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737:, the preparations for the trial were eventually stopped and the arrested persons were released in fall 1953 under condition that they are not to divulge any part of the arrest. Lajos Stöckler became severely impaired psychologically from torture. Miksa Domonkos spent a week in hospital and died shortly afterwards at home, mainly due to the torture he had been subjected to.
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did not wish to resurrect the ÁVH under this name after 1956 (Kádár was tortured by the ÁVH in the 1950s), yet it flourished in the system of the
Ministry of Interior (Hungarian BM). This should be considered in the light of the use of the Soviet security apparatus directly in Hungary after the 1956
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On
October 29, in the second week of the revolution, the Dudás militia attacked the headquarters of the secret police in Budapest, massacring the ÁVH inside. This event was well documented by both western and eastern journalists and photographers, and constituted the primary evidence against Imre
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When the students' and workers' councils discovered what the Dudás group was doing, they instituted armed patrols to arrest and detain ÁVH members for their own safety, and for future planned trials. As a result of Dudás' massacres, and the students' policy of arrest, many ÁVH voluntarily turned
674:
The last people to meet
Wallenberg in Budapest were Ottó Fleischmann, Károly Szabó, and Pál Szalai, who were invited to a supper at the Swedish Embassy building in Gyopár street on January 12, 1945. The next day, January 13, Wallenberg contacted the Russians. By 1953, Ottó Fleischmann had left
845:
intervened in the revolution to support the government, ÁVH officers carried out brutal reprisals against those who had killed their comrades. The ÁVH generally targeted all revolutionaries, and received significant assistance from the Soviet Union's security apparatus, who arrested the Nagy
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These camps were mixed and varied. Early camps tended to be cruder and more cruel. In particular, the status of ex-party members varied. In camps prior to 1953 they were more harshly treated than other prisoners. After 1953, ex-party members were a virtual
885:
revolution, and in preparation for the trial of Nagy and "his accomplices". Between 1956 and 1963 Kádár, a natural opportunist, fought an inner party battle against hardline
Stalinists, although he accepted the services of many cruel former AVH torturers.
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themselves in to students' or workers' councils to seek protective custody. This was a reflection of the shared student-worker policy of keeping the revolution pure and bloodless. Dudás was sought for arrest by the students' and workers' councils.
628:, responsible for much cruelty, brutality and many political purges. László Rajk, the Communist Minister of Interior played a crucial role in organizing the State Protection Authority (ÁVH), but in 1949 he was one of its victims.
110:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
1039:
within prisons. Additionally, prior to 1953 certain camps had as their goal the eventual death of inmates due to overwork and maltreatment. In a number of cases, torture was an essential part of camp life and discipline.
549:
780:
Attacks on the ÁVH became a significant activity only as informal truces developed between the student-controlled combat organisations and the Soviet troops in
Budapest. Freed from the necessity of immediate combat, the
96:
749:, elements of the insurgents tracked down and killed both known and suspected ÁVH officers and informants. When the Revolution began, a crowd of some thousand people attacked the police headquarters in
772:), some members of the ÁVH were lynched, a fact later extensively used in party propaganda to back up the claim that the revolution was of a "fascistic, anti-Semitic and reactionary" nature.
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a number of ÁVH officers. Highly visible in photographs of this attack are the party's paybooks displayed on to the corpses, demonstrating that ÁVH soldiers received at least 10 times the
955:. Despite the forced nature of confessions, retractions at trial were not considered a danger to the process, due to the obvious threat of continued torture during a recess of the trial.
554:
1051:
947:. This was the norm of operation for the ÁVH, and was diverged from in matters of only utmost state security; for example, the illegal arrest and indefinite solitary detention of the
663:. For the purposes of this show trial, two more Jewish leaders – Dr. László Benedek and Lajos Stöckler (a leader of Hungary's Neologue Jews) – as well as two would-be "eyewitnesses" –
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761:
and to the many prisoners kept inside. Fearing for the lives of both himself and his officers, the chief of the police let the crowd into the building, allowing them to take any
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were imprisoned. To serve this purpose, more penal institutions (the prison in Vác, the transit prison, the state security prison in
Mosonyi Street) and internment camps (in
908:(MDP) directly, with little reference made to Government norms. This support was primarily through the secret gathering of intelligence, largely through a vast network of
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706:
On 8 April 1953, Károly Szabó was captured on the street and arrested without any legal procedure. His family had no news of him throughout the following six months. A
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militia planned a series of reprisals against ÁVH officers, informants, and on a few occasions against ordinary
Communist-party members caught up in the revolution.
710:
was conducted against him of which no official record is available to date. After six months of interrogation, the defendants were driven to despair and exhaustion.
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country without a formal intelligence service, since all intelligence and espionage functions were vested in the AVH, and later the
Hungarian Ministry of Interior.
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1585:
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The secret police lie twisted in the gutter the
Hungarians will not touch the corpse of an ÁVH man, not even to close the eyes or straighten the neck.
113:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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967:. In two cases, the ÁVH was given the privilege of leading an attack on undesired elements throughout Hungary. In 1948 the Roman Catholic Cardinal
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Imre Nagy's first government from 1953 to 1955 vastly improved conditions in the camps and halted the efforts to exterminate political prisoners.
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and remained so until the early post-Stalin era. On April 7, 1953, early in the morning, Miksa
Domonkos, one of the leaders of the Neologue
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for domestic and foreign intelligence purposes until the end of the Cold War. It operated with considerably more restraint than the ÁVH.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Hungarian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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for the 1956 revolutionaries, an indication of the absence of a political police. Hungary would go on to be the only
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Archived data related to the ÁVH and the Ministry of Internal Affairs III are made available through the
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József Szekeres: Saving the Ghettos of Budapest in January 1945, Pál Szalai "the Hungarian Schindler"
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During and after the siege of the Hungarian Working People's Party headquarters (in Republic Square,
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in 1953. The ÁVH was dissolved by Nagy's revolutionary government during the
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in a show trial that signified to the international communist movement that
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had not been dragged off in 1945 to the Soviet Union but was the victim of
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from 1945 to 1956. The ÁVH was conceived as an external appendage of the
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was now a threat. (László Rajk was the man who had organised the ÁVH.)
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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The ÁVH also assisted the Soviet sphere security apparatus by staging
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927:(lasting between 3 and 18 months). When the apparatus had extracted
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After Dudás' militia assaulted the building, the surrounding crowd
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became the ÁVH Headquarters. The building is now a museum called
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community in Budapest was kidnapped by ÁVH officials to extract "
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525:. The ÁVH gained a reputation for brutality during a series of
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From secret interrogations to the “Vatican” of transit prison
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While the security apparatus was operating, it supported the
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850:, and deported one student and workers to the Soviet Union.
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912:, like the system used by the Ministry for State Security (
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The idea that the "murderers of Wallenberg" were Budapest
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Public Historical Files of the Hungarian Secret Services
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1946: Hungarian State Police State Defense Department, (
872:, commemorating the victims of both political systems.
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a machine-translated version of the Hungarian article.
1118:"Historical Archives of the Hungarian State Security"
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Budapesti Főkapitányság Politikai Rendészeti Osztálya
1174:, Budapest 1997, Publisher: Budapest Archives, p. 74
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was tried and imprisoned. In 1949, the ÁVH arrested
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but was gradually reined in under the government of
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888:Kádár's victory was signalled in 1963 by a general
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Historical Archives of the Hungarian State Security
194:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
800:Protesters kicking the body of a slain ÁVH soldier
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1376:People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD)
567:This is a summary of the organisations acting as
517:in Hungary responsible for supporting the ruling
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1386:People's Commissariat for State Security (NKGB)
1069:The Hungarian Ministry of Interior created the
757:that stood on the building's roof, a symbol of
533:, a moderate reformer, after he was appointed
128:accompanying your translation by providing an
90:Click for important translation instructions.
77:expand this article with text translated from
1292:
789:Nagy and other members of his cabinet in the
671:– were arrested and interrogated by torture.
16:1945–1956 secret police of Communist Hungary
1120:. Hungarian Archives Portal. Archived from
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943:would be called in to make a ruling on the
862:left it, the building under the address 60
592:Magyar Államrendőrség Államvédelmi Osztálya
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1586:Government agencies disestablished in 1956
1299:
1285:
1031:, Kistarcsa, Tiszalök and Kazincbarcika.
652:started in Budapest in 1953 to prove that
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1616:Political repression in Communist Hungary
1532:Department of State Security (Securitate)
1381:Main Directorate of State Security (GUGB)
1184:Kenedi János: Egy kiállítás hiányzó képei
1019:and according to the latest research, in
828:Reaction of revolutionary forces to Dudás
272:Learn how and when to remove this message
254:Learn how and when to remove this message
1414:Directorate of State Security (Sigurimi)
1371:Joint State Political Directorate (OGPU)
1254:(in Hungarian), from the website of the
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332:Main Command Political Department (PRO)
1626:Defunct Hungarian intelligence agencies
1581:Government agencies established in 1945
632:1953 Wallenberg show trial preparations
579:Department of State Political Police, (
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1550:Department of National Security (OZNA)
994:
979:, who was then tried and executed for
140:{{Translated|hu|Államvédelmi Hatóság}}
1555:Directorate for State Security (UDBA)
1333:Telephone tapping in the Eastern Bloc
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1509:Ministry of Public Security (UB/MBP)
776:Persecution by József Dudás' militia
192:adding citations to reliable sources
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59:
18:
1606:Collaborators with the Soviet Union
1468:Ministry for State Security (Stasi)
601:1950: State Protection Authority, (
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1396:Committee for State Security (KGB)
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338:State Protection Department (ÁVO)
14:
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1560:Counterintelligence Service (KOS)
1432:Committee for State Security (DS)
1366:State Political Directorate (GPU)
1263:Homepage Raoul Wallenberg Asso.fr
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1052:Kistarcsa Central Internment Camp
34:This article has multiple issues.
1491:Ministry of Internal Affairs III
1486:State Protection Authority (ÁVH)
1391:Ministry of State Security (MGB)
1361:Extraordinary Commission (Cheka)
1071:Ministry of Internal Affairs III
949:Communist Party of Great Britain
906:Hungarian Working People's Party
636:ÁVH actions were not subject to
543:Ministry of Internal Affairs III
519:Hungarian Working People's Party
385:Ministry of Internal Affairs III
334:(2 February 1945 – October 1946)
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23:
741:In Hungarian Revolution of 1956
721:leader and democratic reformer
340:(October 1946 – September 1948)
179:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
1596:National security institutions
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1145:Interview with István Domonkos
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731:Stalin's anti-Zionist campaign
138:You may also add the template
1:
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880:The subsequent government of
875:
1591:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
1064:
747:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
539:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
507:People's Republic of Hungary
203:"State Protection Authority"
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1601:Hungarian People's Republic
804:A Western eyewitness said:
717:was primarily supported by
314:10 September 1948
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931:of varying quality from a
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487:State Protection Authority
285:State Protection Authority
102:Machine translation, like
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535:Prime Minister of Hungary
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363:7 November 1956
352:28 October 1956
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79:the corresponding article
1091:State Security Authority
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959:International activities
935:, the State's system of
1095:State Defense Authority
620:Between 1945 and 1952,
571:between 1945 and 1956.
149:For more guidance, see
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675:Hungary, working as a
648:". Preparations for a
626:(Államvédelmi Hatóság)
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1514:Security Service (SB)
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151:Knowledge:Translation
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1450:State Security (StB)
999:Following sentence,
846:government, General
824:of a manual worker.
603:Államvédelmi Hatóság
495:Államvédelmi Hatóság
470:Ministry of Interior
291:Államvédelmi Hatóság
188:improve this article
1343:Inner German border
1270:East Central Europe
1205:Hungarian Quarterly
1089:Also translated as
1001:political prisoners
995:Concentration camps
869:The House of Terror
763:political prisoners
719:Hungarian Communist
523:political criminals
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1252:The history of ÁVH
1210:2007-02-27 at the
1189:2007-03-02 at the
1150:2007-10-23 at the
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1460:East Germany
1353:Soviet Union
1328:Iron Curtain
1312:Eastern Bloc
1273:(in English)
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1126:. Retrieved
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404:Jurisdiction
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186:Please help
181:verification
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126:edit summary
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81:in Hungarian
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36:Please help
33:
1338:Berlin Wall
1055: [
1037:aristocracy
981:nationalism
977:László Rajk
965:show trials
929:confessions
894:Warsaw Pact
882:János Kádár
848:Pál Maléter
843:Warsaw Pact
837:Retaliation
791:White Books
745:During the
646:confessions
622:Gábor Péter
553: [
454:(1953–1956)
448:(1945–1953)
446:Gábor Péter
418:Andrássy út
372:(confirmed)
1575:Categories
1542:Yugoslavia
1237:Internment
1128:2021-10-23
1104:References
1025:Sajóbábony
989:Yugoslavia
953:Edith Bone
951:operative
910:informants
876:End of ÁVH
665:Pál Szalai
650:show trial
501:) was the
367:1956-11-07
361:(declared)
356:1956-10-28
318:1948-09-10
214:newspapers
86:(May 2013)
39:improve it
1065:Successor
1021:Bernátkút
1005:Kistarcsa
916:) in the
759:communism
723:Ernő Gerő
677:physician
614:Imre Nagy
531:Imre Nagy
491:Hungarian
431:Employees
349:Dissolved
144:talk page
45:talk page
1424:Bulgaria
1208:Archived
1187:Archived
1148:Archived
1048:See also
1013:Tiszalök
945:sentence
933:prisoner
755:red star
751:Budapest
715:Zionists
661:Zionists
577:Budapest
425:Budapest
120:provide
1524:Romania
1478:Hungary
1406:Albania
985:Titoism
975:member
925:torture
890:amnesty
818:lynched
685:Antwerp
563:History
505:of the
408:Hungary
365: (
354: (
316: (
228:scholar
142:to the
124:in the
83:.
1501:Poland
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941:courts
900:Duties
699:&
681:Vienna
642:Jewish
575:1945:
527:purges
311:Formed
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1323:Gulag
1077:Notes
1059:]
1029:Recsk
1009:Recsk
914:Stasi
822:wages
701:Genoa
697:Turin
693:Milan
689:Ghent
557:]
235:JSTOR
221:books
104:DeepL
1168:ISBN
1093:and
1023:and
983:and
939:and
667:and
485:The
394:Type
207:news
118:must
116:You
97:View
679:in
607:ÁVH
596:ÁVO
585:PRO
515:KGB
513:'s
499:ÁVH
421:60.
190:by
106:or
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1137:^
1057:hu
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