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State-owned enterprises of South Africa

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2681: 1725: 35:. In key sectors such as electricity, transport (air, rail, freight, and pipelines), and telecommunications, SOEs play a lead role, often defined by law, although limited competition is allowed in some sectors (i.e., telecommunications and air). The government's interest in these sectors often competes with and discourages foreign investment. 140:
caused increased public controversy. By the end of 2015–16 combined government guarantees on debts owed by state owned enterprises had reached R467 billion (equivalent to US$ 33.1 billion) and were expected to reach R500 billion by 2020 representing 10 percent of South Africa's GDP. The situation
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is the shareholder representative of the South African Government with oversight responsibility for state-owned enterprises in key sectors. Some companies are not directly controlled by the Department of Public Enterprises, but by various other departments. Further, not all state owned entities are
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Although in 2015 and 2016, senior government leaders discussed allowing private-sector investment into some of the more than 700 state-owned enterprises and recently released a report of a presidential review commission on SOE, which called for nationalization of SOEs, no concrete action has been
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minister has publicly stated that South Africa's SOEs should advance economic transformation, industrialization and import substitution. DPE has oversight responsibility in full or in part for six of the approximately 700 SOEs that exist at the national, provincial, and local levels:
71:. These seven SOEs employ approximately 105,000 people. The states share of the investment was 21% while private enterprise contributed 63% (government spending made up the remainder of 16%). The IMF estimates that the debt of the SOEs would add 13.5% to the overall national debt. 79:
Many state-owned firms were established during the apartheid era to counter the impact of international sanctions against the country. The ANC government initially sold stakes in the companies, and lowered import tariffs. Those measures were reversed following opposition from
2531: 2301: 2446: 2286: 2306: 569: 151:. In 2021 the South African Treasury reported that South African Airways had accumulated a total loss between 2008 and 2020 of R32 billion (US$ 2.1 billion) and received a total of R60 billion (US$ 4 billion) in 2215: 2557: 2321: 2604: 2600: 256: 171:
among others. Schedule 2 entities are listed as Major Public Entities and have greater autonomy than Schedule 3 entities. Schedule 2 entities are listed below. Schedule 3 entities are subdivided into:
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had led to many enterprises facing deep financial difficulty. Deepening financial issues, mismanagement, maladministration and government bailouts of enterprises such as the
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The Public Finance Management Act distinguishes between three types of public entities. Schedule 1 entities compromise Constitutional Institutions including the
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Provincial Government Business Enterprises - which are profit-seeking businesses controlled by provincial government and includes the
3333: 880:
List of other large South African public entities (Schedule 3) and companies in which the state is a shareholder. FY2019/2020 Data.
3590: 3237: 2779: 708: 3222: 3688: 2842: 2784: 1579: 623: 117: 68: 2051: 1803: 2635: 941: 195: 133: 1951: 3350: 3323: 3227: 1591: 363: 164: 3887: 3197: 2936: 2895: 2731: 2336: 1565: 1288: 1153: 476: 175:
National Public Entities - which generally function as specialised agencies or not-for-profit organisations such as the
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within South African state owned enterprises by individuals connected to government such as the controversial
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Manages air traffic and navigation within South Africa and part of the Southern Indian and Atlantic Oceans
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Provincial Public Entities - which have a provincial focus and function as provincial agencies such as the
3545: 3525: 3376: 2710: 2665: 1710: 142: 96:. The new ANC policy aimed at expanding the role of SOEs in the economy, following the example of China. 3787: 3600: 3520: 3500: 3328: 3303: 3288: 2958: 2921: 2890: 2859: 2837: 2762: 1615: 1585: 1006: 634: 3540: 3505: 3454: 3338: 3293: 3242: 3192: 3163: 1573: 740: 190:
National Government Business Enterprises - which function as profit-seeking businesses including the
2680: 549:
Supports education, housing, health services and business development projects (not profit-seeking)
3653: 3643: 3565: 3510: 3490: 3439: 3266: 3252: 3123: 3031: 2880: 2752: 1692: 916: 3847: 3840: 3610: 3580: 3555: 3444: 3381: 3364: 3180: 3019: 3011: 2807: 2757: 2715: 2651: 2075: 32: 20: 3628: 3560: 3515: 3401: 3283: 2231: 349: 2168: 3856: 3821: 3816: 3678: 3663: 3658: 3633: 3595: 3495: 3048: 1952:"Bloated Eskom falls deeper into financial crisis – Natasha Mazzone - POLITICS | Politicsweb" 1630: 768: 656: 121: 60: 88:. By 2007, an alliance of unions and leftist factions within the ANC had unseated President 3713: 3068: 2703: 1080: 8: 3861: 3777: 3313: 416: 354: 261: 3637: 3421: 3093: 2885: 2829: 2802: 2670: 2128: 184: 3623: 3088: 3063: 3053: 1067: 391: 2200: 1089:
27.3% state owned (mostly indirectly through the government employees pension fund)
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at Eskom was regarded as so serious as to lead the South African business newspaper
168: 2169:"State-Owned Enterprises and other public institutions | South African Government" 1780:"Corrupt state owned enterprises lie at the heart of South Africa's economic woes" 3103: 3799: 3098: 2027:"For Denel to survive, it needs partners, soon, warns Armscor's Kevin Wakeford" 515: 487: 152: 3876: 3809: 3738: 3733: 2852: 2101:"ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AIR TRAFFIC AND NAVIGATION SERVICES SOC LIMITED" 1926: 1729: 109: 3748: 3743: 3728: 3723: 3083: 3007: 1071: 628: 113: 2620: 225:
List of South African Schedule 2 Major Public Entities. FY2019/2020 Data.
3804: 3753: 3718: 3434: 3078: 3058: 2931: 357: 89: 2976: 1497:
Safety and Security, Sector Education & Training Authority (SASSETA)
3782: 3770: 2943: 2152:"Here is Government’s shareholding in South African telecoms companies" 2003:"Denel has a R2.34-billion debt problem - and no plan how to tackle it" 1026: 199: 93: 3794: 3118: 1684: 796: 717: 2195: 1506:
South African Agency For Science and Technology Advancement (SAASTA)
3765: 3073: 1854:"Finances at SABC are so dire that it cannot pay content providers" 1636: 1324:
Health and Welfare Sector Education and Training Authority (HWSETA)
850: 206: 148: 137: 56: 3760: 1728:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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There are currently 108 State Owned Enterprises in South Africa
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Electrical production, transmission and distribution monopoly.
321: 81: 1524:
South African Council for Social Service Professions (SACSSP)
1058: 510: 448: 129: 125: 52: 48: 2052:"UNACCOUNTABLE #23: How Prasa was looted and left for scrap" 997: 481: 1300:
Export Credit Insurance Corporation of South Africa (Ltd.)
1249:
Broadcasting Complaints Commission of South Africa (BCCSA)
1597:
South African Special Risk Insurance Association (SASRIA)
1399:
National Economic Development and Labour Council (NEDLAC)
1161:
Maintenance and development of the national road network
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Long distance & international internet connectivity.
1570:
South African Nuclear Energy Corporation SOC Ltd (NECSA)
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State-owned enterprises play a significant role in the
1903:"SAA's full financial distress exposed – rehab starts" 1830:"Why Hlaudi mostly to blame for SABC financial crisis" 1473:
Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority (PSIRA)
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Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration
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Land and Agricultural Development Bank of South Africa
2230: 1973: 1971: 1264:
Companies and Intellectual Property Commission (CIPC)
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Railways, harbours, oil/fuel pipelines and terminals
1713:. US State Department's Office of Investment Affairs 103: 1979:"EDITORIAL: How Eskom could cause a banking crisis" 1642:
Universal Service Agency and Access of South Africa
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South African Diamond and Precious Metals Regulator
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National Home Builders Registration Council (NHBRC)
577:Shareholder in numerous companies and subsidiaries 2196:Index of all South African state owned enterprises 1968: 1402:National Electronic Media of South Africa (NEMISA) 1327:Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) 570:Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa 209:and various provincial gambling and liquor boards; 1878:"SAA in far deeper trouble | IOL Business Report" 1778:Mutize, Dr Misheck; Gossel, Sean (19 June 2017). 3874: 1464:Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (Pty) Limited (PBMR) 1357:Land Bank and Agriculture Bank of South Africa 1234:Armaments Corporation of South Africa (ARMSCOR) 1461:Passenger Rail Agency of South African (PRASA) 1378:National Advisory Council on Innovation (NACI) 912:Council for Scientific and Industrial Research 192:Council for Scientific and Industrial Research 177:Companies and Intellectual Property Commission 108:By the end of the Zuma administration in 2018 2992: 2636: 2216: 1804:"SABC in financial crisis, admits acting CEO" 1533:South African Forestry Company (Ltd) (SAFCOL) 1512:South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) 1442:National Transmission Company of South Africa 1438:National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) 1387:National Arts Council of South Africa (NACSA) 1366:Media Development and Diversity Agency (MDDA) 1777: 1556:South African National Council for the Blind 1348:Ithala Development Finance Corporation (Ltd) 147:to speculate that it could cause a national 2650: 1705: 1703: 1701: 1552:South African National Accreditation System 1539:South African Institute for Drug-Free Sport 1423:National Housing Finance Corporation (NHFC) 1420:National House of Traditional Leaders  1225:Air Traffic and Navigation Services Company 257:Air Traffic and Navigation Services Company 3883:Government-owned companies of South Africa 2999: 2985: 2643: 2629: 2223: 2209: 1621:State Information Technology Agency (SITA) 1546:South African Local Government Association 1521:South African Council for Educators (SACE) 1500:Small Enterprise Development Agency (SEDA) 1491:Road Traffic Management Corporation (RTMC) 1318:Government Employees Medical Scheme (GEMS) 3006: 2147: 2145: 1927:"South African Airways 'near bankruptcy'" 1744: 1742: 1740: 1738: 1339:Industrial Development Corporation (IDC) 1711:"South Africa - State Owned Enterprises" 1698: 1515:South African Bureau of Standards (SABS) 1467:Perishable Products Export Control Board 1447:National Youth Development Agency (NYDA) 1390:National Consumer Commission (The) (NCC) 1384:National Archives of South Africa (NASA) 1321:Government Employees Pension Fund (GEPF) 1312:Free State Development Corporation  709:South African Nuclear Energy Corporation 214:Richards Bay Industrial Development Zone 2049: 1900: 1536:South African Heritage Resources Agency 1488:Road Traffic Infringement Agency (RTIA) 1414:National Gambling Board of South Africa 1381:National Agricultural Marketing Council 1375:Mintek (Council for Mineral Technology) 1363:Limpopo Economic Development Enterprise 218:East London Industrial Development Zone 3875: 2843:Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment 2142: 1827: 1735: 1600:South African State Theatre - Pretoria 1580:South African Qualifications Authority 1518:South African Civil Aviation Authority 1503:Small Enterprise Finance Agency (SEFA) 1333:Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) 1133:Owner and operator of national parks. 624:South African Broadcasting Corporation 424:Energy development. Parent company of 296:Owner and operator of major airports. 118:South African Broadcasting Corporation 69:South African Broadcasting Corporation 2980: 2624: 2204: 2123: 2121: 942:Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa 688:Manages forestry on state owned land 196:Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa 3709:South African Bantu-speaking peoples 1773: 1771: 1592:South African Social Security Agency 1345:Institute of People Management (IPM) 1228:Airports Company South Africa (ACSA) 1542:South African Library for the Blind 1476:Public Investment Corporation (PIC) 1289:Development Bank of Southern Africa 1222:Agricultural Research Council (ARC) 1154:South African National Roads Agency 477:Development Bank of Southern Africa 59:(railway transport and pipelines) 13: 2679: 2118: 1685:companies "State Owned Companies" 1566:South African National Road Agency 1453:North West Development Corporation 1432:National Peace Accord Trust (NPAT) 1411:National Film and Video Foundation 1307:Financial Sector Conduct Authority 1105:Telecommunications infrastructure 16:Public enterprises in South Africa 14: 3899: 2189: 1828:Sokutu, Brian (31 October 2018). 1768: 1666:List of companies of South Africa 1408:National Energy Regulator (NERSA) 1396:National Development Agency (NDA) 1297:Estate Agency Affairs Board (The) 104:Financial troubles and corruption 2532:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 2302:Democratic Republic of the Congo 1723: 1689:Department of Public Enterprises 1661:Department of Public Enterprises 1606:South African Veterinary Council 1429:National Nuclear Regulator (NNR) 1354:King Shaka International Airport 1330:Housing Development Agency (HDA) 1303:Film and Publication Board (FPB) 1261:Commission for Employment Equity 604:Development finance for farmers 362:Arms procurement agency for the 165:Independent Electoral Commission 40:Department of Public Enterprises 25:Department of Public Enterprises 2954:National Budget of South Africa 2161: 2093: 2068: 2043: 2019: 1995: 1944: 1919: 1645:Water Research Commission (WRC) 1393:National Credit Regulator (NCR) 1252:Cape Town International Airport 921:National research organisation 824:Trans-Caledon Tunnel Authority 682:South African Forestry Company 181:Human Sciences Research Council 1894: 1870: 1846: 1821: 1796: 1678: 1656:Minister of Public Enterprises 1457:OR Tambo International Airport 1435:National Ports Authority (NPA) 1372:Mining Qualification Authority 1351:Khula Enterprise Finance (Ltd) 65:South African Forestry Company 1: 2129:"Alexkor Annual Report: 2018" 1901:Bateman, Chris (2018-05-17). 1671: 1610:South African Weather Service 1426:National Lotteries Commission 1336:Independent Development Trust 977:National oil and gas company 542:Independent Development Trust 286:Airports Company South Africa 158: 86:South African Communist Party 2848:Qualifying Small Enterprises 2050:Secrets, Open (2021-04-13). 1627:Technology Innovation Agency 1560:South African National Parks 1270:Competition Commission (The) 1210: 1126:South African National Parks 804:National telephone monopoly 7: 1649: 1509:South African Airways (SAA) 1282:Council on Higher Education 1279:Council for Medical Schemes 1002:Research & Development 949:Passenger railway services 421:Research & Development 10: 3904: 3888:Government-owned companies 2860:Exempted Micro Enterprises 2838:Black Economic Empowerment 2076:"No more bailouts for SAA" 1616:Special Investigating Unit 1586:South African Reserve Bank 1219:Accounting Standards Board 1009:nuclear energy technology 1007:Pebble Bed Modular Reactor 917:Research & Development 830:Water transport authority 635:public service broadcaster 207:Gautrain Management Agency 74: 55:(electricity generation), 3834: 3699: 3609: 3486: 3477: 3372: 3363: 3274: 3265: 3171: 3162: 3137: 3027: 3018: 2914: 2868: 2828: 2793: 2740: 2724: 2691: 2677: 2658: 2545: 2520: 2239: 1574:South African Post Office 1405:National Empowerment Fund 1255:Central Energy Fund (CEF) 748:National postal services 741:South African Post Office 564:1990 (reconfigured 1999) 28:registered as companies. 2287:Central African Republic 1693:Republic of South Africa 1485:Road Accident Fund (RAF) 456:Armaments manufacturer. 100:taken on the topic yet. 3430:State-owned enterprises 3129:Democratic South Africa 2949:State-owned enterprises 2808:Witwatersrand Gold Rush 2652:Economy of South Africa 2232:State-owned enterprises 2080:The Mail & Guardian 1695:. Retrieved 2017-01-28. 1624:Tax Ombud: South Africa 735:1999 (in current form) 574:Industrial Development 488:economic infrastructure 486:Funding for social and 2685: 2031:www.businesslive.co.za 1983:www.businesslive.co.za 1858:www.businesslive.co.za 1360:Legal Aid South Africa 1276:Council for Geoscience 776:International airline 350:Armscor (South Africa) 51:(military equipment), 3049:Kingdom of Mapungubwe 2683: 2447:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂ­ncipe 2307:Republic of the Congo 1956:www.politicsweb.co.za 1603:South African Tourism 1530:South African Express 1450:Nelson Mandela Museum 1342:Ingonyama Trust Board 769:South African Airways 657:South African Express 601:Agricultural Finance 153:government guarantees 122:South African Airways 92:, replacing him with 67:(SAFCOL) (forestry), 61:South African Express 33:South African economy 3684:World Heritage Sites 3460:Water and sanitation 3069:Mthethwa Paramountcy 2896:Consumer price index 2684:Flag of South Africa 1750:"Commanding plights" 1494:Robben Island Museum 1482:Refugee Appeal Board 1273:Competition Tribunal 1130:Nature conservation 2732:Automotive industry 2522:States with limited 2007:www.timeslive.co.za 1186:Telecommunications 1102:Telecommunications 881: 801:Telecommunications 546:Social Development 417:Central Energy Fund 262:Air Traffic Control 226: 3094:Transvaal Republic 2886:South African rand 2830:Affirmative action 2803:Mineral Revolution 2775:Telecommunications 2686: 1243:Breede-Gouritz CMA 1240:Brand South Africa 1201:13.9% state owned 1189:Cellular services 1173:Fully state owned 1145:Fully state owned 1117:Fully state owned 1074:and distribution. 1072:petroleum refining 1050:Fully state owned 1034:Water utility for 989:Fully state owned 961:Fully state owned 933:Fully state owned 879: 870:Fully state owned 842:Fully state owned 816:55.3% state owned 788:Fully state owned 760:Fully state owned 732:Fully state owned 700:Fully state owned 674:Fully state owned 648:Fully state owned 615:Fully state owned 588:Fully state owned 561:Fully state owned 533:Fully state owned 502:Fully state owned 468:Fully state owned 440:Fully state owned 408:Fully state owned 392:Telecommunications 378:Fully state owned 341:Fully state owned 308:74.6% state owned 292:Airport management 277:Fully state owned 224: 185:Road Accident Fund 3870: 3869: 3830: 3829: 3473: 3472: 3465:Wealth inequality 3412:Income inequality 3359: 3358: 3334:Political parties 3299:Foreign relations 3261: 3260: 3158: 3157: 3089:Orange Free State 3064:Dutch Cape Colony 3054:Kingdom of Mutapa 2974: 2973: 2876:National Treasury 2692:Natural resources 2618: 2617: 2549:other territories 2322:Equatorial Guinea 2156:mybroadband.co.za 1470:PetroSA (Pty) Ltd 1267:Compensation Fund 1246:Broadband Infraco 1208: 1207: 1068:coal-liquefaction 877: 876: 720:research reactor 664:Regional airline 453:Arms procurement 387:Broadband Infraco 3895: 3850: 3843: 3669:National symbols 3591:Social movements 3484: 3483: 3425: 3397:Economic history 3370: 3369: 3272: 3271: 3238:Populated places 3169: 3168: 3109:Great Depression 3025: 3024: 3001: 2994: 2987: 2978: 2977: 2937:Traded companies 2901:Provinces by HDI 2815:Great Depression 2795:Economic history 2645: 2638: 2631: 2622: 2621: 2610: 2609:(United Kingdom) 2605:Tristan da Cunha 2601:Ascension Island 2593: 2580: 2571: 2547:Dependencies and 2240:Sovereign states 2225: 2218: 2211: 2202: 2201: 2183: 2182: 2180: 2179: 2165: 2159: 2149: 2140: 2139: 2138:. 31 March 2021. 2133: 2125: 2116: 2115: 2113: 2111: 2105: 2097: 2091: 2090: 2088: 2087: 2072: 2066: 2065: 2063: 2062: 2047: 2041: 2040: 2038: 2037: 2023: 2017: 2016: 2014: 2013: 1999: 1993: 1992: 1990: 1989: 1975: 1966: 1965: 1963: 1962: 1948: 1942: 1941: 1939: 1938: 1923: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1913: 1898: 1892: 1891: 1889: 1888: 1874: 1868: 1867: 1865: 1864: 1850: 1844: 1843: 1841: 1840: 1825: 1819: 1818: 1816: 1815: 1800: 1794: 1793: 1791: 1790: 1784:The Conversation 1775: 1766: 1765: 1763: 1761: 1756:. 27 August 2015 1746: 1733: 1727: 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271:R1.673bn 233:Industry 3857:Category 3766:Khoekhoe 3644:HIV/AIDS 3566:Religion 3531:Intersex 3511:Feminism 3491:Cannabis 3440:Taxation 3344:timeline 3324:Military 3267:Politics 3253:Wildlife 3150:Military 3138:By topic 3074:Ndwandwe 3032:Timeline 3012:articles 2881:Taxation 2753:Gambling 2741:Services 2725:Industry 2603: / 2599: / 2592:(France) 2586: / 2564: / 2560: / 2512:Zimbabwe 2487:Tanzania 2337:Ethiopia 2332:Eswatini 2312:Djibouti 2277:Cameroon 2262:Botswana 1931:BBC News 1650:See also 1637:Transnet 1237:Blind SA 1198:R24.5bn 1195:R86.4bn 1170:R1.01bn 1114:R0.18bn 1047:R3.15bn 1044:R13.4bn 983:R10.3bn 897:Revenue 867:R6.04bn 851:Transnet 782:R30.7bn 694:R0.93bn 585:(R3.bn) 462:R3.76bn 434:R13.2bn 402:R0.41bn 375:R0.23bn 372:R1.75bn 338:R0.03bn 329:mining. 305:R0.23bn 302:R2.86bn 242:Revenue 216:and the 183:and the 138:Transnet 84:and the 57:Transnet 3841:Outline 3822:Chinese 3817:Indians 3810:Griquas 3788:British 3761:Khoisan 3714:Ndebele 3634:Cuisine 3611:Culture 3581:Smoking 3556:Poverty 3479:Society 3445:Tourism 3382:Banking 3365:Economy 3213:Islands 3208:Forests 3181:Climate 3145:Economy 3020:History 2758:Tourism 2716:Whaling 2671:Gauteng 2588:RĂ©union 2584:Mayotte 2575:Madeira 2570:(Spain) 2566:Melilla 2497:Tunisia 2467:Somalia 2452:Senegal 2437:Nigeria 2427:Namibia 2417:Morocco 2382:Liberia 2377:Lesotho 2327:Eritrea 2297:Comoros 2272:Burundi 2247:Algeria 2136:Alexkor 1594:(SASSA) 1444:(NTCSA) 1182:Vodacom 1167:R3,6bn 1142:R0.2bn 1139:R2.6bn 1111:R1.4bn 1098:Sentech 1083:21.7bn 1077:30,100 1063:Energy 1036:Gauteng 974:Energy 970:PetroSA 952:16,350 927:R2.5bn 861:55,946 839:R2.1bn 836:R2.3bn 813:R4.9bn 807:18,286 779:10,071 754:R4.5bn 751:18,119 713:Energy 642:R6.4bn 523:46,665 499:R3.1bn 496:R5.6bn 482:Banking 426:PetroSA 335:R0.2bn 327:Diamond 317:Alexkor 288:(ACSA) 75:History 45:Alexkor 3862:Portal 3778:Whites 3739:Tswana 3734:Tsonga 3679:Sports 3629:Cinema 3561:Racism 3516:Health 3402:Energy 3284:Courts 3248:Rivers 3010:  2607:  2590:  2577:  2507:Zambia 2502:Uganda 2442:Rwanda 2397:Malawi 2357:Guinea 2252:Angola 1808:News24 1612:(SAWS) 1588:(SARB) 1582:(SAQA) 1576:(SAPO) 1309:(FSCA) 1291:(DBSA) 1192:7,554 1136:4,181 1041:3,411 980:1,594 924:3,000 891:Notes 864:R74bn 810:R41bn 723:1,400 691:2,363 639:3,167 459:3,968 431:2,107 369:1,467 322:Mining 299:3,110 236:Notes 179:, the 136:, and 82:COSATU 3848:Index 3749:Xhosa 3744:Venda 3729:Swazi 3724:Sotho 3664:Music 3659:Media 3596:Women 3496:Crime 3422:Rand 3218:Lakes 3037:Years 2915:Misc. 2748:Banks 2562:Ceuta 2482:Sudan 2432:Niger 2387:Libya 2372:Kenya 2352:Ghana 2342:Gabon 2317:Egypt 2257:Benin 2132:(PDF) 2104:(PDF) 1633:(Ltd) 1618:(SIU) 1294:Eskom 1204:1994 1176:1998 1148:1926 1120:1996 1092:1950 1059:Sasol 1053:1903 1021:1994 992:1965 964:1990 936:1945 885:Name 873:1990 845:1986 819:1991 791:1934 763:1991 703:1992 677:1994 651:1936 618:1912 591:1940 536:1923 511:Eskom 505:1983 471:1992 449:Denel 443:1954 411:2007 381:1968 364:SANDF 344:1992 311:1993 280:1993 230:Name 134:PRASA 130:Denel 126:Eskom 53:Eskom 49:Denel 3754:Zulu 3719:Pedi 3638:wine 3546:LGBT 2704:Coal 2492:Togo 2402:Mali 2292:Chad 2112:2022 1762:2018 1719:2018 1164:397 1108:531 1081:US$ 1012:900 998:PBMR 833:141 667:980 552:279 493:492 399:166 355:Arms 332:859 198:and 167:and 38:The 23:the 3624:Art 3314:Law 19:In 3879:: 2171:. 2154:, 2144:^ 2134:. 2120:^ 2078:. 2054:. 2029:. 2005:. 1981:. 1970:^ 1954:. 1929:. 1905:. 1880:. 1856:. 1832:. 1806:. 1782:. 1770:^ 1752:. 1737:^ 1700:^ 1691:, 1687:, 1070:, 490:. 428:. 366:. 194:, 155:. 132:, 128:, 124:, 120:, 63:, 3640:) 3636:( 3000:e 2993:t 2986:v 2644:e 2637:t 2630:v 2224:e 2217:t 2210:v 2181:. 2114:. 2089:. 2064:. 2039:. 2015:. 1991:. 1964:. 1940:. 1915:. 1890:. 1866:. 1842:. 1817:. 1792:. 1764:. 1732:. 1721:. 220:. 202:; 187:;

Index

South Africa
Department of Public Enterprises
South African economy
Department of Public Enterprises
Alexkor
Denel
Eskom
Transnet
South African Express
South African Forestry Company
South African Broadcasting Corporation
COSATU
South African Communist Party
Thabo Mbeki
Jacob Zuma
corruption
Gupta family
South African Broadcasting Corporation
South African Airways
Eskom
Denel
PRASA
Transnet
Business Day
banking crisis
government guarantees
Independent Electoral Commission
Public Protector
Companies and Intellectual Property Commission
Human Sciences Research Council

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