1157:"limited standard" or "substitute standard" long after the standardization of the M3/M3A1. Many Thompsons were distributed to the US-backed Nationalist Chinese armed forces as military aid before the fall of Chiang Kai-shek's government to Mao Zedong's communist forces at the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949. (Thompsons had already been widely used throughout China since the 1920s, at a time when several Chinese warlords and their military factions running various parts of the fragmented country made purchases of the weapon and then subsequently produced many local copies.) US troops were surprised to encounter communist Chinese troops armed with Thompsons (among other captured US-made Nationalist Chinese and American firearms), especially during unexpected night assaults, which became a prominent Chinese combat tactic in the conflict. The gun's ability to deliver large quantities of short-range automatic assault fire proved very useful in both defense and assault during the early part of the war when it was constantly mobile and shifting back and forth. Many Chinese Thompsons were captured and placed into service with American soldiers and marines for the remaining period of the war.
852:
808:
1084:
31:
996:
393:
1111:. This 9mm Parabellum submachine gun was a complete break with previous Beretta designs. It is a small, compact, very well made SMG and among the first to use a telescoping bolt design. The M12 was designed for mass production and was made largely of stamped steel and welded together. It is identified by its tubular shape receiver, double pistol grips, a side folding stock and the magazine housed in front of the trigger guard. The M12 uses the same magazines as the Model 38 series.
919:
366:
500:
1166:
1207:. This 9mm Parabellum open-bolt, blowback-operated SMG has a telescoping bolt and is similar in appearance to the Uzi SMG. It has a vertical pistol-grip into which the magazine is inserted, a longer horizontal front grip area and a telescoping wire buttstock. The receiver is a squared stamped steel tube that partly nestles inside a large plastic molding (resembling a lower receiver) which contains the forward hand-grip, vertical pistol-grip and the
774:
1340:
594:. In the 1920s a new, more reliable box magazine was developed for the MP 18 to replace the older snail-drum magazines. In 1928 a new version of the MP 18, the MP 28, saw the light of day, it featured the new box magazine as standard, a bayonet lug and a single shot mode. The MP 28 was manufactured in Belgium and Spain and was widely exported from there, including to China and South America. Another variant based on the MP 18 was the
492:
729:. The MP40 was lighter than the MP38. It also used more stamped parts, making it faster and cheaper to produce. The MP38 and MP40 were the first SMGs to use plastic furniture and a practical folding stock, which became standard for all future SMG designs. The Germans used a large number of captured Soviet PPSh-41 submachine guns, some were converted to fire 9mm Parabellum while others were used unmodified (the German
1063:
698:
1481:
640:
1131:(PVA) fighting in Korea received massive numbers of the PPSh-41, in addition to the North Korean Type 49 and the Chinese Type 50, which were both licensed copies of the PPSh-41 with small mechanical revisions. Though relatively inaccurate, the Chinese PPSh has a high rate of fire and was well-suited to the close-range firefights that typically occurred in that conflict, especially at night.
1307:
303:
880:
1220:
1148:
stated: "on full automatic it sprayed a lot of bullets and most of the killing in Korea was done at very close ranges and it was done quickly—a matter of who responded faster. In situations like that it outclassed and outgunned what we had. A close-in patrol fight was over very quickly and usually we
991:
After World War II, "new submachine gun designs appeared almost every week to replace the admittedly rough and ready designs which had appeared during the war. Some (the better ones) survived, most rarely got past the glossy brochure stage." Most of these survivors were cheaper, easier, and faster to
942:
cartridge, which was about half as powerful as a standard
Western 9mm Parabellum round. Production of the gun was even more inadequate: by the war's end, Japan had only manufactured about 7,500 of the Type 100, whereas Germany, America, and other countries in the war had produced well over a million
839:
submachine gun was developed for general use by the
British armed forces, it was much cheaper and faster to make. Over 4 million Sten guns were made during World War II. The Sten was so cheap and easy to produce that towards the end of the war as their economic base approached crisis, Germany started
577:
the
Soviets supplied four Thompsons to Estonian Communist militants; those were used against Estonian soldiers in a failed attempt to storm the Tallinn barracks. Some of the defenders were armed with the MP18s; and this was possibly the first engagement where submachine guns were used on both sides.
530:
The
Thompson entered production as the M1921. It was available to civilians, but, because of the weapon's high price, initially saw poor sales. The Thompson (with one Type XX 20 round "stick" magazine) had been priced at $ 200 in 1921 (roughly equivalent to $ 3,416 in 2023). The Thompson was used
1074:
to replace the hodgepodge of French, American, British, German, and
Italian SMGs in French service after World War II. The 9 mm Parabellum MAT-49 is an inexpensive stamped-steel SMG with a telescoping wire stock, a pronounced folding magazine housing, and a grip safety. This "wildebeast-like design"
910:
in 1939. The Owen is a simple, highly reliable, open bolt, blowback SMG. It was designed to be fired either from the shoulder or the hip. It is easily recognisable, owing to its unconventional appearance, including a quick-release barrel and butt-stock, double pistol grips, top-mounted magazine, and
521:
had been in development at approximately the same time as the
Bergmann and the Beretta. However, the war ended before prototypes could be shipped to Europe. Although it had missed its chance to be the first purpose-designed submachine gun to enter service, it became the basis for later weapons, and
867:
or "Grease Gun" in 1942, followed by the improved M3A1 in 1944. While the M3 was no more effective than the Tommy Gun, it was made primarily of stamped parts and welded together and could be produced much faster and at a fraction of the cost of a
Thompson; its much lower rate of fire made it a lot
1156:
Other older designs also saw use in the Korean War. The
Thompson had seen much use by the U.S. and South Korean militaries, even though the Thompson had been replaced as standard-issue by the M3/M3A1. With huge numbers of guns available in army ordnance arsenals, the Thompson remained classed as
1007:
with a design borrowing from and improving on many design elements of earlier submachine-gun designs. It has a tubular stamped steel receiver with a side folding stock. The m/45 was widely exported and especially popular with CIA operatives and U.S. special forces during the
Vietnam War. In U.S.
1054:
that extends forward wrapping around the barrel, and a vertical handgrip housing the magazine and trigger mechanism. The vz. 23 series was widely exported and especially popular in Africa and the Middle East with variants made by several countries. The vz. 23 inspired the development of the
602:
Solothurn. The MP 34 was manufactured from the very best materials available and finished to the highest possible standard. Consequently, its production costs were extremely high. It was adopted by the
Austrian police and army in the 1930s, and they were taken over by the Germans after
557:
and other U.S. police forces themselves showed no reluctance to use and prominently display these weapons. Eventually, the submachine gun was gradually accepted by many military organizations, especially as World War II loomed, with many countries developing their own designs. The
1135:
forces in defensive outposts or on patrol often had trouble returning a sufficient volume of fire when attacked by companies of infantry armed with the PPSh. Some U.S. infantry officers ranked the PPSh as the best combat weapon of the war: While lacking the accuracy of the U.S.
753:
often equipped every soldier with KP/-31s. The Suomi fired 9mm Parabellum ammunition from a 71-round drum magazine (although often loaded with 74 rounds). "This SMG showed the world the importance of the submachine gun in modern warfare", prompting the development, adoption and
1326:
construction and was designed to be a more cost effective, lighter weight, and less complex design alternative to the MP5. The UMP has a side-folding stock and is available with four different trigger group configurations. It was also designed to use a wide range of
1249:. While these SMGs received enormous publicity, and were prominently displayed in films and television, they were not widely adopted by military or law enforcement agencies. These smaller weapons led other manufacturers to develop their own compact SMGs, such as the
670:(MAB 38) was not available in large numbers until 1943. The MAB 38 was made in a series of improved and simplified models all sharing the same basic layout. The MAB 38 has two triggers, the front for semi-auto and rear for full-auto. Most models use standard wooden
418:
In 1916, Heinrich Senn of Bern designed a modification of the Swiss Luger pistol to fire in single shots or in full-automatic. Around the same time Georg Luger demonstrated a similar Luger machine pistol which inspired the German Army to develop submachine guns.
1035:. These 9 mm Parabellum stamped steel SMGs featured a unique clamshell type design, a side-folding stock, and a grip safety on the magazine housing. The Madsen was widely exported and especially popular in Latin America, with variants made by several countries.
217:
There are some inconsistencies in the classification of submachine guns. British Commonwealth sources often refer to SMGs as "machine carbines". Other sources refer to SMGs as "machine pistols" because they fire pistol-caliber ammunition, for example, the
1211:, making the MPi 69 one of the first firearms to use a plastic construction in this way. It has a progressive trigger and is also unusual among modern SMGs, as the MPi 69 is cocked by a dual-purpose lever also used as the front sling attachment point.
744:
in large numbers against the Russians with devastating effect. Finnish ski troops became known for appearing out of the woods on one side of a road, raking Soviet columns with SMG fire and disappearing back into the woods on the other side. During the
796:- all firing the same small-caliber but high-powered Tokarev cartridges. The USSR went on to make over 6 million PPSh-41s and 2 million PPS-43s by the end of World War II. Thus, the Soviet Union could field huge numbers of submachine guns against the
330:
in a pistol caliber, lighter than a machine gun and shorter than a rifle. A common myth is that this weapon was originally designed as an aircraft gun. In reality ground use was taken into consideration from the very beginning, particularly for the
946:
The German military concluded that most firefights took place at ranges of no more than ~300 yd (270 m). They therefore sought to develop a new class of weapon that would combine the high volume of fire of the submachine gun with an
911:
unusual offset right-side-mounted sights. The Owen was the only entirely Australian-designed and constructed service submachine gun of World War II and was used by the Australian Army from 1943 until the mid-1960s, when it was replaced by the
1265:
By the 1980s, the demand for new submachine guns was very low and could be easily met by existing makers with existing designs. However, following H&K's lead, other manufacturers began designing submachine guns based on their existing
1543:
cartridge which can penetrate soft body armor. The FN P90 was designed to have a length no greater than an average-sized man's shoulder width, to allow it to be easily carried and maneuvered in tight spaces, such as the inside of an
1654:
1289:
operated SMG and the overall aesthetics are identical to most M16 type rifles. The magazine well is modified using a special adapter to allow the use of the smaller 9mm magazines. The magazines themselves are a copy of the Israeli
713:
of September that year. The MP38 production was still just starting and only a few thousand were in service at the time. It proved to be far more practical and effective in close-quarters combat than the standard-issue German
318:
produced the 'miniature Maxim' which was a pistol-calibre Maxim machinegun weighing 27 lb (12.2 kg) that was sold in small quantities to various countries and tested by the US military but not adopted. In 1896, a
1103:
design with the magazine housed in the pistol grip for a shorter weapon. The Uzi has become the most popular submachine gun in the world, with over 10 million units sold, more than any other submachine gun.
1196:
SMGs, such as the Uzi. The MP5 is also one of the most widely used submachine guns in the world, having been adopted by 40 nations and numerous military, law enforcement, and security organizations.
792:
in response to their experience during the Winter War against Finland. The PPSh's 71-round drum magazine is a copy of the Suomi's. Later in the war they developed the even more readily mass-produced
1028:
during the early 1960s. Battlefield reports of the lack of penetrative power of the 9mm Parabellum during this operation led to Sweden developing a more powerful 9 mm round designated "9mm m/39B".
422:
Colonel Bethel-Abiel Revelli had already conceived the principles of the submachine gun in September 1915, when he wrote that his gun could be converted to a single-barreled version that
951:
that enabled the shooter to place accurate shots at medium ranges (beyond that of the 100–200 yd (91–183 m) range of the typical submachine gun). After a false start with the
674:, although some models were fitted with an MP40-style under-folding stock and are commonly mistaken for it. The MAB 38 series was extremely robust and proved very popular with both
1655:"Submachine Guns (SMG's): Outpaced by Today's Modern Short-Barreled Rifles (SBR's)/Sub-Carbines, or Still a Viable Tool for Close Quarters Battle/Close Quarters Combat (CQB/CQC)?"
975:). In the years following the war, this new format began to replace the submachine gun in military use to a large extent. Based on the StG44, the Soviet Union created the
627:, about 10,000 were manufactured. It was exported to Spain, Mexico, China and Yugoslavia, but also used domestically by the SS, as well as being produced under license in
815:
Britain entered the war with no domestic submachine gun design but instead imported the expensive US M1928 Thompson. After evaluating their battlefield experience in the
1075:
proved to be an extremely reliable and effective SMG and was used by the French well into the 1980s. It was also widely exported to Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
456:, the first practical submachine gun. This weapon used the same 32-round snail-drum magazine as the Luger P-08. The MP 18 was used in significant numbers by German
895:) before the Fall of France in June 1940. Production was taken over by the occupying Germans, who used them for themselves and also put them into the hands of the
682:
troops (who used captured MAB 38s). It is considered the most successful and effective Italian small arm of World War II. During the later years of the war, the
1373:
family of submachine guns. Futuristic in appearance, the KRISS uses an unconventional delayed blowback system combined with in-line design to reduce perceived
1366:
rifle and offers a high degree of parts commonality with the AK-74. It is the standard submachine gun for all branches of Russian military and police forces.
154:. Submachine gun usage for frontline combat decreased in the 1980s and 1990s, and by the early 21st century, submachine guns have largely been replaced by
2773:
Tirans, Ivars (2009). "Baltic Defence Research and Technology 2009 Conference Proceedings". Military Review: Scientific Journal for Security and Defence (
611:
was another interwar German submachine gun, designed by the Bergmann brothers. It was exported to Sweden and Ethiopia and also saw extensive use in the
476:, and other minor improvements. Though the MP18 had a rather short service life, it was influential in the design of later submachine guns, such as the
1619:
1432:
have been manufactured with integral suppressors. Only a limited number of new submachine gun designs had been adopted during this period, such as the
2623:
Soldier of Fortune. SOF Weapons, Bell & White 84, South Africa's New Machine Pistol. Text & Photos by Brady Ridgeway. February 86, Page 30.
1008:
service it was known as the "Swedish-K". In 1966, the Swedish government blocked the sale of firearms to the United States because it opposed the
876:
ammunition. The M3A1 was among the longest-serving submachine gun designs, being produced into the 1960s and serving in US forces into the 1990s.
1700:
Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 93–94 & 116–125.
1746:
1722:
Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 125 & 166–167.
647:
Changes in design accelerated during the war, with one major trend being the abandonment of complex and finely made pre-war designs like the
2728:
1294:
SMG magazine, modified to fit the Colt and lock the bolt back after the last shot. The Colt is widely used by US law enforcement and the
2301:
2661:
1413:
units for close-quarters combat, due to their reduced size, recoil and muzzle blast. Submachine guns also lend themselves to the use of
725:(commonly and erroneously referred to as the Schmeisser) was developed and made in large numbers; about a million were made during
2185:
Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 138–139
1980:
Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 118–120
1944:
1682:
Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 93–94.
1405:
and logistical concerns have combined to limit the appeal of submachine guns. However, SMGs are still used by police (especially
2333:
Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 97–98
2073:
Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 93–94
934:, based heavily on the German MP28. Like most other small arms created in Imperial Japan, the Type 100 could be fitted with the
574:
1691:
Sten Machine Carbine, by Peter Laidler & R Blake Stevens, Collector Grade Publications, Canada; 1ST edition (December 2000)
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Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. pages 116
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Military Small Arms of the 20th Century. 7th Edition. by Ian V. Hogg & John S. Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. page 166
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patterns. These new SMGs offered a high degree of parts commonality with parent weapons, thereby easing logistical concerns.
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While the Italians were among the first to develop submachine guns during World War I, they were slow to produce them under
831:. With no time for the usual research and development for a new weapon, it was decided to make a direct copy of the German
2559:
581:
Germany transferred its MP 18s to the German police forces after World War I. They also saw use in the hands of various
2820:
591:
542:. They purchased a total of 653 units, though US customs authorities in New York seized 495 of the units in June 1921.
465:
382:
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The Thompson, nicknamed "Tommy Gun" or "Chicago Typewriter" became notorious in the U.S. due to its employment by the
2761:
2708:
2287:
2138:
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design with a futuristic appearance. It has a 50-round magazine housed horizontally above the barrel, an integrated
347:
Stocked pistols were common at the beginning of the 20th century, the Germans initially used heavier versions of the
1460:, a semi-automatic only pistol calibre carbine based on submachine guns existed for civilian personal protection as
883:
The MAS-38 was France's only WWII submachine gun design, but France was defeated before very many were manufactured.
457:
1500:
submachine guns. The PDW is a compact automatic weapon that uses specially designed rifle-like cartridges to fire
1381:. The KRISS comes in 9mm Parabellum, .40 S&W, .45 ACP, 9×21mm, 10mm Auto, and .357 SIG. It also uses standard
835:. Like other early submachine guns it was difficult and expensive to manufacture. Shortly thereafter, the simpler
468:
in November 1918. After World War I, the MP 18 evolved into the MP28/II SMG, which incorporated a simple 32-round
405:
397:
1870:
1274:
554:
2051:"StG 44 - Approved by Hitler, The Gun that Revolutionized Modern Rifles (includes footage) | War History Online"
166:, and can better penetrate the helmets and body armor used by modern soldiers. However, they are still used by
2091:
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291:
17:
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762:, was widely exported and remained in service to the late 1970s. Inspired by captured examples of the Soviet
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and are sufficiently light to be used conveniently by non-combatant and support troops, and as an effective
2830:
2584:
464:, achieving some notable successes in the final year of the war. However, these were not enough to prevent
2825:
2675:
1318:. The UMP is a 9mm Parabellum, .40 S&W, or .45 ACP, closed-bolt blowback-operated SMG, based on the
2444:
Jane's Guns Recognition Guide. by Ian Hogg & Terry Gander. HarperCollins Publishers. 2005. page 192
2082:
Fredrik Logevall, "The Swedish-American conflict over Vietnam", pp. 199–223 in, Walter L. Hixson (ed),
1295:
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types wielding drum-magazine Thompsons caused some military planners to shun the weapon. However, the
2647:
1545:
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477:
411:
In February 1916, the Austro-Hungarian first fielded the M.12/P16 machine pistol. This was the first
251:
230:("Submachine gun" in German, but cognate with the English term "Machine pistol"). However, the term "
2507:
1492:(PDW) is touted as a further evolution of the submachine gun. The PDW was created in response to a
1394:
804:
with minimal training, the volume of fire produced by massed submachine guns could be overwhelming.
758:
of submachine guns by most of the world's armies. The Suomi was used in combat until the end of the
279:
2815:
2379:
Military Small Arms Of The 20th Century. Ian Hogg & John Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. p167
1457:
1091:
In 1954, Israel introduced a 9mm Parabellum open-bolt, blowback-operated submachine gun called the
535:
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Military Small Arms Of The 20th Century. Ian Hogg & John Weeks. Krause Publications. 2000. p93
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ammunition, but was not a true submachine gun, as it was originally designed as a mounted weapon.
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495:
A Bergmann MP 18, the first mass-produced submachine gun to see extensive use in an assault role
2454:
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615:. About 40,000 of the type were manufactured until 1944, with many going into the hands of the
39:
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Tactical Small Arms of the 21st Century: A Complete Guide to Small Arms From Around the World
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The United States and its allies used the Thompson submachine gun, especially the simplified
766:, a gun that was cheaper and quicker to manufacture than the Suomi, the Finns introduced the
733:
cartridge had identical dimensions to the 7.62×25mm Tokarev, albeit slightly less powerful).
294:, have been historically referred to as submachine guns as they served in the latter's role.
223:
183:
129:
105:
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851:
461:
171:
2633:
1548:. The FN P90 is currently in service with military and police forces in over 40 nations.
1497:
863:. The Thompson was still expensive and slow to produce. Therefore, the U.S. developed the
782:
777:
A PPSh-41, the most produced submachine gun of World War II, with a 71-round drum magazine
8:
2521:
https://web.archive.org/web/20111109005400/http://www.izhmash.ru/eng/product/vityaz.shtml
1989:
Bishop, Chris (2002). The encyclopedia of weapons of World War II. New York: MetroBooks.
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404:
In late 1915, the first submachine gun with a buttstock was built: the Austro-Hungarian
2495:
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1208:
1056:
915:. Only about 45,000 Owens were produced during the war for a unit cost of about A$ 30.
820:
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1144:, it provided more firepower at short distances. As infantry Captain (later General)
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because they are "a pistol-caliber weapon that's easy to control, and less likely to
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The Heckler & Koch MP5, one of the most widely used submachine guns in the world
800:, with whole infantry battalions being armed with little else. Even in the hands of
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to be adopted by any military, being issued to Tyrolean units fighting in the alps
400:, the first submachine gun with a buttstock, seen here with stick and drum magazines
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had replaced submachine guns in most roles. Factors such as the increasing use of
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424:"may be mounted in the manner of a rifle so that it may be fired from the shoulder"
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1620:"The Thompson submachine gun: shooting a 20th century icon. - Free Online Library"
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In 1946, Denmark introduced the Madsen M-46 and, in 1950, an improved model, the
935:
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were superior to the PPSh-41 at the typical engagement range of 100–150 meters.
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was much more successful than the submachine guns produced during World War I.
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In the United States, submachine guns have long stereotypical association with
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109:
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2103:
Hogg, Ian V. (1979). Guns and How They Work. New York: Everest House. p. 157.
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While most other countries during World War II developed submachine guns, the
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A Beretta Model 38, one of the most successful Italian weapons of World War II
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American Thunder: The Military Thompson Submachine Gun 1928, 1928A1, M1, M1A1
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In April 1914, Abiel Bethel Revelli, an Italian military officer patented a
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to be classified as such, submachine guns are not considered machine guns.
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2560:"Исторические сведения ПП-19-01 "Витязь"/"Витязь-СН" - пистолет-пулемёт"
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1871:"An Official Journal Of The NRA | Guns of the Battle of Blair Mountain"
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was yet another submachine gun from this period, based on a design by
538:. Some of the first batches of Thompsons were bought by agents of the
1968:
Dunlap, Roy F., Ordnance Went Up Front, Samworth Press, (1948), p. 58
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Submachine guns again proved to be an important weapon system in the
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make than their predecessors. As such, they were widely distributed.
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A Sten Mk II, the second most produced submachine gun of World War II
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616:
604:
586:
179:
82:
1339:
90:
1469:
1239:
1182:
1046:
series. This 9 mm Parabellum SMG introduced several innovations: a
903:
620:
562:
adopted the Thompson during this period, they used them during the
534:
West Virginia state police bought 37 guns and used them during the
431:
259:
147:
136:
2359:
1464:
s (LDP). Known examples were the Bell & White 84, BHS Rhogun,
690:. A cheaper alternative to the MAB 38, it also sported an unusual
491:
323:
pistol was patented by the British inventor Hugh Gabbett-Fairfax.
1524:
1437:
1348:
1323:
1314:
In 1999, H&K introduced the last widely distributed SMG, the
869:
841:
789:
515:
239:
62:
2756:
Kevin, Dockery (2007). Future Weapons. New York: Berkley Trade.
2588:
1520:
1409:
teams) for dealing with heavily armed suspects and by military
1374:
1242:
1235:
1232:
1204:
1149:
lost because of it." U.S. servicemen, however, felt that their
1071:
1020:. The m/45 was used in combat by Swedish troops as part of the
958:
888:
785:
485:
351:
283:
271:
235:
2676:"Evolution of the Personal Defense Weapon - Small Arms Review"
2181:
2179:
2177:
1976:
1974:
1711:
Chemical Analysis of Firearms, Ammunition, and Gunshot Residue
1062:
697:
2534:"New guns for Russia's cops – so what? - In Moscow's Shadows"
2025:
Fighting Men of World War II: Uniforms, Equipment and Weapons
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1480:
1382:
1363:
1231:
In the 1970s, extremely compact submachine guns, such as the
976:
969:(assault rifle or storm rifle is a translation of the German
952:
683:
639:
595:
546:
453:
219:
2329:
2327:
135:. New submachine gun designs appeared frequently during the
2174:
1971:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1493:
1406:
1254:
1050:
for selecting between semi-automatic and full auto fire, a
836:
722:
706:
608:
481:
287:
198:
1626:
1539:
automatic weapon, it was designed to fire the proprietary
1306:
906:
is a 9mm Parabellum Australian submachine gun designed by
2341:
2339:
2324:
1429:
1291:
1178:
1092:
879:
868:
more controllable. It could be configured to fire either
434:
automatic carbine. The OVP 1918 had a traditional wooden
302:
35:
1671:
1219:
1192:
operation system. This makes the MP5 more accurate than
844:. After the war, the British replaced the Sten with the
686:
submachine gun was manufactured in small numbers in the
354:
equipped with a detachable stock, larger-capacity snail-
1945:"Отчет стрелкового полигона: пистолет-пулемет Томпсона"
1843:
The World's Greatest Small Arms: An Illustrated History
598:
that was manufactured by the Germans through the Swiss
116:(1939–1945), millions of submachine guns were made for
2752:
2750:
2336:
2188:
721:. From this experience, the simplified and modernized
1898:(1. pbk. ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
373:
is considered by some to be the first submachine gun.
1849:
1114:
278:
are often called submachine guns. In addition, some
2747:
1649:
1647:
1310:
A Heckler & Koch UMP45 with a vertical foregrip
855:
M3 "Grease Gun" (top) and M1A1 "Tommy Gun" (bottom)
705:In 1939, the Germans introduced the 9mm Parabellum
2421:. Iola, Wisconsin: Gun Digest Books. p. 156.
2220:
2122:
201:, and violence. The use of submachine guns by the
1099:). The Uzi was one of the first weapons to use a
1087:An Uzi, the most sold submachine gun in the world
449:By 1918, Bergmann Waffenfabrik had developed the
2807:
2463:. New York: Penguin Group US. pp. 383–385.
2214:
2212:
2210:
1644:
1468:, GM-16, Kommando LDP, Northwood R-76, Paramax,
2293:
1003:In 1945, Sweden introduced the 9 mm Parabellum
701:An MP 40 submachine gun with its stock extended
566:in Central America and it was also used by the
2701:The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns
2577:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2251:
1016:began to manufacture an m/45 clone called the
408:although the weapon was never used in combat.
209:, has contributed the rise of the stereotype.
2726:
2722:
2720:
2694:
2692:
2483:
2207:
2114:
2028:. Vol. 1. Stackpole Books. p. 279.
310:with snail-drum magazine and removable stock.
2245:
1362:operated submachine gun. It is based on the
970:
956:
2447:
2403:
2084:Leadership and diplomacy in the Vietnam War
1475:
1343:A KRISS Vector, seen here with a suppressor
1322:assault rifle. It features a predominantly
2717:
2689:
2218:
2161:
2015:
1809:"Maschinenpistole Senn (Luger conversion)"
69:. The term "submachine gun" was coined by
2648:"THE KOMMANDO L.D.P. - Small Arms Review"
2162:Hackathorn, Ken (1995). "Using the Uzi".
2120:
740:, the badly outnumbered Finnish used the
328:twin-barreled, magazine-fed automatic gun
2348:
2272:
2199:sfn error: no target: CITEREFMcNab2012 (
2006:
1479:
1338:
1305:
1218:
1181:submachine gun. The MP5 is based on the
1164:
1082:
1061:
994:
917:
887:France produced only about 2,000 of the
878:
850:
806:
772:
696:
638:
498:
490:
391:
364:
301:
100:The submachine gun was developed during
29:
2731:. Global Defence Review. Archived from
2453:
2414:
2299:
2048:
1868:
788:and later the more easily manufactured
77:, to describe its design concept as an
14:
2808:
2767:
2698:
2021:
1488:First developed during the 1980s, the
1443:
922:A Type 100 submachine gun with bayonet
2194:
1840:
1022:United Nations Operation in the Congo
1012:. As a result, in the following year
955:, this led to the development of the
2390:"Heckler & Koch – Group Website"
1918:
1893:
986:
781:In 1940, the Soviets introduced the
2129:. New York: DK Publishing. p.
1123:(25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953). The
24:
2487:Submachine Guns and Assault Rifles
2155:
2009:The Nambu Type 14 pistol explained
2000:
1369:In 2009, KRISS USA introduced the
840:manufacturing their own copy, the
525:
25:
2842:
2788:
2258:. Osprey Publishing. p. 56.
1785:"Steyr M.1912/P16 machine-pistol"
1484:An FN P90 personal defense weapon
1285:. The Colt SMG is a closed bolt,
1245:, were developed to be used with
1115:Submachine guns in the Korean War
430:would be later modified into the
2703:. London: Salamander Books Ltd.
1417:, particularly when loaded with
1107:In 1959, Beretta introduced the
709:which was first used during the
549:: the image of pinstripe-suited
381:adopted Revelli's design as the
2668:
2654:
2640:
2626:
2617:
2603:
2552:
2526:
2523:Izhmash product page Vityaz SMG
2514:
2477:
2382:
2373:
2170:(1). Soldier of Fortune: 18–23.
2097:
2076:
2067:
2042:
1983:
1962:
1937:
1912:
1887:
1862:
1834:
1825:
1801:
1777:
1753:
1739:
1733:"Hiram's Extra Light Maxim Gun"
1070:In 1949, France introduced the
819:and losing many weapons in the
634:
205:, as well as numerous cases of
93:"). As a machine gun must fire
1923:. Mercier Press. p. 125.
1921:Tom Barry: IRA Freedom Fighter
1875:An Official Journal Of The NRA
1859:, Moose Lake Publishing, 2000.
1725:
1716:
1703:
1694:
1685:
1612:
1584:Overview of gun laws by nation
1496:request for a replacement for
1316:UMP "Universal Machine Pistol"
983:, with over 100 million made.
655:and easy replacement like the
651:to weapons designed for cheap
342:
13:
1:
2611:"LDP / Kommando: The "Rhuzi""
2306:. US: McFarland. p. 42.
2280:Jane's Guns Recognition Guide
2086:, Taylor & Francis, 2000
2049:Moncure, Billy (2019-02-10).
1896:The I.R.A. at war 1916 - 1923
1869:Association, National Rifle.
1605:
1177:developed the 9mm Parabellum
981:world's most produced firearm
891:submachine gun (chambered in
406:Standschütze Hellriegel M1915
398:Standschütze Hellriegel M1915
234:" is also used to describe a
108:offensive weapon, mainly for
2781:), Nr. 3/4 (132/133), p 103.
2587:. KRISS Arms. Archived from
2300:Tilstra, Russell C. (2012).
2282:. Jane's Information Group.
1997:. Retrieved 19 October 2014.
1747:"Espacenet – search results"
1452:era of South Africa and the
605:German annexation of Austria
590:during the aftermath of the
42:, two common submachine guns
7:
2490:. Andrius Genys. p. 2.
2415:Cutshaw, Charles Q (2011).
2303:Small Arms for Urban Combat
2011:. HL Publishing. p. 5.
1761:"Villar Perosa machine gun"
1713:. CRC Press. 2008. p. xxiii
1551:
930:had only produced one, the
827:adopted the 9mm Parabellum
10:
2847:
2634:"Cobra Mk1 pistol-carbine"
2227:. Hyperion Press. p.
2219:Halberstam, David (2007).
943:of their own SMG designs.
560:United States Marine Corps
531:in combat that same year:
446:of 900 rounds per minute.
385:. It fired pistol-caliber
297:
2821:Law enforcement equipment
2007:Henrotin, Gerard (2010).
1546:infantry fighting vehicle
829:Lanchester submachine gun
27:Type of automatic firearm
2121:McManners, Hugh (2003).
1519:Introduced in 1991, the
1476:Personal defense weapons
1458:South African Border War
1434:Brügger & Thomet APC
1399:personal defense weapons
1388:
1334:
1301:
1260:
1247:silencers or suppressors
1223:An Ingram MAC-10 with a
1214:
1160:
1078:
536:Battle of Blair Mountain
268:personal defense weapons
226:, where "MP" stands for
2800:Encyclopædia Britannica
2252:Leroy Thompson (2011).
2125:Ultimate Special Forces
1589:Personal defense weapon
1569:List of submachine guns
1490:personal defense weapon
1190:roller-delayed blowback
1129:People's Volunteer Army
979:, which is to date the
932:Type 100 submachine gun
846:Sterling submachine gun
688:Italian Social Republic
649:Thompson submachine gun
519:Thompson submachine gun
212:
75:Thompson submachine gun
40:Heckler & Koch MP5K
2727:Oliver, David (2007).
2699:Miller, David (2001).
2484:Andrius Genys (2010).
2022:Miller, David (2007).
1502:armor-piercing bullets
1485:
1395:compact assault rifles
1344:
1311:
1228:
1170:
1133:United Nations Command
1127:(KPA) and the Chinese
1088:
1067:
1000:
971:
957:
949:intermediate cartridge
923:
884:
856:
812:
778:
768:KP m/44 submachine gun
702:
644:
511:
496:
401:
374:
311:
280:compact assault rifles
158:, which have a longer
152:mechanized infantrymen
73:, the inventor of the
43:
2729:"In the Line of Fire"
2356:"Colt Weapon Systems"
1841:McNab, Chris (2015).
1709:James Smyth Wallace.
1594:Semi-automatic pistol
1506:close quarters battle
1483:
1342:
1331:mounted accessories
1309:
1222:
1168:
1086:
1065:
998:
921:
882:
854:
810:
776:
700:
666:; the 9mm Parabellum
642:
540:Irish Republican Army
502:
494:
438:, a 25-round top-fed
395:
368:
305:
184:close-quarters combat
172:police tactical units
112:. At its peak during
33:
1894:Hart, Peter (2005).
1535:controls. A simple
1393:By the early 2010s,
1125:Korean People's Army
1095:(after its designer
462:infiltration tactics
2831:World War I weapons
2735:on October 16, 2006
2538:In Moscow's Shadows
1919:Ryan, Meda (2003).
1462:Land Defence Pistol
1444:Land defence pistol
1419:subsonic ammunition
1227:, magazine detached
1048:progressive trigger
509:Thompson Model 1921
442:, and had a cyclic
139:, especially among
89:(hence the prefix "
2826:Military equipment
2613:. 5 December 2018.
2591:on 20 January 2013
2392:. Heckler-koch.com
2278:Hogg, Ian (2002).
2223:The Coldest Winter
1486:
1454:Rhodesian Bush War
1427:Heckler & Koch
1421:. Variants of the
1385:pistol magazines.
1355:a 9mm Parabellum,
1345:
1312:
1229:
1209:fire control group
1185:and uses the same
1175:Heckler & Koch
1171:
1089:
1068:
1057:Uzi submachine gun
1014:Smith & Wesson
1001:
999:A Carl Gustaf m/45
924:
885:
857:
821:Dunkirk evacuation
813:
794:PPS submachine gun
779:
764:PPS submachine gun
711:invasion of Poland
703:
645:
512:
497:
466:Germany's collapse
402:
375:
337:cyclist battalions
312:
81:with notably less
67:handgun cartridges
44:
2540:. 23 October 2008
2470:978-1-101-20618-8
2428:978-1-4402-2709-7
2313:978-0-7864-6523-1
2265:978-1-84908-619-6
2238:978-1-4013-0052-4
2197:, pp. 22–23.
2164:Fighting Firearms
2035:978-0-8117-0277-5
1995:978-1-58663-762-0
1949:kalashnikov.media
1905:978-0-19-927786-5
1855:Frank Iannamico,
1659:DefenseReview.com
1514:counter-terrorist
1498:9×19mm Parabellum
1360:straight blowback
1066:MAT-49 on display
987:Post–World War II
913:F1 submachine gun
865:M3 submachine gun
719:bolt-action rifle
613:Spanish Civil War
592:German Revolution
451:9x19mm Parabellum
162:, have increased
104:(1914–1918) as a
79:automatic firearm
65:designed to fire
16:(Redirected from
2838:
2782:
2771:
2765:
2754:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2724:
2715:
2714:
2696:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2650:. February 2004.
2644:
2638:
2637:
2630:
2624:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2562:. Archived from
2556:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2530:
2524:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2505:
2501:
2499:
2491:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2451:
2445:
2442:
2433:
2432:
2412:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2386:
2380:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2358:. Archived from
2352:
2346:
2343:
2334:
2331:
2322:
2321:
2316:. Archived from
2297:
2291:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2226:
2216:
2205:
2204:
2192:
2186:
2183:
2172:
2171:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2128:
2118:
2112:
2101:
2095:
2080:
2074:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2055:warhistoryonline
2046:
2040:
2039:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2004:
1998:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1969:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1866:
1860:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1838:
1832:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1805:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1735:. 7 August 2019.
1729:
1723:
1720:
1714:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1683:
1680:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1651:
1642:
1639:
1624:
1623:
1616:
1253:and the H&K
1101:telescoping bolt
1052:telescoping bolt
1005:Carl Gustaf m/45
974:
962:
893:7.65×20mm Longue
817:Battle of France
747:Continuation War
731:7.63×25mm Mauser
668:Beretta Model 38
625:Heinrich Vollmer
505:John T. Thompson
379:Kingdom of Italy
308:Luger P08 pistol
228:Maschinenpistole
145:covert operation
133:suppressive fire
95:rifle cartridges
71:John T. Thompson
21:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2816:Submachine guns
2806:
2805:
2791:
2786:
2785:
2772:
2768:
2755:
2748:
2738:
2736:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2697:
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2673:
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2558:
2557:
2553:
2543:
2541:
2532:
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2519:
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2503:
2502:
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2482:
2478:
2471:
2452:
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2443:
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2413:
2404:
2395:
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2387:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2365:
2363:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2344:
2337:
2332:
2325:
2314:
2298:
2294:
2277:
2273:
2266:
2250:
2246:
2239:
2217:
2208:
2198:
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2189:
2184:
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2141:
2119:
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2098:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2068:
2059:
2057:
2047:
2043:
2036:
2020:
2016:
2005:
2001:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1954:
1952:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1931:
1917:
1913:
1906:
1892:
1888:
1879:
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1854:
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1839:
1835:
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1817:
1815:
1807:
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1793:
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1783:
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1778:
1769:
1767:
1759:
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1740:
1731:
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1726:
1721:
1717:
1708:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1672:
1663:
1661:
1653:
1652:
1645:
1640:
1627:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1554:
1478:
1446:
1391:
1351:introduced the
1337:
1304:
1277:introduced the
1263:
1217:
1203:introduced the
1163:
1117:
1081:
1042:introduced the
989:
936:Type 30 bayonet
928:Empire of Japan
756:mass production
653:mass production
637:
629:Francoist Spain
528:
526:Interwar period
345:
300:
244:fully automatic
215:
195:organized crime
168:security forces
160:effective range
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2844:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2804:
2803:
2795:Submachine Gun
2790:
2789:External links
2787:
2784:
2783:
2766:
2746:
2716:
2709:
2688:
2667:
2653:
2639:
2625:
2616:
2602:
2576:
2551:
2525:
2513:
2504:|website=
2476:
2469:
2460:Future Weapons
2455:Dockery, Kevin
2446:
2434:
2427:
2402:
2381:
2372:
2347:
2335:
2323:
2320:on 2012-05-09.
2312:
2292:
2271:
2264:
2255:The M1 Carbine
2244:
2237:
2206:
2187:
2173:
2154:
2139:
2113:
2096:
2075:
2066:
2041:
2034:
2014:
1999:
1982:
1970:
1961:
1936:
1929:
1911:
1904:
1886:
1861:
1848:
1833:
1824:
1813:firearms.96.lt
1800:
1789:firearms.96.lt
1776:
1765:firearms.96.lt
1752:
1738:
1724:
1715:
1702:
1693:
1684:
1670:
1643:
1625:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1579:Machine pistol
1576:
1571:
1566:
1564:Firearm action
1561:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1510:special forces
1477:
1474:
1445:
1442:
1411:special forces
1390:
1387:
1336:
1333:
1329:Picatinny rail
1303:
1300:
1262:
1259:
1216:
1213:
1173:In the 1960s,
1162:
1159:
1116:
1113:
1080:
1077:
1040:Czechoslovakia
988:
985:
959:Sturmgewehr 44
938:. It used the
749:, the Finnish
636:
633:
527:
524:
474:selective fire
428:FIAT Mod. 1915
413:machine pistol
383:FIAT Mod. 1915
344:
341:
299:
296:
282:, such as the
250:, such as the
232:machine pistol
214:
211:
203:Chicago Outfit
164:stopping power
156:assault rifles
141:special forces
118:assault troops
110:trench raiding
48:submachine gun
26:
18:Submachineguns
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2566:on 2015-01-21
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2362:on 2003-05-18
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1559:Assault rifle
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751:Sissi patrols
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716:Karabiner 98k
712:
708:
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660:
658:
657:M3 Grease Gun
654:
650:
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632:
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618:
614:
610:
607:in 1938. The
606:
601:
600:front company
597:
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575:1924 uprising
571:
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568:China Marines
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458:stormtroopers
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409:
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394:
390:
388:
384:
380:
377:In 1915, the
372:
371:FIAT Mod.1915
367:
363:
361:
358:and a longer
357:
356:drum magazine
353:
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130:close-quarter
127:
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106:close quarter
103:
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2769:
2737:. Retrieved
2733:the original
2700:
2680:. Retrieved
2678:. 2023-04-20
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2589:the original
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1964:
1953:. Retrieved
1951:(in Russian)
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1939:
1920:
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1662:. Retrieved
1658:
1614:
1533:ambidextrous
1529:reflex sight
1518:
1487:
1472:and TS III.
1461:
1447:
1392:
1379:muzzle climb
1371:KRISS Vector
1368:
1346:
1313:
1279:Colt 9mm SMG
1272:
1264:
1230:
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1172:
1155:
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1069:
1037:
1030:
1026:Congo Crisis
1002:
990:
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940:8×22mm Nambu
925:
901:
897:Vichy French
886:
858:
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742:Suomi KP/-31
735:
727:World War II
704:
661:
646:
635:World War II
585:
583:paramilitary
580:
572:
551:James Cagney
544:
533:
529:
513:
470:box magazine
448:
444:rate of fire
440:box magazine
423:
421:
417:
410:
403:
387:9mm Glisenti
376:
346:
325:
313:
270:such as the
264:H&K VP70
227:
216:
207:gun violence
192:
190:the target".
176:paramilitary
114:World War II
99:
51:
47:
45:
2739:October 19,
2595:30 November
1599:Sputter Gun
1574:Machine gun
1541:FN 5.7×28mm
1523:features a
1508:weapon for
1448:During the
1415:suppressors
1357:closed bolt
1320:H&K G36
1187:closed-bolt
1151:M2 carbines
1033:Madsen M-50
1010:Vietnam War
972:Sturmgewehr
964:select-fire
908:Evelyn Owen
760:Lapland war
736:During the
692:grip safety
573:During the
564:Banana Wars
343:World War I
333:Bersaglieri
321:select-fire
316:Hiram Maxim
276:H&K MP7
256:Beretta 93R
242:capable of
197:, criminal
128:emphasized
122:auxiliaries
102:World War I
87:machine gun
2810:Categories
2682:2024-04-25
2585:"Products"
2570:2015-07-31
2396:2009-06-26
2366:2016-11-07
2195:McNab 2012
2092:0815335334
2060:2024-05-10
1955:2022-11-24
1880:2022-12-02
1818:2023-06-18
1794:2023-06-18
1770:2023-06-14
1664:2023-06-19
1606:References
1531:and fully
1403:body armor
1225:suppressor
1142:M1 carbine
1121:Korean War
825:Royal Navy
802:conscripts
738:Winter War
507:holding a
478:Lanchester
460:employing
306:Artillery
262:, and the
248:burst fire
180:bodyguards
2779:1407-1746
2544:7 October
2506:ignored (
2496:cite book
1466:Cobra Mk1
1450:Apartheid
1353:Vityaz-SN
1347:In 2004,
1283:M16 rifle
1273:In 1982,
1251:Micro-UZI
1199:In 1969,
1194:open-bolt
1146:Hal Moore
1138:M1 Garand
1097:Uziel Gal
1044:Sa vz. 23
1038:In 1948,
874:9mm Luger
798:Wehrmacht
783:7.62×25mm
770:in 1944.
664:Mussolini
617:Waffen SS
587:Freikorps
314:In 1895,
148:commandos
126:doctrines
83:firepower
60:automatic
2797:at the
2662:"Tumblr"
2457:(2007).
2149:53221575
1552:See also
1537:blowback
1516:groups.
1470:Sanna 77
1423:Sterling
1287:blowback
1240:.380 ACP
1183:G3 rifle
1109:Model 12
904:Owen Gun
621:Erma EMP
503:General
432:OVP 1918
266:. Also,
260:Glock 18
252:Stechkin
137:Cold War
56:magazine
1525:bullpup
1438:SIG MPX
1349:Izhmash
1324:polymer
870:.45 ACP
842:MP 3008
790:PPSh-41
516:.45 ACP
298:History
240:firearm
238:-style
236:handgun
85:than a
63:carbine
54:) is a
34:A Mini
2777:
2760:
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2467:
2425:
2310:
2286:
2262:
2235:
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2107:
2090:
2032:
1993:
1927:
1902:
1521:FN P90
1375:recoil
1243:Mac-11
1236:Mac-10
1233:.45ACP
1205:MPi 69
1072:MAT-49
889:MAS-38
823:, the
786:PPD-40
680:Allied
672:stocks
619:. The
486:PPD-40
426:. The
360:barrel
352:pistol
290:, and
284:CAR-15
272:FN P90
124:whose
38:and a
1389:2010s
1383:Glock
1364:AK-74
1335:2000s
1302:1990s
1261:1980s
1215:1970s
1201:Steyr
1161:1960s
1079:1950s
977:AK-47
953:FG 42
833:MP 28
684:TZ-45
596:MP 34
547:Mafia
454:MP 18
436:stock
292:Mk.18
220:MP-40
199:gangs
58:-fed
2775:ISSN
2758:ISBN
2741:2009
2705:ISBN
2597:2012
2546:2014
2508:help
2465:ISBN
2423:ISBN
2308:ISBN
2284:ISBN
2260:ISBN
2233:ISBN
2201:help
2145:OCLC
2135:ISBN
2105:ISBN
2088:ISBN
2030:ISBN
1991:ISBN
1925:ISBN
1900:ISBN
1512:and
1494:NATO
1436:and
1425:and
1407:SWAT
1397:and
1377:and
1296:USMC
1275:Colt
1255:MP5K
1238:and
1140:and
902:The
837:Sten
723:MP40
707:MP38
678:and
676:Axis
609:MP35
514:The
484:and
482:Sten
369:The
288:HK53
274:and
222:and
213:Name
182:for
178:and
150:and
120:and
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2229:447
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1430:MP5
1292:UZI
1179:MP5
1093:Uzi
1018:M76
872:or
555:FBI
362:.
349:P08
335:'s
246:or
224:MP5
52:SMG
36:Uzi
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