331:. This section would outline the previous relationship the two groups had up until that point with historical detail and facts that are very beneficial to scholars today, such as scholar George Mendenhall who focuses on this type of covenant as it pertained to the Israelite traditions. The suzerain would document previous events in which they did a favor that benefitted the vassal. The purpose of this would show that the more powerful group was merciful and giving, therefore, the vassal should obey the stipulations that are presented in the treaty. It discusses the relationship between them as a personal relationship instead of a solely political one. Most importantly in this section, the vassal is agreeing to future obedience for the benefits that he received in the past without deserving them.
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included tributes, obligations and other forms of subordination that would be imposed on the
Israelites. According to the Hittite form, after the stipulations were offered to the vassal, it was necessary to include a request to have copies of the treaty that would be read throughout the kingdom periodically. The treaty would have divine and earthly witnesses purporting the treaty's validity, trustworthiness, and efficacy. This also tied into the blessings that would come from following the treaty and the curses from breaching it. For disobedience, curses would be given to those who had not remained steadfast in carrying out the stipulations of the treaty.
1283:, Castiel briefly attains god-like powers and takes direct control of Heaven. He then meets with the King of Hell, Crowley, to propose an arrangement in which Crowley maintains control over Hell's internal affairs but pledges allegiance to Castiel. He also requires Crowley to give him control over the distribution of souls between Heaven and Hell, as souls are a source of supernatural power that Castiel needs to maintain his dominance. Reasoning that he has no choice, Crowley promptly agrees to this arrangement.
1276:, the Mouth of Sauron proposes terms of surrender that would effectively give Mordor suzerainty over Gondor and Rohan: "The rabble of Gondor and its deluded allies shall withdraw at once beyond the Anduin, first taking oaths never again to assail Sauron the Great in arms, open or secret. ... West of the Anduin as far as the Misty Mountains and the Gap of Rohan shall be tributary to Mordor, and men there shall bear no weapons, but shall have leave to govern their own affairs."
811:
232:. Tributary members were virtually autonomous and carried out their own agendas despite paying tribute; this was the case with Japan, Korea, Ryukyu, and Vietnam. Chinese influence on tributary states was almost always non-interventionist in nature and tributary states "normally could expect no military assistance from Chinese armies should they be invaded".
305:
Each treaty would typically begin with an "Identification" of the
Suzerain, followed by an historical prologue cataloguing the relationship between the two groups "with emphasis on the benevolent actions of the suzerain towards the vassal". Following the historical prologue came the stipulation. This
223:
created the "tribute system" theory in a series of articles in the early 1940s to describe "a set of ideas and practices developed and perpetuated by the rulers of China over many centuries." The
Fairbank model presents the tribute system as an extension of the hierarchic and nonegalitarian Confucian
429:
the system of paramountcy was a system of limited sovereignty only in appearance. In reality, it was a system of recruitment of a reliable base of support for the imperial state. The support of the
Imperial State obviated the need for the rulers to seek legitimacy through patronage and dialogue with
417:
of the
British Indian government. They could not make war or have any direct dealings with foreign states. Neither did they enjoy full internal autonomy. The British government could and did interfere in their internal affairs if the imperial interests were involved or if it proved necessary in the
214:
as a form of tribute, and acknowledge his superiority and precedence. The other countries followed China's formal ritual in order to keep the peace with the more powerful neighbor and be eligible for diplomatic or military help under certain conditions. Political actors within the tributary system
205:
system was a network of loose international relations focused on China which facilitated trade and foreign relations by acknowledging China's predominant role in East Asia. It involved multiple relationships of trade, military force, diplomacy and ritual. The other states had to send a tributary
143:
in that the dominant power allows tributary states to be technically independent but enjoy only limited self-rule. Although the situation has existed in a number of historical empires, it is considered difficult to reconcile with 20th- or 21st-century concepts of
437:
envisaged that India would be a federation of autonomous provinces balanced by Indian princely states. This plan never came to fruition. The political conditions were oppressive in several princely states giving rise to political movements. Under pressure from
218:
The term "tribute system" as applied to China is a
Western invention. There was no equivalent term in the Chinese lexicon to describe what would be considered the "tribute system" today, nor was it envisioned as an institution or system. John King Fairbank and
337:
Provision for annual public reading: A copy of the treaty was to be read aloud annually in the vassal state for the purpose of renewal and to inform the public of the expectations involved and increase respect for the sovereign party, usually the
677:. All these territories have since been merged into Pakistan. These states were subject to the 'paramountcy' of the British Crown. The term was never precisely defined but it meant that the Indian states were subject to the suzerainty of the
473:
leaders agreed to the plan on the condition that
Mountbatten ensure that the majority of the states within the Indian territory accede to India. Under pressure from the governor-general, all the Indian states acceded to India save two,
344:
Blessings if the stipulations of the treaty were upheld and curses if the stipulations were not upheld. These blessings and curses were generally seen to come from the gods instead of punishment by the dominant party for
380:. It annexed many of the erstwhile Indian kingdoms ("states", in British terminology) but entered into alliances with others. Some states were created by the East India Company itself through the grant of
227:
In practice the behaviours which were collectively seen as a tributary system, involving tribute and gift exchange in return for symbolic subordination, were only formalized during the early years of the
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at the upper end with 16.5 million people and an annual revenue of 100 million rupees and states like Babri at the lower end with a population of 27 people and annual revenue of 80 rupees.
321:: Identifies the parties involved in the treaty, the author, the title of the sovereign party, and usually his genealogy. It usually emphasises the greatness of the king or dominant party.
1728:
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their populations. Through their direct as well as indirect rule through the princes, the colonial state turned the population of India into 'subjects' rather than citizens.
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Stipulations: Terms to be upheld by the vassal for the life of the treaty; defines how the vassal is obligated and gives more of the legalities associated with the covenant.
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of a stronger power, modern international law does not recognise any way of making this relationship compulsory on the weaker power. Suzerainty is a practical,
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405:, in 1926, "The sovereignty of the British Crown is supreme in India and therefore no ruler of an Indian State can justifiably claim to negotiate with the
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Divine witness to the treaty: These usually include the deities of both the
Suzerain and the vassal, but put special emphasis on the deities of the vassal.
1691:
British documents on foreign affairs—reports and papers from the
Foreign Office Confidential Print: From the mid-nineteenth century to the First World War
773:, several Western and Asian countries were allowed to exercise self-rule. Several states were created in order to facilitate their occupation, including
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announced that the
British paramountcy over Indian states would come to an end. The states were advised to accede to one of the new dominions,
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761:, who wrote, "German prestige demands that we should hold a strong protecting hand, not only over German citizens, but over all Germans."
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Suzerainty treaties and similar covenants and agreements between Middle Eastern states were quite prevalent during the pre-monarchic and
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separated these islands from the mainland administrative units, forming a new union territory by combining all the islands.
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resolved not to interfere directly but called on the princes to increase civil liberties and reduce their own privileges.
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interest of so-stated "good governance". In some cases, the British government also deposed these Indian princes.
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Zhu, Yuan Yi (2020). "Suzerainty, Semi-Sovereignty, and International Legal Hierarchies on China's Borderlands".
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social order. The more Confucian the actors, the more likely they were to participate in the tributary system.
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took over the administration of those islands for non-payment of arrears. These islands were attached to the
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The Chinese tributary system was upended in the 19th and 20th centuries as a result of Western and Japanese
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757:(in the United Baltic Duchy), were appointed as rulers. This plan was detailed by German Colonel General
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from 1200 to 600 BC. The structure of Jewish covenant law was similar to the Hittite form of suzerain.
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Sacrificial meal: Both parties would share a meal to show their participation in the treaty.
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called that word an "anachronism" in a statement, and recognized Tibet as part of China.
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749:(which comprised the modern countries of Latvia and Estonia). The German aristocrats
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145:
175:. India is responsible for military training, arms supplies, and the air defense of
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in exchange for it retaining its independence. This continued until 1975, when the
505:
211:
43:
1468:
Himalayan Frontiers of India: Historical, Geo-political and Strategic Perspectives
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Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in
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to influential allies. The states varied enormously in size and influence, with
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are called vassalage, and the rights and obligations of a suzerain are called
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Visions of Ryukyu: identity and ideology in early-modern thought and politics
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as being under Chinese suzerainty, but in 2008 the British Foreign Secretary
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27:
709:, which existed until 1910, when it became the Province of Transvaal in the
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was granted its independence, albeit under British suzerainty. During the
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835: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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were largely autonomous and in almost all cases virtually independent.
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327:: Lists the deeds already performed by the Suzerain on behalf of the
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96:) includes the rights and obligations of a person, state, or other
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The principle of paramountcy was explicitly stated in a letter by
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Protracted Contest: Sino-Indian Rivalry in the Twentieth Century
1828:
Mendenhall, G. (1954). "Covenant Forms in Israelite Tradition".
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China's Hegemony: Four Hundred Years of East Asian Domination
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district. The rest of the islands became a suzerainty of the
577:
509:
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on an equal footing." This meant that the Indian states were
382:
240:
172:
52:
1664:
Korea and the Imperialists: In Search of a National Identity
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3738:
3004:
2342:
705:(1899–1902), the South African Republic was annexed as the
88:
79:
70:
61:
1900:
1816:
1642:
1471:. Routledge contemporary South Asia series. Vol. 13.
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3536:
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1751:
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1747:
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2082:. Atlantic Publishers. pp. 146–. GGKEY:FYQFERQJW2U.
1864:
1888:
1836:(3). The American Schools of Oriental Research: 49–76.
2040:
Modern South Asia: History, Culture, Political Economy
1742:
1812:. Nashville: B & H Publishing Group. p. 113.
584:
in 1787. They passed on to British control after the
82:
64:
55:
49:
2001:"Supernatural - 7x01 - Castiel makes Crowley a deal"
1876:
1618:
552:
of India off the coast of the southwestern state of
85:
76:
67:
1687:
1630:
1594:
745:. New monarchies were created in Lithuania and the
46:
19:"Suzerain" redirects here. For the video game, see
3519:
1716:
2107:The Story of the Integration of the Indian States
1936:
1582:
309:
4883:
2120:, Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press,
1787:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 103.
1762:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 100.
1606:
729:received a very short-lived suzerainty over the
314:Below is a form of a Hittite suzerainty treaty.
269:
4472:Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)
2060:Liu Hung-Chang and China's Early Modernization
1718:"UK recognises China's direct rule over Tibet"
4415:
3997:
2188:
1125:Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
1120:Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus
755:Adolf Friedrich, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
2089:Capitalism and Democracy: A Fragile Alliance
1807:
4429:
3966:List of administrative divisions by country
2140:
2086:
1978:The Equality of States in International Law
1930:
1918:
1906:
1648:
600:in return for a payment of annual tribute.
531:
258:Since colonial times, Britain had regarded
4422:
4408:
4004:
3990:
2195:
2181:
2071:. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
1954:
1827:
1810:The Essence of the Old Testament: A Survey
1660:
1510:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
1438:(2). Cambridge University Press: 293–320.
1267:
800:
112:. Where the subordinate party is called a
16:Rights and obligations of a dominant state
4487:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
2029:
1894:
1785:A Brief Introduction to the Old Testament
1760:A Brief Introduction to the Old Testament
1532:"Eastern Air Command Chief Visits Bhutan"
851:Learn how and when to remove this message
688:
2233:
1002:County of Stolberg-Schwarza (after 1748)
108:but allows the tributary state internal
4492:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
3171:
2150:(2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
1808:Hindson, Ed; Yates, Gary, eds. (2012).
1714:
1464:
4884:
2066:
1782:
1757:
1553:
649:acting as the suzerain until 1956 for
645:maintained their sovereignty with the
357:
206:envoy to China on schedule, who would
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3170:
2232:
2215:
2176:
2113:
2104:
2075:
1942:
1882:
1870:
1636:
1529:
494:in 1947, a treaty signed between the
1423:
1421:
833:adding citations to reliable sources
804:
376:in 1757, and gradually extended its
2095:
2079:Constitutional Development of India
2057:
1624:
1612:
1600:
1588:
1427:
1382:
764:
13:
4565:International relations since 1989
4555:Diplomatic history of World War II
4477:International Criminal Court (ICC)
2043:(2nd ed.). Psychology Press.
1958:The General Staff and its Problems
1567:online. 2004-08-15. Archived from
1431:Asian Journal of International Law
1234:Ireland, under the control of the
1184:
520:in favour of a merger into India.
469:was devised for this purpose. The
128:. The rights and obligations of a
14:
4918:
4861:International political sociology
2216:
1694:. Great Britain. Foreign Office.
1418:
1319:Mandala (Southeast Asian history)
1046:Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine
863:
298:and other tribal kingdoms of the
201:The tributary system of China or
193:List of tributary states of China
182:
124:, the dominant party is called a
4892:Types of administrative division
2983:Organized incorporated territory
2022:
1990:Return of the King, pages 173-74
1066:Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
1057:Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
809:
716:
518:Sikkimese monarchy was abolished
158:situation, rather than a legal,
42:
4856:International political economy
4012:Autonomous types of first-tier
3971:Slavic administrative divisions
2007:from the original on 2023-05-04
1993:
1984:
1969:
1948:
1801:
1776:
1731:from the original on 2022-01-12
1715:Spencer, Richard (2008-11-05).
1708:
1681:
1667:. AuthorHouse. pp. 49–50.
1654:
1503:"Indo-Bhutan Friendship Treaty"
1407:from the original on 2009-04-22
1252:
1145:
820:needs additional citations for
378:control over the whole of India
251:took Vietnam, and Britain took
3520:Non-English terms or loanwords
2724:Direct-controlled municipality
2087:de Klundert, Theo van (2013),
1955:Ludendorff, Erich von (1920).
1523:
1495:
1458:
1389:
1135:Democratic Republic of Georgia
1085:Belarusian Democratic Republic
998:County of Stolberg-Wernigerode
769:Despite being occupied by the
453:in 1947, the Governor-General
310:Hittite suzerainty treaty form
1:
2849:Special administrative region
1377:
1351:Special Administrative Region
927:Principality of Upper Hungary
4824:Related fields and subfields
2749:Mountain resort municipality
2626:Intermediate school district
2609:Educational service district
2465:Regional county municipality
2014:– via www.youtube.com.
1688:George D. E. Philip (1994).
1203:
1069:Duchy of Estonia and Livonia
922:Principality of Transylvania
787:Independent State of Croatia
435:Government of India Act 1935
270:Ancient Israel and Near East
197:Emperor at home, king abroad
7:
3080:Autonomous territorial unit
2100:, Columbia University Press
1783:Coogan, Michael D. (2009).
1758:Coogan, Michael D. (2009).
1286:
1246:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
1105:Crimean Regional Government
1090:Ukrainian People's Republic
751:Wilhelm Karl, Duke of Urach
629:Princely states of Pakistan
622:
10:
4923:
4866:Peace and conflict studies
4482:Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
2961:National capital territory
2682:Indian reserve/reservation
2549:Indian government district
2203:Designations for types of
1975:Dickinson, Edwin De Witt,
1830:The Biblical Archaeologist
972:North German Confederation
626:
558:Aminidivi group of islands
370:British East India Company
361:
294:had been suzerains to the
186:
25:
18:
4823:
4775:
4573:
4530:
4505:
4459:
4450:
4437:
4339:
4283:
4202:
4127:
4104:
4096:List of federal countries
4021:
3951:Autonomous administration
3938:
3804:
3529:
3525:
3514:
3407:
3181:
3177:
3166:
3090:
3064:
3026:
3003:
2956:Federal capital territory
2941:
2901:
2836:
2804:
2769:
2704:
2681:
2653:
2569:Non-metropolitan district
2559:Local government district
2514:
2496:
2478:
2418:
2395:
2341:
2316:
2302:
2279:
2243:
2239:
2228:
2224:
2211:
2091:, Edward Elgar Publishing
2076:Gupta, Manik Lal (1958).
1961:. Vol. 2. New York:
1444:10.1017/S204425132000020X
1361:Tributary system of China
1006:County of Stolberg-Gedern
993:Principality of Neuchâtel
983:Electorate of Brandenburg
932:Principality of Wallachia
617:States Reorganisation Act
588:and were attached to the
580:) came under the rule of
485:
189:Tributary system of China
167:Current examples include
2761:Specialized municipality
2438:Consolidated city-county
2144:; Arnold, David (2010).
2067:Garver, John W. (2001).
1223:(1719–1918), previously
957:Emirate of Mount Lebanon
902:Principality of Moldavia
897:Principality of Bulgaria
444:Indian National Congress
421:According to historians
352:
139:Suzerainty differs from
26:Not to be confused with
4841:Foreign policy analysis
4653:International community
4431:International relations
3123:Military exclusion zone
3101:Exclusive economic zone
2866:National capital region
2458:Non-metropolitan county
2205:administrative division
2114:Smits, Gregory (1999),
2058:Chu, Samuel C. (1994),
1931:Stein & Arnold 2010
1919:Stein & Arnold 2010
1907:Stein & Arnold 2010
1561:"A Nation Pays Tribute"
1371:Westphalian sovereignty
1268:Suzerainties in fiction
1115:Kuban People's Republic
1094:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
1019:Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg
942:Vilayet of Tripolitania
912:Principality of Romania
801:Historical suzerainties
723:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
503:Prime Minister of India
467:Instrument of Accession
4046:Corporative federalism
4041:Cooperative federalism
3140:Self-administered zone
2978:Incorporated territory
2845:Administrative region
2614:Local service district
2534:Congressional district
2109:. New York: Macmillan.
2096:Lee, Ji-Young (2017),
1538:online. Archived from
1530:Dorji, Kinley (2007).
1274:The Return of the King
1040:Kingdom of Württemberg
872:Principality of Serbia
699:South African Republic
689:South African Republic
681:exercised through the
647:Government of Pakistan
586:Third Anglo-Mysore War
499:Palden Thondup Namgyal
4031:Asymmetric federalism
3111:Special economic zone
2795:Praetorian prefecture
2779:Autonomous prefecture
2739:Regional municipality
2729:District municipality
2564:Metropolitan district
2428:Administrative county
2410:Residential community
2256:Local government area
1895:Bose & Jalal 2004
1048:(Franco-Prussian War)
1042:(Franco-Prussian War)
1036:(Franco-Prussian War)
877:Principality of Samos
711:Union of South Africa
492:independence of India
451:independence of India
362:Further information:
187:Further information:
21:Suzerain (video game)
4831:Comparative politics
4091:Symmetric federalism
3702:Njësi administrative
2734:Neutral municipality
2673:Subdivision of India
2405:Autonomous community
2294:Metropolitan borough
2234:Common English terms
2105:Menon, V.P. (1956).
1473:Taylor & Francis
1272:In J.R.R. Tolkien's
1262:Kingdom of Larantuka
1236:High King of Ireland
1075:Kingdom of Lithuania
1024:Grand Duchy of Baden
1014:Grand Duchy of Posen
892:Septinsular Republic
829:improve this article
753:(in Lithuania), and
4613:Collective security
4497:United Nations (UN)
4331:Territorial dispute
4311:Military occupation
4225:Dependent territory
4187:Supranational union
4162:Multinational state
3345:Autonomous republic
3273:Enclave and exclave
3172:Other English terms
2968:Dependent territory
2814:Autonomous province
2744:Resort municipality
2719:County municipality
2506:Overseas department
2453:Metropolitan county
2266:Unincorporated area
1933:, pp. 357–358.
1921:, pp. 336–337.
1873:, pp. 145–146.
1724:The Daily Telegraph
1661:Young Park (2009).
1465:Warikoo, K (2009).
1062:United Baltic Duchy
1028:Franco-Prussian War
987:Brandenburg-Prussia
789:in Croatia and the
747:United Baltic Duchy
603:After a while, the
449:With the impending
358:British paramountcy
104:and relations of a
100:which controls the
4389:Tribal sovereignty
4135:Composite monarchy
3961:Electoral district
3278:Federal dependency
3106:Free economic zone
2990:Overseas territory
2873:Development region
2756:Rural municipality
2689:Indian reservation
2581:Municipal district
2539:Electoral district
2379:Free imperial city
2147:A History of India
1217:Holy Roman Emperor
1052:Kingdom of Finland
1034:Kingdom of Bavaria
968:Kingdom of Prussia
952:Regency of Algiers
937:Khedivate of Egypt
907:Republic of Ragusa
659:Balochistan States
524:is now one of the
411:crown dependencies
407:British Government
403:Mir Osman Ali Khan
399:Nizam of Hyderabad
4897:International law
4879:
4878:
4851:International law
4720:Right of conquest
4685:National interest
4628:Deterrence theory
4526:
4525:
4513:League of Nations
4397:
4396:
4192:Continental union
4086:Fiscal federalism
4056:Ethnic federalism
3979:
3978:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3510:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3162:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3076:Territorial unit
2973:Federal territory
2951:Capital territory
2856:Autonomous region
2820:Overseas province
2714:City municipality
2605:Service district
2601:Sanitary district
2591:Regional district
2576:Military district
2433:Autonomous county
2366:Incorporated city
2157:978-1-4051-9509-6
2050:978-0-415-30787-1
1794:978-0-19-983011-4
1769:978-0-19-983011-4
1603:, pp. 28–29.
1482:978-0-415-46839-8
1475:US. p. 139.
1080:Kingdom of Poland
917:Serbian Despotate
861:
860:
853:
783:Empire of Vietnam
641:which acceded to
613:Madras Presidency
514:Kingdom of Sikkim
496:Chogyal of Sikkim
146:international law
4914:
4871:Security studies
4663:Internationality
4658:Internationalism
4457:
4456:
4424:
4417:
4410:
4401:
4400:
4374:Stateless nation
4359:Decentralization
4210:Associated state
4071:Federal republic
4066:Federal monarchy
4006:
3999:
3992:
3983:
3982:
3567:Regierungsbezirk
3527:
3526:
3516:
3515:
3179:
3178:
3168:
3167:
3130:Free speech zone
3036:Charter township
2789:Super-prefecture
2633:Special district
2544:Federal district
2524:Capital district
2488:Overseas country
2361:Independent city
2332:Imperial capital
2271:Unorganized area
2241:
2240:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2213:
2212:
2197:
2190:
2183:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2110:
2101:
2092:
2083:
2072:
2063:
2054:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2012:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1982:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1928:
1922:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1825:
1814:
1813:
1805:
1799:
1798:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1755:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1720:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1658:
1652:
1649:de Klundert 2013
1646:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1627:, p. 15-16.
1622:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1507:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1425:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1393:
1383:Inline citations
1294:Associated state
1227:(1499–1719) and
964:Duchy of Prussia
856:
849:
845:
842:
836:
813:
805:
765:Second World War
759:Erich Ludendorff
731:Baltic countries
707:Transvaal Colony
683:Viceroy of India
609:Malabar district
512:suzerainty over
506:Jawaharlal Nehru
455:Lord Mountbatten
95:
94:
91:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
73:
72:
69:
66:
63:
60:
57:
54:
51:
48:
4922:
4921:
4917:
4916:
4915:
4913:
4912:
4911:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4819:
4810:Postcolonialism
4771:
4700:Non-state actor
4695:Non-belligerent
4690:Neutral country
4675:Interventionism
4608:Co-belligerence
4569:
4522:
4501:
4446:
4433:
4428:
4398:
4393:
4352:Autonomous area
4335:
4279:
4270:Tributary state
4260:Satellite state
4198:
4172:Political union
4155:Colonial empire
4123:
4100:
4076:Federated state
4051:Dual federalism
4017:
4010:
3980:
3975:
3956:Census division
3926:
3800:
3521:
3494:
3445:Imperial Circle
3403:
3173:
3154:
3148:Free-trade zone
3086:
3060:
3051:Survey township
3022:
2999:
2995:Union territory
2937:
2932:Sovereign state
2897:
2888:Overseas region
2832:
2800:
2765:
2700:
2691:(United States)
2677:
2668:Police division
2663:Census division
2649:
2621:School district
2586:Police district
2510:
2492:
2474:
2414:
2391:
2386:Royal free city
2351:Autonomous city
2337:
2326:Federal capital
2312:
2298:
2275:
2235:
2220:
2207:
2201:
2171:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2051:
2025:
2020:
2019:
2010:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1985:
1974:
1970:
1953:
1949:
1941:
1937:
1929:
1925:
1917:
1913:
1905:
1901:
1893:
1889:
1881:
1877:
1869:
1865:
1842:10.2307/3209151
1826:
1817:
1806:
1802:
1795:
1781:
1777:
1770:
1756:
1743:
1734:
1732:
1713:
1709:
1702:
1686:
1682:
1675:
1659:
1655:
1647:
1643:
1635:
1631:
1623:
1619:
1611:
1607:
1599:
1595:
1587:
1583:
1574:
1572:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1545:
1543:
1528:
1524:
1515:
1513:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1463:
1459:
1426:
1419:
1410:
1408:
1401:Merriam Webster
1395:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1356:Tributary state
1334:Satellite state
1289:
1279:In Season 7 of
1270:
1258:
1229:County of Vaduz
1209:
1189:
1186:Empire of Japan
1150:
1129:Otto von Lossow
1100:Ukrainian State
979:
947:Eyalet of Tunis
887:Crimean Khanate
868:
857:
846:
840:
837:
826:
814:
803:
767:
719:
703:Second Boer War
697:(1880–81), the
691:
669:, and 1974 for
667:Frontier States
635:princely states
631:
625:
615:. In 1956, the
594:Arakkal Kingdom
550:Union territory
540:Located in the
538:
526:states of India
488:
366:
360:
355:
312:
272:
212:Chinese emperor
199:
185:
122:tributary state
106:tributary state
75:
45:
41:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4920:
4910:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4827:
4825:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4790:English school
4787:
4785:Constructivism
4781:
4779:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4769:
4764:
4763:
4762:
4757:
4755:Non-aggression
4752:
4747:
4742:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4671:
4670:
4665:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4599:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4577:
4575:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4536:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4521:
4520:
4515:
4509:
4507:
4503:
4502:
4500:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4463:
4461:
4454:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4427:
4426:
4419:
4412:
4404:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4355:
4354:
4343:
4341:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4206:
4204:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4167:Personal union
4164:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4147:
4145:Dynastic union
4142:
4137:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4119:Regional state
4116:
4110:
4108:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4027:
4025:
4019:
4018:
4016:administration
4009:
4008:
4001:
3994:
3986:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3872:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3853:
3852:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3715:
3714:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3664:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3652:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3618:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3533:
3531:
3523:
3522:
3512:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3500:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3411:
3409:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3363:
3362:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3196:
3191:
3185:
3183:
3175:
3174:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3150:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3118:Exclusion zone
3115:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3097:Economic zone
3094:
3092:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3082:
3074:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3056:Urban township
3053:
3048:
3046:Paper township
3043:
3041:Civil township
3038:
3032:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3015:
3009:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2958:
2947:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2907:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2861:Capital region
2858:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2842:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2827:Roman province
2823:
2816:
2810:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2775:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2710:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2695:Indian reserve
2692:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2659:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2645:Urban district
2642:
2641:
2640:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2603:
2598:
2596:Rural district
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2520:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2484:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2424:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2401:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2347:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2289:County borough
2285:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2247:
2245:
2237:
2236:
2222:
2221:
2209:
2208:
2200:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2177:
2170:
2169:
2156:
2138:
2126:
2111:
2102:
2093:
2084:
2073:
2064:
2055:
2049:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2017:
1992:
1983:
1968:
1965:. p. 562.
1947:
1935:
1923:
1911:
1909:, p. 306.
1899:
1887:
1885:, p. 148.
1875:
1863:
1815:
1800:
1793:
1775:
1768:
1741:
1707:
1700:
1680:
1673:
1653:
1651:, p. 176.
1641:
1629:
1617:
1605:
1593:
1591:, p. 177.
1581:
1552:
1522:
1494:
1481:
1457:
1417:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1304:Finlandization
1301:
1296:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1239:
1232:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1193:Ryukyu Kingdom
1188:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1149:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1139:Treaty of Poti
1132:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1031:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1003:
995:
990:
978:
961:
960:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
867:
865:Ottoman Empire
862:
859:
858:
817:
815:
808:
802:
799:
795:Central Russia
791:Lokot Autonomy
766:
763:
721:Following the
718:
715:
695:First Boer War
690:
687:
627:Main article:
624:
621:
537:
530:
490:Following the
487:
484:
440:Mahatma Gandhi
364:Princely state
359:
356:
354:
351:
350:
349:
346:
342:
339:
335:
332:
322:
311:
308:
280:Ancient Israel
271:
268:
264:David Miliband
245:Ryukyu Islands
184:
183:Imperial China
181:
102:foreign policy
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4919:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4822:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4774:
4768:
4765:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4660:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4583:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4572:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4533:
4529:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4504:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4452:Organizations
4449:
4443:
4440:
4439:
4436:
4432:
4425:
4420:
4418:
4413:
4411:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4349:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4338:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4240:Indirect rule
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4140:Dual monarchy
4138:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4126:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4107:
4106:Unitary state
4103:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4036:Confederation
4034:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4024:
4020:
4015:
4007:
4002:
4000:
3995:
3993:
3988:
3987:
3984:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3937:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3803:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3671:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3646:Kommun/Kunta
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3517:
3513:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3470:Roman diocese
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3406:
3400:
3397:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3310:Neighbourhood
3308:
3306:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3189:Alpine resort
3187:
3186:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3169:
3165:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3089:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3072:Regional unit
3070:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2921:Federal state
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2784:Subprefecture
2782:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2768:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2554:Land district
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2529:City district
2527:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2372:Imperial city
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2218:English terms
2214:
2210:
2206:
2198:
2193:
2191:
2186:
2184:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2159:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2142:Stein, Burton
2139:
2129:
2127:0-8248-2037-1
2123:
2119:
2118:
2112:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2094:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2074:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2035:Jalal, Ayesha
2032:
2028:
2027:
2023:Sources cited
2006:
2002:
1996:
1987:
1980:
1979:
1972:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1951:
1944:
1939:
1932:
1927:
1920:
1915:
1908:
1903:
1897:, p. 83.
1896:
1891:
1884:
1879:
1872:
1867:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1811:
1804:
1796:
1790:
1786:
1779:
1771:
1765:
1761:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1719:
1711:
1703:
1701:9780890936061
1697:
1693:
1692:
1684:
1676:
1674:9781467061407
1670:
1666:
1665:
1657:
1650:
1645:
1639:, p. 35.
1638:
1633:
1626:
1621:
1615:, p. 12.
1614:
1609:
1602:
1597:
1590:
1585:
1571:on 2011-06-10
1570:
1566:
1562:
1556:
1542:on 2006-11-05
1541:
1537:
1533:
1526:
1511:
1504:
1498:
1484:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1461:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1424:
1422:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1388:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1284:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1247:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1221:Liechtenstein
1218:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1004:
1001:
1000:
999:
996:
994:
991:
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415:protectorates
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28:Sovereigntism
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4902:Independence
4750:Multilateral
4729:
4680:Isolationism
4633:Expansionism
4383:
4379:Subsidiarity
4275:Vassal state
4255:Puppet state
4250:Protectorate
4215:Client state
3941:
3862:Maalaiskunta
3822:Heerlijkheid
3662:Län (Sweden)
3376:
3330:Protectorate
3325:Principality
3246:Constituency
3135:Neutral zone
2930:
2825:
2818:
2793:
2706:Municipality
2384:
2377:
2370:
2356:Charter city
2330:
2261:Special area
2251:Insular area
2161:. Retrieved
2146:
2131:, retrieved
2116:
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2097:
2088:
2078:
2068:
2059:
2039:
2031:Bose, Sugata
2009:. Retrieved
1995:
1986:
1977:
1971:
1963:E. P. Dutton
1957:
1950:
1938:
1926:
1914:
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1722:
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1555:
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1540:the original
1525:
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1512:. 1949-08-08
1497:
1486:. Retrieved
1467:
1460:
1435:
1429:
1409:. Retrieved
1400:
1391:
1366:Vassal state
1343:
1329:Puppet state
1299:Client state
1281:Supernatural
1280:
1278:
1273:
1271:
1225:Schellenberg
1215:control, as
1147:Qing dynasty
1110:Don Republic
1008:(after 1804)
882:Cretan State
847:
838:
827:Please help
822:verification
819:
775:Vichy France
768:
725:(1918), the
720:
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632:
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590:South Canara
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392:
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230:Ming dynasty
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138:
133:
125:
118:vassal state
37:
36:
4907:Sovereignty
4846:Geopolitics
4725:Sovereignty
4705:Imperialism
4618:Colonialism
4603:Appeasement
4518:Warsaw Pact
4306:Irredentism
4284:Development
4265:Trusteeship
4230:Direct rule
4203:Subordinacy
4014:subdivision
3857:Landskommun
3749:Savivaldybė
3615:Switzerland
3610:South Tyrol
3490:Viceroyalty
3283:Governorate
3241:Condominium
3144:Trade zone
3018:Market town
3013:Census town
2911:Proto-state
2883:Microregion
2448:County town
2443:County seat
2310:Half-canton
2062:, Routledge
1314:Imperialism
1231:(1322–1719)
771:Axis powers
661:, 1969 for
639:British Raj
582:Tipu Sultan
546:Lakshadweep
542:Arabian Sea
423:Sugata Bose
278:periods in
253:Upper Burma
237:colonialism
221:Teng Ssu-yu
141:sovereignty
32:Sovereignty
4886:Categories
4800:Liberalism
4745:Friendship
4730:Suzerainty
4384:Suzerainty
4326:Separatism
4301:Detachment
4291:Annexation
4182:Superstate
4177:Real union
4114:Devolution
4081:Federation
4023:Federalism
3805:Historical
3769:Shahrestān
3712:Autonomous
3460:Presidency
3408:Historical
3377:Suzerainty
3360:Autonomous
3204:Autonomous
2926:Free state
2916:City-state
2878:Mesoregion
2771:Prefecture
2498:Department
2011:2023-02-08
1943:Menon 1956
1883:Gupta 1958
1871:Gupta 1958
1735:2010-07-12
1637:Smits 1999
1575:2011-11-01
1546:2011-11-01
1516:2011-08-12
1488:2011-08-12
1411:2010-04-30
1397:"Suzerain"
1378:References
693:After the
657:, and the
651:Bahawalpur
534:Laccadives
501:, and the
372:conquered
296:Israelites
134:suzerainty
38:Suzerainty
4836:Diplomacy
4740:Bilateral
4638:Grey-zone
4591:Coalition
4550:1919–1939
4545:1814–1919
4540:1648–1814
4369:Home rule
4321:Secession
4316:Partition
3846:Landskap
3842:Län/Lääni
3796:Vingtaine
3764:Seniūnija
3754:Selsoviet
3729:Poblacion
3666:Landskap
3596:Gemeinde
3587:Freguesia
3542:Apskritis
3465:Residency
3430:Exarchate
3372:Sultanate
3263:Eldership
3194:Bailiwick
2943:Territory
2893:Subregion
2638:in the US
2470:Viscounty
2397:Community
1858:166165146
1452:225302411
1255:Indonesia
779:Manchukuo
743:Lithuania
598:Cannanore
480:Hyderabad
388:Hyderabad
292:Assyrians
288:Egyptians
4795:Feminism
4648:Idealism
4643:Hegemony
4596:Military
4581:Alliance
4574:Concepts
4560:Cold War
4442:Glossary
4364:Hegemony
4347:Autonomy
4340:See also
4235:Dominion
4061:Federacy
3947:See also
3682:Maakunta
3677:Località
3622:Gemeente
3582:Frazione
3552:Barangay
3382:Townland
3320:Precinct
3305:Muftiate
3256:District
3216:Cadastre
3028:Township
2806:Province
2697:(Canada)
2655:Division
2516:District
2133:June 20,
2037:(2004).
2005:Archived
1729:Archived
1625:Lee 2017
1613:Lee 2017
1601:Lee 2017
1589:Chu 1994
1405:Archived
1324:Overking
1309:Hegemony
1287:See also
1242:Piombino
1213:Habsburg
1179:Thailand
1154:Mongolia
1131:mission)
841:May 2024
665:and the
655:Khairpur
643:Pakistan
623:Pakistan
476:Junagadh
471:Congress
463:Pakistan
345:example.
325:Prologue
319:Preamble
284:Hittites
276:monarchy
243:and the
155:de facto
126:suzerain
110:autonomy
4815:Realism
4805:Marxism
4668:Liberal
4586:Entente
4532:History
4460:Present
4296:Cession
4245:Mandate
3942:italics
3902:Satrapy
3887:Pargana
3812:Commote
3670:Finland
3650:Finland
3642:Kampong
3632:Hromada
3605:Germany
3600:Austria
3572:Comarca
3530:Current
3485:Tithing
3455:Monthon
3440:Hundred
3387:Village
3340:Regency
3335:Quarter
3268:Emirate
3236:Commune
3226:Circuit
3182:Current
2480:Country
2318:Capital
2281:Borough
2163:27 July
1850:3209151
1565:Kuensel
1536:Kuensel
1219:, over
1174:Myanmar
1169:Vietnam
735:Estonia
663:Chitral
637:of the
611:of the
605:British
574:Chetlat
397:to the
210:to the
161:de jure
4777:Theory
4735:Treaty
4623:Crisis
4220:Colony
4150:Empire
4128:Unions
3917:Syssel
3907:Socken
3875:Greece
3850:Sweden
3837:Korale
3832:Köping
3827:Komunë
3791:Tehsil
3707:Oblast
3655:Sweden
3577:Comune
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3557:Bashki
3547:Bakhsh
3420:Barony
3415:Agency
3392:Summer
3355:Sector
3350:Riding
3315:Parish
3288:Hamlet
3231:Colony
3221:Circle
3199:Banner
2838:Region
2420:County
2304:Canton
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1339:Satrap
1206:Europe
785:, the
781:, the
741:, and
739:Latvia
570:Kiltan
566:Kadmat
556:. The
554:Kerala
522:Sikkim
486:Sikkim
442:, the
383:jagirs
374:Bengal
329:vassal
300:Levant
290:, and
282:. The
249:France
208:kowtow
203:Cefeng
195:; and
177:Bhutan
169:Bhutan
130:vassal
114:vassal
98:polity
4760:Peace
4715:Power
4710:Peace
4467:BRICS
3912:Subah
3897:Rreth
3892:Plasă
3882:Pagus
3870:Egypt
3866:Nome
3786:Sýsla
3779:China
3759:Sitio
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3724:Ostān
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3367:Shire
3298:Royal
3293:Manor
3251:Duchy
3211:Block
2903:State
1854:S2CID
1846:JSTOR
1506:(PDF)
1448:S2CID
1345:Sadae
1198:Korea
1164:Korea
1159:Tibet
675:Nagar
671:Hunza
578:Bitra
562:Amini
548:is a
510:India
508:gave
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459:India
353:India
338:king.
260:Tibet
241:Korea
173:India
164:one.
120:, or
4506:Past
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3475:Seat
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3091:Zone
3065:Unit
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2343:City
2244:Area
2165:2012
2152:ISBN
2135:2011
2122:ISBN
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1477:ISBN
673:and
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425:and
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