657:
273:
974:" hearken to the effort to rush to meet incoming trains filled with new classmates and delegations of freshmen students, where bids were offered and lapel pins then "spiked" the new fellow to mark him as a new member of the fraternity which he opted to join. Baird's further indicates that the tradition was adopted from English boarding schools, similarly jostling to recruit incoming prospects, which the aggressive fraternities found to be "handy to imitate". Variations of Rush Week continued to evolve, some offering immediate recruitment and some deferred until the second half of freshman year, or even into the second year. Formal recruitment on all, or virtually all campuses continues as a defined Rush week, while many campuses and most chapters offer ongoing "informal rush" to welcome potential members, amounting to hundreds of thousands of new members every year.
460:
1686:
445:
1052:
297:
1032:
945:
57:
926:
1462:
904:
chapters are generally grouped in a national or international organization that sets standards, regulates insignia and ritual, publishes a journal or magazine for all of the chapters of the organization, and has the power to grant and revoke charters to chapters. These federal structures are largely governed by alumni members of the fraternity, though with some input from the active (student) members.
1161:
3664:"Revised codes were issued every few years, but not many important changes were made in them. Provisions with regard to the hours of 'athletic exercises and sport' were added in 1847. In the same revision, there appeared for the first time the 'peculiar' Oberlin rule against secret societies. 'No student,' it runs, 'is permitted to join any secret society or military company.'"
1853:– a pin worn by pledges for the duration of the pledging period. It is usually given to a pledge following a ceremony when they are first offered membership in the organization and can be worn until their initiation. With some organizations, especially those that no longer have a pledge process, it may be called a new member pin. See also badge.
405:. Their early growth was widely opposed by university administrators, though the increasing influence of fraternity alumni, as well as several high-profile court cases, succeeded in largely muting opposition by the 1880s. The first fraternity meeting hall, or lodge, seems to have been that of the Alpha Epsilon chapter of Chi Psi at the
1795:– in this context used as a definition of expelling from a community or group. This means that a person may not be accepted by any fraternity or sorority because of the negative reputation they gained at a particular group. This is usually an informal discussion made by the presidents or rush chairs of the fraternities or sororities.
1096:
and horseplay, in which I cooperated as in a kind of pleasant nightmare, confident, even when branded with a red-hot iron or doused head-over-heels in boiling oil, that it would come out all right. The neophyte is effectively blindfolded during the proceedings, and at last, still sightless, I was led
987:
A new member period may last anywhere from one weekend to several months. During this time, new members might participate in almost all aspects of the life of the fraternity or sorority, but most likely not be permitted to hold office in the organization. After the new member period, a second vote of
1582:
Fraternities have often been accused of fostering rape-supportive attitudes by promoting male dominance and brotherhood, and fraternity affiliation has been found to be a significant predictor of sexually predatory behavior in retrospective research. Sexual assault is such a common occurrence among
1515:
In 2007, an anti-hazing hotline was set up to report incidents of hazing on college campuses. Currently, 46 national fraternity and sorority organizations support the toll-free number, which generates automatic email messages regarding hazing and sends them to the national headquarters directly from
1511:
Supporters of fraternities note that national fraternity organizations almost universally prohibit hazing, and the occurrence of hazing in undergraduate fraternity chapters goes against official policy. Others say that hazing is not unique to Greek-letter organizations and is often reported in other
1022:
Usually, the more expensive the house the higher the annual organization dues. The features and size of Greek houses play a major role in chapters remaining competitive in recruiting and retaining members on many campuses. At some, often small colleges, fraternities and sororities occupy a specific
1018:
Unique among most campus organizations, members of social Greek letter organizations usually congregate and sometimes live together in large houses generally privately owned by the organization itself, or by the organization's alumni association. Often fraternities and sorority houses, called lodges
979:
Today, most Greek letter organizations select potential members through a two-part process of vetting and probation, called rushing and pledging, respectively. During rush (recruitment), students attend designated social events, and sometimes formal interviews, hosted by the chapters of fraternities
983:
Those applicants who receive a bid, and choose to accept it, are considered to have "pledged" the fraternity or sorority, thus beginning the pledge period (new member period). Students participating in rush are known as "rushees", Potential New
Members "PNMs", while students who have accepted a bid
525:(NPC) serves as the umbrella organization for 26 international sororities. Founded in 1902, NPC is one of the oldest and largest women's membership organizations, representing more than four million women at 655 college and university campuses and 4,500 local alumni chapters in the U.S. and Canada.
1362:
questioned the existence of exclusive clubs on campuses that are meant to facilitate independence, writing "Colleges should be cultivating the kind of sensibility that makes you a better citizen of a diverse and distressingly fractious society. How is that served by retreating into an exclusionary
1118:
The fraternity or sorority badge is an enduring symbol of membership in a Greek letter organization. Most fraternities also have assumed heraldic achievements. Members of fraternities and sororities address members of the same organization as "brother" (in the case of fraternities) or "sister" (in
1023:
section of university-owned housing provided to them. Some fraternities and sororities are un-housed, with members providing their accommodations. In many of these cases, the fraternity or sorority owns or rents a non-residential clubhouse on or off campus to use for meetings and other activities.
835:
have opted to become co-educational and admit female members; however, these generally represent a minority of Greek-letter organizations and no such fraternity is currently a member of the North
American Interfraternity Conference, the largest international association of fraternities. The first
327:
in 1775. The founding of Phi Beta Kappa followed the earlier establishment of two other secret student societies that had existed on that campus as early as 1750. In 1779 Phi Beta Kappa expanded to include chapters at
Harvard and Yale. By the early 19th century, the organization transformed itself
1990:
is the name of the seminal reference for the Greek Letter
Organization world, published in twenty successive volumes over 140 years. It lists national organizations and their chapters, American and Canadian schools and their chapters, and provides extensive introductory material and appendices to
1323:
only that, but researchers at Union
College studied the effects of Greek life membership on the incomes of those who participated when attending university versus those who did not. Researchers found that those that had participated had incomes higher than their non-Greek peers by as much as 36%.
1322:
There is a high representation of former Greek life members among certain elites in the United States. Greek members "are more likely to be thriving in their well-being and engaged at work than college graduates who did not go Greek," according to a study done by Gallup and Purdue
University. Not
517:
The development of fraternities for women during this time was a major accomplishment in the way of women's rights and equality. By mere existence, these organizations were defying the odds; the founding women were able to advance their organizations despite many factors working against them. The
1594:
Researchers have found that in predominantly male environments, such as fraternities, athletics, and military groups, men feel pressure to meet the group's standard of masculinity, which may contribute to men being more accepting of sexual violence. Nicholas Syrett, a professor of history at the
1590:
Attitudes towards women learned in fraternity life can perpetuate fraternity men's lifelong attitudes, leading to the potential to commit sexual assault and rape after college life. Studies show that women in sororities are almost twice as likely to experience rape than other college women. A
903:
Individual chapters of fraternities and sororities are largely self-governed by their active (student) members; however, alumni members may retain legal ownership of the fraternity or sorority's property through an alumni chapter or alumni corporation. All of a single fraternity or sorority's
1069:
After an initiation ritual, the organization's secret motto, secret purpose, and secret identification signs, such as handshakes and passwords, are usually revealed to its new members. Some fraternities also teach initiates an identity search device used to confirm fellow fraternity members.
959:
Before 1900, the expansion of fraternal housing and competition among fraternities led to increasingly aggressive recruitment among the social fraternities, which had hitherto followed the methodical process of tapping and individualized invitations that are still present among honorary and
1349:
Greek letter organizations have often been characterized as elitist or exclusionary associations, organized for the benefit of a largely white, upper-class membership base. Members of fraternities and sororities disproportionately come from certain socio-economic demographics. Fraternities
894:
changed its student conduct code to bar members of single-sex groups from leading campus groups, serving as captains of sports teams, or participating in valuable academic fellowships. This is being contested vigorously in U.S. federal court by several affected fraternities and sororities.
1314:. Gamma Sigma Alpha acknowledges Greek members who hold a 3.5 GPA in upper-division classes. Order of Omega recognizes the top 3% of Greek members who exemplify leadership qualities. Greek honor societies provide lifetime membership with opportunities such as scholarships and networking.
1101:
Meetings and rituals are sometimes conducted in what is known as a chapter room located inside the fraternity's house. Entry into chapter rooms is often prohibited to all but the initiated. In one extreme case, the response of firefighters to a blaze signaled by an automated alarm at the
1019:
or chapter houses, are located on the same street or in close quarters within the same neighborhood, which may be colloquially known as "Greek row", "frat row", or "sorority row". Often, chapter houses are uniquely designed, highly elaborate, and very expensive to operate and maintain.
1210:
found that white and higher-income
Princeton students are much more likely than other Princeton students to be in fraternities and sororities. Senior surveys from the classes of 2009 and 2010 showed that 77 percent of sorority members and 73 percent of fraternity members were white.
518:
first "Women's
Fraternities" not only had to overcome "restrictive social customs, unequal status under the law and the underlying presumption that they were less able than men," but at the same time had to deal with the same challenges as fraternities with college administrations.
1829:– a rushee who is related to a member of the same fraternity or sorority they are rushing is almost always offered a bid. Traditionally a legacy has a parent or sibling that is a member, but some organizations have expanded on their definition of a legacy's relation to members.
630:. The now-defunct Patriotic and Progressive Rizal Center Academic Brotherhood (Rizal Center Fraternity), a brotherhood of Jose Rizal followers, was founded in 1913. This was followed by the Rizal Center Sorority. The first Greek-letter organization and fraternity in Asia, the
1066:. While the identity of members or officers is rarely concealed, fraternities and sororities initiate members following the pledge period through sometimes elaborate private rituals, frequently drawn or adopted from Masonic ritual practice or that of the Greek mysteries.
1477:, sometimes committed by active undergraduate members against their chapter's pledges. Hazing during the pledge period can sometimes culminate in an event commonly known as "Hell Week" in which a week-long series of physical and mental torments are inflicted on pledges.
980:
and sororities in which they have particular interests. Usually, after a potential new member has attended several such events, officers or current members meet privately to vote on whether or not to extend an invitation, known as a "bid", to the prospective applicant.
811:
Fraternities and sororities traditionally have been single-sex organizations, with fraternities consisting exclusively of men and sororities consisting exclusively of women. In the United States, fraternities and sororities have a statutory exemption from
1335:
survey of 30,000 university alumni found that persons who said they had been members of Greek-letter organizations while undergraduates reported having a greater sense of purpose, as well as better social and physical well-being, than those who had not.
4526:
Seabrook, Rita C.; Ward, L. Monique; Giaccardi, Soraya (January 2018). "Why is fraternity membership associated with sexual assault? Exploring the roles of conformity to masculine norms, pressure to uphold masculinity, and objectification of women".
3684:
D. Secret
Societies: "No secret society is allowed at Oberlin, and no other societies or self-perpetuating organizations are allowed among students, except by permission of the faculty. This is to be understood to include social and rooming-house
1418:
Studies have shown that fraternity and sorority members are more likely than the average college student to use or abuse drugs. Since the 1990s, fraternity members have experienced an increase of over 400% in the recreational use of prescription
1410:. In comparison, other research suggests 2 out of 5 college students overall are regular binge drinkers." There is also a higher rate of alcohol-related deaths and injuries among fraternities, which has resulted in many lawsuits and suspensions.
553:. One such group of Americans organized Chi Phi at Edinburgh; however, during the Theta chapter's existence, it initiated no non-American members. With declining American enrollment at European universities, Chi Phi at Edinburgh closed in 1870.
999:
Membership in more than one fraternity or sorority is acceptable, but only in accordance within specific Greek councils. Recently, some Greek-letter organizations have replaced the term "pledge" with that of "associate member" or "new member".
1658:, fewer opportunities to use the networking system built into Greek life, and the use of harmful stereotypes. In response to experiencing racism and exclusion from solely or predominantly white GLOs, black and multicultural GLOs were founded.
1097:
down flights of steps into a silent crypt and helped into a coffin, where I was to stay until the
Resurrection...Thus it was that just as my father passed from this earth, I was lying in a coffin during my initiation into Delta Kappa Epsilon.
1627:
It is common for members of Greek-letter organizations to have higher-than-average GPAs due to test and homework banks filled over the years by members of their organization. There is much backlash condemning the test and homework banks as
1290:
Studies have found that university graduation rates are 20 percent higher among members of Greek-letter organizations than among non-members, and students who are members of fraternities and sororities typically have higher-than-average
2304:, originally Georgia Female College and now simply Wesleyan College, was the origin of the first two sororities, both the Adelphean Society and the Philomathean Society. The Adelphean, founded in 1851, eventually became
1841:– a fraternity or sorority with two or more chapters, both of which are in the same nation (in the case of a national), or at least one of which is in a different nation from the others (in the case of an international).
1561:
brokerages. According to the report, recent graduates have been known to exchange the secret handshakes of their fraternities with executives whom they know are also members to obtain access to competitive appointments.
995:
Many Greek-letter organizations give preferential consideration for pledging to candidates whose parent or sibling was a member of the same fraternity or sorority. Such prospective candidates are known as "legacies".
1599:, has been a vocal critic of the evolution of fraternities in the 20th century. In 2011, Syrett stated that "fraternal masculinity has, for at least 80 years, valorized athletics, alcohol abuse, and sex with women."
2858:
413:, in 1845, leading to a tradition in that fraternity to name its buildings "lodges". As fraternity membership was punishable by expulsion at many colleges at this time, the house was located deep in the woods.
1618:
To protect their fraternity's brotherhood, fraternity men and athletes may not confront or report sexual assault when it happens. Perpetrators have often received little to no consequences for their actions.
733:
Although many of the religion-specific requirements for many fraternities and sororities have been relaxed or removed, there are some today that continue to rally around their faith as a focal point, such as
1578:
because of the pressure to meet the hyper-masculine standards that fraternities expect of their members. Overall, fraternity men are shown to have more rape-supportive attitudes than non-fraternity men.
882:
to accept transgender members, or those identifying as male, to join the social fraternity. Several sororities have adjusted their policies to confirm that transgender prospective members are allowable.
1394:
did not prohibit fraternities, but to improve campus social conditions, in 1995 mandated that all students would be required to live and eat on campus; the college also bought the fraternity houses.
1295:. One reason for this may be that many chapters require their members to maintain a certain academic standard, while a more well-supported reason is that Greek-letter organizations often maintain
2054:
583:, was established in Toronto in 1887. By 1927 there were 42 fraternity and sorority chapters at the University of Toronto and 23 at McGill University. A few chapters were also reported at the
1729:(also "sweetheart" or "little brother/sister" group) is an unofficial, unsanctioned partner organization to a fraternity or sorority, usually for members of the opposite sex. The two largest
219:, host parties, provide "finishing" training for new members such as instruction on etiquette, dress, and manners, and create networking opportunities for their newly graduated members.
3518:
1366:
Some colleges and universities have banned Greek letter organizations, with the reasoning that they are, by their nature and structure, elitist and exclusionary. The oldest ban was at
855:. These organizations are similar to social fraternities and sororities, except they are coed and non-residential. Similarly, in the United States, professional fraternities, such as
556:
Nine years following Chi Phi's abortive colonization of the University of Edinburgh, a second attempt was made to transplant the fraternity system outside the United States. In 1879,
2711:
4011:
4152:
4106:
2312:. Together, these sororities are known as the Macon Magnolias. Several other unrelated Philomathean Societies emerged during the 19th century, including literary societies at the
3203:
1110:
in 2003 was hampered in part because fraternity members refused to disclose to emergency responders the location of the hidden chapter room, where the conflagration had erupted.
1611:
has denounced fraternities as breeding "sexism and misogyny that lasts long after college". In her column, Bennett recounts that, while she was an undergraduate student at the
2761:
2252:
1508:
have been reported. Hazing, in many cases, has been reported and has led to the permanent disposal of particular chapters of fraternities and sororities across the country.
5497:
3063:
1641:
1591:
research article studied campus demographics and reported rapes and found that campuses that report more rapes have more fraternity men, athletes and liquor violations.
238:
4571:
6018:
2893:
2870:
759:
656:
1306:
to continue their membership. Greek members who maintain high GPAs are invited to join notable Greek honor societies. The two most notable Greek honor societies are:
1203:, or about three percent of the total population. Roughly 750,000 of the current fraternity and sorority members are students who belong to an undergraduate chapter.
5244:
2018:
For example, Phi Kappa Tau and Alpha Xi Delta both have provisions in their respective Constitutions that they can accept graduate students as well as undergraduates
798:. The formation of this Greek organization allowed for the emergence of a multicultural fraternity and sorority movement, giving birth to a multicultural movement.
249:. Many colleges and universities have sought to reform or eliminate them due to these concerns, but these efforts have typically been met with intense controversy.
2681:
1741:, ban the formation of or discourage membership in auxiliary groups. Some fraternities and sororities outside of these conferences also ban auxiliaries, including
3191:
This was, of course, all very collegiate for that long-ago time, and—except the "red-hot iron" and "boiling oil" references, if taken too literally—quite typical.
3882:
2527:
1443:
is more common among fraternity members than other college students. Fraternity members also abuse amphetamines at double the rate than their non-college peers.
992:
system. New members who pass this second vote are invited to a formal and secret ritual of initiation into the organization, advancing them to full membership.
5573:
4475:
Wiersma-Mosley, Jacquelyn D.; Jozkowski, Kristen N.; Martinez, Taylor (June 22, 2017). "An empirical investigation of campus demographics and reported rapes".
3695:
4958:
5540:
5449:
2016:
4598:
Jozkowski, Kristen N.; Wiersma-Mosley, Jacquelyn D. (February 2017). "The Greek System: How Gender Inequality and Class Privilege Perpetuate Rape Culture".
3288:
4257:
Bleecker, Timothy E.; Murnen, Sarah K. (October 2005). "Fraternity Membership, the Display of Degrading Sexual Images of Women, and Rape Myth Acceptance".
783:, officially formed in 1998, is a coordinating body of 19 Greek organizations, including nine fraternities, and ten sororities with cultural affiliations.
5019:
3954:
272:
2798:
6106:
5578:
3832:
817:
643:
4634:
2411:
2061:
4707:
4342:
Auster, Carol J; Leone, Janel M (2001). "Late adolescents' perspectives on marital rape: The impact of gender and fraternity/sorority membership".
3984:
3040:
1119:
the case of sororities). The names of almost all fraternities and sororities consist of a sequence of two or three Greek letters, for instance,
5487:
5105:
1013:
453:
5176:
3526:
5885:
5568:
3575:
2502:
751:
2700:
1893:
1888:
545:, marking the first foray of the American social fraternity outside the borders of the United States. At the time, many students from the
4203:
2954:
2832:
1551:
in later life, while supporters have applauded them for creating networking opportunities for members after graduation. A 2013 report by
510:, meaning "sister," "cousin, daughter of a father's brother," or "female friend." The first organization to use the term "sorority" was
6508:
6350:
5832:
5507:
2725:
1908:
651:
521:
Today, both social and multicultural sororities are present on more than 650 college campuses across the United States and Canada. The
4021:
1447:
use is also more prevalent among fraternity and sorority members compared to college men and women not in fraternities or sororities.
1350:
specifically have been criticized for what is perceived as their promotion of an excessively alcohol-fueled, party-focused lifestyle.
6102:
5442:
5143:
4733:
3326:
1734:
1516:
the National Anti-Hazing Hotline. Every year, the last week of September is considered to be National Hazing Prevention Week (NHPW).
879:
776:
755:
4769:
4749:
2772:
1390:
has never permitted fraternities or sororities as it maintains a policy that all student organizations have membership open to all.
1004:, in 2014, abolished pledging altogether. Potential members are now immediately initiated into the fraternity upon accepting a bid.
768:
and cultural backgrounds. This began with historically White fraternities and sororities excluding African Americans due to racism.
6853:
5787:
5550:
5512:
4998:
2128:
1918:
31:
4855:
3924:
3549:
2249:
5545:
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2476:
953:
3910:
171:
students as well. Individual fraternities and sororities vary in organization and purpose, but most share five common elements:
5139:
3318:
3108:
2196:
1615:, doormen at fraternity parties "often ranked women on a scale of 1 to 10, with only 'sixes' and up granted entry to a party".
1275:
1769:
a pin worn by an initiated member of a fraternity or sorority. In the 19th and early 20th century, badges were also worn as a
5590:
5560:
2026:
1823:– a member of a fraternity characterized by a way of dressing and a homogeneous behavior as other members of that fraternity.
769:
432:
acquired one. Chapters of many fraternities followed suit, purchasing and, less often, building them with support of alumni.
4937:
4897:
2897:
1801:– a room inside a fraternity house, often secret or hidden, where meetings or actives occur and where rituals are performed.
764:
Numerous Greek organizations in the past have enacted formal and informal prohibitions on pledging individuals of different
74:
6848:
5502:
5435:
4876:
3492:
1456:
886:
Importantly, all these variants have stemmed from a process of self-determination, without challenge by other Greeks. In a
780:
246:
242:
5252:
5066:
2114:
5555:
2984:
1928:
852:
482:
Sororities, originally called women's fraternities, began to develop in 1851 with the formation of the Adelphean Society
459:
4241:
4102:"Behavior differences seven months later: Effects of a rape prevention program on first-year men who join fraternities"
3092:
2935:
2671:
2390:
2151:
1964:
1787:– an official or unofficial list of people not allowed inside the house or to any events of the fraternity or sorority.
17:
2531:
2087:"Fraternities & Sororities at Queen's: Your Thoughts - Alma Mater Society - Queen's University Student Government"
2032:
5335:
4160:
3790:
3153:
2596:
2571:
1749:. Part of the rationale behind banning auxiliary groups is that such groups could jeopardize the host organizations'
1612:
1040:
837:
779:, and students of various ethnicities have come together to form a council of multicultural Greek organizations. The
600:
96:
4728:
3699:
3628:
3434:
3262:
1722:– a member of a sorority or fraternity who is no longer an undergraduate student and no longer resides in the house.
622:
The arrival of the fraternity system in Asia accompanied the introduction of the American educational system in the
5278:
3674:
3603:
1759:
668:
506:, Frank Smalley, who felt the word "fraternity" was inappropriate for a group of ladies. The word comes from Latin
3377:
2339:
1386:, often ban fraternities and sororities because they are seen as a violation of the Quaker principle of equality.
5482:
5172:
4424:
3296:
1805:
1738:
1596:
522:
197:
4674:
3752:"2007–2008 Rights & Responsibilities Handbook, Appendix B: University Policy on Fraternities and Sororities"
1991:
list, for example, politicians, entertainers, and sports leaders who have a Greek Letter affiliation. Today the
1809:– a newly established chapter of a national/international fraternity or sorority in the process of organization.
1685:
6280:
5030:
3962:
1374:
banned "secret societies" (fraternities and sororities) in 1847, and the prohibition continues to the present.
1165:
584:
436:
chapter home at Cornell, completed in 1902, is the oldest such house still occupied by its fraternal builders.
4918:
3408:
1527:
were sentenced to prison after pleading guilty to charges related to the hazing. Other incidents included the
6330:
6214:
5314:
3084:
627:
604:
4153:"A Prospective Analysis of Sexual Assault Perpetration: Risk Factors Related to Perpetrator Characteristics"
4047:
3896:
3462:
2447:
2398:
2159:
2637:
1898:
1730:
1608:
816:
legislation prohibiting this type of gender exclusion within student groups, and organizations such as the
486:, though fraternity-like organizations for women didn't take their current form until the establishment of
3806:
2422:
6066:
5492:
4786:
W. Hughey, Matthew (2010). "A Paradox of Participation: Nonwhites in White Sororities and Fraternities".
4292:
Lackie, Leandra; de Man, Anton (1997). "Correlates of Sexual Aggression Among Male University Students".
3782:
2146:(20th ed.). Indianapolis, IN: Baird's Manual Foundation, Inc. p. I-10, I-13, I-20, VI-128–132.
2086:
1754:
1232:
765:
324:
281:
43:
39:
634:, was founded in 1918. The first Greek-letter sorority, UP Sigma Beta Sorority, was recognized in 1932.
6423:
5673:
2866:
2313:
913:
664:
608:
398:
78:
67:
960:
professional fraternities. In an introductory article about the nature and history of Fraternal life,
428:
became the first fraternity to own a residential house in the South when, in 1880, its chapter at the
1557:
found that fraternity connections are influential in obtaining lucrative employment positions at top
1536:
1268:
1231:
companies are members of fraternities and sororities. In addition, 85 percent of all justices of the
795:
5117:
4977:
4830:
4174:
2100:
1574:
than other men on college campuses. Fraternity pledges are at a higher likelihood to commit rape or
444:
6234:
5187:
4075:
3751:
1224:
1044:
549:
were moving to Europe to study because of the disrepair southern universities fell into during the
3175:
3141:
2269:
1199:
There are approximately nine million student and alumni members of fraternities and sororities in
4942:
4902:
4639:
1528:
1107:
538:
429:
164:
1817:– a disposable coat wore to a fraternity party, coined from the words "fraternity" and "jacket".
5855:
5753:
5519:
5365:
5216:
5026:
4169:
612:
596:
406:
372:
285:
223:
4655:
2962:
1847:– a probationary member of a fraternity or sorority, sometimes also called "associate member."
1092:
I was initiated into a college secret society—a couple of hours of grotesque and good-humored
726:
students began to establish their own fraternities in 1895 and 1920, with the first one being
6756:
6641:
6184:
6092:
5668:
5212:
4840:
3243:
2726:"Office of Student Affairs -- Organizations and Activities -- Pi Alpha Tau Papers, 1963-1991"
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1702:
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561:
387:
360:
340:
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2736:
984:
to a specific fraternity or sorority are known as "new members" or in some cases "pledges".
6224:
6164:
6149:
5759:
3229:
1863:
1367:
1303:
1292:
1279:
1207:
920:
828:
592:
383:
208:
186:
4959:"The 'Abolish Greek Life' Movement Calls for an End to Toxic Fraternity, Sorority Culture"
4692:
3985:"9 Louisiana State frat members arrested and chapter closed over alleged hazing incidents"
3118:
711:(1959), catered to students belonging with certain denominations of Christianity, such as
8:
6822:
6796:
6661:
6611:
6556:
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6295:
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1629:
1584:
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1387:
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1140:
1136:
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1077:
1001:
848:
843:
Much more commonly, coed fraternities exist in the form of service fraternities, such as
588:
569:
503:
410:
332:
305:
234:
144:
5306:
5147:
4807:
3883:"Missouri fraternity sued over alcohol-induced brain injuries to 2021 Eden Prairie grad"
128:
6521:
6169:
6061:
6051:
5973:
5943:
5782:
5708:
4811:
4803:
4576:
4552:
4508:
4398:
4309:
4274:
4195:
4123:
3932:
3857:
3633:
3064:"TikTok user shares experience managing 'millions of dollars' for her Alabama sorority"
2930:(20th ed.). Indianapolis, IN: Baird's Manual Foundation, Inc. p. I-2 and ff.
1933:
1883:
1489:
1403:
1264:
1135:. There are a few exceptions to this general rule, as in the case of the fraternities
934:
891:
791:
696:
647:
550:
421:
382:, officially formed in 1854, traces its roots to a short-lived organization founded at
309:
184:
Selection of new members based on a two-part vetting and probationary process known as
6776:
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6701:
6666:
6606:
6498:
6473:
6453:
6438:
6408:
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2147:
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1960:
1481:
1307:
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580:
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495:
491:
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6671:
4512:
4402:
4370:
4199:
3330:
2204:
416:
The first residential chapter home, built by a fraternity, is believed to have been
137:
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6378:
6310:
6209:
6179:
6134:
6124:
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938:
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735:
680:
616:
463:
301:
296:
4488:
3519:"Fraternity and Sorority Membership Linked to Higher Well-Being for College Grads"
6766:
6736:
6731:
6721:
6716:
6696:
6686:
6621:
6616:
6591:
6566:
6561:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6516:
6488:
6463:
6433:
6398:
6388:
6320:
6305:
6285:
6275:
6249:
6174:
6144:
6139:
6008:
5993:
5963:
5948:
5875:
5865:
5822:
5772:
5743:
5738:
5693:
5630:
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5605:
5390:
5113:
4052:
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3439:
3113:
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2256:
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1603:
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1236:
1192:
1036:
949:
930:
856:
844:
832:
716:
708:
688:
660:
573:
564:. Zeta Psi's success in Toronto prompted it to open a second Canadian chapter at
433:
425:
417:
368:
178:
168:
2859:"Recognition and Governance of Undergraduate Social Fraternities and Sororities"
1995:
has been replaced by an online Archive maintained by the University of Illinois.
6827:
6751:
6646:
6428:
6403:
6373:
6363:
6315:
6300:
6259:
6244:
6229:
6194:
6082:
6046:
6031:
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5792:
5733:
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5678:
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5620:
5239:
5074:
4016:
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2706:
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1923:
1647:
1553:
1497:
1407:
1354:
1311:
1244:
1176:
860:
704:
546:
511:
499:
483:
471:
467:
335:, the first fraternity to retain its social characteristic, was established at
320:
289:
258:
204:
122:
5427:
4305:
4270:
2992:
2562:
Brown, Tamara L.; Parks, Gregory S.; Phillips, Clarenda M. (January 1, 2012).
6842:
6771:
6746:
6741:
6726:
6656:
6571:
6551:
6546:
6325:
6199:
6159:
5968:
5958:
5953:
5870:
5850:
5698:
5645:
5615:
5468:
4799:
4619:
4548:
4496:
4386:
4183:
3580:
2811:
2672:"Why One School Decided To Make All Of Its Fraternities And Sororities Co-Ed"
2503:"XIAO TIME, 18 June 2013: Ika-105 na Anibersaryo ng Unibersidad ng Pilipinas"
1903:
1524:
1256:
1200:
1168:
727:
692:
336:
316:
277:
262:
110:
35:
30:
This article is about the student social organizations. For other types, see
4443:
4425:"Correlates of rape while intoxicated in a national sample of college women"
2289:
2259:, accessed October 16, 2015. The chapter has since moved to larger quarters.
6761:
6651:
6189:
6087:
5918:
5913:
5898:
5817:
5718:
5713:
5650:
5420:
5003:
4504:
4451:
4394:
4355:
4191:
4119:
2412:"Adventure in Friendship: A History of The National Panhellenic Conference"
2317:
1947:
1791:
1783:
1698:
1670:
1547:
Critics of Greek-letter organizations assert that they create a culture of
1505:
1252:
1240:
989:
864:
216:
152:
4999:"Pledging change: the transgender college students integrating Greek life"
4423:
Mohler-Kuo, Meichun; Dowdall, George; Koss, Mary; Wechsler, Henry (2004).
3775:"Coeducation after a Decade of Coordination. The Case of Hamilton College"
1473:
Fraternities, and to a lesser extent sororities, have been criticized for
6817:
6812:
6791:
6631:
6468:
6458:
6448:
6413:
5923:
5893:
5640:
5343:
4708:"Professors warned about popular learning tool used by students to cheat"
1713:– an initiated, undergraduate student member of a fraternity or sorority.
1666:
1558:
1432:
1359:
1260:
1228:
1132:
1093:
1056:
824:
722:
Due to their exclusion from Christian fraternities in the United States,
712:
623:
487:
402:
394:
356:
352:
5177:"Protecting the Right of NPC Members to Remain Women-Only Organizations"
3676:
Student Regulations, Policies, and Procedures, Oberlin College 2011–2012
1480:
Common hazing practices include sleep deprivation, sensory deprivation,
6418:
6239:
4982:
4611:
4540:
4151:
Loh, Catherine; Gidycz, Christine; Lobo, Tracy; Luthra, Rohini (2005).
3576:"Sorry, nerds: Fraternity brothers have more fulfilling lives later on"
3385:
2564:
African American Fraternities and Sororities: The Legacy and the Vision
1674:
1662:
1570:
Studies show that fraternity men are three times more likely to commit
1493:
1424:
887:
700:
160:
3659:
A History of Oberlin College from Its Foundation Through the Civil War
2799:"Harvard's policy against single-sex clubs was meant to protect women"
1779:– an offer to become a pledge (see below) of a fraternity or sorority.
1587:, is commonly referred to by the nickname, "Sexual Assault Expected".
871:
amendments, as are any fraternities that are not social fraternities.
6706:
6691:
6601:
6581:
6576:
6493:
6478:
6393:
6335:
5903:
3779:
Going Coed: Women's Experiences in Formerly Men's Colleges, 1950–2000
2522:
2520:
2451:
2325:
1770:
1705:
and Daniel William Cooper and an unidentified woman at a 1909 reunion
1690:
1444:
1128:
1124:
1103:
348:
344:
4101:
3550:"Here's how much more money you could make just from joining a frat"
944:
823:
Since the mid-20th century, a small number of fraternities, such as
211:, ciphers, badges, grips, hand signs, passwords, flowers, and colors
6681:
6676:
6596:
6586:
5984:
4881:
1750:
1548:
1440:
868:
813:
557:
542:
3833:"Hazing deaths on American college campuses remain far too common"
3435:"FratPAC Lobbies Congress For Tax Breaks, To Stop Anti-Hazing Law"
2894:"ERM, ORSA and Corporate Governance: The Small Company Challenges"
2833:"Harvard sued by fraternities and sororities over single-sex rule"
2517:
1519:
Several hazing incidents resulted in deaths in 2017 including the
1223:
have been members of fraternities and sororities, and the current
6786:
6781:
4877:"Greek Life Needs To Take Racism As Seriously As It Takes Hazing"
2991:. George Mason University Interfraternity Council. Archived from
1813:
1461:
1436:
1406:
study found that "4 out of 5 fraternity and sorority members are
672:
534:
379:
364:
230:
148:
2645:
229:
Fraternities and sororities have been criticized for practicing
6483:
5171:
4474:
3897:"The Connection Between College Greek Life and Substance Abuse"
3289:"Here's A List Of Every U.S. President Who Was In A Fraternity"
2309:
1717:
1651:
1501:
1474:
1466:
1428:
1375:
988:
members may sometimes be taken, often, but not always, using a
925:
723:
475:
319:
to incorporate most of the elements of modern fraternities was
3041:"Deadliest U.S. Fraternity Abolishes Pledging for New Members"
2612:
1859:– Abbreviated PNM, one who is in the process of seeking a bid.
1160:
4422:
3222:
2308:, while The Philomathean, founded in 1852, eventually became
1370:, though Princeton has now had fraternities since the 1980s.
1302:
Each organization requires its members to maintain a minimum
3204:"Bizarre fire burns frat house; blaze startedin secret room"
2385:(20th ed.). Baird's Manual Foundation. p. III-32.
1062:
With a few exceptions, most fraternities and sororities are
1957:
True Gentlemen: The Broken Pledge of America's Fraternities
1642:
Racism in United States college fraternities and sororities
1571:
568:, which it chartered in 1883. Other early foundations were
4781:
4779:
4770:"'Test banks' are at the center of UCF's cheating scandal"
4750:"'Test banks' are at the center of UCF's cheating scandal"
2364:
1677:
are issues with many college Greek systems across the US.
1214:
760:
List of LGBT and LGBT-friendly fraternities and sororities
4678:
4100:
Foubert, John; Newberry, Johnathan; Tatum, Jerry (2007).
2340:"Women's Fraternities, Sororities, and Dr. Frank Smalley"
2101:"Fraternities and Sororities | Queen's Encyclopedia"
1867:– the process of recruitment to a fraternity or sorority.
1299:
filled with test and homework answers from past members.
684:
203:
A set of complex identification symbols that may include
5279:"The Best Idea Ever to Come From a Frat Party | The Cut"
3911:"Are Fraternities and Substance Abuse Creating Addicts?"
351:
were also founded at the same institution, creating the
5217:"Policy on Sweethearts/Little Sisters/Auxiliary Groups"
4776:
4597:
2701:"Fraternities Lobby Against Campus Rape Investigations"
328:
into a scholastic honor society and abandoned secrecy.
167:
student but continues thereafter for life. Some accept
4919:"My Sorority Was Supposed to be Interfaith. It Wasn't"
4693:"List of ways students cheat on exams using scantrons"
4232:
Sexual assault on campus: The problem and the solution
4012:"Secret Handshakes Greet Frat Brothers on Wall Street"
3858:"Why Colleges Should Get Rid of Fraternities for Good"
3777:. In Miller-Bernal, Leslie; Poulson, Susan L. (eds.).
2185:. Milwaukee: Bruce Publishing Company. pp. 43–45.
1504:, urination on pledges, and the forced consumption of
498:
in 1870. The term sorority was used by a professor of
5211:
4978:"Greek Life's History of Racism Is Catching Up to It"
4938:"Transgender students underrepresented in Greek Life"
4525:
4076:"'Rapebait' e-mail reveals dark side of frat culture"
3955:"National Hazing Prevention Week | Hazing Prevention"
2926:
Anson, Jack L.; Marchenasi, Robert F., eds. (1991) .
2142:
Anson, Jack L.; Marchenasi, Robert F., eds. (1991) .
1635:
1344:
371:(1847) collectively established Union College as the
77:. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are
5418:
Caitlin Flanagan, "The Dark Power of Fraternities,"
4099:
4048:"The Problem With Frats Isn't Just Rape. It's Power"
2638:"Emergence of multicultural fraternal organizations"
1945:
Caitlin Flanagan, "The Dark Power of Fraternities,"
836:
coed fraternity was Pi Alpha Tau (1963–1991) at the
241:
and other marginalized groups, conducting dangerous
4150:
4229:
2797:
2699:
2561:
818:Fraternity and Sorority Political Action Committee
644:Christian fraternity (fraternities and sororities)
393:Fraternities represented the intersection between
267:
5073:. Florida Institute of Technology. Archived from
3400:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2450:. National Panhellenic Conference. Archived from
1835:– a fraternity or sorority with only one chapter.
1113:
775:Racist policies have since been abolished by the
626:. The first fraternities were established in the
155:. They are sometimes collectively referred to as
27:Social organizations at colleges and universities
6840:
5018:Windmeyer, Shane L.; Freeman, Pamela W. (1998).
5017:
4856:"IU Bloomington Suspends Frat for Anti-Semitism"
4572:"Colleges Condone Fraternities' Sexist Behavior"
4371:"Sorority Participation and Sexual Assault Risk"
4146:
4144:
2919:
2397:. Baird's Manual is also available online here:
2158:. Baird's Manual is also available online here:
912:"Rush week" redirects here. For other uses, see
537:fraternity established its Theta chapter at the
5457:
5241:Sigma Alpha Iota International Music Fraternity
4369:Minow, Jacqueline; Einolf, Christopher (2009).
3637:. November 28, 1993. pp. Section 1 Page 56
2925:
2630:
2383:Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities
2141:
2129:"How Queen's rejected the rise of fraternities"
1512:student organizations, such as athletic teams.
5488:North American fraternity and sorority housing
5186:(17th ed.). pp. 37–8. Archived from
4256:
4010:Abelson, Max; Faux, Zeke (December 22, 2013).
2546:
2232:, New York: The MacMillan Company, p. 211
1954:
1583:fraternity organizations that one fraternity,
1243:who have been initiated into fraternities are
1235:since 1910 have been members of fraternities.
1014:North American fraternity and sorority housing
770:Historically Black fraternities and sororities
572:at Toronto in 1892 and at McGill in 1899, and
222:Fraternities and sororities can be tax-exempt
143:, 'brotherhood' and 'sisterhood') are
5443:
5020:"How Homophobia Hurts the College Fraternity"
4141:
3772:
2762:"National Board of Directors Meeting Minutes"
1873:– one who is in the process of seeking a bid.
1565:
801:
752:Cultural interest fraternities and sororities
4635:"Access Denied: A Closer Look at Test Banks"
4291:
4227:
3493:"Student honor society promotes Greek unity"
3257:
3255:
3253:
2566:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 53.
1894:Defunct North American collegiate sororities
1889:Collegiate secret societies in North America
1733:for social fraternities and sororities, the
1296:
1282:were members of fraternities or sororities.
1274:In 2013, about 25 percent of members of the
5304:
5251:(3rd ed.). p. A-3. Archived from
4368:
4341:
4009:
2580:
2376:
2374:
1317:
134:
5450:
5436:
5245:"Current Policies and Position Statements"
4996:
4632:
4041:
4039:
3925:"Fraternal Law » Anti-Hazing Hotline"
3236:
2399:The Baird's Manual Online Archive homepage
2176:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2160:The Baird's Manual Online Archive homepage
2135:
1909:List of social fraternities and sororities
1622:
1542:
652:List of Jewish fraternities and sororities
576:at Toronto in 1893 and at McGill in 1897.
470:, pictured c. 1877, was the birthplace of
454:University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
5366:"Are You a Legacy? | Prospective Members"
5205:
5144:North-American Interfraternity Conference
4785:
4734:The Daily of the University of Washington
4726:
4656:"Ttest bank use prompts ethical concerns"
4173:
3327:North American Interfraternity Conference
3250:
2440:
1735:North American Interfraternity Conference
1219:Since 1900, 63 percent of members of the
880:North American Interfraternity Conference
777:North American Interfraternity Conference
772:were spearheaded thereafter in response.
756:List of Latino Greek-letter organizations
97:Learn how and when to remove this message
5305:Swiatkowski, Megan (February 22, 2013).
5100:
5098:
5096:
5094:
5092:
4997:Van Syckle, Katie (September 25, 2016).
4935:
4705:
4633:Burkholder, Sophie (November 13, 2019).
3655:
3547:
3432:
3286:
3173:
3139:
3058:
3056:
2587:Barnett, George A. (September 8, 2011).
2371:
2225:
1919:Professional fraternities and sororities
1684:
1460:
1159:
1050:
1030:
943:
924:
655:
458:
443:
295:
271:
73:Relevant discussion may be found on the
32:Professional fraternities and sororities
5467:Academic fraternities originating from
5235:
5233:
5167:
5165:
5061:
5059:
5057:
5055:
5053:
5051:
4975:
4956:
4916:
4853:
4727:McManigal, Christine (April 24, 2017).
4073:
4045:
4036:
3807:"Binge Drinking in Greek Organizations"
2928:Baird's Manual of American Fraternities
2714:from the original on November 27, 2020.
2586:
2483:. University Associates of Canada. 1948
2471:
2469:
2165:
2144:Baird's Manual of American Fraternities
1326:
1285:
1215:Notable fraternity and sorority members
954:University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
907:
528:
401:, and secret initiatory orders such as
14:
6841:
4957:Stewart, Mariah (September 15, 2020).
4747:
4672:
4653:
4569:
4470:
4468:
4228:Bohmer, Carol; Parrot, Andrea (1993).
3766:
3573:
3460:
3426:
3076:
2949:
2947:
2910:
2733:University of Illinois Chicago Library
2697:
2684:from the original on October 22, 2023.
2669:
2665:
2663:
2337:
2180:
1654:in Greek life to persons experiencing
1080:, wrote in his posthumously published
790:, was established in November 1981 at
215:Fraternities and sororities engage in
5431:
5276:
5089:
4828:
4327:"Legal view with Ashleigh Banfield".
4046:Bennett, Jessica (December 3, 2014).
3601:
3487:
3485:
3287:Borislow, Jared (February 20, 2017).
3053:
2693:
2691:
2380:
1465:An illustration depicting fraternity
1150:
1026:
806:
424:, with groundbreaking dated to 1878.
5503:Hazing in Greek letter organizations
5230:
5162:
5132:
5048:
4936:Spinelli, Dan (September 20, 2015).
4917:Sherbet, Maddy (November 13, 2019).
4898:"Can Trans Girls Be Sorority Girls?"
4895:
4874:
4748:Postal, Leslie (November 21, 2010).
4673:Handel, Sarah (September 16, 2008).
3682:. Oberlin College. 2011. p. 34.
3406:
2839:. Associated Press. December 3, 2018
2642:National Multicultural Greek Council
2528:"History of Philippine Fraternities"
2466:
1484:and other types of spanking, use of
1457:Hazing in Greek letter organizations
781:National Multicultural Greek Council
687:in general, as is characteristic of
679:Many early fraternities referred to
50:
4896:Ruiz, Michelle (October 17, 2016).
4854:Johnson, Elin (December 17, 2019).
4529:Psychology of Men & Masculinity
4465:
3785:. pp. 245–257, at p. 254–255.
3409:"Paul Martin – life after politics"
3232:. New York Institute of Technology.
3176:"Nathaniel Hawthorne's Untold Tale"
3142:"Nathaniel Hawthorne's Untold Tale"
2944:
2913:"10 Biggest Fraternities In The US"
2660:
2481:The Encyclopedia of Canada, Vol. II
2229:Individual Training in Our Colleges
1929:Service fraternities and sororities
1271:have been members of fraternities.
878:became the first fraternity in the
867:are required to be co-ed under the
745:
24:
5277:Lange, Maggie (October 24, 2014).
4875:Noel, Gabrielle (April 27, 2018).
4706:McKenzie, Lindsay (May 14, 2018).
4675:"Breaking The Test Bank Wide Open"
4477:Journal of American College Health
3696:"Equality | Guilford College"
3629:"Princeton's Fraternities Growing"
3548:Blumberg, Yoni (October 9, 2017).
3482:
3174:Matthews, Jack (August 15, 2010).
3140:Matthews, Jack (August 15, 2010).
2896:. First Consulting. Archived from
2688:
2530:. November 4, 2017. Archived from
1939:
1636:Racism and minority discrimination
1345:Homogeneous membership and elitism
1041:Washington & Jefferson College
786:The first multicultural sorority,
25:
6865:
5412:
4976:Tingley, Anna (August 25, 2020).
4161:Journal of Interpersonal Violence
4074:Foubert, John (October 9, 2013).
3602:Bruni, Frank (December 2, 2014).
3461:Jacobs, Peter (January 8, 2014).
3433:Kingkade, Tyler (July 25, 2013).
3180:The Chronicle of Higher Education
2891:
2670:Jacobs, Peter (October 9, 2014).
2448:"National Panhellenic Conference"
2226:Birdseye, Clarence Frank (1907),
2115:"The pledge against fraternities"
1613:University of Southern California
1363:clique of people just like you?"
1278:and 40 percent of members of the
838:University of Illinois at Chicago
390:, in 1824 bearing the same name.
5383:
5358:
5328:
5298:
5270:
5146:. April 23, 2012. Archived from
5011:
4990:
4969:
4950:
4929:
4910:
4889:
4868:
4847:
4831:"Your fraternity brother is gay"
4822:
4762:
4741:
4720:
4570:Syrett, Nicholas (May 6, 2011).
3656:Fletcher, Robert Samuel (1943).
3117:. April 25, 1938. Archived from
2698:Glovin, David (March 24, 2015).
2338:Becque, Fran (August 12, 2013).
2183:Handbook of Secret Organizations
1760:Roberts v. United States Jaycees
200:where undergraduate members live
55:
6854:Fraternity and sorority culture
5662:Asian/Pacific Islander-American
5173:National Panhellenic Conference
4699:
4685:
4666:
4654:Butler, Matt (April 18, 2014).
4647:
4626:
4591:
4563:
4519:
4416:
4362:
4335:
4320:
4285:
4250:
4221:
4093:
4067:
4003:
3977:
3947:
3917:
3903:
3889:
3875:
3850:
3825:
3799:
3744:
3714:
3688:
3667:
3649:
3621:
3595:
3567:
3541:
3511:
3454:
3370:
3353:"Prominent Pi Gamma Mu Members"
3345:
3311:
3280:
3263:"Fraternities & Sororities"
3246:. The University of New Mexico.
3230:"Fraternities & Sororities"
3196:
3167:
3133:
3101:
3070:
3033:
3007:
2977:
2904:
2885:
2851:
2825:
2790:
2771:. December 2014. Archived from
2754:
2718:
2605:
2589:Encyclopedia of Social Networks
2495:
2419:National Panhellenic Conference
2404:
2357:
2331:
2295:
2283:
2262:
2243:
2219:
1981:
1739:National Panhellenic Conference
1597:University of Northern Colorado
1155:
523:National Panhellenic Conference
268:Establishment and early history
5247:. In Nieburg, Janet T. (ed.).
3773:Miller-Bernal, Leslie (2004).
3574:Nelson, Libby (May 28, 2014).
3525:. May 27, 2014. Archived from
3407:Kerr, Peter (August 1, 2009).
2985:"Glossary of Greek Life Terms"
2189:
2121:
2107:
2093:
2079:
2047:
2009:
1397:
1166:President of the United States
1114:Symbols and naming conventions
663:fraternity members assist the
585:University of British Columbia
163:or sorority is obtained as an
13:
1:
5424:, March 2014, pp. 72–91.
5315:Pennsylvania State University
4829:Boros, Zach (March 9, 2017).
4489:10.1080/07448481.2017.1343829
4432:Journal of Studies on Alcohol
4236:. New York: Lexington Books.
3378:"Famous Betas of Achievement"
3085:University of Tennessee Press
2344:Fraternity History & More
2002:
1951:, March 2014, pp. 72–91.
1276:U.S. House of Representatives
898:
628:University of the Philippines
605:University of Western Ontario
560:established a chapter at the
439:
196:Ownership and occupancy of a
159:. Generally, membership in a
4729:"Test files: The no-no word"
3267:Princeton University Reports
2955:"Rush and Pledging Problems"
2292:, accessed October 16, 2015.
1899:High school secret societies
1731:Greek umbrella organizations
1496:. Rarer incidents involving
1339:
1007:
7:
6849:Fraternities and sororities
5565:Lists by country/territory
5536:Fraternities and sororities
5459:Fraternities and sororities
5106:"Fraternity/Sorority Terms"
3783:Vanderbilt University Press
2617:Multicultural Greek Council
1877:
1755:United States Supreme Court
1680:
1469:from the early 20th century
1413:
1227:of five of the ten largest
1206:A 2007 survey conducted by
637:
325:College of William and Mary
282:College of William and Mary
239:against non white students
44:Sisterhood (disambiguation)
40:Fraternity (disambiguation)
10:
6870:
2867:University of Pennsylvania
2314:University of Pennsylvania
1639:
1566:Sexism and sexual violence
1523:in which three members of
1454:
1011:
918:
914:Rush week (disambiguation)
911:
802:Structure and organization
749:
665:Georgia Air National Guard
641:
609:Wilfrid Laurier University
355:. The further birthing of
256:
252:
29:
6805:
6507:
6349:
6268:
6101:
6075:
6017:
5982:
5884:
5831:
5752:
5659:
5589:
5528:
5475:
5465:
5249:Chapter Procedures Manual
5140:"Constitution and Bylaws"
4271:10.1007/s11199-005-7136-6
3109:"Books: Hawthorne's Line"
3049:. No. March 7, 2014.
1450:
1269:Prime Ministers of Canada
966:indicates that the term "
796:New Brunswick, New Jersey
276:The fraternity system in
259:Fraternity § History
136:
127:
5224:Risk Management Policies
4808:10.1525/sp.2010.57.4.653
4800:10.1525/sp.2010.57.4.653
4387:10.1177/1077801209334472
4184:10.1177/0886260505278528
3781:. Nashville, Tennessee:
3463:"Don't Ban Fraternities"
3021:. The Fraternity Advisor
3019:thefraternityadvisor.com
2911:Ishita (June 25, 2022).
2477:"Fraternities in Canada"
2270:"ATO Facts & Firsts"
2255:August 26, 2016, at the
2181:Whalen, Richard (1967).
1974:
1318:Professional advancement
1225:chief executive officers
1055:A model chapter room of
1045:Washington, Pennsylvania
703:, while others, such as
315:The first fraternity in
217:philanthropic activities
4943:The Daily Pennsylvanian
4444:10.15288/jsa.2004.65.37
4306:10.1023/A:1025613725757
3319:"Fraternity Statistics"
2302:Wesleyan Female College
1955:John Hechinger (2017).
1753:exemptions, citing the
1623:Test and homework banks
1543:Nepotism and networking
1529:death of Maxwell Gruver
1492:, forced drinking, and
1297:test and homework banks
1108:University of Wisconsin
1084:of his initiation into
539:University of Edinburgh
514:, established in 1874.
430:University of the South
224:501(c)(7) organizations
5520:Mother of Fraternities
5027:Saint Louis University
4963:INSIGHT Into Diversity
4375:Violence Against Women
4120:10.2202/1949-6605.1866
3604:"A Pox on Campus Life"
3077:Dundes, Allan (1993).
2959:The Fraternity Advisor
1839:National/international
1773:. See also pledge pin.
1706:
1470:
1378:universities, such as
1196:
1099:
1059:
1048:
956:
941:
820:lobby to maintain it.
699:(1907), only admitted
676:
613:University of Waterloo
597:University of Manitoba
479:
456:
407:University of Michigan
378:The social fraternity
373:Mother of Fraternities
312:
293:
286:Williamsburg, Virginia
226:in the United States.
135:
126:
42:. For other uses, see
38:. For other uses, see
5213:Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia
4841:University of Alabama
3965:on September 23, 2018
3754:. Brandeis University
3015:"Fraternity Legacies"
2778:on September 24, 2015
2591:. SAGE. p. 298.
2290:Gamma Chapter history
1743:Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia
1703:Benjamin Piatt Runkle
1701:, including founders
1688:
1646:Researchers, such as
1640:Further information:
1464:
1221:United States cabinet
1163:
1106:chapter house at the
1090:
1054:
1034:
947:
928:
659:
579:The first sorority ,
562:University of Toronto
462:
447:
388:Princeton, New Jersey
361:Omicron Kappa Epsilon
341:Schenectady, New York
299:
275:
257:Further information:
209:armorial achievements
5395:Legacy History Pride
5258:on February 24, 2016
5184:Unanimous Agreements
5077:on September 5, 2015
4772:. November 21, 2010.
4640:34th Street Magazine
3959:hazingprevention.org
3210:. September 27, 2003
3154:The Chronicle Review
2965:on September 7, 2015
2806:. January 17, 2019.
2381:Anson, Jack (1991).
2367:. December 25, 2021.
2365:"Soror - Wiktionary"
2197:"History of Chi Phi"
1857:Potential new member
1435:use with drugs like
1368:Princeton University
1327:Personal fulfillment
1293:grade point averages
1286:Academic performance
1208:Princeton University
921:Sorority recruitment
908:Rushing and pledging
829:Lambda Lambda Lambda
681:Christian principles
669:George Floyd protest
593:Dalhousie University
529:Internationalization
384:Princeton University
304:fraternity house at
292:was founded in 1776.
198:residential property
145:social organizations
66:factual accuracy is
6509:Social fraternities
5833:Historically Jewish
5391:"What is a Legacy?"
5370:Sigma Nu Fraternity
5346:on October 20, 2021
5336:"The frat boy look"
5307:"The Fracket Bible"
5067:"Greek Terminology"
5036:on January 23, 2021
4209:on November 9, 2017
4024:on February 2, 2015
3991:. February 14, 2019
3935:on October 27, 2015
3885:. February 3, 2022.
3811:addictioncenter.com
3732:on October 21, 2018
3121:on February 4, 2013
2648:on October 15, 2015
2454:on January 26, 2009
2322:New York University
1630:academic dishonesty
1607:magazine columnist
1585:Sigma Alpha Epsilon
1521:death of Tim Piazza
1388:Brandeis University
1189:Delta Kappa Epsilon
1183:and his successor,
1171:was initiated into
1086:Delta Kappa Epsilon
1078:Nathaniel Hawthorne
1002:Sigma Alpha Epsilon
849:Epsilon Sigma Alpha
730:, founded in 1898.
589:Carleton University
570:Kappa Alpha Society
504:Syracuse University
411:Ann Arbor, Michigan
333:Kappa Alpha Society
306:Syracuse University
245:, and facilitating
5513:Philippines deaths
5120:on August 10, 2018
4612:10.1111/fare.12229
4577:The New York Times
4541:10.1037/men0000076
3813:. Addiction Center
3662:. Oberlin College.
3634:The New York Times
3388:on August 10, 2018
3066:. August 31, 2021.
2742:on August 13, 2016
2534:on August 10, 2018
2089:. October 5, 2012.
1884:Alumni association
1707:
1471:
1404:Harvard University
1265:Franklin Roosevelt
1233:U.S. Supreme Court
1197:
1187:, was a member of
1151:Membership profile
1060:
1049:
1027:Secrecy and ritual
957:
942:
935:Cornell University
892:Harvard University
807:Gender exclusivity
792:Rutgers University
697:Alpha Kappa Lambda
677:
648:Christian sorority
601:Queen's University
551:American Civil War
480:
457:
422:Cornell University
399:literary societies
313:
310:Syracuse, New York
294:
18:Student fraternity
6836:
6835:
6351:Social sororities
5284:New York Magazine
4836:The Crimson White
4331:. March 10, 2015.
4168:(10): 1325–1348.
3913:. March 23, 2018.
3529:on August 7, 2017
3333:on August 7, 2016
2995:on March 25, 2015
2900:on June 30, 2017.
2769:Sigma Phi Epsilon
2117:. March 31, 2017.
2028:978-0-306-13192-9
1959:. PublicAffairs.
1648:Matthew W. Hughey
1308:Gamma Sigma Alpha
1249:George H. W. Bush
1185:George H. W. Bush
1173:Tau Kappa Epsilon
1121:Delta Delta Delta
876:Sigma Phi Epsilon
740:Sigma Alpha Omega
632:Upsilon Sigma Phi
581:Kappa Alpha Theta
566:McGill University
496:Kappa Kappa Gamma
492:Kappa Alpha Theta
450:Kappa Kappa Gamma
434:Phi Sigma Kappa's
418:Alpha Delta Phi's
323:, founded at the
237:, discriminating
107:
106:
99:
16:(Redirected from
6861:
6823:Gentlemen's club
5593:African-American
5452:
5445:
5438:
5429:
5428:
5406:
5405:
5403:
5401:
5387:
5381:
5380:
5378:
5376:
5362:
5356:
5355:
5353:
5351:
5342:. Archived from
5340:Education in USA
5332:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5321:
5302:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5274:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5263:
5257:
5237:
5228:
5227:
5221:
5209:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5193:on March 4, 2016
5192:
5181:
5169:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5155:
5136:
5130:
5129:
5127:
5125:
5116:. Archived from
5102:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5082:
5063:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5041:
5035:
5029:. Archived from
5024:
5015:
5009:
5008:
4994:
4988:
4987:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4954:
4948:
4947:
4933:
4927:
4926:
4914:
4908:
4907:
4893:
4887:
4886:
4872:
4866:
4865:
4861:Inside Higher Ed
4851:
4845:
4844:
4826:
4820:
4819:
4783:
4774:
4773:
4766:
4760:
4759:
4755:Orlando Sentinel
4745:
4739:
4738:
4724:
4718:
4717:
4713:Inside Higher Ed
4703:
4697:
4696:
4689:
4683:
4682:
4670:
4664:
4663:
4651:
4645:
4644:
4630:
4624:
4623:
4600:Family Relations
4595:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4584:
4567:
4561:
4560:
4523:
4517:
4516:
4472:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4458:
4429:
4420:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4409:
4366:
4360:
4359:
4350:(141): 141–152.
4339:
4333:
4332:
4324:
4318:
4317:
4300:(5/6): 451–457.
4289:
4283:
4282:
4265:(7–8): 487–493.
4254:
4248:
4247:
4235:
4225:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4208:
4202:. Archived from
4177:
4157:
4148:
4139:
4138:
4136:
4134:
4097:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4086:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4060:
4043:
4034:
4033:
4031:
4029:
4020:. Archived from
4007:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3996:
3981:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3961:. Archived from
3951:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3940:
3931:. Archived from
3929:fraternallaw.com
3921:
3915:
3914:
3907:
3901:
3900:
3893:
3887:
3886:
3879:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3868:
3854:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3829:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3770:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3759:
3748:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3737:
3728:. Archived from
3722:"Community Life"
3718:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3698:. Archived from
3692:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3671:
3665:
3663:
3653:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3642:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3599:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3545:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3534:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3504:
3489:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3468:Business Insider
3458:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3430:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3393:
3384:. Archived from
3374:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3329:. Archived from
3315:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3299:on June 18, 2018
3295:. Archived from
3284:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3259:
3248:
3247:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3226:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3186:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3148:Julian Hawthorne
3137:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3105:
3099:
3098:
3080:Folklore Matters
3074:
3068:
3067:
3060:
3051:
3050:
3037:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3011:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2961:. Archived from
2951:
2942:
2941:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2915:. StudentSorted.
2908:
2902:
2901:
2892:Stern, Carol S.
2889:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2873:on July 27, 2017
2869:. Archived from
2855:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2801:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2777:
2766:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2741:
2735:. Archived from
2730:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2703:
2695:
2686:
2685:
2677:Business Insider
2667:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2653:
2644:. Archived from
2634:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2559:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2524:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2473:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2428:on June 28, 2013
2427:
2421:. Archived from
2416:
2408:
2402:
2396:
2378:
2369:
2368:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2335:
2329:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2266:
2260:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2207:on April 3, 2019
2203:. Archived from
2193:
2187:
2186:
2178:
2163:
2157:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2066:
2060:. Archived from
2059:
2055:"Alpha Xi Delta"
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2035:on March 6, 2016
2031:. Archived from
2013:
1996:
1985:
1970:
1747:Sigma Alpha Iota
1695:Miami University
1656:microaggressions
1486:stress positions
1392:Hamilton College
1380:Guilford College
1181:Eureka, Illinois
1145:Seal and Serpent
1074:Julian Hawthorne
1064:secret societies
939:Ithaca, New York
788:Mu Sigma Upsilon
746:Multiculturalism
736:Beta Upsilon Chi
691:. Some, such as
689:fraternal orders
617:Brock University
464:Wesleyan College
302:Lambda Chi Alpha
142:
140:
131:
102:
95:
91:
88:
82:
79:reliably sourced
59:
58:
51:
21:
6869:
6868:
6864:
6863:
6862:
6860:
6859:
6858:
6839:
6838:
6837:
6832:
6801:
6503:
6345:
6264:
6097:
6076:Native American
6071:
6013:
5978:
5880:
5827:
5755:
5748:
5661:
5655:
5592:
5585:
5524:
5471:
5461:
5456:
5415:
5410:
5409:
5399:
5397:
5389:
5388:
5384:
5374:
5372:
5364:
5363:
5359:
5349:
5347:
5334:
5333:
5329:
5319:
5317:
5303:
5299:
5289:
5287:
5275:
5271:
5261:
5259:
5255:
5238:
5231:
5219:
5210:
5206:
5196:
5194:
5190:
5179:
5170:
5163:
5153:
5151:
5150:on July 9, 2018
5138:
5137:
5133:
5123:
5121:
5114:Elon University
5104:
5103:
5090:
5080:
5078:
5065:
5064:
5049:
5039:
5037:
5033:
5022:
5016:
5012:
4995:
4991:
4974:
4970:
4955:
4951:
4934:
4930:
4915:
4911:
4894:
4890:
4873:
4869:
4852:
4848:
4827:
4823:
4788:Social Problems
4784:
4777:
4768:
4767:
4763:
4746:
4742:
4725:
4721:
4704:
4700:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4671:
4667:
4652:
4648:
4631:
4627:
4596:
4592:
4582:
4580:
4568:
4564:
4524:
4520:
4473:
4466:
4456:
4454:
4427:
4421:
4417:
4407:
4405:
4367:
4363:
4340:
4336:
4326:
4325:
4321:
4290:
4286:
4255:
4251:
4244:
4226:
4222:
4212:
4210:
4206:
4175:10.1.1.208.7187
4155:
4149:
4142:
4132:
4130:
4098:
4094:
4084:
4082:
4072:
4068:
4058:
4056:
4044:
4037:
4027:
4025:
4008:
4004:
3994:
3992:
3983:
3982:
3978:
3968:
3966:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3938:
3936:
3923:
3922:
3918:
3909:
3908:
3904:
3895:
3894:
3890:
3881:
3880:
3876:
3866:
3864:
3856:
3855:
3851:
3841:
3839:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3816:
3814:
3805:
3804:
3800:
3793:
3771:
3767:
3757:
3755:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3735:
3733:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3705:
3703:
3702:on May 15, 2012
3694:
3693:
3689:
3679:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3654:
3650:
3640:
3638:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3612:
3610:
3600:
3596:
3586:
3584:
3572:
3568:
3558:
3556:
3546:
3542:
3532:
3530:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3502:
3500:
3499:. March 4, 2014
3491:
3490:
3483:
3473:
3471:
3459:
3455:
3445:
3443:
3440:Huffington Post
3431:
3427:
3417:
3415:
3405:
3401:
3391:
3389:
3376:
3375:
3371:
3361:
3359:
3351:
3350:
3346:
3336:
3334:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3302:
3300:
3293:Total Frat Move
3285:
3281:
3271:
3269:
3261:
3260:
3251:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3213:
3211:
3202:
3201:
3197:
3184:
3182:
3172:
3168:
3158:
3156:
3138:
3134:
3124:
3122:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3095:
3075:
3071:
3062:
3061:
3054:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3024:
3022:
3013:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2968:
2966:
2953:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2924:
2920:
2909:
2905:
2890:
2886:
2876:
2874:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2842:
2840:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2816:
2814:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2781:
2779:
2775:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2696:
2689:
2668:
2661:
2651:
2649:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2621:
2619:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2599:
2585:
2581:
2574:
2560:
2547:
2537:
2535:
2526:
2525:
2518:
2508:
2506:
2505:. June 19, 2013
2501:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2484:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2457:
2455:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2393:
2379:
2372:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2348:
2346:
2336:
2332:
2300:
2296:
2288:
2284:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2257:Wayback Machine
2250:Chapter History
2248:
2244:
2235:
2233:
2224:
2220:
2210:
2208:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2179:
2166:
2154:
2140:
2136:
2131:. June 3, 2019.
2127:
2126:
2122:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2070:
2068:
2067:on July 3, 2017
2064:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2029:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1999:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1967:
1942:
1940:Further reading
1934:Students' union
1914:Old boy network
1880:
1727:auxiliary group
1720:/Alumna/Alumnus
1683:
1644:
1638:
1625:
1609:Jessica Bennett
1568:
1545:
1488:, forced runs,
1459:
1453:
1421:benzodiazepines
1416:
1400:
1384:Earlham College
1372:Oberlin College
1347:
1342:
1329:
1320:
1288:
1237:U.S. presidents
1217:
1193:Yale University
1158:
1153:
1116:
1037:Phi Kappa Sigma
1029:
1016:
1010:
950:Alpha Sigma Phi
931:Alpha Delta Phi
923:
917:
910:
901:
857:Alpha Kappa Psi
851:, Alpha Tau Mu
845:Alpha Phi Omega
833:Alpha Phi Omega
809:
804:
762:
748:
709:Phi Kappa Theta
661:Alpha Phi Alpha
654:
642:Main articles:
640:
574:Alpha Delta Phi
531:
442:
426:Alpha Tau Omega
369:Theta Delta Chi
270:
265:
255:
103:
92:
86:
83:
72:
64:This article's
60:
56:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6867:
6857:
6856:
6851:
6834:
6833:
6831:
6830:
6828:Secret society
6825:
6820:
6815:
6809:
6807:
6803:
6802:
6800:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6549:
6544:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6513:
6511:
6505:
6504:
6502:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6355:
6353:
6347:
6346:
6344:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6272:
6270:
6269:Major specific
6266:
6265:
6263:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6111:
6109:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6079:
6077:
6073:
6072:
6070:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6023:
6021:
6015:
6014:
6012:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5990:
5988:
5980:
5979:
5977:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5890:
5888:
5882:
5881:
5879:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5837:
5835:
5829:
5828:
5826:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5764:
5762:
5750:
5749:
5747:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5665:
5663:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5597:
5595:
5587:
5586:
5584:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5532:
5530:
5526:
5525:
5523:
5522:
5517:
5516:
5515:
5510:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5479:
5477:
5473:
5472:
5466:
5463:
5462:
5455:
5454:
5447:
5440:
5432:
5426:
5425:
5414:
5413:External links
5411:
5408:
5407:
5382:
5357:
5327:
5297:
5269:
5229:
5204:
5161:
5131:
5088:
5047:
5010:
4989:
4968:
4949:
4928:
4909:
4888:
4867:
4846:
4821:
4794:(4): 653–679.
4775:
4761:
4740:
4719:
4698:
4684:
4665:
4646:
4625:
4590:
4562:
4518:
4483:(7): 482–491.
4464:
4415:
4381:(7): 835–851.
4361:
4334:
4319:
4284:
4249:
4243:978-0029037157
4242:
4220:
4140:
4114:(4): 728–749.
4092:
4066:
4035:
4002:
3976:
3946:
3916:
3902:
3888:
3874:
3849:
3824:
3798:
3791:
3765:
3743:
3713:
3687:
3666:
3648:
3620:
3608:New York Times
3594:
3566:
3540:
3510:
3481:
3453:
3425:
3413:The Montrealer
3399:
3369:
3344:
3310:
3279:
3249:
3235:
3221:
3195:
3166:
3146:Excerpts from
3132:
3100:
3094:978-0870497766
3093:
3087:. p. 31.
3069:
3052:
3032:
3006:
2976:
2943:
2937:978-0963715906
2936:
2918:
2903:
2884:
2850:
2824:
2789:
2753:
2717:
2687:
2659:
2629:
2604:
2597:
2579:
2572:
2545:
2516:
2494:
2465:
2439:
2403:
2392:978-0963715906
2391:
2370:
2356:
2330:
2306:Alpha Delta Pi
2294:
2282:
2261:
2242:
2218:
2201:www.chiphi.org
2188:
2164:
2153:978-0963715906
2152:
2134:
2120:
2106:
2092:
2078:
2046:
2027:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1966:978-1610396820
1965:
1952:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1924:Secret society
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1874:
1868:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1810:
1802:
1796:
1788:
1780:
1774:
1764:
1723:
1714:
1682:
1679:
1661:Additionally,
1650:, have linked
1637:
1634:
1624:
1621:
1576:sexual assault
1567:
1564:
1544:
1541:
1452:
1449:
1415:
1412:
1408:binge drinkers
1399:
1396:
1355:New York Times
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1328:
1325:
1319:
1316:
1312:Order of Omega
1287:
1284:
1245:George W. Bush
1216:
1213:
1177:Eureka College
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1115:
1112:
1028:
1025:
1012:Main article:
1009:
1006:
970:" and later, "
963:Baird's Manual
909:
906:
900:
897:
890:case in 2016,
861:Delta Sigma Pi
808:
805:
803:
800:
747:
744:
705:Beta Sigma Psi
639:
636:
547:American South
530:
527:
512:Gamma Phi Beta
484:Alpha Delta Pi
472:Alpha Delta Pi
468:Macon, Georgia
441:
438:
321:Phi Beta Kappa
290:Phi Beta Kappa
269:
266:
254:
251:
243:hazing rituals
213:
212:
201:
194:
182:
176:
105:
104:
63:
61:
54:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6866:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6846:
6844:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6810:
6808:
6804:
6798:
6795:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6514:
6512:
6510:
6506:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6357:
6356:
6354:
6352:
6348:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6273:
6271:
6267:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6108:
6104:
6100:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6080:
6078:
6074:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6024:
6022:
6020:
6016:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5983:Historically
5981:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5891:
5889:
5887:
5886:Multicultural
5883:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5834:
5830:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5765:
5763:
5761:
5757:
5751:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5666:
5664:
5658:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5598:
5596:
5594:
5588:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5566:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5541:North America
5539:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5527:
5521:
5518:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5478:
5474:
5470:
5469:North America
5464:
5460:
5453:
5448:
5446:
5441:
5439:
5434:
5433:
5430:
5423:
5422:
5417:
5416:
5396:
5392:
5386:
5371:
5367:
5361:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5331:
5316:
5312:
5308:
5301:
5286:
5285:
5280:
5273:
5254:
5250:
5246:
5242:
5236:
5234:
5225:
5218:
5214:
5208:
5189:
5185:
5178:
5174:
5168:
5166:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5135:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5101:
5099:
5097:
5095:
5093:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5062:
5060:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5052:
5040:September 17,
5032:
5028:
5021:
5014:
5006:
5005:
5000:
4993:
4985:
4984:
4979:
4972:
4964:
4960:
4953:
4945:
4944:
4939:
4932:
4924:
4920:
4913:
4905:
4904:
4899:
4892:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4871:
4863:
4862:
4857:
4850:
4842:
4838:
4837:
4832:
4825:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4805:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4789:
4782:
4780:
4771:
4765:
4757:
4756:
4751:
4744:
4736:
4735:
4730:
4723:
4715:
4714:
4709:
4702:
4694:
4688:
4680:
4676:
4669:
4661:
4657:
4650:
4642:
4641:
4636:
4629:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4609:
4606:(1): 89–103.
4605:
4601:
4594:
4579:
4578:
4573:
4566:
4558:
4554:
4550:
4546:
4542:
4538:
4534:
4530:
4522:
4514:
4510:
4506:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4490:
4486:
4482:
4478:
4471:
4469:
4453:
4449:
4445:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4426:
4419:
4404:
4400:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4372:
4365:
4357:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4338:
4330:
4323:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4303:
4299:
4295:
4288:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4264:
4260:
4253:
4245:
4239:
4234:
4233:
4224:
4205:
4201:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4162:
4154:
4147:
4145:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4108:
4107:NASPA Journal
4103:
4096:
4081:
4077:
4070:
4055:
4054:
4049:
4042:
4040:
4023:
4019:
4018:
4013:
4006:
3995:September 17,
3990:
3986:
3980:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3950:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3920:
3912:
3906:
3898:
3892:
3884:
3878:
3863:
3859:
3853:
3838:
3837:The Economist
3834:
3828:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3794:
3792:9780826514493
3788:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3769:
3753:
3747:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3717:
3701:
3697:
3691:
3678:
3677:
3670:
3661:
3660:
3652:
3636:
3635:
3630:
3624:
3609:
3605:
3598:
3583:
3582:
3577:
3570:
3555:
3551:
3544:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3514:
3498:
3494:
3488:
3486:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3457:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3429:
3414:
3410:
3403:
3387:
3383:
3382:Beta Theta Pi
3379:
3373:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3314:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3283:
3268:
3264:
3258:
3256:
3254:
3245:
3239:
3231:
3225:
3209:
3208:Journal Times
3205:
3199:
3192:
3181:
3177:
3170:
3155:
3151:
3149:
3143:
3136:
3120:
3116:
3115:
3110:
3104:
3096:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3081:
3073:
3065:
3059:
3057:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3036:
3020:
3016:
3010:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2980:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2950:
2948:
2939:
2933:
2929:
2922:
2914:
2907:
2899:
2895:
2888:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2854:
2838:
2834:
2828:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2804:The Economist
2800:
2793:
2774:
2770:
2763:
2757:
2738:
2734:
2727:
2721:
2713:
2709:
2708:
2702:
2694:
2692:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2666:
2664:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2633:
2618:
2614:
2608:
2600:
2598:9781412979115
2594:
2590:
2583:
2575:
2573:9780813136622
2569:
2565:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2533:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2504:
2498:
2482:
2478:
2472:
2470:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2424:
2420:
2413:
2407:
2400:
2394:
2388:
2384:
2377:
2375:
2366:
2360:
2345:
2341:
2334:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2298:
2291:
2286:
2271:
2265:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2246:
2231:
2230:
2222:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2184:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2145:
2138:
2130:
2124:
2116:
2110:
2102:
2096:
2088:
2082:
2063:
2056:
2050:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2012:
2008:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1980:
1968:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1904:Honor society
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1757:'s ruling in
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1643:
1633:
1631:
1620:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1592:
1588:
1586:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1540:
1538:
1537:Matthew Ellis
1534:
1533:Andrew Coffey
1530:
1526:
1525:Beta Theta Pi
1522:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1476:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1337:
1334:
1324:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1257:Ronald Reagan
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1212:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1201:North America
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1169:Ronald Reagan
1167:
1162:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1098:
1095:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1076:, the son of
1075:
1071:
1067:
1065:
1058:
1053:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1005:
1003:
997:
993:
991:
985:
981:
977:
976:
973:
969:
965:
964:
955:
952:house at the
951:
946:
940:
936:
932:
927:
922:
915:
905:
896:
893:
889:
884:
881:
877:
872:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
841:
839:
834:
830:
826:
821:
819:
815:
799:
797:
793:
789:
784:
782:
778:
773:
771:
767:
761:
757:
753:
743:
741:
737:
731:
729:
728:Zeta Beta Tau
725:
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
693:Alpha Chi Rho
690:
686:
685:Supreme Being
682:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
653:
649:
645:
635:
633:
629:
625:
620:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
577:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
554:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
533:In 1867, the
526:
524:
519:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
455:
452:house at the
451:
446:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
337:Union College
334:
329:
326:
322:
318:
317:North America
311:
307:
303:
298:
291:
287:
283:
280:began at the
279:
278:North America
274:
264:
263:Philhellenism
260:
250:
248:
247:alcohol abuse
244:
240:
236:
232:
227:
225:
220:
218:
210:
206:
205:Greek letters
202:
199:
195:
193:
189:
188:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
172:
170:
166:
165:undergraduate
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
141:
139:
132:
130:
124:
120:
116:
112:
111:North America
101:
98:
90:
80:
76:
70:
69:
62:
53:
52:
49:
45:
41:
37:
36:Honor society
33:
19:
6757:ΦΜΑ Sinfonia
6107:Puerto Rican
5756:fraternities
5660:Historically
5591:Historically
5551:Professional
5535:
5458:
5421:The Atlantic
5419:
5398:. Retrieved
5394:
5385:
5373:. Retrieved
5369:
5360:
5348:. Retrieved
5344:the original
5339:
5330:
5318:. Retrieved
5311:Onward State
5310:
5300:
5288:. Retrieved
5282:
5272:
5260:. Retrieved
5253:the original
5248:
5226:. p. 7.
5223:
5207:
5195:. Retrieved
5188:the original
5183:
5152:. Retrieved
5148:the original
5134:
5124:September 4,
5122:. Retrieved
5118:the original
5109:
5081:September 4,
5079:. Retrieved
5075:the original
5070:
5038:. Retrieved
5031:the original
5013:
5004:The Guardian
5002:
4992:
4981:
4971:
4962:
4952:
4941:
4931:
4922:
4912:
4903:Cosmopolitan
4901:
4891:
4880:
4870:
4859:
4849:
4834:
4824:
4791:
4787:
4764:
4753:
4743:
4732:
4722:
4711:
4701:
4687:
4668:
4659:
4649:
4638:
4628:
4603:
4599:
4593:
4583:December 30,
4581:. Retrieved
4575:
4565:
4532:
4528:
4521:
4480:
4476:
4455:. Retrieved
4438:(1): 37–45.
4435:
4431:
4418:
4406:. Retrieved
4378:
4374:
4364:
4347:
4343:
4337:
4328:
4322:
4297:
4293:
4287:
4262:
4258:
4252:
4231:
4223:
4211:. Retrieved
4204:the original
4165:
4159:
4131:. Retrieved
4111:
4105:
4095:
4083:. Retrieved
4079:
4069:
4059:December 30,
4057:. Retrieved
4051:
4028:December 28,
4026:. Retrieved
4022:the original
4015:
4005:
3993:. Retrieved
3988:
3979:
3967:. Retrieved
3963:the original
3958:
3949:
3937:. Retrieved
3933:the original
3928:
3919:
3905:
3891:
3877:
3865:. Retrieved
3861:
3852:
3840:. Retrieved
3836:
3827:
3817:September 2,
3815:. Retrieved
3810:
3801:
3778:
3768:
3756:. Retrieved
3746:
3734:. Retrieved
3730:the original
3725:
3716:
3704:. Retrieved
3700:the original
3690:
3675:
3669:
3658:
3651:
3639:. Retrieved
3632:
3623:
3611:. Retrieved
3607:
3597:
3587:December 28,
3585:. Retrieved
3579:
3569:
3557:. Retrieved
3553:
3543:
3531:. Retrieved
3527:the original
3522:
3513:
3501:. Retrieved
3496:
3474:December 28,
3472:. Retrieved
3466:
3456:
3444:. Retrieved
3438:
3428:
3416:. Retrieved
3412:
3402:
3390:. Retrieved
3386:the original
3381:
3372:
3360:. Retrieved
3356:
3347:
3337:December 28,
3335:. Retrieved
3331:the original
3322:
3313:
3301:. Retrieved
3297:the original
3292:
3282:
3270:. Retrieved
3266:
3244:"Fact Sheet"
3238:
3224:
3214:September 2,
3212:. Retrieved
3207:
3198:
3190:
3183:. Retrieved
3179:
3169:
3157:. Retrieved
3145:
3135:
3123:. Retrieved
3119:the original
3112:
3103:
3079:
3072:
3044:
3035:
3025:December 28,
3023:. Retrieved
3018:
3009:
2999:December 28,
2997:. Retrieved
2993:the original
2988:
2979:
2969:September 2,
2967:. Retrieved
2963:the original
2958:
2927:
2921:
2906:
2898:the original
2887:
2877:September 4,
2875:. Retrieved
2871:the original
2863:Penn Provost
2862:
2853:
2841:. Retrieved
2836:
2827:
2815:. Retrieved
2803:
2792:
2780:. Retrieved
2773:the original
2768:
2756:
2744:. Retrieved
2737:the original
2732:
2720:
2705:
2675:
2650:. Retrieved
2646:the original
2641:
2632:
2620:. Retrieved
2616:
2607:
2588:
2582:
2563:
2536:. Retrieved
2532:the original
2507:. Retrieved
2497:
2485:. Retrieved
2480:
2456:. Retrieved
2452:the original
2442:
2430:. Retrieved
2423:the original
2418:
2406:
2382:
2359:
2347:. Retrieved
2343:
2333:
2318:Philadelphia
2297:
2285:
2273:. Retrieved
2264:
2245:
2234:, retrieved
2228:
2221:
2209:. Retrieved
2205:the original
2200:
2191:
2182:
2143:
2137:
2123:
2109:
2095:
2081:
2071:November 16,
2069:. Retrieved
2062:the original
2049:
2039:November 16,
2037:. Retrieved
2033:the original
2017:
2011:
1992:
1988:Baird Manual
1987:
1983:
1956:
1948:The Atlantic
1946:
1870:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1812:
1804:
1799:Chapter room
1798:
1790:
1782:
1776:
1766:
1758:
1726:
1716:
1710:
1699:Oxford, Ohio
1671:antisemitism
1660:
1645:
1626:
1617:
1602:
1601:
1593:
1589:
1581:
1569:
1552:
1546:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:spoiled food
1479:
1472:
1417:
1401:
1365:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1330:
1321:
1301:
1289:
1273:
1253:Bill Clinton
1241:World War II
1218:
1205:
1198:
1156:Demographics
1117:
1100:
1091:
1081:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1021:
1017:
998:
994:
986:
982:
978:
975:
971:
967:
961:
958:
902:
885:
873:
865:Phi Gamma Nu
842:
822:
810:
785:
774:
763:
732:
721:
678:
675:in June 2020
621:
578:
555:
532:
520:
516:
507:
490:in 1867 and
481:
415:
395:dining clubs
392:
377:
367:(1841), and
330:
314:
228:
221:
214:
191:
185:
156:
153:universities
118:
115:fraternities
114:
108:
93:
84:
65:
48:
6818:Odd Fellows
6813:Freemasonry
5987:-affiliated
5579:Puerto Rico
5574:Philippines
5546:High school
5508:U.S. deaths
5498:U.S. racism
5350:October 20,
4695:. Gradehub.
4535:(1): 3–13.
4344:Adolescence
3726:earlham.edu
3533:October 12,
3503:October 20,
3497:go.gale.com
3446:December 9,
3418:October 21,
3357:Pi Gamma Mu
3323:nicindy.org
2817:January 28,
2652:October 12,
2622:October 12,
2432:October 12,
1792:Blackballed
1689:Members of
1667:transphobia
1559:Wall Street
1433:Amphetamine
1398:Alcohol use
1360:Frank Bruni
1280:U.S. Senate
1261:Gerald Ford
1229:Fortune 500
1133:Psi Upsilon
1094:rodomontade
1057:Kappa Sigma
1035:Members of
825:Alpha Theta
738:(1985) and
717:Catholicism
713:Lutheranism
707:(1925) and
695:(1895) and
624:Philippines
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420:chapter at
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6843:Categories
6612:ΚΑ Society
5760:sororities
5154:January 4,
4983:Teen Vogue
4660:The Review
4457:August 13,
4408:August 13,
3969:October 4,
3939:October 4,
3559:August 21,
3523:Gallup.com
3185:August 17,
3159:August 17,
3150:'s Memoirs
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2487:August 19,
2458:January 1,
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2003:References
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1675:xenophobia
1663:homophobia
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2843:August 2,
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2782:March 22,
2707:Bloomberg
2613:"History"
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5264:2018
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