997:
century (two engravings from that century show Tâmpa first with, then without them). Turnul Cuțitarilor (the Knife-Makers' Tower), located to the right of
Bastionul Țesătorilor (the Weavers' Bastion), offered an open view toward the valley (Șchei). No trace of it exists today. Turnul Cizmarilor (the Boot-Makers' Tower), located above Bastionul Postăvarilor (the Drapers' Bastion), dominated Blumăna and Curmătura (the area between Tâmpa and Dealul Melcilor – "the Hill of Snails"). Today, the tower's platform, as well as a good part of the base of the linking wall built on the mountain, still remain.
976:
surrounded by precipices on three sides and was well-defended on its fourth, it was one of the most difficult to capture in
Transylvania (indeed in all of Europe), and was in fact never occupied by force, only being handed over through treaties. Provisions were brought to it by people from a narrow valley called Cutun, to which it was linked by Drumul Cavalerilor (the Knights' Road). Around 1910, Costantin Lacea wrote that "even today the Romanian populace, especially the Costeni (inhabitants of Coastei and Costiței Streets), led by Junii Curcani ("the Young Turkeys"), go out the day after
1365:
favourable location, offers excellent views of the city from its dining hall. The Aro-Palace society is the owner. The cable car terminus is also located beneath the tower. Before 1989, when tourists exited the cable car, they were met by an enormous stuffed brown bear, standing menacingly on two feet. At the same time as this complex was built, a short distance away, a flagpole was also erected. In 2004, the Brașov County
Council provided it with festive lighting, installing a powerful laser floodlight that lights up the sky a good part of every evening.
29:
1522:
1510:
256:
654:
646:
1546:
1534:
264:
1771:
1247:
989:
280:
1444:
1101:
1348:
963:
793:
1255:
272:
1311:
1023:
1014:)". The cross belonged to the Romanians from Șchei, who would raise crosses all through the valley, with or without the citadel authorities' approval, sometimes even at a very short distance from the city walls. One chronicle states that the Tâmpa cross was built on August 2, 1696, attributing it to the carpenters of Emperor Hussein.
1478:), the authorities started planting fir trees, so that the word "STALIN" would be clearly visible from the city. Over the years, vegetation has blurred the word made out by the trees. Yet, to this day (especially in the winter), one may still distinguish the marking "ALIN" when coming on the road from the Burzenland.
1283:) in 1891, in honour of a Hungarian minister who had visited the city during that year. Supplied every day by the tenant, who led his donkey up 25 serpentine windings, it became a regular spot for city residents who were attracted by the panoramic scenery of Brașov at nighttime; in 1905, it was equipped with a
1558:
1412:, with over 10,000 apartments built, the plans for the tunnel were resurrected. One such plan, drafted in 1979, envisioned an east–west tunnel, with a length of 842 m, width of 9.8 m, and height of 7.65 m. The construction would have involved excavating 100,000 m³ of rock, at a cost (in 1984) of 163 million
1038:
robbed or desecrated the house of worship. On June 10, 1737, the day after
Pentecost, at three in the afternoon, "lightning struck the chapel, in front of the altar, hitting a Papist German tailor and his wife, who had taken shelter there... Their dog was also struck". In time, only ruins were left
1430:
What is known for sure is that there are three or four tunnels under Tâmpa, only one of which is usable at present. This tunnel connects Casa
Sfatului with one of the towers of the old citadel (Turnul Cuțitarilor or Bastionul Postăvarilor). Due to the danger of cave-ins the tunnels pose, they are
1355:
Casa Pădurarului ("the
Forester House") is a rustic restaurant located at the base of Tâmpa, about halfway along the pedestrian road there. Built at the beginning of the 20th century, it served as a place of rest for the residents of Brașov who would walk along the promenade below Tâmpa. Near this
996:
In the 15th century, two watchtowers were built at the base of Tâmpa, linked to the citadel through a series of walls, which, taken together, extended from the towers to the peak of the mountain. Probably left to decay after the introduction of firearms, the two towers were demolished in the 18th
1451:
At the foot of Tâmpa, along the southeast side of the old fortress walls, there is a tree-lined path—a favorite strolling spot for the inhabitants. Among the wooden benches lining the path, there lies a small bench carved from a rock. It is said that the rock fell from the mountain, burying two
1334:
pipes over a great distance, from springs on the other side of Tâmpa. Pipe deterioration eventually forced Brașov authorities to provide the aqueduct with water from the city area (popular myth still has it that water running through the aqueduct is spring water, and, occasionally, people still
1364:
In 1968–1969, a television tower as well as a restaurant and a cable car were built on Tâmpa's crest. Today, the tower receives a signal from Postăvaru and transmits it to the city below (initially with 10 kW, but today with just 2 kW), while the
Panoramic restaurant, situated in a
975:
The fortress was made of stone, with a small polygonal tower on the west side, on Tâmpa's peak. Along the walls were found small towers for defence. Within the southern walls, traces of small rooms have been discovered. There was also a deep well and a chapel inside. As the fortification was
237:
makes the journey between the cabin/restaurant Casa Pădurarului at the base of the mountain to the
Restaurantul Panoramic, on its crest, in under three minutes. The view from the summit is spectacular, offering a panoramic view of the city; on a clear day, the entire
1149:
924:
828:), meaning "strait, mountain valley" and "mountain, rocky mountain". He was unclear as to whether the word entered Romanian directly or through Latin. Constantin Diculescu accepted the theory without important changes, pointing out that τὑμφα means "hillock" in
955:. That year, the citadel was given as surety to the sultan, as the Turks dominated the city from on high. Thus, the fortification became dangerous for Brașov's inhabitants and for the entire area. After succeeding in taking it back with the help of
232:
Windgrass) that are found there. A number of routes to the summit exist: there are 25 winding paths cut in 1837 by Brașov's forest administration; Gabony's stairs; the
Knights' road, dating to the days of the Brașovia citadel; and an auto road. A
1005:
On the map prepared by
Giovanni Morando Visconti in 1699, one can see a cross above Brașov, on the peak of Tâmpa. The Saxon author Thomas Tartler confirms this; he wrote, "there was a cross as big as a crucifix, as the
906:
Through the years, Tâmpa has been relatively safe from natural disasters like mudslides or earthquakes. The most severe damage has been caused by fires, particularly those of 1689, 1731, 1860, 1880 and 1946.
877:, which tend to be sharp mountains, favors Drăganu, as does the striking phonetic and semantic resemblance between the Romanian term and those in other languages. He notes, too, the existence of a noun,
143:
1356:
restaurant, rebuilt in the 2000s after being damaged by a fire, the cable car starts its course, taking passengers in less than three minutes to the Panoramic restaurant, located atop the mountain.
1043:
in German). Often, the Romanians of Șchei were blamed for the chapel's destruction: one writer said that they broke its door, hurled it into the valley, and stole several objects from within.
885:, it can mean "a hill or mountain abruptly rising to a great distance above flat land". However, he notes the difficulty of making assumptions about the obscure languages spoken prior to the
915:
The oldest human traces on Tâmpa date to the time of the Dacians. On Tâmpa, archeologists have discovered a bone pit from that period, indicating that a pagan cult was practiced there.
1427:
A long-held belief is that there is a big lake inside the mountain. Drilling the tunnel may lead to flooding the city. Yet no concrete evidence of such a lake has ever been found.
1291:("The Tâmpa Cabin-Restaurant") in 1948. On March 23, 1977, the entire building burned down following an accident. The terrace and stone beer recipients are still in place.
1400:
At the beginning on the 1940s, there was a proposal to dig a tunnel under Mount Tâmpa, to connect the Old City with Valea Cetății neighborhood. After Romania entered
980:
up to the Citadel on Tâmpa, near the Cross of Cutun, and celebrate there. The old people tell how when they were young they used to play up in the Citadel on Tâmpa".
1030:
Around 1714 (according to other sources 1696 or 1718), the Brașov senator Johann Draudt, having converted to Catholicism, raised a chapel on Tâmpa, dedicated to
1725:
1323:
1272:
1335:
supply themselves directly from that location). Shards of ceramic pipes and a memorial plaque for engineer P. Bartusch are still visible on the way to
1900:
1409:
1210:
and Timofei Kirilov, who were fighting against Hungarian rule in Transylvania. In December of the same year, the monument was heavily damaged by a
2044:
1452:
lovers that were embracing on that place. A document from 1817 mentions the story, giving the name of the woman killed by the rock as Ana Maria.
889:. He also points out that mountains are often named after particular characteristics, a fact that generally points to an origin in the adjective
1915:
2034:
1136:. The building was badly damaged by a 1916 fire, and for a long time remained derelict. Ultimately, the Dr. Nicolae Rucăreanu High School of
1802:
1672:
959:, the inhabitants decided to demolish it. Its stones were used to fortify the fortifications in the valley, at that time just being built.
943:(1212–1218), or if not, was certainly fortified during their rule. In 1241, several Brașov families were able to find shelter there from
1890:
1460:
On August 19, 1946, there was a big fire on Tâmpa, that burned out parts of the forest covering the mountain. In the early 1950s, after
939:, 'seven fortresses'. The building, located between the peak and the crest of Tâmpa, is presumed to have been raised in the time of the
68:
1842:
1807:
1718:
1865:
2039:
951:
placed his family in the citadel. In 1421, the people of Brașov took refuge in the citadel, threatened as they were by Sultan
1214:: the "Árpád statue" fell from atop the column and shattered into pieces. In 1916, the remaining parts were detonated by the
1787:
2024:
1822:
1711:
1940:
1925:
1432:
1905:
1474:
1140:
was raised on the location — the plot remains disputed between the Evangelical Church and the city of Brașov.
931:
The Brassovia (Romanian: Brașovia) fortress was one of the seven fortified cities that provided the German name for
1206:
On September 1913, the monument was damaged by a bomb placed at its base, an attack carried out by two terrorists,
1521:
1742:
1227:
1920:
1895:
1509:
1171:
1533:
2029:
1817:
1246:
1231:
1187:— popularly identified with Árpád himself — was erected on Tâmpa, causing controversy inside the
1062:
61:
1930:
1557:
1935:
1734:
820:
have very similar words meaning "boulder", "hillock" or "rocky incline". He then proposed a pre-Roman,
1435:, one of the tunnels was blocked by debris, burying alive those people who had taken refuge in there.
1832:
1792:
1998:
1993:
881:, meaning "a very extensive mountainside, rocky and with a very abrupt descent"; also appearing as
1663:
1116:"), soon a favorite with the city's male population. Aside from fire practice, the location had a
1910:
1401:
1319:
1200:
886:
873:
was hesitant to embrace one hypothesis: he noted that the physical nature of the places called
51:
1081:("Russia and Austria united 1849"). Heavily damaged by either natural causes or, according to
1755:
1234:
authorities in 1966, and the head is preserved by the Parish House of the Reformed Church in
948:
605:
479:
183:
126:
1880:
1860:
856:
179:
130:
1545:
1207:
175:
8:
1885:
1870:
1837:
1812:
1770:
190:. Its elevation is 960 m (955 m according to some sources), almost 400 m above the city.
1698:
1690:
1491:
804:, a name shared by several mountains, has been much discussed among Romanian linguists.
2003:
1284:
1176:
1071:
491:
159:
1827:
1681:
805:
1875:
1405:
1031:
821:
809:
407:
1797:
855:, a word of Old Bulgarian origin signifying "worn down, leveled". Somewhat earlier,
817:
813:
627:
443:
1973:
1417:
1295:
255:
28:
1760:
1390:
1086:
1056:
1052:
836:
537:
395:
198:
147:
1978:
1082:
867:). Drăganu published a new article defending his thesis, bringing in new facts.
1950:
1298:
Council erected a marble cross on the perimeter. The lit sign bearing the name
1241:
1125:
1113:
1077:
940:
848:
419:
383:
322:
310:
205:
167:
119:
1085:, human intervention ("adverse hands"), the pyramid was ultimately removed by
653:
645:
2018:
1968:
1779:
1703:
1467:
1215:
1196:
704:
525:
431:
346:
83:
70:
1983:
1958:
1750:
1586:
1413:
1263:
1223:
1211:
1137:
956:
932:
870:
752:
728:
716:
692:
467:
371:
334:
229:
1593:, p. 133-34. Bucharest: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, 1963
1988:
1852:
1394:
1219:
1133:
829:
234:
1039:
of the chapel. For a long time afterward, Tâmpa was called Chapel Hill (
1963:
1165:
1121:
672:
583:
559:
239:
1192:
1191:. Stone used for the monument had been transported up the slope by a
1188:
1129:
977:
740:
263:
217:
194:
1461:
1287:
reaching over the steep slope. The restaurant's name was changed to
1235:
187:
108:
1161:
1035:
988:
952:
779:
617:
571:
298:
225:
279:
1387:
1331:
1184:
1157:
1117:
1067:
221:
112:
1443:
1420:
Council, put the cost of building the tunnel ar near 11 million
1322:
was erected on the Tâmpa ridge, under the direction of engineer
1643:— Silviu Pop, Ștefan Princz, Ed. Pentru Turism, Bucharest, 1974
1487:
1379:
1279:
1180:
1100:
1007:
455:
359:
41:
1347:
944:
1310:
1242:
Béthlen Restaurant (1890-1977); marble cross and Brașov sign
1092:
962:
923:
851:
declared that the toponym simply derived from the adjective
792:
1421:
1254:
773:
271:
213:
209:
1262:
Around 1890, the mountain became home to a restaurant and
1175:), seven commemorative statues were raised throughout the
1148:
1022:
513:
1408:, when massive construction projects were undertaken in
947:
raids. In 1397, before the war against the Turks began,
1431:
all shut with metal grates. It is said that during the
197:
formations, having risen up gradually from the Earth's
992:
Ruins of Turnul Cizmarilor, with a portion of the wall
983:
1156:
In 1896, upon celebrating the 1000th anniversary of
918:
839:raised phonetic objections as to the link between
204:Most of the mountain (1.5 km) is a declared
2016:
1000:
186:) and almost entirely surrounded by the city of
1637:— Sextil Pușcariu, Ed. Dacia, Cluj-Napoca, 1977
1330:in downtown Brașov). Water was carried through
1238:. Tâmpa still houses the base of the monument.
1046:
1733:
1070:-shaped monument, raised on the initiative of
1719:
1664:"Tâmpa Mountain and Tiberiu Brediceanu Alley"
1143:
224:butterfly species) and plant species (a rare
1104:Schützenhaus - beginning of the 20th century
1034:. After it was built, in stages, thieves or
1017:
859:had expressed the same opinion ("In reality
1382:connecting Casa Sfatului with a cave under
1373:
1726:
1712:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1074:von Hassfort and bearing the inscription
245:
1026:The chapel (top left) in a 1750 engraving
1010:have called Tâmpa the Hill of the Cross (
835:However, Drăganu's theory was contested.
16:Mountain range located in Brasov, Romania
1617:
1615:
1613:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1442:
1416:. Another estimate, done in 2003 by the
1404:, the project was abandoned. During the
1397:, with both ends of the tunnel blocked.
1346:
1309:
1253:
1245:
1195:, and the completed monument featured a
1147:
1099:
1021:
987:
961:
927:20th century drawing of Brașovia Citadel
922:
791:
652:
644:
278:
270:
262:
254:
1596:
1563:Brașov as seen from the summit of Tâmpa
984:The two watchtowers (15th-18th c.)
2017:
1539:Tâmpa bathed in light during summer...
1230:). The statue's debris was removed by
178:, located in the southern part of the
1707:
1610:
1575:
1481:
1258:Béthlen Restaurant, after enlargement
910:
182:(alternatively categorized as in the
2045:Tourist attractions in Brașov County
2035:Mountains of the Eastern Carpathians
901:
1673:"Muntele Tâmpa și Simbolurile Sale"
1342:
13:
1438:
1433:bombing of Romania in World War II
1001:Wooden summit cross (17th c.)
808:started from the observation that
208:, due to the rare animal species (
193:The mountain is mostly made up of
14:
2056:
1657:
1475:List of places named after Stalin
1183:topped by the statue of a Magyar
1179:. On this occasion, a monumental
1124:; it was decorated with numerous
1047:Russian monument (1849-1869)
919:Brassovia fortress (13th-15th c.)
1769:
1556:
1544:
1532:
1520:
1508:
1501:
1455:
1378:A story has it that there was a
1250:Béthlen Restaurant, initial look
27:
1916:Lunca Joasă a Prutului Inferior
1906:Hațeg Country Dinosaurs Geopark
1901:Grădiștea Muncelului-Cioclovina
1628:
1199:; overall, it cost 22,585
1055:intervention in support of the
1318:Also in 1891–1892, the Brașov
1266:, owned by the patrons of the
1172:Pannonian basin before Hungary
1089:authorities on April 7, 1869.
970:
1:
1339:(going around the mountain).
1108:After 1865, Tâmpa housed the
174:) is a mountain, part of the
1152:Árpád's statue, 19th century
1096:(1865-1916); forestry school
1063:Hungarian Revolution of 1848
787:
7:
1891:Defileul Mureșului Superior
1675:, by Bogdan Florin Popovici
1527:Tampa by night - panorama 2
1305:
10:
2061:
2040:Geography of Brașov County
2025:Protected areas of Romania
1735:Protected areas of Romania
1647:Zalmoxis - Tempus - Corona
1447:The stone bench from Tâmpa
1368:
1144:Árpád monument (1896-1916)
1066:), Tâmpa became home to a
896:
863:is probably the adjective
800:The etymology of the word
796:Big Tâmpa and Little Tâmpa
640:
46:960 m (3,150 ft)
1949:
1931:Mehedinți Plateau Geopark
1851:
1833:Piatra Craiului Mountains
1778:
1767:
1741:
1666:, at brasovtravelguide.ro
1653:, nr. 38-1587-/24.IX.1982
1515:Tampa by night - panorama
1359:
1326:(best remembered for his
1289:Cabana-restaurant "Tâmpa"
1018:Catholic chapel (c. 1700)
250:
118:
104:
99:
60:
50:
40:
35:
26:
21:
1999:Repedea Hill Fossil Site
1843:Semenic-Cheile Carașului
1568:
1374:The tunnels and the lake
1164:under the leadership of
595:Transylvanian windgrass
589:Fritillaria meleagroides
1803:Cheile Bicazului-Hășmaș
1076:Rusia et Austria unitæ
887:Roman conquest of Dacia
304:Hepatica transsilvanica
246:Tâmpa's flora and fauna
1641:Brașov • ghid turistic
1448:
1352:
1315:
1302:was restored in 2006.
1259:
1251:
1153:
1105:
1027:
993:
967:
928:
797:
658:
650:
284:
276:
268:
260:
171:
163:
151:
1823:Domogled-Valea Cernei
1808:Cheile Nerei-Beușnița
1649:, Florin Olteanu, in
1496:Diavolii de sub Tâmpa
1446:
1350:
1313:
1257:
1249:
1151:
1103:
1025:
991:
966:Ruins of the fortress
965:
949:Mircea I of Wallachia
926:
795:
656:
648:
611:Hyacinthus orientalis
485:Cypripedium calceolus
282:
274:
266:
258:
184:Curvature Carpathians
127:Curvature Carpathians
2030:Mountains of Romania
1866:Balta Mică a Brăilei
1635:Brașovul de altădată
1591:Toponimia romînească
1498:(The Tâmpa Devils).
857:Alexandru Philippide
816:dialects as well as
1994:Ostrovul Ciocănești
1926:Maramureș Mountains
1160:tribes settling in
1051:In 1849, after the
492:Large-leaved linden
352:Primula officinalis
180:Eastern Carpathians
131:Eastern Carpathians
80: /
1743:Biosphere reserves
1684:, by Vasile Oltean
1682:"Troițe dispărute"
1651:Karpaten Rundschau
1482:In popular culture
1449:
1393:were held during
1353:
1316:
1260:
1252:
1232:Communist Romanian
1189:Romanian community
1177:Kingdom of Hungary
1154:
1106:
1072:Lieutenant General
1028:
994:
968:
929:
911:Dacian cultic site
798:
659:
651:
503:Limestone's crown
497:Tilia platyphyllos
377:Fraxinus excelsior
299:Braveheart's cross
285:
277:
269:
261:
36:Highest point
2012:
2011:
1896:Dumbrava Sibiului
1788:Buila-Vânturarița
1324:Christian Kertsch
1228:Romanian Campaign
1057:Austrian Monarchy
902:Natural disasters
785:
784:
734:Aquila chrysaetos
638:
637:
577:Plantago argentea
449:Consolida regalis
408:European hornbeam
176:Postăvarul Massif
136:
135:
84:45.633°N 25.583°E
2052:
1773:
1728:
1721:
1714:
1705:
1704:
1697:
1689:
1680:
1671:
1622:
1619:
1608:
1605:
1594:
1584:
1560:
1548:
1536:
1524:
1512:
1406:Communist period
1391:prisoners of war
1351:Casa Pădurarului
1343:Casa Pădurarului
1126:hunting trophies
1087:Austro-Hungarian
1053:Imperial Russian
843:and the Catalan
758:Sciurus vulgaris
661:
660:
633:Anemone nemorosa
599:Bromus marcensis
565:Pinus sylvestris
461:Prunus fruticosa
444:Forking larkspur
413:Carpinus betulus
340:Corylus avellana
316:Cornus sanguinea
287:
286:
146:
122:
95:
94:
92:
91:
90:
85:
81:
78:
77:
76:
73:
31:
19:
18:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2008:
1951:Nature reserves
1945:
1921:Lunca Mureșului
1847:
1828:Măcin Mountains
1818:Defileul Jiului
1774:
1765:
1737:
1732:
1695:
1687:
1678:
1669:
1660:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1611:
1606:
1597:
1585:
1576:
1571:
1564:
1561:
1552:
1549:
1540:
1537:
1528:
1525:
1516:
1513:
1504:
1484:
1458:
1441:
1439:The stone bench
1376:
1371:
1362:
1345:
1314:Brașov Aqueduct
1308:
1244:
1146:
1098:
1049:
1020:
1003:
986:
973:
921:
913:
904:
899:
837:Ovid Densusianu
806:Nicolae Drăganu
790:
643:
572:Silver plantain
553:Sesleria rigida
538:Pedunculate oak
507:Spiraea crenata
396:European cornel
389:Fagus sylvatica
253:
248:
142:
120:
88:
86:
82:
79:
74:
71:
69:
67:
66:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2058:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1941:Vânători-Neamț
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1857:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1784:
1782:
1780:National parks
1776:
1775:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1747:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1731:
1730:
1723:
1716:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1696:(in Hungarian)
1693:
1688:(in Hungarian)
1685:
1676:
1667:
1659:
1658:External links
1656:
1655:
1654:
1644:
1638:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1609:
1595:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1507:
1503:
1500:
1483:
1480:
1457:
1454:
1440:
1437:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1361:
1358:
1344:
1341:
1307:
1304:
1243:
1240:
1145:
1142:
1114:Shooting range
1097:
1091:
1048:
1045:
1019:
1016:
1002:
999:
985:
982:
972:
969:
941:German Knights
920:
917:
912:
909:
903:
900:
898:
895:
849:Gustav Weigand
789:
786:
783:
782:
777:
769:
768:
765:
761:
760:
755:
749:
748:
743:
737:
736:
731:
725:
724:
719:
717:European viper
713:
712:
707:
701:
700:
695:
689:
688:
687:Papilionoidea
685:
681:
680:
675:
669:
668:
665:
642:
639:
636:
635:
630:
624:
623:
620:
614:
613:
608:
602:
601:
596:
592:
591:
586:
580:
579:
574:
568:
567:
562:
556:
555:
550:
549:Rabbit's tail
546:
545:
540:
534:
533:
528:
522:
521:
516:
510:
509:
504:
500:
499:
494:
488:
487:
482:
480:Lady's slipper
476:
475:
473:Iris germanica
470:
464:
463:
458:
452:
451:
446:
440:
439:
434:
428:
427:
422:
420:European larch
416:
415:
410:
404:
403:
398:
392:
391:
386:
384:European beech
380:
379:
374:
368:
367:
365:Amigdalus nana
362:
355:
354:
349:
343:
342:
337:
331:
330:
328:Sambucus nigra
325:
319:
318:
313:
311:Common dogwood
307:
306:
301:
295:
294:
291:
259:Lady's slipper
252:
249:
247:
244:
220:—35% of
206:nature reserve
134:
133:
124:
116:
115:
106:
102:
101:
97:
96:
89:45.633; 25.583
64:
58:
57:
54:
48:
47:
44:
38:
37:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2057:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1974:Izvorul Bigăr
1972:
1970:
1969:Cheile Turzii
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1936:Putna-Vrancea
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1729:
1724:
1722:
1717:
1715:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1700:
1699:Maps of Tâmpa
1694:
1692:
1686:
1683:
1679:(in Romanian)
1677:
1674:
1670:(in Romanian)
1668:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1574:
1559:
1554:
1547:
1542:
1535:
1530:
1523:
1518:
1511:
1506:
1505:
1502:Image gallery
1499:
1497:
1494:is nicknamed
1493:
1489:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1463:
1456:Orașul Stalin
1453:
1445:
1436:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1418:Brașov County
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1366:
1357:
1349:
1340:
1338:
1337:Râpa Dracului
1333:
1329:
1328:Kertsch House
1325:
1321:
1312:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1296:Brașov County
1294:In 2001, the
1292:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1256:
1248:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1222:advance into
1221:
1217:
1216:Romanian Army
1213:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1197:lightning rod
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1150:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1102:
1095:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1054:
1044:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1032:Saint Leonard
1024:
1015:
1013:
1009:
998:
990:
981:
979:
964:
960:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
925:
916:
908:
894:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
833:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
812:and southern
811:
807:
803:
794:
781:
778:
775:
771:
770:
766:
763:
762:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
747:
744:
742:
739:
738:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
711:
708:
706:
705:Eurasian lynx
703:
702:
699:
696:
694:
691:
690:
686:
683:
682:
679:
676:
674:
671:
670:
666:
663:
662:
655:
647:
634:
631:
629:
626:
625:
621:
619:
616:
615:
612:
609:
607:
606:Wild hyacinth
604:
603:
600:
597:
594:
593:
590:
587:
585:
584:Spotted tulip
582:
581:
578:
575:
573:
570:
569:
566:
563:
561:
558:
557:
554:
551:
548:
547:
544:
543:Quercus robur
541:
539:
536:
535:
532:
529:
527:
526:Norway spruce
524:
523:
520:
519:Ulmus montana
517:
515:
512:
511:
508:
505:
502:
501:
498:
495:
493:
490:
489:
486:
483:
481:
478:
477:
474:
471:
469:
466:
465:
462:
459:
457:
456:Ground cherry
454:
453:
450:
447:
445:
442:
441:
438:
437:Stipa pennata
435:
433:
432:Feather grass
430:
429:
426:
425:Larix decidua
423:
421:
418:
417:
414:
411:
409:
406:
405:
402:
399:
397:
394:
393:
390:
387:
385:
382:
381:
378:
375:
373:
370:
369:
366:
363:
361:
357:
356:
353:
350:
348:
345:
344:
341:
338:
336:
333:
332:
329:
326:
324:
321:
320:
317:
314:
312:
309:
308:
305:
302:
300:
297:
296:
292:
289:
288:
281:
273:
265:
257:
243:
241:
236:
231:
230:Transylvanian
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
202:
200:
196:
191:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
140:
132:
128:
125:
123:
117:
114:
110:
107:
103:
98:
93:
65:
63:
59:
55:
53:
49:
45:
43:
39:
34:
30:
25:
20:
1984:Letea Forest
1979:Lapiș Forest
1959:Bicaz Canyon
1853:Nature parks
1751:Danube Delta
1650:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1629:Bibliography
1590:
1587:Iorgu Iordan
1551:...winter...
1495:
1485:
1472:
1465:
1464:was renamed
1459:
1450:
1429:
1426:
1402:World War II
1399:
1383:
1377:
1363:
1354:
1336:
1327:
1317:
1299:
1293:
1288:
1277:
1271:
1268:Schützenhaus
1267:
1264:public house
1261:
1224:Transylvania
1212:thunderstorm
1208:Ilie Cătărău
1205:
1169:
1155:
1138:Silviculture
1110:Schützenhaus
1109:
1107:
1094:Schützenhaus
1093:
1083:George Bariț
1075:
1060:
1050:
1041:Kapellenberg
1040:
1029:
1011:
1004:
995:
974:
957:John Hunyadi
937:Siebenbürgen
936:
933:Transylvania
930:
914:
905:
890:
882:
878:
874:
871:Iorgu Iordan
869:
864:
860:
852:
844:
840:
834:
825:
801:
799:
764:Other birds
757:
753:Red squirrel
745:
733:
729:Golden eagle
722:Vipera berus
721:
709:
698:Corvus corax
697:
693:Common raven
684:Butterflies
678:Ursus arctos
677:
664:Common name
632:
628:Wood anemone
610:
598:
588:
576:
564:
552:
542:
530:
518:
514:Mountain elm
506:
496:
484:
472:
460:
448:
436:
424:
412:
400:
388:
376:
372:European ash
364:
351:
339:
335:Common hazel
327:
323:Common elder
315:
303:
290:Common name
275:Common raven
242:is visible.
203:
192:
156:Kapellenberg
155:
138:
137:
121:Parent range
2004:Mount Tâmpa
1989:Mount Stogu
1691:About Tâmpa
1395:World War I
1386:, in which
1384:Șaua Tâmpei
1220:World War I
1218:during its
1134:plate armor
1132:dressed in
1120:lane and a
971:Description
830:Doric Greek
746:Canis lupus
667:Latin name
531:Picea abies
293:Latin name
218:butterflies
87: /
62:Coordinates
2019:Categories
1964:Cehei Pond
1911:Iron Gates
1270:and named
1203:to build.
1130:mannequins
1122:restaurant
1012:Kreutzberg
673:Brown bear
649:Brown bear
560:Scots pine
401:Cornus mas
240:Burzenland
172:Mons Cinum
52:Prominence
1607:Popovici.
1492:FC Brașov
1193:funicular
1036:Lutherans
978:Pentecost
824:origin (*
788:Etymology
741:Gray wolf
710:Lynx lynx
657:Gray wolf
622:Aconitum
618:Wolfsbane
235:cable car
228:variety,
226:Liverleaf
195:limestone
160:Hungarian
144:‹See Tfd›
100:Geography
42:Elevation
1793:Călimani
1320:Aqueduct
1306:Aqueduct
1278:Béthlen
1162:Pannonia
953:Murad II
822:Thracian
810:Albanian
780:Apocrita
776:species
772:17 rare
222:Romanian
105:Location
1881:Cindrel
1861:Apuseni
1798:Ceahlău
1756:Retezat
1621:Oltean.
1466:Orașul
1410:Răcădău
1369:Stories
1332:ceramic
1285:terrace
1273:Béthlen
1201:florins
1118:bowling
1078:MDXXXIL
1068:pyramid
1008:Papists
897:History
818:Catalan
814:Italian
641:Animals
347:Cowslip
113:Romania
75:25°35′E
72:45°38′N
1886:Comana
1871:Bucegi
1488:soccer
1468:Stalin
1462:Brașov
1388:German
1380:tunnel
1360:Recent
1300:Brașov
1280:Grotto
1236:Brașov
1185:archer
1181:column
1158:Magyar
1112:(the "
845:timpes
360:almond
358:Dwarf
267:Acorns
251:Plants
188:Brașov
148:German
109:Brașov
56:~350 m
1838:Rodna
1813:Cozia
1761:Rodna
1569:Notes
1490:team
1422:euros
1226:(see
1166:Árpád
945:Tatar
879:tâmpă
875:Tâmpa
861:Tâmpa
841:Tâmpa
826:timpa
802:Tâmpa
767:Aves
214:birds
210:bears
199:crust
168:Latin
154:, or
152:Zinne
139:Tâmpa
22:Tâmpa
1876:Cefa
1486:The
1473:see
1276:(or
1170:see
1128:and
1061:see
891:tâmp
883:tâmp
865:tâmp
853:tâmp
774:wasp
468:Iris
283:Lynx
164:Cenk
1414:lei
2021::
1612:^
1598:^
1589:,
1577:^
1424:.
935::
893:.
847:.
832:.
216:,
212:,
201:.
170::
166:;
162::
158:;
150::
129:,
111:,
1727:e
1720:t
1713:v
1471:(
1168:(
1059:(
141:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
