Strauss–Howe generational theory

639:. This work discussed the personality of the Millennial Generation, whose oldest members were described as the high school graduating class of the year 2000. In the 2000 book, Strauss and Howe asserted that Millennial teens and young adults were recasting the image of youth from "downbeat and alienated to upbeat and engaged", crediting increased parental attention and protection for these positive changes. They asserted Millennials are held to higher standards than adults apply to themselves and that they are much less vulgar and violent than the teen culture older people produce for them. They described them as less sexually charged and as ushering in a new sexual modesty, with an increasing belief that sex should be saved for marriage and a return to conservative family values. The authors predicted that over the following decade, Millennials would transform what it means to be young, and could emerge as the next "Great Generation". The work was described as an optimistic, feel-good book for the parents of the Millennial Generation, predominantly the Baby Boomers. A 2000 2971:

generations. They prefer to tell history as a seamless row of 55-year-old leaders who always tend to think and behave the same way -- but they don't and they never have. If you look at the way America's 55-year-old leaders were acting in the 1960s -- you know, the ebullience and confidence of the JFKs and LBJs and Hubert Humphreys -- and compare them with today's leaders in Congress -- the indecision, the lack of sure-footedness -- I think you would have to agree that 55-year-olds do not always act the same way and you're dealing with powerful generational forces at work that explain why one generation of war veterans, war heroes, and another generation which came of age in very different circumstances tend to have very different instincts about acting in the world."

3070:. He wrote "as the authors (Strauss and Howe) relentlessly attack the iniquitous 'child-abusive culture' of the 1960s and '70s and exult in heaping insult after insult on their own generation -- they caricature Baby Boomers as countercultural, long-haired, sex-obsessed hedonists -- their real agenda begins to surface. That agenda becomes clear in part of their wish list for how the 13th generation may influence the future: "13ers will reverse the frenzied and centrifugal cultural directions of their younger years. They will clean up entertainment, de-diversify the culture, reinvent core symbols of national unity, reaffirm rituals of family and neighborhood bonding, and re-erect barriers to cushion communities from unwanted upheaval." 1411: 1629: 1988: 3131:" is a term coined by Strauss and Howe. Brooks wrote: "This is not a good book, if by good you mean the kind of book in which the authors have rigorously sifted the evidence and carefully supported their assertions with data. But it is a very good bad book. It's stuffed with interesting nuggets. It's brightly written. And if you get away from the generational mumbo jumbo, it illuminates changes that really do seem to be taking place." Further, Brooks wrote that the generations aren't treated equally: "Basically, it sounds as if America has two greatest generations at either end of the age scale and two crummiest in the middle". 3079:, Jim Cormier reviewed the same book: "self-described boomers Howe and Strauss add no profound layer of analysis to previous pop press observations. But in cobbling together a more extensive overview of the problems and concerns of the group they call the 13ers, they've created a valuable primer for other fogeys who are feeling seriously out of touch." Cormier wrote that the authors "raised as many new questions as answers about the generation that doesn't want to be a generation. But at least they've made an honest, empathetic, and good-humoured effort to bridge the bitter gap between the twentysomethings and fortysomethings." 484:, "kooky", and "an elaborate historical horoscope that will never withstand scholarly scrutiny". Academic criticism has focused on the lack of rigorous empirical evidence for their claims, as well as the authors' view that generational groupings are more powerful than other social groupings, such as economic class, race, sex, religion, and political parties. However, Strauss and Howe later suggested that there are no exact generational boundaries — the speed of their development cannot be predicted. The authors also compared the cycles with the seasons, which may come sooner or later, which turned out to be right. 2983:

interested in the little pieces now. They're looking for a unifying vision. We haven't had unifying visions of the story of America for decades now, and we're trying to provide it in this book. The kinds of historians who are drawn to our book -- and I'm sure it will be very controversial among academics because we are presenting something that is so new -- but the kinds who are drawn to it are the ones who themselves have focused on the human life cycle rather than just the sequential series of events. Some good examples of that are Morton Keller up at Brandeis and

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lack of academic standing won't help their cause. Their generational quartet is "just too wooden" and "too neat," says one Yale historian. "Prediction is for prophets," scoffed William McLoughlin (a former history professor at Brown), who said it is wrong to think that "if you put enough data together and have enough charts and graphs, you've made history into a science." He also said the book might get a friendlier reception in the sociology and political science departments than in the science department.

1051:. They say the generations in each archetype not only share a similar age-location in history, but they also share some basic attitudes towards family, risk, culture and values, and civic engagement. In essence, generations shaped by similar early-life experiences develop similar collective personas and follow similar life trajectories. To date, Strauss and Howe have described 25 generations in Anglo-American history, each with a corresponding archetype. The authors describe the archetypes as follows: 1129: 1811: 3012:"a provocative and immensely entertaining outline of American history, Strauss and Howe have taken a gamble". "If the United States calmly makes it to 2015, their work will end up in the ashcan of history, but if they are right, they will take their place among the great American prophets." Kaiser has since argued that Strauss and Howe's predictions of coming crisis seems to have occurred, citing events such as 9/11, the 2008 financial crisis, and the recent political gridlock. 572: 549: 10285: 11982: 10998: 884:. The mood of this era they say is in many ways the opposite of a high: Institutions are weak and distrusted, while individualism is strong and flourishing. The authors say highs come after crises when society wants to coalesce and build and avoid the death and destruction of the previous crisis. Unravelings come after awakenings when society wants to atomize and enjoy. They say the most recent unraveling in the US began in the 1980s and includes the 919:(which they call a hero archetype, born 1901 to 1924) came of age during this era. They say their confidence, optimism, and collective outlook epitomized the mood of that era. The authors assert the millennial generation (which they also describe as a hero archetype, born 1982 to 2005) shows many similar traits to those of the G.I. youth, which they describe as including rising civic engagement, improving behavior, and collective confidence. 90: 1185:, a time when great dangers cut down social and political complexity in favor of public consensus, aggressive institutions, and an ethic of personal sacrifice. Artists grow up overprotected by adults preoccupied with the Crisis, come of age as the socialized and conformist young adults of a post-Crisis world, break out as process-oriented midlife leaders during an Awakening, and age into thoughtful post-Awakening elders. Examples: 279: 147: 1060: 217: 49: 11992: 3388:. This marked the end of a first turning and the beginning of a second turning. This is why turning start and end dates don't match up exactly with the generational birth years, but they tend to start and end a few years after the generational year spans. This also explains why a generation is described to have "entered childhood" during a particular turning, rather than "born during" a particular turning. 725:"focused on the key aspect of their theory, the idea that every 80 years of American history has been marked by a crisis, or 'fourth turning', that destroyed an old order and created a new one". Kaiser said Bannon is "very familiar with Strauss and Howe's theory of crisis, and has been thinking about how to use it to achieve particular goals for quite a while." A February 2017 article from 869:. This is an era when institutions are attacked in the name of personal and spiritual autonomy. Just when society is reaching its high tide of public progress, people suddenly tire of social discipline and want to recapture a sense of "self-awareness", "spirituality" and "personal authenticity". Young activists look back at the previous High as an era of cultural and spiritual poverty. 1969:. "Lost" in this context also means "disoriented, wandering, directionless"—a recognition that there was great confusion and aimlessness among the war's survivors in the early post-war years. Strauss and Howe define the cohort as individuals born between 1883 and 1900. This generation is fully ancestral, with the last known member of the lost generation, the Japanese 2894:, Martin Keller a professor of history at Brandeis University, said that the authors "had done their homework". He said that their theory could be seen as pop sociology and that it would "come in for a lot more criticism as history. But it's almost always true that the broader you cast your net, the more holes it's going to have. And I admire boldness." Sociologist 2162:

technology in recent decades are shortening the length of a generation. According to Strauss and Howe, however, this is not the case. As long as the transition to adulthood occurs around age 21, the transition to midlife around age 43, and the transition to old age around age 65, they say the basic length of both generations and turnings will remain the same.

904:. This is an era of destruction, often involving war or revolution, in which institutional life is destroyed and rebuilt in response to a perceived threat to the nation's survival. After the crisis, civic authority revives, cultural expression redirects toward community purpose, and people begin to locate themselves as members of a larger group. 608:, which was published while Gen Xers were teenagers and young adults. The book examines the generation born between 1961 and 1981, "Gen-Xers" (which they called "13ers", describing them as the thirteenth generation since the US became a nation). The book asserts that 13ers' location in history as under-protected children during the 592:

discussed historical analogs to the current generations. They ultimately described a recurring pattern in the Anglo-American history of four generational types, each with a distinct collective persona, and a corresponding cycle of four different types of era, each with a distinct mood. The groundwork for this theory was laid out in

1158:, a time of individual pragmatism, self-reliance, and laissez-faire. Heroes grow up as increasingly protected post-Awakening children, come of age as team-oriented young optimists during a Crisis, emerge as energetic, overly confident mid-lifers, and age into politically powerful elders attacked by another Awakening. Examples: 9754: 1077:, a time of rejuvenated community life and consensus around a new societal order. Prophets grow up as the increasingly indulged children of this post-Crisis era, come of age as self-absorbed young crusaders of an Awakening, focus on morals and principles in midlife, and emerge as elders guiding another Crisis. Examples: 417:. According to the theory, historical events are associated with recurring generational personas (archetypes). Each generational persona unleashes a new era (called a turning) lasting around 21 years, in which a new social, political, and economic climate (mood) exists. They are part of a larger cyclical " 3383:

Strauss and Howe base the turning start and end dates not on the generational birth year span, but when the prior generation is entering adulthood. A generation "coming of age" is signaled by a "triggering event" that marks the turning point and the ending of one turning and the beginning of the new.

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two journalists commented on the theory saying: "it is too vague to be proven wrong, and has not been taken seriously by most professional historians. But it is superficially compelling, and plots out to some degree how America's history has unfolded since its founding". In an April 2017 article from

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is best read as the work of two top-level historians. While its agenda is the 13th generation, it can also be seen as an incredibly well-written and exhaustive history of America from 1960 to 1981--examining the era through everything except the traditional historical subjects (war, politics, famine,

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People are looking for a new way to connect themselves to the larger story of America. That is the problem. We've felt adrift over the past 10 years, and we think that the way history has been presented over the past couple of decades has been more in terms of the little pieces and people are not as

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and others have long argued." But he complained, "The generational boundaries are plainly arbitrary. The authors lump together everyone born from 1943 through the end of 1960 (Baby Boomers), a group whose two extremes have little in common. And the predictions are facile and reckless." He concluded:

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In describing this cycle of Crises and Awakenings, they draw from the work of other historians and social scientists who have also discussed long cycles in American and European history, which have grown to show a trend of economic downturns the more a society has industrialised. The cycle of Crises

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During Crises, great peril provokes a societal consensus, an ethic of personal sacrifice, and strong institutional order. During Awakenings, an ethic of individualism emerges, and the institutional order is attacked by new social ideals and spiritual agendas. According to the authors, about every 85

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Each of the four turnings has a distinct mood that recurs every saeculum. Strauss and Howe describe these turnings as the "seasons of history". At one extreme is the Awakening, which is analogous to summer, and at the other extreme is the Crisis, which is analogous to winter. The turnings in between

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They wondered why Boomers and G.I.s had developed such different ways of looking at the world, and what it was about these generations' experiences growing up that prompted their different outlooks. They also wondered whether any previous generations had acted along similar lines, and their research

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was a "provocative, erudite and engaging analysis of the rhythms of American life". However, he believed it was also "an elaborate historical horoscope that will never withstand scholarly scrutiny." He continued, "these sequential 'peer personalities' are often silly, but the book provides reams of

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Strauss and Howe describe the history of the U.S. as a succession of Anglo-American generational biographies from 1433 to the present, and theorized a recurring generational cycle in American history. The authors posit a pattern of four repeating phases, generational types, and a recurring cycle of

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In the mid-1990s, Strauss and Howe began receiving inquiries about how their research could be applied to strategic problems in organizations. They established themselves as pioneers in a growing field and started speaking frequently about their work at events and conferences. In 1999, they founded

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According to Strauss and Howe their generational types have appeared in Anglo-American history in a fixed order for more than 500 years with one hitch, occurring in the Civil War saeculum. They say the reason for this is because according to the chart, the Civil War came about ten years too early;

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is guaranteed to attract pop history and pop social science buffs. Among professional historians, it faces a tougher sell. Period specialists will resist the idea that their period is akin to several others. Sweeping theories of history are long out of fashion in the halls of ivy, and the authors'

677:. Neil Howe continues to expand LifeCourse Associates and to write books and articles on a variety of generational topics. Each year Howe gives about 60 speeches, often followed by customized workshops, at colleges, elementary schools, and corporations. Neil Howe is a public policy adviser to the 479:

the most stimulating book on American history he had ever read, and even sent a copy to each member of Congress. The theory has been influential in the fields of generational studies, marketing, and business management literature. However, the theory has also been described by some historians and

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Research and expert opinion do not fully support the generational premise. For example, two Duke University sociologists have found that the three assumptions behind the premise are not always supported by a body of research (Hughes & O'Rand, 2005)...According to an independent review of the

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cited the case of Millennials, writing in 2009 that "commentators have tended to slap the Millennial label on white, affluent teenagers who accomplish great things as they grow up in the suburbs, who confront anxiety when applying to super-selective colleges, and who multitask with ease as their

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One criticism of Strauss and Howe's theory and generational studies is that conclusions are overly broad and do not reflect the reality of every person in each generation regardless of their race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, disability, or genetic information. For example, Hoover

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as a "good-news revolution" making "sweeping predictions" and describing Millennials as "rule followers who were engaged, optimistic, and downright pleasant", commenting the "book gave educators and tens of millions of parents, a warm feeling, saying who wouldn't want to hear that their kids are

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was born between 1674 and 1700 and was of the artist archetype. They grew up as protected children when families were close, youth risk discouraged, and good educations and well-connected marriages highly prized. As adults, they provided America's first large cadre of credentialed professionals,

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In 2016 an article was published that explains the differences in generations, observed with the employer's position, through the development of working conditions, initiated by the employer. This development is due to the competition of firms on the job market for receiving more highly skilled

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for not talking more about class, race, and sex, to which Neil Howe replied that they "are probably generalizations not even as effective as a generation to say something about how people think and behave. One of the things to understand is that most historians never look at history in terms of

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the most stimulating book on American history he'd ever read. He even sent a copy to each member of Congress. The theory has been influential in the fields of generational studies, marketing, and business management literature. However, it has also been criticized by several historians and some

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of biology, where basic intervals endure but precise timing is difficult to predict. Strauss and Howe compare the saecular rhythm to the four seasons, which they say similarly occur in the same order, but with slightly varying timing. Just as winter may come sooner or later, and be more or less

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and extended their cycles back into the early 15th century. The authors also updated their terminology for generational archetypes (e.g. "Civics" became "Heroes", which they applied to the Millennial Generation, "Adaptives" became "Artists"), and introduced the terms "Turning" and "Saeculum" to

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In response to criticism that they stereotype or generalize all members of a generation, the authors have said, "We've never tried to say that any individual generation is going to be monochromatic. It'll obviously include all kinds of people. But as you look at generations as social units, we

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At the heart of Strauss and Howe's ideas is a basic alternation between two different types of eras, Crises and Awakenings. Both of these are defining eras in which people observe that historic events are radically altering their social environment. Crises are periods marked by major secular

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Strauss and Howe argue that the basic length of both generations and turnings—approximately 21 years—derives from longstanding socially and biologically determined phases of life. This is the reason it has remained relatively constant over centuries. Some have argued that rapid increases in

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LifeCourse Associates, a publishing, speaking, and consulting company built on their generational theory. They have also written six books in which they assert that the Millennial Generation is transforming various sectors, including schools, colleges, entertainment, and the workplace.

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the adult generations allowed the worst aspects of their generational personalities to come through; and the Progressives grew up scarred rather than ennobled. As a result, there is no hero generation in this Cycle, although some alternative versions of the theory do include one.

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was born from 1618 to 1647 and was of the nomad archetype. Members of this generation grew up in an era of religious upheaval and family collapse. Their generation was notoriously violent and uneducated, causing men to take great risks, and resulting in many young deaths.

9048: 11134: 3421:, but later adopted "generation X" when it became the more widely accepted term for the cohort. The generation is so numbered because it is the thirteenth generation alive since American independence (counting back until Benjamin Franklin's awakening generation). 3195:, or who lack technological know-how. Or who struggle to complete high school. Or who never even consider college. Or who commit crimes. Or who suffer from too little parental support. Or who drop out of college. Aren't they Millennials too?" In their 2000 book 3908:

literature, there were no major published academic articles on the generation gap in the United States in the 1990s (Smith, 2000), and a search by this author of academic journals in the past five years did not locate articles supporting generational concepts.

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hover reassuringly above them. The label tends not to appear in renderings of teenagers who happen to be minorities, poor, or who have never won a spelling bee. Nor does the term often refer to students from big cities and small towns that are nothing like

3245:, has criticized the theory, stating that it is not a scientific theory and that it is more akin to a prophecy since it "forces the historical record to fit a postulated cycle by stretching in some places and cutting off a bit here and there in others". 10489: 1230:

A generation is considered "dominant" or "recessive" according to the turning experienced as young adults. But as a youth generation comes of age and defines its collective persona an opposing generational archetype is in its midlife peak of power.

771:: they encounter key historical events and social trends while occupying the same phase of life. In this view, members of a generation are shaped in lasting ways by the eras they encounter as children and young adults and they share certain common 1615:

was born between 1701 and 1723 and was of the prophet archetype. They were the first colonial generation to consist mostly of the offspring of native-born parents. As adults, they attacked their elders' moral complacency in a spiritual firestorm.

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offered strong, if qualified, praise. Riesman found in the work an "impressive grasp of a great many theoretical and historical bits and pieces" and Neustadt said Strauss and Howe "are asking damned important questions, and I honor them."

2987:. These are people who have noticed the power in not just generations, but the shifts that have happened over time in the way Americans have treated children and older people and have tried to link that to the broader currents of history. 487:

The theory of generations is actively studied and modified by the world's leading research centers, for example, such as the international American consulting company McKinsey & Company or the Australian McCrindle Research Center.

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was born between 1541 and 1565 and is of the hero archetype. They benefited as children from explosive growth in academies intended to transform them into perfect people of civic achievement and teamwork. They came to age during the

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are transitional seasons, the High and the Unraveling are similar to spring and autumn, respectively. Strauss and Howe have discussed 26 theorized turnings over 7 saecula in Anglo-American history, from the year 1433 through today.

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said "Generational images are stereotypes. There are some differences that stand out, but there are more similarities between students of the past and the present. But if you wrote a book saying that, how interesting would it be?"

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relationship exists between historical events and generational personas. Historical events shape generations in childhood and young adulthood; then, as parents and leaders in midlife and old age, generations in turn shape history.

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era". They were an idealist generation and as young adults, their leaders were famous preachers. Some were graduates of newly formed black and women's colleges. Their defining characteristics were missionary and social crusades:

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The Strauss and Howe retelling of history through a generational lens has received mixed reviews. Many reviewers have praised the authors for their ambition, erudition, and accessibility. For example, former U.S. Vice President

4752:. David C. Douglas, Dorothy Whitelock, George William Greenaway, A. R. Myers, Harry Rothwell, C. H. Williams, Andrew Browning, David Wayne Horn, E. Anthony Smith, Mary Ransome, A. Aspinall, G. M. Young, W. D. Handcock. London. 1495:

was born between 1566 and 1587 and is of the artist archetype. Their childhoods took place during an era of foreign threats and war. They built impeccable credentials in law, scholarship, religion, and arts and crafts guilds.

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helped popularize the idea that people in a particular age group tend to share a distinct set of beliefs, attitudes, values, and behaviors because they all grow up and come of age during a particular period in history.

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that they make their case "convincingly," with "intriguing analysis of popular culture" but conceded that it "over-generalizes". Gomez argued that it is "hard to resist its hopeful vision for our children and future."

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was born between 1767 and 1791 and was of the artist archetype. They "rocked in the cradle of the Revolution" as they watched brave adults struggle and triumph. Notable persons affiliated with this generation include

961:). Awakenings are periods marked by cultural or religious renewal when society focuses on changing the inner world of values and private behavior (the last American Awakening was the "Consciousness Revolution" of the 9721: 653:

as "we boomers are raising a cohort of kids who are smarter, more industrious and better behaved than any generation before", saying the book complimented the Baby Boomer cohort by way of their parenting skills.

1104:, a time of social ideals and spiritual agendas when young adults are passionately attacking the established institutional order. Nomads grow up as under-protected children during this Awakening, come of age as 10484: 1552:

was born from 1648 to 1673 and was of the hero archetype. They had a protected childhood with tax-supported schools and new laws discouraging the kidnapping of young servants. After proving their worth in the

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Strauss and Howe say the U.S.'s most recent awakening was the "consciousness revolution", which spanned from the campus and inner-city revolts of the mid-1960s to the tax revolts of the early 1980s.

1561:, they were rewarded with an electoral office at a young age. As young adults, they took pride in the growing political, commercial, and scientific achievements of England. They designed insurance, 4317: 10640: 10280: 1943:, and reaffirmed America's highest ideals during a transformative era in world history. This generation is fully ancestral, with the last known member of the missionary generation, the American 9749: 3434:, has become the most widely-accepted name for this generation. Other names used in reference to it include generation Y (as it is the generation following generation X) and the net generation. 969:

years—the length of a long human life—a national Crisis occurs in American society. Roughly halfway to the next Crisis, a cultural Awakening occurs (historically, these have often been called

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institutions are strong and individualism is weak. Society is confident about where it wants to go collectively, though those outside the majoritarian center often feel stifled by conformity.

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report commented Howe and Strauss based these core traits on a "hodgepodge of anecdotes, statistics, and pop-culture references" and on surveys of approximately 600 high-school seniors from

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children of immigrants in the United States, "who face daunting challenges." They wrote "one-third have no health insurance, live below the poverty line and live in overcrowded housing".

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have made cases for the existence of rhythms and waves in the stream of events, cyclical theories tend to end up in the Sargasso Sea of pseudoscience, circling endlessly (what else?).

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Strauss and Howe offered this youth generation "a relatively neutral definition as the 13th American generation from the Founding Fathers,". According to Alexander Ferron's review in

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Academic response to the theory has been mixed, with some applauding Strauss and Howe for their "bold and imaginative thesis", while others have criticized the theory as being overly

2942:"However fun and informative, the truth about generational generalizations is that they're generally unsatisfactory." Arthur E. Levine, a former president of the Teachers College of 11129: 10798: 9851: 9484: 9043: 9766: 11283: 11259: 11227: 11117: 536:. The authors' interest in generations as a broader topic emerged after they met in Washington, D.C., and began discussing the connections between each of their previous works. 666:

describe the generational cycles. The title is a reference to what their first book called a Crisis period, which they expected to recur soon after the turn of the millennium.

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and their British antecedents. However, the authors have also examined generational trends elsewhere in the world and described similar cycles in several developed countries.

452:(1997), the authors expanded the theory to focus on a fourfold cycle of generational types and recurring mood eras to describe the history of the United States, including the 822:, Strauss and Howe described a theorized pattern in the historical generations they examined, which they say revolved around generational events which they call turnings. In 9870: 9467: 830:, they describe a four-stage cycle of social or mood eras which they call "turnings". The turnings include: "the high", "the awakening", "the unraveling", and "the crisis". 2951:

consider it to be at least as powerful and, in our view, far more powerful than other social groupings such as economic class, race, sex, religion, and political parties."

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was born from 1860 to 1882 and is of the prophet/idealist archetype. Members of the missionary generation have been described as the "home-and-hearth children of the post-

10599: 9176: 1350:. The education produced by the humanist generation has been described as focused on the qualitative and the subjective, rather than the quantitative and the objective. 500:, which discusses the history of the United States as a succession of generational biographies. Each had written on generational topics: Strauss on Baby Boomers and the 940:. As each generation ages into the next life phase (and a new social role) society's mood and behavior fundamentally change, giving rise to a new turning. Therefore, a 11512: 9031: 1927:, the leadership of the missionary generation lasted longer than previous generations and in the 1930s and 1940s, their elite became the "wise old men" who enacted a " 1393:

was also born into this generation, but as he died at only 15 years old, it is difficult to properly place him in this archetype. However, according to the historian

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explains their pragmatic attitude. They describe Gen Xers as growing up during a time when society was less focused on children and more focused on adults and their

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amid religious frenzy and widespread erosion of social authority—and came of age in a cynical, post-Awakening era of cut-throat politics and roller-coaster markets.

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Strauss and Howe's theory provided historical information regarding living in past generations and made various predictions. Many of their predictions regarded the

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upheaval, when society focuses on reorganizing the outer world of institutions and public behavior (they say the last American Crisis was the period spanning the

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titled: "Steve Bannon's obsession with a dark theory of history should be worrisome", commented: "Bannon seems to be trying to bring about the 'Fourth Turning'."

11540: 10263: 11335: 9448: 9299: 9282: 11832: 10398: 3039:"; "most of the authors' predictions about the American future turn out to be as vague as those of fortune cookies". Lind said that the theory is essential " 1248:

Hero (civic): Crisis as young adults. Crisis, defined: Institutional life is destroyed and rebuilt in response to a perceived threat to the nation's survival

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According to Strauss and Howe, those who constituted this generation had a sheltered childhood during a bloody civil war and were educated abroad, becoming

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The authors say two different types of eras and two formative age locations associated with them (childhood and young adulthood) produce four generational

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generation was born between 1483 and 1511 and is of the prophet archetype. This generation rebelled as youths, prompting the first colleges in the 1520s.

11310: 10837: 10448: 10324: 8526: 4325: 2169:, however, Strauss and Howe say that the precise boundaries of generations and turnings are erratic. The generational rhythm is not like certain simple, 180: 9889: 9834: 5240: 343: 300: 293: 9906: 11826: 10114: 9894: 1834:, declining college enrollment, and economic disputes. This led to a distrust of zealotry and institutional involvement, shifting focus to a life of 315: 5176: 11838: 11315: 11208: 11171: 10972: 9761: 4095: 3052:

in 2017, Pulitzer-winning journalist Jeremy Peters wrote that "many academic historians dismiss the book as about as scientific as astrology or a

11151: 10886: 8107: 1660:(hero archetype) was born between 1742 and 1766. This generation is known for participating in several global revolutionary movements during the 11470: 1256:

Nomad (reactive): Unraveling as young adults. Unraveling, defined: Institutions are weak and distrusted, individualism is strong and flourishing

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between Baby Boomers and their parents and predicted there would be no such gap between Millennials and their elders. In 2000, they published

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The authors describe each turning as lasting circa 21 years. Four turnings make up a full cycle of circa 85 years, which the authors term a

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ascribes seven "core traits" to Millennials: special, sheltered, confident, team-oriented, conventional, pressured, and achieving. A 2009,

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Responding to criticisms in 1991, William Strauss accepted that some historians might not like their theory, which they presented as a new

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Prophet (idealist): Awakening as young adults. Awakening, defined: Institutions are attacked in the name of personal and spiritual autonomy

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is a prominent proponent of the theory. As a documentary filmmaker, Bannon discussed the details of Strauss–Howe generational theory in

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Jones, Gary L. (Fall 1992). "Strauss, William and Neil Howe 'Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584–2069' (Book Review)".

1108:, post-Awakening young adults, become pragmatic midlife leaders during a Crisis, and age into resilient post-Crisis elders. Examples: 623:

generation, a cohort consisting at the time of young children, and therefore these predictions lacked significant historical data. In

11249: 11244: 10939: 9609: 7153: 7094: 3179: 1645: 1636:

Strauss and Howe define the liberty generation (nomad archetype) as those born between 1724 and 1741. The first two U.S. Presidents,

311: 110: 68: 11141: 8872: 4182: 11962: 10549: 10248: 8751: 7621: 5703: 775:. Aware of the experiences and traits that they share with their peers, members of a generation would also share a sense of common 10803: 1826:(nomad archetype) as those born from 1822 to 1842. They came of age amid rising national tempers, torrential immigration, rampant 11703: 11178: 10685: 10520: 10334: 10258: 9846: 8947: 7058: 6027: 3174:

that stated "the emphasis on generational differences is not generally borne out by empirical research, despite its popularity".

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was born between 1433 and 1460 and is of the hero archetype. Members of the generation grew up during England's retreat from the

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recurs in American history after every saeculum, which is followed by a recovery (high). During this recovery, institutions and

11602: 11288: 11276: 11264: 11232: 11146: 11122: 11090: 11078: 10779: 10761: 10712: 10366: 9654: 8957: 7940: 5939:

Millennials Go to College: Strategies for a New Generation on Campus: Recruiting and Admissions, Campus Life, and the Classroom

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They based their definition of a generation on the work of various writers and social thinkers, from ancient writers such as

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values are strong. Ultimately, succeeding generational archetypes attack and weaken institutions in the name of autonomy and

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The idea that history moves in cycles tends to be viewed with suspicion by scholars. Although historians as respected as

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Laurence, Charles (May 11, 1993). "The Bitter New Generation and Why They Are Criticizing Their Baby Boomer Parents".

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Piccoli, Sean (April 3, 1991). "13ers; The story of the new 'lost generation' (and America's hottest sound bite)".

3385: 2695: 1905: 1410: 854: 17: 10554: 10500: 10361: 8920: 8761: 234: 172: 11995: 11417: 10460: 10442: 10275: 9966: 8935: 8788: 8318: 7936: 7132: 7074: 6790: 6607: 6269: 3448: 3287:

in 2019, is inspired by the theories of Strauss and Howe, and the character Teresa is a vocal proponent of them.

3157:, an affluent county with median household income approximately twice the national average. The report described 1932: 166: 106: 9277: 11597: 11589: 11552: 11534: 11355: 11188: 11043: 10898: 10846: 10819: 10581: 10178: 9976: 9787: 9642: 9354: 9309: 9294: 8818: 7577: 6126: 3965: 3620: 1513:

was born between 1588 and 1617 and is of the prophet archetype. Members of the generation were led through the

227: 99: 8370: 5360: 747:

as the aggregate of all people born over a span of roughly 21 years or about the length of one phase of life:

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William Strauss and Neil Howe's partnership began in the late 1980s when they began writing their first book

11097: 10753: 3707:"The Millennial Muddle: How stereotyping students became a thriving industry and a bundle of contradictions" 2313: 1628: 552: 11884: 11746: 11563: 11193: 11161: 10650: 9802: 8862: 7693: 7614: 7139: 6394: 3292: 3279: 700: 445: 10510: 9562: 3043:" and "mystifying," although he believed the authors did have some insights into modern American history. 12022: 11955: 11788: 11654: 11546: 11524: 10727: 10695: 10645: 10453: 10403: 10294: 10035: 9797: 9673: 9667: 9648: 8853: 8682: 8565: 8112: 7160: 6750: 6467: 6020: 5539:. University of Michigan, Longitudinal Study of American Youth, funded by the National Science Foundation 3103: 2770: 1987: 1815: 740:

spiritual awakenings and secular crises, from the founding colonials of America through the present day.

437:, which eventually creates a tumultuous political environment that ripens conditions for another crisis. 10171: 9824: 2030:. Strauss and Howe define the cohort as individuals born between 1901 and 1924. They were shaped by the 1331:

influences took hold across Europe, and in many ways prepared the intellectual landscape for the coming

767:

of this length that share three criteria. First, members of a generation share what the authors call an

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For example, the "triggering event" that marked the coming of age for the baby boom generation was the

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Artist (adaptive): High young adults. High, defined: Institutions are strong and individualism is weak

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Cormier, Jim (May 8, 1993). "A young whine, with a sharp bite 13TH GEN: Abort, Retry, Ignore, Fail?".

3616: 11900: 11810: 11156: 9508: 8989: 8531: 8360: 8012: 6760: 6207: 5107: 4954: 4854: 3633: 3120: 1996: 1518: 908: 9899: 1397:

Edward was very fascinated with science and philosophy, and was very well learned beyond his years.

11895: 10675: 10655: 10212: 10146: 9981: 9556: 9026: 8813: 8770: 8561: 8258: 7555: 7528: 7523: 7487: 7384: 7187: 6718: 6612: 6578: 6462: 5534:"The Generation X Report: Active, Balanced, and Happy: These Young Americans are not bowling alone" 4829: 4795: 3192: 3154: 2748: 2582: 2178: 1708: 1420: 994: 885: 525: 176: 10010: 5004: 4555: 1664:. This generation witnessed political turmoil in response to the widespread expansion of European 1066:, born in 1809. Strauss and Howe would identify him as a member of the Transcendental generation. 11985: 11890: 11385: 10827: 10064: 10003: 9929: 9792: 9573: 9329: 9142: 9137: 9115: 9077: 9057: 8691: 8687: 8504: 8377: 8340: 8323: 8143: 7607: 7508: 7125: 7043: 6795: 6477: 6416: 6187: 4979: 4659: 1137: 289: 238: 162: 10202: 10166: 6442: 5658: 5210: 5132: 4904: 3706: 3443:"New silent generation" was a proposed holding name used by Howe and Strauss in their 1991 book 2181:, where time and periodicity can be predicted to the second. Instead, it resembles the complex, 791: 764: 12047: 11719: 11671: 11666: 10635: 10589: 10438: 9944: 9398: 9371: 9341: 9205: 9152: 8969: 8845: 8740: 8580: 8575: 8433: 8399: 8387: 8382: 8345: 8295: 8153: 8133: 7819: 7764: 7270: 6957: 6825: 6738: 6713: 6703: 6561: 6264: 6131: 6013: 5731: 4929: 4879: 3028: 2978:

for looking at American history, that filled a need for a unifying vision of American history:

2938: 2774: 2557: 2382: 2289: 1793: 1739: 1644:, were born during this period. Also born in this era were 35 out of the 56 signatories of the 1583: 1186: 1006: 1002: 997:; they also say recurring Crises and Awakenings correspond with two-stroke cycles in politics ( 713: 11198: 9453: 7354: 2909:

called it "fascinating", but also "about as vague and plausible as astrological predictions".

2182: 2174: 11843: 11734: 11714: 11579: 11529: 11422: 11412: 11102: 11068: 10977: 9988: 9726: 9621: 9548: 9420: 8823: 8540: 8494: 8489: 8438: 8102: 8083: 7899: 7794: 7550: 7482: 7434: 6962: 6952: 6947: 6840: 6472: 6411: 6406: 6299: 5029: 4186: 3637: 3254: 3223:, described Strauss–Howe generational theory as "crackpot theories". A May 2017 article from 2984: 2661: 2491: 2467: 2402: 2224: 1595: 1480: 1285: 1159: 1082: 533: 31: 11647: 11058: 10594: 1672:

exacerbated by ruthless competition between rival empires in Europe, the Americas and Asia.

11930: 11407: 10748: 10465: 9820: 9660: 9393: 9269: 9240: 9011: 8673: 8647: 8594: 8428: 8355: 8200: 8165: 8119: 8087: 7965: 7679: 7518: 7301: 6912: 6583: 6494: 6389: 6182: 6111: 5586:"The theory of generations in the HR policy, the employers competition in the labor market" 5177:"Theorist explains why he thinks US rolls in 80-year cycles and now is next reconstruction" 3452: 3284: 3225: 3208: 2537: 1684: 1554: 1328: 1320: 1078: 985:, and L. L. Ferrar Jr., and with geopolitical cycles identified by William R. Thompson and 501: 9701: 8: 11724: 10470: 9884: 9591: 9287: 8499: 8411: 8170: 7804: 7769: 7672: 7334: 7222: 7180: 7048: 6882: 6192: 4236: 3349: 3329: 2943: 2846: 2675: 2487: 2447: 2422: 2309: 2269: 2057: 2019: 1982: 1909: 1854:(hero and artist archetypes) was born from 1843 to 1859 and grew up or fought during the 1558: 1010: 998: 916: 744: 35: 11222: 10792: 10207: 9911: 8519: 5510: 4291: 575: 11950: 11945: 11880: 11763: 11676: 11507: 11183: 10515: 10299: 9364: 9319: 8678: 8634: 8589: 8212: 8158: 8079: 7650: 7477: 7118: 7017: 6992: 6830: 6780: 6655: 6489: 6437: 6324: 6304: 6059: 5893: 5821: 4775: 3921: 3234: 3220: 3187: 3182:

and when they become widespread standard expectations of employees change accordingly.

3075: 3048: 2868: 2842: 2610: 2170: 1901: 1884: 1855: 1839: 1772: 1768: 1747: 1719: 1591: 1358: 990: 613: 472: 9220: 6457: 5054: 3015:

Kaiser has incorporated Strauss and Howe's theory in two historical works of his own,

2186:

severe in any given year, the same is true of a Fourth Turning in any given saeculum.

1530: 1327:

or State bureaucracy becoming increasingly available for the educated middle classes.

11768: 11622: 11370: 10667: 9678: 9517: 8942: 8701: 8640: 8599: 8416: 8301: 8237: 8148: 8125: 8069: 7977: 7710: 7374: 7227: 7080: 7053: 6982: 6650: 6638: 6590: 6546: 6452: 6094: 6084: 5982: 5972: 5953: 5943: 5924: 5914: 5881: 5871: 5852: 5842: 5809: 5799: 5740: 4763: 4753: 4726: 4262: 4215: 4033: 4002: 3927: 3852: 3665: 3339: 2911: 2838: 2705: 2512: 2378: 2244: 2047: 2027: 1735: 1669: 1661: 1637: 1617: 1521:

and others led a large migration to the Americas. The generation was very religious.

1382: 1190: 1109: 1105: 978: 803: 682: 674: 609: 453: 1206:

An average modern life is around 85 years and consists of four periods of ~21 years

11935: 11642: 11465: 11441: 11402: 10982: 10139: 9529: 9388: 9376: 8668: 8628: 8623: 8448: 8335: 8270: 8097: 8092: 8074: 7932: 7733: 7686: 7424: 7364: 7275: 7252: 7022: 6723: 6682: 6644: 6566: 6536: 6531: 6334: 5605: 5600: 4684: 3998:

On Borrowed Time: How the Growth in Entitlement Spending Threatens America's Future

3412: 3344: 3319: 3102:

In 2011, Jon D. Miller, at the Longitudinal Study of American Youth, funded by the

2899: 2691: 2590: 2144: 2031: 1871: 1723: 1704: 1455: 970: 954: 799: 727: 678: 530:

On Borrowed Time: How the Growth in Entitlement Spending Threatens America's Future

410: 9257: 3824: 1792:

was born between 1792 and 1821 and was of the prophet archetype. They started the

11360: 10967: 10541: 10217: 9581: 9403: 9188: 8952: 8778: 8423: 7738: 7571: 7217: 7038: 7006: 6892: 6867: 6556: 6521: 6516: 6432: 6364: 6284: 6257: 6247: 6242: 6177: 5338:"American Tragedy; Kennedy, Johnson, and the Origins of the Vietnam War (review)" 3996: 3334: 3314: 3040: 3005: 2834: 2665: 2649: 2023: 1956: 1920: 1687:, they unleashed violent episodes of revolution, vilified Monarchy, and promoted 1587: 1394: 1370: 1324: 1163: 1144: 1113: 1063: 986: 933:, after the Latin word meaning both "a long human life" and "a natural century". 752: 718: 509: 505: 414: 398: 105:

It may require cleanup to comply with Knowledge's content policies, particularly

9461: 3741:"The pseudoscience that prepared America for Steve Bannon's apocalyptic message" 3455:. This generation is now more widely referred to as "generation Z" or "zoomers". 2064:. Strauss and Howe define the cohort as individuals born between 1925 and 1942. 1875:

Suffragists marching in New York, 1915. Social Crusades were a defining feature.

1027:

that repeat sequentially, in rhythm with the cycle of Crises and Awakenings. In

11741: 11432: 10851: 10479: 10475: 10126: 9744: 9683: 9523: 8994: 8828: 8616: 8604: 8290: 8175: 7851: 7836: 7826: 7728: 7630: 7583: 7503: 7419: 7311: 7012: 6987: 6977: 6972: 6937: 6932: 6907: 6600: 6541: 6374: 6339: 6137: 6079: 6069: 2923: 2804: 2333: 1992: 1893: 1764: 1743: 1700: 1451: 1362: 1343: 1336: 763:. Generations are identified (from the first birthyear to last) by looking for 641: 632: 464: 11681: 5704:"A Play About Catholic Conservatism Earns Praise From Both Sides of the Aisle" 5193: 4237:"Donald Trump, Stephen Bannon and the Coming Crisis in American National Life" 3407:

Strauss and Howe initially used the name "13th generation" in their 1991 book

1128: 12011: 11821: 11773: 11215: 10841: 9004: 8328: 8309: 8253: 8207: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8039: 8034: 7911: 7904: 7513: 7459: 7306: 7101: 6897: 6728: 6672: 6551: 6499: 6447: 6294: 6232: 6227: 6089: 6074: 6036: 5986: 5957: 5150: 3669: 3230: 3036: 2895: 2883: 2877: 2812: 2796: 2358: 1827: 1727: 1688: 1390: 1386: 1140: 982: 807: 795: 481: 460: 434: 430: 7088:

An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural

5928: 5885: 5856: 5813: 5337: 4767: 4318:"Steve Bannon's obsession with a dark theory of history should be worrisome" 1810: 1346:

tutors, international scholars, poets, prelates, and literate merchants and

9939: 9586: 9408: 9251: 9107: 8556: 8514: 8443: 8180: 8065: 8019: 8007: 7950: 7916: 7247: 7237: 7232: 6967: 6887: 6845: 6785: 6677: 6628: 6511: 6329: 6274: 6222: 6212: 6202: 6172: 6101: 5968:

Millennials & K-12 Schools: Educational Strategies for a New Generation

3354: 3238: 3107: 3024: 3000: 2822: 2800: 2758: 2736: 2721: 2586: 2140: 2122: 2096: 2078: 2061: 2035: 1995:" is played during the dedication ceremony of the World War II memorial at 1944: 1897: 1731: 1676: 1374: 1194: 1133: 1117: 1086: 958: 912: 708: 696: 5966: 5937: 3178:

workers. New working conditions as a product on the market have a classic

849:

According to the authors, the most recent first turning in the US was the

448:

as a series of generational biographies going back to 1584. In their book

11940: 10222: 9864: 9840: 9210: 9198: 9120: 8696: 8509: 8313: 8049: 7997: 7972: 7955: 7894: 7285: 7242: 6872: 6633: 6359: 6349: 6217: 6167: 5908: 5865: 5836: 5793: 4747: 3430:"Millennial generation", a term Strauss and Howe used in their 1991 book 3359: 3309: 3274: 3128: 3053: 2784: 2687: 2118: 2100: 1970: 1966: 1924: 1835: 1831: 1680: 1665: 1562: 1483:, pursued science, and wrote poetry that celebrated an orderly universe. 1354: 1332: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1167: 889: 787: 620: 513: 421:" (a long human life, which usually spans around 85 years, although some 11112: 7394: 6000: 3110:" ("13th Gen") has been widely used in popular and academic literature. 1300:

was born between 1461 and 1482 and is of the artist/adaptive archetype.

11778: 10785: 10428: 9998: 8660: 8248: 8002: 7960: 7946: 7814: 7799: 7203: 7112: 6942: 6922: 6917: 6805: 6800: 6775: 6770: 6660: 6595: 6526: 6401: 6369: 6309: 6106: 5410:"Bannon's Views Can Be Traced to a Book That Warns, 'Winter Is Coming'" 5314: 3200: 2639: 2016: 1936: 1805: 1641: 1579: 1479:(1585–1604). They regulated commerce, explored overseas empires, built 1442:

was born between 1512 and 1540 and is of the nomad/reactive archetype.

1378: 1366: 1304: 1023: 1013:) as well as with long-term oscillations in crime and substance abuse. 756: 518:

Chance and Circumstance: The Draft, the War, and the Vietnam Generation

406: 5678:"Waiting for an Age Like You: Oneohtrix Point Never Takes Epoch Stand" 5384:"Steve Bannon Believes The Apocalypse Is Coming And War Is Inevitable" 3897:

Giancola, Frank (2006). "The Generation Gap: More Myth than Reality".

3017:

American Tragedy: Kennedy, Johnson, and the Origins of the Vietnam War

1913: 1699:, secured America's independence from British rule, and established a 30:

Several terms redirect here; it is not to be confused with Mannheim's

10705: 9829: 9706: 9536: 9019: 8350: 8029: 8024: 7987: 7982: 7846: 7789: 7774: 7643: 7588: 6997: 6815: 6765: 6733: 6708: 6573: 6379: 6354: 6319: 6121: 6064: 5585: 5533: 3324: 3136: 2916: 1889: 1459: 1445: 941: 937: 907:

The authors say the previous fourth turning in the US began with the

748: 402: 3853:"Review: Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069" 936:

Generational change drives the cycle of turnings and determines its

440:

Strauss and Howe laid the groundwork for their theory in their book

278: 245:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 146: 11380: 10123: 8044: 7992: 7344: 7339: 7280: 6755: 6314: 6289: 6237: 6197: 6116: 3881:

Bowman, James (April 5, 1991). "Another Grand Theory Comes of Age".

3229:

described the Strauss–Howe generational theory as "pseudoscience".

3215: 2975: 2928: 1928: 1353:

Some of the notable persons who influenced this generation include

977:

corresponds with long cycles of war identified by such scholars as

929: 783: 467:, and unsupported by rigorous evidence. Former U.S. Vice President 418: 5100: 1059: 989:. Strauss and Howe say their cycle of Awakenings corresponds with 508:

and federal entitlement programs. Strauss co-wrote two books with

7831: 7809: 7759: 7663: 7599: 6902: 6835: 6745: 6698: 6665: 5708: 2864: 1940: 1683:

was being questioned both in Europe and the Americas. Relying on

760: 673:

On December 18, 2007, William Strauss died at the age of 60 from

468: 7002: 6005: 4819:

Neil Howe, Millennials Rising: The Next Great Generation (2000).

4725:. Dordrecht: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 53. 1842:

soldiers were born during this period (the average age was 26).

8264: 7841: 7754: 7262: 6810: 5495:

Ferron, Alexander (July 1, 1993). "13th Generational Malaise".

5078: 5076: 3263: 3219:, David Greenberg, a professor of history and media studies at 1347: 583: 563: 426: 7172: 4628: 4592: 4436: 4424: 4412: 4400: 4376: 4352: 8899: 8796: 8657: 7779: 6384: 5764:"The Watcher: The Real Life Murderer Who Inspired John Graff" 5194:

Neil Howe: The Three Hallmarks Of The Fourth Turning Are Here

3948:"'True Gen': Generation Z and its implications for companies" 3527: 3123:

reviewed the follow-up book about the next generation titled

1335:. Their youth coincided with the development of the European 1234:

Dominant: independent behavior + attitudes in defining an era

5088: 5073: 4604: 4568: 4525: 4523: 4508: 4496: 4484: 4472: 4448: 4340: 4263:"Is Steve Bannon the Second Most Powerful Man in the World?" 3770:"The Crackpot Theories of Stephen Bannon's Favorite Authors" 3106:, wrote that their birth year definition (1961 to 1981) of " 2937:

fresh evidence that American history is indeed cyclical, as

1965:(nomad archetype) is the generation that came of age during 1222:

Each generation experiences "four turnings" every ~85 years

1214:

A generation is an aggregate of people born every ~21 years

1136:

were born in the early part of the 20th century, like actor

524:(1977). Neil Howe studied what he believed to be the U.S.'s 7784: 5560:"After Gen X, Millennials, what should next generation be?" 5180: 4046: 3364: 2808: 2056:(artist archetype) is the demographic cohort following the 6001:

Discussion forum of the Strauss and Howe generation theory

5795:

Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069

5639: 4746:

Mancini, Dominic (1996). "The Usurpation of Richard III".

4702: 4460: 4388: 4364: 4125: 4063: 4061: 3590:

Parshall, Gerald (April 8, 1991). "History's Cycle Ride".

3517: 2885:

Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069

2873:

Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069

1814:

New York police violently attacking unemployed workers in

1009:), foreign affairs (Frank L. Klingberg), and the economy ( 442:

Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069

4640: 4616: 4580: 4535: 4520: 3976: 3515: 3513: 3511: 3509: 3507: 3505: 3503: 3501: 3499: 3497: 3484: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3476: 3474: 3472: 2880:, non-falsifiable, and unsupported by rigorous evidence. 1947:, having died on December 30, 1999, at 119 years of age. 604:

Strauss and Howe followed in 1993 with their second book

10247: 4137: 1319:. For the educated classes life was fairly static, with 11541:

Professionalization and institutionalization of history

5942:(2 ed.). Great Falls, Va.: LifeCourse Associates. 5211:""The Fourth Turning Is Here - Reimagining the Future"" 4113: 4058: 2876:

political scientists, and journalists, as being overly

880:

According to Strauss and Howe, the third turning is an

5361:"No End Save Victory: How FDR Led the Nation into War" 3494: 3469: 1973:, having died on April 21, 2018, at 117 years of age. 1722:

belong to this generation, including U.S. presidents

838:

According to Strauss and Howe, the first turning is a

98:

A major contributor to this article appears to have a

11833:

Heroic theory of invention and scientific development

5143: 5133:"Lifecourse Associates: Long Boom & Culture Wars" 4289: 2156: 1675:

They came of age during a time when the viability of

10681:

Awareness in Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe

5965:

Howe, Neil; Strauss, William; Nadler, Reena (2008).

5511:"'Xplaining Generation X - An NSF-Sponsored Webcast" 3021:

No End Save Victory: How FDR Led the Nation into War

4290:Guilford, Gwynn; Nikhil Sonnad (February 3, 2017). 4030:

Millennials: A profile of the Next Great Generation

10641:Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia 10499: 8281: 5292:"The President takes up the challenge of our time" 900:According to the authors, the fourth turning is a 865:According to the theory, the second turning is an 11299: 5964: 5382:Blumenthal, Paul; Rieger, JM (February 8, 2017). 5306: 3994: 1454:and saw the expansion of British territories and 1288:in France, during an era of rising civil unrest. 12009: 5381: 3559:"What's the Matter With Kids Today? Not a Thing" 1217:Baby Boomers → Gen X → Millennials → Homelanders 689:. In July 2023 Howe released a new book, titled 161:, potentially preventing the article from being 11865: 8108:Perspectives on capitalism by school of thought 4723:International Handbook of Comparative Education 4185:. International Speakers Bureau. Archived from 3035:(1997) was vague and verged into the realm of " 2090: 3923:The fourth turning : an American prophecy 3418:generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture 3267:and its accompanying performance installation 3233:, a scientist and specialist in the fields of 687:Center for Strategic and International Studies 647:What's the Matter With Kids Today? Not a Thing 425:have lasted longer). The theory states that a 11689:Ecclesiastical history of the Catholic Church 11559:Western European colonialism and colonization 10108: 7615: 7188: 6046:List of topics characterized as pseudoscience 6021: 5910:Millennials Rising: The Next Great Generation 4720: 4158:"Bill Strauss: He Was the Life of the Parody" 3847: 3845: 3796:"The Military's Illusions About Donald Trump" 1450:They crewed the ships during the wars of the 1339:allowing greater dissemination of knowledge. 1209:Childhood → Young adult → Midlife → Elderhood 637:Millennials Rising: The Next Great Generation 10019: 5913:. William Strauss. New York: Vintage Books. 4721:Cowen, Robert; Kazamias, Andreas M. (2009). 4078: 4076: 3763: 3761: 3170:In 2006, Frank Giancola wrote an article in 1783: 1720:early years of the independent United States 1237:Recessive: dependent role in defining an era 853:high, beginning in 1946 and ending with the 10122: 5971:. Great Falls, Va.: LifeCourse Associates. 5935: 5906: 5863: 5834: 5791: 5701: 5645: 5577: 5094: 5082: 4708: 4646: 4634: 4622: 4610: 4598: 4586: 4574: 4541: 4529: 4514: 4502: 4490: 4478: 4466: 4454: 4442: 4430: 4418: 4406: 4394: 4382: 4370: 4358: 4346: 4143: 4131: 4119: 4067: 4052: 3982: 3892: 3890: 3888: 3533: 3521: 3488: 1582:administrators. Examples in Europe include 1568: 1486: 661:, which expanded on the ideas presented in 77:Learn how and when to remove these messages 10115: 10101: 7622: 7608: 7195: 7181: 6028: 6014: 5898:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5826:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5583: 5375: 4780:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4260: 3842: 3734: 3732: 3730: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3579: 3296:features a scene citing postulations from 3066:In 1993, Andrew Leonard reviewed the book 2890:After the publication of their first book 181:reliable, independent, third-party sources 10744:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 7154:The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience 7095:Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science 5730:Erickson, Robert S. (December 14, 2019). 5675: 5604: 4285: 4283: 4073: 3876: 3874: 3787: 3767: 3758: 3700: 2153:as those born from 2006 to roughly 2029. 2131:as those born from 1982 to roughly 2005. 1845: 1734:, as well as the leading figures of the 1646:United States Declaration of Independence 1601: 1465: 1405: 1270: 1031:, they refer to these four archetypes as 381:Learn how and when to remove this message 363:Learn how and when to remove this message 261:Learn how and when to remove this message 199:Learn how and when to remove this message 129:Learn how and when to remove this message 11963:Historical geographic information system 8729: 5867:The Fourth Turning: An American Prophecy 5729: 5702:Chakrabarti, Meghna (November 4, 2019). 5557: 5479: 5340:. Johns Hopkins University. Project Muse 5241:"Turning and turning in a widening gyre" 4562:Foundation for the Study of Cycles (FSC) 4557:What We Can Learn From Cycles of History 3896: 3885: 3818: 3816: 3738: 3715:. The Chronicle of Higher Education, Inc 3698: 3696: 3694: 3692: 3690: 3688: 3686: 3684: 3682: 3680: 3589: 3552: 3550: 3548: 3546: 3544: 3542: 3411:, which was published mere weeks before 2112: 1991:U.S. Navy veteran Ruth Harden sings as " 1986: 1870: 1866: 1809: 1753: 1651: 1627: 1409: 1127: 1058: 734: 659:The Fourth Turning: An American Prophecy 175:by replacing them with more appropriate 7059:Suppressed research in the Soviet Union 5841:(1 ed.). New York: Vintage Books. 5761: 5695: 5464: 5438: 5223: 5217: 5108:"generations in Anglo-American History" 4749:English Historical Documents, 1327-1485 4745: 3919: 3727: 3576: 2072: 1861: 1606: 1400: 1275: 1181:(Adaptive) generations enter childhood 1100:(Reactive) generations enter childhood 1073:(Idealist) generations enter childhood 1043:(1997) they change this terminology to 158:too closely associated with the subject 14: 12010: 11603:English historical school of economics 9655:Historical Series of the Bank of Italy 7709: 5494: 5407: 5401: 5289: 5267: 5238: 4280: 4261:Von Drehle, David (February 2, 2017). 4234: 4228: 4155: 3995:Peterson, Peter G.; Neil Howe (1988). 3880: 3871: 3704: 3610: 3608: 3606: 3604: 3602: 3556: 3134:In 2001, reviewer Dina Gomez wrote in 2134: 2067: 1543: 1524: 1433: 1291: 1225:High → Awakening → Unraveling → Crisis 842:, which occurs after a crisis. During 631:(1997), the two authors discussed the 528:attitude of the 1980s and co-authored 299:Please improve this article by adding 11919: 11864: 11799:Revisionist school of Islamic studies 11638:Historical reliability of the Gospels 11496: 11023: 10096: 10085: 8728: 8471: 8235: 7874: 7708: 7603: 7176: 6009: 5936:Howe, Neil; Strauss, William (2007). 5907:Howe, Neil; Strauss, William (2000). 5864:Strauss, William; Howe, Neil (1997). 5838:13th Gen: Abort, Retry, Ignore, Fail? 5835:Howe, Neil; Strauss, William (1993). 5792:Strauss, William; Howe, Neil (1991). 5723: 4315: 4309: 4224:– via www.simonandschuster.com. 4082: 3822: 3813: 3794:Cohen, Eliot A. (December 10, 2019). 3793: 3677: 3655: 3539: 3451:, were put into effect following the 3248: 3113: 3068:13th Gen: Abort, Retry, Ignore, Fail? 2991: 2857: 2034:and were the primary participants in 1999:in Dover, Delaware, November 9, 2013. 1778: 1623: 1504: 1499: 606:13th Gen: Abort, Retry, Ignore, Fail? 11991: 10086: 9616:More Irish than the Irish themselves 5669: 5659:"The Prophecy of the Fourth Turning" 5619: 4553: 4207: 3614: 3027:, a historian and co-founder of the 2915:called it "as woolly as a newspaper 2149:(As of 2023): Neil Howe defines the 2127:(As of 2023): Neil Howe defines the 2041: 2007:(hero archetype), also known as the 1799: 1323:and a clear career path through the 1154:(Civic) generations enter childhood 576:Discussion with Howe and Strauss on 491: 272: 210: 140: 83: 42: 12038:Historiography of the United States 10686:Functionalism–intentionalism debate 7875: 5408:Peters, Jeremy W. (April 8, 2017). 4316:Lopez, Linette (February 2, 2017). 4254: 4235:Kaiser, David (November 18, 2016). 3768:Greenberg, David (April 20, 2017). 3599: 1147:, which follows the Hero archetype. 790:to modern social theorists such as 556:interview with Howe and Strauss on 24: 11699:Hermeneutics of Vatican Council II 9643:Fourth Italian War of Independence 7629: 7108:James Randi Educational Foundation 5762:Bojalad, Alec (October 17, 2022). 5620:Hart, Andrew (February 28, 2018). 5531: 5358: 5312: 5239:Kaiser, David (January 12, 1997). 3823:Alter, Jonathan (April 14, 1991). 3615:Lind, Michael (January 26, 1997). 3557:Brooks, David (November 5, 2000). 3261:for the concept of his 2018 album 2432:Revolutionary saeculum (90 years) 2157:Timing of generations and turnings 1976: 1950: 1531:Cavalier § Social perceptions 721:, who was consulted for the film, 645:book review for this book titled: 405:, describes a theorized recurring 312:"Strauss–Howe generational theory" 25: 12059: 6035: 5994: 4156:Ringle, Ken (December 22, 2007). 3712:The Chronicle of Higher Education 3705:Hoover, Eric (October 11, 2009). 3658:Perspectives on Political Science 3082:In 1993, Charles Laurence at the 2254:Reformation saeculum (107 years) 2109:as those born from 1961 to 1981. 2087:as those born from 1943 to 1960. 1307:came of age at the height of the 58:This article has multiple issues. 12018:Strauss–Howe generational theory 11990: 11981: 11980: 11497: 10997: 10996: 10838:Palestinian expulsion and flight 9350:5000-year civilization assertion 8926:Nadir of American race relations 7546:Strauss–Howe generational theory 6505:Strauss–Howe generational theory 6483:Moon landing conspiracy theories 6280:Electromagnetic hypersensitivity 5755: 5676:Battaglia, Andy (May 24, 2018). 5651: 5613: 5551: 5525: 5503: 5488: 5473: 5458: 5439:Leonard, Andrew (May 23, 1993). 5335: 4292:"What Steve Bannon really wants" 3386:assassination of John F. Kennedy 3206:In a February 2017 article from 2954:Gerald Pershall wrote in 1991: " 2620:Great Power saeculum (81 years) 1906:prohibition in the United States 1143:(b. 1908). They are part of the 855:assassination of John F. Kennedy 570: 547: 395:Strauss–Howe generational theory 277: 215: 156:may rely excessively on sources 145: 109:. Please discuss further on the 88: 47: 11827:Protestant Ethic and Capitalism 10701:Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust 10636:Soviets and the Warsaw Uprising 10443:Causes of the Armenian genocide 8752:Pyramid construction techniques 8319:Comparative historical research 8236: 7937:Library and information science 7202: 7133:The Natural History of Quackery 7075:Committee for Skeptical Inquiry 5785: 5622:"Against Generational Politics" 5558:Horovitz, Bruce (May 4, 2012). 5432: 5352: 5329: 5283: 5261: 5232: 5203: 5187: 5169: 5125: 5047: 5022: 4997: 4972: 4947: 4922: 4897: 4872: 4847: 4822: 4813: 4788: 4739: 4714: 4677: 4652: 4554:Howe, Neil (November 4, 2023). 4547: 4201: 4175: 4149: 4022: 3988: 3958: 3940: 3913: 3449:Department of Homeland Security 3437: 3424: 3401: 3391: 3377: 3283:, first produced at New York's 2731:Millennial saeculum (87 years) 2343:New World Saeculum (110 years) 1703:system of governance, based on 657:In 1997, the authors published 66:or discuss these issues on the 11839:Gunpowder and gun transmission 11789:Religionsgeschichtliche Schule 11598:Historical school of economics 11535:Nationalism in the Middle Ages 10973:Gunpowder and gun transmission 10847:Zionism as settler colonialism 9852:Limpieza de sangre controversy 8819:Metropolitan-hinterland thesis 5606:10.7256/2307-9118.2016.2.16909 5290:Kaiser, David (June 6, 2009). 5268:Kaiser, David (July 4, 2012). 3739:Fernholz, Tim (May 27, 2017). 3649: 3621:New York Times Review of Books 3199:they brought attention to the 2522:Civil War saeculum (71 years) 1265: 685:, and senior associate to the 13: 1: 11648:Opposition to Papal supremacy 11024: 8836:Indigenous population history 5513:. National Science Foundation 3462: 3253:American electronic musician 3243:structural-demographic theory 3150:Chronicle of Higher Education 2906:The Times Literary Supplement 1904:. In midlife, they developed 1632:Portrait of George Washington 1620:was born in this generation. 1321:Renaissance Humanist teaching 1016: 911:and climaxed with the end of 875: 301:secondary or tertiary sources 27:Theory of generational cycles 11564:Desacralization of knowledge 9835:Carlism in the Francoist era 9803:Holodomor in modern politics 8472: 7140:The Psychology of the Occult 6395:Traditional Chinese medicine 6270:Doktor Koster's Antigaspills 6127:Superseded scientific theory 5315:"Is civilization in danger?" 4208:Howe, Neil (July 18, 2023). 3592:U.S. News & World Report 3280:Heroes of the Fourth Turning 2850: 2829: 2816: 2791: 2778: 2765: 2752: 2743: 2725: 2712: 2699: 2682: 2669: 2656: 2643: 2630: 2614: 2605: 2594: 2565: 2552: 2541: 2532: 2516: 2507: 2496: 2482: 2471: 2462: 2451: 2442: 2426: 2417: 2406: 2397: 2386: 2373: 2362: 2353: 2337: 2328: 2317: 2304: 2293: 2284: 2273: 2264: 2248: 2239: 2228: 2219: 2105:Strauss and Howe define the 2091:13th Generation/Generation X 2083:Strauss and Howe define the 1822:Strauss and Howe define the 1705:constitutional republicanism 860: 522:Reconciliation after Vietnam 446:history of the United States 444:(1991), which discusses the 7: 11956:Historiographic metafiction 11920: 11866:Organizations, publications 11655:Proto-orthodox Christianity 10605:German resistance to Nazism 10461:Persian famine of 1917–1919 9871:Islamic revolution of Spain 9798:Holodomor genocide question 9674:Revisionism of Risorgimento 9668:Rerum italicarum scriptores 9649:Historiae Patriae Monumenta 9416:Self-Strengthening Movement 8566:decolonization of knowledge 6751:Electronic voice phenomenon 6608:Myers–Briggs Type Indicator 6468:Chemtrail conspiracy theory 5030:"Transcendental Generation" 4085:"The next great generation" 3674:Retrieved January 23, 2012. 3596:Retrieved October 21, 2012. 3303: 3104:National Science Foundation 3073:Again in 1993, writing for 3059: 2966:writer Jay Dolan critiqued 1718:and leading figures in the 1695:, they participated in the 826:, and in greater detail in 813: 649:, described the message of 516:affected the Baby Boomers: 241:the claims made and adding 10: 12064: 11753:Wissenschaft des Judentums 11730:Criticism of Protestantism 10610:Nazi foreign policy debate 10041:Second colonial occupation 9788:Soviet famine of 1930–1933 9426:Tibetan sovereignty debate 8970:Progressive-era historians 8405:Nationalization of history 8356:Historical-critical method 7147:The Ragged Edge of Science 6878:Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff 6821:Pseudoscientific metrology 6345:Miracle Mineral Supplement 5584:Brazhnikov, Pavel (2016). 4955:"Enlightenment Generation" 4855:"Parliamentary Generation" 4211:The Fourth Turning Is Here 4001:. Transaction Publishers. 3165: 2198:Generation birth year span 2138: 2116: 2094: 2076: 2045: 1980: 1954: 1803: 1796:across the United States. 1697:American Revolutionary War 1528: 1515:Wars of the Three Kingdoms 1200: 1054: 1033:Idealist, Reactive, Civic, 851:post–World War II American 743:Strauss and Howe define a 691:The Fourth Turning Is Here 29: 11975: 11926: 11915: 11871: 11860: 11809: 11613: 11572: 11503: 11492: 11348: 11034: 11030: 11019: 10991: 10960: 10924: 10818: 10772: 10758:Second Sino-Japanese War 10736: 10666: 10618: 10580: 10540: 10416: 10238: 10157: 10133: 10092: 10081: 10057: 9955: 9922: 9813: 9737: 9694: 9635: 9600: 9572: 9563:Vergangenheitsbewältigung 9507: 9434: 9340: 9268: 8982: 8911: 8844: 8806: 8739: 8735: 8724: 8549: 8482: 8478: 8467: 8244: 8231: 8058: 7925: 7887: 7883: 7870: 7747: 7721: 7717: 7704: 7637: 7564: 7496: 7470: 7324: 7294: 7261: 7210: 7067: 7031: 6858: 6761:Facilitated communication 6691: 6621: 6425: 6160: 6147: 6052: 6043: 3966:"The generations defined" 3920:Strauss, William (1997). 3634:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 2795:3rd turning: unraveling: 2730: 2686:3rd turning: unraveling: 2619: 2581:3rd turning: unraveling: 2527:Transcendental Generation 2521: 2486:3rd turning: unraveling: 2431: 2401:3rd turning: unraveling: 2342: 2308:3rd turning: unraveling: 2253: 2223:3rd turning: unraveling: 2208: 1790:transcendental generation 1784:Transcendental Generation 1575:enlightenment generation' 1173: 1132:Young adults fighting in 1079:Transcendental Generation 909:Wall Street Crash of 1929 895: 717:. According to historian 569: 546: 541: 11513:Crisis of historiography 10676:Auschwitz bombing debate 10362:Indian Rebellion of 1857 10213:Late Bronze Age collapse 10147:List of military museums 9750:Pre-Revolutionary Russia 9722:Polish People's Republic 9557:Sybel-Ficker controversy 8921:African-American history 8894:Colonial Spanish America 8683:Second Thirty Years' War 7556:Transgenerational design 7488:Revolutionary generation 7385:Generation of Columbuses 7161:The Skeptic's Dictionary 6719:Biological transmutation 6639:Faster-than-light travel 6613:Enneagram of Personality 6579:Recovered-memory therapy 6463:9/11 conspiracy theories 5870:(1 ed.). New York. 5798:(1 ed.). New York. 4830:"Elizabethan Generation" 4796:"Reformation Generation" 4083:Gomez, Dina (May 2001). 3370: 3290:The 2022 Netflix series 3193:Fairfax County, Virginia 3155:Fairfax County, Virginia 2898:and political scientist 2771:Consciousness revolution 2769:2nd turning: awakening: 2749:Golden Age of Capitalism 2660:2nd turning: awakening: 2558:Transcendental awakening 2556:2nd turning: awakening: 2466:2nd turning: awakening: 2412:Enlightenment Generation 2377:2nd turning: awakening: 2323:Parliamentary Generation 2288:2nd turning: awakening: 1709:representative democracy 1685:Enlightenment philosophy 1578:political managers, and 1569:Enlightenment Generation 1493:parliamentary generation 1487:Parliamentary Generation 1421:Hans Holbein the Younger 1092: 995:revitalization movements 922: 681:, senior adviser to the 610:Consciousness Revolution 12043:Business cycle theories 10626:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact 10485:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 10036:Porter–MacKenzie debate 9793:Causes of the Holodomor 9330:Problem of two emperors 9278:Catilinarian conspiracy 8505:Historical significance 8366:Indiscipline of history 8341:Historical anthropology 7578:The Greatest Generation 7509:Generational accounting 7126:The Demon-Haunted World 7044:Bourgeois pseudoscience 6478:COVID-19 misinformation 6417:Young blood transfusion 6188:Anthroposophic medicine 5646:Howe & Strauss 2000 5248:The Boston Sunday Globe 5095:Strauss & Howe 1997 5083:Strauss & Howe 1997 5005:"Compromise Generation" 4709:Strauss & Howe 1997 4647:Strauss & Howe 1997 4635:Strauss & Howe 1991 4623:Strauss & Howe 1997 4611:Strauss & Howe 1991 4599:Strauss & Howe 1997 4587:Strauss & Howe 1997 4575:Strauss & Howe 1997 4542:Strauss & Howe 1991 4530:Strauss & Howe 1991 4515:Strauss & Howe 1991 4503:Strauss & Howe 1997 4491:Strauss & Howe 1997 4479:Strauss & Howe 1997 4467:Strauss & Howe 1997 4455:Howe & Strauss 2007 4443:Strauss & Howe 1997 4431:Strauss & Howe 1997 4419:Strauss & Howe 1997 4407:Strauss & Howe 1997 4395:Strauss & Howe 1997 4383:Strauss & Howe 1997 4371:Strauss & Howe 1997 4359:Strauss & Howe 1991 4347:Strauss & Howe 1991 4144:Strauss & Howe 1997 4132:Strauss & Howe 1997 4120:Howe & Strauss 2000 4068:Howe & Strauss 1993 4053:Strauss & Howe 1991 4032:(DVD). WMFE & PBS. 3983:Strauss & Howe 1991 3899:Human Resource Planning 3534:Strauss & Howe 1997 3522:Strauss & Howe 1997 3489:Strauss & Howe 1991 3172:Human Resource Planning 2962:In 1991, professor and 2209:Late Medieval saeculum 2013:World War II generation 1123: 833: 810:, and François Mentré. 769:age location in history 11720:Protestant Reformation 11694:Second Vatican Council 11672:Succession to Muhammad 11667:Criticism of the Quran 11418:Religious perspectives 11152:Klemens von Metternich 10749:"Battle for Australia" 10631:Soviet offensive plans 10600:Broad vs. narrow front 10439:Late Ottoman genocides 9372:Century of humiliation 9153:Goguryeo controversies 9131:2,500-year celebration 8789:Double genocide theory 8576:Historical negationism 8400:Ancestral civilisation 8388:Historical materialism 8346:Historical determinism 8296:History of mentalities 7271:Interbellum Generation 6958:Corentin Louis Kervran 6826:Rapid prompting method 6714:Biodynamic agriculture 6704:Aquatic ape hypothesis 6562:Historical negationism 6265:Doctrine of signatures 6132:True-believer syndrome 5482:London Daily Telegraph 4980:"Awakening Generation" 4660:"Arthurian Generation" 4214:. Simon and Schuster. 3952:McKinsey & Company 3084:London Daily Telegraph 3029:New America Foundation 2998:In his review for the 2989: 2939:Arthur Schlesinger Jr. 2775:Fourth Great Awakening 2600:Progressive Generation 2448:Augustan Age of Empire 2383:Antinomian Controversy 2299:Elizabethan Generation 2290:Protestant Reformation 2259:Reformation Generation 2201:Entered childhood in a 2000: 1876: 1852:progressive generation 1846:Progressive Generation 1819: 1794:Second Great Awakening 1740:Maximilien Robespierre 1633: 1602:Revolutionary saeculum 1584:George Frederic Handel 1557:and triumphing in the 1481:English country houses 1472:Elizabethan generation 1466:Elizabethan Generation 1428:reformation generation 1423: 1406:Reformation Generation 1271:Late Medieval saeculum 1253:Recessive generations 1187:Progressive Generation 1148: 1067: 1003:Arthur Schlesinger Sr. 857:on November 22, 1963. 288:relies excessively on 11844:Torsion mangonel myth 11747:Modern Jewish history 11742:Jesuit historiography 11735:Protestant work ethic 11715:Hesychast controversy 11580:Industrial Revolution 11530:Library of Alexandria 11448:The Lord of the Rings 11098:Constantine the Great 10978:Torsion mangonel myth 10910:Sri Lankan Civil War 9989:Storm over the gentry 9890:Colonies or Provinces 9421:Sprouts of capitalism 8495:Historic preservation 8490:Change and continuity 7551:Theory of generations 7483:Immigrant generations 7435:Strawberry generation 6963:The Light (newspaper) 6953:Robert F. Kennedy Jr. 6948:William Donald Kelley 6841:Voice stress analysis 6473:Climate change denial 6412:Wind turbine syndrome 6407:Vertebral subluxation 6300:Germ theory denialism 5593:Trends and Management 5441:"The Boomers' Babies" 5213:. September 11, 2023. 5112:Lifecourse Associates 5055:"Generational Cycles" 5034:Lifecourse Associates 5009:Lifecourse Associates 4984:Lifecourse Associates 4959:Lifecourse Associates 4934:Lifecourse Associates 4909:Lifecourse Associates 4905:"Cavalier Generation" 4884:Lifecourse Associates 4859:Lifecourse Associates 4834:Lifecourse Associates 4800:Lifecourse Associates 4664:Lifecourse Associates 3825:"The Generation Game" 3638:David Hackett Fischer 3255:Oneohtrix Point Never 2985:David Hackett Fischer 2980: 2871:with Strauss, called 2867:, who graduated from 2833:4th turning: crisis: 2785:Millennial Generation 2716:4th turning: crisis: 2625:Missionary Generation 2609:4th turning: crisis: 2562:Abolitionist movement 2511:4th turning: crisis: 2502:Compromise Generation 2492:French and Indian War 2477:Republican Generation 2421:4th turning: crisis: 2332:4th turning: crisis: 2243:4th turning: crisis: 2129:millennial generation 2113:Millennial Generation 1990: 1923:were so decimated by 1900:, trade unionism and 1881:missionary generation 1874: 1867:Missionary Generation 1813: 1760:compromise generation 1754:Compromise Generation 1658:republican generation 1652:Republican Generation 1631: 1596:Johann Sebastian Bach 1413: 1242:Dominant generations 1160:Republican Generation 1131: 1083:Missionary Generation 1062: 1045:Prophet, Nomad, Hero, 773:beliefs and behaviors 735:Defining a generation 534:Peter George Peterson 475:with Strauss, called 471:, who graduated from 107:neutral point of view 32:theory of generations 12028:Cultural generations 11931:Commemorative plaque 11147:Juan Manuel de Rosas 10595:"Blitzkrieg" concept 10466:Powder keg of Europe 10341:Franco-Prussian War 10011:Winter of Discontent 9994:Suffragette Campaign 9661:Italiani brava gente 9627:Revolutionary period 9449:Frankish Interregnum 9382:"Chineseness" debate 9315:Byzantine succession 9300:Fall of Western Rome 9241:Executed Renaissance 8730:By country or region 8674:Age of Enlightenment 8648:Vaticinium ex eventu 8595:Modernisation theory 8429:Quantitative history 7805:Historical documents 7519:Intergenerationality 7302:Boomerang Generation 7211:In the Western world 6913:Ignatius L. Donnelly 6584:Past life regression 6443:Arabian Judah theory 6390:Traditional medicine 6183:Alternative medicine 6112:Pathological science 5363:. Barnes & Noble 5226:The Washington Times 5061:. September 22, 2011 5059:So-Called Millennial 4930:"Glorius Generation" 4880:"Puritan Generation" 4685:"The Printing Press" 4189:on November 27, 2011 4092:NEA Today, V.19 No.4 3954:. November 12, 2018. 3859:. September 28, 1992 3453:September 11 attacks 3285:Playwrights Horizons 2737:Baby Boom Generation 2662:Missionary awakening 2583:Mexican–American War 2538:Era of good feelings 2437:Awakening Generation 2214:Arthurian Generation 2085:baby boom generation 2073:Baby Boom Generation 1862:Great Power saeculum 1816:Tompkins Square Park 1613:awakening generation 1607:Awakening Generation 1565:, and public works. 1401:Reformation saeculum 1311:, just prior to the 1282:arthurian generation 1276:Arthurian Generation 1156:during an Unraveling 1145:G.I. Generation 792:José Ortega y Gasset 779:in that generation. 777:perceived membership 707:to former president 11760:Schools of thought 11725:Proto-Protestantism 11594:School of Thoughts 11476:William Shakespeare 11461:Robert Falcon Scott 11366:Friedrich Nietzsche 11204:Cult of personality 11189:Neville Chamberlain 11049:Alexander the Great 10931:Russo-Georgian War 10904:Sovereignty dispute 10883:Iranian Revolution 10713:"Polish death camp" 10690:In relation to the 10399:Myth of English aid 10390:War of the Pacific 10167:Albigensian Crusade 9592:Indigenous Aryanism 9288:Constantinian shift 8824:Residential schools 8581:Historian's fallacy 8500:Historic recurrence 7998:Numismatics (Money) 7770:Archaeological site 7694:theories of history 7223:Greatest Generation 7049:Demarcation problem 6883:Brigitte Boisselier 6512:Hollow Earth theory 6495:Generational theory 6193:Applied kinesiology 5665:. November 6, 2017. 5420:on February 6, 2019 4637:, pp. 357–365. 4601:, pp. 106–116. 4445:, pp. 254–260. 4433:, pp. 103–104. 4421:, pp. 102–103. 4409:, pp. 171–179. 4385:, pp. 145–152. 4361:, pp. 433–446. 4162:The Washington Post 3972:. October 15, 2021. 3536:, pp. 119–121. 3350:Social cycle theory 3330:Historic recurrence 2944:Columbia University 2847:Russo-Ukrainian War 2823:Homeland Generation 2747:1st turning: high: 2634:1st turning: high: 2536:1st turning: high: 2446:1st turning: high: 2423:Glorious Revolution 2392:Glorious Generation 2368:Cavalier Generation 2357:1st turning: high: 2310:Counter-Reformation 2279:Reprisal Generation 2268:1st turning: high: 2234:Humanist Generation 2225:Retreat from France 2151:homeland generation 2135:Homeland Generation 2068:Millennial saeculum 2058:greatest generation 2005:greatest generation 1983:Greatest generation 1910:immigration control 1670:social inequalities 1559:Glorious Revolution 1550:glorious generation 1544:Glorious Generation 1537:cavalier generation 1525:Cavalier Generation 1440:reprisal generation 1434:Reprisal Generation 1298:humanist generation 1292:Humanist Generation 1195:Homeland Generation 1102:during an Awakening 1011:Nikolai Kondratieff 999:Walter Dean Burnham 36:degeneration theory 12023:1991 introductions 11951:Historical realism 11946:Historical fiction 11891:History institutes 11881:Historical society 11876:Heritage registers 11764:Biblical criticism 11677:Islamic golden age 11628:Early Christianity 11508:Bears in antiquity 11396:Medieval Christian 11194:Pedro II of Brazil 11142:José de San Martín 10946:Syrian revolution 10858:Malayan Emergency 10833:1948 Palestine war 10566:Spanish Civil War 10516:War guilt question 10325:American Civil War 10305:Invasion of Russia 10281:New Russian School 10065:Colonial Australia 9781:October Revolution 9544:Strukturgeschichte 9480:Location of Alésia 9399:Hua–Yi distinction 9320:Moscow, third Rome 8936:Reconstruction era 8757:Black Egypt Thesis 8679:European Civil War 8635:Translatio imperii 8590:Invented tradition 7711:Historical sources 7478:Future generations 7410:Merdeka Generation 7405:Pioneer Generation 7119:Skeptical Inquirer 7018:Paul Joseph Watson 6993:Hans Alfred Nieper 6831:Statement analysis 6781:Intelligent design 6656:Reactionless drive 6490:Conversion therapy 6438:Ancient astronauts 6325:Leaky gut syndrome 6305:HIV/AIDS denialism 6060:Cargo cult science 5467:The Globe and Mail 5445:The New York Times 5414:The New York Times 5157:. January 16, 2020 5137:www.lifecourse.com 3926:. Broadway Books. 3800:The New York Times 3642:The Fourth Turning 3563:The New York Times 3298:The Fourth Turning 3259:The Fourth Turning 3249:In popular culture 3235:cultural evolution 3221:Rutgers University 3197:Millennials Rising 3188:helicopter parents 3180:product life-cycle 3159:Millennials Rising 3145:Millennials Rising 3125:Millennials Rising 3115:Millennials Rising 3076:The Globe and Mail 3049:The New York Times 3033:The Fourth Turning 3010:The Fourth Turning 2993:The Fourth Turning 2869:Harvard University 2858:Critical reception 2741:Prophet (Idealist) 2628:Prophet (Idealist) 2530:Prophet (Idealist) 2457:Liberty Generation 2440:Prophet (Idealist) 2351:Prophet (Idealist) 2348:Puritan Generation 2314:Marian Restoration 2262:Prophet (Idealist) 2204:Turning year span 2167:The Fourth Turning 2060:and preceding the 2026:and preceding the 2001: 1877: 1856:American Civil War 1840:American Civil War 1820: 1779:Civil War saeculum 1769:Napoleon Bonaparte 1748:Camille Desmoulins 1634: 1624:Liberty Generation 1592:Domenico Scarlatti 1511:puritan generation 1505:Puritan Generation 1500:New World saeculum 1424: 1286:Hundred Years' War 1149: 1068: 1041:The Fourth Turning 828:The Fourth Turning 651:Millennials Rising 629:The Fourth Turning 614:self-actualization 578:The Fourth Turning 504:, and Howe on the 473:Harvard University 450:The Fourth Turning 226:possibly contains 12033:Cyclical theories 12005: 12004: 11971: 11970: 11911: 11910: 11856: 11855: 11852: 11851: 11769:Catholic theology 11623:Avestan geography 11488: 11487: 11484: 11483: 11471:Søren Kierkegaard 11344: 11343: 11255:Warren G. Harding 11015: 11014: 11011: 11010: 10814: 10813: 10692:Armenian genocide 10555:Polish–Soviet War 10550:Burning of Smyrna 10536: 10535: 10526:Reichstag inquiry 10449:Patriotic consent 10320: 10319: 10295:War in the Vendée 10259:French Revolution 10241:century conflicts 10230:Peloponnesian War 10191:Eighty Years' War 10077: 10076: 10073: 10072: 10053: 10052: 10049: 10048: 9982:Westminster Stone 9679:Southern question 9518:Alltagsgeschichte 9468:Legendary Saracen 9170:Early settlements 8978: 8977: 8958:Political history 8943:Consensus history 8720: 8719: 8716: 8715: 8712: 8711: 8702:Continuity thesis 8641:Translatio studii 8527:Theory of history 8463: 8462: 8459: 8458: 8417:Subaltern Studies 8302:Nouvelle histoire 8227: 8226: 8223: 8222: 8139:Medieval churches 8126:Geistesgeschichte 8070:Paleoanthropology 7978:Encyclopaedistics 7866: 7865: 7862: 7861: 7734:Secondary sources 7597: 7596: 7375:Satori generation 7320: 7319: 7228:Silent Generation 7170: 7169: 7081:Cults of Unreason 7054:Scientific method 6983:Ministry of Ayush 6928:Nicholas Gonzalez 6854: 6853: 6791:Law of attraction 6771:Flat Earth theory 6651:Quantum mysticism 6591:Scientific racism 6547:Pseudoarchaeology 6453:Conspiracy theory 6151:characterized as 6095:Pseudomathematics 6085:Pseudoarchaeology 5978:978-0-9712606-5-8 5949:978-0-9712606-1-0 5920:978-0-375-70719-3 5877:978-0-553-06682-1 5848:978-0-679-74365-1 5805:978-0-688-08133-1 5741:The New Criterion 5183:. April 24, 2020. 5097:, pp. 51–52. 5085:, pp. 53–62. 4759:978-0-415-14361-5 4732:978-1-4020-6402-9 4613:, pp. 73–74. 4577:, pp. 36–41. 4517:, pp. 69–72. 4505:, pp. 40–41. 4493:, pp. 58–63. 4481:, pp. 14–15. 4457:, pp. 23–24. 4349:, pp. 58–68. 4328:on April 23, 2019 4221:978-1-9821-7373-9 4101:on March 15, 2017 4039:978-0-9712606-7-2 4008:978-1-4128-2999-1 3933:978-0-553-06682-1 3857:Publishers Weekly 3617:"Generation Gaps" 3340:Malthusian crisis 2912:Publishers Weekly 2855: 2854: 2851:2008–2033? 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Toynbee 745:social generation 683:Concord Coalition 675:pancreatic cancer 589: 588: 502:Vietnam War draft 492:History and works 454:Thirteen Colonies 391: 390: 383: 373: 372: 365: 347: 271: 270: 263: 228:original research 209: 208: 201: 139: 138: 131: 102:with its subject. 81: 16:(Redirected from 12055: 11994: 11993: 11984: 11983: 11936:Documentary film 11917: 11916: 11896:History journals 11862: 11861: 11835: 11707: 11643:Primacy of Peter 11590:Great Depression 11570: 11569: 11543: 11521: 11494: 11493: 11442:J. R. R. Tolkien 11297: 11296: 11292: 11280: 11268: 11250:Ulysses S. 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Most of the 1808: 1802: 1786: 1781: 1756: 1654: 1626: 1609: 1604: 1588:Antonio Vivaldi 1571: 1546: 1533: 1527: 1517:(1639–1651) by 1507: 1502: 1489: 1468: 1436: 1416:Sir Thomas More 1408: 1403: 1395:Dominic Mancini 1371:Cardinal Wolsey 1294: 1278: 1273: 1268: 1203: 1183:during a Crisis 1176: 1164:G.I. Generation 1126: 1114:Lost Generation 1095: 1064:Abraham Lincoln 1057: 1019: 991:Anthony Wallace 987:George Modelski 963:1960s and 1970s 925: 917:G.I. generation 898: 878: 863: 836: 816: 753:young adulthood 737: 723:Generation Zero 714:Generation Zero 571: 548: 542:External videos 510:Lawrence Baskir 506:G.I. Generation 494: 480:journalists as 415:Western history 399:William Strauss 387: 376: 375: 374: 369: 358: 352: 349: 306: 304: 298: 294:primary sources 282: 267: 256: 250: 247: 232: 220: 216: 205: 194: 188: 185: 170: 150: 135: 124: 118: 115: 104: 93: 89: 52: 48: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 12061: 12051: 12050: 12045: 12040: 12035: 12030: 12025: 12020: 12003: 12002: 11999: 11998: 11988: 11977: 11976: 11973: 11972: 11969: 11968: 11966: 11965: 11960: 11959: 11958: 11953: 11943: 11938: 11933: 11927: 11924: 11923: 11913: 11912: 11909: 11908: 11906: 11905: 11904: 11903: 11893: 11888: 11878: 11872: 11869: 11868: 11858: 11857: 11854: 11853: 11850: 11849: 11847: 11846: 11841: 11836: 11829: 11824: 11818: 11816: 11807: 11806: 11804: 11803: 11802: 11801: 11796: 11791: 11786: 11781: 11776: 11771: 11766: 11758: 11757: 11756: 11744: 11739: 11738: 11737: 11732: 11727: 11717: 11712: 11711: 11710: 11709: 11708: 11686: 11685: 11684: 11679: 11674: 11669: 11659: 11658: 11657: 11652: 11651: 11650: 11640: 11635: 11625: 11619: 11617: 11611: 11610: 11608: 11607: 11606: 11605: 11600: 11592: 11587: 11582: 11576: 11574: 11567: 11566: 11561: 11556: 11549: 11544: 11537: 11532: 11527: 11522: 11510: 11504: 11501: 11500: 11490: 11489: 11486: 11485: 11482: 11481: 11479: 11478: 11473: 11468: 11463: 11458: 11453: 11452: 11451: 11439: 11438: 11437: 11436: 11435: 11430: 11425: 11415: 11410: 11400: 11399: 11398: 11393: 11388: 11378: 11373: 11368: 11363: 11361:Charles Darwin 11358: 11352: 11350: 11346: 11345: 11342: 11341: 11339: 11338: 11333: 11331:United Kingdom 11328: 11323: 11321:Modern Germany 11318: 11313: 11307: 11305: 11294: 11293: 11281: 11269: 11257: 11252: 11247: 11242: 11240:Thomas Aquinas 11237: 11225: 11220: 11219: 11218: 11213: 11196: 11191: 11186: 11181: 11176: 11164: 11159: 11154: 11149: 11144: 11139: 11127: 11115: 11110: 11108:Horatio Nelson 11105: 11100: 11095: 11083: 11071: 11066: 11061: 11056: 11051: 11046: 11040: 11038: 11028: 11027: 11017: 11016: 11013: 11012: 11009: 11008: 11005: 11004: 10993: 10992: 10989: 10988: 10986: 10985: 10980: 10975: 10970: 10964: 10962: 10958: 10957: 10955: 10954: 10953: 10952: 10944: 10943: 10942: 10940:Responsibility 10937: 10928: 10926: 10922: 10921: 10919: 10918: 10917: 10916: 10908: 10907: 10906: 10896: 10891: 10890: 10889: 10881: 10880: 10879: 10871: 10866: 10865: 10864: 10856: 10855: 10854: 10852:New Historians 10849: 10844: 10830: 10824: 10822: 10816: 10815: 10812: 10811: 10809: 10808: 10796: 10789: 10782: 10776: 10774: 10770: 10769: 10767: 10766: 10765: 10764: 10756: 10751: 10746: 10740: 10738: 10734: 10733: 10731: 10730: 10725: 10720: 10718:Responsibility 10715: 10710: 10709: 10708: 10698: 10688: 10683: 10678: 10672: 10670: 10664: 10663: 10661: 10660: 10659: 10658: 10653: 10643: 10638: 10633: 10628: 10622: 10620: 10613: 10612: 10607: 10602: 10597: 10592: 10586: 10584: 10578: 10577: 10575: 10574: 10573: 10572: 10564: 10563: 10562: 10552: 10546: 10544: 10538: 10537: 10534: 10533: 10531: 10530: 10529: 10528: 10523: 10513: 10507: 10505: 10494: 10482: 10476:Spirit of 1914 10473: 10468: 10463: 10458: 10446: 10436: 10433:Fischer thesis 10422: 10420: 10414: 10413: 10411: 10410: 10409: 10408: 10396: 10388: 10387: 10386: 10376: 10374:Paraguayan War 10371: 10370: 10369: 10359: 10354: 10353: 10352: 10347: 10339: 10338: 10337: 10332: 10321: 10318: 10317: 10315: 10314: 10313: 10312: 10307: 10300:Napoleonic era 10297: 10292: 10291: 10290: 10278: 10273: 10264:Pre-revolution 10255: 10253: 10249:Coalition Wars 10242: 10236: 10235: 10233: 10232: 10227: 10226: 10225: 10220: 10210: 10205: 10200: 10199: 10198: 10188: 10187: 10186: 10176: 10175: 10174: 10163: 10161: 10155: 10154: 10151: 10150: 10143: 10135: 10134: 10131: 10130: 10127:historiography 10120: 10119: 10112: 10105: 10097: 10090: 10089: 10079: 10078: 10075: 10074: 10071: 10070: 10068: 10067: 10061: 10059: 10055: 10054: 10051: 10050: 10047: 10046: 10044: 10043: 10038: 10033: 10027: 10025: 10014: 10013: 10008: 10007: 10006: 9996: 9991: 9986: 9985: 9984: 9979: 9969: 9963: 9961: 9953: 9952: 9950: 9949: 9948: 9947: 9945:Decline thesis 9942: 9935:Ottoman Empire 9932: 9926: 9924: 9920: 9919: 9917: 9916: 9904: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9881: 9880: 9861: 9849: 9844: 9837: 9832: 9827: 9817: 9815: 9811: 9810: 9808: 9807: 9806: 9805: 9800: 9795: 9785: 9784: 9783: 9773: 9772: 9771: 9762:Skeptic School 9747: 9745:Anti-Normanism 9741: 9739: 9735: 9734: 9732: 9731: 9719: 9714: 9709: 9704: 9702:Golden Liberty 9698: 9696: 9692: 9691: 9689: 9688: 9687: 9686: 9684:Neo-Bourbonism 9676: 9671: 9664: 9657: 9652: 9645: 9639: 9637: 9633: 9632: 9630: 9629: 9624: 9619: 9612: 9606: 9604: 9598: 9597: 9595: 9594: 9589: 9584: 9578: 9576: 9570: 9569: 9567: 9566: 9559: 9554: 9540: 9533: 9526: 9524:Borussian myth 9521: 9513: 9511: 9505: 9504: 9502: 9501: 9489: 9477: 9465: 9458: 9446: 9438: 9436: 9432: 9431: 9429: 9428: 9423: 9418: 9413: 9412: 9411: 9406: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9385: 9384: 9374: 9369: 9357: 9352: 9346: 9344: 9338: 9337: 9335: 9334: 9333: 9332: 9327: 9322: 9317: 9307: 9302: 9297: 9292: 9291: 9290: 9280: 9274: 9272: 9263: 9262: 9261: 9260: 9255: 9245: 9244: 9243: 9235: 9230: 9225: 9224: 9223: 9215: 9214: 9213: 9203: 9202: 9201: 9193: 9192: 9191: 9174: 9173: 9172: 9162: 9157: 9156: 9155: 9150: 9140: 9135: 9134: 9133: 9125: 9124: 9123: 9113: 9112: 9111: 9101: 9100: 9099: 9087: 9075: 9060: 9055: 9054: 9053: 9029: 9024: 9023: 9022: 9014: 9009: 9008: 9007: 8999: 8998: 8997: 8995:Dealbanisation 8986: 8984: 8980: 8979: 8976: 8975: 8973: 8972: 8967: 8966: 8965: 8955: 8950: 8945: 8940: 8939: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8917: 8915: 8909: 8908: 8906: 8905: 8904: 8903: 8891: 8890: 8889: 8879: 8878: 8877: 8865: 8859:May Revolution 8850: 8848: 8839: 8838: 8833: 8832: 8831: 8829:Staples thesis 8826: 8821: 8810: 8808: 8804: 8803: 8801: 8800: 8793: 8792: 8791: 8783: 8782: 8781: 8773: 8768: 8767: 8766: 8754: 8745: 8743: 8733: 8732: 8722: 8721: 8718: 8717: 8714: 8713: 8710: 8709: 8707: 8706: 8705: 8704: 8694: 8685: 8676: 8671: 8665: 8663: 8661:modern history 8652: 8651: 8644: 8631: 8626: 8621: 8620: 8619: 8607: 8605:Paradigm shift 8602: 8597: 8592: 8587: 8578: 8573: 8568: 8559: 8553: 8551: 8547: 8546: 8544: 8543: 8538: 8537: 8536: 8512: 8507: 8502: 8497: 8492: 8486: 8484: 8476: 8475: 8465: 8464: 8461: 8460: 8457: 8456: 8454: 8453: 8452: 8451: 8441: 8436: 8431: 8426: 8421: 8420: 8419: 8409: 8408: 8407: 8402: 8392: 8391: 8390: 8380: 8375: 8363: 8358: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8332: 8331: 8321: 8316: 8307: 8306: 8305: 8298: 8291:Annales school 8287: 8285: 8276: 8275: 8274: 8273: 8268: 8261: 8251: 8245: 8242: 8241: 8229: 8228: 8225: 8224: 8221: 8220: 8218: 8217: 8216: 8215: 8210: 8205: 8204: 8203: 8193: 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8163: 8162: 8161: 8156: 8154:Constitutional 8146: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8130: 8129: 8117: 8116: 8115: 8110: 8105: 8100: 8090: 8077: 8072: 8062: 8060: 8056: 8055: 8053: 8052: 8047: 8042: 8037: 8032: 8030:Postage stamps 8027: 8022: 8017: 8016: 8015: 8005: 8000: 7995: 7990: 7985: 7980: 7975: 7970: 7969: 7968: 7958: 7953: 7944: 7929: 7927: 7923: 7922: 7920: 7919: 7914: 7909: 7908: 7907: 7897: 7891: 7889: 7881: 7880: 7868: 7867: 7864: 7863: 7860: 7859: 7857: 7856: 7855: 7854: 7844: 7839: 7834: 7829: 7827:Oral tradition 7824: 7823: 7822: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7751: 7749: 7745: 7744: 7742: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7725: 7723: 7715: 7714: 7702: 7701: 7698: 7697: 7690: 7683: 7676: 7668: 7667: 7660: 7659: 7658: 7639: 7638: 7635: 7634: 7631:Historiography 7627: 7626: 7619: 7612: 7604: 7595: 7594: 7592: 7591: 7586: 7584:Digital divide 7581: 7574: 7568: 7566: 7562: 7561: 7559: 7558: 7553: 7548: 7543: 7542: 7541: 7536: 7531: 7526: 7516: 7511: 7506: 7504:Generation gap 7500: 7498: 7494: 7493: 7491: 7490: 7485: 7480: 7474: 7472: 7468: 7467: 7465: 7464: 7463: 7462: 7454: 7453: 7452: 7447: 7441:United States 7439: 7438: 7437: 7429: 7428: 7427: 7422: 7420:386 Generation 7414: 7413: 7412: 7407: 7399: 7398: 7397: 7389: 7388: 7387: 7379: 7378: 7377: 7369: 7368: 7367: 7359: 7358: 7357: 7349: 7348: 7347: 7342: 7337: 7328: 7326: 7322: 7321: 7318: 7317: 7315: 7314: 7312:MTV Generation 7309: 7304: 7298: 7296: 7292: 7291: 7289: 7288: 7283: 7278: 7273: 7267: 7265: 7256: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7225: 7220: 7214: 7212: 7208: 7207: 7200: 7199: 7192: 7185: 7177: 7168: 7167: 7165: 7164: 7157: 7150: 7143: 7136: 7129: 7122: 7115: 7110: 7105: 7098: 7091: 7084: 7077: 7071: 7069: 7065: 7064: 7062: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7035: 7033: 7032:Related topics 7029: 7028: 7026: 7025: 7020: 7015: 7013:Randolph Stone 7010: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6988:Theodor Morell 6985: 6980: 6978:Joseph Mercola 6975: 6973:Jenny McCarthy 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6938:Graham Hancock 6935: 6933:Goop (company) 6930: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6908:Vernon Coleman 6905: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6875: 6870: 6864: 6862: 6856: 6855: 6852: 6851: 6849: 6848: 6843: 6838: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6803: 6798: 6793: 6788: 6783: 6778: 6773: 6768: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6742: 6741: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6716: 6711: 6706: 6701: 6695: 6693: 6689: 6688: 6686: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6673:Teleportation‎ 6670: 6669: 6668: 6663: 6653: 6648: 6642: 6636: 6631: 6625: 6623: 6619: 6618: 6616: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6604: 6603: 6601:Melanin theory 6598: 6588: 6587: 6586: 6576: 6571: 6570: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6549: 6544: 6542:Parapsychology 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6508: 6507: 6502: 6492: 6487: 6486: 6485: 6480: 6475: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6435: 6429: 6427: 6426:Social science 6423: 6422: 6420: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6398: 6397: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6375:Primal therapy 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6340:Magnet therapy 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6277: 6272: 6267: 6262: 6261: 6260: 6253:Detoxification 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6164: 6162: 6155: 6145: 6144: 6142: 6141: 6138:Voodoo Science 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6098: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6080:Fringe science 6072: 6067: 6062: 6056: 6054: 6050: 6049: 6044: 6041: 6040: 6033: 6032: 6025: 6018: 6010: 6004: 6003: 5996: 5995:External links 5993: 5992: 5991: 5977: 5962: 5948: 5933: 5919: 5904: 5876: 5861: 5847: 5832: 5804: 5787: 5784: 5781: 5780: 5754: 5722: 5694: 5668: 5650: 5648:, pp. 84. 5638: 5612: 5599:(2): 194–201. 5576: 5550: 5524: 5502: 5487: 5472: 5457: 5431: 5400: 5374: 5351: 5328: 5305: 5282: 5270:"Confirmation" 5260: 5231: 5216: 5202: 5186: 5168: 5155:Dictionary.com 5142: 5124: 5099: 5087: 5072: 5046: 5021: 4996: 4971: 4946: 4921: 4896: 4871: 4846: 4821: 4812: 4787: 4758: 4738: 4731: 4713: 4701: 4676: 4651: 4649:, pp. 84. 4639: 4627: 4625:, pp. 70. 4615: 4603: 4591: 4589:, pp. 40. 4579: 4567: 4546: 4544:, pp. 93. 4534: 4532:, pp. 71. 4519: 4507: 4495: 4483: 4471: 4459: 4447: 4435: 4423: 4411: 4399: 4387: 4375: 4363: 4351: 4339: 4308: 4279: 4253: 4227: 4220: 4200: 4174: 4148: 4136: 4124: 4112: 4072: 4057: 4045: 4038: 4021: 4007: 3987: 3985:, pp. 14. 3975: 3957: 3939: 3932: 3912: 3884: 3870: 3841: 3812: 3786: 3757: 3726: 3676: 3648: 3598: 3575: 3538: 3526: 3493: 3467: 3466: 3464: 3461: 3458: 3457: 3436: 3423: 3400: 3390: 3375: 3374: 3372: 3369: 3368: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3337: 3332: 3327: 3322: 3317: 3312: 3305: 3302: 3250: 3247: 3167: 3164: 3117: 3112: 3063: 3058: 2995: 2990: 2964:New York Times 2924:Jonathan Alter 2887: 2882: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2852: 2849: 2831: 2830:2006–2029 (24) 2828: 2825: 2819: 2818: 2815: 2793: 2792:1982–2005 (24) 2790: 2787: 2781: 2780: 2777: 2767: 2766:1961–1981 (21) 2764: 2761: 2755: 2754: 2751: 2745: 2744:1943–1960 (18) 2742: 2739: 2733: 2732: 2728: 2727: 2724: 2714: 2713:1925–1942 (18) 2711: 2708: 2702: 2701: 2698: 2684: 2683:1901–1924 (24) 2681: 2678: 2672: 2671: 2668: 2658: 2657:1883–1900 (18) 2655: 2652: 2646: 2645: 2642: 2636:Reconstruction 2632: 2631:1860–1882 (23) 2629: 2626: 2622: 2621: 2617: 2616: 2615:1860–1865 (5) 2613: 2607: 2606:1843–1859 (17) 2604: 2601: 2597: 2596: 2593: 2579: 2577: 2574: 2568: 2567: 2564: 2554: 2553:1822–1842 (21) 2551: 2548: 2544: 2543: 2540: 2534: 2533:1792–1821 (28) 2531: 2528: 2524: 2523: 2519: 2518: 2515: 2509: 2508:1767–1791 (23) 2506: 2503: 2499: 2498: 2495: 2484: 2483:1742–1766 (25) 2481: 2478: 2474: 2473: 2470: 2464: 2463:1724–1741 (18) 2461: 2458: 2454: 2453: 2450: 2444: 2443:1701–1723 (23) 2441: 2438: 2434: 2433: 2429: 2428: 2425: 2419: 2418:1674–1700 (27) 2416: 2413: 2409: 2408: 2405: 2399: 2398:1648–1673 (26) 2396: 2393: 2389: 2388: 2385: 2375: 2374:1618–1647 (30) 2372: 2369: 2365: 2364: 2361: 2359:Merrie England 2355: 2354:1588–1617 (30) 2352: 2349: 2345: 2344: 2340: 2339: 2336: 2330: 2329:1566–1587 (22) 2327: 2324: 2320: 2319: 2316: 2306: 2305:1541–1565 (24) 2303: 2300: 2296: 2295: 2292: 2286: 2285:1512–1540 (29) 2283: 2280: 2276: 2275: 2272: 2266: 2265:1483–1511 (28) 2263: 2260: 2256: 2255: 2251: 2250: 2247: 2241: 2240:1461–1482 (22) 2238: 2235: 2231: 2230: 2227: 2221: 2220:1433–1460 (28) 2218: 2215: 2211: 2210: 2206: 2205: 2202: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2183:organic cycles 2158: 2155: 2136: 2133: 2114: 2111: 2092: 2089: 2077:Main article: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2066: 2046:Main article: 2043: 2040: 2022:following the 1993:Anchors Aweigh 1981:Main article: 1978: 1975: 1955:Main article: 1952: 1949: 1894:prohibitionism 1892:" journalism, 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1847: 1844: 1830:, conspicuous 1801: 1798: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1765:Andrew Jackson 1755: 1752: 1744:Georges Danton 1653: 1650: 1625: 1622: 1608: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1570: 1567: 1545: 1542: 1526: 1523: 1519:King Charles I 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1488: 1485: 1467: 1464: 1452:Spanish Armada 1435: 1432: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1363:Thomas Linacre 1344:Greek language 1337:Printing press 1293: 1290: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1263: 1262: 1261: 1260: 1257: 1251: 1250: 1249: 1246: 1240: 1239: 1238: 1235: 1228: 1227: 1226: 1220: 1219: 1218: 1212: 1211: 1210: 1202: 1199: 1175: 1172: 1125: 1122: 1094: 1091: 1056: 1053: 1018: 1015: 924: 921: 897: 894: 877: 874: 862: 859: 835: 832: 818:While writing 815: 812: 736: 733: 642:New York Times 633:generation gap 587: 586: 567: 566: 544: 543: 512:about how the 493: 490: 389: 388: 371: 370: 285: 283: 276: 269: 268: 223: 221: 214: 207: 206: 153: 151: 144: 137: 136: 96: 94: 87: 82: 56: 55: 53: 46: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12060: 12049: 12048:Pseudoscience 12046: 12044: 12041: 12039: 12036: 12034: 12031: 12029: 12026: 12024: 12021: 12019: 12016: 12015: 12013: 11997: 11989: 11987: 11979: 11978: 11974: 11964: 11961: 11957: 11954: 11952: 11949: 11948: 11947: 11944: 11942: 11939: 11937: 11934: 11932: 11929: 11928: 11925: 11918: 11914: 11902: 11899: 11898: 11897: 11894: 11892: 11889: 11886: 11882: 11879: 11877: 11874: 11873: 11870: 11863: 11859: 11845: 11842: 11840: 11837: 11834: 11830: 11828: 11825: 11823: 11822:Merton thesis 11820: 11819: 11817: 11812: 11808: 11800: 11797: 11795: 11792: 11790: 11787: 11785: 11782: 11780: 11777: 11775: 11774:Panbabylonism 11772: 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11761: 11759: 11755: 11754: 11750: 11749: 11748: 11745: 11743: 11740: 11736: 11733: 11731: 11728: 11726: 11723: 11722: 11721: 11718: 11716: 11713: 11705: 11700: 11697: 11696: 11695: 11692: 11691: 11690: 11687: 11683: 11680: 11678: 11675: 11673: 11670: 11668: 11665: 11664: 11663: 11660: 11656: 11653: 11649: 11646: 11645: 11644: 11641: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11630: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11620: 11618: 11616: 11612: 11604: 11601: 11599: 11596: 11595: 11593: 11591: 11588: 11586: 11583: 11581: 11578: 11577: 11575: 11571: 11565: 11562: 11560: 11557: 11555: 11554: 11550: 11548: 11545: 11542: 11538: 11536: 11533: 11531: 11528: 11526: 11523: 11519: 11514: 11511: 11509: 11506: 11505: 11502: 11495: 11491: 11477: 11474: 11472: 11469: 11467: 11464: 11462: 11459: 11457: 11454: 11450: 11449: 11445: 11444: 11443: 11440: 11434: 11431: 11429: 11426: 11424: 11421: 11420: 11419: 11416: 11414: 11411: 11409: 11406: 11405: 11404: 11401: 11397: 11394: 11392: 11389: 11387: 11384: 11383: 11382: 11379: 11377: 11374: 11372: 11369: 11367: 11364: 11362: 11359: 11357: 11354: 11353: 11351: 11347: 11337: 11336:United States 11334: 11332: 11329: 11327: 11324: 11322: 11319: 11317: 11314: 11312: 11309: 11308: 11306: 11304: 11298: 11290: 11285: 11282: 11278: 11273: 11270: 11266: 11261: 11258: 11256: 11253: 11251: 11248: 11246: 11243: 11241: 11238: 11234: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11217: 11216:Bolivarianism 11214: 11210: 11205: 11202: 11201: 11200: 11199:Simon Bolivar 11197: 11195: 11192: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11182: 11180: 11177: 11173: 11168: 11165: 11163: 11160: 11158: 11155: 11153: 11150: 11148: 11145: 11143: 11140: 11136: 11131: 11130:Joseph Stalin 11128: 11124: 11119: 11116: 11114: 11111: 11109: 11106: 11104: 11101: 11099: 11096: 11092: 11087: 11084: 11080: 11075: 11072: 11070: 11067: 11065: 11062: 11060: 11057: 11055: 11052: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11041: 11039: 11033: 11029: 11022: 11018: 11003: 10995: 10994: 10990: 10984: 10981: 10979: 10976: 10974: 10971: 10969: 10966: 10965: 10963: 10959: 10951: 10948: 10947: 10945: 10941: 10938: 10936: 10933: 10932: 10930: 10929: 10927: 10925:Post-Cold War 10923: 10915: 10912: 10911: 10909: 10905: 10902: 10901: 10900: 10899:Falklands War 10897: 10895: 10894:Iran–Iraq War 10892: 10888: 10885: 10884: 10882: 10878: 10875: 10874: 10872: 10870: 10867: 10863: 10860: 10859: 10857: 10853: 10850: 10848: 10845: 10843: 10842:Ongoing Nakba 10839: 10836: 10835: 10834: 10831: 10829: 10826: 10825: 10823: 10821: 10817: 10805: 10800: 10797: 10795: 10794: 10790: 10788: 10787: 10783: 10781: 10778: 10777: 10775: 10773:Western Front 10771: 10763: 10760: 10759: 10757: 10755: 10754:Bengal famine 10752: 10750: 10747: 10745: 10742: 10741: 10739: 10735: 10729: 10726: 10724: 10721: 10719: 10716: 10714: 10711: 10707: 10704: 10703: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10693: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10682: 10679: 10677: 10674: 10673: 10671: 10669: 10668:The Holocaust 10665: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10648: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10623: 10621: 10619:Eastern Front 10617: 10611: 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10591: 10588: 10587: 10585: 10583: 10579: 10571: 10568: 10567: 10565: 10561: 10558: 10557: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10547: 10545: 10543: 10539: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10518: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10508: 10506: 10504: 10498: 10491: 10486: 10483: 10481: 10477: 10474: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10464: 10462: 10459: 10455: 10450: 10447: 10444: 10440: 10437: 10434: 10430: 10426: 10423: 10421: 10419: 10415: 10405: 10400: 10397: 10395: 10392: 10391: 10389: 10385: 10382: 10381: 10380: 10377: 10375: 10372: 10368: 10365: 10364: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10351: 10350:Paris Commune 10348: 10346: 10343: 10342: 10340: 10336: 10335:Turning point 10333: 10331: 10328: 10327: 10326: 10323: 10322: 10311: 10308: 10306: 10303: 10302: 10301: 10298: 10296: 10293: 10287: 10282: 10279: 10277: 10274: 10270: 10265: 10262: 10261: 10260: 10257: 10256: 10254: 10250: 10246: 10243: 10239:18th and 19th 10237: 10231: 10228: 10224: 10221: 10219: 10216: 10215: 10214: 10211: 10209: 10206: 10204: 10201: 10197: 10194: 10193: 10192: 10189: 10185: 10184:Islamic views 10182: 10181: 10180: 10177: 10173: 10170: 10169: 10168: 10165: 10164: 10162: 10156: 10149: 10148: 10144: 10142: 10141: 10137: 10136: 10132: 10128: 10125: 10118: 10113: 10111: 10106: 10104: 10099: 10098: 10095: 10091: 10084: 10080: 10066: 10063: 10062: 10060: 10056: 10042: 10039: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10028: 10026: 10024: 10018: 10012: 10009: 10005: 10002: 10001: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9974: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9964: 9962: 9960: 9954: 9946: 9943: 9941: 9938: 9937: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9927: 9925: 9921: 9913: 9908: 9907:Ser de España 9905: 9901: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9877: 9872: 9869: 9868: 9867: 9866: 9862: 9858: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9842: 9838: 9836: 9833: 9831: 9828: 9826: 9822: 9819: 9818: 9816: 9812: 9804: 9801: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9791: 9790: 9789: 9786: 9782: 9779: 9778: 9777: 9774: 9768: 9763: 9760: 9759: 9756: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9742: 9740: 9736: 9728: 9723: 9720: 9718: 9715: 9713: 9710: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9700: 9699: 9697: 9693: 9685: 9682: 9681: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9669: 9665: 9663: 9662: 9658: 9656: 9653: 9651: 9650: 9646: 9644: 9641: 9640: 9638: 9634: 9628: 9625: 9623: 9620: 9617: 9613: 9611: 9608: 9607: 9605: 9603: 9599: 9593: 9590: 9588: 9585: 9583: 9580: 9579: 9577: 9575: 9571: 9565: 9564: 9560: 9558: 9555: 9553: 9550: 9545: 9541: 9539: 9538: 9534: 9532: 9531: 9527: 9525: 9522: 9520: 9519: 9515: 9514: 9512: 9510: 9506: 9498: 9493: 9490: 9486: 9481: 9478: 9474: 9469: 9466: 9464: 9463: 9459: 9455: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9444: 9440: 9439: 9437: 9433: 9427: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9417: 9414: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9401: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9383: 9380: 9379: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9370: 9366: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9347: 9345: 9343: 9339: 9331: 9328: 9326: 9325:Ottoman claim 9323: 9321: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9312: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9305:Prosopography 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9289: 9286: 9285: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9275: 9273: 9271: 9267: 9259: 9258:Trưng sisters 9256: 9254: 9253: 9249: 9248: 9246: 9242: 9239: 9238: 9236: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9222: 9219: 9218: 9216: 9212: 9209: 9208: 9207: 9204: 9200: 9197: 9196: 9194: 9190: 9187: 9186: 9183: 9178: 9175: 9171: 9168: 9167: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9154: 9151: 9149: 9146: 9145: 9144: 9141: 9139: 9136: 9132: 9129: 9128: 9126: 9122: 9119: 9118: 9117: 9114: 9110: 9109: 9105: 9104: 9102: 9096: 9091: 9088: 9084: 9079: 9076: 9072: 9067: 9064: 9063: 9061: 9059: 9056: 9050: 9045: 9042: 9041: 9038: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9021: 9018: 9017: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9006: 9005:Habsburg myth 9003: 9002: 9000: 8996: 8993: 8992: 8991: 8988: 8987: 8985: 8981: 8971: 8968: 8964: 8961: 8960: 8959: 8956: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8923: 8922: 8919: 8918: 8916: 8914: 8913:United States 8910: 8902: 8901: 8897: 8896: 8895: 8892: 8888: 8885: 8884: 8883: 8880: 8874: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8860: 8857: 8856: 8855: 8852: 8851: 8849: 8847: 8846:Latin America 8843: 8837: 8834: 8830: 8827: 8825: 8822: 8820: 8817: 8816: 8815: 8812: 8811: 8809: 8805: 8799: 8798: 8794: 8790: 8787: 8786: 8784: 8780: 8777: 8776: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8763: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8750: 8749: 8747: 8746: 8744: 8742: 8738: 8734: 8727: 8723: 8703: 8700: 8699: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8666: 8664: 8662: 8656: 8650: 8649: 8645: 8643: 8642: 8637: 8636: 8632: 8630: 8627: 8625: 8622: 8618: 8615: 8614: 8613: 8612: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8601: 8598: 8596: 8593: 8591: 8588: 8586: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8563: 8560: 8558: 8555: 8554: 8552: 8548: 8542: 8539: 8533: 8528: 8525: 8524: 8521: 8516: 8513: 8511: 8508: 8506: 8503: 8501: 8498: 8496: 8493: 8491: 8488: 8487: 8485: 8481: 8477: 8470: 8466: 8450: 8447: 8446: 8445: 8442: 8440: 8439:Transnational 8437: 8435: 8432: 8430: 8427: 8425: 8422: 8418: 8415: 8414: 8413: 8410: 8406: 8403: 8401: 8398: 8397: 8396: 8393: 8389: 8386: 8385: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8372: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8330: 8329:Decoloniality 8327: 8326: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8311: 8310:Historiometry 8308: 8304: 8303: 8299: 8297: 8294: 8293: 8292: 8289: 8288: 8286: 8280: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8266: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8256: 8255: 8254:Periodization 8252: 8250: 8247: 8246: 8243: 8239: 8234: 8230: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8206: 8202: 8199: 8198: 8197: 8194: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8168: 8167: 8164: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8151: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8128: 8127: 8123: 8122: 8121: 8118: 8114: 8111: 8109: 8106: 8104: 8101: 8099: 8096: 8095: 8094: 8091: 8089: 8085: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8073: 8071: 8067: 8064: 8063: 8061: 8057: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8040:Sigillography 8038: 8036: 8035:Prosopography 8033: 8031: 8028: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8018: 8014: 8011: 8010: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8001: 7999: 7996: 7994: 7991: 7989: 7986: 7984: 7981: 7979: 7976: 7974: 7971: 7967: 7964: 7963: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7948: 7945: 7942: 7938: 7934: 7931: 7930: 7928: 7924: 7918: 7915: 7913: 7912:Local history 7910: 7906: 7905:Human history 7903: 7902: 7901: 7900:World history 7898: 7896: 7893: 7892: 7890: 7886: 7882: 7878: 7873: 7869: 7853: 7850: 7849: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7838: 7835: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7821: 7818: 7817: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7752: 7750: 7746: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7726: 7724: 7720: 7716: 7712: 7707: 7703: 7696: 7695: 7691: 7689: 7688: 7684: 7682: 7681: 7677: 7675: 7674: 7670: 7669: 7666: 7665: 7661: 7657: 7656: 7652: 7648: 7647: 7646: 7645: 7641: 7640: 7636: 7632: 7625: 7620: 7618: 7613: 7611: 7606: 7605: 7602: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7579: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7569: 7567: 7563: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7547: 7544: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7530: 7527: 7525: 7522: 7521: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7514:Generationism 7512: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7501: 7499: 7495: 7489: 7486: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7476: 7475: 7473: 7469: 7461: 7460:9X Generation 7458: 7457: 7455: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7442: 7440: 7436: 7433: 7432: 7430: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7417: 7415: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7402: 7400: 7396: 7393: 7392: 7390: 7386: 7383: 7382: 7380: 7376: 7373: 7372: 7370: 7366: 7363: 7362: 7360: 7356: 7353: 7352: 7350: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7332: 7330: 7329: 7327: 7323: 7313: 7310: 7308: 7307:Me generation 7305: 7303: 7300: 7299: 7297: 7293: 7287: 7284: 7282: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7272: 7269: 7268: 7266: 7264: 7260: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7216: 7215: 7213: 7209: 7205: 7198: 7193: 7191: 7186: 7184: 7179: 7178: 7175: 7163: 7162: 7158: 7156: 7155: 7151: 7149: 7148: 7144: 7142: 7141: 7137: 7135: 7134: 7130: 7128: 7127: 7123: 7121: 7120: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7103: 7102:Fortean Times 7099: 7097: 7096: 7092: 7090: 7089: 7085: 7083: 7082: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7072: 7070: 7066: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7036: 7034: 7030: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7008: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6898:Deepak Chopra 6896: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6865: 6863: 6861:pseudoscience 6857: 6847: 6844: 6842: 6839: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6740: 6737: 6736: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6729:Cryptozoology 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6696: 6694: 6690: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6671: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6658: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6646: 6643: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6629:Anti-gravity‎ 6627: 6626: 6624: 6620: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6593: 6592: 6589: 6585: 6582: 6581: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6554: 6553: 6552:Pseudohistory 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6500:Generationism 6498: 6497: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6476: 6474: 6471: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6458:5G conspiracy 6456: 6455: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6448:Catastrophism 6446: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6430: 6428: 6424: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6396: 6393: 6392: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6295:FasciaBlaster 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6273: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6259: 6256: 6255: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6233:Correactology 6231: 6229: 6228:Chromotherapy 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6165: 6163: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6153:pseudoscience 6146: 6140: 6139: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6090:Pseudohistory 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6077: 6076: 6075:Fringe theory 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6051: 6047: 6042: 6038: 6037:Pseudoscience 6031: 6026: 6024: 6019: 6017: 6012: 6011: 6008: 6002: 5999: 5998: 5988: 5984: 5980: 5974: 5970: 5969: 5963: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5945: 5941: 5940: 5934: 5930: 5926: 5922: 5916: 5912: 5911: 5905: 5901: 5895: 5887: 5883: 5879: 5873: 5869: 5868: 5862: 5858: 5854: 5850: 5844: 5840: 5839: 5833: 5829: 5823: 5815: 5811: 5807: 5801: 5797: 5796: 5790: 5789: 5769: 5765: 5758: 5743: 5742: 5737: 5735: 5726: 5711: 5710: 5705: 5698: 5683: 5679: 5672: 5664: 5663:Peter Turchin 5660: 5654: 5647: 5642: 5627: 5623: 5616: 5607: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5587: 5580: 5565: 5561: 5554: 5535: 5528: 5512: 5506: 5498: 5491: 5483: 5476: 5468: 5461: 5446: 5442: 5435: 5419: 5415: 5411: 5404: 5389: 5385: 5378: 5362: 5355: 5339: 5332: 5316: 5309: 5293: 5286: 5271: 5264: 5249: 5242: 5235: 5228:. p. E1. 5227: 5220: 5212: 5206: 5199: 5195: 5190: 5182: 5178: 5172: 5156: 5152: 5146: 5138: 5134: 5128: 5113: 5109: 5103: 5096: 5091: 5084: 5079: 5077: 5060: 5056: 5050: 5035: 5031: 5025: 5010: 5006: 5000: 4985: 4981: 4975: 4960: 4956: 4950: 4935: 4931: 4925: 4910: 4906: 4900: 4885: 4881: 4875: 4860: 4856: 4850: 4835: 4831: 4825: 4816: 4801: 4797: 4791: 4783: 4777: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4755: 4751: 4750: 4742: 4734: 4728: 4724: 4717: 4710: 4705: 4690: 4689:History Guide 4686: 4680: 4665: 4661: 4655: 4648: 4643: 4636: 4631: 4624: 4619: 4612: 4607: 4600: 4595: 4588: 4583: 4576: 4571: 4563: 4559: 4558: 4550: 4543: 4538: 4531: 4526: 4524: 4516: 4511: 4504: 4499: 4492: 4487: 4480: 4475: 4468: 4463: 4456: 4451: 4444: 4439: 4432: 4427: 4420: 4415: 4408: 4403: 4396: 4391: 4384: 4379: 4372: 4367: 4360: 4355: 4348: 4343: 4327: 4323: 4319: 4312: 4297: 4293: 4286: 4284: 4268: 4264: 4257: 4242: 4238: 4231: 4223: 4217: 4213: 4212: 4204: 4188: 4184: 4178: 4163: 4159: 4152: 4146:, pp. 6. 4145: 4140: 4133: 4128: 4121: 4116: 4097: 4093: 4086: 4079: 4077: 4069: 4064: 4062: 4054: 4049: 4041: 4035: 4031: 4025: 4010: 4004: 4000: 3999: 3991: 3984: 3979: 3971: 3967: 3961: 3953: 3949: 3943: 3935: 3929: 3925: 3924: 3916: 3909: 3904: 3900: 3893: 3891: 3889: 3877: 3875: 3858: 3854: 3848: 3846: 3830: 3826: 3819: 3817: 3801: 3797: 3790: 3775: 3771: 3764: 3762: 3746: 3742: 3735: 3733: 3731: 3714: 3713: 3708: 3701: 3699: 3697: 3695: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3652: 3645: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3622: 3618: 3611: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3603: 3593: 3586: 3584: 3582: 3580: 3564: 3560: 3553: 3551: 3549: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3535: 3530: 3523: 3518: 3516: 3514: 3512: 3510: 3508: 3506: 3504: 3502: 3500: 3498: 3490: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3475: 3473: 3468: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3440: 3433: 3427: 3420: 3419: 3414: 3410: 3404: 3394: 3387: 3380: 3376: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3313: 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11498:Other topics 11446: 11423:Christianity 11413:Resurrection 11044:Adolf Hitler 10873:Six-Day War 10869:Algerian War 10840: / 10799:Vichy France 10791: 10784: 10694: / 10582:World War II 10478: / 10145: 10138: 9940:Ghaza thesis 9863: 9839: 9825:White legend 9823: / 9821:Black legend 9776:Soviet Union 9666: 9659: 9647: 9610:Great Famine 9587:Indocentrism 9561: 9542: 9535: 9528: 9516: 9462:Grand Siècle 9460: 9441: 9409:Sinocentrism 9270:Ancient Rome 9250: 9108:Aryan Kartli 9106: 8898: 8861: / 8795: 8692:19th century 8690: / 8681: / 8646: 8639: 8638: / 8633: 8609: 8583: / 8557:Black legend 8515:Historiology 8312: / 8300: 8263: 8201:Quantitative 8124: 8120:Intellectual 8086: / 8082: / 8068: / 8066:Anthropology 8020:Phaleristics 8013:preservation 8008:Oral history 7949: / 7935: / 7917:Microhistory 7692: 7685: 7678: 7671: 7662: 7653: / 7649: 7642: 7576: 7545: 7450:Generation Z 7416:South Korea 7248:Generation Z 7238:Generation X 7233:Baby boomers 7159: 7152: 7145: 7138: 7131: 7124: 7117: 7100: 7093: 7086: 7079: 6968:Mike Lindell 6888:Rhonda Byrne 6859:Promoters of 6846:Water memory 6786:Laundry ball 6678:Tractor beam 6634:Cold fusion‎ 6504: 6330:Lunar effect 6275:Ear candling 6223:Chiropractic 6213:Bloodletting 6203:Bates method 6173:Aromatherapy 6136: 6102:Junk science 5967: 5938: 5909: 5866: 5837: 5794: 5786:Bibliography 5771:. 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2051: 2036:World War II 2012: 2008: 2004: 2002: 1962: 1960: 1945:Sarah Knauss 1919:Because the 1918: 1880: 1878: 1851: 1849: 1823: 1821: 1789: 1787: 1759: 1757: 1732:James Monroe 1713: 1677:mercantilism 1674: 1657: 1655: 1635: 1612: 1610: 1574: 1572: 1549: 1547: 1536: 1534: 1510: 1508: 1492: 1490: 1471: 1469: 1456:colonization 1443: 1439: 1437: 1427: 1425: 1414: 1375:Michelangelo 1352: 1341: 1302: 1297: 1295: 1281: 1279: 1182: 1178: 1177: 1155: 1151: 1150: 1134:World War II 1118:Generation X 1101: 1097: 1096: 1087:Baby Boomers 1074: 1070: 1069: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1022: 1020: 975: 967: 959:World War II 951: 947: 935: 928: 926: 913:World War II 906: 901: 899: 881: 879: 871: 866: 864: 848: 843: 839: 837: 827: 823: 819: 817: 804:Émile Littré 781: 776: 772: 768: 742: 738: 726: 722: 719:David Kaiser 712: 709:Donald Trump 697:Steve Bannon 695: 690: 672: 668: 662: 658: 656: 650: 646: 640: 636: 628: 624: 618: 605: 603: 597: 593: 590: 577: 557: 553: 529: 521: 517: 497: 495: 486: 476: 458: 449: 441: 439: 422: 394: 392: 377: 359: 350: 340: 333: 326: 319: 307: 287: 257: 248: 225: 195: 186: 171:Please help 155: 125: 116: 97: 74: 67: 61: 60:Please help 57: 40: 11941:Hagiography 11702: [ 11662:Early Islam 11516: [ 11408:Historicity 11386:Historicity 11376:Jane Austen 11356:The Beatles 11326:Netherlands 11287: [ 11284:Zhuge Liang 11275: [ 11263: [ 11260:Yuan Shikai 11231: [ 11228:Sun Yat Tse 11207: [ 11170: [ 11133: [ 11121: [ 11118:Jiang Zemin 11089: [ 11077: [ 11069:Che Guevara 10802: [ 10737:Pacific War 10521:Article 231 10511:Reparations 10488: [ 10452: [ 10429:Color books 10418:World War I 10402: [ 10379:War of 1812 10284: [ 10267: [ 10252:(1792–1815) 10223:Sea Peoples 10208:Gallic Wars 9910: [ 9898: [ 9885:Revisionist 9874: [ 9865:Reconquista 9855: [ 9847:Inquisition 9841:Convivencia 9765: [ 9753: [ 9725: [ 9622:Revisionism 9547: [ 9495: [ 9483: [ 9471: [ 9452: [ 9394:Golden ages 9363: [ 9360:Wunu School 9355:Archaeology 9228:Switzerland 9211:Kosovo Myth 9199:Great Union 9180: [ 9165:Philippines 9148:Nationalist 9121:Ages of Man 9093: [ 9081: [ 9069: [ 9047: [ 9035: [ 8871: [ 8868:Revisionist 8760: [ 8697:Renaissance 8562:Coloniality 8530: [ 8518: [ 8510:Historicity 8434:Revisionist 8424:Pop history 8395:Nationalist 8369: [ 8314:Cliometrics 8282:Approaches, 8238:Methodology 8134:Linguistics 8084:Environment 8050:Vexillology 7973:Diplomatics 7956:Chorography 7895:Big History 7847:War diaries 7820:Illuminated 7815:Manuscripts 7800:Hieroglyphs 7680:historicity 7534:Shared site 7445:Millennials 7286:Zillennials 7243:Millennials 7204:Generations 6873:Del Bigtree 6360:Panchagavya 6350:Naturopathy 6218:Body memory 6168:Acupuncture 6053:Terminology 5773:October 25, 5768:Den of Geek 5543:October 30, 5517:November 6, 5450:October 21, 5367:February 3, 5344:February 3, 5039:February 3, 5014:February 3, 4989:February 3, 4964:February 3, 4939:February 3, 4914:February 3, 4889:February 3, 4864:February 3, 4839:February 3, 4805:February 3, 4669:February 3, 4332:February 3, 4301:February 5, 4272:February 2, 4246:January 30, 4193:November 6, 4183:"Neil Howe" 4014:November 6, 3719:January 11, 3626:November 1, 3568:October 21, 3445:generations 3432:generations 3409:generations 3360:War economy 3310:Anacyclosis 3293:The Watcher 3275:Will Arbery 3129:Millennials 3054:Nostradamus 2968:Generations 2956:Generations 2934:Generations 2892:Generations 2805:tech bubble 2696:prohibition 2688:World War I 2403:Restoration 2119:Millennials 2101:Millennials 2017:demographic 1971:Nabi Tajima 1967:World War I 1925:World War I 1914:vice squads 1836:materialism 1832:consumerism 1701:libertarian 1681:imperialism 1666:imperialism 1563:paper money 1555:Indian Wars 1355:Thomas More 1333:reformation 1317:Renaissance 1313:Reformation 1309:Middle Ages 1266:Generations 1168:Millennials 1029:Generations 993:'s work on 938:periodicity 890:culture war 824:Generations 820:Generations 788:Ibn Khaldun 663:Generations 627:(1991) and 625:Generations 598:Generations 594:Generations 558:Generations 526:entitlement 520:(1978) and 514:Vietnam War 498:Generations 477:Generations 251:August 2020 12012:Categories 11996:Multimedia 11815:Technology 11779:Urreligion 11682:Kharijites 11633:Background 11301:Historical 11272:Zhou Enlai 11167:Mao Zedong 11162:Louis Riel 10935:Background 10786:Guilty Men 10728:Uniqueness 10651:Background 10646:Winter War 10570:Background 10503:Versailles 10357:Great Game 10004:Ricardians 9999:Tudor myth 9717:Partitions 9310:Succession 8600:Narratives 8585:Presentism 8541:Philosophy 8361:Humanistic 8249:Case study 8181:Indigenous 8159:Diplomatic 8103:Capitalism 8003:Onomastics 7961:Chronology 7790:Facsimiles 7775:Chronicles 7673:historians 7644:Historians 7401:Singapore 7113:Quackwatch 6943:David Icke 6923:Max Gerson 6918:Gaia, Inc. 6806:Numerology 6801:Lysenkoism 6796:Levitation 6776:Graphology 6661:Dean drive 6596:Aryan race 6527:Mediumship 6402:Trepanning 6370:Phrenology 6310:Homeopathy 6208:Biorhythms 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