413:
1253:
817:. He then relinquished the Cult of Tsumbubura, the principal cult of the patron goddess of Kano. According to the Kano Chronicle, in around 1350, the Cult of Tsumbubura, which was based in Santolo Hill, rebelled against Yaji. A civil war ensued, culminating in the
590:
570:
575:
600:
595:
580:
565:
392:
585:
863:
made its first inroads to Kano. The Kano
Chronicle recalls Umaru's reign as that of peace and prosperity. He restored the Sultanate and strengthened religious institutions with Sufism.
560:
887:
against the
Songhai allowed the sultanate to attempt expansion into former Songhai tributary states. Auwa later on became the first female Madaki of Kano and guided her grandson,
422:
1513:
927:(1649–51), Kano had signed peace treaties with most of its former tributaries. The relative peace, however, exposed the House of Kutumbi to internal trifles. In 1652,
352:
327:
932:
899:(1573–82) attempted to subdue Borno but failed; however, they maintained Kano's hold on the rest of Hausa land and Kwararrafa. The Empire lasted until the reign of
980:(1731–1743), both engaged the Fula in major battles. During this period Kano was a thriving city with advanced medical knowledge and a diverse economy, although
1009:
919:
was the last Kanoan Sultan to preside over the empire. During his reign, multiple rebellions slowly degraded the empire; he died in attempt to subdue one at
736:
494:
484:
821:. After his victory, Ali Yaji set out on a wave of conquests. He conquered Rano, extending Kano's reach, and launched a successful expedition into the
765:(1349–1385), dissolved the cult of Tsumbubra and proclaimed Kano a sultanate. Before 1000 AD, Kano had been ruled as an Animist Hausa Kingdom, the
965:. Other clans were competing with the sultanate for control. Economic decline had forced the successive sultans to raise taxes to the point that
1610:
729:
1154:
459:
891:, to assert the First Kanoan Empire. In his reign, the Sultan of Kano was said to have ruled the whole of the Hausa land. Both
907:, has been cited as probable cause. Ancient cities like Wadan and other Songhai strongholds experienced similar misfortunes.
722:
464:
117:
1071:
1603:
499:
1853:
429:
957:
area, were beginning to assert control over much of
Sudanic West Africa. In Kano, the most powerful clan, the
1508:
469:
1147:
1252:
773:
in 1805 and the assassination of the last sultan of Kano in 1807. The sultanate was then replaced by the
401:
1848:
1596:
822:
1433:
1017:
904:
151:
412:
504:
489:
474:
1140:
479:
1725:
1675:
1163:
1035:
875:, the Sultanate succeeded in maintaining its independence when the Sultan took the daughter of
1493:
1700:
1680:
1635:
1577:
8:
1665:
1538:
977:
935:. By the time he was restored, the economy of the sultanate had been greatly devastated.
832:(1390-1410), the cult of Tsumbubura saw a momentary resurgence. After failing to pacify
1523:
1328:
658:
1800:
1655:
1619:
1353:
896:
818:
233:
212:
106:
1820:
1785:
1755:
1670:
1543:
1518:
1428:
1403:
1373:
1238:
1005:
973:
778:
444:
1825:
1780:
1775:
1488:
1383:
1363:
1343:
1333:
1323:
1318:
1270:
1180:
1171:
1040:
928:
900:
888:
876:
806:
766:
678:
618:
332:
1805:
1790:
1770:
1750:
1745:
1705:
1572:
1566:
1528:
1498:
1313:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1046:
872:
856:
810:
434:
379:
78:
903:(1618–23). A decline in trade throughout the Sudanic area, possibly caused by
1842:
1735:
1640:
1398:
1393:
1358:
1348:
1193:
884:
841:
708:
688:
663:
532:
96:
56:
1000:(1747-1771) grew the sultanate's cavalry force and his personal bodyguard.
1815:
1710:
1690:
1660:
1483:
1478:
1447:
1378:
1023:
924:
892:
774:
770:
754:
698:
693:
648:
643:
623:
522:
454:
449:
345:
276:
1740:
1730:
1560:
1503:
1413:
1213:
997:
946:
880:
782:
683:
673:
638:
633:
628:
537:
64:
1075:
1685:
1533:
1423:
1368:
1228:
962:
954:
916:
860:
786:
703:
668:
653:
1462:
1020:, the last sultan of Kano. He was deposed in 1805 and killed in 1807.
989:
439:
1588:
1288:
1198:
993:
829:
802:
961:, were relatively pacified by a seat in the council of state, the
1418:
1408:
1308:
1233:
1188:
1132:
981:
920:
758:
542:
370:
294:
1795:
1765:
1715:
1630:
1388:
1338:
1283:
1278:
1223:
1218:
1208:
1203:
1013:
985:
966:
958:
950:
837:
762:
527:
195:
136:
82:
1810:
1760:
1720:
1695:
1650:
92:
1645:
814:
298:
984:
had overtaken it in preeminence among the Hausa states.
1840:
879:, Auwa, as his wife. Later on, the rebellion of
761:that dates back to 1349, when the king of Kano,
1069:
1604:
1148:
730:
992:were manufactured locally, and the city of
1611:
1597:
1155:
1141:
996:depended on the Sultanate for protection.
737:
723:
1096:"Kano Chronicle," ed. Palmer, pp. 70-72.
1065:
1063:
797:
781:. The capital is now the modern city of
1074:. Kano State Government. Archived from
949:clans, invigorated by their success in
836:, the parent state of the Sultanate of
1841:
1618:
1592:
1136:
1120:
1105:
1060:
1114:
844:. He introduced the armored cavalry
757:kingdom in the north of what is now
1072:"Brief History of Kano 999 to 2003"
939:
910:
13:
1162:
805:(1349–85) accepted Islam from the
14:
1865:
1008:finally established control when
769:. The sultanate lasted until the
1251:
931:was overthrown. This led to the
866:
852:occupying the city of Turunku.
561:Pacification of Northern Nigeria
411:
350:
325:
245:• Ascension of Queen Amina
16:Muslim state in northern Nigeria
976:(1703–1731) and his successor,
859:, son of Kanejeji (1410-1421),
1099:
1090:
848:, which he used to subdue the
1:
1053:
7:
1029:
969:clans were abandoning Kano.
265:• Ascension of Kisoki
10:
1870:
792:
1626:
1556:
1471:
1455:
1446:
1269:
1260:
1249:
1179:
1170:
1106:Bello, Muhammadu (1810).
1024:emirate subject to Sokoto
1018:Muhammadu Alwali Ibn Yaji
1016:Fulani, rebelled against
905:environmental degradation
366:
304:
290:
286:
273:
263:
255:• First Interregnum
253:
243:
230:
226:
218:
208:
204:
189:
176:
172:
164:
160:
152:Muhammadu Alwali Ibn Yaji
145:
130:
126:
116:
102:
88:
74:
52:
40:
35:
23:
923:in 1648. By the time of
840:, Kanajeji converted to
933:Second Kanoan Civil War
1036:List of rulers of Kano
1854:History of Kano State
1489:Abdullahi Maje Karofi
1004:The Fulani under the
798:Rise of the Sultanate
440:Kwararafa Confederacy
75:Common languages
1578:Kano Emirate Council
1125:. UK: Penguin Books.
1121:Green, Toby (2020).
1070:Ibrahim Ado-Kurawa.
1022:Kano then became an
855:During the Reign of
828:During the reign of
137:Ali Yaji Dan Tsamiya
44: Busar Bagauda
1539:Muhammadu Sanusi II
1484:Usman I Maje Ringim
1123:A Fistful of Shells
1078:on 10 December 2009
1010:Muhammadu Bakatsine
978:Kumbari dan Sharefa
470:Protectorate Period
196:Muhammadu Bakatsine
1736:Mahdiyya caliphate
1524:Muhammadu Sanusi I
1434:Muhammad Alwali II
925:Muhammadu Shekarau
897:Muhammadu Shashere
1849:Sahelian kingdoms
1834:
1833:
1620:Sahelian kingdoms
1586:
1585:
1552:
1551:
1456:Mundubawa Dynasty
1442:
1441:
1354:Muhammad Shashere
1262:Sultanate of Kano
1247:
1246:
917:Muhammadu Kutumbi
819:Battle of Santolo
777:, subject to the
751:Sultanate of Kano
747:
746:
385:
384:
362:
361:
358:
357:
338:
337:
234:Battle of Santolo
213:Shura/ Taran Kano
200:
191:• 1782-1807
185:
156:
147:• 1781-1807
141:
112:
107:Absolute Monarchy
70:
62:
48:
30:Al Sultan Al Kano
28:Massarautar Kano
25:Sultanate of Kano
1861:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1590:
1589:
1544:Aminu Ado Bayero
1519:Abdullahi Bayero
1453:
1452:
1429:Dauda Abasama II
1404:Muhammad Sharefa
1267:
1266:
1255:
1239:Usmanu Zamnagawa
1177:
1176:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1134:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1067:
1021:
1012:, leader of the
1006:Sokoto Caliphate
974:Muhammad Sharefa
970:
940:Decline and Fall
936:
929:Muhammadu Kukuna
911:House of Kutumbi
901:Muhammadu Nazaki
889:Muhammadu Kisoki
871:In the reign of
779:Sokoto Caliphate
739:
732:
725:
415:
405:
404:Northern Nigeria
387:
386:
354:
353:
342:
341:
329:
328:
322:
321:
306:
305:
198:
183:
178:• ???–????
154:
139:
110:
68:
60:
46:
21:
20:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1839:
1838:
1835:
1830:
1622:
1617:
1587:
1582:
1548:
1509:Muhammad Abbass
1499:Muhammadu Tukur
1494:Muhammadu Bello
1467:
1448:Emirate of Kano
1438:
1384:Muhammad Kukuna
1364:Muhammad Nazaki
1344:Dauda Abasama I
1334:Muhammad Kisoki
1304:Abdullahi Burja
1271:Bagauda Dynasty
1256:
1243:
1181:Bagauda Dynasty
1172:Kingdom of Kano
1166:
1161:
1131:
1130:
1119:
1115:
1108:Infaq al Maisur
1104:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1081:
1079:
1068:
1061:
1056:
1041:Bagauda Dynasty
1032:
1003:
944:
942:
915:
913:
877:Askia the Great
873:Muhammadu Rumfa
869:
813:sub-tribe from
800:
795:
767:Kingdom of Kano
743:
714:
713:
614:
606:
605:
556:
548:
547:
518:
510:
509:
465:Colonial Period
425:
403:
396:
378:
351:
333:Kingdom of Kano
326:
279:
266:
256:
246:
236:
192:
179:
148:
133:
109:
67:
63:
61:(1349 - ?)
59:
47:Drum of Bagauda
45:
31:
29:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1867:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1751:Mossi kingdoms
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1706:Hausa kingdoms
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1616:
1615:
1608:
1601:
1593:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1573:Hausa Kingdoms
1570:
1567:Kano Chronicle
1563:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1529:Muhammad Inuwa
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1459:
1457:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1324:Muhammad Rumfa
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1275:
1273:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1185:
1183:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1164:Rulers of Kano
1160:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1137:
1129:
1128:
1113:
1098:
1089:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1047:Kano Chronicle
1043:
1038:
1031:
1028:
945:By the 1700s,
941:
938:
912:
909:
895:(1565–73) and
868:
865:
799:
796:
794:
791:
745:
744:
742:
741:
734:
727:
719:
716:
715:
712:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
615:
612:
611:
608:
607:
604:
603:
598:
593:
588:
586:Historiography
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
557:
554:
553:
550:
549:
546:
545:
543:Igbirra People
540:
535:
530:
525:
519:
516:
515:
512:
511:
508:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
426:
421:
420:
417:
416:
408:
407:
398:
397:
390:
383:
382:
380:Niger Republic
368:
364:
363:
360:
359:
356:
355:
348:
339:
336:
335:
330:
318:
317:
312:
302:
301:
292:
288:
287:
284:
283:
280:
274:
271:
270:
267:
264:
261:
260:
257:
254:
251:
250:
247:
244:
241:
240:
237:
231:
228:
227:
224:
223:
220:
216:
215:
210:
206:
205:
202:
201:
193:
190:
187:
186:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
166:
162:
161:
158:
157:
149:
146:
143:
142:
134:
131:
128:
127:
124:
123:
120:
114:
113:
104:
100:
99:
90:
86:
85:
76:
72:
71:
54:
50:
49:
38:
37:
33:
32:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1866:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1837:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1625:
1621:
1614:
1609:
1607:
1602:
1600:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1359:Muhammad Zaki
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1349:Abu Bakr Kado
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1124:
1117:
1109:
1102:
1093:
1077:
1073:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1027:
1025:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
937:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
908:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
867:Kanoan Empire
864:
862:
858:
853:
851:
847:
843:
842:Hausa Animism
839:
835:
831:
826:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
740:
735:
733:
728:
726:
721:
720:
718:
717:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
616:
610:
609:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
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533:Kanuri People
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528:Fulani People
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1479:Ibrahim Dabo
1472:Dabo Dynasty
1379:Shekkarau II
1261:
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1101:
1092:
1082:12 September
1080:. Retrieved
1076:the original
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1002:
972:
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893:Abubakr Kado
870:
854:
849:
845:
833:
827:
801:
775:Kano Emirate
771:Fulani Jihad
750:
748:
571:Demographics
523:Hausa People
517:By ethnicity
505:1999–present
460:Pre-colonial
435:Hausa States
374:
346:Kano Emirate
315:Succeeded by
314:
309:
277:Fulani Jihad
165:Grand Vizier
132:• 1349
81:(official),
69:(1430 -1805)
41:
18:
1726:Kanem–Bornu
1676:Futa Jallon
1504:Aliyu Babba
1414:Alhaji Kabe
998:Babban Zaki
538:Nupe People
402:History of
310:Preceded by
209:Legislature
111:(1349-1805)
1843:Categories
1801:Toucouleur
1701:Great Fulo
1534:Ado Bayero
1424:Babba Zaki
1229:Shekarau I
1054:References
963:Taran Kano
861:Sufi Islam
809:people, a
787:Kano State
430:Prehistory
103:Government
1821:Wassoulou
1681:Futa Toro
1463:Sulaimanu
1329:Abdullahi
990:gunpowder
825:region.
823:Kwararafa
807:Wangarawa
679:Nassarawa
581:Economics
576:Diplomacy
500:1993–1999
495:1983–1993
490:1979–1983
485:1966–1979
480:1963–1966
475:1953–1960
89:Religion
36:1350–1805
1514:Usman II
1289:Kanejeji
1199:Gijimasu
1030:See also
994:Timbuktu
953:and the
830:Kanejeji
803:Ali Yaji
763:Ali Yaji
613:By state
596:Military
591:Medicine
555:By topic
423:Timeline
393:a series
391:Part of
375:de facto
291:Currency
1791:Songhai
1776:Shilluk
1746:Massina
1636:Bagirmi
1419:Yaji II
1409:Kumbari
1374:Al-Hajj
1369:Kutumbi
1309:Dakauta
1234:Tsamiya
1189:Bagauda
986:Muskets
982:Katsina
921:Katsina
811:Soninke
793:History
759:Nigeria
709:Zamfara
689:Plateau
659:Katsina
619:Adamawa
566:Culture
371:Nigeria
295:cowries
275:•
232:•
219:History
184:(first)
140:(first)
118:Sultans
53:Capital
42:Anthem:
1806:Tunjur
1796:Takrur
1786:Sokoto
1771:Sennar
1766:Saloum
1716:Kaarta
1666:Darfur
1656:Dagbon
1641:Bamana
1631:Alodia
1389:Soyaki
1339:Yakufu
1319:Yakubu
1284:Bugaya
1279:Yaji I
1224:Gujjua
1219:Naguji
1209:Gawata
1204:Nawata
1194:Warisi
1014:Jobawa
967:Tuareg
959:Jobawa
951:Takrur
850:Zukzuk
846:Lifidi
838:Zazzau
834:Zukzuk
753:was a
699:Taraba
694:Sokoto
649:Kaduna
644:Jigawa
624:Bauchi
395:on the
222:
199:(last)
182:Zaiti
168:
155:(last)
122:
83:Arabic
1816:Wadai
1811:Waalo
1761:Niumi
1756:Niani
1721:Kaabu
1711:Jolof
1696:Gobir
1691:Ghana
1671:Dendi
1651:Cayor
1314:Atuma
1299:Dauda
1294:Umaru
885:Kebbi
881:Kanta
857:Umaru
755:Hausa
684:Niger
674:Kwara
664:Kebbi
639:Gombe
634:Borno
629:Benue
601:Women
455:Bornu
450:Kanem
93:Islam
79:Hausa
1826:Wuli
1781:Sine
1741:Mali
1731:Kong
1661:Daju
1646:Baol
1561:Kano
1399:Dadi
1394:Bawa
1214:Yusa
1084:2010
988:and
955:Futa
947:Fula
815:Mali
783:Kano
749:The
704:Yobe
669:Kogi
654:Kano
299:gold
282:1805
269:1509
259:1450
249:1430
239:1350
65:Kano
57:Dala
1686:Gao
883:of
785:in
1845::
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738:e
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373:(
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