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deny him access. By this point, Hagen had given up the Quota films which had been his main supply of revenue. His break with the
Hollywood Studios also removed their previous support for his films being distributed in Britain and his own distribution company had been unable to achieve this. He was unable to secure the sort of reliable bookings from the domestic market which the larger British studios such as
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The collapse of
Twickenham Studios are generally blamed on the failure of Hagen to secure adequate distribution for his films. Hagen's new business plan relied on his films getting wide circulation in the lucrative American market. However, the major Hollywood Studios used a variety of techniques to
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Hagen's collapse was part of a wider deterioration in the film industry in 1937 as other producers, including
Alexander Korda, encountered similar problems and the number of films produced fell dramatically. Hagen effectively retired from the industry with the collapse of his control of Twickenham
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exonerated the studio of any blame. During these years Hagen managed to perfect efficient mass production of films despite the limitations of only having one shooting stage. Hagen eventually tried to remedy the lack of space by rebuilding
Twickenham, and by purchasing additional studios in
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Hagen gradually began to gain commissions from
British distributors who needed cheap films to help them comply with the quota. He founded the Strand Film Company in 1928 and in December that year secured the lease on Twickenham Studios. Working from Twickenham, Hagen soon established a
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but emigrated to
Britain when he was still a child. He began his entertainment career as a stage actor, but in 1913 moved into the film industry and worked for several years as a film salesman. By 1917, he was a partner in a film distribution company, but this went bankrupt in 1919.
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For the next few years, Hagen returned to selling films around the country and built up a reputation as an effective salesmen, enjoying success with films that were considered difficult to sell. He was then given a job as production manager with
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and it soon became established that the low-budget films would be screened as a prelude to the more expensive main features produced by major studios. They were commonly labelled "Quota
Quickies", and can be considered equivalent to the
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and by 1933 Twickenham's output had reached 20 films a year. Hagen introduced a policy of round the clock filming, which meant that separate crews worked in the day and night on different films. In 1930, one of the extras working on
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for distributors and exhibitors, who had to show a fixed minimum percentage of
British films each year. It meant that cinemas now required an urgent increase in the availability of British films and began by producing
462:. The announcement generally caught the film world and financial markets by surprise as Hagen's empire had appeared to be doing well. Hagen attempted to persuade his creditors to allow him to go into
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Hagen steadily built his business up during the early years of sound. His major breakthrough as a producer came in 1929 when he secured a contract with one of the
Hollywood Majors,
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In 1936, Hagen's output fell to eleven films because he had decided to switch to a programme of making quality over quantity. His strategy involved employing
British stage and
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and ended his relationship with the Hollywood Studios. He created his own distribution company in an attempt to gain more control over his product's access to cinemas.
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enjoyed. Without free access to either the British or American market, some of Hagen's expensive productions had barely been able to gain a return on their costs.
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stars, as well as employing leading American or European directors and actors to work on his films. In 1935, Hagen brought over
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of actors and technicians to work on his films. He kept an eye to the international market, and imported overseas stars such as
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refused to accept the proposal. This ended Hagen's plan of setting up a new company at Twickenham to continue making films.
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In the wake of the success of his films for Warner Brothers, Hagen began receiving contracts from other Hollywood Studios
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was one of the most prolific directors, and also played a part in production and the overall running of the studio.
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which was designed to protect British filmmaking from foreign competition. It imposed a
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to appear in his films. He also arranged for co-productions including the Anglo-French
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The Unknown 1930s: An Alternative History of the British Cinema, 1929–1939
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From 1933, Hagen began making a greater number of quality films including
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and became one of the most prolific and successful producers of
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On 8 January 1937, Hagen's Twickenham companies went into
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Hagen also directed a film, the 1928 adaptation of an
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Shepperton Babylon: The Lost Worlds of British Cinema
450:appeared in Twickenham films during the Hagen era.
1294:Quota Quickies: The Birth of the British 'B' film
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269:Hagen employed former silent directors such as
403:In April 1935, Hagen made his last quota film
178:The Further Adventures of the Flag Lieutenant
163:, one of the biggest hits of 1926, starring
145:, one of the leading British Studios, whose
91:Hagen originally worked as a salesman for
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95:. He then worked his way up to become a
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1206:. London: Methuen/BFI. p. 279.
486:Studios. He died in February 1940.
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823:The Man Who Changed His Name
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1310:. Faber and Faber, 2005.
253:. The sudden arrival of
121:The Passing of Mr. Quinn
647:Murder at Covent Garden
503:The Passing of Mr. Quin
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228:The Passing of Mr. Quin
218:Cinematograph Films Act
1355:English film directors
1350:English film producers
1103:Death Croons the Blues
935:Annie, Leave the Room!
767:His Grace Gives Notice
623:The Face at the Window
376:with the German actor
1119:Underneath the Arches
1111:Clothes and the Woman
1087:The Man in the Mirror
1007:Anything Might Happen
607:In a Monastery Garden
567:Splinters in the Navy
559:The Sleeping Cardinal
464:Voluntary liquidation
440:Edward Everett Horton
157:where he co-produced
1165:Richards, p. 138–139
1127:Beauty and the Barge
927:She Shall Have Music
863:The Night Club Queen
815:The Admiral's Secret
490:Selected filmography
424:to London to remake
318:Fox Film Corporation
171:Independent producer
959:D'Ye Ken John Peel?
951:The Rocks of Valpre
911:Say It with Flowers
434:. Actors including
160:The Flag Lieutenant
1261:Richards, p. 50–51
1234:Richards, p. 44–45
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903:Whispering Tongues
879:Kentucky Minstrels
791:A Shot in the Dark
775:This Week of Grace
615:A Safe Proposition
543:Chin Chin Chinaman
383:This Week of Grace
214:British Parliament
203:Twickenham Studios
183:Twickenham Studios
132:Hagen was born in
105:Twickenham Studios
97:production manager
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1095:The Vicar of Bray
983:The Ace of Spades
895:Lily of Killarney
847:The Broken Melody
783:The Wandering Jew
599:The Marriage Bond
527:At the Villa Rose
373:The Wandering Jew
291:Leslie S. Hiscott
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759:I Lived with You
719:Home, Sweet Home
703:The Ghost Camera
679:The Medicine Man
631:The Crooked Lady
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1340:1884 births
1047:In the Soup
1015:Street Song
839:Bella Donna
727:Called Back
655:Once Bitten
591:Frail Women
575:Brown Sugar
511:The Feather
346:Merton Park
216:passed the
151:Cricklewood
147:main studio
101:silent film
1334:Categories
1144:References
1063:Juggernaut
871:Music Hall
807:Flood Tide
735:The Shadow
436:Lupe Vélez
432:John Brahm
418:music hall
128:Early life
799:Mannequin
411:Universal
187:Middlesex
79:1913–1937
671:The Roof
496:Producer
454:Collapse
192:The Fake
919:The Lad
350:Elstree
341:Inquest
264:B movie
134:Hamburg
53:Hamburg
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866:(1934)
858:(1934)
850:(1934)
842:(1934)
834:(1934)
826:(1934)
818:(1934)
810:(1934)
802:(1933)
794:(1933)
786:(1933)
778:(1933)
770:(1933)
762:(1933)
754:(1933)
746:(1933)
738:(1933)
730:(1933)
722:(1933)
714:(1933)
706:(1933)
698:(1933)
690:(1933)
682:(1933)
674:(1933)
666:(1933)
658:(1932)
650:(1932)
642:(1932)
634:(1932)
626:(1932)
618:(1932)
610:(1932)
602:(1932)
594:(1932)
586:(1932)
578:(1931)
570:(1931)
562:(1931)
554:(1931)
546:(1931)
538:(1931)
530:(1930)
522:(1929)
514:(1929)
506:(1928)
118:novel
366:with
255:sound
231:, an
222:quota
1325:IMDb
478:and
446:and
409:for
380:and
348:and
328:and
309:and
297:Boom
285:and
277:and
67:1940
64:Died
49:1884
42:Born
1323:at
326:RKO
322:MGM
185:in
1336::
442:,
438:,
352:.
324:,
320:,
313:.
273:,
266:.
167:.
124:.
55:,
20:)
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