Sunni Islam - Knowledge

4426: 5414:) of humans after death. The believer will answer to this test: "God is my Lord, Islam is my religion and Mohammed is my prophet." The doubter, on the other hand, will answer: "Oh dear, I don't know. I heard people say something, and that's how I said it." He is then hit with an iron club so that he utters a loud scream that can be heard by everyone except people and jinn. If people heard him, they would lose consciousness. Children are also interviewed by Munkar and Nakīr as well as people who have disappeared, drowned or were eaten by predatory animals. Deceased Muslims receive the 2250:, the basis for the Shi'a religious thought. There was no clearly accepted formula for determining succession in the Abbasid caliphate. Two or three sons or other relatives of the dying caliph emerged as candidates to the throne, each supported by his own party of supporters. A trial of strength ensued and the most powerful party won and expected favours of the caliph they supported once he ascended the throne. The caliphate of this dynasty ended with the death of the Caliph al-Ma'mun in 833 CE, when the period of Turkish domination began. 5140: 5588:) of the Messenger of God and its effect on those of his ummah who have committed serious sins is a fixed teaching point of the Sunni faith. Muhammad reserved the intercession especially for them. According to al-Ghazālī, the Sunni believer has a total of the intercession of the prophets, then the scholars, then the martyrs, then to believe the other believers in accordance with their dignity and their rank in God. Those of the believers who have no advocate will be brought out of hell by the grace of God. 5867: 5686: 2259: 22045: 16388: 3605: 2763: 22055: 4417:. The schools of law all have their own particular tradition of interpreting this jurisprudence. As these schools represent clearly spelled out methodologies for interpreting Islamic law, there has been little change in the methodology with regard to each school. While conflict between the schools was often violent in the past, the four Sunni schools recognize each other's validity and they have interacted in legal debate over the centuries. 5035: 2500: 6162: 2044: 16377: 3594: 1137: 474: 56: 5674:). Therefore, it is recommended to say: "A believer, if God is willing" or "I hope that I am a Believer". Such a way of expression does not make people into doubters, because by that, they only mean that their otherworldly fate and their end are hidden from them. The Sunnis do not speak to any of the people who pray to the Kaaba, to paradise or hell, because of a good deed or a sin he has committed. 4949:) because he continues to exist without interruption for all eternity. He is the first and the last, as it says in the Quran (Sura 57: 3). God brought forth creation not because he needed it, but to demonstrate his power and as the implement his previous will and his primordial speech. God is creator, but has no needs. He does not need food, does not feel lonely and does not keep company with anyone. 536: 4962:) with the throne. It is not the throne that carries God, but the throne and its bearers are carried through the grace of his power. According to al-Ashʿari, the Sunnis confess that God is on his throne, but without asking how. Even if God does not need the throne and what is below, because he spatially occupies everything, including what is above him, the throne and stool ( 4299:("The evidence of knowledge of the beliefs of followers of different religions") about the Sufis: "They associate themselves with the Sunnis, but they do not belong to them, because they contradict them in their beliefs, actions and teachings." That is what distinguishes the Sufis from Sunnis according to as-Saksakī their orientation to the hidden inner meaning of the 5631:), but his righteousness cannot be decided by analogy with the righteousness of people, because unjust actions for people are only conceivable with regard to someone else's property, but God does not encounter someone else's property anywhere so that he could behave unfairly to him. The principle of predestination is God's mystery with regard to his creatures. No 4465:(legal schools). These varied traditions reflect differing viewpoints on some laws and obligations within Islamic law. While one school may see a certain act as a religious obligation, another may see the same act as optional. These schools are not regarded as sects; rather, they represent differing viewpoints on issues that are not considered the core of 6801: 4576:(People of the Prophet's Way and the Community) is a Sunni revivalist movement following the Hanafi and Shafi'i schools of jurisprudence, and Maturidi and Ashʿari schools of theology with hundreds of millions of followers. The movement is moderate form of Islam that Muslims in South Asia have followed for centuries and it encompasses a variety of 4846:(Arabic for "faith"), which are believed to be essential. These six articles are common that present-day Sunnis agree on, from those who adhere to traditional Sunnism to those who adhere to latter-day movements. Additionally, classical Sunni Islam also outlined numerous other cardinal doctrines since the 8th century, such as the 1670:: Religious history, sociological und reform oriented facts") published in 1928–29. The term "Sunnah" is usually used in Arabic discourse as designation for Sunni Muslims, when they are intended to be contrasted with Shias. The word pair "Sunnah-Shia" is also used on Western research literature to denote the Sunni-Shia contrast. 5617:) of creatures and determined their time of time. He makes his creatures sick and heals them, lets them die and makes them alive, while the creatures themselves have no power over it. God lets die without fear and brings to life without exertion. The one who dies dies on the appointed date, even if he is killed. 5208:

is according to Sunnism uncreated. The teachings of the creation of the Quran is rejected by Sunnis. Anyone who takes this teaching is regarded as an unbeliever. The Quran is recited with the tongue, written into books and memorized by the heart, but remains the uncreated speech of God, because it is

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as their master. They agree in the rational principles on all questions where there is no hearing-based evidence, in the hearing-based principles in everything that reason conceives as possible, and in the rational as well as the hearing-based principles in all other questions. They also agree on all

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regarding the early history of Islam, and the practices of Muhammad and his first followers, and wrote them down so that they might be preserved. These recorded oral traditions are called hadith. Muslim scholars have through the ages sifted through the hadith and evaluated the chain of narrations of

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God created everything, the years and times, day and night, light and darkness, the heavens and the earth, all kinds of creatures that are on it, the land and the sea, and everything living, dead and solid. Before he created all of this, he was completely alone, with nothing with him. In contrast to

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among other things associated with Sufism. They are also called Sunni Sufis. The movement defines itself as the most authentic representative of what is known as Sunnī Islam and thus adopts the generic moniker, Ahl-i-Sunnat wa-al-Jamāʿat (The people who adhere to the Prophetic Tradition and preserve

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The movement claim to revive the Sunnah as embodied in the Qur’an and literature of traditions (Hadith), as the people had lapsed from the Prophetic traditions. Consequently, scholars took the duty of reminding Muslims go back to the 'ideal' way of Islam. The movement drew inspiration from the Sunni

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relinquishing power in favour of the latter, with a condition inter alia, that one of the two who will outlive the other will be the caliph, and that this caliph will not appoint a successor but will leave the matter of selection of the caliph to the public. Subsequently, Hasan was poisoned to death

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It is a mistake to assume, as is frequently done, that Sunni Islam emerged as normative from the chaotic period following Muhammad's death and that the other two movements simply developed out of it. This assumption is based in... the taking of later and often highly ideological sources as accurate

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as the actual bearers of Islamic science and culture. Of all the sciences, knowledge and efforts of which Muslims are proud, al-Baghdādī explains that the Sunnis have a major share. In the last chapter of his book, al-Baghdadi also relates this to building activity in Islamic countries. He believes

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Later Sunni scholars also present the Sunnis as the center of Muslim community. The idea already appears to some extent in the Ashʿarite ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Baghdādī, who emphasizes on several dogmatic questions that the Sunnis hold a position that lies in the middle between the positions of the other

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after death. Munkar and Nakīr are two terrifying, huge figures who let the person sit upright in his grave with mind and body and then tell him about the oneness of God and the prophethood of Muhammad. They ask him: "Who is your master? What is your religion? Who is your prophet?". They are the two

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might lead to interpreting Qur'anic passages as falsehoods. Modern trends of Islamic interpretation are usually seen as adjusting to a modern audience and purifying Islam from alleged alterings, some of which are believed to be intentional corruptions brought into Islam to undermine and corrupt its

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There are differing views among Sunni scholars about the timing and type of the divine vision. Al-Ashari states that God is seen on the day of resurrection, whereby only the believers see him, the unbelievers not because they are kept away from God. At-Tahāwī, on the other hand, was of the opinion

5392:). Accordingly, Muhammad went on a nocturnal journey during which his person was transported to heaven while awake and from there to heights, "which God has chosen". God gave him what he had chosen for him and gave him his revelation. God has also blessed him in his life beyond and in this world. 4957:

To absolve God of all anthropomorphism, the Qur'anic statements that "God sat on the throne" (istawā ʿalā l-ʿarš; Surah 7:54; 20: 5) receive a lot of the Sunni creeds attention. The creed of al-Qādir emphasizes that God did not set himself up on the throne (ʿarš) "in the manner of the rest of the

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literalism, using the rationalistic methods championed by Mu'tazilites to defend most tenets of the traditionalist doctrine. Although the mainly Hanbali scholars who rejected this synthesis were in the minority, their emotive, narrative-based approach to faith remained influential among the urban

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position that all Quranic references to God as having real attributes were metaphorical. The Ash'aris insisted that these attributes were as they "best befit His Majesty". The Arabic language is a wide language in which one word can have 15 different meanings, so the Ash'aris endeavor to find the

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expressed the opinion that Ash'arites and Māturīdites would not count among the Sunnis, because their doctrine of attributes would be in contrast to the doctrine of Muhammad and his companions. For this reason, the view that three groups belong to Sunnism should also be rejected. Sunnis are only

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community from Sunnism. The Islamic World League in Mecca, also funded by Saudi Arabia, made a resolution from 1987 that it regards Sunnism as the pure teachings at the time of the Messenger and the rightful existence of the Caliphate. However, the Council of Senior Religious Scholars is largely

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As for the way of seeing God, al-Ash Aari and Ibn Taimiyah emphasized its visual characteristics. Al-Ashari meant that God can be seen with the eyes, just as one sees the moon on the night of the full moon. Ibn Taimīya adds that the vision of God is as one sees the sun on a cloudless day. In the

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was also used for the individual person. Thus it has been recorded, the Kufic scholar of the Quran Abū Bakr ibn ʿAyyāsh (d. 809) was asked, how he was a "sunni". He responded the following: "The one who, when the heresies are mentioned, doesn't get excited about any of them." The Andalusiaian

5458:) and the retribution of the deeds take place. First the bodies of all people, animals and jinn are put back together and revived. The souls are brought back into the body, the people rise from their graves, barefoot, naked and uncircumcised. The sun is approaching them and they are sweating. 2071:

developed out of Sunni Islam. This perception is partly due to the reliance on highly ideological sources that have been accepted as reliable historical works, and also because the vast majority of the population is Sunni. Both Sunnism and Shiaism are the end products of several centuries of

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The rule of and "caliphate" of Banu Umayya came to an end at the hands of Banu Abbās a branch of Banu Hāshim, the tribe of Muhammad, only to usher another dynastic monarchy styled as caliphate from 750 CE. This period is seen formative in Sunni Islam as the founders of the four schools viz,

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founded by Muhammad ibn Karram (d. 859) referred to the sunnah and community. They passed down in praise of their school founder a hadith, according to which Muhammad predicted that at the end of times a man named Muhammad ibn Karram will appear, who will restore the sunna and the community

2171:' (pious filial support)". Ali, during his rather brief regime after Uthman maintained austere life style and tried hard to bring back the egalitarian system and supremacy of law over the ruler idealised in Muhammad's message, but faced continued opposition, and wars one after another by 2481:

stands for alleged scientific miracles found in the Qur'an. In short, the idea is that the Qur'an contains knowledge about subjects an author of the 7th century could not possibly have. Such interpretations are popular among many commentators. Some scholars, such as the Commentators of

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times, many efforts were made to establish a good harmony between the teachings of the Ashʿarīya and the Māturīdīya. Finally, there were also scholars who regarded the Ashʿarites alone as Sunnis. For example, the Moroccan Sufi Ahmad ibn ʿAdschiba (d. 1809) stated in his commentary on

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meaning that best befits God and is not contradicted by the Quran. Therefore, when God states in the Quran, "He who does not resemble any of His creation", this clearly means that God cannot be attributed with body parts because He created body parts. Ash'aris tend to stress divine

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said: "Two kinds of people perish on me: the exaggerated lover and the exaggerated hater." He notes that the exaggerated lover is the Rafidites and the exaggerated hater is the Kharijit. The Sunni, on the other hand, loves ʿAlī in high esteem and is thus in the balanced middle

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asked Husain, the younger brother of Hasan, Ali's son and Muhammad's grandson, to give his allegiance to Yazid, which he plainly refused. His caravan was cordoned by Yazid's army at Karbalā and he was killed with all his male companions – total 72 people, in a day long

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According to at-Tahāwī's creed, this only applies to the serious sinners from Muhammad's ummah: They are in hell, but not forever if they were monotheists at the time of death. What happens to them lies within God: if he wants, he forgives them through his grace

5706:) within a handful of months of his death, and is accepted by all sects of Islam. Many matters of belief and daily life were not directly prescribed in the Quran, but were actions observed by Muhammad and the early Muslim community. Later generations sought out 5655:) for hell. God has always known the number of those who go to paradise and the number of those who go to hell. This number is neither increased nor decreased. When God creates the body of the embryo, he sends an angel to him who writes down his livelihood ( 11047: 5624:). The pen she wrote is the first thing God created. God commanded him to write down what will be until the day of resurrection. The pen has already dried out and the scrolls are rolled up. Everything that was written on it in ancient times is immutable. 6693:

The Shi'a unequivocally take the word in the meaning of leader, master and patron and therefore the explicitly nominated successor of the Prophet. The Sunnis, on the other hand, interpret the word mawla in the meaning of a friend or the nearest kin and

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are often called the Sunni "orthodoxy", traditionalist theology has thrived alongside it, laying rival claims to be the orthodox Sunni faith. In the modern era, it has had a disproportionate impact on Islamic theology, having been appropriated by

5521:ʿAqīda at-Tahāwīs, the transcendence of God is emphasized: the vision can neither be understood nor described, because none of the creatures are like God. According to al-Ghazālī's creed the pious in the hereafter see the essence of God without 1890:) and take Hidraj from Chorasan to Jerusalem, just how Muhammad himself took a Hidraj from Mecca to Medina. According to the testimony of the transoxanian scholar Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi (d. 1099) the Kullabites (followers of the Basrian scholar 10677: 4086:

that the Muʿtazilites, like the Kharijites, represent a doctrine that is contrary to Sunnism. Ibn Taymiyya argued that the Muʿtazilites belong to the Sunnis in the general sense because they recognize the caliphate of the first three caliphs.

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Regarding the question which dogmatic tendencies are to be assigned to Sunnism, there is no agreement among Muslim scholars. Since the early modern period, is the idea that a total of three groups belong to the Sunnis: 1. those named after

5738:), and while accepting all hadiths verified as authentic, grant a slightly lesser status to the collections of other recorders. Four other hadith collections are also held in particular reverence by Sunni Muslims, making a total of six: 7789: 6829: 2586:, anyone with the intelligence and the will can become an Islamic scholar. During Midday Mosque services on Fridays, the congregation will choose a well-educated person to lead the service, known as a Khateeb (one who speaks). 1917:(d. 983), Abu Schakur as-Salimi (d. 1086) and al-Bazdawi himself. They used the term as a contrast from their enemies among them Hanafites in the West, who have been followers of the Mutazilites. Al-Bazdawī also contrasted the 9847: 9831: 1613:). A disciple of Masrūq, the scholar ash-Shaʿbī (d. between 721 und 729), who first sided with the Shia in Kufa during Civil War, but turned away in disgust by their fanaticism and finally decided to join the Umayyad Caliph 4750:

of the Hanbali Qadi Ibn Abi Yaʿla]] (d. 1131). The first version comes from a treatise on the Sunnah by Ahmad ibn Hanbal's disciple Muhammad ibn Habib al-Andarani, the second is based on Ahmad's disciple Muhammad ibn Yunus

5927:, failed because of resistance from conservative Sunni clergy inside and outside the Diyanet authority. Since the 1990s, the Diyanet authority has presented itself as an institution that stands above the denominations ( 2156:

by Muhammad, as his successors with the accession of Uthman to caliphate, replaced the egalitarian society formed as a result of Muhammad's revolution to a society stratified between haves and have-nots as a result of

1487:, according to which Sunnis are named, is old and roots in pre-Islamic language. It was used for traditions which a majority of people followed. The term got greater political significance after the murder of the third 8598:

The Ash'ari school of theology is often called the Sunni 'orthodoxy.' But the original ahl al-hadith, early Sunni creed from which Ash'arism evolved has continued to thrive alongside it as a rival Sunni 'orthodoxy' as

4048:(d. 2001), who like Ibn Taimiya differentiated between Sunnis in general and special senses, also excluded the Asharites from the circle of Sunnis in the special sense and took the view that only the pious ancestors ( 2542:

to be reliable transmitters of Islam, since God and Muhammad accepted their integrity. Medieval sources even prohibit cursing or vilifying them. This belief is based upon prophetic traditions such as one narrated by

6326:. According to its organizers, the conference should "mark a blessed turning point in efforts to correct the serious and dangerous distortion of religion by those extremists trying to usurp the venerable name of 5517:

that the vision of God was a reality for the inmates of Paradise. Ibn Taimīya doubles the vision of God: people see God while they are still in the places of the resurrection, and then after entering paradise.

6263:). Anyone who declares them to be unbelieving or who doubts their orthodoxy should fear for their religion. On the same day, the fatwa office made clear in a fatwa that, according to their understanding, the 7857:

Source for distribution is the CIA World Factbook, Shiite/Sunnite distribution collected from other sources. Shiites may be underrepresented in some countries where they do not appear in official statistics.

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depictions, neither the founders of these orders nor their followers considered themselves to be anything other than orthodox Sunni Muslims, Many of the most eminent defenders of Islamic orthodoxy, such as

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is elected. Zitouna University in Tunisia and University of al-Qarawiyyin in Morocco are recognized. They are also mentioned, along with the Azhar, in the final document of the Sunni Conference in Grozny.

5647:), condemned are whose who are condemned by the judgment of God. God created paradise and hell above all else; then he created the people who are worthy of them. He has designated some out of generosity ( 5902:

founded in Saudi Arabia in 1971. In the past, the committee has expressed several times on fatwas about the Sunni-membership of certain Islamic groups within. In 1986 it published a fatwa excluding the

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of Muhammad is the first religious community to enter Paradise, Other religious communities also have the opportunity to get to paradise, because God leads whole peoples through the grace of his mercy (

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The seeds of metamorphosis of caliphate into kingship were sown, as the second caliph Umar had feared, as early as the regime of the third caliph Uthman, who appointed many of his kinsmen from his clan

10684: 9971: 4730:. The individual teaching points differ depending on the author's affiliation to a certain teaching tradition. The most important creeds that explicitly claim to represent the teachings of the Sunnis ( 3665:-law. It is more influenced by Persian interpretations of Islam and less on the traditions established within Arabian culture. In contrast to the traditionalistic approach, Maturidism allows to reject 5670:

The Sunni believer does not doubt his belief. Humans neither know how they are registered by God (whether as believers or unbelievers), nor how it ends with them. God is also the converter of hearts (

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against the enemies of Islam, 8. the general crowd. According to this classification, the Sufis are one of a total of eight groups within Sunnism, defined according to their religious specialization.

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in general, while Turkish tafsir usually partly allow referring to Biblical material. Nevertheless, most non-Arabic commentators regard them as useless or not applicable. A direct reference to the

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The sequence of events of the 20th century has led to resentment in some quarters of the Sunni community due to the loss of pre-eminence in several previously Sunni-dominated regions such as the

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publicly distanced himself from the final declaration of the Grozny conference, reiterating that he had not participated in it and stressed that he naturally viewed the Salafists as Sunnis.

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When it comes to the attributes of God, the Sunnis stand in the middle between the Jahmiyya, who completely drains God of attributes, and the Muschabbiha, who make God similar to creation,

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and no prophet is informed of this. Reflecting on predestination leads to destruction and is a step toward rebellion against God because He has hidden the knowledge about it from people.

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from Sunnism. Among other things, he argued that there was no Salafi madhhab in the first 300 years of Islam. From this he deduced that those who called other Muslims to obey the Salafi

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must blow into the trumpet during thunder and the day of resurrection. Furthermore, to the angels belong the recording angels, who supervise humans and the angel of death, who takes the

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issued a fatwa in 1996 stating that Salafis are Sunnis. Like many Ashʿarites, the Salafis believe their teachings are the only true form of Sunnism, and hence reject the Asharites and

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The Sunnis confess that the names of God cannot be said to be anything other than God, as Muʿtazilites and Kharijites claim. Rather, they teach that there are correlating attributes (

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advocated by the Maturidites and Ashʿarites. The Syrian scholar ʿAbd al-Baqi Ibn Faqih Fussa (d. 1661) calls this third traditionalist group the Hanbalites. The late Ottoman thinker

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The Al-Qaeda Organization and the Islamic State Organization: History, Doctrine, Modus, Operandi, and US Policy to Degrade and Defeat Terrorism Conducted in the Name of Sunni Islam

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was established. Their preferred school of law achieved a new prominence throughout their whole empire although it continued to be followed almost exclusively by followers of the

2547:, in which Muhammad said: "The best of the people are my generation, then those who come after them, then those who come after them." Support for this view is also found in the 5797:

There are also other collections of hadith which also contain many authentic hadith and are frequently used by scholars and specialists. Examples of these collections include:

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are all created by the power of God and bound to his will. Even if humans, jinn, angels and devils aligned to move or stop one atom, they could not succeed without God's will.

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have sole authority in matters of belief and law; and that the use of rational disputation is forbidden even if it verifies the truth. They engage in a literal reading of the

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one time in his true form with 600 wings, filling the entire horizon and another time when he was among the circles of the Sahaba, in the form of a white clothed traveller.

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historical portrayals – and in part on the fact that the overwhelming majority of Muslims throughout the world follows now what emerged as Sunni Islam in the early period.

8129:"Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community." 4172:

scholar Muhammad ibn al-Qāsim al-Bakkī (d. 1510) also included the Sufis in Sunnism. He divided the Sunnis into the following three groups according to their knowledge (

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Steinberg, Guido. "THE WAHHABIYA, SAUDI ARABIA AND THE SALAFIST MOVEMENT." Islamic Movements of Europe: Public Religion and Islamophobia in the Modern World (2014): 38.

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based on reason alone. Nevertheless, revelation remains important to inform humans about that is beyond their intellectual limits, such as the concept of an afterlife.

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after which Yazid established himself as a sovereign, though strong public uprising erupted after his death against his dynasty to avenge the massacre of Karbalā, but

7963: 12691: 7020: 5014:). The attributes are not identical to God, nor are they anything different from him. Only those attributes are ascribed to God which he ascribed to himself (in the 16127: 4797: 9187: 6247:

by the "Egyptian Fatwa Office" in July 2013. In its fatwa, the office rejected this accusation, affirming that the Ashʿarites still represented the "multitude of

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creatures" and that he created this throne, although he did not need it. Al-Ghazali's knowledge of the faith states that the "sitting down" is free from contact (

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and other theological currents, condemning many points of their doctrine as well as the rationalistic methods they used in defending them. In the 10th century AD

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started, one said: 'Name us your informants'. One would then respond to them: If they were Sunnah people, you accept their hadith. But if they are people of the

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from the vision of humans, thus they can usually not see them. Just in some special occusations God unveils them for individual humans. Like when the archangel

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represent Sunnis in the specific sense. About the Maturidiyya he only says that they are closer to the Salafiyya than the Ashʿariyya because they excel more in

15377: 14610: 9121: 6279: 3518: 3456: 2656: 9304: 6055:), who was otherwise known for his uncompromising attitude, also adhered to this view. He said that the Sunnis represented "the middle among the sects of the 5384:. Every claim to prophethood after him is an error or imagination, since Muhammad is the last prophet. Another important point of teaching is the belief in 2128:

on important government positions, becoming the main cause of turmoil resulting in his murder and the ensuing infighting during Ali's time and rebellion by

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too and used them in their works to designate the teachings of their own school. According to al-Bazdawi all Asharites in his time said they belong to the

1759:(people of the righteous) remained interchangeable for a long time. Thus the Hanafite Abū l-Qāsim as-Samarqandī (d. 953), who composed a catechism for the 7994: 15994: 7369: 6208: 6200:

which did not even exist. In his view, only the Ashʿarites were real Sunnis. Abbas' books served as the theological basis for anti-Salafist campaigns in

14218: 18465: 9633: 2486:, reject this approach, arguing the Qur'an is a text for religious guidance, not for science and scientific theories that may be disproved later; thus 7329:

Each of these sectarian movements... used the other to define itself more clearly and in the process to articulate its doctrinal contents and rituals.

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will split into 73 sects, only one of which will be saved. The Sunnis have the idea that they are this "saved sect" ("firqa nā niya"). For example,

5274:. The Sunnis do not differentiate between the messengers of God, (By rejecting some of them), but consider everything they have brought to be true. 2007:, a third juridical source after the Book (Quran), and the Sunnah. The Ottoman scholar Muslih ad-Din al-Qastallani (d. 1495) held the opinnion that 20998: 16093: 11300:, by The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, Asma Afsaruddin, Yamini Chauhan, Aakanksha Gaur, Gloria Lotha, Matt Stefon, Noah Tesch and Adam Zeidan 8108: 5210: 4687:

for his doctrine of God's alleged ability to lie (Imkan-e-Kizb) from Delhi in 1825. Ismail is considered as an intellectual ancestor of Deobandis.

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rarely, and preferred another combination. Later Asharites like al-Isfaranini (d. 1027) nad Abd al-Qahir al-Baghdadi (d. 1078) used the expression

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by Ibn Taimīya (1263–1328), which later received importance especially among the Wahhabis and the Ahl-i Hadīth. It was translated into French by

1748: 21904: 5529:. According to the creed of an-Nasafī, God is seen neither in one place nor in any direction or distance. There is also no connection to rays. 2281:, the biggest Sunni empire for six centuries, brought the caliphate to an end. This resulted in Sunni protests in far off places including the 6124:). Since the Sunnis stay away from the exaggeration described in the traditional ʿAlī saying, al-Qārī believes that they are also the actual " 4980: 2595:

in 2010 and released January 2011 found that there are 1.62 billion Muslims around the world, and it is estimated over 85–90% are Sunni.

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One common mistake is to assume that Sunni Islam represents a normative Islam that emerged during the period after Muhammad's death, and that

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In the 11th century, Sufism, which had previously been a less "codified" trend in Islamic piety, began to be "ordered and crystallized" into

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is according to Sunni views the speech of God. Who listens to it and regards it as human speech is according to Sunni Creed by at-Tahāwī an

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Ahle Sunnat Barelvi movement is spread across the globe with millions of followers, thousands of mosques, institutions and organizations in

4251:. Its principles correspond in the initial stage to the principles of the other two groups, but in the final stage they rely on revelation ( 21856: 19204: 16973: 8613: 8379: 8289: 8093:

The great majority of the world's more than 1.5 billion Muslims are Sunnis - estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%.

6168:, Great-Imam of Azhar, was one of the most important participants of the Sunni-conference in Grozny, distanced himself from the declaration 5154:

The Sunnis further believe in the books of God, sent to the envoys of God. To them belong the Quran, the Torah, the Gospel and the Psalms.

4311:. According to the final document of the Grozny Conference, only those Sufis are to be regarded as Sunnis who are "people of pure Sufism" ( 3943:"I do not share some of the noble scholars of the past and present that we say about a group from the Islamic groups that it is not from 2192: 16980: 16024: 14665: 9323: 5004: 2566:

Sunni Islam does not have a formal hierarchy. Leaders are informal, and gain influence through study to become a scholar of Islamic law (

2436:

in Arabic) in all quarters of the world as evidenced by turnout of almost 2% of the Muslim population in London protesting against ISIL.

11278: 6544: 20892: 20819: 17990: 17091: 11325: 9026: 6153:, palaces, factories and hospitals have achieved an unattainable position because none of the non-Sunnis have performed such services. 6120:). This relates al-Qari to the Qur'anic sura 2: 143, in which it is said that God made the Muslims a community standing in the middle ( 4917: 1740: 5931:) The religious education organized by the authority at the Turkish schools is based exclusively on the Sunni understanding of Islam. 4994: 4295:

wanted to exclude the Sufis from Sunnism. The Yemeni scholar ʿAbbās ibn Mansūr as-Saksakī (d. 1284) explained in his doxographic work

2379:

of the faithful, an honorific way of addressing the caliph. The Taliban regime was recognised by Pakistan and Saudi Arabia till after

20692: 17069: 16998: 16098: 16014: 9458: 9349: 8712: 5899: 3925:

from Sunni Islam. He believed that despite that their fundamental differences from Atharis, not every Ash'ari is to be excluded from

21143: 6063:), just as the Islamic Umma is the middle between the other religious communities. He illustrates this with the following examples: 5254:) that God concluded with him and his descendants according to sura 7:172–173 is a reality according to Sunni belief. God has taken 2555:

of companions are also reliably taken into account for knowledge of the Islamic faith. Sunnis also believe that the companions were

20983: 20857: 20842: 16115: 13595: 13342: 11004: 9274: 9217: 8658: 3885:

is used, the Ashʿarites and Māturīdites are meant. This position was also taken over by the Egyptian Fatwa Office in July 2013. In

16078: 15999: 13386: 11447: 10757: 8080: 6681:. Karachi, Pakistan: Oxford University Press (First Published By Longman Group Ltd and Librairie du Liban 1979). pp. 19–21. 5878:

in Egypt. Article 32b, paragraph 7 of the Egyptian Azhar Law of 1961 stipulates that the Azhar "follows the path of the Sunnis" (

1913:. During this time, the term has been used as a self-designation by the hanafite Maturidites in Transoxiania, used frequently by 910: 9100: 7838:

Sunnitischer Tafsīr in der modernen islamischen Welt: Akademische Traditionen, Popularisierung und nationalstaatliche Interessen

7817:

Sunnitischer Tafsīr in der modernen islamischen Welt: Akademische Traditionen, Popularisierung und nationalstaatliche Interessen

4025:İsmail Hakkı İzmirli, who took over the distinction between a broader and narrower circle of Sunnis from Ibn Taimiya, said that 16019: 14909: 12818: 11227: 6330:, him to coin exclusively on itself and to exclude its true representatives from it." In the final declaration the Salafis and 4425: 3524: 18782: 16882: 6368:

was not only part of Sunnism, but represented Sunnism itself. The conference was chaired by Ahmad ibn Murabit, Grand Mufti of

6278:

became visible again at the two Sunni conferences in 2016, which were directed against the terror of the IS organization. The

21003: 16987: 16417: 16029: 15986: 14386: 12558: 11967: 11457: 11439: 9434: 9333: 9227: 9200: 9153: 4272: 3752: 797: 502: 21468: 18460: 13929: 12568: 6349: 4548: 3634: 2419: 2148:. The rise to power of Banu Umayya, the Meccan tribe of elites who had vehemently opposed Muhammad under the leadership of 8200: 5886:. Only those who stick to the paths of their science and behavior can become a "Member of the Council of Great Scholars" ( 5181:) on his Messenger. The path of God's speech to the community of Muslims is a multi-stage process: God pronounced it, the 4469:. Historians have differed regarding the exact delineation of the schools based on the underlying principles they follow. 1854:

are already connected here. As a pair, these terms already appear in the 9th century. It is recorded that the disciple of

21586: 20867: 20463: 16751: 11912: 7518:. Karachi: Oxford University Press (First Published By Longman Group Ltd and Librairie du Liban 1979). pp. 108–109. 7405:] (in Urdu). Lahore, Pakistan: Adara Tarjuman-ul-Quran (Private) Ltd, Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Pakistan. pp. 105–153. 6419: 5285:, and it is incumbent on people to believe what they have brought to be true. God has given people the act of obedience ( 3420: 1342: 13229: 11021: 7955: 6188:, the Ashʿarite scholar Sirajuddin Abbas (d. 1980) wrote several books in the 1960s in which he explicitly excluded the 21796: 21526: 21408: 20862: 19442: 17354: 9141: 9080: 8996: 8960: 8931: 8626: 8576: 8525: 8497: 8466: 8433: 8400: 8361: 8334: 8276: 8255: 8234: 7911: 7878: 7845: 7824: 7690: 7663: 7638: 7613: 7588: 7548: 7523: 7458: 7431: 7379: 7322: 7291: 6686: 6631: 6514: 6489: 6464: 5711:

each tradition, scrutinizing the trustworthiness of the narrators and judging the strength of each hadith accordingly.

4484:, or "people of traditions", due to their emphasis on restricting juristic thought to only what is found in scripture. 1834:

When the expression 'ahl as-sunna wa l-jama'ah appeared for the first time, is not entirely clear. The Abbasite Caliph

21846: 20667: 17875: 15881: 15835: 15495: 15489: 9256: 4668: 4007: 3673:

on the other hand, do not need prophecy or revelation, but can be understood by reason alone. One of the tribes, the

1606: 975: 345: 14289: 5281:

and presented their truthfulness through obvious miracles. The prophets conveyed God's command and prohibition, his

2578:). Both religious and political leadership are in principle open to all Muslims. According to the Islamic Center of 21899: 19452: 16850: 16410: 15752: 15608: 15085: 14981: 14269: 10716: 10712: 8186: 8182: 7503:] (in Urdu). Lahore, Pakistan: Adara Tarjuman-ul-Quran (Private) Ltd, Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Pakistan. p. 90. 5912: 5465:

and one tongue and are as big as several layers of heaven and earth. The weights will have the weight of atoms and

2560: 2466: 2360: 575: 77: 13022: 12767: 11155: 6080:

When it comes to the question of faith and religion, they stand in the middle between Haruiyya (= Kharijites) and

5481:) are thrown into the scales of darkness in an ugly form and reduce the weight of the scales through the justice ( 4441:, was, particularly from the 9th to 11th century, an important center of Islamic learning with an emphasis on the 21861: 21756: 20882: 20877: 20833: 20458: 19302: 18524: 17509: 16933: 16246: 16052: 14600: 14548: 14157: 13205: 12869: 11757: 11637: 11212: 6399: 5805: 3538: 3302: 2620:

and 3. a differently named third group, which is traditionalistic-oriented and rejects the rational discourse of

2072:

competition between ideologies. Both sects used each other to further cement their own identities and doctrines.

1167: 7346: 6651: 5643:

It is made easy for everyone for what they were created for. Blessed are whose who are saved by God's judgment (

2630: 21716: 21541: 20814: 19828: 19769: 19656: 19535: 19467: 17853: 17491: 17410: 16311: 15859: 15757: 14842: 12585: 12563: 11877: 11842: 11318: 11120: 8006: 6661: 5919:), follows the religious policy of the Ottoman Empire, providing a Sunni interpretation of Islam. Plans by the 3285: 2860: 1787: 1112: 19948: 19823: 11261:

Applying the Canon in Islam: The Authorization and Maintenance of Interpretive Reasoning in Ḥanafī Scholarship

11180: 11126:

Farooqi, Mudassir, Sarwar Mehmood Azhar, and Rubeena Tashfeen. "Jihadist Organizations History and Analysis."

8044:"Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population" 6814:

Die ideologische und politische Konfrontation Schia-Sunna: am Beispiel der Stadt Rey des 10. – 12. Jh. n. Chr.

5293:) forbidden. God's right to the acts of obedience is not only an obligation for people through the intellect ( 21866: 21281: 21018: 20677: 20526: 20448: 19870: 18912: 18423: 17062: 17035: 16535: 15669: 15428: 15105: 12712: 12595: 11852: 11672: 11062: 11034: 5923:

in the 1960s to convert the Diyanet authority into a non-denominational institution that also integrated the

4377: 3918: 3390: 2932: 1728:

designated in this situation whose, who stayed away from heretic teachings of the different warring parties.

846: 9629: 6204:

in 2014. During these campaigns, various Salafist schools in Aceh were closed by the provincial government.

6016:

is. These differences are not so great that they considered each other to have strayed from the right path.

5613:). Predestination includes the predestination of good and bad, sweet and bitter. God has that The measured ( 4336:(orders) which have continued until the present day. All these orders were founded by a major Sunni Islamic 1940:("people of Righteousness and Divine Unity"), which was used for Mutazilites or generally designations like 1751:

this term did not mean more than "honorable and righteous believing people". Among Hanafits the designation

21924: 21726: 18934: 17642: 16808: 16231: 16208: 15818: 15674: 15664: 15570: 15223: 14863: 13898: 13379: 13051: 12897: 12847: 12288: 11732: 11191: 6404: 4011: 3894:: "As far as the Sunnis are concerned, it is the Ashʿarites and those who follow in their correct belief." 3374: 3323: 3034: 2915: 1709: 1237: 878: 19958: 5581:) and through the intercession of those who obey him out of hell and make them enter the Paradise Garden. 4596:

as well as many other orders and sub-orders of Sufism. They consider themselves to be the continuation of

3697:

schools within the empire followed the Ash'ari and Athari schools of thought. Thus, wherever can be found

21934: 21646: 21641: 21413: 19931: 19892: 19447: 19361: 18929: 18593: 17259: 16940: 16631: 16333: 16198: 16004: 15772: 15565: 14942: 14531: 13416: 13280: 12628: 11942: 11452: 11429: 11424: 11334: 10754:

Qarārāt al-maǧmaʿ al-fiqhī al-Islāmī bi-Makka al-mukarrama fī daurātihī al-ʿišrīn (1398-1432h/1977-2010m)

8100: 8002: 6172:

Since the second half of the 20th century, there have been fierce clashes within the Sunni camps between

5920: 3799:

Traditionalist theology emerged among scholars of hadith who eventually coalesced into a movement called

3250: 3236: 3180: 3152: 3117: 3107: 3041: 2853: 2294: 1952:

was used with a demand on rightoues belief, it was used in academic researches translated as "orthodox".

1271: 925: 752: 279: 19963: 19953: 11990: 10938: 8043: 7127:

Brodersen: "Sunnitische Identitätssuche im Transoxanien des 5./11. Jahrhunderts." 2019, S. 347. (German)

4777:("Presentation of Sunna and Community"). It has received frequent comments from the 13th century onward. 3947:

due to its deviation in one issue or another... as for whether the Ash’aris or the Maaturidis are from

2213:

were able to quickly suppress them all and ruled the Muslim world, till they were finally overthrown by

1838:(reigned 813–33) criticized in his Mihna edict a group of people, who related themselves to the sunnah ( 20707: 20652: 20348: 19088: 18583: 17254: 17196: 16083: 15966: 15483: 14902: 13935: 13530: 13516: 13255: 13000: 12774: 12256: 11887: 11847: 11582: 11499: 11353: 11248:

Tezcan, Baki. "The Disenchantment of Sufism, the Rationalization of Sunni Islam, and Early Modernity."

11150:

Haddad, Fanar. "Anti-Sunnism and anti-Shiism: Minorities, majorities and the question of equivalence."

9409: 4405:

strands of Sunnism do not accept many mystical practices associated with the contemporary Sufi orders.

3468: 3243: 3086: 2898: 2826: 2680: 2310: 2302: 1914: 965: 384: 18676: 10959: 10847:

The construction of orthodoxy and heresy: Neo-Confucian, Islamic, Jewish, and early Christian patterns

10737: 8771: 4842:

Most of the mentioned branches testify to six principal articles of faith known as the six pillars of

3905:, namely those who were particularly far removed from the Sunnis in terms of faith. Twentieth-century 3897:

Conversely, there were also scholars who excluded the Ashʿarites from Sunnism. The Andalusian scholar

2430:, "The Commander of the Faithful". Jihadism is opposed from within the Muslim community (known as the 2132:, another of Uthman's kinsman. This ultimately resulted in the establishment of firm dynastic rule of 21959: 21748: 21606: 21058: 19941: 19720: 19351: 18981: 18504: 17636: 17388: 17225: 17180: 16656: 16581: 16176: 16163: 15864: 15693: 15389: 15111: 15074: 14853: 13482: 13200: 12851: 12613: 11837: 11742: 11717: 11567: 11311: 11202: 9489: 8694:

Ed. Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Naṣr; ʿAbd-ar-Raḥmān ʿUmaira. 5 Bde. Dār al-Jīl, Beirut 1985. Bd. II, pp. 265ff.

7154: 7094: 7028: 6364:), in which they also distanced themselves from extremist groups, but at the same time insisted that 6220: 5801: 4045: 3330: 3201: 3173: 2846: 1569:

rebelled against the formation of the state. They led their battles in the name of "the book of God (

1060: 772: 495: 107: 65: 20059: 16947: 14765: 8767: 6623:

Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God [2 volumes]

4808:(= 1041/42 AD) which was read in front of a meeting of ascetics and scholars in the caliph's palace. 21463: 21423: 21378: 21168: 21158: 20963: 20712: 20537: 20473: 20443: 20333: 20098: 20007: 19975: 19936: 19848: 18745: 17970: 17906: 17376: 17361: 17055: 17014: 16702: 16681: 16663: 16606: 16328: 16047: 15871: 15644: 15124: 14868: 14858: 14848: 13613: 13133: 12747: 12366: 11937: 11867: 11063:

Aḥmad aṭ-Ṭaiyib: al-Azhar barīʾ min muʾtamar aš-Šīšān.. wa-s-Salafīyūn min ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa

9388:

Introduction of Ahle Sunnat wal Jama'at (Sawad E Azam Ahl E Sunnat Wal Jama'at Aqaed W Mamulat) by

8757:

for example: Halm: "Der Wesir al-Kundurī und die Fitna von Nišāpūr". 1971, pp. 214, 216ff. (German)

8541: 5473:) are thrown in a beautiful shape into the scales of light and weigh down the scales by the grace ( 5194: 4516: 4430: 4413:

Interpreting Islamic law by deriving specific rulings – such as how to pray – is commonly known as

3194: 3131: 2908: 2888: 2579: 2262: 1948:("people of guidance") for Muslims, who has been seen as rightoues believers. Since the expression 1775: 992: 792: 18413: 8988: 8746: 8167: 6957:

Ed. Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Naṣr; ʿAbd-ar-Raḥmān ʿUmaira. 5 Bde. Dār al-Ǧīl, Beirut 1985. Bd. II, S. 265.

6831:Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, Muqaddima, Bāb anna al-isnād min ad-dīn wa-ʾanna r-riwāya lā takūn illā ʿan aṯ-ṯiqāt 6749: 5373:) of Muhammad internally and externally. They prefer his guidance to the guidance of anyone else. 4643:, the Caribbean, and the United States The movement now has over 200 million followers globally. 2635:(d. 1946), who agreed to dividing Sunnis into these three groups, called the traditionalist group 2003:("Coming together, being together, agreement"). Furthermore, he connects it with the principle of 1278:

dimensions. According to Sunni traditions, Muhammad left no successor and the participants of the

21914: 21851: 21801: 21761: 21706: 21341: 21336: 21226: 21173: 21063: 20993: 20789: 20595: 20510: 19715: 19693: 19492: 19314: 18839: 18455: 18382: 18066: 17437: 17237: 17146: 16709: 16186: 14997: 14756: 14720: 12740: 12698: 12553: 12168: 11957: 11862: 11692: 11647: 11513: 11050:

al-Mafhūm aṣ-ṣaḥīḥ li-ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa wa-aṯaru-hū fī l-wiqāya min al-ġulūw wa-t-taṭarruf

10988: 10678:"Gesetz Nr. 103/1961 über die Neuordnung der Azhar und Gremien, die sie umfasst Art. 32b, Abs. 7" 9521: 9219:

Indentured Muslims in the Diaspora: Identity and Belonging of Minority Groups in Plural Societies

8832: 7516:

The Origins and Early Development of Shi'a Islam (Millennium (Series)) (The Millennium (Series).)

7003: 6784:. Ed. Muḥammad Rašād Sālim. Ǧamiʿat al-Imām Muḥammad Ibn-Saʿid, Riad, 1986. Bd. II, S. 221, 224. 6679:

The Origins and Early Development of Shi'a Islam (Millennium (Series)) (The Millennium (Series).)

6572: 6319: 6077:) they stand in the middle between the Murdschi'a and the Waʿīdiyya, a subgroup of the Qadariyya, 5810: 4847: 4675:(1796–1861) founder of the Khairabad School. Fazle Haq Khairabadi Islamic scholar and leader of 4369: 4002:). Sunnis in the general sense are all Muslims who recognize the caliphate of the three caliphs ( 3292: 3257: 3145: 3072: 2995: 2922: 2867: 2647:

as a possible alternative name. Another used for the traditionalist-oriented group is "people of

2285:

in India, which was later on upon gaining independence from Britain divided into Sunni dominated

2196:

and Muawiya enjoyed unchallenged power. Dishonouring his treaty with Hasan, he nominated his son

1713: 1712:, but the second Civil War (680–692) in which the Islamic community was split into four parties ( 1614: 587: 102: 15151: 9602:

Merlin L. Swartz: "A Seventh-Century (A.H.) Sunnī Creed: The ʿAqīda Wāsiṭīya of Ibn Taymīya" in

9501: 8297: 7423: 7417: 7255: 5724:

are six books containing collections of hadiths. Sunni Muslims accept the hadith collections of

3166: 1814:

with further positive additions. Abu al-Hasan al-Ashari used for his own group expressions like

21781: 21676: 21636: 21616: 21473: 21448: 21353: 21326: 21276: 21246: 21236: 21153: 21118: 21103: 21088: 21043: 20978: 20647: 20578: 20483: 20478: 20219: 20142: 19904: 19786: 19710: 19507: 19497: 19356: 19324: 19262: 19233: 18740: 18735: 18519: 18400: 18360: 18145: 17486: 17481: 17461: 17457: 16765: 16343: 16272: 16241: 16171: 15095: 15090: 15008: 14438: 14392: 13781: 13462: 12957: 12618: 12548: 12508: 12493: 12173: 11927: 11832: 11817: 11808: 11687: 11652: 11577: 9566: 7118:

Brodersen: "Sunnitische Identitätssuche im Transoxanien des 5./11. Jahrhunderts." 2019, S. 345.

6429: 6424: 6373: 6315: 5957: 5891: 4800:

is supposed to have read this text, which is shown at the end as the "Doctrine of the Sunnis" (

4664: 4226: 4110: 3654: 3337: 2836: 2819: 2768: 2613: 2544: 1455: 1267: 1249: 1219: 1041: 807: 402: 87: 11229:

From Mecca to Selma: Malcolm X, Islam, and the Journey Into the American Civil Rights Movement

8787: 8730: 8568: 8458: 8425: 8148: 8121:

Among the world's estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite.

8036: 7680: 7312: 7281: 6785: 5882:), Umma has agreed to the foundations of the religion and applications of fiqh, with its four 4068:, for example, contrasted them with the Sunnis as a separate group in his heresiographic work 22022: 21967: 21884: 21836: 21811: 21611: 21433: 21428: 21296: 21286: 21108: 20784: 20722: 20542: 20488: 19909: 19887: 19806: 19747: 19413: 18852: 18703: 17833: 17432: 17344: 16843: 16836: 16758: 16289: 16267: 15018: 14895: 14661: 14315: 13487: 13404: 13150: 13120: 12677: 12573: 12120: 11947: 11697: 11607: 10660: 9389: 8848: 8729:. Ed. Muḥammad Rašād Sālim. Ǧamiʿat al-Imām Muḥammad Ibn-Saʿid, Riad, 1986. Bd. II, S. 221f. 8392: 8030: 7987: 7933: 6798:

as Sunna wa-š-šiʿa au al-Wahhābīya wa-r-Rāfiḍa: Ḥaqāʾiq dīnīya taʾrīḫīya iǧtimaʿīya iṣlaḥīya.

6552: 5526: 5385: 4978:) which exist in each of the names of God mentioned in the Quran: God is alive through life ( 4672: 4559: 3741:. The name derives from "tradition" in its technical sense as translation of the Arabic word 3398: 3344: 3271: 3093: 2988: 2946: 2176: 1036: 861: 645: 600: 120: 17: 18723: 18671: 14356: 11253: 9030: 8786:. Ed. Muḥammad Rašād Sālim. Jamiʿat al-Imām Muḥammad Ibn-Saʿid, Riad, 1986. Bd. VI, S. 379. 8560: 8450: 8417: 8126: 7494: 7396: 6873: 6769: 6621: 5217:

is not created like human speech. Rather, it came from God in an unexplained way as a word (

1660:

as-Sunna wa-š-šiʿa au al-Wahhābīya wa-r-Rāfiḍa: Ḥaqāʾiq dīnīya taʾrīḫīya iǧtimaʿīya iṣlaḥīya

22079: 22012: 22002: 21987: 21894: 21821: 21791: 21766: 21731: 21691: 21686: 21661: 21531: 21453: 21403: 21383: 21373: 21261: 21208: 21183: 21033: 21028: 21008: 20973: 20958: 20902: 20672: 20605: 20573: 20453: 20388: 20254: 20132: 19985: 19865: 19764: 19676: 19644: 19639: 19487: 19219: 18588: 18472: 18056: 17816: 17427: 17371: 17322: 17307: 17160: 16737: 16695: 15946: 15853: 15798: 14102: 13509: 13367: 13292: 13137: 12952: 12800: 12705: 12684: 12543: 12498: 12483: 12032: 11882: 11872: 11857: 11677: 11642: 11632: 11627: 11602: 11163:

Theology and creed in Sunni Islam: the Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and political Sunnism

8952: 8563:

Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism

8453:

Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism

8420:

Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism

8322:

Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism

7157:– Französische Übersetzung André Miquel. Institut Français de Damas, Damaskus, 1963. S. 88. 6409: 6323: 5949: 5778: 5755: 5729: 5369:, except that which he has confirmed. Part of the Sunnis path is to follow the traditions ( 5297:), but also through it for making it a duty through the oral transmission of his prophets. 4656: 3492: 3480: 3405: 3309: 3264: 3229: 3138: 3010: 2881: 2874: 2444: 2423: 2411: 2141: 1687: 488: 38: 18787: 17669: 8704: 6940:. 8. Aufl. Ed. Aḥmad Saʿd Ḥamdān. Wizārat aš-šuʾūn al-islāmīya, Riad, 2003. Bd. I, S. 65. 6255:), and stressed out that they were the ones who in the past rejected the arguments of the 5996:). According to al-Baghdadi, they are composed of two groups, namely the followers of the 1291: 8: 22017: 21992: 21972: 21949: 21876: 21826: 21806: 21721: 21711: 21666: 21626: 21581: 21576: 21566: 21556: 21551: 21546: 21536: 21521: 21516: 21511: 21506: 21501: 21478: 21388: 21363: 21241: 21231: 21193: 21163: 21148: 21133: 21123: 21113: 21078: 21073: 21023: 20968: 20943: 20887: 20744: 20727: 20615: 20610: 20600: 20468: 20269: 20182: 20127: 20103: 19990: 19875: 19833: 19628: 19477: 19105: 18897: 18772: 18551: 18338: 18223: 18151: 18041: 17962: 17789: 17442: 17266: 17112: 16815: 16521: 16181: 16057: 15951: 15767: 15206: 15003: 14774: 14541: 14336: 14107: 13838: 13715: 13354: 12654: 12580: 11922: 11572: 11386: 10863: 10728:

Mustafa Kabha und Haggai Erlich: "Al-Ahbash and Wahhabiyya: Interpretations of Islam" in

10628: 9129: 8048: 5875: 5842: 5746: 5049: 4937:). He has neither taken a companion nor children, neither conceived nor is he conceived. 4566: 3620: 3462: 3222: 3159: 3048: 2939: 2591: 2483: 2180: 2149: 1799:(d. 1064) taught later, that whose who confess to Islam can be divided into four groups: 1231: 1160: 1046: 680: 580: 437: 97: 11272: 10999: 8653: 7762: 6941: 6282:

with the title "Who are the Ahl al-Sunna wa al-jama?" took place in the Chechen capital

5992:. These are the 72 erring sects. The 73rd sect that is the "saved sect" are the Sunnis ( 4478:, or "people of reason", due to their emphasis on scholarly judgment and discourse; and 3782:(metaphorical interpretation). They do not attempt to conceptualize the meanings of the 1874:("Jammatic Sunnite"). This indicates that the Hanbalis were the first to use the phrase 21997: 21977: 21944: 21841: 21831: 21776: 21771: 21701: 21681: 21671: 21656: 21651: 21631: 21601: 21596: 21571: 21561: 21493: 21458: 21443: 21348: 21321: 21311: 21271: 21256: 21251: 21203: 21198: 21138: 21093: 21053: 20948: 20935: 20737: 20717: 20642: 20515: 20338: 20012: 19970: 19811: 19779: 19754: 19681: 19661: 19482: 19430: 19418: 19396: 18988: 18946: 18819: 18644: 18639: 18634: 18433: 18217: 18193: 17572: 17496: 17244: 17190: 16959: 16801: 16688: 16574: 16542: 16514: 16482: 16348: 16262: 16193: 16103: 16039: 15847: 15823: 15500: 15478: 15438: 15280: 15183: 15134: 15100: 14991: 14705: 13583: 13539: 13284: 13097: 12984: 12758: 12719: 12633: 12468: 12431: 12393: 12315: 12190: 11962: 11747: 11622: 11597: 11419: 11406: 8326: 7729: 6335: 6307: 5828: 5823: 5819: 5510: 5439: 5282: 4945:) because he has existed for all eternity and nothing precedes him, and he is endless ( 4684: 4386: 4353: 4345: 3413: 2684: 2191:

his elder son from Fātima to succeed him. Hasan shortly afterward signed a treaty with

1721: 1431: 1070: 1027: 997: 980: 955: 900: 856: 568: 82: 19100: 18649: 18245: 17975: 15346: 14681: 9056: 8847:

Ed. Bassām ʿAlī Salāma al-ʿAmūš. 2. Aufl. Maktabat al-Manār, az-Zarqā', 1996. p. 101.

7374:. New York Chichester West Sussex: A Columbia University Press. p. 526 (kindle). 3792:). In essence, the text of the Qur'an and Hadith is accepted without asking "how" or " 2387:– a Saudi national by birth and harboured by the Taliban – took place, resulting in a 22054: 22048: 21982: 21939: 21929: 21919: 21909: 21816: 21736: 21696: 21621: 21591: 21483: 21438: 21418: 21393: 21368: 21331: 21316: 21291: 21266: 21178: 21128: 21083: 21068: 21048: 21038: 21013: 20953: 20897: 20657: 20433: 20029: 20000: 19924: 19919: 19880: 19818: 19774: 19759: 19742: 19737: 19732: 19671: 19406: 19292: 19058: 19028: 19008: 18829: 18624: 18605: 18600: 18514: 18477: 18198: 18113: 18036: 17934: 17924: 17892: 17880: 17848: 17825: 17807: 17703: 17558: 17466: 17452: 17415: 17403: 17232: 17151: 17103: 17007: 16794: 16787: 16649: 16599: 16475: 16323: 16318: 16223: 16213: 16203: 15876: 15762: 15714: 15557: 15468: 15171: 15161: 15156: 15146: 15141: 14974: 14731: 14697: 14641: 13879: 13818: 13725: 13433: 13297: 13146: 13092: 12988: 12623: 12590: 12518: 12513: 12473: 12461: 12446: 12426: 12327: 12303: 12129: 11952: 11792: 11727: 10644: 9440: 9430: 9329: 9223: 9196: 9137: 9092: 9076: 8992: 8956: 8927: 8622: 8572: 8561: 8521: 8493: 8462: 8451: 8429: 8418: 8396: 8357: 8330: 8272: 8251: 8230: 8072: 8066:

Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims.

7907: 7874: 7841: 7820: 7686: 7659: 7634: 7609: 7584: 7544: 7519: 7454: 7427: 7375: 7318: 7287: 6768:

Ed. Šuʿaib al-Arnāʾūṭ. 11. Aufl. Muʾassasat ar-Risāla, Beirut, 1996. Bd. IV, S. 300.

6682: 6657: 6627: 6577: 6510: 6485: 6460: 6394: 5837: 5601:

According to Sunni doctrine, everything that happens happens through God's decision (

5469:

in order to realize the accuracy of God's righteousness. The leaves with good deeds (

5243: 4870: 4773:

The confession of the Egyptian Hanafi at-Tahāwī (d. 933), also known under the title

4726:, which summarize the most important points in the form of a list in the manner of a 4660: 4551: 4361: 4320: 4264: 3827: 3608: 3316: 3065: 3055: 3002: 2811: 2746: 2699: 2473:

is motivated by political discourse or by traditionalist thought alone. The usage of

2364: 2339:(1263–1328 C.E/ 661–728 A.H), a fervent advocate of the traditions of the Sunni Imam 2282: 2206: 2153: 2145: 2125: 2020: 1558: 1550: 1121: 1107: 1075: 1022: 935: 895: 757: 379: 357: 217: 19512: 19110: 18760: 18482: 13884: 7733: 6070:

in the works of God they stand in the middle between the Qadariyya and the Jabriyya,

5139: 4106: 1682:

derives from the Basric scholar Muhammad Ibn Siri (d. 728). His is mentioned in the

22007: 21889: 21786: 21398: 21358: 21306: 21301: 21218: 21188: 21098: 20988: 20852: 20804: 20799: 20358: 20323: 20296: 20054: 20039: 19914: 19838: 19688: 19666: 19574: 19435: 19214: 19177: 19033: 19018: 18966: 18750: 18730: 18698: 18693: 18664: 18659: 18571: 18561: 18370: 18334: 18326: 18297: 18210: 18130: 18125: 18088: 18078: 18004: 17942: 17784: 17621: 17471: 17129: 16857: 16730: 16723: 16528: 16489: 16461: 16353: 16338: 16088: 15793: 15515: 15453: 15443: 15433: 15418: 15166: 15069: 15041: 14929: 13694: 13668: 13371: 13044: 12947: 12788: 12670: 12523: 12503: 12488: 12053: 11712: 11480: 11207:

Nuruzzaman, Mohammed. "Conflicts in Sunni Political Islam and Their Implications."

11035:

Muʾtamar bi-l-Kuwait raddan ʿalā Ġurūznī as-salaf hum as-sunna... wa-lā li-ṯ-ṯaurāt

9072: 8984: 8948: 8388: 7719: 6647: 6605:

Tayeb El-Hibri, Maysam J. al Faruqi (2004). "Sunni Islam". In Philip Mattar (ed.).

6389: 5814: 5742: 5725: 5546: 5406: 5255: 4739: 4652: 3806: 3383: 3358: 3351: 2340: 2239: 1855: 1510: 1186: 920: 915: 866: 851: 836: 745: 624: 352: 19651: 11131: 7002:. Hrsg. von M. J. de Goeje. Brill, Leiden, 1879–1901. Bd. III, S. 1114, Zeile 4–8 5620:

God has written the things predestined for the creatures on the well-kept tablet (

2418:

to re-establish a Sunni caliphate was seen in the emergence of the militant group

1708:

in this statement is not related to the first Civil War (665–661) after murder of

22058: 20682: 20662: 20152: 20044: 20034: 19703: 19371: 19162: 19142: 19073: 19038: 18971: 18755: 18681: 18654: 18629: 18566: 18529: 18317: 18260: 18031: 17548: 17349: 17275: 17215: 17170: 17139: 17021: 16822: 16744: 16560: 16496: 16452: 16279: 15976: 15921: 15721: 15407: 15367: 15256: 15212: 14986: 14769: 14656: 14238: 13588: 13573: 13535: 13502: 13477: 13391: 13338: 13239: 13234: 13210: 13124: 13027: 12974: 12969: 12456: 12359: 12354: 12337: 12298: 12238: 12195: 12002: 11932: 11737: 11485: 11260: 11138:

Islamic reform and conservatism: Al-Azhar and the evolution of modern Sunni Islam

11117:

The History of the Sunni and Shia Split: Understanding the Divisions within Islam

11008: 9591:

La profession de foi d'Ibn Taymiyya, texte, trad. et commentaire de la Wāsiṭiyya.

9133: 8662: 8351: 8320: 7578: 7541:

The Early Abbasid Caliphate: A Political History (Routledge Revivals) 1st Edition

7448: 6844:

Muslim tradition. Studies in chronology, provenance and authorship of early ḥadīṯ

6818:

The Sunna and Shi'a in history. Division and ecumenism in the Muslim Middle East.

6748:. Ed. Akram Ḍiyāʾ al-ʿUmarī. 3 Bde. Bagdad: Maṭbaʿat Aršād 1975. Bd. II, p. 813. 6180: 5989: 5851: 5787: 5769: 5760: 5700:

The Quran as it exists today in book form was compiled by Muhammad's companions (

5550: 5069: 4876: 4861: 4812: 4707: 4544: 4493: 4337: 3914: 3810: 3435: 3278: 3187: 2978: 2971: 2706:

cannot be derived from human reason, but that God's commands, as revealed in the

2688: 2454: 2415: 2384: 2323: 2032: 1717: 1621:. It is also passed down by asch-Shaʿbī, that he took offensive at the hatred on 1502: 1210: 1102: 1055: 871: 831: 820: 802: 705: 650: 563: 443: 362: 92: 14378: 10882: 9375:

Sufisticated:Exploring post-Tariqa Sufi expression amongst young British Muslims

7482:] (in Urdu). Karachi Pakistan: Majlis-e-Nashriyat-e-Islam. pp. 218–382. 5874:

One of the most important teaching institutions of Sunni Islam worldwide is the

5505:. With this teaching the Sunnis set themselves apart from the Muʿtazilites, the 4789: 2714:(the practices of Muhammad and his companions as recorded in the traditions, or 2110: 1929: 1835: 20809: 20697: 20637: 20353: 20328: 20113: 20017: 19899: 19843: 19796: 19209: 19157: 19053: 19023: 19003: 18998: 18993: 18976: 18872: 18792: 18765: 18718: 18708: 17720: 17383: 17366: 17185: 17165: 17134: 17028: 16963: 16926: 16716: 16567: 16391: 16108: 15961: 15803: 15505: 14791: 14710: 14576: 14553: 14536: 14382: 14307: 14231: 13752: 13658: 13267: 13222: 13217: 13068: 13037: 12942: 12825: 12663: 12416: 12349: 12342: 12332: 12180: 11917: 11778: 11707: 11682: 11542: 11475: 11391: 11233: 9493: 9373: 8816: 8513: 8485: 7929: 6434: 6376: 6339: 6311: 6287: 6165: 5707: 5462: 5366: 5263: 4855: 4827:) and deals first with the doctrine of God and then the other doctrinal points. 4676: 4632: 4536: 4474: 4280: 3886: 3786:

rationally, and believe that their realities should be consigned to God alone (

3682: 3100: 3079: 2798: 2734:

over human free will and they believe that the Quran is eternal and uncreated.

2583: 2407: 2278: 2243: 2231: 2161:, and in the words of El-Hibri through "the use of religious charity revenues ( 2137: 2103:

after the murder of Ali, until the caliphate was constitutionally abolished in

2099:, though they did not include anyone in the list of the rightly guided ones or 1153: 1015: 1002: 960: 905: 519: 294: 222: 17985: 14751: 14558: 13745: 11110:

Sectarian war: Pakistan's Sunni-Shia violence and its links to the Middle East

8678:. Ed. ʿĀṣim Ibrāhīm al-Kaiyālī. Dār al-kutub al-ʿilmīya, Beirut, 2005. p. 347. 7724: 7707: 7565:

The Khilafat Movement: Religious Symbolism and Political Mobilization in India

6000:

and the followers of the hadith. They agreed on the fundamentals of religion (

5222: 1807:, Murjites, Shites, Kharijites. The Muʿtazilites replaced the Qadarites here. 22073: 20732: 20286: 20167: 19559: 19554: 19502: 19339: 19277: 19172: 19063: 18961: 18892: 18824: 18814: 18777: 18713: 18610: 18576: 18494: 18390: 18353: 18272: 18180: 17631: 17582: 17287: 16919: 16829: 16613: 16294: 16121: 15971: 15510: 15473: 15448: 15285: 14715: 14645: 14625: 14587: 14206: 14191: 13955:

Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥāmmad ibn Karrām ibn Arrāk ibn Huzāba ibn al-Barā’ as-Sijjī

13762: 13687: 13497: 13458: 13445: 13420: 13326: 13115: 13087: 12964: 12918: 12836: 12535: 12436: 12421: 12411: 12246: 12208: 12185: 12147: 12058: 11788: 11782: 11772: 11760: 9444: 9182: 9064: 7603: 6581: 6228: 6033:

theory, you hold exactly the middle between the two extreme positions of the

5846: 5443: 5380:) such as the splitting of the moon. The most obvious miracle is the Quran's 5247: 5182: 5098: 4597: 4589: 4555: 4496:

school representing tradition, and a broader, middle school encompassing the

4480: 4357: 4186: 4114: 3987: 3814: 3801: 3760: 3556: 3498: 3486: 3474: 3215: 3124: 2961: 2722: 2605: 2388: 2347:

resulted in the radicalisation of Afghan refugees in Pakistan who fought the

2336: 2188: 1863: 1647: 1646:

as a group-name for Sunnis is a relatively young phenomenon. It was probably

1080: 985: 945: 304: 237: 212: 207: 19401: 14677: 11145:

Understanding 'Sectarianism': Sunni-Shi'a Relations in the Modern Arab World

5866: 4850:. Traditionally, these Sunni articles of faith have included the following: 2665:, i.e. who refrain from interpreting the ambiguous statements of the Quran. 20872: 20774: 20630: 20318: 20313: 20291: 20281: 20162: 19594: 19529: 19472: 19457: 19423: 19048: 18956: 17952: 17843: 17838: 17689: 17659: 17533: 17501: 17249: 17220: 17207: 16912: 16875: 16468: 16381: 16306: 15956: 15808: 15686: 15402: 15251: 15236: 14950: 14743: 14672: 14460:

Abū’l-Huzayl Muḥāmmad ibn al-Huzayl ibn Abdillāh al-Allāf al-Abdī al-Bāsrī

14400: 14373: 14364: 14264: 13741: 13557: 13492: 13185: 13082: 13073: 12979: 12733: 12401: 12320: 12251: 12115: 11612: 11552: 11527: 11508: 10732:

38/4 (2006) 519–538. Hier p. 527f. und Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd ar-Razzāq ad-Darwīš:

7422:. New York, London, Toronto, Sydney, Auckland: Anchor (Doubleday). p. 6212: 6045: 5764: 5751: 5689: 5502: 5434:) that precede the day of resurrection. This includes the emergence of the 5061: 5018:) or which his prophet ascribed to him. And every attribute that he or his 4897: 4835: 4742:, in which he defined "the characteristics of the believer of the Sunnis" ( 4703: 4636: 4138: 4042: 3877:

alone. For example, Murtadā az-Zabīdī (d. 1790) wrote in his commentary on

3837: 3674: 3658: 3598: 2726: 2695:

wrote on the creed discussing it and agreeing upon some of its principles.

2306: 1862:, to which the Mutazilite Abu al-Qasim al-Balchi wrote a refutation later. 1696: 1651: 1580: 1356: 1141: 1087: 824: 556: 545: 478: 458: 372: 286: 19095: 17740: 16402: 14410: 13903: 13523: 10972:

Wahhabism and the Rise of the New Salafis. Theology, Power and Sunni Islam

6944:– Engl. Übers. bei Juynboll: "An Excursus on ahl as-sunnah". 1998, S. 319. 6135: 6081: 5209:

individable and can not be split by the transmition from heart to paper.

5119:

whispers doubts to humans and hits them, as the Quran states. But humans,

4539:

later reaffirmed the official status of four schools as a reaction to the

4315:) in the knowledge, ethics and purification of the interior, according to 4061: 3865:

There were also Muslim scholars who wanted to limit the Sunni term to the

2309:, a dynastic absolute monarchy that championed the reformist doctrines of 1650:, who used the short-term for the first time. It was later popularized by 20794: 20769: 20588: 20556: 20547: 20493: 20423: 20408: 20301: 20192: 19853: 19801: 19589: 19307: 19287: 19127: 19068: 18806: 18802: 18615: 18103: 18051: 18021: 17858: 17712: 17604: 17393: 17329: 17280: 15933: 15423: 15331: 15118: 14725: 14447: 14415: 14360: 14226: 13924: 13889: 13871: 13663: 13400: 13330: 13010: 12478: 12451: 12441: 12378: 12283: 12273: 12268: 12100: 12083: 11907: 11822: 11662: 11537: 11293: 6567: 6104: 5981: 5961: 5782: 5685: 4624: 4577: 4512: 4485: 4456: 4381: 3818: 3793: 3208: 2788: 2731: 2659:. Only those "people of the Hadith" are assigned to Sunnism who practice 2399: 2372: 2368: 2274: 2210: 2133: 2117: 2028: 1804: 1783: 1778:(d. 797) for a person, who distances himself from the teachings of Shia, 1763:, used sometimes one expression and sometimes another for his own group. 1655: 1514: 841: 765: 55: 20108: 20049: 19152: 18546: 18365: 17914: 8884:(Lahore: Suhail Academy, 2005; first imp. 1983, second imp. 1999), p. 16 7891: 7871:

in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God

7268:

Modern Trends in Islamic Theological Discourse in 20th Century Indonesia

5532: 5446:. Jesus, the son of Mary, will descend from heaven and kill the Dajjal. 4003: 2258: 2079:

or "Rightly-Guided Ones". Sunni recognition includes the aforementioned

1858:

Harb ibn Ismail as-Sirjdshani (d. 893) created a writing with the title

1602: 20760: 20755: 20625: 20620: 20583: 20561: 20418: 20398: 20393: 20234: 20224: 20187: 19791: 19569: 19517: 19257: 18902: 18882: 18418: 18343: 18282: 18046: 18026: 17947: 17599: 17567: 17538: 17317: 17312: 17297: 16236: 15318: 15275: 15246: 14369: 14166: 13947: 13893: 13791: 13729: 13680: 13646: 13599: 13520: 13453: 13440: 13358: 13334: 13263: 13168: 13110: 13032: 12935: 12308: 12072: 12068: 11902: 11827: 11803: 11768: 11722: 11657: 11617: 11592: 11547: 11532: 11522: 11264: 10808:

Religious Politics in Turkey: From the Birth of the Republic to the AKP

10795:

Religious Politics in Turkey: From the Birth of the Republic to the AKP

10782:

Religious Politics in Turkey: From the Birth of the Republic to the AKP

9578: 8979:(2014). "Sunni Schools of Jurisprudence". In Emad El-Din Shahin (ed.). 8976: 7782:"Cologne rally: As many as 10,000 Muslims to protest Islamic extremism" 6369: 6352:

were excluded from Sunni Islam. In response to this, various prominent

6174: 6096: 5985: 5973: 5832: 5773: 5554: 5148: 4805: 4620: 4593: 4540: 4528: 4497: 4390: 4373: 4365: 4268: 4218: 4026: 3922: 3902: 3878: 3867: 3841: 3551: 3017: 2762: 2754: 2692: 2674: 2609: 2518: 2440: 2298: 2235: 2227: 2214: 2129: 2068: 1891: 1882: 1842:) and claimed, they are the "people of truth, religion and community" ( 1779: 1743:, insisted that this were "righteous people and people of the Sunnah" ( 1736: 1584: 1566: 1541:") should be consulted to resolve the conflict. The time when the term 1447: 1362: 1263: 888: 290: 19599: 18438: 12153:

Abū’l-Hūsayn Abdūrrāhīm ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Uthmān al-Hayyāt (Hayyātīyya)

12012:

Abū Abdirrahmān Bishr ibn Ghiyāth ibn Abī Karīma al-Marīsī al-Baghdādī

11022:"The Conference of Ulama in Grozny: the Reaction of the Islamic World" 5405:

According to Sunni doctrine, people are questioned in their graves by

5097:

has the mission to transmit God's revelations to chosen Prophets. The

4820: 4562:, recognize the Ẓāhirīs and keep the number of Sunni schools at five. 4014:). In his opinion, this includes all Islamic groups except the Shiite 20702: 20498: 20413: 20403: 20274: 20229: 20214: 20147: 19995: 19462: 19384: 19344: 19334: 19297: 19272: 19252: 19147: 19013: 18867: 18857: 18619: 18539: 18534: 18445: 18255: 18240: 18205: 18188: 18170: 18083: 17863: 17779: 17758: 17753: 17730: 17725: 17684: 17679: 17616: 17553: 17476: 17447: 17398: 17339: 17292: 15941: 15372: 15314: 15261: 15129: 14629: 14617: 14595: 14526: 14439:

Abū Abdi’l-Lāh Ahmad ibn Abī Du'ad Faraj ibn Carīr ibn Mâlik al-Iyādī

14430: 14331: 14276: 14201: 13855: 13850: 13776: 13720: 13466: 13321: 13314: 13190: 13101: 13015: 12995: 12840: 12781: 12293: 12261: 12216:

Abū ʿAbdillāh al-Husayn ibn Muḥāmmad ibn ʿAbdillāh an-Najjār ar-Rāzī

12104: 11982: 11897: 11892: 11702: 11667: 11562: 11557: 9517: 9424: 9257:"The saints go marching out as the face of Islam hardens in Pakistan" 9124:, "An Overview of al-Sadiq al-Madhi's Islamic Discourse". Taken from 7342: 6995: 6240: 6185: 6038: 5977: 5904: 5855: 5791: 5632: 5506: 5246:

of God is also part of the Sunni faith. The first of the prophets is

5144: 5042: 4727: 4690:

The movement emphasizes personal devotion to and oneness of God i.e.

4628: 4349: 4341: 4308: 3983: 3910: 3891: 3822: 3778: 3573: 3428: 2953: 2772: 2556: 2348: 2318: 2314: 2184: 1964: 1760: 1663: 1310: 1270:

and subsequently acquired broader political significance, as well as

787: 419: 367: 244: 18135: 17664: 14620: 11179:(Strategic Studies Institute, United States Army War College, 2017) 7027:

Ed. F. Wüstenfeld. Brockhaus, Leipzig, 1866–1870. Bd. III, S. 213f.

6482:

The Status of Women Under Islamic Law and Modern Islamic Legislation

5034: 4190:): Their principles are based on the hearing-based evidence, namely 2359:. After the fall of communist regime in Afghanistan and the ensuing 2220: 1701: 20505: 20249: 20239: 20094: 19584: 19564: 19391: 19267: 19122: 18686: 18408: 18348: 18267: 18175: 18162: 18140: 18120: 18098: 18093: 18073: 18013: 17980: 17919: 17763: 17748: 17626: 17587: 17543: 17334: 17271: 17175: 17078: 16894: 16284: 15780: 15638: 15590: 15384: 15290: 15241: 14969: 14814: 14781: 14636: 14521: 14513: 14302: 13707: 13638: 13561: 13544: 13375: 13362: 13195: 13141: 12923: 12371: 12162: 11995: 11587: 11303: 9216:

Hassankhan, Maurits S.; Vahed, Goolam; Roopnarine, Lomarsh (2016).

7868: 6604: 6360:

in November 2016 under the title "The Correct Meaning of Sunnism" (

6331: 6216: 6034: 5693: 5381: 5314: 5278: 5267: 5229:

originated from God and will return (sc. At the end of times) too.

5190: 5186: 5174: 5081: 5038: 4648: 4616: 4605: 4601: 4434: 4076:

are also differentiated to the Muʿtazilites. In 2010 the Jordanian

4065: 4030: 4018:. Sunnis in the special sense are only the "people of the hadith" ( 3898: 3873: 3702: 3648: 3578: 2636: 2617: 2539: 2499: 2344: 2332: 2328: 2317:. This was followed by a considerable rise in the influence of the 2286: 2158: 2121: 2080: 2076: 1796: 1385: 1378: 1366: 1338: 1330: 1283: 1259: 1097: 1065: 779: 713: 300: 167: 160: 11170:

After the prophet: the epic story of the Shia-Sunni split in Islam

8868:, ed. William C. Chittick (Bloomington: World Wisdom, 2007), p. 76 8860: 8858: 8856: 8019:

Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population

7371:

Parable and Politics in Early Islamic History:The Rashidun Caliphs

5326: 5010: 4038: 2621: 1925:, "because they would adhere to teachings contrary to the Quran". 1774:(adherent to the sunnah). This expression was used for example by 1325:

rulings are derived from these basic sources, in conjunction with

20779: 20378: 20343: 20264: 20177: 20118: 20022: 19725: 19579: 19329: 19282: 19167: 19043: 18862: 18287: 18250: 18061: 17611: 17577: 17420: 17121: 16299: 15895: 15583: 15463: 15341: 15336: 15323: 15307: 15300: 15295: 15027: 14819: 14799: 14760: 14605: 14452:

Abū Hāshīm Abdu’s-Salām ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb al-Jubbā'ī

14396: 14348: 14195: 14185: 13910: 13859: 13813: 13651: 13548: 13449: 13428: 13307: 13302: 13177: 13128: 13056: 13005: 12726: 12605: 12278: 12092: 12024: 11414: 8520:. Cambridge University Press (Kindle edition). pp. 123–124. 8248:

Being Muslim in Central Asia: Practices, Politics, and Identities

8027:"Sunnis make up over 75 percent of the world's Muslim population" 6816:

Inaugural-Dissertation Köln 1992 und Ofra Bengo und Meir Litvak:

6733:

God's Caliph. Religious authority in the first centuries of Islam

6344: 6161: 6150: 6146: 6107:(d. 1606) continued this idea later. In his anti-Shiite pamphlet 5997: 5924: 5883: 5702: 5466: 5461:

A scales are set up to weigh people's deeds. The scales have two

5410:

inspectors of the grave and their questioning is the first test (

5306: 5271: 5128: 5115:

Unlike the Mutazilites and the Jahmites, the Sunnis believe that

5105: 5094: 5077: 5053: 5045: 5019: 4691: 4532: 4505: 4461: 4438: 4402: 4394: 4169: 3906: 3854: 3846: 3830: 2535: 2403: 2356: 2293:. Pakistan, the most populous Sunni state at its dawn, was later 2266: 2247: 2197: 2043: 1870:, that Ahmad ibn Hanbal attributed to his students the predicate 1382: 1346: 1334: 1279: 1245: 930: 607: 196: 127: 10756:

Rābiṭat al-ʿālam al-islāmī, Mekka o. D. p. 257–260. p. 258

8269:

Theorizing Central Asian Politics: The State, Ideology and Power

6846:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge u. a. 1983. S. 17f. 5561:) after being punished. Al-Ghazālī adds that through the grace ( 5169:

as the speech of God is sent down by the "trustworthy Spirit" (

4838:, by Merlin Swartz into English and by Clemens Wein into German. 4105:

are also part of Sunnism. This view can already be found in the

2691:

and developed in parts of the Islamic world throughout history;

1591:). It is recorded by Masrūq ibn al-Adschdaʿ (d. 683), who was a 1294:, which holds that Muhammad appointed his son-in-law and cousin 20687: 20566: 20551: 20370: 20259: 20244: 20202: 19980: 19858: 19132: 18887: 18877: 18489: 18450: 18292: 17900: 17870: 17594: 16436: 15813: 15787: 15746: 15707: 15624: 15537: 15458: 15360: 15270: 15201: 15196: 14963: 14887: 14824: 14804: 14685: 14649: 13833: 13736: 13673: 13552: 13395: 13349: 12829: 12138:

Abū Mūsā Isā ibn Subeyh (Sabīh) al-Murdār al-Bāsrī (Murdārīyya)

12096: 12043: 11467: 11378: 11271: 10849:. State University of New York Press, Albany, NY, 1998. p. 107. 9068: 8853: 6357: 6283: 6267:

only refer to those Muslims who are Ashʿarites or Maturidites.

6256: 6092: 6088: 5969: 5945: 5522: 5435: 5419: 5362: 5124: 5087: 5073: 5057: 4908: 4695: 4640: 4585: 4581: 4524: 4520: 4501: 4489: 4451: 4442: 4398: 4332: 4316: 4248: 4236: 4222: 4200: 4181: 4146: 4134: 4102: 4096: 4015: 3961: 3850: 3788: 3769: 3743: 3737: 3714: 3698: 3694: 3686: 3678: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3561: 3027: 2715: 2703: 2702:

over human reason. Contrary to the Mu'tazilites, they say that

2661: 2648: 2568: 2552: 2449: 2395: 2335:

movements that revived the doctrines of the Hanbali theologian

2104: 2096: 2088: 2064: 2056: 2012: 1667: 1627: 1546: 1529: 1491: 1488: 1439: 1407: 1350: 1322: 1306: 1287: 1254: 950: 940: 729: 697: 689: 674: 668: 552: 414: 389: 323: 265: 258: 251: 177: 72: 19078: 12003:

Abū Muḥrīz Jahm ibn Ṣafwān ar-Rāsibī as-Samarqāndī at-Tirmidhī

8831:. Muʾassasat at-taʾrīḫ al-ʿArabī, Beirut, 1994. Bd. II, S. 86 7960:

The Future of the Global Muslim Population – Executive Summary

7166:

So Kate Chambers Seelye in ihrer Übersetzung von al-Baghdādīs

6509:(illustrated ed.). B&H Publishing Group. p. 62. 6025:

Islamic groups. An example is the question of predestination (

5898:

Another body that claims to speak on behalf of Sunnism is the

4941:

his creation, God has a timeless nature. He is beginningless (

4029:

and the Ashʿarīyya are Sunnis in the general sense, while the

2469:

could not be found. It remains unclear whether the refusal of

1704:, the hadith was rejected." G.H.A. Juynboll assumed, the term 20383: 20157: 20137: 20122: 19698: 19524: 19319: 19182: 19137: 19117: 18277: 17674: 17520: 17302: 16888: 16062: 15887: 15841: 15829: 15631: 15617: 15576: 15353: 15191: 15048: 15034: 14955: 14918: 14809: 13845: 13470: 13271: 13259: 12061: 12036: 12007: 11396: 11011:

Fatwa Nr. 2370 des ägyptischen Fatwa-Amtes vom 24. Juli 2013.

10881:. Ed. Maǧīd Ḫalaf. Markaz al-Furqān, Kairo, 2004. p. 74, 76. 8665:

Fatwa Nr. 2366 des ägyptischen Fatwa-Amtes vom 24. Juli 2013.

8621:. Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 625. 7419:

After the Prophet:The Epic Story of Shia-Sunni Split in Islam

7254:. Muʾassasat at-taʾrīḫ al-ʿArabī, Beirut, 1994. Bd. II, S. 6 6303: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6248: 6244: 6026: 6013: 6009: 5734: 5606: 5354: 5226: 5214: 5205: 5198: 5166: 5162: 5158: 5116: 5102: 5091: 5023: 5015: 4883: 4723: 4612: 4466: 4291: 4191: 4161: 4155: 4142: 4126: 4083: 4078: 3977: 3931: 3731: 3725: 3720: 3690: 2574: 2548: 2527: 2432: 2290: 2201: 2172: 2163: 2111:

Transition of caliphate into dynastic monarchy of Banu Umayya

2052: 2048: 1963:

actually means, among Muslim scholars. In the Sunni Creed by

1941: 1691: 1622: 1593: 1571: 1463: 1372: 1326: 1302: 1241: 1195: 1092: 970: 661: 619: 612: 535: 527: 409: 331: 314: 137: 132: 11188:

Localism, War, and the Fragmentation of Sunni Islam in Syria

11095:

though some scholars view this translation as inappropriate.

8943:

Rabb, Intisar A. (2009). "Fiqh". In John L. Esposito (ed.).

8492:. Cambridge University Press (Kindle edition). p. 130. 7604:

Ian Harris; Stuart Mews; Paul Morris; John Shepherd (1992).

5493:

The teachings of the Sunnis also include the vision of God (

4543:

character of their ideological and political archrival, the

4285:

muḥaddiṯhūn), the Sufis, the Ashʿarites and the Māturīdites.

2167:) to subsidise family interests, which Uthman justified as ' 20308: 20197: 18108: 17047: 15728: 15700: 15650: 15597: 15542: 15055: 14503:

Abū’l-Kāsīm Abdullāh ibn Ahmad ibn Māhmūd al-Balhī al-Kā‘bī

12047: 12042:

Abū Muḥāmmad (Abū’l-Hākem) Heshām ibn Sālem al-Jawālikī al-

11972: 10750:Ḥukm al-ḫilāf al-ʿaqadī wa-l-fiqhī wa-t-taʿaṣṣub al-maḏhabī 8876: 8874: 8227:

Muslim in Central Asia: Practices, Politics, and Identities

7904:

Dissent on Core Beliefs: Religious and Secular Perspectives

6607:

The Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa

6201: 6125: 6056: 6030: 5953: 5659:), the hour he dies, his deeds and whether he is a damned ( 5538: 5358: 5357:

and Non-Arabs as well as sent to the general public of the

5330: 5120: 4915:) God, besides whom there is no other deity. He is single ( 4815:(d. 1111) in his second book of his religious encyclopedia 4699: 4449:

There are many intellectual traditions within the field of

4414: 4340:, and some of the largest and most widespread included the 4206: 4130: 4034: 3901:(d. 1064) said that Abu l-Hasan al-Ashʿarī belonged to the 2380: 2376: 2352: 2187:. After he was murdered, his followers immediately elected 2084: 2004: 1598: 1562: 1396: 1318: 1314: 1275: 1201: 721: 629: 327: 200: 172: 147: 142: 14463:

Abū Ma‘n Sūmāma ibn Ashras an-Nūmayrī al-Bāsrī al-Baghdādī

9577:

Ed. Ašraf ibn ʿAbd al-Maqṣūd. Aḍwāʾ as-salaf, Riad, 1999.

8594:

Hadith: Muhammad's Legacy in the Medieval and Modern World

8548:. Cambridge University Press (Kindle edition). p. 53. 6156: 6140:ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Baghdādī portrays the Sunnis in his work 5513:

who consider the vision of God intellectually impossible.

5438:, the rising of the sun in the west, the emergence of the 5022:

has ascribed to him is a real attribute, not an attribute

4819:. It is headed "The Sunni Creed in the Two Phrases of the 3821:

found a middle ground between Mu'tazilite rationalism and

2477:

is another notable characteristic of modern Sunni tafsir.

2453:(exegetic treatises) downplay the earlier significance of 1894:(d. 855)) dayed about themselves, that they are among the 1583:(680–92) the Sunna-term received connotations critical of 20207: 20172: 18847: 18184: 12406: 10956:

Fatāwā al-Laǧna ad-dāʾima li-l-buḥūṯ al-ʿilmīya wal-iftāʾ

10734:

Fatāwā al-Laǧna ad-dāʾima li-l-buḥūṯ al-ʿilmīya wal-iftāʾ

9215: 8145:

Lawāmiʿ al-anwār al-bahīya wa-sawāṭiʿ al-asrār al-aṯarīya

7658:(Tenth ed.). Macmillan Education. pp. 689–741. 6112: 5565:) of God no monotheist remains in hell for all eternity. 5415: 5109: 4519:

in Egypt delineated the acceptable Sunni schools as only

4472:

Many traditional scholars saw Sunni Islam in two groups:

4230:

dogmatic questions, except for the question of creation (

4052:) who have agreed on the Sunnah belonged to this circle. 3853:

currents and have spread well beyond the confines of the

2655:). It is used, for example, in the final document of the 2095:

as the fourth. Sunnis recognised different rulers as the

2092: 1975:("division, sectarianism"). Thus at-Tahāwī explains that 1506: 1418: 1295: 182: 12148:

Abū Alī Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb ibn Sallām al-Jubbā'ī

10819:

Juynboll: "An Excursus on ahl as-sunnah". 1998, p. 323f.

8871: 8766:

Dāʾirat al-Iftāʾ fī l-Mamlaka al-Urdunnīya al-Hāšimīya:

8147:. Muʾassasat al-Ḫāfiqain, Damaskus, 1982. Bd. I, S. 73. 8127:

Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide

8033:"Sunni, accounts for over 75% of the Islamic population" 7153:

Ed. M. J. de Goeje. 2. Aufl. Brill, Leiden 1906. S. 37.

6735:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986. S. 59–61. 3929:, unless they openly disapprove of the doctrines of the 2503:

Countries by percentage of population practicing Islam.

11001:

Ramy al-Ašāʿira bi-l-ḫurūǧ ʿan ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa

10832:

S. 38f. – Engl. Übers. Chambers Seelye S. 38 (the term

9126:

The Blackwell Companion to Contemporary Islamic Thought

8596:. Oneworld Publications (Kindle edition). p. 180. 8025:

Sue Hellett;U.S. should focus on sanctions against Iran

6914:

Juynboll: "An Excursus on ahl as-sunnah". 1998, S. 321.

6903:

Al-Māturīdī und die sunnitische Theologie in Samarkand.

6136:

As the essential bearers of Islamic science and culture

5968:("The difference between the sects") that there are 20 4121:

he divided the Sunnis into eight different categories (

3969:

I don't hold that we should say that they are not from

2559:

since it was the companions who were given the task of

17090: 11250:

Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association

6184:

on the other, who exclude each other from Sunnism. In

6084:

on the one hand and Murji'a and Jahmiyya on the other,

4754:

The two creeds of Abu l-Hasan al-Ashʿarī in his works

3758:

Adherents of traditionalist theology believe that the

3657:(d. 944), the Maturidiyyah was the major tradition in 2253: 1525:. After the battle, it was agreed that "the righteous 12200:

Abū Amr Ḍirār ibn Amr al-Gatafānī al-Kūfī (Ḍirārīyya)

12163:

Abū Uthmān Amr ibn Bhār ibn Māhbūb al-Jāhiz al-Kinānī

9617:

Die islamische Glaubenslehre (ʿAqīda) des Ibn Taimīya

8813:

Taḥrīr al-maṭālib fīmā taḍammanathū ʿAqīdat Ibn Ḥāǧib

8546:

The Cambridge Companion to Classical Islamic Theology

6872:. Ed. Muḥammad Zāhid al-Kauṯarī. Kairo, 1949. S. 38. 6454: 6243:

that the Ashʿarites were not Sunnis was subject of a

5573:), and if he wants, he punishes them in his justice ( 5533:

Release of the monotheists from hell and intercession

5488: 5430:

Another point of belief are the "signs of the hour" (

4911:, the belief in the oneness of God. God is a single ( 2643:

as an alternative term. For the Maturidiyya he gives

2075:

The first four caliphs are known among Sunnis as the

1955:

There are different opinions regarding what the term

1198: 1192: 14435:

Abū Sahl Bīshr ibn al-Mu‘tamīr al-Hilālī al-Baghdādī

12033:

Abu’l-Hassan Muqātil ibn Sulaymān ibn Bashīr al-Azdī

11190:(Carnegie Endowment for International Peace., 2019) 10371: 10369: 10286: 10284: 9528:. Edinburgh Univ. Press, Edinburgh, 1994. pp. 56–60. 9305:"Noted Sufi heads denounce fatwa issued by Barelvis" 8829:

Itḥāf as-sāda al-muttaqīn bi-šarḥ Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn

7252:

Itḥāf as-sāda al-muttaqīn bi-šarḥ Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn

7089:

Er kommt bei ihm nur einmal vor, nämlich al-Ašʿarī:

6219:

as part of Sunnism. An example is the Saudi scholar

5497:) in the hereafter, which has similarities with the 4746:). The text is handed down in two works in the work 4722:

The doctrines of the Sunnis are recorded in various

4072:. In many medieval texts from the Islamic East, the 3729:) in favor of strict textualism in interpreting the 3723:

scholars who reject rationalistic Islamic theology (

2725:

and the divine attributes, the Ash'ari rejected the

1536: 1527: 1519: 1482: 1461: 1453: 1445: 1437: 1429: 1370: 1354: 1224: 10223:. 2005, p. 108. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. pp. 77f. 8318: 6209:

Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta

6004:). There were only differences in the derivations ( 3719:Traditionalist or Athari theology is a movement of 2718:), are the sole source of all morality and ethics. 1810:In the 9th century, one started to extent the term 1236:'The People of the Sunnah') is the largest 1189: 14479:Abū Bakr Muḥāmmad ibn Abdillāh ibn Shabīb al-Basrī 14427:Abū Amr (Abū Mu‘tamīr) Muāmmar ibn Abbād as-Sūlamī 12141:Hīshām ibn Amr al-Fuwātī ash-Shaybānī (Hīshāmīyya) 11128:Journal of Social, Political, and Economic Studies 10736:. Dār al-ʿĀṣima, Riad, 1996. Bd. XII, p. 308–323. 10572: 10570: 9814: 9812: 9732:. 2005, S. 106. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 73f. 9544: 9542: 9540: 9538: 9536: 9534: 9486:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn wa-iḫtilāf al-muṣallīn. 9186: 8612: 8378: 7811: 7809: 7807: 7091:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn wa-iḫtilāf al-muṣallīn. 6978: 6976: 6613: 6568:"Muslims May Have Overtaken Catholics a While Ago" 6504: 4433:(also known as the Mosque of Uqba) in the city of 4055: 13967:Haisamīyya (Abū ʿAbdallāh Muhammad ibn al-Haisam) 10919:Dhuhri: "The Text of Conservatism". 2016, p. 46f. 10496:. 2005, S. 108. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. S. 76. 10379:. 2005, S. 110. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 78. 10366: 10281: 10051:. 2005, p. 108. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 77. 9793:. 2005, S. 107. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 76. 9706:. 2005, S. 108. – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 76. 8926:, p. 116. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. 8745:. Dār Ibn al-Ǧauzī, Dammam, 2006. Bd. XI, S. 306 8181:Abschlussdokument der Grosny-Konferenz von 2016, 8101:"Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA" 6619: 6551:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from 4213:The people of theory and the intellectual trade ( 2221:Caliphate and the dynastic monarchy of Banu Abbās 1690:quoted with: "Formerly one did not ask about the 1353:, the Sunni tradition upholds the six pillars of 22071: 12896: 12130:Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm ibn Sayyār ibn Hāni’ an-Nazzām 10928:Dhuhri: "The Text of Conservatism". 2016, p. 49. 9918:. 2005, S. 107 – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. S. 75. 9895: 9893: 9891: 9889: 9693:. 2005, S. 106 – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. p. 73. 9680:. 2005, S. 106 – Engl. Übers. Watt. 1994. S. 73. 9659: 9657: 9655: 9653: 9651: 9325:The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions 9177: 9175: 8686: 8684: 8649: 8647: 8645: 8544:(2008). "The early creed". In Tim Winter (ed.). 8158: 8156: 6542: 6008:) from the norms regarding the question of what 5939: 5112:(lit. spirits) of the inhabitants of the world. 3809:. In matters of faith, they were pitted against 2371:and formed a government under the leadership of 14294:Abū Abdillāh Mugīre ibn Sāīd al-ʿIjlī el-Bajalī 12144:Abū Sahl Abbād ibn Sulaimān (Salmān) as-Sāymarī 10663:, "Hadith Criticism: History and Methodology". 10567: 10257: 10255: 10043: 10041: 10039: 10037: 10035: 10033: 9809: 9783: 9781: 9779: 9777: 9531: 8815:. Muʾassasat al-Maʿārif, Beirut, 2008. S. 40f. 7923: 7830: 7804: 6973: 6857:Religion and politics under the early ʿAbbāsids 6507:What You Need to Know about Islam & Muslims 6459:(2, revised ed.). Routledge. p. 252. 5596: 4277:that the Sunnis consisted of four groups (firaq 2035:and dialogue but does not emphasize that much. 10958:. Dār al-ʿĀṣima, Riad, 1996. Bd. II, S. 165f. 10517: 10515: 10431:. 1995, p. 11, 27. – Engl. Übers. Watt 49, 55. 10059: 10057: 9952: 9950: 9948: 9946: 9944: 9942: 9928: 9926: 9924: 9862: 9860: 9619:. Inaugural-Dissertation Bonn 1973. S. 70–101. 9426:Madrasas in South Asia : teaching terror? 8897:(Bloomington: World Wisdom, 2008, p. 4, note 2 8811:Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn al-Qāsim al-Bakkī: 8802:pp. 272–274. – Engl. Übers. Halkin S. 159–163. 8768:al-Ašāʿira hum ǧumhūr ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 8442: 8201:"Fethullah Gülen and Al-Ghazzali on Tolerance" 8039:"probably 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni" 7056: 7054: 6812:So zum Beispiel bei Mohammad Heidari-Abkenar: 6677:Jafri, Syed Husain Mohammad (27 August 1976). 6620:Fitzpatrick, Coeli; Walker, Adam Hani (2014). 5376:Muhammad's prophethood is proven by miracles ( 4694:and the finality of prophethood, adherence to 1538:as-Sunna al-ʿādila al-ǧāmiʿa ġair al-mufarriqa 17063: 16418: 14903: 12875:List of contemporary Muslim scholars of Islam 12225:Abū ʿAbdallāh Ibnū’z-Zā‘farānī (Zā‘farānīyya) 11319: 11220:Understanding Arabs: A guide for modern times 10987:. Dār Ibn al-Ǧauzī, ad-Dammām, 2001. p. 53f. 10580:. 1992, Bd. XV, S. 281. – Dt. Übers. Mez 200. 9886: 9822:. 1992, Bd. XV, S. 280. – Dt. Übers. Mez 199. 9648: 9552:. 1992, Bd. XV, S. 280. – Dt. Übers. Mez 198. 9172: 9024: 8981:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics 8735: 8681: 8642: 8480: 8478: 8349: 8153: 7151:Kitāb Aḥsan at-taqāsīm fī maʿrifat al-aqālīm. 7072: 7070: 6415:International Islamic Unity Conference (Iran) 5638: 5454:On Day of the Resurrection the resurrection ( 5337:) and the beloved of the Lord of the Worlds ( 3628: 1936:a laudatory term during his time, similar to 1932:(end of the 10th century) was the expression 1678:One of the earliest supporting documents for 1561:, several political movements, including the 1161: 496: 11014: 10730:International Journal of Middle East Studies 10665:Studies in Hadith Methodology and Literature 10252: 10093:. 1999, p. 128. – German transl. Wein p. 98. 10030: 9906: 9774: 9667:. 1963, S. 290. – Dt. Übers. Schacht, S. 56. 9005: 8945:The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World 8409: 8166:. Istanbul 1336h (= 1917/18 n.Chr.). S. 75. 6820:1. Aufl. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2011. 6362:al-Mafhūm aṣ-ṣaḥīḥ li-ahl as-sunna wa-l-jama 3881:"Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn": "When (sc. The term)" 2242:all practised during this time, so also did 1829: 1317:(juristic consensus), form the basis of all 16432: 13973:Ishāqīyya (Abū Yaʿqūb Ishāq ibn Mahmashādh) 10937:Institute for Policy Analysis of Conflict: 10776: 10774: 10512: 10210:. 1999, p. 97. – German transl. Wein p. 87. 10171:. P. 295. - German translation 1931, p. 60. 10119:. 1999, p. 95. – German transl. Wein p. 87. 10054: 9988:. 1999, p. 89. – German transl. Wein p. 86. 9939: 9921: 9857: 9401: 9371: 9067:. Volume three of Brill Classics in Islam. 8845:al-Burhān fī maʿrifat ʿaqāʾid ahl al-adyān. 8540: 8380:"Scripturalist and Traditionalist Theology" 8198: 7705: 7314:Muslim Identities: An Introduction to Islam 7283:Muslim Identities: An Introduction to Islam 7051: 5960:(d. 1037) explains at the beginning of his 5934: 5861: 5651:) for paradise, the others out of justice ( 5422:spoken in their name are a favor for them. 5029: 4875:Belief in Resurrection after Death and the 4825:ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna fī kalimatai aš-šahāda 4297:al-Burhān fī maʿrifat ʿaqāʾid ahl al-adyān 2426:is known among his followers as caliph and 1901:Abu al-Hasan al-Ashari used the expression 1513:with the expression, Ali's political rival 1252:in the world. Its name comes from the word 17070: 17056: 16988:Muqaddimah ibn al-Salah fi 'Ulum al-Hadith 16948:Mirqat al Mafatih Sharh Mishkat al-masabih 16425: 16411: 14910: 14896: 13994:Tarā'ifīyya (Ahmad ibn ʿAbdūs at-Tarā'ifī) 11346: 11326: 11312: 10707: 10705: 10309:. 1995, S. 13–15. – Engl. Übers. Watt 49f. 9771:. S. 290f. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, p. 56f. 9500:. Mohr/Siebeck, Tübingen 1931, pp. 54–61. 8475: 8099:Grossman, Cathy Lynn (24 September 2007). 7990:"some 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni" 7948: 7866:Coeli Fitzpatrick Ph.D., Adam Hani Walker 7453:. Sunnyside: W. Clowes. pp. 163–218. 7317:. Columbia University Press. p. 116. 7286:. Columbia University Press. p. 115. 7246: 7244: 7067: 6938:Šarḥ uṣūl iʿtiqād ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 6897: 6895: 6656:. Cambridge University Press. p. xi. 6223:, who in his 2001 published commentary on 5577:) and then brings them through His mercy ( 5537:According to the Ibn Taimīya's creed, the 5313:), rather, God placed him above all other 4744:sifat al-Mu'min min ahl as-Sunna wa-l-jama 4702:following the four schools, following the 4667:. The movement also drew inspiration from 3978:Sunnism in general and in a specific sense 3635: 3621: 2414:. The latest attempt by a radical wing of 2363:, Taliban wrestled power from the various 2355:forces in Afghanistan giving birth to the 1822:("people of Sunnah and of the Hadith") or 1168: 1154: 503: 489: 10405:. p. 293. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, S. 58f. 10195:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa -l-ǧamāʿa 9960:. 1995, pp. 12–15 – Engl. Übers. Watt 49. 9328:. Oxford University Press. January 2003. 9011:Wilfrid Scawen Blunt and Riad Nourallah, 8989:10.1093/acref:oiso/9780199739356.001.0001 8692:al-Faṣl fi-l-milal wa-l-ahwāʾ wa-n-niḥal. 8558: 8448: 8415: 8376: 8177: 8175: 8073:"Sunnis and Shia: Islam's ancient schism" 7723: 6955:al-Faṣl fi-l-milal wa-l-ahwāʾ wa-n-niḥal. 6111:he quotes a tradition according to which 5988:and furthermore Bakriyya, Dirariyyya and 4706:and Sufi practices such as veneration of 19627: 13596:Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah 12135:Abū Bakr Abdurrahmān ibn Kaysān al-Asāmm 10771: 10593:. p. 293. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, S. 58. 10551:. 1999, S. 106. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 91. 10470:. 1999, S. 105. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 90. 10348:. 1999, S. 101. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 89. 10335:. 1999, S. 100. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 89. 10265:. S. 292. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, S. 58. 10247:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 10156:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 10104:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 9999:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 9903:. S. 296. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, S. 60. 9745:. p. 290. – Dt. Übersetzung 1931, p. 57. 9565:Dār Ibn Ḥazm, Beirut, 2005. S. 106–111. 9181: 8918: 8916: 8098: 7962:. Pew Research Center. 27 January 2011. 7779: 7415: 7367: 7340: 7238:. 1999, S. 128. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 99. 6646: 6600: 6598: 6160: 6073:on the question of the threat from God ( 5865: 5684: 5138: 5033: 4762:. The former is called the teaching of 4488:defined the Sunni schools as three: the 4424: 4070:al-Faṣl fi-l-milal wa-l-ahwāʾ wa-n-niḥal 2598: 2498: 2461:). Half of the Arab commentaries reject 2257: 2042: 1971:contrasts several times the Arabic term 20924: 13819:Nafi ibn al-Azraq al-Hānafī al-Handhalī 10868:Deutsche Übers. Cl. Wein. 1973, S. 84f. 10836:is here translated as "the orthodoxy"). 10702: 10578:Al-Muntaẓam fī sulūk al-mulūk wa-l-umam 10392:. 1995, p. 22f. – Engl. Übers. Watt 53. 10320:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 10296:. 1999, S. 91. – Dt. Übers. Wein S. 86. 10130:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 9820:Al-Muntaẓam fī sulūk al-mulūk wa-l-umam 9550:Al-Muntaẓam fī sulūk al-mulūk wa-l-umam 8969: 8743:Aš-Šarḥ al-mumtiʿ ʿalā Zād al-mustaqniʿ 8619:The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology 8512: 8484: 8385:The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology 7746: 7538: 7492: 7394: 7241: 6892: 6744:Abū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb ibn Sufyān al-Fasawī: 6609:(Second ed.). MacMillan Reference. 6484:(revised ed.). Brill. p. 11. 6157:Contemporary Ashʿarī – Salafī relations 6019: 5677: 4969: 4572:The Ahle Sunnat Barelvi, also known as 1826:("people of Truth and of the Sunnah"). 1601:, a need to love the first two caliphs 14: 22072: 13176: 12819:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity 11225: 11199:A Concise History of Sunnis and Shi'is 10606:. 1995, S. 23. – Engl. Übers. Watt 53. 10538:. 1995, p. 26. – Engl. Übers. Watt 54. 10525:. 1995, S. 16. – Engl. Übers. Watt 51. 10509:. 1995, p. 17. – Engl. Übers. Watt 49. 10483:. 1995, S. 18. – Engl. Übers. Watt 51. 10444:. 1995, S. 10. – Engl. Übers. Watt 49. 10418:. 1995, S. 16. – Engl. Übers. Watt 50. 10278:. 1995, p. 13. Engl. Transl. Watt 49. 10184:. 1995, p. 26. - Engl. Übers. Watt 54. 10145:. 1995, p. 31. – Engl. Übers. Watt 56. 10080:. 1995, p. 11. – Engl. Übers. Watt 49. 10067:. 1995, S. 22. – Engl. Übers. Watt 53. 10027:. 1995, p. 20. – Engl. Übers. Watt 52. 10014:. 1995, p. 16. – Engl. Übers. Watt 51. 9936:. 1995, S. 20. – Engl. Übers. Watt 52. 9870:. 1995, S. 25. – Engl. Übers. Watt 54. 9758:. 1995, p. 19. – Engl. Übers. Watt 52. 9392:, published by Darul Qalam, Delhi 2014 9154:"AmmanMessage.com – The Official Site" 8975: 8610: 8393:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696703.013.025 8172: 7988:Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia 7446: 7310: 7279: 6996:Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. Jarīr aṭ-Ṭabarī 6565: 6286:in August 2016 under the patronage of 5449: 5309:is not only the seal of the prophets ( 5266:directly. The last of the prophets is 5101:is assigned over rain and plants. The 4565: 4307:. In this, he said, they resemble the 4267:stated elsewhere in his commentary on 4243:the people of feeling and revelation ( 3826:masses in some areas, particularly in 3747:. It is also sometimes referred to as 3525:2020 International Maturidi Conference 2200:to succeed him. Upon Muāwiya's death, 1818:("people of Sunna and Straightness"), 20923: 20076: 19626: 17089: 17051: 16406: 16148: 15916: 15532: 14891: 14387:Sovereign State of the Bektashi Order 12895: 11968:Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar 11345: 11307: 11232:. The Islamic Monthly. Archived from 10879:Šamm al-al-ʿawāriḍ fī ḏamm ar-rawāfiḍ 10457:. 1995, S. 9. – Engl. Übers. Watt 48. 9804:ʿUmdat ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-jama 9719:. 1995, p. 9. – Engl. Übers. Watt 48. 9636:from the original on 22 December 2017 9422: 9410:Shah Abd al-Haqq Muhaddith e -Dehlawi 9254: 8936: 8913: 8715:from the original on 25 October 2021. 8705:"Are the Ash'aris from Ahlus-Sunnah?" 8591: 8111:from the original on 10 December 2011 7978: 7749:Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations 7678: 7653: 7606:Contemporary Religions: A World Guide 7576: 7416:Hazleton, Lesley (4 September 2009). 6676: 6595: 6479: 6356:figures held a counter-conference in 5591: 5477:) of God, the leaves with bad deeds ( 4766:, the latter as the teachings of the 3994:between Sunnis in the general sense ( 3519:2016 International Islamic Conference 2031:concept: It means a society open for 2019:). The modern Indonesian theologican 1625:and considered it a violation of the 1381:school. Sunnis regard the first four 1377:(theology) as well as the textualist 15917: 15533: 11333: 11053:. Howiyapress.com 13. November 2016. 10954:Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd ar-Razzāq ad-Darwīš: 9498:Der Islām mit Ausschluss des Qur'āns 9405:Taḥqīqulfatvá fī ibt̤āl al-t̤ug̲h̲vá 9160:from the original on 2 February 2013 9103:from the original on 18 January 2012 9063:, p. 5. Trns. Wolfgang Behn, intro. 9047:, Grande Strategy, January 5th, 2012 9027:"The Role of Ijtihad in Legislation" 8953:10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001 8942: 8655:al-Murād bi-ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 8356:. Kalpaz Publications. p. 174. 7513: 7221:. 1995, S. 31. – Engl. Übers. Watt: 7204:. 1995, S. 24. – Engl. Übers. Watt: 7187:. 1995, S. 24. – Engl. Übers. Watt: 6936:Abū l-Qāsim Hibatallāh al-Lālakāʾī: 6533:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 201 5900:Council of Senior Religious Scholars 5442:from the earth and the excerpt from 5177:. God sent him down as inspiration ( 4907:At the center of the Sunni creed is 4792:and referring to the Abbasid caliph 4125:) of people: 1. the theologians and 4064:are usually not regarded as Sunnis. 3990:(d. 1328) distinguished in his work 3965:issues they have deviated away from 3860: 2152:, Muāwiya's father, right up to the 1735:was always a laudatory designation. 1535:, the unifying, not the divisive" (" 1262:. The differences between Sunni and 1244:, followed by 85–90% of the world's 13607:ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Hārb ibn al-Kindi 10974:. Tauris, London, 2018. p. 144–147. 9475:. 1952, Bd. I, S. 294f und S. 329f. 8947:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 8770:Fatwa Nr. 489 vom 2. Februar 2010. 8387:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 8083:from the original on 9 January 2024 8056:from the original on 27 August 2010 7926:"Organizational Structure Of Islam" 7792:from the original on 6 January 2018 7712:Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 7682:Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam 7543:. Oxon: Routledge. pp. 15–16. 7514:Jafri, Syed Husain Mohammad (976). 7368:El-Hibri, Tayeb (22 October 2010). 6420:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation 6109:Šamm al-alawāriḍ fī ḏamm ar-rawāfiḍ 5908:under control of Wahhabi scholars. 5627:God is righteous in his judgments ( 5425: 5353:). God has him with his message to 5090:fulfil duties assigned by God. The 4784:) mentioned in the world chronicle 4535:, excluding the Ẓāhirī school. The 4397:) were connected with Sufism." The 4215:ahl an-naẓar wa-ṣ-ṣināʿa al-fikrīya 3998:) and Sunnis in the special sense ( 3764:(literal, apparent) meaning of the 2254:Sunni Islam in the contemporary era 1266:arose from a disagreement over the 1214: 24: 20893:Religions and spiritual traditions 17092:Religious groups and denominations 11102: 10939:"The Anti-Salafi Campaign in Aceh" 10711:Final Document of Grozn von 2016, 9236:from the original on 7 August 2021 8924:Introduction to Middle Eastern Law 8031:Iran, Israel and the United States 7956:"Region: Middle East-North Africa" 7928:. The Islamic Center of Columbia ( 7780:Da Silva, Chantel (16 June 2017). 7577:Rogan, Eugene (26 February 2015). 7450:Lives of the Successors of Mahomet 6290:. Numerous religious figures from 5714: 5489:The vision of God in the hereafter 4796:(d. 1031) is returned. The caliph 4714: 4547:. In the contemporary era, former 4101:There is broad agreement that the 3701:followers, there can be found the 2551:, according to Sunnis. Therefore, 2439:Following the puritan approach of 2305:also resulted in the emergence of 2055:is the largest and most important 25: 22091: 13979:Muhājirīyya (Ibrāhīm ibn Muhājir) 9492:– Compare to the translations of 9378:(PhD thesis). Cardiff University. 9128:, p. 172. Ed. Ibrahim Abu-Rabi'. 8908:Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam 8866:The Essential Seyyed Hossein Nasr 8267:Rico Isaacs, Alessandro Frigerio 8207:from the original on 4 March 2010 7966:from the original on 9 March 2013 7906:Cambridge University Press, 2015 7473: 6984:Kitāb al-Ibāna ʿan uṣūl ad-diyāna 6731:Patricia Crone und Martin Hinds: 6722:. 2011, Bd. II, p. 1272. (German) 5553:declare in their creeds that the 4760:Kitāb al-Ibāna ʿan uṣūl ad-diyāna 4669:Shah Abdul Aziz Muhaddith Dehlavi 4393:, Sultan Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Al-Ayyubi ( 4133:scholars, 3. the traditional and 1844:ahl al-ḥaqq wa-d-dīn wa-l-jamāʿah 1638:instead of the longer expression 1248:, and simultaneously the largest 22053: 22044: 22043: 21857:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 20999:Democratic Republic of the Congo 16387: 16386: 16375: 15896:Schools of islamic jurisprudence 15086:Timeline of the history of Islam 14917: 13997:Tūnīyya (Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbdallāh) 12219:Abū Amr (Abū Yahyā) Hāfs al-Fard 12091:Abū Marwān Gaylān ibn Mūslīm ad- 11769:Abū Ḥanīfah al-Nu'mān ibn Thābit 11112:(Oxford University Press, 2011). 11056: 11040: 11028: 10993: 10977: 10964: 10948: 10931: 10922: 10913: 10900: 10887: 10871: 10852: 10839: 10822: 10813: 10800: 10787: 10762: 10742: 10722: 10670: 10654: 10638: 10622: 10609: 10596: 10583: 10554: 10541: 10528: 10499: 10486: 10473: 10460: 10447: 10434: 10421: 10408: 10395: 10382: 10351: 10338: 10325: 10312: 10299: 10268: 10239: 10226: 10213: 10200: 10187: 10174: 10161: 10148: 10135: 10122: 10109: 10096: 10083: 10070: 10017: 10004: 9991: 9978: 9963: 9873: 9852:ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 9841: 9836:ʿAqīdat ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 9825: 9796: 9761: 9748: 9735: 9722: 9709: 9696: 9683: 9670: 9622: 9609: 9596: 9583: 9571: 9555: 9506: 9478: 9465: 9451: 9416: 9402:Khair Abadi, Fazl e Haq (1825). 9395: 9382: 9365: 9356: 9342: 9315: 9297: 9285:from the original on 24 May 2021 9267: 9248: 9209: 9146: 9115: 9085: 9050: 9037: 9018: 8900: 8887: 8837: 8821: 8805: 8792: 8776: 8760: 8751: 8719: 8697: 8668: 7493:Maududi, Abul A'la (July 2000). 7395:Maududi, Abul A'la (July 2000). 7349:from the original on 5 June 2011 5948:, which is to be interpreted as 5913:Directorate of Religious Affairs 4952: 4663:. Shah Abdur Rahim is father of 4492:school representing reason, the 4408: 3921:rejected extremism in excluding 3604: 3603: 3592: 2761: 2687:of Aqeedah was embraced by many 2183:, by Muāwiya and finally by the 1979:is considered as true or right ( 1609:and acknowledge their priority ( 1436:(rightly-guided) and revere the 1258:, referring to the tradition of 1185: 1135: 534: 472: 54: 20459:Evolutionary origin of religion 16934:Al Minhaj bi Sharh Sahih Muslim 16247:List of ex-Muslim organisations 14549:United Submitters International 13828:Abu Bayhas al-Hāytham ibn Jābir 13206:Alid dynasties of northern Iran 12559:Al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi 11140:(Tauris Academic Studies, 2010) 10985:Šarḥ al-Wāsiṭīya li-Ibn Taimīya 9459:"The Barelvī School of Thought" 9350:"The Barelvī School of Thought" 9043:Meinhaj Hussain, A New Medina, 8604: 8585: 8552: 8534: 8506: 8457:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 8370: 8353:Faith & Philosophy of Islam 8343: 8312: 8282: 8261: 8240: 8219: 8192: 8134: 8037:A dictionary of modern politics 7917: 7896: 7884: 7860: 7851: 7773: 7763:"Profile: Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi" 7755: 7740: 7699: 7672: 7647: 7622: 7597: 7570: 7557: 7532: 7507: 7486: 7467: 7440: 7409: 7388: 7361: 7334: 7304: 7273: 7260: 7228: 7211: 7194: 7177: 7160: 7143: 7130: 7121: 7112: 7099: 7083: 7038: 7013: 6989: 6960: 6947: 6930: 6917: 6908: 6879: 6862: 6849: 6836: 6823: 6806: 6790: 6774: 6755: 6738: 6725: 6712: 6699: 6670: 6640: 6400:Index of Islam-related articles 6091:they are in the middle between 5880:manhaǧ ahl as-sunna wa-l-jamāʿa 5400: 5321:). He is God's chosen servant ( 5305:Muhammad from the tribe of the 5134: 5008:) and speaking through Speech ( 4056:Classification of the Muʿtazila 3919:Muhammad Nasir al-Din al-Albani 3776:, as opposed to one engaged in 3303:Muhammad Zakariyya al-Kandhlawi 2246:who elaborated the doctrine of 1739:(d. 769), who sympathized with 1673: 1557:) is still unknown. During the 1496: 1423: 1412: 1401: 1390: 1286:as the next-in-line (the first 20815:Separation of church and state 19468:Polytheistic reconstructionism 14843:Sunni schools of jurisprudence 13856:Abū Yazīd Mukhallad ibn Kayrād 12569:Abu'l-Fawaris Ahmad ibn Ya'qub 12564:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Naysaburi 12222:Muḥāmmad ibn ʿĪsā (Burgūsīyya) 11843:Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari 11298:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 11079: 9848:Muḥammad ibn Ṣāliḥ al-ʿUṯaimīn 9832:Muḥammad ibn Ṣāliḥ al-ʿUṯaimīn 9516:. Dār Ibn Ḥazm, Beirut, 1995. 9255:Boone, Jon (15 January 2014). 9193:The Oxford Dictionary of Islam 9029:. Al-Islam.org. Archived from 8843:ʿAbbās ibn Manṣūr as-Saksakī: 8567:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 8518:A History of Islamic Societies 8490:A History of Islamic Societies 8424:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 7708:"A Genealogy of Radical Islam" 6559: 6549:The Oxford Dictionary of Islam 6543:John L. Esposito, ed. (2014). 6536: 6523: 6498: 6473: 6455:John Richard Thackrah (2013). 6448: 6029:), in which, according to the 5395: 5173:; surah 26:193) and taught by 4984:), knowing through knowledge ( 4225:, the latter of whom consider 4141:and language scholars, 5. the 3689:school while followers of the 3286:Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi 2861:Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari 2391:launched against the Taliban. 2140:, the younger son of Ali from 1991:). Ibn Taymiyyah argues, that 1987:as aberration and punishment ( 1724:and the Kharijites). The term 1471: 13: 1: 18424:Traditional Sabahan religions 16536:Al-Mustadrak alaa al-Sahihain 14270:al-Mufaddal ibn Umar al-Ju'fi 12596:Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Walid 11065:Arabic CNN 19. November 2016. 11037:Arabic CNN 13. November 2016. 8895:Introduction to Sufi Doctrine 8617:. In Sabine Schmidtke (ed.). 8592:Brown, Jonathan A.C. (2009). 8559:Halverson, Jeffry R. (2010). 8449:Halverson, Jeffry R. (2010). 8416:Halverson, Jeffry R. (2010). 8383:. In Sabine Schmidtke (ed.). 7902:Simone Chambers, Peter Nosco 7706:Wiktorowicz, Quintan (2005). 7685:. Bloomsbury Publishing PLC. 6986:. S. 8. – Engl. Übers. S. 49. 6566:Bialik, Carl (9 April 2008). 6531:An Introduction to the Hadith 6480:Nasir, Jamal J., ed. (2009). 6441: 5365:, the earlier religious laws 4711:the unity of the community). 4600:orthodoxy before the rise of 4378:Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari 4323:and the "Imams of Guidance" ( 3457:Imam Maturidi Research Centre 1840:nasabū anfusa-hum ilā s-sunna 1662:("The Sunna and the Shia, Or 1617:, popularized the concept of 1345:developed by the traditional 17077: 16568:Sunan al-Kubra lil an-Nasa'i 16232:Apostasy in Islam by country 16099:Liberalism and progressivism 13958:ʿĀbidīyya (ʿUthmān al-ʿĀbid) 13899:Abd Allah ibn Wahb al-Rasibi 13880:'Abdullāh ibn Ibāḍ al-Tamimi 12898:Islamic schools and branches 11733:Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad 11638:Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam 11222:(3rd ed. Hachette UK, 2018). 10752:from 21. Oktober 1987, See: 10263:Kitāb Maqāl ¹āt al-islāmīyīn 9975:. P. 10. – Engl. Transl. 51. 8377:Abrahamov, Binyamin (2014). 8319:Jeffry R. Halverson (2010). 8164:Muḥaṣṣalü l-kelâm ve-l-ḥikme 7474:Nadvi, Syed Abul Hasan Ali. 7200:Siehe z. B. aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 6405:Islamic schools and branches 6118:al-wasaṭ allaḏī huwa al-qisṭ 6050: 5597:Extent of the predestination 4998:), hearing through hearing ( 4153:), 7. those who perform the 4090: 2494: 2467:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 1579:of his Prophet". During the 453: 7: 20668:National religiosity levels 19893:Nauruan Indigenous religion 19448:Hellenism (modern religion) 16632:Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbih 13890:Abu Qudama Yazid ibn Fandin 12586:Hassan Ala Dhikrihi's Salam 11943:Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi 11878:Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi 10651:, Delhi: Kitab Bhawan, p. 6 10236:. 1997, Bd. IV, S. 411–415. 10169:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 9972:al-Ibāna ʿan uṣūl ad-diyāna 9883:. S. 12. – Engl. Übers. 55. 9881:al-Ibāna ʿan uṣūl ad-diyāna 9526:Islamic creeds: a selection 9195:. Oxford University Press. 9188:"Ahl al-Sunnah wa'l-Jamaah" 9015:, Routledge, 2002, page 199 8983:. Oxford University Press. 8784:Minhāǧ as-sunna an-nabawīya 8727:Minhāǧ as-sunna an-nabawīya 8003:Central Intelligence Agency 7631:The History of Saudi Arabia 7447:Irving, Washington (1859). 7223:Islamic creeds: a selection 7206:Islamic creeds: a selection 7189:Islamic creeds: a selection 6782:Minhāǧ as-sunna an-nabawīya 6746:Kitāb al-Maʿrifa wa-t-tārīḫ 6505:George W. Braswell (2000). 6382: 6145:that the Sunnis with their 5921:Committee of National Unity 5300: 5237: 5232: 4775:Bayān as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 4659:and one of the compiler of 4639:and other parts of Africa, 3967:Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah.. 3951:, I say that they are from 3251:Muhammad Idris al-Kandhlawi 3237:Muhammad Yusuf al-Kandhlawi 3181:Muhammad Ilyas al-Kandhlawi 3153:Khalil Ahmad al-Saharanpuri 2868:Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi 2737: 2375:, who was addressed as the 2303:demise of Ottoman caliphate 1745:ahl al-ʿadl wa-ahl as-sunna 1545:became the short form for " 1537: 1528: 1520: 1483: 1462: 1454: 1446: 1438: 1430: 1371: 1355: 1343:principles of jurisprudence 1290:). This contrasts with the 1225: 709:("Stories of the Prophets") 10: 22096: 20077: 17036:Al-Kamal fi Asma' al-Rijal 16582:Sunan al-Kubra lil Bayhaqi 16149: 14646:Bandagi Mian Syed Khundmir 14086:Muhammad ibn Ziyād al-Kūfī 13839:Najdah ibn 'Amir al-Hānafī 13517:Nasir Khusraw al-Qubadiani 13001:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 12257:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 11888:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi 11848:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi 11673:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi 10631:, "Tareekh Quran Majeed", 10591:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 10403:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 10234:Theologie und Gesellschaft 9901:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 9769:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 9743:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 9665:Kitāb Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 9630:"Dr Al-Ifta Al-Missriyyah" 7628: 7501:Caliphate and Monarchistic 7403:Caliphate and Monarchistic 7270:. 2001, S. 91–96. (German) 7183:See z. B. aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 7149:Šams ad-Dīn al-Muqaddasī: 7000:Taʾrīḫ ar-rusul wa-l-mulūk 6905:Brill, Leiden 1997. S. 66. 6870:Risāla ilā ʿUṯmān al-Battī 6653:The Succession to Muhammad 6089:Companions of the Prophets 5639:The Blessed and the Damned 5341:). He is sent with truth ( 5317:and made him Lord of men ( 5204:As the speech of God, the 4895: 4802:qaul ahl as-sunna wal-jama 4420: 4094: 3955:in many things related to 3712: 3646: 3469:Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama 3244:Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni 3094:Fadl al-Haqq al-Khayrabadi 2899:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi 2827:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi 2698:Ash'ari theology stresses 2672: 2668: 2311:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 2038: 1919:Ahl as-Sunnah wa l-Jamāʻah 1915:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi 1816:ahl as-sunna wa-l-istiqāma 1644:ahl as-sunnah wa l-jamāʻah 1361:(faith) and comprises the 22039: 21958: 21875: 21747: 21492: 21217: 20934: 20930: 20919: 20828: 20753: 20524: 20432: 20369: 20087: 20083: 20072: 19635: 19622: 19547: 19370: 19352:Transcendental Meditation 19245: 19232: 19197: 18945: 18922: 18911: 18838: 18801: 18503: 18399: 18381: 18325: 18316: 18233: 18161: 18012: 18003: 17961: 17933: 17891: 17824: 17815: 17806: 17772: 17739: 17711: 17702: 17652: 17519: 17206: 17120: 17111: 17102: 17098: 17085: 17015:Kitab at-Tabaqat al-Kabir 16997: 16974:Tawil Mukhtalif al-Hadith 16957: 16904: 16867: 16779: 16673: 16641: 16623: 16591: 16552: 16506: 16483:Sunan an-Nasa'i al-Sughra 16451: 16444: 16370: 16255: 16222: 16162: 16158: 16144: 16071: 16038: 16010:Geography and cartography 15985: 15932: 15928: 15912: 15738: 15660: 15607: 15556: 15552: 15528: 15398: 15222: 15182: 15065: 15017: 14941: 14937: 14926: 14837: 14790: 14742: 14696: 14586: 14573: 14512: 14409: 14347: 14330: 14217: 14165: 14156: 14095: 14012: 13946: 13923: 13870: 13790: 13775: 13705: 13572: 13415: 13279: 13254: 13230:Extinct Zaydi Shi'a sects 13167: 13067: 12917: 12908: 12904: 12891: 12865: 12810: 12757: 12653: 12646: 12604: 12574:Tayyibi Ismā'īlī doctrine 12534: 12392: 12289:Muqbil bin Hadi al-Wadi'i 12237: 12207: 12114: 12082: 12023: 11981: 11802: 11756: 11743:Muhammad Arafa al-Desouki 11718:Abu Ali al-Hassan al-Yusi 11568:Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani 11507: 11498: 11466: 11438: 11405: 11377: 11370: 11366: 11341: 11287: 11226:Patler, Nicholas (2017). 8709:Salafi Research Institute 8676:Tafsīr al-Fātiḥa al-kabīr 7725:10.1080/10576100590905057 7654:Hitti, Philip K. (1970). 7048:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1273f. 6328:Ahl al-Sunna wa-al-Jama'a 6221:Muhammad Ibn al-ʿUthaimīn 6061:al-wasaṭ fī firaq al-umma 5917:Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı 5870:TRT Diyanet kurumsal logo 5806:'Abd ar-Razzaq as-San'ani 5802:Musannaf of Abd al-Razzaq 5250:. The original contract ( 5002:), seeing through sight ( 4992:), wanting through will ( 4988:), mighty through power ( 4881:Belief in Preordainment ( 4574:Ahl al-Sunnah wa'l-Jamaah 4327:) who followed his path. 4046:Muhammad Ibn al-ʿUthaimin 3971:Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah 3953:Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah 3949:Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah 3849:and other traditionalist 3708: 3331:Muhammad Waqaruddin Qadri 3324:Habib al-Rahman al-A'zami 3073:Shah 'Abdul 'Aziz Dehlawi 3035:Isma'il Haqqi al-Burusawi 2916:Sadr al-Shari'a al-Asghar 2589:A study conducted by the 2447:, etc. many contemporary 2337:Taqi Al-Din Ibn Taymiyyah 1999:inherents the meaning of 1950:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1934:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1911:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1907:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1903:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1876:ahl as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1830:Ahl as-Sunna wa l-Jamāʻah 1776:ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak 1722:al-Mukhtār ibn Abī ʿUbaid 1319:traditional jurisprudence 280:Sunni schools of theology 20984:Central African Republic 17971:Vietnamese folk religion 17362:Charismatic Christianity 16703:Musnad Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh 16664:Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 16329:Islamic view of miracles 14259:Umayr ibn Bayān al-ʿIjlī 13134:Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi 12748:The Moderation in Belief 12629:Al-Hadi ila'l-Haqq Yahya 12367:Ahmad ibn Umar al-Hazimi 11938:Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri 11868:Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi 11130:43.1/2 (2018): 142–151. 11072: 10834:ahl as-sunna wa-l-ǧamāʿa 7629:Bowen, Wayne H. (2007). 7608:. Longman. p. 369. 7580:The Fall of the Ottomans 7172:Moslem Schisms and Sects 7093:1963, S. 471, Zeile 10. 7064:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1276. 7035:. 2011, S. 332. (german) 7010:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1278. 6970:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1274. 6889:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1273. 6709:. 2011, Bd. II, S. 1271. 5994:ahl as-sunna wa-l-jamaʿa 5935:Self-image of the Sunnis 5862:Sunni State institutions 5609:) or his determination ( 5361:and humans and with his 5030:Angels and other spirits 4902: 4738:The text traced back to 4459:), often referred to as 4431:Great Mosque of Kairouan 3927:Ahl al-Sunna wal Jama'ah 3805:under the leadership of 3195:Naeem-ud-Deen Muradabadi 3132:Muhammad Qasim Nanawtawi 3118:'Abd al-Hayy al-Lucknawi 3108:'Abd al-Ghani al-Maydani 3042:'Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi 2909:Abu al-Barakat al-Nasafi 2889:Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi 2854:Abu al-Thana' al-Lamishi 2273:The fall, at the end of 1930:Schams ad-Dīn al-Maqdisī 1509:, encouraged during the 1476: 798:Medieval Islamic science 20878:New religious movements 20511:Theories about religion 20464:Evolutionary psychology 19493:Modern Finnish paganism 17438:Independent Catholicism 16999:Biographical evaluation 16710:Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal 16084:Creationism (evolution) 14721:Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani 14112:Hammād ibn Abū Sūlaimān 14030:Yūnus ibn Awn an-Namīrī 13802:Abd al-Karīm ibn Adjrād 12741:Divan-i Shams-i Tabrizi 12699:Al-Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah 12554:Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani 11958:Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi 11863:Akmal al-Din al-Babarti 11853:'Ala' al-Din al-Bukhari 11693:Al-Maqqari al-Tilmisani 11648:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi 11583:Abu Ishaq al-Isfara'ini 11279:Encyclopædia Britannica 11115:Charles River Editors. 10983:Muḥammad Ibn ʿUṯaimīn: 10649:The Authority of Sunnah 9522:William Montgomery Watt 9520:– Engl. Übersetzung in 8741:Muḥammad ibn ʿUṯaimīn: 8225:Marlène Laruelle Being 7747:Minahan, James (2002). 7107:Der Eine und das Andere 7062:Der Eine und das Andere 7046:Der Eine und das Andere 7033:Der Eine und das Andere 7008:Der Eine und das Andere 6968:Der Eine und das Andere 6887:Der Eine und das Andere 6766:Siyar aʿlām an-nubalāʾ. 6720:Der Eine und das Andere 6707:Der Eine und das Andere 6626:. ABC-CLIO. p. 3. 6573:The Wall Street Journal 6457:Dictionary of Terrorism 6320:Sheikh Aboobacker Ahmed 6239:The accusation by some 6087:and with regard to the 5952:, says that the Muslim 5888:haiʾat kibār al-ʿulamāʾ 5732:as the most authentic ( 5418:said for them, and the 4780:The "Qadiritic Creed" ( 4764:ahl al-ḥadīṯ wa-s-sunna 4655:(1644–1719) founder of 4549:Prime Minister of Sudan 4380:). Contrary to popular 4370:Abul Hasan ash-Shadhili 4313:ahl at-taṣauwuf aṣ-ṣāfī 4245:ahl al-wiǧdān wa-l-kašf 3939:). According to Albani: 3883:ahl as-sunna wal jamaʿa 3421:Al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya 3293:Mustafa Raza Khan Qadri 3146:Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi 3087:Muhammad 'Abid al-Sindi 2933:'Ala' al-Din al-Bukhari 2923:Akmal al-Din al-Babarti 2681:Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari 2612:, 2. those named after 2606:Abu l-Hasan al-Aschʿari 2572:) or Islamic theology ( 1938:ahl al-ʿadl wa-t-tawḥīd 1878:as a self-designation. 1820:ahl as-sunna wa-l-ḥadīṯ 1714:Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr 1505:, a famous follower of 78:Prophets and Messengers 27:Largest branch of Islam 21527:Bosnia and Herzegovina 19508:Erzyan native religion 19357:Unitarian Universalism 18736:Native American Church 17482:Oneness Pentecostalism 16657:Musannaf Abd al-Razzaq 16344:Persecution of Muslims 16242:List of former Muslims 15091:Succession to Muhammad 14393:Galip Hassan Kuscuoglu 13970:Hīdīyya (Hīd ibn Saif) 13463:Baha al-Din al-Muqtana 12958:Khwaja Abdullah Ansari 12619:Ahmad ibn Isa ibn Zayd 12614:Abu'l-Jarud al-Hamdani 12549:Abu Yaqub al-Sijistani 12509:Agha Zia ol Din Araghi 12494:Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi 12174:Abu al-Husayn al-Basri 12169:Al-Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar 11928:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi 11838:Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi 11833:Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi 11818:Al-Hakim al-Samarqandi 11688:Jalal al-Din al-Dawani 11653:Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati 11578:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi 11282:(11th ed.). 1911. 11152:Mediterranean Politics 10908:Al-Farq baina l-firaq. 10895:Al-Farq baina l-firaq. 10830:Al-Farq baina l-firaq. 10619:. 1952. Bd. I, S. 294. 10564:. 1952. Bd. I, S. 329. 10363:. 1952. Bd. I, p. 295. 10208:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10117:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10091:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 9986:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 9593:Geuthner, Paris, 1986. 8800:Al-Farq baina l-firaq. 8350:Shamim Akhter (2009). 8162:İsmail Hakkı İzmirli: 7679:Kepel, Gilles (2003). 7539:Kennedy, Hugh (2016). 7311:Hughes, Aaron (2013). 7280:Hughes, Aaron (2013). 6927:. 1952, Bd. II, S. 40. 6802:Digitalisat Wikisource 6430:Shia view of the Quran 6425:Persecution of Muslims 6374:Grand Imam of Al-Azhar 6265:Ahl as-Sunna wa-l-jama 6169: 5966:al-Farq baina l-firaq 5958:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi 5892:Grand Imam of al-Azhar 5871: 5697: 5605:) and predestination ( 5270:from the tribe of the 5151: 5065: 4891: 4768:ahl al-ḥaqq wa-s-sunna 4665:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi 4446: 4321:al-Junaid Al- Baghdadi 4234:) and the question of 4227:Abū Mansūr al-Māturīdī 4119:al-Farq baina l-firaq 4111:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi 4082:office ruled out in a 3975: 3655:Abu Mansur al-Maturidi 3399:Al-'Aqida al-Tahawiyya 3338:Syed Shujaat Ali Qadri 3202:Shabbir Ahmad 'Uthmani 3174:Ashraf 'Ali al-Thanawi 2847:Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi 2837:Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi 2820:Abu Mansur al-Maturidi 2614:Abu Mansur al-Maturidi 2545:Abdullah, son of Masud 2531: 2343:. The expediencies of 2270: 2060: 2023:(d. 2005) interpreted 1961:ahl as-sunna wa l-jama 1896:ahl as-sunna wa l-jama 1866:(d. 916) tells in his 1824:ahl al-ḥaqq wa-s-sunna 1268:succession to Muhammad 1250:religious denomination 808:Succession to Muhammad 346:Contemporary movements 161:Rightly-Guided Caliphs 88:Succession to Muhammad 21847:Saint Kitts and Nevis 21144:São Tomé and Príncipe 21004:Republic of the Congo 19205:Aboriginal Australian 17834:Chinese folk religion 16837:At-Targhib wat-Tarhib 16780:Secondary collections 16607:Shama'il Muhammadiyah 16128:Conversion to mosques 15995:Alchemy and chemistry 14662:Wallace Fard Muhammad 13614:Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya 13121:Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi 12870:Early Muslim scholars 12678:Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq 11948:Rahmatullah Kairanawi 11698:Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi 11608:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi 11211:41.3 (2017): 285–296 11136:Gesink, Indira Falk. 11123:; brief introduction. 11007:17 April 2021 at the 10860:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10661:Muhammad Mustafa Azmi 10549:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10468:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10346:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10333:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 10293:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 9514:al-ʿAqīda aṭ-Ṭaḥāwīya 9512:Abū Jafar aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9423:Jamal, Malik (2008). 9390:Yaseen Akhtar Misbahi 9281:. 15 September 2010. 8864:Seyyed Hossein Nasr, 8772:Englische Übersetzung 8661:17 April 2021 at the 8005:(CIA). Archived from 7924:Masjid al-Muslimiin. 7836:Johanna Pink (2010). 7815:Johanna Pink (2010). 7236:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 7219:al-ʿAqīda aṭ-Ṭaḥāwīya 7202:al-ʿAqīda aṭ-Ṭaḥāwīya 7185:al-ʿAqīda aṭ-Ṭaḥāwīya 7168:Al-Farq baina l-firaq 6796:Muḥammad Rašīd Riḍā: 6762:Šams ad-Dīn aḏ-Ḏahabī 6529:Burton, John (1996). 6310:took part, including 6164: 6142:al-Farq baina l-firaq 5869: 5688: 5339:ḥabīb rabb al-ʿālamīn 5142: 5037: 4832:al-ʿAqīda al-Wāsiṭīya 4734:or similar) include: 4732:ahl as-sunna wal-jama 4673:Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi 4560:Abdullah II of Jordan 4428: 4415:Islamic jurisprudence 4000:ahl as-sunna al-ḫāṣṣa 3941: 3345:Wahbi Sulayman Ghawji 3272:Muhammad Yusuf Banuri 2947:Al-Kamal ibn al-Humam 2599:Three group doctrines 2502: 2261: 2144:, was killed at the 2046: 1888:as-sunna wa l-jamāʿah 1860:as-Sunna wa l-Jamāʿah 21469:United Arab Emirates 20255:Religious experience 19629:Historical religions 18589:Four Mothers Society 17991:Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương 17323:Schwenkfelder Church 16682:Musnad Imam ul A’zam 15854:Ma malakat aymanukum 15429:Association football 15328:Moderate Kharijites 14308:‘Ulyanīyya/'Alyaīyya 14103:Al-Harith ibn Surayj 13293:Theology of Twelvers 13138:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 12685:Al-Milal wa al-Nihal 12484:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 11883:Siraj al-Din al-Ushi 11873:Nur al-Din al-Sabuni 11858:Al-Sharif al-Jurjani 11678:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami 11643:Taqi al-Din al-Subki 11633:Sayf al-Din al-Amidi 11628:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi 11603:Abu al-Walid al-Baji 11218:Nydell, Margaret K. 11091:Sometimes called as 11089:in academic studies. 10633:Khutbat-e-Bahawalpur 9372:Ayesha Khan (2020). 9122:Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim 8611:Hoover, Jon (2014). 8187:deutsche Übersetzung 7656:History of The Arabs 7496:Khilafat o Malookiat 7398:Khilafat o Malookiat 7109:. 2011, S. 681, 718. 6410:King Abdullah Mosque 6372:. A few days later, 6324:Grand Mufti of India 6270:The rivalry between 6236:in terms of belief. 6178:on the one hand and 6044:The Hanbali scholar 6020:As center of Muslims 5950:Vaticinium ex eventu 5756:Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj 5386:Muhammad's Ascension 4970:Names and attributes 4933:) and no adversary ( 4866:Belief in Holy Books 4782:al-iʿtiqād al-Qādirī 4756:Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn 4657:Madrasah-i Rahimiyah 4387:'Abd al-Qadir Jilani 4217:): They include the 4008:ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb 3996:ahl as-unna al-ʿāmma 3493:Jamia Naeemia Lahore 3481:Al Jamiatul Ashrafia 3310:Qari Muhammad Tayyib 3265:Fazlur Rahman Ansari 3258:Zafar Ahmad 'Uthmani 3230:Sardar Ahmad Chishti 3167:Muhammed Hamdi Yazır 3139:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 3011:Abdul Hakim Sialkoti 2940:Badr al-Din al-'Ayni 2882:Nur al-Din al-Sabuni 2875:Siraj al-Din al-Ushi 2626:İsmail Hakkı İzmirli 2561:compiling the Qur'an 2445:Muhammad Rashid Rida 2424:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi 2412:Indian sub continent 2313:; the eponym of the 1995:as opposite term to 1688:Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj 1656:Muhammad Rashid Rida 1623:ʿĀʾiša bint Abī Bakr 1607:ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb 1327:analogical reasoning 1321:within Sunni Islam. 847:Association football 128:Declaration of Faith 21862:Trinidad and Tobago 21757:Antigua and Barbuda 20925:Religion by country 19981:Cult of Magna Mater 18461:Philippine Dayawism 18042:Nimbarka Sampradaya 17790:Chinese Manichaeism 17462:Jehovah's Witnesses 17267:Proto-Protestantism 16889:Maudhu (fabricated) 16766:Al-Mu'jam as-Saghir 16522:Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 16445:Primary collections 14542:Ghulam Ahmed Pervez 14284:Abū Mānsūr al-ʿIjlī 14256:ʿIjlīyya/Umayrīyya 14054:Abū Sawbān al-Murjī 13716:An-Nafs Az-Zakiyyah 13023:Other Salafi trends 12852:Musta'li Isma'ilism 12768:Eʿteqādātal-Emāmīya 12159:Ja'far ibn Mūbassīr 11923:Anwar Shah Kashmiri 11573:Zakariyya al-Ansari 11236:on 30 December 2022 11161:Halverson, Jeffry. 11046:ʿAbdallāh Maṣmūdī: 10845:John B. Henderson: 10797:. 2018, p. 142–147. 10713:arabisches Original 10629:Muhammad Hamidullah 10617:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 10562:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 10360:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 10221:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 10049:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9563:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn. 9473:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 9279:Pew Research Center 9025:Murtada Mutahhari. 9013:The future of Islam 8906:Jeffrey Halverson, 8827:Murtaḍā az-Zabīdī: 8542:Blankinship, Khalid 8300:on 23 February 2006 8183:arabisches Original 8049:Pew Research Center 7633:. Greenwood Press. 7250:Murtaḍā az-Zabīdī: 6925:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 6555:on 28 October 2010. 6348:organisations like 6261:šubuhāt al-malāḥida 6196:, were promoting a 6103:The Hanafi scholar 5940:As the "saved sect" 5843:Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 5747:Muhammad al-Bukhari 5545:) out of hellfire. 5503:Christian tradition 5450:Day of resurrection 5295:bi-muǧarrad al-ʿaql 5213:specifies that the 5193:repeated it to his 5041:accompanied by the 4929:), no counterpart ( 4921:), has no partner ( 4804:), in the year 433 4748:Ṭabaqāt al-Ḥanābila 4567:Ahle Sunnat Barelvi 4255:) and inspiration ( 4151:az-zuhhād aṣ-ṣūfīya 4145:– Scholars, 6. the 3753:several other names 3463:Darul Uloom Deoband 3223:Husayn Ahmad Madani 3160:Anwar Shah Kashmiri 3049:Nizamuddin Sihalivi 2901:(d. after 690/1291) 2592:Pew Research Center 2534:Sunnis believe the 2484:Al-Azhar University 2011:means "Path of the 1967:(d. 933), the term 1786:. In addition, the 1339:juristic discretion 608:Profession of Faith 581:Day of Resurrection 21797:Dominican Republic 20843:Abrahamic prophets 19932:Proto-Indo-Iranian 18434:Aliran Kepercayaan 17637:Non-denominational 17559:Modernist Salafism 17245:Oriental Orthodoxy 17008:al-Tarikh al-Kabir 16844:Al-Jami' as-Saghir 16802:Mishkat al-Masabih 16759:Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 16752:Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir 16689:Musnad al-Tayalisi 16575:Sunan al-Daraqutni 16349:Quran and miracles 16263:Criticism of Islam 15967:Geometric patterns 15819:Gender segregation 15390:Non-denominational 14841:Other scholars of 14732:Islamic modernists 14706:Modernist Salafism 14357:Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar 14316:Abdullah ibn Saba' 14251:Muʿāmmar ibn Ahmar 14136:Ibrāhim ibn Yousūf 14124:Mūsā ibn Abū Kasīr 14115:Muhārīb ibn Dithār 14046:Abū Muāz at-Tūmanī 13368:Astarabadi (Naimi) 13098:Abdullah al-Harari 13052:Muhammad bin Dawud 12985:Syed Nazeer Husain 12720:Tabsirat al-Adilla 12634:Al-Mansur al-Qasim 12469:Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid 12316:Syed Nazeer Husain 12239:Salafi Theologians 11991:Al-Ja'd ibn Dirham 11963:Muhammad Abu Zahra 11748:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan 11598:Abdul Qadir Gilani 11252:7.1 (2020): 67–69 11209:Strategic Analysis 11186:Khaddour, Kheder. 11168:Hazleton, Lesley. 11147:(Oxford UP, 2020). 11085:It is also called 11048:Tauṣīyāt Muʾtamar 10943:IPAC-Report No. 32 10717:German translation 10494:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 10377:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9915:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9790:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9730:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9704:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9691:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9678:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 9604:Humaniora Islamica 9488:1963, p. 290–297. 9309:The Times of India 8893:Titus Burckhardt, 8711:. 14 August 2016. 8614:"Ḥanbalī Theology" 8329:. pp. 23–24. 8327:Palgrave Macmillan 8141:Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad 8079:. 4 January 2016. 8052:. 7 October 2009. 7999:The World Factbook 7343:"Lexic Orient.com" 7138:Kitāb Uṣūl ad-Dīn. 7078:Kitāb Uṣūl ad-Dīn. 6336:Muslim Brotherhood 6318:of the Azhar, and 6308:Russian Federation 6170: 6113:ʿAlī ibn Abī Tālib 5984:, 3 Nadjāritic, 3 5890:), among whom the 5872: 5698: 5592:The predestination 5584:The intercession ( 5289:) and opposition ( 5283:promise and threat 5242:Confessing to the 5225:explains that the 5152: 5143:Historic Quran of 5068:Sunnis believe in 5066: 4817:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 4447: 4346:Abdul-Qadir Gilani 4273:Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm ad-dīn 4113:(d. 1037). In his 4012:ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān 3681:, where later the 3414:Tabsirat al-Adilla 3058:(d. ca. 1177/1764) 3030:(d. ca. 1122/1710) 3020:(d. ca. 1067/1657) 2996:Hasan Kafi Pruščak 2989:Mulla 'Ali al-Qari 2685:theological school 2532: 2365:Mujahidin factions 2297:into Pakistan and 2271: 2091:as the third, and 2061: 1710:ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān 1298:as his successor. 385:Neo-traditionalism 22067: 22066: 22035: 22034: 22031: 22030: 21019:Equatorial Guinea 20915: 20914: 20911: 20910: 20449:Cognitive science 20068: 20067: 20001:Mysteries of Isis 19775:Frankish paganism 19618: 19617: 19614: 19613: 19610: 19609: 19362:White Brotherhood 19228: 19227: 19193: 19192: 18594:Keetoowah Society 18495:Sundanese Wiwitan 18312: 18311: 18308: 18307: 18037:Brahma Sampradaya 17999: 17998: 17802: 17801: 17798: 17797: 17780:Assianism/Uatsdin 17698: 17697: 17467:British Israelism 17453:Nontrinitarianism 17416:Plymouth Brethren 17411:Nondenominational 17345:Congregationalism 17233:Eastern Orthodoxy 17181:Reconstructionist 17045: 17044: 16981:Mawdu'at al-Kubra 16851:Al-Jami' al-Kabir 16795:Musnad al-Firdous 16788:Masabih al-Sunnah 16775: 16774: 16696:Musnad al-Shafi'i 16650:Kitaab-ul-Aathaar 16600:Al-Adab al-Mufrad 16543:Sahih Abi Awaanah 16529:Sahih Ibn Hibbaan 16476:Sahih al-Tirmidhi 16400: 16399: 16366: 16365: 16362: 16361: 16334:Domestic violence 16324:Islamic terrorism 16319:Islamic extremism 16140: 16139: 16136: 16135: 15908: 15907: 15904: 15903: 15694:Marriage contract 15524: 15523: 15484:Political aspects 15213:Story of Prophets 14982:Prophets of Islam 14885: 14884: 14881: 14880: 14877: 14876: 14833: 14832: 14642:Muhammad Jaunpuri 14569: 14568: 14495:Sumāma ibn Ashras 14326: 14325: 14177:Dāwūd al-Jawāribî 14152: 14151: 14022:Gaylān ibn Marwān 13919: 13918: 13771: 13770: 13434:Abdallah al-Aftah 13250: 13249: 13163: 13162: 13147:Necmettin Erbakan 12989:Siddiq Hasan Khan 12953:Al-Qadi Abu Ya'la 12887: 12886: 12883: 12882: 12861: 12860: 12801:Tajrid al-I'tiqad 12795:Tashih al-I'tiqad 12706:Al-Sawad al-A'zam 12642: 12641: 12624:Al-Qasim al-Rassi 12591:Idris Imad al-Din 12544:Al-Qadi al-Nu'man 12519:Ruhollah Khomeini 12499:Zurarah ibn A'yan 12474:Sharif al-Murtaza 12462:Muhammad al-Mahdi 12447:Muhammad al-Jawad 12427:Muhammad al-Baqir 12328:Siddiq Hasan Khan 12304:Rabee al-Madkhali 11953:Murtada al-Zabidi 11728:Ibrahim al-Bajuri 11494: 11493: 11259:Wheeler, Branon. 11175:Kamolnick, Paul. 11165:(Springer, 2010). 10645:Mufti Taqi Usmani 9854:. 2001/02, S. 20. 9838:. 2001/02, p. 20. 9436:978-0-415-44247-3 9335:978-0-19-280094-7 9229:978-1-351-98686-1 9202:978-0-19-512558-0 9183:Esposito, John L. 8674:Aḥmad b. ʿAǧība: 8246:Marlène Laruelle 8199:J. B. Schlubach. 7936:on 1 October 2008 7932:). Archived from 6842:G.H.A. Juynboll: 6648:Madelung, Wilferd 6395:Glossary of Islam 6253:jumhūr al-ʿulamāʾ 5838:Sahih Ibn Hibbaan 5779:Jami' at-Tirmidhi 5672:muqallib al-qulūb 5622:al-lauḥ al-maḥfūẓ 4966:) are a reality. 4671:(1746 –1824) and 4661:Fatawa-e-Alamgiri 4554:, as well as the 4552:Al-Sadiq al-Mahdi 4362:Moinuddin Chishti 4265:Murtadā az-Zabīdī 4247:): These are the 4137:scholars, 4. the 4129:Scholars, 2. the 4050:as-salaf aṣ-ṣāliḥ 3861:Narrow definition 3645: 3644: 3406:Al-Sawad al-A'zam 3375:Theological works 3317:Ahmad Saeed Kazmi 3066:Murtada al-Zabidi 3003:Ahmad al-Sirhindi 2700:divine revelation 2657:Grozny Conference 2455:Biblical material 2428:Amir-al-mu'mineen 2383:, perpetrated by 2351:regime backed by 2283:Khilafat Movement 2154:conquest of Mecca 2146:Battle of Karbalā 2107:on 3 March 1924. 2021:Nurcholish Madjid 2017:ṭarīqat aṣ-ṣaḥāba 1747:). According to 1720:, the Shia under 1654:scholars such as 1559:Umayyad Caliphate 1296:Ali ibn Abi Talib 1235: 1223: 1178: 1177: 1108:Deobandi jihadism 513: 512: 358:Deobandi movement 16:(Redirected from 22087: 22057: 22047: 22046: 21925:Papua New Guinea 21900:Marshall Islands 21727:Northern Ireland 20932: 20931: 20921: 20920: 20805:Secular theology 20800:Secular humanism 20085: 20084: 20074: 20073: 19949:Ancestral Pueblo 19624: 19623: 19243: 19242: 18920: 18919: 18323: 18322: 18079:Shaiva Siddhanta 18010: 18009: 17943:Korean shamanism 17822: 17821: 17813: 17812: 17709: 17708: 17622:Mahdawi movement 17492:Swedenborgianism 17472:Christadelphians 17118: 17117: 17109: 17108: 17100: 17099: 17087: 17086: 17072: 17065: 17058: 17049: 17048: 16858:Al-Jami al-Kamil 16816:Majma al-Zawa'id 16809:Riyad as-Salihin 16738:Musnad Abu Ya'la 16731:Musnad al-Bazzar 16724:Tahdhib al-Athar 16490:Sunan Abu Dawood 16462:Sahih al-Bukhari 16449: 16448: 16427: 16420: 16413: 16404: 16403: 16390: 16389: 16382:Islam portal 16380: 16379: 16378: 16160: 16159: 16152: 16146: 16145: 15987:Medieval science 15930: 15929: 15920: 15914: 15913: 15571:Economic history 15554: 15553: 15530: 15529: 15516:Islam by country 15301:Bektashi Alevism 14939: 14938: 14930:Outline of Islam 14912: 14905: 14898: 14889: 14888: 14584: 14583: 14345: 14344: 14163: 14162: 14139:Nusayr ibn Yahyā 14121:Awn ibn Abdullāh 14108:Sa'id ibn Jubayr 14078:Ubayd al-Mūktaib 13944: 13943: 13788: 13787: 13757:ʿAjlan ibn Nawus 13726:Maḥmūd Pasīkhānī 13695:Khashabiyya Shia 13631:Bayān ibn Sam‘ān 13589:Abū ʿAmra Kaysān 13372:Imadaddin Nasimi 13277: 13276: 13174: 13173: 13045:Salafi Modernism 12948:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 12915: 12914: 12906: 12905: 12893: 12892: 12789:Awail Al Maqalat 12671:Al-Baz al-Ashhab 12651: 12650: 12581:Dhu'ayb ibn Musa 12536:Isma'ili Shi'ism 12524:Wilayat al-faqih 12504:Hisham ibn Hakam 12489:Allamah Al-Hilli 11713:Muhammad Mayyara 11505: 11504: 11375: 11374: 11368: 11367: 11343: 11342: 11335:Islamic theology 11328: 11321: 11314: 11305: 11304: 11283: 11275: 11273:"Sunnites" 11245: 11243: 11241: 11096: 11083: 11066: 11060: 11054: 11044: 11038: 11032: 11026: 11025: 11018: 11012: 10997: 10991: 10981: 10975: 10970:Namira Nahouza: 10968: 10962: 10952: 10946: 10945:6. Oktober 2016. 10935: 10929: 10926: 10920: 10917: 10911: 10904: 10898: 10891: 10885: 10875: 10869: 10856: 10850: 10843: 10837: 10826: 10820: 10817: 10811: 10804: 10798: 10791: 10785: 10778: 10769: 10766: 10760: 10748:Arbitrament10/9 10746: 10740: 10726: 10720: 10709: 10700: 10699: 10697: 10695: 10689: 10683:. Archived from 10682: 10674: 10668: 10658: 10652: 10642: 10636: 10626: 10620: 10613: 10607: 10600: 10594: 10587: 10581: 10574: 10565: 10558: 10552: 10545: 10539: 10532: 10526: 10519: 10510: 10503: 10497: 10490: 10484: 10477: 10471: 10464: 10458: 10451: 10445: 10438: 10432: 10425: 10419: 10412: 10406: 10399: 10393: 10386: 10380: 10373: 10364: 10355: 10349: 10342: 10336: 10329: 10323: 10316: 10310: 10303: 10297: 10288: 10279: 10272: 10266: 10259: 10250: 10243: 10237: 10230: 10224: 10217: 10211: 10204: 10198: 10191: 10185: 10178: 10172: 10165: 10159: 10152: 10146: 10139: 10133: 10126: 10120: 10113: 10107: 10106:. 1843, pp. 16f. 10100: 10094: 10087: 10081: 10074: 10068: 10061: 10052: 10045: 10028: 10021: 10015: 10008: 10002: 9995: 9989: 9982: 9976: 9967: 9961: 9954: 9937: 9930: 9919: 9910: 9904: 9897: 9884: 9877: 9871: 9864: 9855: 9845: 9839: 9829: 9823: 9816: 9807: 9800: 9794: 9785: 9772: 9765: 9759: 9752: 9746: 9739: 9733: 9726: 9720: 9713: 9707: 9700: 9694: 9687: 9681: 9674: 9668: 9661: 9646: 9645: 9643: 9641: 9626: 9620: 9613: 9607: 9606:1 (1973) 91–131. 9600: 9594: 9587: 9581: 9575: 9569: 9559: 9553: 9546: 9529: 9510: 9504: 9482: 9476: 9469: 9463: 9462: 9455: 9449: 9448: 9420: 9414: 9413: 9399: 9393: 9386: 9380: 9379: 9369: 9363: 9360: 9354: 9353: 9346: 9340: 9339: 9319: 9313: 9312: 9301: 9295: 9294: 9292: 9290: 9271: 9265: 9264: 9252: 9246: 9245: 9243: 9241: 9213: 9207: 9206: 9190: 9179: 9170: 9169: 9167: 9165: 9150: 9144: 9119: 9113: 9112: 9110: 9108: 9097:Encyclopedia.com 9089: 9083: 9073:Brill Publishers 9054: 9048: 9045:The Legal System 9041: 9035: 9034: 9033:on 4 March 2012. 9022: 9016: 9009: 9003: 9002: 8973: 8967: 8966: 8940: 8934: 8920: 8911: 8904: 8898: 8891: 8885: 8878: 8869: 8862: 8851: 8841: 8835: 8825: 8819: 8809: 8803: 8796: 8790: 8780: 8774: 8764: 8758: 8755: 8749: 8739: 8733: 8723: 8717: 8716: 8701: 8695: 8688: 8679: 8672: 8666: 8651: 8640: 8639: 8637: 8635: 8616: 8608: 8602: 8601: 8589: 8583: 8582: 8566: 8556: 8550: 8549: 8538: 8532: 8531: 8510: 8504: 8503: 8482: 8473: 8472: 8456: 8446: 8440: 8439: 8423: 8413: 8407: 8406: 8382: 8374: 8368: 8367: 8347: 8341: 8340: 8316: 8310: 8309: 8307: 8305: 8296:. Archived from 8286: 8280: 8265: 8259: 8244: 8238: 8223: 8217: 8216: 8214: 8212: 8196: 8190: 8179: 8170: 8160: 8151: 8138: 8132: 8123: 8118: 8116: 8095: 8090: 8088: 8068: 8063: 8061: 8021: 8016: 8014: 8009:on 27 March 2010 7982: 7976: 7975: 7973: 7971: 7952: 7946: 7945: 7943: 7941: 7921: 7915: 7900: 7894: 7888: 7882: 7864: 7858: 7855: 7849: 7834: 7828: 7813: 7802: 7801: 7799: 7797: 7777: 7771: 7770: 7759: 7753: 7752: 7744: 7738: 7737: 7727: 7703: 7697: 7696: 7676: 7670: 7669: 7651: 7645: 7644: 7626: 7620: 7619: 7601: 7595: 7594: 7574: 7568: 7561: 7555: 7554: 7536: 7530: 7529: 7511: 7505: 7504: 7490: 7484: 7483: 7471: 7465: 7464: 7444: 7438: 7437: 7413: 7407: 7406: 7392: 7386: 7385: 7365: 7359: 7358: 7356: 7354: 7338: 7332: 7331: 7308: 7302: 7301: 7277: 7271: 7264: 7258: 7248: 7239: 7232: 7226: 7215: 7209: 7198: 7192: 7181: 7175: 7170:, siehe Seelye: 7164: 7158: 7147: 7141: 7134: 7128: 7125: 7119: 7116: 7110: 7103: 7097: 7087: 7081: 7074: 7065: 7058: 7049: 7042: 7036: 7025:Muʿǧam al-Buldān 7017: 7011: 6993: 6987: 6980: 6971: 6964: 6958: 6951: 6945: 6934: 6928: 6921: 6915: 6912: 6906: 6901:Ulrich Rudolph: 6899: 6890: 6883: 6877: 6866: 6860: 6853: 6847: 6840: 6834: 6827: 6821: 6810: 6804: 6794: 6788: 6778: 6772: 6759: 6753: 6742: 6736: 6729: 6723: 6716: 6710: 6703: 6697: 6696: 6674: 6668: 6667: 6644: 6638: 6637: 6617: 6611: 6610: 6602: 6593: 6592: 6590: 6588: 6563: 6557: 6556: 6540: 6534: 6527: 6521: 6520: 6502: 6496: 6495: 6477: 6471: 6470: 6452: 6390:Outline of Islam 6280:first conference 6054: 6052: 5962:heresiographical 5815:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 5743:Sahih al-Bukhari 5663:) or a blessed ( 5547:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 5426:Sign of the hour 5407:Munkar and Nakir 5311:ḫātam al-anbiyāʾ 5262:) and talked to 4925:), no opposite ( 4740:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 4653:Shah Abdur Rahim 4580:, including the 4545:Persian Safavids 4517:Mamluk Sultanate 4319:as practiced by 4115:heresiographical 3937:mad'hab as-Salaf 3807:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 3637: 3630: 3623: 3607: 3606: 3599:Islam portal 3597: 3596: 3595: 3384:Al-Fiqh al-Akbar 3359:Usmankhan Alimov 3352:Akhtar Raza Khan 3056:Liu Chih/Liu Zhi 2812:Eminent scholars 2769:Imam al-Maturidi 2765: 2742: 2741: 2683:(873–935). This 2639:, but also used 2634: 2525: 2516: 2507: 2416:Salafi-Jihadists 2357:Taliban movement 2341:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 2315:Wahhabi movement 2240:Ahmad bin Hanbal 1944:("Believer") or 1868:Kitāb al-Maqālāt 1856:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 1782:, Qadarites and 1658:in his treatise 1581:second Civil War 1540: 1533: 1523: 1511:Battle of Siffin 1500: 1498: 1486: 1481:The Arabic term 1468:(predecessors). 1467: 1459: 1451: 1443: 1435: 1427: 1425: 1416: 1414: 1405: 1403: 1394: 1392: 1376: 1360: 1349:. In matters of 1309:(especially the 1305:, together with 1230: 1228: 1218: 1216: 1208: 1207: 1204: 1203: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1170: 1163: 1156: 1142:Islam portal 1140: 1139: 1138: 538: 515: 514: 505: 498: 491: 479:Islam portal 477: 476: 475: 353:Barelvi movement 319: 318: 232: 231: 58: 49: 43: 42: 32: 31: 21: 22095: 22094: 22090: 22089: 22088: 22086: 22085: 22084: 22070: 22069: 22068: 22063: 22027: 21954: 21935:Solomon Islands 21871: 21743: 21647:North Macedonia 21488: 21213: 20926: 20907: 20868:Mass gatherings 20836: 20831: 20824: 20763: 20758: 20749: 20683:Religiocentrism 20663:National church 20531: 20528: 20520: 20435: 20428: 20365: 20287:Bodies of water 20079: 20064: 19849:Jamaican Maroon 19631: 19606: 19543: 19373: 19366: 19237: 19235: 19224: 19189: 19163:Trinidad Orisha 18948: 18941: 18914: 18907: 18834: 18797: 18783:Washat Dreamers 18506: 18499: 18395: 18377: 18304: 18278:Srilankan Vedda 18229: 18157: 18032:Sri Vaishnavism 17995: 17957: 17929: 17887: 17794: 17768: 17735: 17694: 17648: 17573:Twelver Shi'ism 17515: 17377:Neo-charismatic 17350:Presbyterianism 17202: 17094: 17081: 17076: 17046: 17041: 17022:Mizan al-Itidal 16993: 16966: 16953: 16900: 16863: 16823:Bulugh al-Maram 16771: 16745:Musnad al-Siraj 16669: 16637: 16619: 16587: 16561:Sunan al-Darimi 16548: 16502: 16497:Sunan ibn Majah 16453:Kutub al-Sittah 16440: 16431: 16401: 16396: 16376: 16374: 16358: 16280:Cultural Muslim 16251: 16218: 16164:Other religions 16154: 16150: 16132: 16067: 16034: 15981: 15924: 15922:Islamic studies 15918: 15900: 15734: 15679: 15656: 15603: 15548: 15547: 15520: 15469:Moral teachings 15412: 15394: 15368:Nation of Islam 15281:Twelver Shi'ism 15218: 15184:Religious texts 15178: 15096:Early conquests 15079: 15061: 15013: 14933: 14922: 14916: 14886: 14873: 14829: 14786: 14757:Ahmed Raza Khan 14738: 14692: 14682:Fethullah Gülen 14657:Nation of Islam 14578: 14575: 14565: 14508: 14485:Ahmad ibn Hābīt 14413: 14405: 14338: 14334: 14322: 14243:Bāzīgh ibn Mūsā 14213: 14148: 14133:Hālaf ibn Ayyūb 14091: 14008: 13937: 13934: 13931: 13927: 13915: 13866: 13779: 13767: 13701: 13575: 13568: 13536:Hassan-i Sabbah 13419: 13411: 13283: 13270: 13266: 13262: 13258: 13246: 13211:Hasan al-Utrush 13159: 13125:Ahmed Raza Khan 13071: 13063: 12970:Dawud al-Zahiri 12921: 12900: 12879: 12857: 12806: 12753: 12713:Kitab al-Tawhid 12638: 12600: 12530: 12457:Hasan al-Askari 12432:Ja'far al-Sadiq 12394:Twelver Shi'ism 12388: 12360:Salafi Jihadism 12355:Osama bin Laden 12338:Safar Al-Hawali 12299:Saleh Al-Fawzan 12233: 12203: 12196:Sahib ibn Abbad 12191:Ibn Abi'l-Hadid 12156:Ja'far ibn Harb 12121:Wasil ibn 'Ata' 12118: 12110: 12078: 12039:ī (Muqātilīyya) 12019: 11977: 11933:Shah Abdul Aziz 11806: 11798: 11752: 11738:Ahmad al-Dardir 11623:Ahmad al-Rifa'i 11511: 11490: 11462: 11434: 11401: 11362: 11361: 11337: 11332: 11290: 11270: 11239: 11237: 11172:(Anchor, 2010). 11143:Haddad, Fanar. 11108:Ahmed, Khaled. 11105: 11103:Further reading 11100: 11099: 11093:Orthodox Islam, 11090: 11084: 11080: 11075: 11070: 11069: 11061: 11057: 11045: 11041: 11033: 11029: 11020: 11019: 11015: 11009:Wayback Machine 10998: 10994: 10982: 10978: 10969: 10965: 10953: 10949: 10936: 10932: 10927: 10923: 10918: 10914: 10905: 10901: 10892: 10888: 10876: 10872: 10862:. 1999. S. 82. 10857: 10853: 10844: 10840: 10827: 10823: 10818: 10814: 10810:. 2018, p. 155. 10805: 10801: 10792: 10788: 10784:. 2018, p. 138. 10779: 10772: 10767: 10763: 10747: 10743: 10727: 10723: 10710: 10703: 10693: 10691: 10690:on 5 March 2022 10687: 10680: 10676: 10675: 10671: 10659: 10655: 10643: 10639: 10627: 10623: 10615:Ibn Abī Yaʿlā: 10614: 10610: 10601: 10597: 10588: 10584: 10575: 10568: 10560:Ibn Abī Yaʿlā: 10559: 10555: 10546: 10542: 10533: 10529: 10520: 10513: 10504: 10500: 10491: 10487: 10478: 10474: 10465: 10461: 10452: 10448: 10439: 10435: 10426: 10422: 10413: 10409: 10400: 10396: 10387: 10383: 10374: 10367: 10357:Ibn Abī Yaʿlā: 10356: 10352: 10343: 10339: 10330: 10326: 10317: 10313: 10304: 10300: 10289: 10282: 10273: 10269: 10260: 10253: 10244: 10240: 10231: 10227: 10218: 10214: 10205: 10201: 10197:. 1843, p. 25f. 10192: 10188: 10179: 10175: 10166: 10162: 10153: 10149: 10140: 10136: 10127: 10123: 10114: 10110: 10101: 10097: 10088: 10084: 10075: 10071: 10062: 10055: 10046: 10031: 10022: 10018: 10009: 10005: 9996: 9992: 9983: 9979: 9968: 9964: 9955: 9940: 9931: 9922: 9911: 9907: 9898: 9887: 9878: 9874: 9865: 9858: 9846: 9842: 9830: 9826: 9817: 9810: 9801: 9797: 9786: 9775: 9766: 9762: 9753: 9749: 9740: 9736: 9727: 9723: 9714: 9710: 9701: 9697: 9688: 9684: 9675: 9671: 9662: 9649: 9639: 9637: 9628: 9627: 9623: 9614: 9610: 9601: 9597: 9588: 9584: 9576: 9572: 9560: 9556: 9547: 9532: 9511: 9507: 9483: 9479: 9471:Ibn Abī Yaʿlā: 9470: 9466: 9457: 9456: 9452: 9437: 9421: 9417: 9400: 9396: 9387: 9383: 9370: 9366: 9361: 9357: 9348: 9347: 9343: 9336: 9321: 9320: 9316: 9303: 9302: 9298: 9288: 9286: 9273: 9272: 9268: 9253: 9249: 9239: 9237: 9230: 9214: 9210: 9203: 9180: 9173: 9163: 9161: 9152: 9151: 9147: 9134:Wiley-Blackwell 9120: 9116: 9106: 9104: 9091: 9090: 9086: 9057:Ignác Goldziher 9055: 9051: 9042: 9038: 9023: 9019: 9010: 9006: 8999: 8974: 8970: 8963: 8941: 8937: 8922:Chibli Mallat, 8921: 8914: 8905: 8901: 8892: 8888: 8882:What is Sufism? 8879: 8872: 8863: 8854: 8842: 8838: 8826: 8822: 8810: 8806: 8797: 8793: 8781: 8777: 8765: 8761: 8756: 8752: 8740: 8736: 8724: 8720: 8703: 8702: 8698: 8689: 8682: 8673: 8669: 8663:Wayback Machine 8652: 8643: 8633: 8631: 8629: 8609: 8605: 8590: 8586: 8579: 8557: 8553: 8539: 8535: 8528: 8514:Lapidus, Ira M. 8511: 8507: 8500: 8486:Lapidus, Ira M. 8483: 8476: 8469: 8447: 8443: 8436: 8414: 8410: 8403: 8375: 8371: 8364: 8348: 8344: 8337: 8317: 8313: 8303: 8301: 8288: 8287: 8283: 8271:Springer, 2018 8266: 8262: 8245: 8241: 8224: 8220: 8210: 8208: 8197: 8193: 8180: 8173: 8161: 8154: 8139: 8135: 8114: 8112: 8086: 8084: 8071: 8059: 8057: 8042: 8012: 8010: 7993: 7983: 7979: 7969: 7967: 7954: 7953: 7949: 7939: 7937: 7922: 7918: 7901: 7897: 7889: 7885: 7873:ABC-CLIO, 2014 7865: 7861: 7856: 7852: 7835: 7831: 7814: 7805: 7795: 7793: 7778: 7774: 7761: 7760: 7756: 7745: 7741: 7704: 7700: 7693: 7677: 7673: 7666: 7652: 7648: 7641: 7627: 7623: 7616: 7602: 7598: 7591: 7583:. UK: Penguin. 7575: 7571: 7562: 7558: 7551: 7537: 7533: 7526: 7512: 7508: 7491: 7487: 7472: 7468: 7461: 7445: 7441: 7434: 7414: 7410: 7393: 7389: 7382: 7366: 7362: 7352: 7350: 7339: 7335: 7325: 7309: 7305: 7294: 7278: 7274: 7265: 7261: 7249: 7242: 7233: 7229: 7216: 7212: 7199: 7195: 7182: 7178: 7165: 7161: 7148: 7144: 7135: 7131: 7126: 7122: 7117: 7113: 7104: 7100: 7088: 7084: 7075: 7068: 7059: 7052: 7043: 7039: 7018: 7014: 6994: 6990: 6981: 6974: 6965: 6961: 6952: 6948: 6935: 6931: 6923:Ibn Abī Yaʿlā: 6922: 6918: 6913: 6909: 6900: 6893: 6884: 6880: 6867: 6863: 6854: 6850: 6841: 6837: 6828: 6824: 6811: 6807: 6800:Kairo 1928/29. 6795: 6791: 6779: 6775: 6760: 6756: 6743: 6739: 6730: 6726: 6717: 6713: 6704: 6700: 6689: 6675: 6671: 6664: 6645: 6641: 6634: 6618: 6614: 6603: 6596: 6586: 6584: 6564: 6560: 6541: 6537: 6528: 6524: 6517: 6503: 6499: 6492: 6478: 6474: 6467: 6453: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6385: 6342:, etc. and the 6159: 6138: 6049: 6022: 5942: 5937: 5864: 5852:Sunan al-Darimi 5788:Sunan Ibn Majah 5770:Sunan Abu Dawud 5761:Sunan al-Sughra 5722:Kutub al-Sittah 5719: 5716:Kutub al-Sittah 5708:oral traditions 5683: 5641: 5599: 5594: 5535: 5499:visio beatifica 5491: 5452: 5428: 5403: 5398: 5335:imām al-atqiyāʾ 5319:saiyid al-bašar 5303: 5277:God called the 5240: 5235: 5201:repeated them. 5137: 5032: 4972: 4955: 4905: 4900: 4894: 4877:Day of Judgment 4871:Prophets of God 4848:Creed of Tahāwi 4830:The confession 4720: 4683:against Wahabi 4570: 4558:issued by King 4423: 4411: 4354:Ahmed al-Rifa'i 4281:hadith scholars 4099: 4093: 4058: 3992:Minhāj as-sunna 3980: 3863: 3857:school of law. 3717: 3711: 3651: 3641: 3593: 3591: 3584: 3583: 3542: 3541: 3530: 3529: 3521: 3514: 3513: 3504: 3503: 3495: 3489: 3483: 3477: 3471: 3465: 3459: 3452: 3451: 3442: 3441: 3436:Qingzhen Zhinan 3424: 3409: 3394: 3391:Kitab al-Tawhid 3378: 3377: 3366: 3365: 3362: 3355: 3348: 3341: 3334: 3327: 3320: 3313: 3306: 3299: 3296: 3289: 3282: 3279:Hamid Raza Khan 3275: 3268: 3261: 3254: 3247: 3240: 3233: 3226: 3219: 3212: 3205: 3198: 3191: 3188:Amjad Ali Aazmi 3184: 3177: 3170: 3163: 3156: 3149: 3142: 3135: 3128: 3121: 3114: 3111: 3104: 3097: 3090: 3083: 3076: 3069: 3062: 3059: 3052: 3045: 3038: 3031: 3024: 3021: 3014: 3006: 2999: 2992: 2985: 2982: 2979:Ebussuud Efendi 2975: 2972:Ibn Kemal Pasha 2968: 2965: 2957: 2950: 2943: 2936: 2929: 2926: 2919: 2912: 2905: 2902: 2895: 2892: 2885: 2878: 2871: 2864: 2857: 2850: 2843: 2840: 2833: 2830: 2823: 2815: 2814: 2803: 2775: 2740: 2689:Muslim scholars 2677: 2671: 2628: 2616:(d. 941) named 2601: 2530: 2523: 2521: 2514: 2512: 2505: 2497: 2422:, whose leader 2385:Osama bin Laden 2263:Istiqlal Mosque 2256: 2223: 2113: 2087:as the second, 2041: 1832: 1694:. But when the 1676: 1503:Malik al-Ashtar 1495: 1479: 1474: 1456:tabi al-tabi'in 1422: 1411: 1400: 1389: 1188: 1184: 1174: 1136: 1134: 1127: 1126: 1103:Salafi jihadism 1061:Other religions 1056:Arabic language 1018: 1008: 1007: 936:Moral teachings 827: 813: 812: 803:Spread of Islam 748: 738: 737: 725:(jurisprudence) 707:Qisas al-Anbiya 656: 655: 635: 634: 603: 593: 592: 548: 509: 473: 471: 466: 465: 444:Kutub al-Sittah 433: 425: 424: 405: 395: 394: 348: 338: 337: 312: 311: 282: 272: 271: 229: 228: 203: 188: 187: 163: 153: 152: 123: 113: 112: 68: 45: 44: 36: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 22093: 22083: 22082: 22065: 22064: 22062: 22061: 22051: 22040: 22037: 22036: 22033: 22032: 22029: 22028: 22026: 22025: 22020: 22015: 22010: 22005: 22000: 21995: 21990: 21985: 21980: 21975: 21970: 21964: 21962: 21956: 21955: 21953: 21952: 21947: 21942: 21937: 21932: 21927: 21922: 21917: 21912: 21907: 21902: 21897: 21892: 21887: 21881: 21879: 21873: 21872: 21870: 21869: 21864: 21859: 21854: 21849: 21844: 21839: 21834: 21829: 21824: 21819: 21814: 21809: 21804: 21799: 21794: 21789: 21784: 21779: 21774: 21769: 21764: 21759: 21753: 21751: 21745: 21744: 21742: 21741: 21740: 21739: 21734: 21729: 21724: 21717:United Kingdom 21714: 21709: 21704: 21699: 21694: 21689: 21684: 21679: 21674: 21669: 21664: 21659: 21654: 21649: 21644: 21639: 21634: 21629: 21624: 21619: 21614: 21609: 21604: 21599: 21594: 21589: 21584: 21579: 21574: 21569: 21564: 21559: 21554: 21549: 21544: 21539: 21534: 21529: 21524: 21519: 21514: 21509: 21504: 21498: 21496: 21490: 21489: 21487: 21486: 21481: 21476: 21471: 21466: 21461: 21456: 21451: 21446: 21441: 21436: 21431: 21426: 21421: 21416: 21411: 21406: 21401: 21396: 21391: 21386: 21381: 21376: 21371: 21366: 21361: 21356: 21351: 21346: 21345: 21344: 21339: 21329: 21324: 21319: 21314: 21309: 21304: 21299: 21294: 21289: 21284: 21279: 21274: 21269: 21264: 21259: 21254: 21249: 21244: 21239: 21234: 21229: 21223: 21221: 21215: 21214: 21212: 21211: 21206: 21201: 21196: 21191: 21186: 21181: 21176: 21171: 21166: 21161: 21156: 21151: 21146: 21141: 21136: 21131: 21126: 21121: 21116: 21111: 21106: 21101: 21096: 21091: 21086: 21081: 21076: 21071: 21066: 21061: 21056: 21051: 21046: 21041: 21036: 21031: 21026: 21021: 21016: 21011: 21006: 21001: 20996: 20991: 20986: 20981: 20976: 20971: 20966: 20961: 20956: 20951: 20946: 20940: 20938: 20928: 20927: 20917: 20916: 20913: 20912: 20909: 20908: 20906: 20905: 20900: 20895: 20890: 20885: 20880: 20875: 20870: 20865: 20860: 20855: 20850: 20845: 20839: 20837: 20829: 20826: 20825: 20823: 20822: 20817: 20812: 20810:Secularization 20807: 20802: 20797: 20792: 20790:Deconstruction 20787: 20782: 20777: 20772: 20766: 20764: 20754: 20751: 20750: 20748: 20747: 20742: 20741: 20740: 20735: 20730: 20725: 20715: 20710: 20705: 20700: 20695: 20690: 20685: 20680: 20675: 20670: 20665: 20660: 20655: 20650: 20645: 20640: 20638:Fundamentalism 20635: 20634: 20633: 20628: 20623: 20618: 20608: 20603: 20598: 20593: 20592: 20591: 20586: 20581: 20571: 20570: 20569: 20564: 20559: 20545: 20540: 20534: 20532: 20525: 20522: 20521: 20519: 20518: 20513: 20508: 20503: 20502: 20501: 20491: 20486: 20481: 20476: 20471: 20466: 20461: 20456: 20451: 20446: 20440: 20438: 20430: 20429: 20427: 20426: 20421: 20416: 20411: 20406: 20401: 20396: 20391: 20386: 20381: 20375: 20373: 20367: 20366: 20364: 20363: 20362: 20361: 20356: 20351: 20341: 20336: 20331: 20326: 20321: 20316: 20311: 20306: 20305: 20304: 20299: 20294: 20289: 20279: 20278: 20277: 20272: 20267: 20257: 20252: 20247: 20242: 20237: 20232: 20227: 20222: 20217: 20212: 20211: 20210: 20205: 20200: 20190: 20185: 20180: 20175: 20170: 20165: 20160: 20155: 20150: 20145: 20140: 20135: 20130: 20125: 20116: 20114:Call to prayer 20111: 20106: 20101: 20099:Disaffiliation 20091: 20089: 20081: 20080: 20070: 20069: 20066: 20065: 20063: 20062: 20057: 20052: 20047: 20042: 20037: 20032: 20027: 20026: 20025: 20020: 20015: 20005: 20004: 20003: 19998: 19993: 19988: 19983: 19973: 19968: 19967: 19966: 19961: 19956: 19946: 19945: 19944: 19939: 19929: 19928: 19927: 19922: 19917: 19912: 19902: 19897: 19896: 19895: 19885: 19884: 19883: 19878: 19868: 19863: 19862: 19861: 19851: 19846: 19841: 19836: 19831: 19826: 19821: 19816: 19815: 19814: 19809: 19804: 19799: 19797:Greco-Buddhism 19794: 19784: 19783: 19782: 19777: 19772: 19767: 19757: 19752: 19751: 19750: 19740: 19735: 19730: 19729: 19728: 19718: 19713: 19708: 19707: 19706: 19701: 19691: 19686: 19685: 19684: 19679: 19674: 19664: 19659: 19654: 19649: 19648: 19647: 19636: 19633: 19632: 19620: 19619: 19616: 19615: 19612: 19611: 19608: 19607: 19605: 19604: 19603: 19602: 19592: 19587: 19582: 19577: 19572: 19567: 19562: 19557: 19551: 19549: 19545: 19544: 19542: 19541: 19540: 19539: 19527: 19522: 19521: 19520: 19515: 19510: 19505: 19500: 19495: 19490: 19480: 19475: 19470: 19465: 19460: 19455: 19450: 19445: 19440: 19439: 19438: 19428: 19427: 19426: 19421: 19411: 19410: 19409: 19404: 19394: 19389: 19388: 19387: 19378: 19376: 19368: 19367: 19365: 19364: 19359: 19354: 19349: 19348: 19347: 19342: 19332: 19327: 19322: 19317: 19312: 19311: 19310: 19300: 19295: 19290: 19285: 19280: 19275: 19270: 19265: 19260: 19255: 19249: 19247: 19240: 19230: 19229: 19226: 19225: 19223: 19222: 19217: 19212: 19207: 19201: 19199: 19195: 19194: 19191: 19190: 19188: 19187: 19186: 19185: 19180: 19175: 19170: 19165: 19160: 19158:Tambor de Mina 19155: 19150: 19145: 19140: 19135: 19130: 19125: 19120: 19115: 19114: 19113: 19108: 19103: 19084: 19083: 19082: 19081: 19071: 19066: 19061: 19056: 19051: 19046: 19041: 19036: 19031: 19026: 19021: 19016: 19011: 19006: 19001: 18996: 18991: 18986: 18985: 18984: 18979: 18969: 18964: 18959: 18953: 18951: 18943: 18942: 18940: 18939: 18938: 18937: 18935:Guanche church 18926: 18924: 18917: 18909: 18908: 18906: 18905: 18900: 18895: 18890: 18885: 18880: 18875: 18870: 18865: 18860: 18855: 18850: 18844: 18842: 18840:Tibeto-Burmese 18836: 18835: 18833: 18832: 18827: 18822: 18817: 18811: 18809: 18799: 18798: 18796: 18795: 18790: 18785: 18780: 18775: 18770: 18769: 18768: 18763: 18753: 18748: 18746:Nuu-chah-nulth 18743: 18738: 18733: 18728: 18727: 18726: 18721: 18716: 18711: 18701: 18696: 18691: 18690: 18689: 18679: 18674: 18669: 18668: 18667: 18662: 18657: 18655:Muscogee Creek 18652: 18647: 18637: 18632: 18627: 18622: 18613: 18608: 18603: 18598: 18597: 18596: 18591: 18581: 18580: 18579: 18574: 18569: 18564: 18554: 18549: 18544: 18543: 18542: 18537: 18532: 18522: 18517: 18511: 18509: 18501: 18500: 18498: 18497: 18492: 18490:Sumbese Marapu 18487: 18486: 18485: 18480: 18470: 18469: 18468: 18458: 18453: 18448: 18443: 18442: 18441: 18436: 18428: 18427: 18426: 18421: 18411: 18409:Batak Parmalim 18405: 18403: 18397: 18396: 18394: 18393: 18387: 18385: 18379: 18378: 18376: 18375: 18374: 18373: 18368: 18358: 18357: 18356: 18351: 18346: 18331: 18329: 18320: 18314: 18313: 18310: 18309: 18306: 18305: 18303: 18302: 18301: 18300: 18295: 18285: 18280: 18275: 18270: 18265: 18264: 18263: 18258: 18248: 18243: 18237: 18235: 18231: 18230: 18228: 18227: 18220: 18215: 18214: 18213: 18203: 18202: 18201: 18196: 18191: 18173: 18167: 18165: 18159: 18158: 18156: 18155: 18148: 18143: 18138: 18133: 18128: 18123: 18118: 18117: 18116: 18111: 18106: 18101: 18096: 18091: 18086: 18081: 18071: 18070: 18069: 18064: 18059: 18054: 18049: 18044: 18039: 18034: 18029: 18018: 18016: 18007: 18001: 18000: 17997: 17996: 17994: 17993: 17988: 17983: 17978: 17973: 17967: 17965: 17959: 17958: 17956: 17955: 17950: 17945: 17939: 17937: 17931: 17930: 17928: 17927: 17922: 17917: 17912: 17911: 17910: 17897: 17895: 17889: 17888: 17886: 17885: 17884: 17883: 17878: 17868: 17867: 17866: 17861: 17851: 17846: 17841: 17836: 17830: 17828: 17819: 17810: 17804: 17803: 17800: 17799: 17796: 17795: 17793: 17792: 17787: 17782: 17776: 17774: 17770: 17769: 17767: 17766: 17761: 17756: 17751: 17745: 17743: 17737: 17736: 17734: 17733: 17728: 17723: 17721:Ilm-e-Khshnoom 17717: 17715: 17706: 17700: 17699: 17696: 17695: 17693: 17692: 17687: 17682: 17677: 17672: 17667: 17662: 17656: 17654: 17650: 17649: 17647: 17646: 17639: 17634: 17629: 17624: 17619: 17614: 17609: 17608: 17607: 17597: 17592: 17591: 17590: 17585: 17580: 17575: 17565: 17564: 17563: 17562: 17561: 17556: 17546: 17541: 17536: 17525: 17523: 17517: 17516: 17514: 17513: 17506: 17505: 17504: 17499: 17494: 17489: 17484: 17479: 17474: 17469: 17464: 17458:Bible Students 17450: 17445: 17440: 17435: 17430: 17428:Restorationism 17425: 17424: 17423: 17418: 17413: 17408: 17407: 17406: 17396: 17391: 17386: 17384:Evangelicalism 17381: 17380: 17379: 17374: 17369: 17359: 17358: 17357: 17352: 17347: 17337: 17332: 17327: 17326: 17325: 17320: 17315: 17310: 17305: 17295: 17285: 17284: 17283: 17278: 17264: 17263: 17262: 17257: 17247: 17242: 17241: 17240: 17230: 17229: 17228: 17223: 17212: 17210: 17204: 17203: 17201: 17200: 17193: 17188: 17183: 17178: 17173: 17168: 17163: 17158: 17157: 17156: 17155: 17154: 17144: 17143: 17142: 17126: 17124: 17115: 17106: 17096: 17095: 17083: 17082: 17075: 17074: 17067: 17060: 17052: 17043: 17042: 17040: 17039: 17032: 17029:Lisan al-Mizan 17025: 17018: 17011: 17003: 17001: 16995: 16994: 16992: 16991: 16984: 16977: 16969: 16967: 16958: 16955: 16954: 16952: 16951: 16944: 16941:Sharah Arbaeen 16937: 16930: 16927:Irshad al-Sari 16923: 16916: 16908: 16906: 16902: 16901: 16899: 16898: 16891: 16886: 16879: 16871: 16869: 16865: 16864: 16862: 16861: 16854: 16847: 16840: 16833: 16826: 16819: 16812: 16805: 16798: 16791: 16783: 16781: 16777: 16776: 16773: 16772: 16770: 16769: 16762: 16755: 16748: 16741: 16734: 16727: 16720: 16717:Musnad Humaidi 16713: 16706: 16699: 16692: 16685: 16677: 16675: 16671: 16670: 16668: 16667: 16660: 16653: 16645: 16643: 16639: 16638: 16636: 16635: 16627: 16625: 16621: 16620: 16618: 16617: 16610: 16603: 16595: 16593: 16589: 16588: 16586: 16585: 16578: 16571: 16564: 16556: 16554: 16550: 16549: 16547: 16546: 16539: 16532: 16525: 16518: 16510: 16508: 16504: 16503: 16501: 16500: 16493: 16486: 16479: 16472: 16465: 16457: 16455: 16446: 16442: 16441: 16430: 16429: 16422: 16415: 16407: 16398: 16397: 16395: 16394: 16384: 16371: 16368: 16367: 16364: 16363: 16360: 16359: 16357: 16356: 16351: 16346: 16341: 16336: 16331: 16326: 16321: 16316: 16315: 16314: 16304: 16303: 16302: 16297: 16292: 16282: 16277: 16276: 16275: 16270: 16259: 16257: 16256:Related topics 16253: 16252: 16250: 16249: 16244: 16239: 16234: 16228: 16226: 16220: 16219: 16217: 16216: 16211: 16206: 16201: 16196: 16191: 16190: 16189: 16184: 16179: 16168: 16166: 16156: 16155: 16142: 16141: 16138: 16137: 16134: 16133: 16131: 16130: 16125: 16118: 16113: 16112: 16111: 16101: 16096: 16091: 16086: 16081: 16075: 16073: 16069: 16068: 16066: 16065: 16060: 16055: 16050: 16044: 16042: 16036: 16035: 16033: 16032: 16027: 16022: 16017: 16012: 16007: 16002: 15997: 15991: 15989: 15983: 15982: 15980: 15979: 15974: 15969: 15964: 15959: 15954: 15949: 15944: 15938: 15936: 15926: 15925: 15910: 15909: 15906: 15905: 15902: 15901: 15899: 15898: 15893: 15892: 15891: 15879: 15877:Sources of law 15874: 15869: 15868: 15867: 15857: 15850: 15845: 15838: 15833: 15826: 15821: 15816: 15811: 15806: 15801: 15796: 15791: 15784: 15777: 15776: 15775: 15770: 15765: 15755: 15750: 15742: 15740: 15736: 15735: 15733: 15732: 15725: 15718: 15711: 15704: 15697: 15690: 15682: 15680: 15678: 15677: 15672: 15667: 15661: 15658: 15657: 15655: 15654: 15647: 15642: 15635: 15628: 15621: 15613: 15611: 15605: 15604: 15602: 15601: 15594: 15587: 15580: 15573: 15568: 15562: 15560: 15550: 15549: 15546: 15545: 15540: 15534: 15526: 15525: 15522: 15521: 15519: 15518: 15513: 15508: 15503: 15501:Social welfare 15498: 15493: 15486: 15481: 15476: 15471: 15466: 15461: 15456: 15451: 15446: 15441: 15436: 15431: 15426: 15421: 15415: 15413: 15411: 15410: 15405: 15399: 15396: 15395: 15393: 15392: 15387: 15382: 15381: 15380: 15370: 15365: 15364: 15363: 15358: 15357: 15356: 15351: 15350: 15349: 15344: 15339: 15326: 15312: 15311: 15310: 15305: 15304: 15303: 15293: 15288: 15283: 15273: 15268: 15267: 15266: 15265: 15264: 15254: 15249: 15244: 15239: 15228: 15226: 15220: 15219: 15217: 15216: 15209: 15204: 15199: 15194: 15188: 15186: 15180: 15179: 15177: 15176: 15175: 15174: 15169: 15164: 15159: 15154: 15149: 15144: 15139: 15127: 15122: 15115: 15108: 15106:Historiography 15103: 15098: 15093: 15088: 15082: 15080: 15078: 15077: 15072: 15066: 15063: 15062: 15060: 15059: 15052: 15045: 15038: 15031: 15023: 15021: 15015: 15014: 15012: 15011: 15006: 15001: 14994: 14989: 14984: 14979: 14978: 14977: 14967: 14960: 14959: 14958: 14947: 14945: 14935: 14934: 14927: 14924: 14923: 14915: 14914: 14907: 14900: 14892: 14883: 14882: 14879: 14878: 14875: 14874: 14872: 14871: 14866: 14861: 14856: 14851: 14846: 14838: 14835: 14834: 14831: 14830: 14828: 14827: 14822: 14817: 14812: 14807: 14802: 14796: 14794: 14788: 14787: 14785: 14784: 14779: 14778: 14777: 14772: 14763: 14748: 14746: 14740: 14739: 14737: 14736: 14735: 14734: 14728: 14723: 14718: 14713: 14711:Muhammad Abduh 14702: 14700: 14694: 14693: 14691: 14690: 14689: 14688: 14670: 14669: 14668: 14654: 14653: 14652: 14634: 14633: 14632: 14615: 14614: 14613: 14608: 14603: 14592: 14590: 14581: 14571: 14570: 14567: 14566: 14564: 14563: 14562: 14561: 14556: 14554:Rashad Khalifa 14546: 14545: 14544: 14539: 14537:Muhammad Iqbal 14529: 14524: 14518: 14516: 14510: 14509: 14507: 14506: 14505: 14504: 14498: 14497: 14496: 14490: 14489: 14488: 14487: 14486: 14480: 14477: 14471: 14468: 14467: 14466: 14465: 14464: 14455: 14454: 14453: 14445: 14444: 14443: 14442: 14441: 14436: 14428: 14421: 14419: 14407: 14406: 14404: 14403: 14390: 14383:Bektashi Order 14376: 14367: 14353: 14351: 14342: 14328: 14327: 14324: 14323: 14321: 14320: 14319: 14318: 14310: 14305: 14300: 14297: 14296: 14295: 14287: 14286: 14285: 14279: 14274: 14273: 14272: 14262: 14261: 14260: 14254: 14253: 14252: 14246: 14245: 14244: 14236: 14235: 14234: 14232:Abu al-Khattab 14223: 14221: 14215: 14214: 14212: 14211: 14210: 14209: 14204: 14199: 14190:Abū Hulmān al- 14183: 14180: 14179: 14178: 14171: 14169: 14160: 14154: 14153: 14150: 14149: 14147: 14146: 14145:Amr ibn Murrah 14143: 14142:Ahmad ibn Hārb 14140: 14137: 14134: 14131: 14130:Salm ibn Sālem 14128: 14125: 14122: 14119: 14116: 14113: 14110: 14105: 14099: 14097: 14093: 14092: 14090: 14089: 14088: 14087: 14081: 14080: 14079: 14073: 14072: 14071: 14065: 14064: 14063: 14062:Sāleh ibn Umar 14057: 14056: 14055: 14049: 14048: 14047: 14041: 14040: 14039: 14038:Gassān al-Kūfī 14033: 14032: 14031: 14025: 14024: 14023: 14016: 14014: 14010: 14009: 14007: 14006: 14005: 14004: 14001: 13998: 13995: 13992: 13989: 13986: 13983: 13980: 13977: 13974: 13971: 13968: 13965: 13962: 13959: 13952: 13950: 13941: 13921: 13920: 13917: 13916: 13914: 13913: 13908: 13907: 13906: 13896: 13887: 13885:Jābir ibn Zayd 13882: 13876: 13874: 13868: 13867: 13865: 13864: 13863: 13862: 13853: 13843: 13842: 13841: 13831: 13830: 13829: 13823: 13822: 13821: 13811: 13810: 13809: 13806: 13803: 13796: 13794: 13785: 13773: 13772: 13769: 13768: 13766: 13765: 13760: 13759: 13758: 13753:Tawussite Shia 13750: 13749: 13748: 13734: 13733: 13732: 13718: 13712: 13710: 13703: 13702: 13700: 13699: 13698: 13697: 13692: 13691: 13690: 13685: 13684: 13683: 13678: 13677: 13676: 13671: 13656: 13655: 13654: 13636: 13635: 13634: 13633: 13632: 13626: 13625: 13624: 13621: 13620: 13619: 13616: 13608: 13593: 13592: 13591: 13580: 13578: 13570: 13569: 13567: 13566: 13565: 13564: 13555: 13542: 13528: 13527: 13526: 13514: 13513: 13512: 13507: 13506: 13505: 13500: 13495: 13475: 13474: 13473: 13456: 13438: 13437: 13436: 13425: 13423: 13413: 13412: 13410: 13409: 13408: 13407: 13398: 13384: 13383: 13382: 13365: 13347: 13346: 13345: 13319: 13318: 13317: 13312: 13311: 13310: 13305: 13289: 13287: 13274: 13252: 13251: 13248: 13247: 13245: 13244: 13243: 13242: 13237: 13227: 13226: 13225: 13223:Imams of Yemen 13220: 13218:Yahya ibn Umar 13215: 13214: 13213: 13203: 13198: 13193: 13182: 13180: 13171: 13165: 13164: 13161: 13160: 13158: 13157: 13156: 13155: 13154: 13153: 13144: 13131: 13108: 13107: 13106: 13105: 13104: 13090: 13079: 13077: 13065: 13064: 13062: 13061: 13060: 13059: 13054: 13049: 13048: 13047: 13042: 13041: 13040: 13035: 13030: 13020: 13019: 13018: 13013: 13008: 13003: 12993: 12992: 12991: 12972: 12962: 12961: 12960: 12955: 12950: 12940: 12939: 12938: 12929: 12927: 12912: 12902: 12901: 12889: 12888: 12885: 12884: 12881: 12880: 12878: 12877: 12872: 12866: 12863: 12862: 12859: 12858: 12856: 12855: 12844: 12833: 12826:Kitab al-Majmu 12822: 12814: 12812: 12808: 12807: 12805: 12804: 12797: 12792: 12785: 12778: 12771: 12763: 12761: 12755: 12754: 12752: 12751: 12744: 12737: 12730: 12723: 12716: 12709: 12702: 12695: 12688: 12681: 12674: 12667: 12664:Asas al-Taqdis 12659: 12657: 12648: 12644: 12643: 12640: 12639: 12637: 12636: 12631: 12626: 12621: 12616: 12610: 12608: 12602: 12601: 12599: 12598: 12593: 12588: 12583: 12578: 12577: 12576: 12566: 12561: 12556: 12551: 12546: 12540: 12538: 12532: 12531: 12529: 12528: 12527: 12526: 12516: 12514:Ja'far Sobhani 12511: 12506: 12501: 12496: 12491: 12486: 12481: 12476: 12471: 12466: 12465: 12464: 12459: 12454: 12449: 12444: 12439: 12434: 12429: 12424: 12419: 12417:Husayn ibn Ali 12414: 12409: 12398: 12396: 12390: 12389: 12387: 12386: 12385: 12384: 12376: 12375: 12374: 12364: 12363: 12362: 12352: 12350:Salman al-Ouda 12347: 12346: 12345: 12343:Sahwa movement 12335: 12333:Zubair Ali Zai 12330: 12325: 12324: 12323: 12313: 12312: 12311: 12301: 12296: 12291: 12286: 12281: 12276: 12271: 12266: 12265: 12264: 12254: 12249: 12243: 12241: 12235: 12234: 12232: 12231: 12230: 12229: 12226: 12223: 12220: 12213: 12211: 12205: 12204: 12202: 12201: 12198: 12193: 12188: 12183: 12181:Al-Zamakhshari 12178: 12177: 12176: 12166: 12160: 12157: 12154: 12151: 12145: 12142: 12139: 12136: 12133: 12126: 12124: 12112: 12111: 12109: 12108: 12088: 12086: 12080: 12079: 12077: 12076: 12066: 12065: 12064: 12056: 12040: 12029: 12027: 12021: 12020: 12018: 12017: 12016: 12015: 12014: 12013: 12000: 11999: 11998: 11987: 11985: 11979: 11978: 11976: 11975: 11970: 11965: 11960: 11955: 11950: 11945: 11940: 11935: 11930: 11925: 11920: 11918:Ahmad Sirhindi 11915: 11910: 11905: 11900: 11895: 11890: 11885: 11880: 11875: 11870: 11865: 11860: 11855: 11850: 11845: 11840: 11835: 11830: 11825: 11820: 11814: 11812: 11800: 11799: 11797: 11796: 11786: 11779:Malik ibn Anas 11776: 11765: 11763: 11754: 11753: 11751: 11750: 11745: 11740: 11735: 11730: 11725: 11720: 11715: 11710: 11705: 11700: 11695: 11690: 11685: 11680: 11675: 11670: 11665: 11660: 11655: 11650: 11645: 11640: 11635: 11630: 11625: 11620: 11615: 11610: 11605: 11600: 11595: 11590: 11585: 11580: 11575: 11570: 11565: 11560: 11555: 11550: 11545: 11543:Al-Shahrastani 11540: 11535: 11530: 11525: 11519: 11517: 11502: 11496: 11495: 11492: 11491: 11489: 11488: 11483: 11478: 11472: 11470: 11464: 11463: 11461: 11460: 11455: 11450: 11444: 11442: 11436: 11435: 11433: 11432: 11427: 11422: 11417: 11411: 11409: 11403: 11402: 11400: 11399: 11394: 11389: 11383: 11381: 11372: 11364: 11363: 11360: 11359: 11356: 11351: 11347: 11339: 11338: 11331: 11330: 11323: 11316: 11308: 11302: 11301: 11289: 11286: 11285: 11284: 11268: 11257: 11246: 11223: 11216: 11205: 11197:McHugo, John. 11195: 11184: 11173: 11166: 11159: 11148: 11141: 11134: 11124: 11113: 11104: 11101: 11098: 11097: 11077: 11076: 11074: 11071: 11068: 11067: 11055: 11039: 11027: 11024:. islam.in.ua. 11013: 10992: 10976: 10963: 10947: 10930: 10921: 10912: 10899: 10886: 10877:ʿAlī al-Qārī: 10870: 10851: 10838: 10821: 10812: 10799: 10786: 10770: 10761: 10741: 10721: 10701: 10669: 10653: 10637: 10621: 10608: 10595: 10582: 10576:Ibn al-Ǧauzī: 10566: 10553: 10540: 10527: 10511: 10498: 10485: 10472: 10459: 10446: 10433: 10420: 10407: 10394: 10381: 10365: 10350: 10337: 10324: 10322:. 1843, S. 12. 10311: 10298: 10280: 10267: 10251: 10249:. 1843, p. 12. 10238: 10232:Vgl. van Ess: 10225: 10212: 10199: 10186: 10173: 10160: 10158:. 1843, p. 28. 10147: 10134: 10121: 10108: 10095: 10082: 10069: 10053: 10029: 10016: 10003: 10001:. 1843, p. 18. 9990: 9977: 9962: 9938: 9920: 9905: 9885: 9872: 9856: 9840: 9824: 9818:Ibn al-Ǧauzī: 9808: 9795: 9773: 9760: 9747: 9734: 9721: 9708: 9695: 9682: 9669: 9647: 9621: 9615:Clemens Wein: 9608: 9595: 9589:Henri Laoust: 9582: 9570: 9554: 9548:Ibn al-Ǧauzī: 9530: 9505: 9494:Joseph Schacht 9477: 9464: 9450: 9435: 9429:. Routhledge. 9415: 9394: 9381: 9364: 9355: 9341: 9334: 9314: 9296: 9266: 9247: 9228: 9208: 9201: 9185:, ed. (2003). 9171: 9145: 9142:978-1405178488 9114: 9093:"Law, Islamic" 9084: 9081:978-9004162419 9049: 9036: 9017: 9004: 8998:978-0199739356 8997: 8968: 8962:978-0195305135 8961: 8935: 8932:978-0199230495 8912: 8899: 8886: 8880:Martin Lings, 8870: 8852: 8836: 8820: 8804: 8791: 8775: 8759: 8750: 8734: 8718: 8696: 8680: 8667: 8641: 8628:978-0199696703 8627: 8603: 8584: 8578:978-1137473578 8577: 8551: 8533: 8527:978-0521514309 8526: 8505: 8499:978-0521514309 8498: 8474: 8468:978-1137473578 8467: 8441: 8435:978-1137473578 8434: 8408: 8402:978-0199696703 8401: 8369: 8363:978-8178357195 8362: 8342: 8336:978-0230106581 8335: 8311: 8290:"Maturidiyyah" 8281: 8277:978-3319973555 8260: 8256:978-9004357242 8239: 8235:978-9004357242 8218: 8191: 8171: 8152: 8133: 8131: 8130: 8124: 8096: 8069: 8040: 8034: 8028: 8022: 7991: 7977: 7947: 7930:South Carolina 7916: 7912:978-1107101524 7895: 7883: 7879:978-1610691789 7859: 7850: 7848:, pp. 120–121. 7846:978-9004185920 7829: 7827:, pp. 114–116. 7825:978-9004185920 7803: 7772: 7769:. 15 May 2015. 7754: 7751:. p. 547. 7739: 7698: 7692:978-1845112578 7691: 7671: 7665:978-0333098714 7664: 7646: 7640:978-0313340123 7639: 7621: 7615:978-0582086951 7614: 7596: 7590:978-0141968704 7589: 7569: 7563:Gail Minault, 7556: 7550:978-1138953215 7549: 7531: 7525:978-0195793871 7524: 7506: 7485: 7466: 7460:978-1273126963 7459: 7439: 7433:978-0385523936 7432: 7408: 7387: 7381:978-0231521659 7380: 7360: 7341:Tore Kjeilen. 7333: 7324:978-0231531924 7323: 7303: 7293:978-0231531924 7292: 7272: 7259: 7240: 7227: 7225:. 1994, S. 56. 7210: 7208:. 1994, S. 53. 7193: 7191:. 1994, S. 53. 7176: 7174:. 1920, S. 38. 7159: 7142: 7129: 7120: 7111: 7098: 7082: 7066: 7050: 7037: 7012: 6988: 6982:So al-Ašʿarī: 6972: 6959: 6946: 6929: 6916: 6907: 6891: 6878: 6861: 6859:. 1997, S. 49. 6848: 6835: 6822: 6805: 6789: 6773: 6754: 6737: 6724: 6711: 6698: 6688:978-0195793871 6687: 6669: 6662: 6639: 6633:978-1610691789 6632: 6612: 6594: 6558: 6535: 6522: 6516:978-0805418293 6515: 6497: 6491:978-9004172739 6490: 6472: 6466:978-1135165956 6465: 6446: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6437: 6435:Majlis Al-Noor 6432: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6377:Ahmed el-Tayeb 6340:Hizb ut-Tahrir 6312:Ahmed el-Tayeb 6288:Ramzan Kadyrov 6232:those who are 6225:Aqīda Wāsiṭīya 6166:Ahmed el-Tayeb 6158: 6155: 6137: 6134: 6126:Party of ʿAlīs 6101: 6100: 6085: 6078: 6071: 6068: 6021: 6018: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5929:mezhepler üstü 5863: 5860: 5859: 5858: 5849: 5840: 5835: 5826: 5817: 5808: 5795: 5794: 5785: 5776: 5767: 5758: 5749: 5718: 5713: 5682: 5678:Sunni view of 5676: 5640: 5637: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5534: 5531: 5490: 5487: 5451: 5448: 5427: 5424: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5333:of the godly ( 5302: 5299: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5171:ar-rūḥ al-amīn 5136: 5133: 5072:. God hid the 5031: 5028: 4971: 4968: 4954: 4951: 4904: 4901: 4896:Main article: 4893: 4890: 4889: 4888: 4879: 4873: 4869:Belief in the 4867: 4864: 4860:Belief in the 4858: 4856:Oneness of God 4854:Belief in the 4840: 4839: 4828: 4809: 4778: 4771: 4752: 4719: 4713: 4677:1857 rebellion 4633:United Kingdom 4569: 4564: 4537:Ottoman Empire 4467:Islamic belief 4422: 4419: 4410: 4407: 4325:aʾimma al-hudā 4279:), namely the 4261: 4260: 4241: 4211: 4180:the people of 4095:Main article: 4092: 4089: 4057: 4054: 3979: 3976: 3862: 3859: 3713:Main article: 3710: 3707: 3683:Ottoman Empire 3677:, migrated to 3647:Main article: 3643: 3642: 3640: 3639: 3632: 3625: 3617: 3614: 3613: 3612: 3611: 3601: 3586: 3585: 3582: 3581: 3576: 3570: 3569: 3565: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3548: 3547: 3543: 3539:Related groups 3537: 3536: 3535: 3532: 3531: 3528: 3527: 3522: 3515: 3511: 3510: 3509: 3506: 3505: 3502: 3501: 3496: 3490: 3484: 3478: 3472: 3466: 3460: 3453: 3449: 3448: 3447: 3444: 3443: 3440: 3439: 3432: 3425: 3417: 3410: 3402: 3395: 3387: 3379: 3373: 3372: 3371: 3368: 3367: 3364: 3363: 3361:(d. 1443/2021) 3356: 3349: 3347:(d. 1434/2013) 3342: 3335: 3328: 3326:(d. 1412/1992) 3321: 3314: 3312:(d. 1403/1983) 3307: 3305:(d. 1402/1982) 3298: 3297: 3290: 3283: 3276: 3274:(d. 1397/1977) 3269: 3262: 3260:(d. 1394/1974) 3255: 3253:(d. 1394/1974) 3248: 3241: 3239:(d. 1384/1965) 3234: 3227: 3225:(d. 1377/1957) 3220: 3218:(d. 1374/1954) 3213: 3211:(d. 1371/1951) 3206: 3199: 3192: 3185: 3183:(d. 1364/1944) 3178: 3176:(d. 1362/1943) 3171: 3169:(d. 1361/1942) 3164: 3162:(d. 1352/1933) 3157: 3155:(d. 1346/1927) 3150: 3148:(d. 1339/1921) 3143: 3141:(d. 1323/1905) 3136: 3134:(d. 1317/1899) 3129: 3127:(d. 1297/1880) 3122: 3120:(d. 1304/1887) 3113: 3112: 3110:(d. 1298/1880) 3105: 3103:(d. 1291/1874) 3101:Yusuf Ma Dexin 3098: 3096:(d. 1278/1861) 3091: 3089:(d. 1257/1841) 3084: 3082:(d. 1252/1836) 3077: 3075:(d. 1239/1824) 3070: 3068:(d. 1205/1791) 3061: 3060: 3053: 3051:(d. 1161/1748) 3046: 3044:(d. 1144/1731) 3039: 3037:(d. 1137/1725) 3032: 3023: 3022: 3015: 3013:(d. 1067/1657) 3007: 3005:(d. 1034/1624) 3000: 2998:(d. 1025/1616) 2993: 2991:(d. 1014/1606) 2984: 2983: 2976: 2967: 2966: 2958: 2951: 2944: 2937: 2928: 2927: 2920: 2913: 2904: 2903: 2894: 2893: 2886: 2879: 2872: 2865: 2858: 2851: 2842: 2841: 2832: 2831: 2824: 2816: 2810: 2809: 2808: 2805: 2804: 2802: 2801: 2796: 2791: 2785: 2782: 2781: 2777: 2776: 2766: 2758: 2757: 2751: 2750: 2739: 2736: 2721:Regarding the 2673:Main article: 2670: 2667: 2600: 2597: 2584:South Carolina 2557:true believers 2522: 2513: 2504: 2496: 2493: 2408:North Caucasus 2279:Ottoman Empire 2255: 2252: 2244:Jafar al Sādiq 2232:Malik ibn Anas 2222: 2219: 2126:Walid bin Uqba 2112: 2109: 2083:as the first, 2040: 2037: 1959:in the phrase 1831: 1828: 1675: 1672: 1501:). It is said 1499: 644–656 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1426: 656–661 1415: 644–656 1404: 634–644 1393: 632–634 1335:public welfare 1176: 1175: 1173: 1172: 1165: 1158: 1150: 1147: 1146: 1145: 1144: 1129: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1118: 1117: 1116: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1090: 1085: 1084: 1083: 1078: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1031: 1030: 1025: 1019: 1016:Related topics 1014: 1013: 1010: 1009: 1006: 1005: 1000: 998:Social welfare 995: 990: 989: 988: 978: 973: 968: 963: 958: 953: 948: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 918: 913: 908: 903: 898: 893: 892: 891: 886: 876: 875: 874: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 828: 819: 818: 815: 814: 811: 810: 805: 800: 795: 790: 784: 783: 776: 769: 761: 760: 755: 749: 744: 743: 740: 739: 736: 735: 727: 718: 717: 711: 703: 695: 686: 685: 665: 657: 654: 653: 648: 642: 641: 640: 637: 636: 633: 632: 627: 622: 616: 615: 610: 604: 599: 598: 595: 594: 591: 590: 588:Predestination 584: 583: 578: 572: 571: 569:Revealed Books 566: 560: 559: 549: 544: 543: 540: 539: 531: 530: 524: 523: 511: 510: 508: 507: 500: 493: 485: 482: 481: 468: 467: 464: 463: 462: 461: 450: 449: 448: 447: 434: 431: 430: 427: 426: 423: 422: 417: 412: 406: 401: 400: 397: 396: 393: 392: 387: 382: 377: 376: 375: 370: 360: 355: 349: 344: 343: 340: 339: 336: 335: 309: 308: 298: 283: 278: 277: 274: 273: 270: 269: 262: 255: 248: 241: 226: 225: 220: 215: 210: 204: 194: 193: 190: 189: 186: 185: 180: 175: 170: 164: 159: 158: 155: 154: 151: 150: 145: 140: 135: 130: 124: 119: 118: 115: 114: 111: 110: 105: 103:Predestination 100: 95: 90: 85: 80: 75: 69: 64: 63: 60: 59: 51: 50: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 22092: 22081: 22078: 22077: 22075: 22060: 22056: 22052: 22050: 22042: 22041: 22038: 22024: 22021: 22019: 22016: 22014: 22011: 22009: 22006: 22004: 22001: 21999: 21996: 21994: 21991: 21989: 21986: 21984: 21981: 21979: 21976: 21974: 21971: 21969: 21966: 21965: 21963: 21961: 21960:South America 21957: 21951: 21948: 21946: 21943: 21941: 21938: 21936: 21933: 21931: 21928: 21926: 21923: 21921: 21918: 21916: 21913: 21911: 21908: 21906: 21903: 21901: 21898: 21896: 21893: 21891: 21888: 21886: 21883: 21882: 21880: 21878: 21874: 21868: 21867:United States 21865: 21863: 21860: 21858: 21855: 21853: 21850: 21848: 21845: 21843: 21840: 21838: 21835: 21833: 21830: 21828: 21825: 21823: 21820: 21818: 21815: 21813: 21810: 21808: 21805: 21803: 21800: 21798: 21795: 21793: 21790: 21788: 21785: 21783: 21780: 21778: 21775: 21773: 21770: 21768: 21765: 21763: 21760: 21758: 21755: 21754: 21752: 21750: 21749:North America 21746: 21738: 21735: 21733: 21730: 21728: 21725: 21723: 21720: 21719: 21718: 21715: 21713: 21710: 21708: 21705: 21703: 21700: 21698: 21695: 21693: 21690: 21688: 21685: 21683: 21680: 21678: 21675: 21673: 21670: 21668: 21665: 21663: 21660: 21658: 21655: 21653: 21650: 21648: 21645: 21643: 21640: 21638: 21635: 21633: 21630: 21628: 21625: 21623: 21620: 21618: 21615: 21613: 21610: 21608: 21607:Liechtenstein 21605: 21603: 21600: 21598: 21595: 21593: 21590: 21588: 21585: 21583: 21580: 21578: 21575: 21573: 21570: 21568: 21565: 21563: 21560: 21558: 21555: 21553: 21550: 21548: 21545: 21543: 21540: 21538: 21535: 21533: 21530: 21528: 21525: 21523: 21520: 21518: 21515: 21513: 21510: 21508: 21505: 21503: 21500: 21499: 21497: 21495: 21491: 21485: 21482: 21480: 21477: 21475: 21472: 21470: 21467: 21465: 21462: 21460: 21457: 21455: 21452: 21450: 21447: 21445: 21442: 21440: 21437: 21435: 21432: 21430: 21427: 21425: 21422: 21420: 21417: 21415: 21412: 21410: 21407: 21405: 21402: 21400: 21397: 21395: 21392: 21390: 21387: 21385: 21382: 21380: 21377: 21375: 21372: 21370: 21367: 21365: 21362: 21360: 21357: 21355: 21352: 21350: 21347: 21343: 21340: 21338: 21335: 21334: 21333: 21330: 21328: 21325: 21323: 21320: 21318: 21315: 21313: 21310: 21308: 21305: 21303: 21300: 21298: 21295: 21293: 21290: 21288: 21285: 21283: 21280: 21278: 21275: 21273: 21270: 21268: 21265: 21263: 21260: 21258: 21255: 21253: 21250: 21248: 21245: 21243: 21240: 21238: 21235: 21233: 21230: 21228: 21225: 21224: 21222: 21220: 21216: 21210: 21207: 21205: 21202: 21200: 21197: 21195: 21192: 21190: 21187: 21185: 21182: 21180: 21177: 21175: 21172: 21170: 21167: 21165: 21162: 21160: 21157: 21155: 21152: 21150: 21147: 21145: 21142: 21140: 21137: 21135: 21132: 21130: 21127: 21125: 21122: 21120: 21117: 21115: 21112: 21110: 21107: 21105: 21102: 21100: 21097: 21095: 21092: 21090: 21087: 21085: 21082: 21080: 21077: 21075: 21072: 21070: 21067: 21065: 21062: 21060: 21059:Guinea-Bissau 21057: 21055: 21052: 21050: 21047: 21045: 21042: 21040: 21037: 21035: 21032: 21030: 21027: 21025: 21022: 21020: 21017: 21015: 21012: 21010: 21007: 21005: 21002: 21000: 20997: 20995: 20992: 20990: 20987: 20985: 20982: 20980: 20977: 20975: 20972: 20970: 20967: 20965: 20962: 20960: 20957: 20955: 20952: 20950: 20947: 20945: 20942: 20941: 20939: 20937: 20933: 20929: 20922: 20918: 20904: 20901: 20899: 20896: 20894: 20891: 20889: 20886: 20884: 20883:Organizations 20881: 20879: 20876: 20874: 20871: 20869: 20866: 20864: 20861: 20859: 20856: 20854: 20851: 20849: 20846: 20844: 20841: 20840: 20838: 20835: 20827: 20821: 20818: 20816: 20813: 20811: 20808: 20806: 20803: 20801: 20798: 20796: 20793: 20791: 20788: 20786: 20783: 20781: 20778: 20776: 20773: 20771: 20768: 20767: 20765: 20762: 20757: 20752: 20746: 20743: 20739: 20736: 20734: 20731: 20729: 20726: 20724: 20721: 20720: 20719: 20716: 20714: 20711: 20709: 20708:Vegetarianism 20706: 20704: 20701: 20699: 20696: 20694: 20691: 20689: 20686: 20684: 20681: 20679: 20676: 20674: 20671: 20669: 20666: 20664: 20661: 20659: 20656: 20654: 20653:Homosexuality 20651: 20649: 20646: 20644: 20641: 20639: 20636: 20632: 20629: 20627: 20624: 20622: 20619: 20617: 20614: 20613: 20612: 20609: 20607: 20604: 20602: 20599: 20597: 20594: 20590: 20587: 20585: 20582: 20580: 20577: 20576: 20575: 20572: 20568: 20565: 20563: 20560: 20558: 20555: 20554: 20553: 20549: 20546: 20544: 20541: 20539: 20536: 20535: 20533: 20530: 20523: 20517: 20514: 20512: 20509: 20507: 20504: 20500: 20497: 20496: 20495: 20492: 20490: 20487: 20485: 20482: 20480: 20477: 20475: 20474:Neurotheology 20472: 20470: 20467: 20465: 20462: 20460: 20457: 20455: 20452: 20450: 20447: 20445: 20442: 20441: 20439: 20437: 20431: 20425: 20422: 20420: 20417: 20415: 20412: 20410: 20407: 20405: 20402: 20400: 20397: 20395: 20392: 20390: 20387: 20385: 20382: 20380: 20377: 20376: 20374: 20372: 20368: 20360: 20357: 20355: 20352: 20350: 20347: 20346: 20345: 20342: 20340: 20337: 20335: 20332: 20330: 20327: 20325: 20322: 20320: 20317: 20315: 20312: 20310: 20307: 20303: 20300: 20298: 20295: 20293: 20290: 20288: 20285: 20284: 20283: 20280: 20276: 20273: 20271: 20268: 20266: 20263: 20262: 20261: 20258: 20256: 20253: 20251: 20248: 20246: 20243: 20241: 20238: 20236: 20233: 20231: 20228: 20226: 20223: 20221: 20218: 20216: 20213: 20209: 20206: 20204: 20201: 20199: 20196: 20195: 20194: 20191: 20189: 20186: 20184: 20181: 20179: 20176: 20174: 20171: 20169: 20168:Folk religion 20166: 20164: 20161: 20159: 20156: 20154: 20151: 20149: 20146: 20144: 20141: 20139: 20136: 20134: 20131: 20129: 20126: 20124: 20120: 20117: 20115: 20112: 20110: 20107: 20105: 20102: 20100: 20096: 20093: 20092: 20090: 20086: 20082: 20075: 20071: 20061: 20058: 20056: 20053: 20051: 20048: 20046: 20043: 20041: 20038: 20036: 20033: 20031: 20028: 20024: 20021: 20019: 20016: 20014: 20011: 20010: 20009: 20006: 20002: 19999: 19997: 19994: 19992: 19991:Imperial cult 19989: 19987: 19984: 19982: 19979: 19978: 19977: 19974: 19972: 19969: 19965: 19962: 19960: 19957: 19955: 19952: 19951: 19950: 19947: 19943: 19940: 19938: 19935: 19934: 19933: 19930: 19926: 19923: 19921: 19918: 19916: 19913: 19911: 19908: 19907: 19906: 19903: 19901: 19898: 19894: 19891: 19890: 19889: 19886: 19882: 19879: 19877: 19874: 19873: 19872: 19869: 19867: 19864: 19860: 19857: 19856: 19855: 19852: 19850: 19847: 19845: 19842: 19840: 19837: 19835: 19832: 19830: 19827: 19825: 19822: 19820: 19817: 19813: 19810: 19808: 19805: 19803: 19800: 19798: 19795: 19793: 19790: 19789: 19788: 19785: 19781: 19778: 19776: 19773: 19771: 19768: 19766: 19763: 19762: 19761: 19758: 19756: 19753: 19749: 19746: 19745: 19744: 19741: 19739: 19736: 19734: 19731: 19727: 19724: 19723: 19722: 19719: 19717: 19714: 19712: 19709: 19705: 19702: 19700: 19697: 19696: 19695: 19692: 19690: 19687: 19683: 19680: 19678: 19675: 19673: 19670: 19669: 19668: 19665: 19663: 19660: 19658: 19655: 19653: 19650: 19646: 19643: 19642: 19641: 19638: 19637: 19634: 19630: 19625: 19621: 19601: 19598: 19597: 19596: 19593: 19591: 19588: 19586: 19583: 19581: 19578: 19576: 19573: 19571: 19568: 19566: 19563: 19561: 19560:Discordianism 19558: 19556: 19555:Anthroposophy 19553: 19552: 19550: 19546: 19538: 19537: 19533: 19532: 19531: 19528: 19526: 19523: 19519: 19516: 19514: 19511: 19509: 19506: 19504: 19503:Mari religion 19501: 19499: 19496: 19494: 19491: 19489: 19486: 19485: 19484: 19481: 19479: 19476: 19474: 19471: 19469: 19466: 19464: 19461: 19459: 19456: 19454: 19451: 19449: 19446: 19444: 19441: 19437: 19434: 19433: 19432: 19429: 19425: 19422: 19420: 19417: 19416: 19415: 19412: 19408: 19405: 19403: 19400: 19399: 19398: 19395: 19393: 19390: 19386: 19383: 19382: 19380: 19379: 19377: 19375: 19369: 19363: 19360: 19358: 19355: 19353: 19350: 19346: 19343: 19341: 19340:Neo-Theosophy 19338: 19337: 19336: 19333: 19331: 19328: 19326: 19323: 19321: 19318: 19316: 19313: 19309: 19306: 19305: 19304: 19301: 19299: 19296: 19294: 19291: 19289: 19286: 19284: 19281: 19279: 19278:New Acropolis 19276: 19274: 19271: 19269: 19266: 19264: 19261: 19259: 19256: 19254: 19251: 19250: 19248: 19244: 19241: 19239: 19231: 19221: 19218: 19216: 19213: 19211: 19208: 19206: 19203: 19202: 19200: 19196: 19184: 19181: 19179: 19176: 19174: 19171: 19169: 19166: 19164: 19161: 19159: 19156: 19154: 19151: 19149: 19146: 19144: 19141: 19139: 19136: 19134: 19131: 19129: 19126: 19124: 19121: 19119: 19116: 19112: 19109: 19107: 19104: 19102: 19099: 19098: 19097: 19094: 19093: 19092: 19090: 19086: 19085: 19080: 19077: 19076: 19075: 19072: 19070: 19067: 19065: 19062: 19060: 19057: 19055: 19052: 19050: 19047: 19045: 19042: 19040: 19037: 19035: 19032: 19030: 19027: 19025: 19022: 19020: 19017: 19015: 19012: 19010: 19007: 19005: 19002: 19000: 18997: 18995: 18992: 18990: 18987: 18983: 18980: 18978: 18975: 18974: 18973: 18970: 18968: 18965: 18963: 18960: 18958: 18955: 18954: 18952: 18950: 18944: 18936: 18933: 18932: 18931: 18928: 18927: 18925: 18923:North African 18921: 18918: 18916: 18910: 18904: 18901: 18899: 18896: 18894: 18891: 18889: 18886: 18884: 18881: 18879: 18876: 18874: 18871: 18869: 18866: 18864: 18861: 18859: 18856: 18854: 18851: 18849: 18846: 18845: 18843: 18841: 18837: 18831: 18828: 18826: 18823: 18821: 18818: 18816: 18813: 18812: 18810: 18808: 18804: 18800: 18794: 18791: 18789: 18786: 18784: 18781: 18779: 18776: 18774: 18771: 18767: 18764: 18762: 18759: 18758: 18757: 18754: 18752: 18749: 18747: 18744: 18742: 18739: 18737: 18734: 18732: 18729: 18725: 18722: 18720: 18717: 18715: 18712: 18710: 18707: 18706: 18705: 18702: 18700: 18697: 18695: 18692: 18688: 18685: 18684: 18683: 18680: 18678: 18677:Kwakwakaʼwakw 18675: 18673: 18670: 18666: 18663: 18661: 18658: 18656: 18653: 18651: 18648: 18646: 18643: 18642: 18641: 18638: 18636: 18633: 18631: 18628: 18626: 18623: 18621: 18617: 18614: 18612: 18609: 18607: 18604: 18602: 18599: 18595: 18592: 18590: 18587: 18586: 18585: 18582: 18578: 18575: 18573: 18570: 18568: 18565: 18563: 18560: 18559: 18558: 18555: 18553: 18550: 18548: 18545: 18541: 18538: 18536: 18533: 18531: 18528: 18527: 18526: 18523: 18521: 18518: 18516: 18513: 18512: 18510: 18508: 18502: 18496: 18493: 18491: 18488: 18484: 18481: 18479: 18476: 18475: 18474: 18471: 18467: 18464: 18463: 18462: 18459: 18457: 18454: 18452: 18449: 18447: 18444: 18440: 18437: 18435: 18432: 18431: 18429: 18425: 18422: 18420: 18417: 18416: 18415: 18412: 18410: 18407: 18406: 18404: 18402: 18398: 18392: 18389: 18388: 18386: 18384: 18383:Austroasiatic 18380: 18372: 18369: 18367: 18364: 18363: 18362: 18359: 18355: 18354:Vattisen Yaly 18352: 18350: 18347: 18345: 18342: 18341: 18340: 18336: 18333: 18332: 18330: 18328: 18324: 18321: 18319: 18315: 18299: 18296: 18294: 18291: 18290: 18289: 18286: 18284: 18281: 18279: 18276: 18274: 18273:Kirat Mundhum 18271: 18269: 18266: 18262: 18259: 18257: 18254: 18253: 18252: 18249: 18247: 18244: 18242: 18239: 18238: 18236: 18232: 18226: 18225: 18221: 18219: 18216: 18212: 18209: 18208: 18207: 18204: 18200: 18197: 18195: 18192: 18190: 18186: 18182: 18179: 18178: 18177: 18174: 18172: 18169: 18168: 18166: 18164: 18160: 18154: 18153: 18149: 18147: 18144: 18142: 18139: 18137: 18134: 18132: 18129: 18127: 18124: 18122: 18119: 18115: 18112: 18110: 18107: 18105: 18102: 18100: 18097: 18095: 18092: 18090: 18087: 18085: 18082: 18080: 18077: 18076: 18075: 18072: 18068: 18065: 18063: 18060: 18058: 18055: 18053: 18050: 18048: 18045: 18043: 18040: 18038: 18035: 18033: 18030: 18028: 18025: 18024: 18023: 18020: 18019: 18017: 18015: 18011: 18008: 18006: 18002: 17992: 17989: 17987: 17984: 17982: 17979: 17977: 17974: 17972: 17969: 17968: 17966: 17964: 17960: 17954: 17951: 17949: 17946: 17944: 17941: 17940: 17938: 17936: 17932: 17926: 17923: 17921: 17918: 17916: 17913: 17909: 17908: 17904: 17903: 17902: 17899: 17898: 17896: 17894: 17890: 17882: 17879: 17877: 17874: 17873: 17872: 17869: 17865: 17862: 17860: 17857: 17856: 17855: 17852: 17850: 17847: 17845: 17842: 17840: 17837: 17835: 17832: 17831: 17829: 17827: 17823: 17820: 17818: 17814: 17811: 17809: 17805: 17791: 17788: 17786: 17783: 17781: 17778: 17777: 17775: 17771: 17765: 17762: 17760: 17757: 17755: 17752: 17750: 17747: 17746: 17744: 17742: 17738: 17732: 17729: 17727: 17724: 17722: 17719: 17718: 17716: 17714: 17710: 17707: 17705: 17701: 17691: 17688: 17686: 17683: 17681: 17678: 17676: 17673: 17671: 17668: 17666: 17663: 17661: 17658: 17657: 17655: 17651: 17645: 17644: 17640: 17638: 17635: 17633: 17632:Milah Abraham 17630: 17628: 17625: 17623: 17620: 17618: 17615: 17613: 17610: 17606: 17603: 17602: 17601: 17598: 17596: 17593: 17589: 17586: 17584: 17581: 17579: 17576: 17574: 17571: 17570: 17569: 17566: 17560: 17557: 17555: 17552: 17551: 17550: 17547: 17545: 17542: 17540: 17537: 17535: 17532: 17531: 17530: 17527: 17526: 17524: 17522: 17518: 17512: 17511: 17507: 17503: 17500: 17498: 17495: 17493: 17490: 17488: 17485: 17483: 17480: 17478: 17475: 17473: 17470: 17468: 17465: 17463: 17459: 17456: 17455: 17454: 17451: 17449: 17446: 17444: 17441: 17439: 17436: 17434: 17431: 17429: 17426: 17422: 17419: 17417: 17414: 17412: 17409: 17405: 17402: 17401: 17400: 17397: 17395: 17392: 17390: 17387: 17385: 17382: 17378: 17375: 17373: 17370: 17368: 17365: 17364: 17363: 17360: 17356: 17353: 17351: 17348: 17346: 17343: 17342: 17341: 17338: 17336: 17333: 17331: 17328: 17324: 17321: 17319: 17316: 17314: 17311: 17309: 17306: 17304: 17301: 17300: 17299: 17296: 17294: 17291: 17290: 17289: 17288:Protestantism 17286: 17282: 17279: 17277: 17273: 17270: 17269: 17268: 17265: 17261: 17258: 17256: 17253: 17252: 17251: 17248: 17246: 17243: 17239: 17236: 17235: 17234: 17231: 17227: 17224: 17222: 17219: 17218: 17217: 17214: 17213: 17211: 17209: 17205: 17199: 17198: 17194: 17192: 17189: 17187: 17184: 17182: 17179: 17177: 17174: 17172: 17169: 17167: 17164: 17162: 17159: 17153: 17150: 17149: 17148: 17145: 17141: 17138: 17137: 17136: 17133: 17132: 17131: 17128: 17127: 17125: 17123: 17119: 17116: 17114: 17110: 17107: 17105: 17101: 17097: 17093: 17088: 17084: 17080: 17073: 17068: 17066: 17061: 17059: 17054: 17053: 17050: 17038: 17037: 17033: 17031: 17030: 17026: 17024: 17023: 17019: 17017: 17016: 17012: 17010: 17009: 17005: 17004: 17002: 17000: 16996: 16990: 16989: 16985: 16983: 16982: 16978: 16976: 16975: 16971: 16970: 16968: 16965: 16961: 16956: 16950: 16949: 16945: 16943: 16942: 16938: 16936: 16935: 16931: 16929: 16928: 16924: 16922: 16921: 16920:Umdat al-Qari 16917: 16915: 16914: 16910: 16909: 16907: 16903: 16897: 16896: 16892: 16890: 16887: 16885: 16884: 16880: 16878: 16877: 16873: 16872: 16870: 16866: 16860: 16859: 16855: 16853: 16852: 16848: 16846: 16845: 16841: 16839: 16838: 16834: 16832: 16831: 16830:Kanz al-Ummal 16827: 16825: 16824: 16820: 16818: 16817: 16813: 16811: 16810: 16806: 16804: 16803: 16799: 16797: 16796: 16792: 16790: 16789: 16785: 16784: 16782: 16778: 16768: 16767: 16763: 16761: 16760: 16756: 16754: 16753: 16749: 16747: 16746: 16742: 16740: 16739: 16735: 16733: 16732: 16728: 16726: 16725: 16721: 16719: 16718: 16714: 16712: 16711: 16707: 16705: 16704: 16700: 16698: 16697: 16693: 16691: 16690: 16686: 16684: 16683: 16679: 16678: 16676: 16672: 16666: 16665: 16661: 16659: 16658: 16654: 16652: 16651: 16647: 16646: 16644: 16640: 16634: 16633: 16629: 16628: 16626: 16622: 16616: 16615: 16614:Shuab ul Iman 16611: 16609: 16608: 16604: 16602: 16601: 16597: 16596: 16594: 16590: 16584: 16583: 16579: 16577: 16576: 16572: 16570: 16569: 16565: 16563: 16562: 16558: 16557: 16555: 16551: 16545: 16544: 16540: 16538: 16537: 16533: 16531: 16530: 16526: 16524: 16523: 16519: 16517: 16516: 16512: 16511: 16509: 16505: 16499: 16498: 16494: 16492: 16491: 16487: 16485: 16484: 16480: 16478: 16477: 16473: 16471: 16470: 16466: 16464: 16463: 16459: 16458: 16456: 16454: 16450: 16447: 16443: 16438: 16435: 16428: 16423: 16421: 16416: 16414: 16409: 16408: 16405: 16393: 16385: 16383: 16373: 16372: 16369: 16355: 16352: 16350: 16347: 16345: 16342: 16340: 16337: 16335: 16332: 16330: 16327: 16325: 16322: 16320: 16317: 16313: 16310: 16309: 16308: 16305: 16301: 16298: 16296: 16295:Post-Islamism 16293: 16291: 16288: 16287: 16286: 16283: 16281: 16278: 16274: 16271: 16269: 16266: 16265: 16264: 16261: 16260: 16258: 16254: 16248: 16245: 16243: 16240: 16238: 16235: 16233: 16230: 16229: 16227: 16225: 16221: 16215: 16212: 16210: 16207: 16205: 16202: 16200: 16197: 16195: 16192: 16188: 16187:Protestantism 16185: 16183: 16180: 16178: 16175: 16174: 16173: 16170: 16169: 16167: 16165: 16161: 16157: 16147: 16143: 16129: 16126: 16124: 16123: 16119: 16117: 16114: 16110: 16107: 16106: 16105: 16102: 16100: 16097: 16095: 16092: 16090: 16087: 16085: 16082: 16080: 16077: 16076: 16074: 16070: 16064: 16061: 16059: 16056: 16054: 16051: 16049: 16046: 16045: 16043: 16041: 16037: 16031: 16028: 16026: 16025:Ophthalmology 16023: 16021: 16018: 16016: 16013: 16011: 16008: 16006: 16003: 16001: 15998: 15996: 15993: 15992: 15990: 15988: 15984: 15978: 15975: 15973: 15970: 15968: 15965: 15963: 15960: 15958: 15955: 15953: 15950: 15948: 15945: 15943: 15940: 15939: 15937: 15935: 15931: 15927: 15923: 15915: 15911: 15897: 15894: 15890: 15889: 15885: 15884: 15883: 15880: 15878: 15875: 15873: 15870: 15866: 15863: 15862: 15861: 15858: 15856: 15855: 15851: 15849: 15846: 15844: 15843: 15839: 15837: 15834: 15832: 15831: 15827: 15825: 15822: 15820: 15817: 15815: 15812: 15810: 15807: 15805: 15802: 15800: 15797: 15795: 15792: 15790: 15789: 15785: 15783: 15782: 15778: 15774: 15773:Death penalty 15771: 15769: 15766: 15764: 15761: 15760: 15759: 15756: 15754: 15751: 15749: 15748: 15744: 15743: 15741: 15739:Other aspects 15737: 15731: 15730: 15726: 15724: 15723: 15719: 15717: 15716: 15712: 15710: 15709: 15705: 15703: 15702: 15698: 15696: 15695: 15691: 15689: 15688: 15684: 15683: 15681: 15676: 15673: 15671: 15668: 15666: 15663: 15662: 15659: 15653: 15652: 15648: 15646: 15643: 15641: 15640: 15636: 15634: 15633: 15629: 15627: 15626: 15622: 15620: 15619: 15615: 15614: 15612: 15610: 15606: 15600: 15599: 15595: 15593: 15592: 15588: 15586: 15585: 15581: 15579: 15578: 15574: 15572: 15569: 15567: 15564: 15563: 15561: 15559: 15555: 15551: 15544: 15543:Jurisprudence 15541: 15539: 15536: 15535: 15531: 15527: 15517: 15514: 15512: 15509: 15507: 15504: 15502: 15499: 15497: 15494: 15492: 15491: 15487: 15485: 15482: 15480: 15477: 15475: 15472: 15470: 15467: 15465: 15462: 15460: 15457: 15455: 15452: 15450: 15447: 15445: 15442: 15440: 15437: 15435: 15432: 15430: 15427: 15425: 15422: 15420: 15417: 15416: 15414: 15409: 15406: 15404: 15401: 15400: 15397: 15391: 15388: 15386: 15383: 15379: 15376: 15375: 15374: 15371: 15369: 15366: 15362: 15359: 15355: 15352: 15348: 15345: 15343: 15340: 15338: 15335: 15334: 15333: 15330: 15329: 15327: 15325: 15322: 15321: 15320: 15316: 15313: 15309: 15306: 15302: 15299: 15298: 15297: 15294: 15292: 15289: 15287: 15284: 15282: 15279: 15278: 15277: 15274: 15272: 15269: 15263: 15260: 15259: 15258: 15255: 15253: 15250: 15248: 15245: 15243: 15240: 15238: 15235: 15234: 15233: 15230: 15229: 15227: 15225: 15224:Denominations 15221: 15215: 15214: 15210: 15208: 15205: 15203: 15200: 15198: 15195: 15193: 15190: 15189: 15187: 15185: 15181: 15173: 15170: 15168: 15165: 15163: 15160: 15158: 15155: 15153: 15150: 15148: 15145: 15143: 15140: 15138: 15137: 15133: 15132: 15131: 15128: 15126: 15123: 15121: 15120: 15116: 15114: 15113: 15109: 15107: 15104: 15102: 15099: 15097: 15094: 15092: 15089: 15087: 15084: 15083: 15081: 15076: 15073: 15071: 15068: 15067: 15064: 15058: 15057: 15053: 15051: 15050: 15046: 15044: 15043: 15039: 15037: 15036: 15032: 15030: 15029: 15025: 15024: 15022: 15020: 15016: 15010: 15009:Holiest sites 15007: 15005: 15004:Judgement Day 15002: 15000: 14999: 14995: 14993: 14990: 14988: 14985: 14983: 14980: 14976: 14973: 14972: 14971: 14968: 14966: 14965: 14961: 14957: 14954: 14953: 14952: 14949: 14948: 14946: 14944: 14940: 14936: 14932: 14931: 14925: 14920: 14913: 14908: 14906: 14901: 14899: 14894: 14893: 14890: 14870: 14867: 14865: 14862: 14860: 14857: 14855: 14852: 14850: 14847: 14844: 14840: 14839: 14836: 14826: 14823: 14821: 14818: 14816: 14813: 14811: 14808: 14806: 14803: 14801: 14798: 14797: 14795: 14793: 14792:Other beliefs 14789: 14783: 14780: 14776: 14773: 14771: 14767: 14766:Hilmi Tunahan 14764: 14762: 14758: 14755: 14754: 14753: 14750: 14749: 14747: 14745: 14741: 14733: 14729: 14727: 14724: 14722: 14719: 14717: 14716:Muhammad Asad 14714: 14712: 14709: 14708: 14707: 14704: 14703: 14701: 14699: 14695: 14687: 14683: 14679: 14676: 14675: 14674: 14671: 14667: 14663: 14660: 14659: 14658: 14655: 14651: 14647: 14643: 14640: 14639: 14638: 14635: 14631: 14627: 14626:Sabbatai Zevi 14624: 14623: 14622: 14619: 14616: 14612: 14609: 14607: 14604: 14602: 14599: 14598: 14597: 14594: 14593: 14591: 14589: 14585: 14582: 14580: 14572: 14560: 14557: 14555: 14552: 14551: 14550: 14547: 14543: 14540: 14538: 14535: 14534: 14533: 14530: 14528: 14525: 14523: 14520: 14519: 14517: 14515: 14511: 14502: 14501: 14499: 14494: 14493: 14491: 14484: 14483: 14481: 14478: 14476:Ali al-Aswarī 14475: 14474: 14472: 14469: 14462: 14461: 14459: 14458: 14456: 14451: 14450: 14449: 14446: 14440: 14437: 14434: 14433: 14432: 14429: 14426: 14425: 14423: 14422: 14420: 14417: 14412: 14408: 14402: 14398: 14394: 14391: 14388: 14384: 14380: 14377: 14375: 14371: 14368: 14366: 14362: 14358: 14355: 14354: 14352: 14350: 14346: 14343: 14340: 14333: 14329: 14317: 14314: 14313: 14311: 14309: 14306: 14304: 14301: 14298: 14293: 14292: 14291: 14288: 14283: 14282: 14280: 14278: 14275: 14271: 14268: 14267: 14266: 14263: 14258: 14257: 14255: 14250: 14249: 14248:Muʿāmmarīyya 14247: 14242: 14241: 14240: 14237: 14233: 14230: 14229: 14228: 14225: 14224: 14222: 14220: 14216: 14208: 14205: 14203: 14200: 14197: 14193: 14189: 14188: 14187: 14184: 14181: 14176: 14175: 14173: 14172: 14170: 14168: 14164: 14161: 14159: 14155: 14144: 14141: 14138: 14135: 14132: 14129: 14126: 14123: 14120: 14117: 14114: 14111: 14109: 14106: 14104: 14101: 14100: 14098: 14094: 14085: 14084: 14082: 14077: 14076: 14074: 14069: 14068: 14066: 14061: 14060: 14058: 14053: 14052: 14050: 14045: 14044: 14042: 14037: 14036: 14034: 14029: 14028: 14026: 14021: 14020: 14018: 14017: 14015: 14011: 14002: 13999: 13996: 13993: 13990: 13987: 13984: 13981: 13978: 13975: 13972: 13969: 13966: 13963: 13960: 13957: 13956: 13954: 13953: 13951: 13949: 13945: 13942: 13939: 13933: 13926: 13922: 13912: 13909: 13905: 13902: 13901: 13900: 13897: 13895: 13891: 13888: 13886: 13883: 13881: 13878: 13877: 13875: 13873: 13869: 13861: 13857: 13854: 13852: 13849: 13848: 13847: 13844: 13840: 13837: 13836: 13835: 13832: 13827: 13826: 13824: 13820: 13817: 13816: 13815: 13812: 13807: 13804: 13801: 13800: 13798: 13797: 13795: 13793: 13789: 13786: 13783: 13778: 13774: 13764: 13763:Waqifite Shia 13761: 13756: 13755: 13754: 13751: 13747: 13743: 13740: 13739: 13738: 13735: 13731: 13727: 13724: 13723: 13722: 13719: 13717: 13714: 13713: 13711: 13709: 13704: 13696: 13693: 13689: 13688:Ishaq al-Turk 13686: 13682: 13679: 13675: 13672: 13670: 13667: 13666: 13665: 13662: 13661: 13660: 13657: 13653: 13650: 13649: 13648: 13645: 13644: 13642: 13641: 13640: 13637: 13630: 13629: 13627: 13622: 13617: 13615: 13612: 13611: 13609: 13606: 13605: 13603: 13602: 13601: 13597: 13594: 13590: 13587: 13586: 13585: 13582: 13581: 13579: 13577: 13571: 13563: 13559: 13556: 13554: 13550: 13546: 13543: 13541: 13537: 13534: 13533: 13532: 13529: 13525: 13522: 13518: 13515: 13511: 13508: 13504: 13501: 13499: 13496: 13494: 13491: 13490: 13489: 13486: 13485: 13484: 13481: 13480: 13479: 13476: 13472: 13468: 13464: 13460: 13457: 13455: 13451: 13447: 13446:Hamdan Qarmat 13444: 13443: 13442: 13439: 13435: 13432: 13431: 13430: 13427: 13426: 13424: 13422: 13418: 13414: 13406: 13402: 13399: 13397: 13393: 13390: 13389: 13388: 13385: 13381: 13377: 13373: 13369: 13366: 13364: 13360: 13356: 13353: 13352: 13351: 13348: 13344: 13343:Safavid Islam 13340: 13336: 13332: 13328: 13327:Sheikh Haydar 13325: 13324: 13323: 13320: 13316: 13313: 13309: 13306: 13304: 13301: 13300: 13299: 13296: 13295: 13294: 13291: 13290: 13288: 13286: 13282: 13278: 13275: 13273: 13269: 13265: 13261: 13257: 13253: 13241: 13238: 13236: 13233: 13232: 13231: 13228: 13224: 13221: 13219: 13216: 13212: 13209: 13208: 13207: 13204: 13202: 13199: 13197: 13194: 13192: 13189: 13188: 13187: 13184: 13183: 13181: 13179: 13175: 13172: 13170: 13166: 13152: 13148: 13145: 13143: 13139: 13135: 13132: 13130: 13126: 13122: 13119: 13118: 13117: 13114: 13113: 13112: 13109: 13103: 13099: 13096: 13095: 13094: 13091: 13089: 13086: 13085: 13084: 13081: 13080: 13078: 13075: 13070: 13066: 13058: 13055: 13053: 13050: 13046: 13043: 13039: 13036: 13034: 13031: 13029: 13026: 13025: 13024: 13021: 13017: 13014: 13012: 13009: 13007: 13004: 13002: 12999: 12998: 12997: 12994: 12990: 12986: 12983: 12982: 12981: 12978: 12977: 12976: 12973: 12971: 12968: 12967: 12966: 12963: 12959: 12956: 12954: 12951: 12949: 12946: 12945: 12944: 12941: 12937: 12934: 12933: 12931: 12930: 12928: 12925: 12920: 12919:Ahl al-Hadith 12916: 12913: 12911: 12907: 12903: 12899: 12894: 12890: 12876: 12873: 12871: 12868: 12867: 12864: 12854: 12853: 12849: 12845: 12843: 12842: 12838: 12834: 12832: 12831: 12827: 12823: 12821: 12820: 12816: 12815: 12813: 12809: 12803: 12802: 12798: 12796: 12793: 12791: 12790: 12786: 12784: 12783: 12779: 12777: 12776: 12772: 12770: 12769: 12765: 12764: 12762: 12760: 12756: 12750: 12749: 12745: 12743: 12742: 12738: 12736: 12735: 12731: 12729: 12728: 12724: 12722: 12721: 12717: 12715: 12714: 12710: 12708: 12707: 12703: 12701: 12700: 12696: 12694: 12693: 12689: 12687: 12686: 12682: 12680: 12679: 12675: 12673: 12672: 12668: 12666: 12665: 12661: 12660: 12658: 12656: 12652: 12649: 12645: 12635: 12632: 12630: 12627: 12625: 12622: 12620: 12617: 12615: 12612: 12611: 12609: 12607: 12606:Zaydi Shi'ism 12603: 12597: 12594: 12592: 12589: 12587: 12584: 12582: 12579: 12575: 12572: 12571: 12570: 12567: 12565: 12562: 12560: 12557: 12555: 12552: 12550: 12547: 12545: 12542: 12541: 12539: 12537: 12533: 12525: 12522: 12521: 12520: 12517: 12515: 12512: 12510: 12507: 12505: 12502: 12500: 12497: 12495: 12492: 12490: 12487: 12485: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12472: 12470: 12467: 12463: 12460: 12458: 12455: 12453: 12450: 12448: 12445: 12443: 12440: 12438: 12437:Musa al-Kazim 12435: 12433: 12430: 12428: 12425: 12423: 12422:Ali al-Sajjad 12420: 12418: 12415: 12413: 12412:Hasan ibn Ali 12410: 12408: 12405: 12404: 12403: 12400: 12399: 12397: 12395: 12391: 12383:Post-Salafism 12382: 12381: 12380: 12377: 12373: 12370: 12369: 12368: 12365: 12361: 12358: 12357: 12356: 12353: 12351: 12348: 12344: 12341: 12340: 12339: 12336: 12334: 12331: 12329: 12326: 12322: 12319: 12318: 12317: 12314: 12310: 12307: 12306: 12305: 12302: 12300: 12297: 12295: 12292: 12290: 12287: 12285: 12282: 12280: 12277: 12275: 12272: 12270: 12267: 12263: 12260: 12259: 12258: 12255: 12253: 12250: 12248: 12247:Ibn Taymiyyah 12245: 12244: 12242: 12240: 12236: 12228:Mustadrakīyya 12227: 12224: 12221: 12218: 12217: 12215: 12214: 12212: 12210: 12206: 12199: 12197: 12194: 12192: 12189: 12187: 12186:Amr ibn Ubayd 12184: 12182: 12179: 12175: 12172: 12171: 12170: 12167: 12164: 12161: 12158: 12155: 12152: 12149: 12146: 12143: 12140: 12137: 12134: 12131: 12128: 12127: 12125: 12122: 12117: 12113: 12106: 12102: 12098: 12094: 12090: 12089: 12087: 12085: 12081: 12074: 12070: 12067: 12063: 12060: 12057: 12055: 12052: 12051: 12049: 12045: 12041: 12038: 12034: 12031: 12030: 12028: 12026: 12022: 12011: 12010: 12009: 12006: 12005: 12004: 12001: 11997: 11994: 11993: 11992: 11989: 11988: 11986: 11984: 11980: 11974: 11971: 11969: 11966: 11964: 11961: 11959: 11956: 11954: 11951: 11949: 11946: 11944: 11941: 11939: 11936: 11934: 11931: 11929: 11926: 11924: 11921: 11919: 11916: 11914: 11911: 11909: 11906: 11904: 11901: 11899: 11896: 11894: 11891: 11889: 11886: 11884: 11881: 11879: 11876: 11874: 11871: 11869: 11866: 11864: 11861: 11859: 11856: 11854: 11851: 11849: 11846: 11844: 11841: 11839: 11836: 11834: 11831: 11829: 11826: 11824: 11821: 11819: 11816: 11815: 11813: 11810: 11805: 11801: 11794: 11790: 11787: 11784: 11780: 11777: 11774: 11770: 11767: 11766: 11764: 11762: 11759: 11755: 11749: 11746: 11744: 11741: 11739: 11736: 11734: 11731: 11729: 11726: 11724: 11721: 11719: 11716: 11714: 11711: 11709: 11706: 11704: 11701: 11699: 11696: 11694: 11691: 11689: 11686: 11684: 11681: 11679: 11676: 11674: 11671: 11669: 11666: 11664: 11661: 11659: 11656: 11654: 11651: 11649: 11646: 11644: 11641: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11614: 11611: 11609: 11606: 11604: 11601: 11599: 11596: 11594: 11591: 11589: 11586: 11584: 11581: 11579: 11576: 11574: 11571: 11569: 11566: 11564: 11561: 11559: 11556: 11554: 11551: 11549: 11546: 11544: 11541: 11539: 11536: 11534: 11531: 11529: 11526: 11524: 11521: 11520: 11518: 11515: 11510: 11506: 11503: 11501: 11497: 11487: 11484: 11482: 11479: 11477: 11474: 11473: 11471: 11469: 11465: 11459: 11456: 11454: 11451: 11449: 11446: 11445: 11443: 11441: 11437: 11431: 11428: 11426: 11423: 11421: 11418: 11416: 11413: 11412: 11410: 11408: 11404: 11398: 11395: 11393: 11390: 11388: 11385: 11384: 11382: 11380: 11376: 11373: 11369: 11365: 11357: 11355: 11352: 11349: 11348: 11344: 11340: 11336: 11329: 11324: 11322: 11317: 11315: 11310: 11309: 11306: 11299: 11295: 11292: 11291: 11281: 11280: 11274: 11269: 11266: 11262: 11258: 11255: 11251: 11247: 11235: 11231: 11230: 11224: 11221: 11217: 11214: 11210: 11206: 11204: 11200: 11196: 11193: 11189: 11185: 11182: 11178: 11174: 11171: 11167: 11164: 11160: 11157: 11153: 11149: 11146: 11142: 11139: 11135: 11133: 11129: 11125: 11122: 11118: 11114: 11111: 11107: 11106: 11094: 11088: 11082: 11078: 11064: 11059: 11052: 11051: 11043: 11036: 11031: 11023: 11017: 11010: 11006: 11003: 11002: 10996: 10990: 10986: 10980: 10973: 10967: 10961: 10957: 10951: 10944: 10940: 10934: 10925: 10916: 10909: 10903: 10896: 10890: 10884: 10880: 10874: 10867: 10865: 10861: 10858:Ibn Taimīya: 10855: 10848: 10842: 10835: 10831: 10825: 10816: 10809: 10803: 10796: 10790: 10783: 10777: 10775: 10765: 10759: 10755: 10751: 10745: 10739: 10735: 10731: 10725: 10718: 10714: 10708: 10706: 10686: 10679: 10673: 10666: 10662: 10657: 10650: 10646: 10641: 10634: 10630: 10625: 10618: 10612: 10605: 10599: 10592: 10586: 10579: 10573: 10571: 10563: 10557: 10550: 10547:Ibn Taimīya: 10544: 10537: 10531: 10524: 10518: 10516: 10508: 10502: 10495: 10489: 10482: 10476: 10469: 10466:Ibn Taimīya: 10463: 10456: 10450: 10443: 10437: 10430: 10424: 10417: 10411: 10404: 10398: 10391: 10385: 10378: 10372: 10370: 10362: 10361: 10354: 10347: 10344:Ibn Taimīya: 10341: 10334: 10331:Ibn Taimīya: 10328: 10321: 10315: 10308: 10302: 10295: 10294: 10290:Ibn Taimīya: 10287: 10285: 10277: 10271: 10264: 10258: 10256: 10248: 10242: 10235: 10229: 10222: 10216: 10209: 10206:Ibn Taimīya: 10203: 10196: 10190: 10183: 10177: 10170: 10164: 10157: 10151: 10144: 10138: 10132:. 1843, p. 25 10131: 10125: 10118: 10115:Ibn Taimīya: 10112: 10105: 10099: 10092: 10089:Ibn Taimīya: 10086: 10079: 10073: 10066: 10060: 10058: 10050: 10044: 10042: 10040: 10038: 10036: 10034: 10026: 10020: 10013: 10007: 10000: 9994: 9987: 9984:Ibn Taimīya: 9981: 9974: 9973: 9966: 9959: 9953: 9951: 9949: 9947: 9945: 9943: 9935: 9929: 9927: 9925: 9917: 9916: 9909: 9902: 9896: 9894: 9892: 9890: 9882: 9876: 9869: 9863: 9861: 9853: 9849: 9844: 9837: 9833: 9828: 9821: 9815: 9813: 9806:. 1843, p. 7. 9805: 9799: 9792: 9791: 9784: 9782: 9780: 9778: 9770: 9764: 9757: 9751: 9744: 9738: 9731: 9725: 9718: 9712: 9705: 9699: 9692: 9686: 9679: 9673: 9666: 9660: 9658: 9656: 9654: 9652: 9635: 9631: 9625: 9618: 9612: 9605: 9599: 9592: 9586: 9580: 9574: 9568: 9564: 9558: 9551: 9545: 9543: 9541: 9539: 9537: 9535: 9527: 9523: 9519: 9515: 9509: 9503: 9499: 9495: 9491: 9487: 9481: 9474: 9468: 9460: 9454: 9446: 9442: 9438: 9432: 9428: 9427: 9419: 9411: 9407: 9404: 9398: 9391: 9385: 9377: 9376: 9368: 9362:(Sanyal 1996) 9359: 9351: 9345: 9337: 9331: 9327: 9326: 9318: 9310: 9306: 9300: 9284: 9280: 9276: 9275:"Sufi Orders" 9270: 9262: 9258: 9251: 9235: 9231: 9225: 9222:. Routledge. 9221: 9220: 9212: 9204: 9198: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9178: 9176: 9159: 9155: 9149: 9143: 9139: 9135: 9131: 9127: 9123: 9118: 9102: 9098: 9094: 9088: 9082: 9078: 9074: 9070: 9066: 9065:Camilla Adang 9062: 9058: 9053: 9046: 9040: 9032: 9028: 9021: 9014: 9008: 9000: 8994: 8990: 8986: 8982: 8978: 8972: 8964: 8958: 8954: 8950: 8946: 8939: 8933: 8929: 8925: 8919: 8917: 8910:, 2010, p. 48 8909: 8903: 8896: 8890: 8883: 8877: 8875: 8867: 8861: 8859: 8857: 8850: 8846: 8840: 8834: 8830: 8824: 8818: 8814: 8808: 8801: 8795: 8789: 8785: 8782:Ibn Taimīya: 8779: 8773: 8769: 8763: 8754: 8748: 8744: 8738: 8732: 8728: 8725:Ibn Taimīya: 8722: 8714: 8710: 8706: 8700: 8693: 8687: 8685: 8677: 8671: 8664: 8660: 8657: 8656: 8650: 8648: 8646: 8630: 8624: 8620: 8615: 8607: 8600: 8595: 8588: 8580: 8574: 8570: 8565: 8564: 8555: 8547: 8543: 8537: 8529: 8523: 8519: 8515: 8509: 8501: 8495: 8491: 8487: 8481: 8479: 8470: 8464: 8460: 8455: 8454: 8445: 8437: 8431: 8427: 8422: 8421: 8412: 8404: 8398: 8394: 8390: 8386: 8381: 8373: 8365: 8359: 8355: 8354: 8346: 8338: 8332: 8328: 8324: 8323: 8315: 8299: 8295: 8291: 8285: 8278: 8274: 8270: 8264: 8257: 8253: 8249: 8243: 8236: 8232: 8228: 8222: 8206: 8202: 8195: 8188: 8184: 8178: 8176: 8169: 8165: 8159: 8157: 8150: 8146: 8143:aṣ-Ṣaffārīnī 8142: 8137: 8128: 8125: 8122: 8110: 8106: 8102: 8097: 8094: 8082: 8078: 8074: 8070: 8067: 8055: 8051: 8050: 8045: 8041: 8038: 8035: 8032: 8029: 8026: 8023: 8020: 8008: 8004: 8000: 7996: 7992: 7989: 7986: 7985: 7981: 7965: 7961: 7957: 7951: 7935: 7931: 7927: 7920: 7913: 7909: 7905: 7899: 7893: 7887: 7880: 7876: 7872: 7870: 7863: 7854: 7847: 7843: 7839: 7833: 7826: 7822: 7818: 7812: 7810: 7808: 7791: 7787: 7783: 7776: 7768: 7764: 7758: 7750: 7743: 7735: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7717: 7713: 7709: 7702: 7694: 7688: 7684: 7683: 7675: 7667: 7661: 7657: 7650: 7642: 7636: 7632: 7625: 7617: 7611: 7607: 7600: 7592: 7586: 7582: 7581: 7573: 7566: 7560: 7552: 7546: 7542: 7535: 7527: 7521: 7517: 7510: 7502: 7498: 7497: 7489: 7481: 7477: 7470: 7462: 7456: 7452: 7451: 7443: 7435: 7429: 7425: 7421: 7420: 7412: 7404: 7400: 7399: 7391: 7383: 7377: 7373: 7372: 7364: 7348: 7344: 7337: 7330: 7326: 7320: 7316: 7315: 7307: 7300: 7295: 7289: 7285: 7284: 7276: 7269: 7263: 7257: 7253: 7247: 7245: 7237: 7234:Ibn Taimīya: 7231: 7224: 7220: 7214: 7207: 7203: 7197: 7190: 7186: 7180: 7173: 7169: 7163: 7156: 7152: 7146: 7140:2003, S. 254. 7139: 7133: 7124: 7115: 7108: 7102: 7096: 7092: 7086: 7080:2003, S. 250. 7079: 7073: 7071: 7063: 7057: 7055: 7047: 7041: 7034: 7031:und van Ess: 7030: 7026: 7022: 7021:Yāqūt ar-Rūmī 7016: 7009: 7005: 7001: 6997: 6992: 6985: 6979: 6977: 6969: 6963: 6956: 6950: 6943: 6939: 6933: 6926: 6920: 6911: 6904: 6898: 6896: 6888: 6882: 6875: 6871: 6865: 6858: 6852: 6845: 6839: 6833: 6832: 6826: 6819: 6815: 6809: 6803: 6799: 6793: 6787: 6783: 6780:Ibn Taimīya: 6777: 6771: 6767: 6763: 6758: 6751: 6747: 6741: 6734: 6728: 6721: 6715: 6708: 6702: 6695: 6690: 6684: 6680: 6673: 6665: 6659: 6655: 6654: 6649: 6643: 6635: 6629: 6625: 6624: 6616: 6608: 6601: 6599: 6583: 6579: 6575: 6574: 6569: 6562: 6554: 6550: 6546: 6545:"Sunni Islam" 6539: 6532: 6526: 6518: 6512: 6508: 6501: 6493: 6487: 6483: 6476: 6468: 6462: 6458: 6451: 6447: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6387: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6371: 6367: 6363: 6359: 6355: 6351: 6347: 6346: 6341: 6337: 6333: 6329: 6325: 6321: 6317: 6313: 6309: 6305: 6301: 6297: 6293: 6289: 6285: 6281: 6277: 6273: 6268: 6266: 6262: 6258: 6254: 6250: 6246: 6242: 6237: 6235: 6230: 6226: 6222: 6218: 6214: 6210: 6205: 6203: 6199: 6195: 6191: 6187: 6183: 6182: 6177: 6176: 6167: 6163: 6154: 6152: 6148: 6143: 6133: 6131: 6127: 6123: 6119: 6114: 6110: 6106: 6098: 6094: 6090: 6086: 6083: 6079: 6076: 6072: 6069: 6066: 6065: 6064: 6062: 6058: 6047: 6042: 6040: 6036: 6032: 6028: 6017: 6015: 6011: 6007: 6003: 5999: 5995: 5991: 5987: 5983: 5979: 5975: 5971: 5967: 5963: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5944:A well-known 5932: 5930: 5926: 5922: 5918: 5914: 5909: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5893: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5877: 5868: 5857: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5847:Ibn Khuzaymah 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5803: 5800: 5799: 5798: 5793: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5744: 5741: 5740: 5739: 5737: 5736: 5731: 5727: 5723: 5717: 5712: 5709: 5705: 5704: 5695: 5691: 5687: 5681: 5675: 5673: 5668: 5666: 5662: 5658: 5654: 5650: 5646: 5636: 5634: 5630: 5625: 5623: 5618: 5616: 5612: 5608: 5604: 5589: 5587: 5582: 5580: 5576: 5572: 5566: 5564: 5560: 5559:al-muwaḥḥidūn 5556: 5552: 5548: 5544: 5540: 5530: 5528: 5524: 5518: 5514: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5500: 5496: 5486: 5484: 5480: 5476: 5472: 5468: 5467:mustard seeds 5464: 5459: 5457: 5447: 5445: 5444:Gog and Magog 5441: 5437: 5433: 5432:ašrāṭ as-sāʿa 5423: 5421: 5417: 5413: 5408: 5393: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5382:inimitability 5379: 5374: 5372: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5356: 5352: 5349:) and light ( 5348: 5345:), guidance ( 5344: 5340: 5336: 5332: 5328: 5324: 5320: 5316: 5312: 5308: 5298: 5296: 5292: 5288: 5284: 5280: 5275: 5273: 5269: 5265: 5261: 5258:as a friend ( 5257: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5230: 5228: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5200: 5196: 5192: 5189:repeated it, 5188: 5185:heard it and 5184: 5183:angel Gabriel 5180: 5176: 5172: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5146: 5141: 5132: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5113: 5111: 5107: 5104: 5100: 5099:angel Michael 5096: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5071: 5063: 5059: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5027: 5025: 5021: 5017: 5013: 5012: 5007: 5006: 5001: 4997: 4996: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4982: 4977: 4967: 4965: 4961: 4953:Transcendence 4950: 4948: 4944: 4938: 4936: 4932: 4928: 4924: 4920: 4919: 4914: 4910: 4899: 4886: 4885: 4880: 4878: 4874: 4872: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4862:Angels of God 4859: 4857: 4853: 4852: 4851: 4849: 4845: 4837: 4833: 4829: 4826: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4811:The creed of 4810: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4791: 4787: 4783: 4779: 4776: 4772: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4741: 4737: 4736: 4735: 4733: 4729: 4725: 4718: 4712: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4688: 4686: 4685:Ismail Dehlvi 4682: 4678: 4674: 4670: 4666: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4644: 4642: 4638: 4634: 4630: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4614: 4609: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4598:Sunni Islamic 4595: 4591: 4587: 4583: 4579: 4575: 4568: 4563: 4561: 4557: 4556:Amman Message 4553: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4514: 4509: 4507: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4482: 4481:Ahl al-Hadith 4477: 4476: 4470: 4468: 4464: 4463: 4458: 4454: 4453: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4427: 4418: 4416: 4409:Jurisprudence 4406: 4404: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4383: 4379: 4375: 4374:Naqshbandiyya 4371: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4334: 4328: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4293: 4287: 4286: 4282: 4278: 4275: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4239: 4238: 4233: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4209: 4208: 4203: 4202: 4197: 4193: 4189: 4188: 4187:ahl al-ḥadīṯh 4183: 4179: 4178: 4177: 4175: 4171: 4166: 4164: 4163: 4158: 4157: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4128: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4098: 4088: 4085: 4081: 4080: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4053: 4051: 4047: 4044: 4043:Saudi scholar 4040: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4023: 4021: 4017: 4013: 4009: 4005: 4001: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3988:Ibn Taymiyyah 3985: 3974: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3963: 3959:but in other 3958: 3954: 3950: 3946: 3940: 3938: 3934: 3933: 3928: 3924: 3920: 3916: 3912: 3908: 3904: 3900: 3895: 3893: 3888: 3884: 3880: 3876: 3875: 3870: 3869: 3858: 3856: 3852: 3848: 3843: 3839: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3803: 3802:ahl al-hadith 3797: 3795: 3791: 3790: 3785: 3781: 3780: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3762: 3756: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3745: 3740: 3739: 3734: 3733: 3728: 3727: 3722: 3716: 3706: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3688: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3656: 3650: 3638: 3633: 3631: 3626: 3624: 3619: 3618: 3616: 3615: 3610: 3602: 3600: 3590: 3589: 3588: 3587: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3571: 3567: 3566: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3557:Ahl al-Hadith 3555: 3553: 3550: 3549: 3545: 3544: 3540: 3534: 3533: 3526: 3523: 3520: 3517: 3516: 3508: 3507: 3500: 3499:Firangi Mahal 3497: 3494: 3491: 3488: 3487:Jamiatur Raza 3485: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3475:Jamia Nizamia 3473: 3470: 3467: 3464: 3461: 3458: 3455: 3454: 3446: 3445: 3438: 3437: 3433: 3431: 3430: 3426: 3423: 3422: 3418: 3416: 3415: 3411: 3408: 3407: 3403: 3401: 3400: 3396: 3393: 3392: 3388: 3386: 3385: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3370: 3369: 3360: 3357: 3353: 3350: 3346: 3343: 3339: 3336: 3332: 3329: 3325: 3322: 3318: 3315: 3311: 3308: 3304: 3301: 3300: 3294: 3291: 3287: 3284: 3280: 3277: 3273: 3270: 3266: 3263: 3259: 3256: 3252: 3249: 3245: 3242: 3238: 3235: 3231: 3228: 3224: 3221: 3217: 3216:Mustafa Sabri 3214: 3210: 3207: 3204:(d.1369/1949) 3203: 3200: 3196: 3193: 3189: 3186: 3182: 3179: 3175: 3172: 3168: 3165: 3161: 3158: 3154: 3151: 3147: 3144: 3140: 3137: 3133: 3130: 3126: 3125:Naqi Ali Khan 3123: 3119: 3116: 3115: 3109: 3106: 3102: 3099: 3095: 3092: 3088: 3085: 3081: 3078: 3074: 3071: 3067: 3064: 3063: 3057: 3054: 3050: 3047: 3043: 3040: 3036: 3033: 3029: 3026: 3025: 3019: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3004: 3001: 2997: 2994: 2990: 2987: 2986: 2981:(d. 982/1574) 2980: 2977: 2974:(d. 940/1534) 2973: 2970: 2969: 2963: 2962:Ali al-Qushji 2959: 2956:(d. 863/1459) 2955: 2952: 2949:(d. 861/1455) 2948: 2945: 2941: 2938: 2935:(d. 841/1437) 2934: 2931: 2930: 2925:(d. 786/1384) 2924: 2921: 2918:(d. 747/1346) 2917: 2914: 2911:(d. 710/1310) 2910: 2907: 2906: 2900: 2897: 2896: 2891:(d. 593/1197) 2890: 2887: 2884:(d. 580/1184) 2883: 2880: 2877:(d. 569/1173) 2876: 2873: 2870:(d. 537/1142) 2869: 2866: 2863:(d. 534/1139) 2862: 2859: 2856:(d. 522/1128) 2855: 2852: 2849:(d. 508/1114) 2848: 2845: 2844: 2839:(d. 493/1100) 2838: 2835: 2834: 2828: 2825: 2821: 2818: 2817: 2813: 2807: 2806: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2786: 2784: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2767:Mausoleum of 2764: 2760: 2759: 2756: 2753: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2743: 2735: 2733: 2728: 2724: 2723:nature of God 2719: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2696: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2676: 2666: 2664: 2663: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2632: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2596: 2594: 2593: 2587: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2576: 2571: 2570: 2564: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2541: 2537: 2529: 2520: 2511: 2501: 2492: 2489: 2485: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2451: 2446: 2442: 2437: 2435: 2434: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2392: 2390: 2389:war on terror 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2373:Mohammed Omar 2370: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2325: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2251: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2203: 2199: 2194: 2190: 2189:Hasan ibn Ali 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2073: 2070: 2066: 2059:in the world. 2058: 2054: 2050: 2045: 2036: 2034: 2030: 2029:inclusivistic 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1989:zaiġ wa-ʿaḏāb 1986: 1982: 1981:ḥaqq wa-ṣawāb 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1953: 1951: 1947: 1946:aṣḥāb al-hudā 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1928:According to 1926: 1924: 1923:Ahl al-Ḥadīth 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1899: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1877: 1873: 1872:sunnī jamāʿah 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1827: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1808: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1764: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1749:Josef van Ess 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1729: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1698: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1671: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1648:Ibn Taymiyyah 1645: 1641: 1637: 1632: 1630: 1629: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1615:ʿAbd al-Malik 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1595: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1573: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1555:unnat an-Nabī 1552: 1548: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1532: 1531: 1524: 1522: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1493: 1490: 1485: 1469: 1466: 1465: 1458: 1457: 1450: 1449: 1442: 1441: 1434: 1433: 1420: 1409: 1398: 1387: 1384: 1380: 1375: 1374: 1368: 1364: 1359: 1358: 1352: 1348: 1347:legal schools 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1331:consideration 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1299: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1280:Saqifah event 1277: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1256: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1233: 1227: 1226:Ahl as-Sunnah 1221: 1212: 1206: 1182: 1171: 1166: 1164: 1159: 1157: 1152: 1151: 1149: 1148: 1143: 1133: 1132: 1131: 1130: 1123: 1120: 1119: 1114: 1113:Military laws 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1053: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1032: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1020: 1017: 1012: 1011: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 987: 984: 983: 982: 979: 977: 974: 972: 971:Proselytizing 969: 967: 964: 962: 959: 957: 954: 952: 949: 947: 944: 942: 939: 937: 934: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 919: 917: 914: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 899: 897: 894: 890: 887: 885: 882: 881: 880: 879:Denominations 877: 873: 870: 869: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 829: 826: 822: 817: 816: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 785: 782: 781: 777: 775: 774: 770: 768: 767: 763: 762: 759: 756: 754: 751: 750: 747: 742: 741: 734: 732: 728: 726: 724: 720: 719: 715: 712: 710: 708: 704: 702: 700: 696: 694: 692: 688: 687: 683: 682: 677: 676: 671: 670: 666: 664: 663: 659: 658: 652: 649: 647: 644: 643: 639: 638: 631: 628: 626: 623: 621: 618: 617: 614: 611: 609: 606: 605: 602: 597: 596: 589: 586: 585: 582: 579: 577: 574: 573: 570: 567: 565: 562: 561: 558: 554: 551: 550: 547: 542: 541: 537: 533: 532: 529: 526: 525: 521: 517: 516: 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20579:Assimilation 20444:Anthropology 20319:Supernatural 20314:Spirituality 20282:Sacred space 20270:Purification 20143:Denomination 20097: / 19905:Paleo-Balkan 19871:Mesopotamian 19711:Cook Islands 19682:Old Prussian 19595:UFO religion 19534: 19530:Zalmoxianism 19458:Neoshamanism 19315:Spiritualism 19198:Other ethnic 19087: 18913:Traditional 18873:Bongthingism 18761:Acoma Pueblo 18704:Mesoamerican 18401:Austronesian 18222: 18218:Neo-Buddhism 18150: 18146:Neo-Hinduism 18067:Swaminarayan 17905: 17854:Salvationist 17839:Confucianism 17690:Samaritanism 17660:Ali-Illahism 17641: 17528: 17508: 17502:Unitarianism 17443:Old Catholic 17250:Nestorianism 17208:Christianity 17195: 17161:Conservative 17034: 17027: 17020: 17013: 17006: 16986: 16979: 16972: 16946: 16939: 16932: 16925: 16918: 16913:Fath al-Bari 16911: 16905:Commentaries 16893: 16881: 16874: 16856: 16849: 16842: 16835: 16828: 16821: 16814: 16807: 16800: 16793: 16786: 16764: 16757: 16750: 16743: 16736: 16729: 16722: 16715: 16708: 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13329: / 13186:Zayd ibn Ali 13136: / 13123: / 13074:Ilm al-Kalam 12987: / 12980:Ahl-i Hadith 12909: 12848:Umm al-kitab 12846: 12835: 12824: 12817: 12799: 12794: 12787: 12780: 12773: 12766: 12746: 12739: 12734:Fihi Ma Fihi 12732: 12725: 12718: 12711: 12704: 12697: 12690: 12683: 12676: 12669: 12662: 12402:Twelve Imams 12321:Ahl-i Hadith 12252:Ibnul Qayyim 12132:(Nazzāmīyya) 11613:Ibn al-Jawzi 11553:Al-Taftazani 11528:Al-Baqillani 11297: 11294:Sunni: Islam 11277: 11249: 11238:. 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5276: 5259: 5251: 5241: 5218: 5203: 5178: 5170: 5156: 5153: 5135:Books of God 5114: 5086: 5080:appeared to 5067: 5062:Siyer-i-Nebi 5024:figuratively 5009: 5003: 4999: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4979: 4975: 4973: 4963: 4959: 4956: 4946: 4942: 4939: 4934: 4930: 4926: 4922: 4916: 4912: 4906: 4898:God in Islam 4882: 4843: 4841: 4836:Henri Laoust 4831: 4824: 4816: 4801: 4790:Ibn al-Jawzī 4786:al-Muntaẓam 4785: 4781: 4774: 4767: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4751:al-Sarachhi. 4747: 4743: 4731: 4721: 4716: 4704:Ilm al-Kalam 4689: 4680: 4645: 4637:South Africa 4610: 4573: 4571: 4510: 4479: 4473: 4471: 4460: 4450: 4448: 4412: 4331: 4329: 4324: 4312: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4290: 4288: 4284: 4276: 4271: 4262: 4256: 4252: 4244: 4235: 4231: 4214: 4210:(consensus). 4205: 4199: 4195: 4185: 4173: 4167: 4160: 4154: 4150: 4122: 4118: 4100: 4077: 4074:Ahl as-Sunna 4073: 4069: 4062:Muʿtazilites 4059: 4049: 4024: 4020:ahl al-ḥadīṯ 4019: 3999: 3995: 3991: 3981: 3970: 3966: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3945:Ahlus-Sunnah 3944: 3942: 3936: 3930: 3926: 3896: 3882: 3872: 3866: 3864: 3835: 3811:Mu'tazilites 3800: 3798: 3787: 3783: 3777: 3773: 3765: 3759: 3757: 3748: 3742: 3736: 3730: 3724: 3718: 3675:Seljuk Turks 3659:Central Asia 3652: 3450:Institutions 3434: 3427: 3419: 3412: 3404: 3397: 3389: 3382: 2964:(d.879/1474) 2942:(d.855/1451) 2829:(d. 373/983) 2822:(d. 333/944) 2793: 2720: 2711: 2707: 2697: 2678: 2660: 2653:ahl al-ḥadīṯ 2652: 2644: 2640: 2602: 2590: 2588: 2573: 2567: 2565: 2533: 2509: 2487: 2478: 2474: 2471:Isrā'iliyyāt 2470: 2463:Isrā'iliyyāt 2462: 2459:Isrā'iliyyāt 2458: 2448: 2438: 2431: 2427: 2393: 2322: 2307:Saudi Arabia 2289:and secular 2272: 2269:, Indonesia. 2224: 2168: 2162: 2120:, including 2114: 2100: 2074: 2062: 2024: 2016: 2008: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1960: 1956: 1954: 1949: 1945: 1937: 1933: 1927: 1922: 1918: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1900: 1895: 1887: 1880: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1859: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1833: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1812:ahl as-sunna 1811: 1809: 1801:ahl as-sunna 1800: 1791: 1771: 1768:ahl as-sunna 1767: 1766:Singular to 1765: 1756: 1753:ahl as-sunna 1752: 1744: 1733:ahl as-sunna 1732: 1730: 1726:ahl as-sunna 1725: 1705: 1695: 1683: 1680:ahl as-sunna 1679: 1677: 1674:Ahl as-Sunna 1659: 1643: 1640:ahl as-sunna 1639: 1635: 1633: 1626: 1618: 1610: 1592: 1588: 1576: 1570: 1554: 1542: 1526: 1518: 1480: 1341:, using the 1300: 1264:Shia Muslims 1253: 1180: 1179: 1088:Islamophobia 883: 867:Demographics 862:Circumcision 778: 771: 764: 730: 722: 706: 698: 690: 679: 673: 667: 660: 442: 373:Ahl-i Hadith 313:In terms of 310: 264: 257: 250: 243: 236: 227: 121:Five Pillars 46: 29: 22080:Sunni Islam 21915:New Zealand 21852:Saint Lucia 21802:El Salvador 21707:Switzerland 21642:Netherlands 21414:Philippines 21342:South Korea 21337:North Korea 21227:Afghanistan 21174:South Sudan 21064:Ivory Coast 20848:Deification 20795:Objectivism 20770:Agnosticism 20723:Persecution 20713:Video games 20678:Populations 20589:Proselytism 20557:Monasticism 20548:Clericalism 20538:Agriculture 20529:and society 20494:Soteriology 20454:Comparative 20424:Transtheism 20409:Panentheism 20193:Monasticism 19986:Gallo-Roman 19888:Micronesian 19854:Manichaeism 19802:Hermeticism 19770:Continental 19765:Anglo-Saxon 19645:Paleolithic 19640:Prehistoric 19590:Scientology 19453:Italo-Roman 19308:Radha Soami 19288:New Thought 19128:Espiritismo 19069:Waaqeffanna 19009:Fon and Ewe 18947:Sub-Saharan 18830:Satsana Phi 18616:Ghost Dance 18557:Californian 18525:Anishinaabe 18451:Karo Pemena 18430:Indonesian 18104:Lingayatism 18052:Mahanubhava 18022:Vaishnavism 17953:Jeungsanism 17876:Folk Taoism 17859:Xiantiandao 17713:Zoroastrian 17372:Charismatic 17367:Pentecostal 17330:Anglicanism 17281:Waldensians 17216:Catholicism 16960:Terminology 16553:Other Sunan 16507:Other Sahih 16177:Catholicism 16072:Other areas 16063:Theological 16058:Eschatology 16015:Mathematics 15952:Calligraphy 15882:Theological 15836:Inheritance 15753:Cleanliness 15125:Shi'a Imams 15119:Ahl al-Bayt 14726:Rashid Rida 14574:Independent 14559:Edip Yüksel 14522:Ahle Qur'an 14473:Nazzāmīyya 14470:Ikhshīdiyya 14457:Huzaylīyya 14448:Bahshamiyya 14424:Mā’marīyya 14416:Rationalism 14361:Malamatiyya 14281:Mānsūrīyya 14227:Khaṭṭābiyya 14158:Mu'shabbiha 14118:Sābit Kutna 14051:Sawbānīyya 14035:Gassānīyya 14019:Gaylānīyya 14013:Other sects 13808:Sa'labīyyah 13805:Maymunīyyah 13782:Arbitration 13664:Khurramites 13628:Sam‘ānīyya 13401:Bābā Rexheb 13331:Shah Ismail 13151:Millî Görüş 13069:Ahl ar-Ra'y 13011:Al-Uthaymin 12932:Kullabiyya 12910:Sunni Islam 12811:Independent 12655:Sunni books 12479:Shaykh Tusi 12452:Ali al-Hadi 12442:Ali al-Rida 12379:Yasir Qadhi 12284:Al-Uthaymin 12274:Rashid Rida 12269:Al-Shawkani 12165:(Jāhizīyya) 12150:(Jubbāīyya) 12054:Jawālikīyya 11908:Ali al-Qari 11823:Al-Sarakhsi 11809:Al-Maturidi 11683:Al-Sha'rani 11663:Ibn Khaldun 11538:Al-Qushayri 11500:Theologians 11481:Metaphysics 11387:Eschatology 11354:Theologians 10989:Digitalized 10960:digitalized 10883:Digitalized 10864:Digitalized 10758:Digitalized 10738:Digitalisat 10667:, pp. 46–57 10602:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10589:al-Ašʿarī: 10534:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10521:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10505:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10492:al-Ġazālī: 10479:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10453:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10440:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10427:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10414:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10401:al-Ašʿarī: 10388:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10375:al-Ġazālī: 10318:an-Nasafī: 10305:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10274:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10261:al-Ašʿarī: 10245:an-Nasafī: 10219:al-Ġazālī: 10193:an-Nasafī: 10180:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10154:an-Nasafī: 10141:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10128:an-Nasafī: 10102:an-Nasafī: 10076:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10063:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10047:al-Ġazālī: 10023:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 10010:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9997:an-Nasafī: 9969:al-Ašʿarī: 9956:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9932:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9912:al-Ġazālī: 9899:al-Ašʿarī: 9879:al-Ašʿarī: 9866:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9802:an-Nasafī: 9787:al-Ġazālī: 9767:al-Ašʿarī: 9754:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9741:al-Ašʿarī: 9728:al-Ġazālī: 9715:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 9702:al-Ġazālī: 9689:al-Ġazālī: 9676:al-Ġazālī: 9663:al-Ašʿarī: 9640:19 December 9579:Digitalisat 9567:Digitalisat 9561:al-Ġazālī: 9518:Digitalisat 9502:Digitalisat 9490:Digitalisat 9484:al-Ašʿarī: 9322:"Barelvi". 9061:The Zahiris 8977:Hussin, Iza 8849:Digitalisat 8833:Digitalisat 8817:Digitalisat 8788:Digitalized 8747:Digitalized 8731:Digitalized 8168:Digitalisat 8149:Digitalisat 7995:"Religions" 7881:pp. 106–107 7788:. Cologne. 7786:Independent 7480:The Murtaza 7256:Digitalisat 7217:aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī: 7155:Digitalisat 7095:Digitalisat 7029:Digitalisat 7004:Digitalisat 6942:Digitalisat 6874:Digitalisat 6786:Digitalisat 6770:Digitalisat 6750:Digitalisat 6217:Maturidites 6075:waʿid Allah 6053: 1328 6002:uṣūl ad-dīn 5884:disciplines 5783:Al-Tirmidhi 5645:qaḍāʾ Allāh 5396:Eschatology 5223:Ibn Taymīya 5064:-work, 1595 4715:Pillars of 4625:Afghanistan 4594:Naqshbandis 4590:Suhrawardis 4578:Sufi orders 4513:Middle Ages 4511:During the 4486:Ibn Khaldun 4475:Ahl al-Ra'y 4457:Islamic law 4382:Orientalist 4372:), and the 4263:Similarly, 3973:whatsoever" 3917:theologian 3879:al-Ghazalis 3874:Māturīdites 3819:al-Maturidi 3794:Bi-la kaifa 3653:Founded by 3209:Al-Kawthari 3080:Ibn 'Abidin 2799:Ahl al-Ra'y 2794:Sunni Islam 2789:Hanafi Fiqh 2732:omnipotence 2679:Founded by 2629: [ 2618:Maturidites 2488:tafsir'ilmi 2479:Tafsir'ilmi 2475:tafsir'ilmi 2400:Mesopotamia 2369:Afghanistan 2295:partitioned 2275:World War I 2211:Banu Umayya 2134:Banu Umayya 2118:Banu Umayya 1805:Mutazilites 1772:ṣāḥib sunna 1757:ahl al-ʿadl 1702:Innovations 1652:pan-Islamic 1587:doctrines ( 1472:Terminology 1369:schools of 1272:theological 1181:Sunni Islam 766:Ahl al-Bayt 651:Foundations 459:Persecution 295:Ahl al-Ra'y 47:Sunni Islam 21905:Micronesia 21782:Costa Rica 21677:San Marino 21637:Montenegro 21617:Luxembourg 21474:Uzbekistan 21449:Tajikistan 21354:Kyrgyzstan 21327:Kazakhstan 21277:East Timor 21247:Bangladesh 21237:Azerbaijan 21154:Seychelles 21119:Mozambique 21104:Mauritania 21089:Madagascar 20979:Cape Verde 20761:irreligion 20756:Secularism 20658:Minorities 20626:Toleration 20621:Syncretism 20606:Fanaticism 20596:Disability 20584:Missionary 20574:Conversion 20562:Ordination 20484:Psychology 20479:Philosophy 20419:Polytheism 20399:Monotheism 20394:Henotheism 20235:Orthopraxy 20225:Ordination 20188:Meditation 20183:Indigenous 20148:Entheogens 20133:Conversion 19959:Pueblo III 19876:Babylonian 19866:Melanesian 19792:Gnosticism 19677:Lithuanian 19570:Fourth Way 19424:Circassian 19402:Dievturība 19325:Tensegrity 19258:Falun Gong 18903:Sanamahism 18883:Donyi-Polo 18473:Polynesian 18419:Kaharingan 18344:Burkhanism 18283:Ravidassia 18261:Śvetāmbara 18047:Pushtimarg 18027:Krishnaism 17963:Vietnamese 17948:Cheondoism 17881:Yao Taoism 17817:East Asian 17583:Isma'ilism 17539:Maturidism 17318:Mennonites 17313:Hutterites 17298:Anabaptism 17191:Humanistic 16515:Al-Muwatta 16439:literature 16237:Ex-Muslims 16122:Shu'ubiyya 16116:Psychology 16104:Literature 16094:Inventions 16040:Philosophy 15848:Leadership 15824:Honorifics 15479:Philosophy 15286:Isma'ilism 15247:Maturidism 15130:Caliphates 15101:Golden Age 14992:Revelation 14770:Süleymancı 14678:Said Nursî 14637:Mahdavīyya 14588:Messianism 14492:Sumamīyya 14482:Hābītīyya 14370:Baba Ishak 14312:Saba'īyya 14299:Mukhāmmīsa 14290:Mughīrīyya 14277:Ghurābīyya 14239:Bāzīghiyya 14207:Bārāq Bābā 14186:Hulmānīyya 14083:Ziyādīyya 14075:Ubaydīyya 14067:Shamrīyya 14059:Sālehīyya 14043:Tūmanīyya 14027:Yūnusīyya 13988:Sauwāqīyya 13964:Hakāiqīyya 13948:Karrāmīyya 13938:Hanafiyyah 13792:Kharijites 13730:Nuktawiyya 13681:al-Muqanna 13659:Muḥammirah 13647:Abu Muslim 13643:Rezāmīyya 13618:Hārithīyya 13610:Janāhiyya 13600:Hashimiyya 13574:Kaysanites 13521:Badakhshan 13454:Qarmatians 13441:Batiniyyah 13421:Isma'ilism 13392:Demir Bābā 13387:Baktāshism 13380:Bektashism 13359:ibn Nusayr 13355:al-Khaṣībī 13339:Kul Nesîmî 13335:Pir Sultan 13240:Khalafiyya 13235:Dukayniyya 13169:Shia Islam 13111:Maturidism 13033:Madkhalism 12936:Ibn Kullab 12759:Shia books 12309:Madkhalism 12209:Najjārīyya 12099:al-Qībtī ( 12073:Karramiyya 12069:Ibn Karram 12025:Mu'jassimā 11913:Al-Maydani 11903:Ali Qushji 11828:Al-Bazdawi 11804:Maturidism 11789:Al-Shafi'i 11658:Al-Baydawi 11618:Qadi Ayyad 11593:Ibn Tumart 11548:Al-Ghazali 11533:Al-Juwayni 11523:Al-Bayhaqi 11514:al-Ash'ari 11486:Philosophy 11407:Philosophy 11265:SUNY Press 10694:9 February 10276:al-ʿAqīda 10182:al-ʿAqīda 10143:al-ʿAqīda 10078:al-ʿAqīda 10025:al-ʿAqīda 10012:al-ʿAqīda 8690:Ibn Ḥazm: 8115:22 January 8087:19 January 7940:7 December 7476:Al-Murtaza 6953:Ibn Ḥazm: 6694:confidant. 6663:0521646960 6442:References 6370:Mauritania 6316:Grand Imam 6272:Ashʿarīyya 6175:Ashʿarites 6130:šīʿat ʿAlī 6122:umma wasaṭ 6097:Kharijites 5986:karramitic 5833:Imam Malik 5774:Abu Dawood 5555:monotheist 5551:al-Ghazālī 5485:) of God. 5197:, and the 5195:companions 5149:Bangladesh 5060:. Turkish 5043:archangels 4813:al-Ghazālī 4621:Bangladesh 4608:Movement. 4391:Al-Ghazali 4366:Shadiliyya 4358:Chishtiyya 4269:Ghazzali's 4219:Ashʿarites 4149:ascetics ( 4027:Kullabiyya 3868:Ash'arites 3842:Maturidism 3815:al-Ash'ari 3018:Wang Daiyu 2780:Background 2755:Maturidism 2693:al-Ghazali 2610:Ashʿarites 2553:narratives 2536:companions 2441:Ibn Kathir 2299:Bangladesh 2228:Abu Hanifa 2215:Banu Abbās 2150:Abu Sufyān 2051:mosque in 1892:Ibn Kullab 1883:Karramiyya 1864:Al-Jubba'i 1790:adjective 1780:Kharijites 1737:Abu Hanifa 1575:) and the 1567:Kharijites 1517:kills the 1282:appointed 956:Philosophy 693:(exegesis) 630:Pilgrimage 620:Almsgiving 438:Literature 403:Holy sites 291:Maturidism 148:Pilgrimage 83:Holy books 22023:Venezuela 21968:Argentina 21885:Australia 21837:Nicaragua 21812:Guatemala 21612:Lithuania 21434:Sri Lanka 21429:Singapore 21409:Palestine 21297:Indonesia 21287:Hong Kong 21109:Mauritius 20830:Overviews 20785:Criticism 20738:Sectarian 20728:Terrorism 20703:Theocracy 20648:Happiness 20616:Pluralism 20601:Education 20527:Religion 20499:Salvation 20489:Sociology 20434:Religious 20414:Pantheism 20404:Nontheism 20297:Mountains 20275:Sacrifice 20230:Orthodoxy 20220:Mythology 20215:Mysticism 20104:Behaviour 20013:Canaanite 19996:Mithraism 19964:Pueblo IV 19954:Pueblo II 19859:Mazdakism 19834:Hungarian 19807:Mysteries 19716:Dravidian 19498:Hungarian 19414:Caucasian 19385:Godianism 19345:Agni Yoga 19335:Theosophy 19298:Rastafari 19273:Modekngei 19253:Brahmoism 19246:Syncretic 19238:movements 19236:religious 19148:Quimbanda 19096:Candomblé 19089:Diasporic 18868:Bathouism 18858:Benzhuism 18773:Tsimshian 18724:Purépecha 18645:Longhouse 18620:Sun Dance 18552:Blackfoot 18540:Wabunowin 18535:Midewiwin 18456:Malaysian 18446:Kapitayan 18256:Digambara 18241:Ayyavazhi 18206:Vajrayana 18171:Theravada 18084:Ganapatya 18057:Ramanandi 17986:Hoahaoism 17864:Yiguandao 17759:Yarsanism 17754:Shabakism 17741:Yazdânism 17731:Zurvanism 17726:Mazdaznan 17685:Rastafari 17680:Mandaeism 17554:Wahhabism 17534:Ash'arism 17497:Tolstoyan 17487:Spiritual 17477:Mormonism 17448:Judaizers 17421:Quakerism 17399:Methodist 17389:Irvingism 17340:Calvinism 17293:Adventism 17276:Moravians 17113:Abrahamic 16354:Symbolism 16312:Incidents 16290:Criticism 16182:Mormonism 16079:Astrology 16005:Cosmology 16000:Astronomy 15942:Arabesque 15809:Etiquette 15768:Blasphemy 15558:Economics 15373:Ahmadiyya 15315:Muhakkima 15262:Wahhabism 15252:Mu'tazili 15237:Ash'arism 14698:Modernism 14630:Sabbatean 14618:Kabbalist 14596:Ahmadiyya 14527:Kala Kato 14500:Kā‘bīyya 14431:Bishriyya 14411:Muʿtazila 14339:al-Juhani 14332:Qadariyah 14202:Kalandars 14182:Hāshwīyya 14070:Abū Shamr 14003:Zarībīyya 14000:Wāhidīyya 13991:Sūramīyya 13985:Razīnīyya 13961:Dhīmmīyya 13930:Hasan ibn 13904:Wahbiyyah 13851:Abu Qurra 13777:Muhakkima 13721:Hurufiyya 13708:Mahdiists 13623:Riyāhīyya 13604:Hārbīyya 13545:Aga Khans 13540:Assassins 13503:Sulaymani 13467:ad-Darazi 13405:Hārābātīs 13322:Qizilbash 13315:Shaykhism 13191:Jarudiyya 13102:Al-Ahbash 13083:Ash'arism 13016:Al-Albani 12996:Wahhabism 12841:Ahmadiyya 12782:Al-Khisal 12692:Al-Irshad 12647:Key books 12294:Al-Albani 12262:Wahhabism 12116:Mu'tazila 12105:Qadariyah 11983:Mu'attila 11898:Ibn Kemal 11893:Khidr Bey 11773:Hanafiyah 11708:Al-Bahūtī 11703:Ibn Ashir 11668:Ibn Arafa 11563:Ibn Furak 11558:Al-Maziri 11509:Ash'arism 11476:Cosmology 11453:Cosmology 11448:Astronomy 11420:Education 10604:al-ʿAqīda 10536:al-ʿAqīda 10523:al-ʿAqīda 10507:al-ʿAqīda 10481:al-ʿAqīda 10455:al-ʿAqīda 10442:al-ʿAqīda 10429:al-ʿAqīda 10416:al-ʿAqīda 10390:al-ʿAqīda 10307:al-ʿAqīda 10065:al-ʿAqīda 9958:al-ʿAqīda 9934:al-ʿAqīda 9868:al-ʿAqīda 9756:al-ʿAqīda 9717:al-ʿAqīda 9445:759884386 8211:7 January 8105:USA Today 8060:24 August 8013:25 August 7840:. Brill, 7819:. Brill, 7796:5 January 7718:(2): 83. 7105:van Ess: 7006:und Ess: 6587:26 August 6582:0099-9660 6366:Salafiyya 6354:Salafiyya 6276:Salafiyya 6186:Indonesia 6181:Salafiyya 6093:Rafidites 6082:Muʿtazila 6039:Qadariyya 6014:forbidden 6012:and what 6010:permitted 5978:Qadaritic 5974:Kharijite 5970:Rafiditic 5856:Al-Darimi 5824:Al Haakim 5820:Mustadrak 5792:Ibn Majah 5765:Al-Nasa'i 5633:archangel 5527:accidents 5523:substance 5507:Zaidiyyah 5367:abrogated 5327:Messenger 5211:At-Tahāwī 5145:Old Dhaka 4728:Catechism 4649:doctrines 4629:Sri Lanka 4508:schools. 4506:Hanbalite 4498:Shafi'ite 4462:Madh'habs 4445:Madh'hab. 4350:Rifa'iyya 4342:Qadiriyya 4309:Bātinites 4107:Shafi'ite 4091:Mysticism 4031:Salafiyya 4016:Rafidites 3838:Ash'arism 3823:Hanbalite 3661:based on 3574:Deobandis 3429:Han Kitab 3354:(d. 2018) 3340:(d. 1993) 3333:(d. 1993) 3319:(d. 1986) 3295:(d. 1981) 3288:(d. 1970) 3281:(d. 1970) 3267:(d. 1974) 3246:(d. 1970) 3232:(d. 1962) 3197:(d. 1948) 3190:(d. 1948) 2954:Khidr Bey 2773:Samarkand 2727:Mu'tazili 2645:Nasafīyya 2641:Athariyya 2637:Salafiyya 2608:(d. 935) 2495:Adherents 2491:message. 2361:civil war 2349:communist 2324:Salafiyya 2185:Khārjites 2033:pluralism 1965:at-Tahawi 1836:Al-Ma'mūn 1761:Samanides 1731:The term 1664:Wahhabism 1634:The term 1589:Tashayyu' 1311:Six Books 1292:Shia view 1276:juridical 1220:romanized 1215:أهل السنة 1076:terrorism 1028:Criticism 981:Sexuality 951:Mysticism 921:Festivals 901:Education 896:Economics 832:Academics 788:Caliphate 601:Practices 420:Jerusalem 380:Modernism 368:Wahhabism 328:al-Wijdan 287:Ash'arism 22074:Category 22049:Category 22013:Suriname 22003:Paraguay 21988:Colombia 21895:Kiribati 21822:Honduras 21792:Dominica 21767:Barbados 21732:Scotland 21692:Slovenia 21687:Slovakia 21662:Portugal 21532:Bulgaria 21454:Thailand 21404:Pakistan 21384:Mongolia 21379:Maldives 21374:Malaysia 21262:Cambodia 21209:Zimbabwe 21184:Tanzania 21034:Ethiopia 21029:Eswatini 21009:Djibouti 20974:Cameroon 20959:Botswana 20903:Timeline 20898:Scholars 20858:Founders 20718:Violence 20673:Politics 20543:Business 20506:Theology 20250:Prophecy 20240:Paganism 20128:Covenant 20095:Apostasy 20030:Scythian 19971:Rapa Nui 19925:Thracian 19920:Illyrian 19910:Albanian 19881:Sumerian 19824:Harappan 19760:Germanic 19755:Georgian 19748:Selk'nam 19733:Etruscan 19721:Egyptian 19699:Druidism 19662:Armenian 19585:Satanism 19565:Eckankar 19488:Estonian 19473:Romanian 19463:Ossetian 19443:Germanic 19392:Armenian 19381:African 19374:paganism 19303:Sant Mat 19293:Rajneesh 19268:Meivazhi 19263:Japanese 19220:Siberian 19153:Santería 19123:Convince 18989:Bushongo 18893:Kiratism 18820:Hmongism 18687:Wocekiye 18672:Jivaroan 18640:Iroquois 18635:Ho-Chunk 18584:Cherokee 18507:American 18478:Hawaiian 18391:Sarnaism 18361:Tungusic 18349:Tengrism 18339:Mongolic 18268:Sarnaism 18199:Nichiren 18176:Mahayana 18163:Buddhism 18141:Sant Mat 18131:Sauraism 18126:Smartism 18121:Shaktism 18114:Balinese 18099:Kaumaram 18094:Kapalika 18089:Kashmiri 18074:Shaivism 18014:Hinduism 17981:Caodaism 17925:Ryukyuan 17920:Tenrikyo 17915:Shugendō 17893:Japanese 17764:Yazidism 17749:Ishikism 17627:Quranism 17600:Khawarij 17549:Salafism 17544:Atharism 17433:Esoteric 17404:Holiness 17394:Lutheran 17355:Reformed 17335:Baptists 17308:Brethren 17272:Hussites 17260:Assyrian 17176:Haymanot 17130:Orthodox 17079:Religion 16895:Musannaf 16642:Musannaf 16392:Category 16285:Islamism 16268:Muhammad 16224:Apostasy 16199:Hinduism 16089:Feminism 16020:Medicine 15860:Military 15814:Gambling 15763:Apostasy 15758:Criminal 15670:Marriage 15639:Tayammum 15591:Murabaha 15464:Madrasas 15454:Holidays 15444:Clothing 15439:Children 15434:Calendar 15385:Quranism 15319:Khawarij 15291:Alawites 15242:Atharism 15136:Rashidun 14975:In Islam 14970:Muhammad 14815:Tawakkul 14782:Tawassul 14744:Taṣawwuf 14666:doctrine 14514:Quranism 14303:Namiriya 13932:Muḥāmmad 13925:Murji'ah 13639:Rawendis 13562:Satpanth 13483:Musta'li 13478:Fatimids 13376:Hurufism 13363:Alawites 13268:Sects in 13260:Mahdiist 13196:Batriyya 13142:Deobandi 13093:Shafi'is 13028:Jihadism 12975:Salafism 12943:Hanbalis 12924:Atharism 12837:Malfūzāt 12775:Al-Amali 12372:Hazimism 12084:Murji'ah 12008:Jahmīyya 11996:Mu'jbira 11588:Ibn Aqil 11005:Archived 10635:pp. 1–17 9634:Archived 9412:Academy. 9283:Archived 9234:Archived 9158:Archived 9136:, 2008. 9107:13 March 9101:Archived 9075:, 2008. 8713:Archived 8659:Archived 8634:2 August 8516:(2014). 8488:(2014). 8205:Archived 8109:Archived 8081:Archived 8077:BBC News 8054:Archived 7964:Archived 7869:Muhammad 7790:Archived 7767:BBC News 7734:55948737 7347:Archived 6650:(1997). 6383:See also 6332:Islamist 6306:and the 6257:atheists 6249:scholars 6241:Wahhabis 6151:madrasas 6037:and the 6035:Jabriyya 5982:Murjiite 5694:Istanbul 5509:and the 5479:saiyiʾāt 5378:muʿǧizāt 5315:prophets 5301:Muhammad 5279:prophets 5268:Mohammed 5244:Prophets 5238:Messages 5233:Prophets 5191:Mohammed 5187:Mohammed 5175:Muhammad 5082:Muhammad 5039:Muhammed 4918:munfarid 4798:al-Qā'im 4794:al-Qādir 4617:Pakistan 4606:Deobandi 4602:Salafism 4502:Malikite 4494:Ẓāhirīte 4452:Shari'ah 4435:Kairouan 4333:Tariqahs 4303:and the 4221:and the 4204:and the 4192:the Book 4174:istiqrāʾ 4170:Tunisian 4109:scholar 4066:Ibn Hazm 4037:than in 4004:Abū Bakr 3986:scholar 3923:Ash'aris 3911:Albanian 3899:Ibn Hazm 3768:and the 3703:Maturidi 3649:Maturidi 3609:Category 3579:Barelwis 3552:Ash'aris 2747:a series 2745:Part of 2738:Maturidi 2710:and the 2580:Columbia 2540:Muhammad 2410:and the 2345:Cold War 2333:Jihadist 2329:Islamist 2287:Pakistan 2159:nepotism 2101:Rāshidun 2081:Abu Bakr 2077:Rāshidun 1942:Mu'minūn 1797:Ibn Hazm 1795:scholar 1784:Murjites 1741:Murdshia 1718:Umayyads 1668:Rāfidism 1603:Abū Bakr 1565:and the 1515:Mu'awiya 1432:rashidun 1386:Abu Bakr 1367:Maturidi 1284:Abu Bakr 1260:Muhammad 1122:Glossary 1098:Jihadism 1071:Violence 1066:Islamism 1037:Muhammad 1023:Apostasy 966:Politics 916:Feminism 911:Exorcism 872:Diaspora 857:Children 852:Calendar 780:Rashidun 758:Muhammad 753:Timeline 714:Mathnawi 576:Prophets 520:a series 518:Part of 363:Salafism 332:al-Kashf 301:Atharism 168:Abu Bakr 39:a series 37:Part of 22018:Uruguay 21993:Ecuador 21973:Bolivia 21950:Vanuatu 21877:Oceania 21827:Jamaica 21807:Grenada 21762:Bahamas 21722:England 21712:Ukraine 21667:Romania 21627:Moldova 21587:Ireland 21582:Iceland 21577:Hungary 21567:Germany 21557:Finland 21552:Estonia 21547:Denmark 21542:Czechia 21537:Croatia 21522:Belgium 21517:Belarus 21512:Austria 21507:Andorra 21502:Albania 21479:Vietnam 21389:Myanmar 21364:Lebanon 21282:Georgia 21242:Bahrain 21232:Armenia 21194:Tunisia 21164:Somalia 21149:Senegal 21134:Nigeria 21124:Namibia 21114:Morocco 21079:Liberia 21074:Lesotho 21024:Eritrea 20994:Comoros 20969:Burundi 20944:Algeria 20888:Outline 20853:Deities 20780:Atheism 20693:Science 20611:Freedom 20469:History 20436:studies 20389:Dualism 20379:Animism 20344:Worship 20324:Symbols 20265:Liturgy 20178:Goddess 20138:Deities 20119:Laicism 20109:Beliefs 20088:Aspects 20060:Zapotec 20055:Vainakh 20023:Yahwism 20008:Semitic 19937:Iranian 19839:Hurrian 19829:Hittite 19819:Guanche 19812:Orphism 19743:Fuegian 19738:Finnish 19726:Atenism 19672:Latvian 19657:Arabian 19600:Raëlism 19580:Jediism 19575:Goddess 19548:De novo 19436:Druidry 19330:Thelema 19283:New Age 19168:Umbanda 19059:Tumbuka 19044:Odinala 19029:Lugbara 18949:African 18915:African 18863:Bimoism 18853:Burmese 18699:Mapuche 18665:Wyandot 18625:Guarani 18606:Choctaw 18601:Chilote 18520:Alaskan 18515:Abenaki 18466:Tagalog 18439:Kejawèn 18288:Sikhism 18251:Jainism 18211:Tibetan 18194:Amidism 18062:Warkari 17976:Đạo Mẫu 17826:Chinese 17808:Eastern 17785:Roshani 17704:Iranian 17612:Alevism 17605:Ibadism 17578:Zaydism 17255:Ancient 17226:Eastern 17186:Renewal 17171:Karaite 17152:Zionist 17140:Hasidic 17122:Judaism 17104:Western 16624:Sahifah 16592:Topical 16339:Nursing 16300:Qutbism 16214:Sikhism 16209:Judaism 16204:Jainism 16194:Druzism 16030:Physics 15977:Pottery 15962:Gardens 15957:Carpets 15872:Slavery 15794:Divorce 15781:Dhabiĥa 15609:Hygiene 15584:Takaful 15566:Banking 15496:Science 15490:Qurbani 15459:Mosques 15419:Animals 15408:Culture 15342:Nukkari 15337:Azzabas 15324:Azariqa 15308:Zaydism 15296:Alevism 15172:Ottoman 15162:Almohad 15157:Fatimid 15152:Córdoba 15147:Abbasid 15142:Umayyad 15075:Leaders 15070:History 15028:Shahada 14943:Beliefs 14864:Shafi'i 14854:Hanbali 14820:Tewafuq 14800:Sadaqah 14761:Barelvi 14752:Ṭarīqah 14606:Qadiani 14579:beliefs 14349:Alevism 14196:Dimashq 13982:Nūnīyya 13976:Maʿīyya 13936:ibn al- 13911:Azzabas 13872:Ibadism 13860:Nukkari 13814:Azariqa 13799:Ajardi 13746:Bábīyya 13652:Sunpadh 13584:Mukhtār 13549:Nizaris 13524:Alevism 13498:Dawoodi 13488:Tayyibi 13450:Sevener 13429:Fathite 13303:Akhbari 13298:Ja'fari 13285:Twelver 13264:Shi'ite 13201:Imamate 13178:Zaydism 13129:Barelvi 13116:Hanafis 13088:Malikis 13057:Maqrizi 13006:Ibn Baz 12965:Zahiris 12727:Masnavi 12279:Ibn Baz 12093:Dimashq 11793:Shafi‘i 11723:'Illish 11458:Physics 11440:Science 11267:, 1996. 11240:4 April 11203:excerpt 11201:(2018) 11121:excerpt 11087:Sunnism 10910:p. 317. 10897:p. 314. 9240:11 July 9130:Hoboken 8304:1 April 8294:Philtar 7970:3 April 7567:(1982). 7266:Saleh: 6855:Zaman: 6345:Takfiri 6198:madhhab 6194:madhhab 6147:mosques 5990:Jahmīya 5829:Muwatta 5726:Bukhari 5703:Sahabah 5501:in the 5471:ḥasanāt 5307:Quraish 5291:maʿṣiya 5272:Quraish 5256:Abraham 5163:infidel 5106:Israfil 5095:Gabriel 5078:Gabriel 5054:Israfil 5050:Michael 5046:Gabriel 5020:prophet 4960:mumāssa 4821:Shahāda 4698:and in 4692:Tawheed 4679:issued 4586:Qadiris 4582:Chistis 4533:Hanbali 4529:Shafi'i 4439:Tunisia 4421:Schools 4403:Wahhabi 4395:Saladin 4376:(after 4368:(after 4364:), the 4360:(after 4356:), the 4352:(after 4348:), the 4344:(after 4223:Hanafis 4198:), the 3984:Hanbali 3913:Athari 3903:Murji'a 3887:Ottoman 3855:Hanbali 3847:Wahhabi 3831:Baghdad 3828:Abbasid 3721:Islamic 3705:creed. 3667:hadiths 3546:Classic 2675:Ash'ari 2669:Ash'ari 2404:Balkans 2319:Wahhabi 2277:of the 2267:Jakarta 2248:imāmate 2236:Shāfi'i 2193:Muāwiya 2169:al-sila 2130:Muāwiya 2069:Shi'ism 2039:History 2001:iǧtimāʿ 1852:jamāʿah 1611:Fadā'il 1551:Prophet 1549:of the 1460:as the 1448:tabi'in 1383:caliphs 1363:Ash'ari 1246:Muslims 1234: 1222:: 993:Slavery 976:Science 931:Madrasa 926:Finance 837:Animals 825:society 821:Culture 793:Imamate 773:Sahabah 746:History 716:(Poems) 701:(creed) 625:Fasting 553:Oneness 546:Beliefs 454:History 223:Hanbali 218:Shafi'i 197:schools 143:Fasting 138:Charity 66:Beliefs 22059:Portal 21998:Guyana 21978:Brazil 21945:Tuvalu 21842:Panama 21832:Mexico 21777:Canada 21772:Belize 21702:Sweden 21682:Serbia 21672:Russia 21657:Poland 21652:Norway 21632:Monaco 21602:Latvia 21597:Kosovo 21572:Greece 21562:France 21494:Europe 21459:Turkey 21444:Taiwan 21349:Kuwait 21322:Jordan 21312:Israel 21272:Cyprus 21257:Brunei 21252:Bhutan 21204:Zambia 21199:Uganda 21139:Rwanda 21094:Malawi 21054:Guinea 21044:Gambia 20949:Angola 20936:Africa 20745:Wealth 20688:Schism 20643:Growth 20567:Priest 20552:Clergy 20371:Theism 20354:Nature 20349:Astral 20292:Groves 20260:Ritual 20245:Prayer 20203:Novice 20153:Ethnic 20078:Topics 20050:Urartu 20045:Tongan 20040:Somali 20035:Slavic 19915:Dacian 19694:Celtic 19689:Basque 19667:Baltic 19518:Udmurt 19483:Uralic 19478:Slavic 19431:Celtic 19419:Abkhaz 19407:Romuva 19397:Baltic 19372:Modern 19215:Papuan 19178:Voodoo 19133:Kumina 19074:Yoruba 19064:Urhobo 19034:Maasai 19019:Lotuko 18967:Baluba 18957:Akamba 18930:Berber 18888:Heraka 18878:Dongba 18756:Pueblo 18751:Pawnee 18741:Navajo 18731:Muisca 18694:Lenape 18682:Lakota 18660:Seneca 18650:Mohawk 18572:Ohlone 18547:Apache 18530:Ojibwe 18505:Native 18371:Manchu 18366:Evenki 18327:Altaic 18318:Ethnic 18293:Khalsa 18246:Kalash 18136:Śrauta 18005:Indian 17935:Korean 17901:Shinto 17871:Taoism 17844:Luoism 17670:Baháʼí 17665:Bábism 17617:Ahmadi 17595:Sufism 17588:Alawis 17238:Church 17166:Reform 17147:Modern 17135:Haredi 16883:Musnad 16674:Musnad 16437:hadith 16151: 16109:poetry 15919: 15804:Ethics 15788:Dhimmi 15747:Baligh 15708:Mahram 15665:Family 15645:Toilet 15625:Miswak 15378:Lahori 15361:Najdat 15257:Salafi 15207:Seerah 15202:Tafsir 15197:Hadith 15167:Sokoto 15112:Sahaba 14987:Angels 14964:Tawhid 14921:topics 14869:Zahiri 14859:Maliki 14849:Hanafi 14825:Thawab 14805:Sunnah 14730:Other 14686:Hizmet 14650:Zikris 14621:Dönmes 14611:Lahori 14577:Muslim 14397:Rifa`i 14337:Ma'bad 14219:Tajsīm 14167:Tamsīl 13894:Ifrani 13834:Najdat 13737:Shayki 13706:Other 13674:Mazyar 13553:Khojas 13531:Nizari 13510:Hafizi 13471:Druzes 13452: 13396:Alians 13350:Ghulat 12830:Alawis 12097:Nabati 12062:Abdals 12044:Juzjan 11783:Maliki 11468:Sufism 11392:Ethics 11379:Aqidah 11371:Fields 11350:Fields 11288:Online 11254:online 11213:online 11192:online 11181:online 11156:online 11132:online 10806:Lord: 10793:Lord: 10780:Lord: 9443: 9433: 9332: 9289:28 May 9226: 9199: 9140: 9079: 9069:Leiden 8995: 8959: 8930: 8625: 8575: 8524: 8496: 8465: 8432: 8399: 8360: 8333: 8279:p. 108 8275: 8254: 8233: 7914:p. 138 7910: 7890:Quran 7877: 7844: 7823: 7732: 7689: 7662: 7637: 7612: 7587: 7547: 7522: 7457: 7430: 7378: 7353:5 June 7321: 7290: 6685: 6660: 6630: 6580: 6513: 6488: 6463: 6358:Kuwait 6322:, the 6314:, the 6284:Grozny 5946:Hadith 5925:Alevis 5905:Ahbāsh 5811:Musnad 5730:Muslim 5680:hadith 5653:ʿadlan 5649:faḍlan 5629:aqḍiya 5611:taqdīr 5586:šafāʿa 5463:scales 5436:Dajjal 5420:Sadaqa 5390:miʿrāǧ 5363:Sharia 5329:, the 5165:. The 5129:devils 5125:angels 5088:Angels 5074:angels 5070:angels 5058:Azrael 4990:ʿqudra 4909:Tawhid 4724:creeds 4708:saints 4696:Sharia 4681:fatwas 4641:Europe 4541:Shiite 4525:Maliki 4521:Hanafi 4515:, the 4490:Hanafi 4443:Maliki 4399:Salafi 4317:Method 4305:Sunnah 4301:Qur'an 4237:Taqlīd 4232:takwīn 4201:Sunnah 4196:Qur'an 4182:Hadith 4135:Hadith 4097:Sufism 4041:. The 3962:aqidah 3957:aqidah 3915:Salafi 3907:Syrian 3892:Fatiha 3851:Salafi 3836:While 3789:tafwid 3784:Qur'an 3779:ta'wil 3774:Qur'an 3770:hadith 3766:Qur'an 3751:as by 3749:athari 3744:hadith 3738:sunnah 3732:Qur'an 3715:Athari 3709:Athari 3699:Hanafi 3695:Maliki 3687:Hanafi 3679:Turkey 3671:Ethics 3663:Hanafi 3568:Modern 3512:Events 3028:Ma Zhu 2716:hadith 2712:Sunnah 2704:ethics 2662:tafwīḍ 2649:Hadith 2569:sharia 2549:Qur'an 2526: 2524: 2517: 2515: 2508: 2506: 2450:Tafsir 2406:, the 2402:, the 2396:Levant 2301:. The 2207:battle 2181:Zubair 2177:Talhah 2142:Fātima 2138:Husain 2136:after 2122:Marwān 2105:Turkey 2097:caliph 2089:Uthman 2065:Sufism 2057:mosque 2027:as an 2013:Sahaba 1983:) and 1716:, the 1628:Sunnah 1619:Sunnah 1577:Sunnah 1572:Qur'an 1547:Sunnah 1530:Sunnah 1492:Uthman 1489:caliph 1440:sahaba 1417:) and 1408:Uthman 1379:Athari 1323:Sharia 1313:) and 1307:hadith 1288:caliph 1255:Sunnah 1238:branch 1211:Arabic 1047:Hadith 961:Poetry 941:Mosque 906:Ethics 731:Sharia 699:Aqidah 691:Tafsir 675:Hadith 669:Sunnah 613:Prayer 564:Angels 415:Medina 390:Farahi 266:Jariri 259:Laythi 252:Thawri 245:Awza'i 238:Zahiri 230:Others 213:Maliki 208:Hanafi 195:Sunni 178:Uthman 133:Prayer 108:Sahaba 93:Angels 21983:Chile 21940:Tonga 21930:Samoa 21920:Palau 21910:Nauru 21817:Haiti 21737:Wales 21697:Spain 21622:Malta 21592:Italy 21484:Yemen 21439:Syria 21419:Qatar 21394:Nepal 21369:Macau 21332:Korea 21317:Japan 21292:India 21267:China 21179:Sudan 21129:Niger 21084:Libya 21069:Kenya 21049:Ghana 21039:Gabon 21014:Egypt 20954:Benin 20863:Index 20834:lists 20698:State 20516:Women 20384:Deism 20359:Place 20339:Water 20334:Truth 20302:Trees 20158:Faith 20123:Laity 20018:Punic 19976:Roman 19942:Vedic 19900:Olmec 19787:Greek 19780:Norse 19704:Irish 19525:Wicca 19320:Subud 19210:Inuit 19183:Winti 19173:Vodou 19138:Obeah 19118:Comfa 19101:Bantu 19054:Serer 19039:Mbuti 18999:Dogon 18994:Dinka 18977:Kongo 18972:Bantu 18898:Qiang 18788:Yaqui 18719:Olmec 18709:Aztec 18630:Haida 18567:Miwok 18562:Kuksu 18483:Māori 18414:Dayak 18335:Turko 18298:Sects 18234:Other 18189:Thiền 17773:Other 17675:Druze 17653:Other 17529:Sunni 17521:Islam 17303:Amish 17221:Latin 16964:study 16876:Sahih 16868:Types 16434:Sunni 16273:Quran 16153:Other 16048:Early 15972:Music 15888:Kalam 15842:Jizya 15830:Hudud 15715:Nikah 15632:Najis 15618:Ghusl 15577:Sukuk 15506:Women 15474:Music 15449:Flags 15354:Sufri 15347:Wahbi 15332:Ibadi 15232:Sunni 15192:Quran 15049:Zakat 15035:Salah 14998:Qadar 14956:Allah 14919:Islam 14810:Taqwa 14194:ī ad- 14192:Fāris 13846:Sufri 13669:Babak 13493:Alavi 13459:Hamza 13417:Imami 13308:Usuli 13281:Imami 13272:Islam 13256:Imami 13038:Sahwa 12101:Murjī 12095:ī an- 12046:ī al- 12037:Balkh 11761:Sunni 11758:Early 11430:Peace 11425:Logic 11397:Kalam 11358:Books 11296:, in 11073:Notes 10688:(PDF) 10681:(PDF) 8599:well. 8461:–37. 8258:p. 21 8237:p. 21 7984:See: 7892:9:100 7730:S2CID 7499:[ 7478:[ 7401:[ 7060:Ess: 7044:Ess: 7019:Vgl. 6966:Ess: 6885:Ess: 6718:Ess: 6705:Ess: 6304:Yemen 6300:Syria 6296:India 6292:Egypt 6245:fatwa 6234:salaf 6027:Qadar 6006:furūʿ 5976:, 20 5972:, 20 5964:work 5876:Azhar 5735:sahih 5665:saʿīd 5615:qadar 5607:Qadar 5603:qadāʾ 5579:raḥma 5543:aqwām 5440:Dabba 5412:fitna 5355:Arabs 5264:Moses 5260:ḫalīl 5252:mīṯāq 5227:Quran 5215:Quran 5206:Quran 5199:Ummah 5167:Quran 5159:Quran 5117:Satan 5110:souls 5103:angel 5092:angel 5016:Quran 5011:kalām 5005:baṣar 4995:irāda 4981:ḥayāh 4976:ṣifāt 4964:kursī 4947:abadī 4943:azalī 4931:maṯīl 4923:šarīk 4903:Unity 4884:Qadar 4806:Hijra 4613:India 4338:saint 4292:ulema 4289:Some 4257:ilhām 4249:Sufis 4207:Ijmāʿ 4162:jihad 4156:ribat 4143:Koran 4127:Kalam 4123:aṣnāf 4117:work 4103:Sufis 4084:fatwa 4079:fatwa 4039:Kalām 3932:Salaf 3761:zahir 3726:kalam 3691:Shafi 3562:Sufis 2708:Quran 2633:] 2622:Kalām 2575:Kalām 2528:Ibadi 2519:Shias 2510:Sunni 2433:ummah 2291:India 2202:Yazid 2198:Yazid 2173:Aisha 2164:zakāt 2053:Mecca 2049:Kaaba 1997:furqa 1985:furqa 1973:furqa 1921:with 1898:too. 1848:Sunna 1792:sunnī 1788:Nisba 1706:fitna 1697:fitna 1692:Isnad 1684:Sahih 1636:Sunna 1594:Mufti 1585:Shi'i 1543:sunna 1521:sunna 1484:sunna 1477:Sunna 1464:salaf 1428:) as 1373:kalam 1351:creed 1303:Quran 1242:Islam 1093:Jihad 1042:Quran 1003:Women 946:Music 884:Sunni 733:(law) 681:Sirah 662:Quran 646:Texts 528:Islam 432:Lists 410:Mecca 326:(Ahl 324:Sufis 315:Ihsan 18:Sunni 22008:Peru 21890:Fiji 21787:Cuba 21399:Oman 21359:Laos 21307:Iraq 21302:Iran 21219:Asia 21189:Togo 21099:Mali 20989:Chad 20832:and 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