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The reasons for starting the split S maneuver from the inverted position include the fact that people tolerate acceleration ("g-force") applied from head to feet several times better than the reverse direction, as much as 9g versus 3g. Most combat aircraft frames are also designed to pull more Gs in
187:
The split S, being a descending maneuver, means that the pilot must ensure that it is started high enough to complete the half-loop; the exact minimum altitude depends on factors like the aircraft's speed, weight and maneuverability, likewise the terrain below the plane. Misjudgements can arise from
179:
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167:, which is an ascending half-loop that finishes with a half-roll out, resulting in level flight in the opposite direction at a higher altitude. The split S is also called a reversed Immelmann turn and can also be written with a hyphen:
171:. In basic terms, the Immelmann and split S are very similar, both accomplishing the same reversal in course, but the split S exchanges altitude to gain speed, while the Immelmann turn exchanges speed to gain altitude.
207:). This could be prevented by rolling the aircraft before starting the dive, but doing so took up enough time to give the German pilots an excellent chance of escaping. The beginnings of a solution was provided by "
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mostly used to disengage from combat. To execute a split S, the pilot half-rolls his aircraft inverted and executes a descending half-loop, resulting in level flight in the opposite direction at a lower altitude.
183:
U.S. Air Force
Thunderbirds Captain Chris Stricklin ejects from his F-16 during an airshow at Mountain Home AFB, Idaho, after he attempts a "split S" maneuver with insufficient altitude
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when the pilot has the opportunity to withdraw from battle. It can be an effective tactic to prevent an enemy behind (between four o'clock and eight o'clock positions) from gaining a
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their positive aspects (upward to the aircraft), rather than negative (downward to the aircraft). A much tighter maneuver is therefore possible with the half roll.
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The split S without the beginning half-roll was a standard maneuver in early World War II by German pilots seeking to evade
British fighters. The
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leading to reduced power or a stalled engine (The German fighters were not subject to this problem since they used
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used in
British fighters was carbureted, and the float valves would malfunction under negative
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This article is about an aerial U-turn. For the alignment in linguistics, see
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a lack of situational awareness or from an error in reading instruments.
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295:""Blue Angels Will Stop Using Maneuver That Killed A Pilot""
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48:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
268:. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1993, p. 230–231.
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79:Learn how and when to remove this message
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160:while one is disengaging from a fight.
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742:International Miniature Aerobatic Club
725:Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
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596:Red Bull Air Race World Championship
581:FAI European Aerobatic Championships
152:The split S is taught to be used in
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163:The split S is contrasted with the
95:. For the type of heart sound, see
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586:FAI World Aerobatic Championships
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576:European Gliding Championships
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720:British Aerobatic Association
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106:Schematic view of a split S:
737:International Aerobatic Club
7:
619:Loop (inside & outside)
601:World Gliding Championships
344:Aerobatic manoeuvre website
229:
10:
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768:Princess Basmah Bani Ahmad
558:List of aerobatic aircraft
327:"AERODYNAMICS and G FORCE"
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284:, March 2009, p. 64.
34:This article includes a
209:Miss Shilling's orifice
93:Active–stative language
63:more precise citations.
266:Luftfahrt-Definitionen
184:
128:
120:
684:Stall turn/hammerhead
224:injection carburetors
182:
127:Split-S gif animation
126:
105:
1078:Maciej Pospieszyński
838:Giovanni De Briganti
591:FAI World Grand Prix
482:Supermaneuverability
307:on 17 September 2016
222:, and later to S.U.
220:pressure carburetors
704:Zurabatic cartwheel
264:Roderich Cescotti:
141:air combat maneuver
1108:Betty Skelton Erde
1048:Alexandr Panfierov
1033:Catherine Maunoury
773:Lincoln J. Beachey
185:
137:Aerobatic maneuver
129:
121:
36:list of references
1232:
1231:
1203:Janusz Żurakowski
998:Alejandro Maclean
943:Svetlana Kapanina
868:Markus Feyerabend
853:Matthias Dolderer
843:Tommaso Dal Molin
833:Mario de Bernardi
758:Cecilia R. Aragon
732:
508:
507:
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89:
88:
81:
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1245:Aerial maneuvers
1083:Sergey Rakhmanin
1063:František Peřina
1038:Yoshihide Muroya
1018:Mikhail Mamistov
1013:Stanisław Makula
988:Leo Loudenslager
873:Gerhard Fieseler
788:Marta Bohn-Meyer
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699:Whifferdill turn
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431:Pugachev's Cobra
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303:. Archived from
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217:Bendix-Stromberg
213:S.U. carburetors
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50:inline citations
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1138:Reinhold Tiling
1073:Peter Podlunšek
983:François Le Vot
963:Anatoly Kvochur
923:Nader Jahanbani
918:Nicolas Ivanoff
903:Charlie Hillard
883:Michael Goulian
858:Wilhelm DĂĽerkop
813:Kirby Chambliss
793:Cristian Bolton
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644:Hesitation roll
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40:related reading
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16:Aerial maneuver
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278:"The Last Ace"
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205:fuel injection
165:Immelmann turn
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1188:Kermit Weeks
1178:Pavel Vlasov
1168:Juan Velarde
1128:Chris Sperou
1118:Martin Ĺ onka
1113:Skip Stewart
1093:Olaf Schmidt
1023:Mike Mangold
1008:Jerzy Makula
958:Charlie Kulp
878:Jozef Gabris
863:Walter Extra
678:
639:Falling leaf
624:Aileron roll
568:Competitions
440:
321:
311:16 September
309:. Retrieved
305:the original
298:
289:
282:The Atlantic
281:
273:
265:
260:
194:
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132:
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75:
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55:Please help
47:
18:
1163:Gabor Varga
1153:Nick Turvey
1143:Ferenc TĂłth
1088:Amelia Reid
1003:Pete McLeod
933:Steve Jones
928:Petr Jirmus
913:Bevo Howard
828:Vicki Cruse
823:Marion Cole
818:Julie Clark
803:Pip Borrman
763:Hannes Arch
634:Cuban eight
629:Barrel roll
451:Thach Weave
411:Finger-four
246:Thach weave
154:dogfighting
148:Description
61:introducing
1158:Ernst Udet
1123:Gene Soucy
1098:Art Scholl
993:Nancy Lynn
973:Amanda Lee
968:Nigel Lamb
908:Bob Hoover
542:Aerobatics
406:Pylon turn
401:Cobra Turn
252:References
116:Exit level
69:April 2017
978:Jim LeRoy
898:Ray Hanna
888:Matt Hall
848:Glen Dell
689:Tailslide
611:Maneuvers
446:Tailslide
396:Chandelle
388:Maneuvers
236:Chandelle
113:Half loop
110:180° roll
1239:Category
694:Scissors
659:Lomcovak
550:Aircraft
500:Category
472:Dogfight
436:Scissors
241:Scissors
230:See also
97:Split S2
679:Split S
441:Split S
201:g-force
169:split-S
139:and an
133:split S
57:improve
751:Pilots
654:Kulbit
460:Topics
426:Kulbit
135:is an
1212:Other
42:, or
674:Spin
669:Slip
313:2016
131:The
300:MSN
215:to
1241::
1219:3D
297:.
280:,
226:.
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727:(
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67:(
53:.
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