
3897:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3885:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3727:
3724:
3720:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3628:Hernán Cortés
3626:
3625:
3623:
3621:
3620:Conquistadors
3617:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3590:Juan de Ayala
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3486:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3444:Duke of Savoy
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3410:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3343:
3339:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3243:Dollar (Peso)
3241:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3221:
3217:
3203:
3202:Santo Domingo
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3079:New Andalusia
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3026:Santo Domingo
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2950:Viceroyalties
2947:
2943:
2936:
2932:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2795:
2791:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2763:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2707:
2700:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2643:
2637:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2599:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2555:South America
2552:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2482:
2475:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2440:Spanish Texas
2437:
2433:
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2418:North America
2415:
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2399:Franche-Comté
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2006:
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1998:
1994:
1987:
1972:
1968:
1962:
1954:
1952:9780207952548
1948:
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1450:Nootka Crisis
1448:
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1383:Cortes Island
1380:
1379:Sonora Island
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1359:Sutil Channel
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1339:Spanish Banks
1336:
1332:
1331:Quadra Island
1328:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1316:Friendly Cove
1312:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1296:
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1279:
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1274:Nootka Crisis
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1069:
1065:
1055:
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1044:
1040:
1039:Princesa Real
1037:, sailed the
1036:
1035:Juan Carrasco
1032:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1003:
993:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
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960:Princesa Real
957:
953:
949:
938:
936:
932:
928:
927:
922:
918:
914:
913:Nootka Crisis
910:
900:
898:
897:Nootka Crisis
894:
888:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
861:
859:
855:
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843:
838:
836:
835:Kodiak Island
832:
828:
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820:
816:
812:
802:
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792:
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776:
772:
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734:
729:
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697:
693:
689:
684:
682:
678:
674:
673:Sitka, Alaska
670:
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624:
620:
616:
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583:
579:
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574:Toysón de Oro
571:
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548:
544:
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517:
513:
508:
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488:Nueva Galicia
485:
481:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
432:
430:
426:
425:Spanish Crown
422:
421:Pacific Ocean
418:
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269:
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261:Juan de Oñate
259:
257:
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226:Hernán Cortés
224:
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87:
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77:
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72:
70:
67:
65:
64:Inter caetera
62:
61:
60:
59:
55:
54:
50:
46:
45:
42:
37:
36:
30:
26:
21:
5023:Other topics
4999:Exxon Valdez
4998:
4971:Project Hula
4961:World War II
4342:Architecture
4237:The Americas
4101:Newfoundland
4091:Túpac Katari
4081:Cuerno Verde
4016:Tenochtitlan
3848:Valenciennes
3605:Luis Fajardo
3474:Blas de Lezo
3419:Duke of Alba
3299:Spanish Road
3137:Buenos Aires
3046:Governorates
2815:Ayuntamiento
2808:Organization
2431:
2273:Carlist Wars
2121:Italian Wars
2008:. Retrieved
1996:
1986:
1975:. Retrieved
1973:. 2015-05-02
1970:
1961:
1942:
1936:
1927:
1923:
1910:
1901:
1893:the original
1883:
1871:. Retrieved
1861:
1850:
1826:
1819:
1807:
1783:
1773:
1749:
1725:. Retrieved
1691:
1685:
1665:
1632:
1626:
1606:
1599:
1567:
1524:
1523:
1506:
1505:
1488:
1487:
1470:
1469:
1399:Port Angeles
1367:Laredo Sound
1355:Bucareli Bay
1324:
1313:
1303:
1288:
1286:
1267:
1239:
1223:
1219:Zayas Island
1199:Nootka Sound
1194:
1189:
1173:
1163:
1157:
1144:José Cardero
1118:
1114:
1103:
1083:
1079:
1071:
1067:
1061:
1047:Juan de Fuca
1038:
1028:
1005:
999:
973:
964:
959:
951:
944:
934:
930:
924:
909:Nootka Sound
906:
889:
862:
854:Nootka Sound
849:
839:
818:
814:
808:
795:
787:
764:
741:
737:
731:
727:
717:
685:
677:Bucareli Bay
660:
658:
641:
626:
618:
614:
605:
593:Monterey Bay
590:
581:
573:
569:
558:
554:
546:
542:
538:
527:
521:
487:
483:
477:
466:in the 1819
433:
394:
123:Aztec Empire
68:
4670:Expeditions
4508:Cave diving
4491:environment
4482:Exploration
4309:Philippines
4274:El Salvador
3894:Capo d'Orso
3778:St. Quentin
3753:Rome (1527)
3412:Strategists
3162:Guadalajara
3089:New Navarre
3084:New Castile
3069:La Luisiana
3021:Puerto Rico
3011:Philippines
2968:New Granada
2658:Philippines
2619:(Uruguay),
2615:(Bolivia),
2565:New Granada
2505:Puerto Rico
2451: [
2321:Territories
2141:Encomiendas
1371:Haro Strait
1351:Padilla Bay
1347:Cordova Bay
1295:Thomas Muir
1136:Yakutat Bay
1115:Descubierta
980:as well as
767:Port Etches
688:sovereignty
669:Sitka Sound
601:Golden Gate
567:packet boat
526:aboard the
492:Haida Gwaii
444:fur trading
395:During the
155:El Salvador
84:Inca Empire
5038:Categories
4869:Prehistory
4744:Portuguese
4616:Antarctica
3979:Somosierra
3969:Manila Bay
3843:Nördlingen
3783:Gravelines
3263:Columnario
3235:Currencies
3152:Concepción
3124:Audiencias
3099:New Toledo
3064:La Florida
2897:Corregidor
2861:Papal bull
2766:Antarctica
2674:Micronesia
2131:Golden Age
2010:2022-08-21
1977:2022-08-20
1930:: 105–115.
1873:5 December
1727:6 December
1544:References
1284:of 1819.
1080:San Carlos
1068:San Carlos
1006:San Carlos
974:San Carlos
958:captained
952:Concepción
850:San Carlos
819:San Carlos
781:, and the
779:Cook Inlet
747:James Cook
700:James Cook
654:Washington
606:San Carlos
570:San Carlos
512:San Carlos
411:, and the
347:Encomienda
306:Juan Pardo
79:California
5001:oil spill
4944:Fairbanks
4795:Seafarers
4719:explorers
4627:Timelines
4284:Nicaragua
4262:Guatemala
4172:Pichincha
4157:Chacabuco
4096:Pensacola
4041:Mataquito
4021:Cajamarca
4002:New World
3974:Trafalgar
3878:Alhucemas
3758:Landriano
3743:Comuneros
3729:Old World
3673:Joan Orpí
3393:Royalists
3167:Guatemala
3094:New Spain
3031:Venezuela
3006:Guatemala
2963:New Spain
2958:Columbian
2851:Exequatur
2751:Cape Juby
2605:Argentina
2428:New Spain
2362:Gibraltar
2126:Habsburgs
2005:1134-6582
1585:cite book
1270:New Spain
1172:, on the
1162:, on the
1041:into the
1019:Anchorage
1004:took the
813:, on the
791:Lapérouse
724:corvettes
698:explorer
563:New Spain
543:Felicidad
452:New Spain
165:Nicaragua
138:Guatemala
5011:timeline
4934:Klondike
4780:Climbers
4754:Romanian
4717:Lists of
4525:Deep-sea
4294:Colombia
4279:Honduras
4192:Asomante
4177:Ayacucho
4167:Carabobo
4142:Curalaba
3919:Ceresole
3813:Gembloux
3773:Mühlberg
3488:Mariners
3346:Military
3268:Doubloon
3253:Maravedí
3197:Santiago
3104:Paraguay
2830:Germania
2670:Caroline
2625:Malvinas
2609:Paraguay
2569:Colombia
2511:Trinidad
2378:Sardinia
2218:Bourbons
2033:Archives
1781:(2002).
1577:15737543
1413:See also
1395:Zeballos
1322:people.
1309:Monterey
1244:and the
1195:Aránzazu
1175:Mexicana
1158:In 1792
1132:American
1119:Atrevida
1062:In 1791
1029:In 1790
988:, under
873:Unalaska
815:Princesa
742:Princesa
738:Favorita
733:Princesa
728:Favorita
642:Santiago
635:Quinault
625:, named
615:Santiago
572:, alias
559:Santiago
541:, alias
536:schooner
528:Santiago
484:Santiago
440:Russians
160:Honduras
96:Colombia
4759:Russian
4749:Spanish
4739:Italian
4426:Asiento
4397:Mustang
4257:Yucatán
4252:Chiapas
4132:Tucapel
3964:Passaro
3914:Algiers
3904:Preveza
3873:Tetouan
3868:Vitoria
3858:Bitonto
3798:Antwerp
3793:Lepanto
3748:Bicocca
3224:Economy
3147:Charcas
3142:Caracas
3036:Yucatán
2907:Regidor
2892:Alcalde
2820:Cabildo
2727:Tripoli
2666:Mariana
2613:Charcas
2589:(Peru,
2573:Ecuador
2536:Bonaire
2531:Curazao
2516:Jamaica
2444:Florida
1997:El País
1407:Cordova
1140:Tlingit
1010:Cordova
923:in the
825:, with
696:British
638:Indians
631:English
516:Jo Mora
486:(alias
436:British
339:Related
148:Yucatán
133:Chiapas
113:Florida
101:Chibcha
56:History
29:British
4734:French
4611:Arctic
4557:Africa
4538:region
4515:Desert
4498:Canopy
4404:Castas
4162:Boyacá
4137:Guiana
4127:Iguape
4051:Recife
3989:Mactan
3984:Annual
3949:Rocroi
3944:Leiden
3929:Djerba
3863:Bailén
3818:Ostend
3803:Azores
3398:Legión
3363:Tercio
3356:Armies
3258:Escudo
3187:Panamá
3182:Mexico
3177:Manila
3132:Bogotá
2917:Vecino
2912:Syndic
2743:Béjaïa
2703:Africa
2689:Tidore
2577:Panama
2541:Belize
2448:Mexico
2374:Sicily
2370:Naples
2332:Europe
2003:
1949:
1838:
1795:
1761:
1698:
1673:
1639:
1614:
1575:
1405:, and
1403:Valdez
1389:, and
1256:Legacy
1168:, and
821:under
726:: the
661:Sonora
650:Oregon
619:Sonora
613:. The
582:Sonora
555:Sonora
539:Sonora
460:Alaska
456:Canada
399:, the
173:People
106:Muisca
4606:Polar
4520:Ocean
4299:Chile
4267:Petén
4242:Aztec
4061:Bahia
4036:Penco
4026:Cusco
3954:Downs
3934:Tunis
3853:Ceuta
3838:Breda
3788:Malta
3768:Tunis
3763:Pavia
3277:Trade
3192:Quito
3157:Cusco
2996:Chile
2731:Tunis
2678:Palau
2595:Chile
2526:Aruba
2521:Haiti
2455:]
2384:Milan
2342:Spain
1920:(PDF)
1755:24–31
1304:Otter
1290:Sutil
1165:Sutil
143:Petén
118:Texas
89:Chile
4939:Nome
4503:Cave
4304:Inca
4247:Maya
4182:Guam
4115:Lost
3887:Lost
3808:Mons
3248:Real
3172:Lima
3059:Cuba
3001:Cuba
2973:Perú
2749:and
2747:Ifni
2739:Oran
2662:Guam
2591:Acre
2587:Peru
2497:Cuba
2376:and
2001:ISSN
1947:ISBN
1875:2009
1836:ISBN
1793:ISBN
1759:ISBN
1729:2009
1696:ISBN
1671:ISBN
1637:ISBN
1612:ISBN
1591:link
1573:OCLC
1128:gold
1117:and
1108:and
652:and
617:and
458:and
438:and
128:Maya
4009:Won
3736:Won
2844:Law
2741:,
2461:),
2442:),
1928:III
1201:on
769:on
694:by
595:in
5040::
2745:,
2737:,
2733:,
2729:,
2725:,
2721:,
2676:,
2672:,
2668:,
2664:,
2660:,
2623:,
2611:,
2607:,
2593:,
2579:,
2575:,
2571:,
2503:,
2499:,
2453:es
2446:,
2372:,
2109:,
1995:.
1969:.
1922:.
1830:.
1787:.
1757:.
1737:^
1710:^
1651:^
1587:}}
1583:{{
1551:^
1409:.
1401:,
1397:,
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1381:,
1377:,
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1353:,
1349:,
1345:,
1341:,
1337:,
1333:,
1329:,
1311:.
1252:.
1217:,
954:.
899:.
860:.
683:.
584:.
498:.
470:.
431:.
4838:e
4831:t
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4460:v
2753:)
2680:)
2656:(
2644:)
2627:)
2603:(
2597:)
2567:(
2507:)
2495:(
2465:)
2430:(
2380:)
2072:e
2065:t
2058:v
2045:.
2013:.
1980:.
1955:.
1877:.
1844:.
1801:.
1767:.
1731:.
1704:.
1679:.
1645:.
1620:.
1593:)
1579:.
629:(
518:.
384:e
377:t
370:v
31:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
