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Sraosha

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Soroush has two yashts dedicated to him. One of these is Yasna 56–57, which is part of the primary Zoroastrian act of adoration. Yasna 56-57 is a "hidden" yasht in that those verses describe a devotee's relationship with Soroush but do not directly address him. The other hymn to the divinity is Yasht
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invocation and other sacred formulae are Soroush's weapons (57.22). He returned victorious from his battles with evil (57.12), which allowed the various aspects of creation to populate the world (57.23). Soroush wanders about the world teaching the religion of Mazda (57.24). Soroush is frequently
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In the Gathas, Soroush's primary function is to propagate conscience and the beauty of life, secondly the religion of Ahura Mazda to humanity, as Soroush himself learned it from Ahura Mazda. This is only obliquely alluded to in these old verses but is only properly developed in later texts
987:) and is "stately" (57.2, 57.5, 57.7, 57.9, 57.11, 57.15 etc.). He is said to have been the first in all of creation to adore Ahura Mazda and the Amesha Spentas. (57.2 and 57.6). He recited five holy verses in order to favor the great sextet (57.8), and the 939:
11.14 etc.). Directly evident in the Gathas is the description as the strongest, the sturdiest, the most active, the swiftest, and the most awe-inspiring of youths (Yasna 57.13), and as the figure that the poor look to for support (57.10).
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of wrath, for Aeshma distracts from proper worship, distorting "the intention and meaning of sacrifice through brutality against cattle and violence in war and drunkenness." While Aeshma's standard epithet is
890:(concepts that are "worthy of adoration"), Soroush is also frequently referred to as the "Angel of Conscience" or "Voice of Conscience", which overlaps with both of his role as the "Teacher of 943:
In the ethical goals of Zoroastrianism ("good thoughts, good words, good deeds") as expressed in Yasna 33.14, Soroush is identified with good deeds. This changes in Zoroastrian tradition (
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In Yasht 11, mankind lives under Soroush's constant guardianship (11.7). He is not interrupted by sleep in his constant vigil (11.14) in which he wields his weapons against the
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3.13-14), where Soroush is identified with good words. In Yasna 33.5, the poet speaks of Soroush as the greatest of all (decision makers) at the final renovation of the world.
1003:(11.0). Soroush teaches the word of Ahura Mazda to mankind (11.14). The poor look to him for support (11.3) and he is welcome in all homes that he protects (11.20). 1054:, the "bridge of judgement" that all souls of the dead must cross. Although Soroush is only one of the three divinities that pass judgement (the other two being 970:
11, which is a direct invocation of Soroush and bears his name in the title. Yasht 11 - like the other direct Yashts also - is not part of the liturgy of the
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In Yasna 56–57, Soroush is variously described as mighty, the incarnate word of reason, whose body is the holy spell (57.1). Soroush "possesses Truth" (
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In 43.46, Zoroaster is reminded to hurry with the propagation of Mazda's message before the prophet's death (before he encounters Soroush and
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In yet other texts Soroush is again protector of ritual, but here the celebrant priest receives the epithet
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proper. Yasht 11 has survived in a fragment of the Hadhokht Nask, which is today part of the
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described as the "lord of ritual" (57.2, 57.5, 57.7, 57.9, 57.11 etc.) and he propitiates
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In 50.4-5, the poet sees the path of Soroush (an allusion to the Chinvat bridge) as
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The Avestan language name of the Zoroastrian divinity of "Obedience" or "Observance"
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As also the other two guardians of the bridge, Soroush is closely identified with
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Minardi, Michele (2021). "The Image of the Zoroastrian God Srōsh: New Elements".
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of "Conscience" and "Observance", which is also the literal meaning of his name.
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himself. In these earliest texts, Soroush is routinely associated with the
919:, the oldest texts of Zoroastrianism and believed to have been composed by 601: 586: 546: 476: 471: 436: 69: 1062:), Soroush alone accompanies the soul on their journey across the bridge. 1516: 1488: 1334: 1304: 1239: 631: 486: 361: 1564: 1244: 1050:
In Zoroastrian tradition, Soroush is one of the three guardians of the
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of both "Conscience" and "Religion" and Guardian/Companion over the
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commentaries of the 9th-12th centuries, the divinity appears as
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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1090: 1014:who threatens to extinguish the hearth fire (cf. 1616: 1220: 1101:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFAssmussen1983 ( 1206: 1160:Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 877: 822: 780: 910: 164:texts from within a religion or faith system 1045: 78:Learn how and when to remove these messages 1213: 1199: 1149:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 787: 773: 344: 1096: 313:Learn how and when to remove this message 295:Learn how and when to remove this message 193:Learn how and when to remove this message 135:Learn how and when to remove this message 1130: 964: 872:. This form appears in many variants in 27:from a Cul-de-sac", Folio 708v from the 18: 1157: 1617: 1120: 1194: 1121:Dhalla, Maneckji Nusservanji (1938), 1137:Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition 865: 233:adding citations to reliable sources 204: 146: 84: 43: 1076:In the day-name dedications of the 915:Soroush is already attested in the 878: 840: 823: 807: 709:Zoroastrianism in the United States 13: 1021:Soroush is the chief adversary of 14: 1636: 59:This article has multiple issues. 1597: 1596: 1584: 756: 209: 151: 89: 48: 905: 220:needs additional citations for 67:or discuss these issues on the 1: 1131:Malandra, William W. (2014). 1083: 171:that critically analyze them. 34: 7: 886:. Unlike many of the other 831: 817: 739:Criticism of Zoroastrianism 719:Persecution of Zoroastrians 115:the claims made and adding 10: 1641: 1114: 23:"The Angel Surush Rescues 1578: 1507: 1464: 1393: 1232: 1176:10.1163/15700577-12341389 1123:History of Zoroastrianism 957:). In 44.16, Soroush and 911:In Zoroaster's revelation 30:Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp 1046:In Zoroastrian tradition 996:with sacrifice (57.19). 492:101 Names of Ahura Mazda 978:, the "little Avesta." 457:Zoroastrian literature 41: 1517:Fravardigan (Mukhtad) 965:In the younger Avesta 876:as well, for example 744:Zoroastrian cosmology 694:Zoroastrians in India 450:Scripture and worship 167:without referring to 22: 1078:Zoroastrian calendar 699:Zoroastrians in Iran 565:Accounts and legends 229:improve this article 175:improve this article 1591:Religion portal 894:", Daena being the 763:Religion portal 615:History and culture 582:Book of Arda Viraf 512:Cypress of Kashmar 100:possibly contains 42: 1612: 1611: 1145:cite encyclopedia 815: 797: 796: 323: 322: 315: 305: 304: 297: 279: 203: 202: 195: 169:secondary sources 145: 144: 137: 102:original research 82: 1632: 1600: 1599: 1589: 1588: 1509:Jashe/Parab days 1494:Zartosht No-Diso 1226:Iranian calendar 1215: 1208: 1201: 1192: 1191: 1187: 1154: 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New York. 1036:darshi.dru- 874:New Persian 849:Zoroastrian 632:Khurramites 382:Persia/Iran 367:Zarathustra 362:Ahura Mazda 1565:Bahmanagan 1527:Khordadgan 1406:Ardibehest 1380:Mahraspand 1350:Dae-Pa-Din 1250:Ardibehest 1084:References 1012:Azi Dahaka 959:Vohu Manah 896:hypostasis 870:, S(a)rosh 843:), is the 652:Initiation 467:Ashem Vohu 377:Vohu Manah 255:newspapers 109:improve it 64:improve it 1547:Meheragan 1466:Festivals 1426:Shehrevar 1401:Fravardin 1330:Fravardin 1255:Shehrevar 1184:237733753 1032:xrvi.dru- 984:ashavanem 921:Zoroaster 687:Adherents 647:Festivals 627:Mazdakism 622:Zurvanism 577:Bundahišn 387:Faravahar 244:"Sraosha" 113:verifying 70:talk page 1619:Category 1603:Category 1552:Abanegan 1474:Gambhars 1290:Khorshed 1133:"Sraoša" 866:𐭮𐭫𐭥𐭱 832:səraoṣ̌a 669:Marriage 642:Calendar 532:Visperad 527:Vendidad 432:Fravashi 330:a series 328:Part of 1625:Yazatas 1557:Azargan 1532:Tiragan 1421:Amardad 1411:Khordad 1270:Amardad 1265:Khordad 1240:Hormazd 1115:Sources 945:Denkard 935:57.24, 888:Yazatas 859:In the 845:Avestan 837:Persian 818:sraoṣ̌a 804:Avestan 800:Sraosha 572:Dēnkard 552:Ab-Zohr 417:Yazatas 392:Avestan 269:scholar 107:Please 1561:Daegan 1484:Pateti 1479:Nowruz 1451:Bahman 1394:Months 1385:Aneran 1375:Zamyad 1365:Ashtad 1335:Behram 1325:Rashne 1245:Bahman 1182:  1060:Mithra 1056:Rashnu 1040:Ahuric 1025:, the 1023:Aeshma 972:Avesta 917:Gathas 884:Sorūsh 853:yazata 714:Iranis 704:Parsis 674:Burial 662:Sedreh 657:Kushti 537:Yashts 517:Gathas 462:Avesta 427:Daevas 422:Ahuras 271:  264:  257:  250:  242:  1499:Sadeh 1431:Meher 1370:Asman 1345:Govad 1320:Srosh 1315:Meher 1295:Mohor 1180:S2CID 1168:Brill 1166:(1). 1071:ashya 1027:daeva 994:haoma 937:Yasht 933:Yasna 892:Daena 522:Yasna 276:JSTOR 262:books 162:uses 1441:Adar 1436:Avan 1305:Gosh 1285:Avan 1280:Adar 1233:Days 1151:link 1103:help 1067:Ashi 1058:and 1016:Atar 1001:druj 955:Ashi 879:سروش 841:سروش 372:Asha 248:news 1446:Dae 1416:Tir 1355:Din 1340:Ram 1300:Tir 1172:doi 1018:). 821:or 231:by 111:by 1621:: 1178:. 1164:27 1162:. 1147:}} 1143:{{ 1135:. 902:. 882:, 839:: 835:; 829:, 812:, 806:: 332:on 73:. 35:c. 1224:- 1214:e 1207:t 1200:v 1186:. 1174:: 1153:) 1107:. 1105:) 931:( 802:( 788:e 781:t 774:v 316:) 310:( 298:) 292:( 287:) 283:( 273:· 266:· 259:· 252:· 225:. 196:) 190:( 185:) 181:( 177:. 138:) 132:( 127:) 123:( 105:. 80:) 76:( 40:) 33:(

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