683:
684:
http://books.google.com/books?id=gCRXAAAAMAAJ&q=stèle+funéraire+découverte+dans+le+cimetière+de+la+Jalan+Residency,+aujourd'hui+dans+une+réserve+du+Brunei+Museum,+Les+titres+arabes+de+sultan+et+sanskrit+de+Maharaja+s'y+trouvent+inscrits,+comparaison+avec+une+série+de+stèles+très+semblables+découvertes+à+Quanzhou,+Cette+stèle+aurait+été+préparée+par+un+lapicide+de+Quanzhou+et+expédiée+à+Brunei+avant+la+rébellion+des+Ispah.&dq=stèle+funéraire+découverte+dans+le+cimetière+de+la+Jalan+Residency,+aujourd'hui+dans+une+réserve+du+Brunei+Museum,+Les+titres+arabes+de+sultan+et+sanskrit+de+Maharaja+s'y+trouvent+inscrits,+comparaison+avec+une+série+de+stèles+très+semblables+découvertes+à+Quanzhou,+Cette+stèle+aurait+été+préparée+par+un+lapicide+de+Quanzhou+et+expédiée+à+Brunei+avant+la+rébellion+des+Ispah.&hl=en&sa=X&ei=yTJlU7HPNo3QsQTt74CABQ&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAA
31:
202:
181:
91:
64:
212:
153:
22:
650:
325:'Barunah!' exclaimed early settlers who reached the Brunei River. The classical Malay expression meant excellence of the site for settlement, security, access and richness of the surrounding. In short, "Oh, Yeah!". It is said the exclamation became the name of the new city-state. Barunah later changed to Barunai.
486:
Sultan Abdul Momin (1852-1885) had no heir. He was well known for his fairness, wisdom, and was endowed with supernatural powers. In 1877 he signed a treaty concerning the leasing of Brunei's territory in Sabah. In 1884, he ordered
Pengiran Temenggong Pengiran Anak Hashim to attack Limbang to restore
338:
Old Brunei was a nation of Malay Hindu-Buddhists, according to a
Chinese account of Puli, believed to be an early Chinese reference to Brute Old Brunei was said to have Similar Malay-Hindu Buddhist traditions and customs as Funan or Kumlun, Chinese names for the first Malay state in Indochina during
479:
The reign of Sultan Omar Ali
Saiffuddien 11(1828-1852) marked the beginning of direct European involvement in Brunei. Between 1842 and the end of the century saw the Brookes' involvement in Sarawak and the British Chartered North Borneo company in Sabah, which further eroded Brunei territory to its
455:
In the latter half of the 17th century between the reign of Sultan Abdul Hakkul Mubin (the 13th Sultan) and Sultan
Muhyiddin (the 14th Sultan) there was civil war in Brunei which, among other factors, caused the break up of Brunei territories in many parts of Borneo and the Philippines. In the 18th
408:
A Ming princess (known in Brunei as Puteri
Kinabatangan) married Sultan Ahmad, the second sultan. Sultan Berkat (Blessed) (1425-1432) or Sultan Sharif Ali was an Arab and a descendant of Prophet Muhammad. Married to the daughter of the second Sultan of Brunei, he was the first to build a mosque and
420:
The reign of Sultan
Bolkiah (1485-1584) was the height of the Brunei Sultanate in territory, influence and power. Brunei'5 sovereignty then extended to encompass other kingdoms in Borneo and the Philippines (then dominated by the Kingdom of Manila and the Sultanates of Sulu and Maguindanao). There
529:
The year 1959 saw the promulgation of a written constitution, which gave Brunei internal self-government and changed the post of
British resident, started in 1906, to High Commissioner, who continued to advise the Sultan on matters other than those affecting the Islamic religion and Malay Custom.
342:
The early king of Brunei was called Sang Aji, or
Reverend Monarch, a title of Sanskrit origin. The Brunei ruling dynasty changed during the early 1360s when Awang Alak Betatar, a prince from a powerful kingdom in western Borneo, ascended the Brunei throne. He became the first Brunei ruler and the
432:
Sultan Saiful Rijal, who propagated
Islamic teachings throughout Borneo as well as the Philippines, succeeded Sultan Abdul Kahar, whose death was recorded by the Spaniards in 1578. Brunei became well known as the Islamic Development Centre. He was mentioned by name in Spanish accounts and is the
475:
Sultan
Muhammad Kanzul Alam (1826-1828) acted for Sultan Muhammad Tajuddin and looked after the Bruneian government for the latter's son, Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien II. Sultan Muhammad Kanzul Alam (1826-1828) was well known for his strength and power and was also called Raja Api (King of Fire).
400:
Before Sultan Ahmad (1408-1425) was installed as sultan, he was Pateh Berbai (Pengiran Bendahara Seri Maharaja, and the eldest of the 14 brothers). In the Brunei chronicles version of where Sultan Ahmad was Pateh Berbai, he married the younger sister of Ong Sum Ping and was the father-in-law of
651:
http://books.google.com/books?id=nZaaAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA186&lpg=PA186&dq=brunei+arab+pu+islam&source=bl&ots=-WCeg20-5M&sig=yd-Jfb9-i-KK3iPjiOY45A0TX8k&hl=en&sa=X&ei=6GVlUpOKLtPE4AO-l4GYBw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=brunei%20arab%20pu%20islam&f=false
500:
The Custom Department and Land Department were set up with the introduction of the British department system beginning in 1906. The Land Department handled land issues and Kuripan territorial rights and instituted the British system of land grants under the administration of the land office.
521:
Sultan Haji Omar Ah Saifuddien III ascended the throne in 1950. He used Brunei's oil revenues to finance for the first time a five-year development plan (1953-1958) which gave Brunei an intensive infrastructure and transformed it from a dull and quiet back- water into a thriving state.
675:
360:
In 977, for example, the Brunei Raja (then a Hindu-Buddhist) sent three Muslim traders as Brunei's envoys to the Sung court of China, mainly to represent Brunei in Brunei-China trade. It is believed that there was a community of influential Muslims in Brunei during this period.
496:
The signing of the 1905/1906 Treaty brought in the British Residential System. A British Resident was placed in Brunei to advise the Sultan on state matters, excluding Malay tradition and religion. The treaty brought changes to the sultanate's traditional Malay ruling systems.
533:
In 1959, the Brunei Shell Petroleum Company started its first offshore drilling. In 1962, a rebellion was defeated. In 1967, Brunei had its own currency. During his 17-year reign, he did so much to develop the country and was regarded as "the architect of modern Brunei."
790:
This depiction of Brunei history rests mostly on unsubstantiated claims, references of dubious nature, quotations from legends and myths, but no genuine historical research. It appeare that it serves to create a long national history that otherwise cannot be documented.
378:
His voyages took him to Java, Malacca and the Philippines, where he seized Seludong (Manila). His rule extended over the Sultanates of Sambas, Pontianak, Banjarmasin, Pasi Kotei, Balongan, the Sulu Archipelago, and Islands of Balabac, Banggi, Balambangan and Palawan.
396:
Sultan Ahmad (1408-1425) ascended the throne in 1402. While not mentioned in any of the Salasilah Raja Raja Brunei (Laws and Regulations of Bruneian Kings), he was recorded in Chinese history. In 1406, he sent an envoy to China where he was known as Ma-na-je-ka-na.
353:
During the early spread of Islam in Brunei, many Arab Muslim missionaries married into Brunei royal family. The most notable was Sharif Ah from Taif, Arabia, who married a daughter of the second sultan, and later ascended the throne as the third Sultan in 1425.
416:
Sultan Bolkiah, whose conquests covered the whole of Borneo and as far north as Luzon in the Philippine Islands, where he initiated the spread of Islam, succeeded Sultan Sulaiman. He was known as Nakhoda Ragam. His queen was known as Puteri Laila Menchanai.
504:
Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Alam II (1906-1924) ascended the throne at 17. In 1906, he formed the Brunei Police Force. In 1911, he introduced Malay schools. Oil drilling exploration commenced. The palace was transferred from Kampong Ayer to Istana Majlis.
676:
http://www.daphne.cnrs.fr/daphne/viewNotice.html;jsessionid=43C05537410D48D60869C9FEB9E85EBE?daphneIdentifier=INIST-526-92-01604&sort=dateSort&dir=asc&page=0&maxPages=1&searchIndex=5&lastPage=false&nbResults=7&mode=full
640:
645:
404:
There were close Brunei-China trade and royal relations during the reign of the first and second sultans until about 1425. During the period, a Ming prince, Ong Sum Ping (later known as Pengiran Maharaja Lela) married a princess of Sultan Muhammad.
412:
His son Sultan Sulaiman, (1432-1485) who continued the work of building Kota Bata and propagated the Islamic teaching, succeeded Sultan Berkat. He was well known as Adipati or Sang Aji Brunei. He descended from the throne in 1485 and died in 1511.
660:
462:
Sultan Husin Kamaluddin ascended the throne twice, in 1710-1730 and 1737-1740. Endowed with supernatural powers, he was able to transform 'buah ngirih', a fruit, to 'pitabu', another fruit. He ascended the throne twice and finally lived in Luba.
665:
655:
439:
Famous for his strength, Sultan Muhammad Hasan (1582-1598) had the same power as Sultan Iskandar Muda Nahkota Alam, Acheh. His reign was known as Pengiran Di Gadong and Pengiran Pemancha. He was very active in propagating Islamic teachings.
424:
Sultan Bolkiah was succeeded by his son Sultan Abdul Kahar (1524-1530), a pious person endowed with supernatural powers (berkeramat). In 1521, Ferdinand Magellan and Antonio Pigafetta visited him while he was a deputy (Pemangku Sultan).
349:
With Islam, Brunei asserted and expanded its role as an independent and dominant trading power in the region. Its trade and territories grew with the spread of Islam to encompass existing Malay kingdoms in Borneo and the Philippines.
409:
reinforce the Islamic faith in Brunei. He also built the Kota Batu (Stone Fort), a mile and a half east of Brunei's present capital, Brunei Town, now Bandar Seri Begawan, and introduced the sword of Bongkok and flags of Brunei.
537:
In 1967, after 17 years of benevolent reign, Sultan Haji Sir Muda Omar Ah Saifuddien voluntarily abdicated it favour of his second-eldest son, His Majesty Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah, who pledged to carry on his father's policies.
428:
During his time, many Islamic theologians came to Brunei to spread the Islamic teachings. He created the currency unit 'pitis'. He descended from the throne in 1530 and was known as Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan Abdul Kahar.
525:
In 1953, the national song, Allah Peliharakan Sultan was official declared. Government English schools were set up and the mosque in Bandar Seri Begawan was built. In 1957, the first Brunei Radio programme was broadcast.
382:
Antonio Pigafetta, the Italian chronicler during Ferdinand Magellan's world voyage, visited Brunei during Sultan Bolkiah's reign, and he wrote about the splendour of the sultan's court and a view of the state capital.
641:
http://books.google.com/books?id=X_wNaey3d7EC&pg=PA256&dq=p'u+kung+chih+mu+brunei&hl=en&sa=X&ei=7XJlUpzsL9jd4AOxp4Fg&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=p'u%20kung%20chih%20mu%20brunei&f=false
371:
A Persian missionary and direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad, Sharif Ali, as Brunei's third sultan, further spread Islam, built mosques, and the first defence barriers at Kota Batu and across the Brunei river.
646:
http://books.google.com/books?id=Muoj7z9IOI8C&pg=PA20&dq=pu+kung+chih+mu+brunei&hl=en&sa=X&ei=wHJlUqzCOvOn4AOh04DgDA&ved=0CEgQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=pu%20kung%20chih%20mu%20brunei&f=false
364:
The royal genealogy of Brunei's sultans dates back nearly 600 years when in 1365, Awang Alak Betatar embraced Islam, married a Johore princess, and assumed the title Sultan Muhammad, according to early chronicles.
328:
Barunai, of Sanskrit origin, comes from the word Varuna. In its Malay context, it referred to a nation of seafarers and traders. Brunei and Borneo were among early European references to the state and the island.
661:
http://books.google.com/books?id=jGtUKhMz8v4C&pg=PA148&dq=brunei+arab+pu+islam&hl=en&sa=X&ei=UnRlUs2COOWN2gWAi4HQCg&ved=0CGMQ6AEwCTgK#v=onepage&q=brunei%20arab%20pu%20islam&f=false
550:
His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di Pertuan Brunei Darussalam ascended the throne on October 5, 1967 as the 29th Sultan. He further pushed Brunei Darussalam on the road to greater economic and social development.
666:
http://books.google.com/books?id=t8JGP4RRA1cC&pg=PA214&dq=brunei+arab+pu+islam&hl=en&sa=X&ei=PXNlUpeUE-3iyAGinICABw&ved=0CEsQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=brunei%20arab%20pu%20islam&f=false
656:
http://books.google.com/books?id=nCIPD1V39QkC&pg=PA163&dq=brunei+arab+pu+islam&hl=en&sa=X&ei=PXNlUpeUE-3iyAGinICABw&ved=0CF0Q6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=brunei%20arab%20pu%20islam&f=false
392:
Awang Alak Betatar was not the eldest, but was chosen to be their leader because of his intelligence and good looks. He married the daughter of the Sultan of Johor, and he was installed Sultan of Brunei.
508:
Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin (1924-1950) in 1927 officially opened the Brunei-Tutong highway. Two years later, oil was discovered in Seria. In 1932, he visited England. In 1941, the Japanese landed in Brunei.
518:
The most revered 20th century ruler of Brunei was Al-Marhum Sultan Sir Muda Omar Ali Saifuddien III, the Bandar Seri Begawan (1950-I967), the younger brother of Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin, the 27th ruler.
547:
In September 2004 the sultan reopened Brunei's parliament, 20 years after it was suspended. Observers saw the move as a tentative step towards giving some political power to the country's citizens.
466:
Sultan Muhammad Alauddin (1730-1737) documented the Laws of Regulations of Bruneian Kings, (Sala-silah Raja Raja Brunei) and produced the currency "pitis". He was well known as "Marhum di Brunei".
630:
490:
Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin (1885-1906) made a written proposal in 1887 to have a British residency in Limbang but was rejected by the Queen's government as too expensive.
483:
Sultan Omar Ali Saifudien II ruled until his death in 1852. He surrendered Labuan Island to the English in 1846. He signed a treaty with the English on trade and good relationship.
541:
Educated in Malaysia and Britain, in 1991 the sultan introduced a conservative ideology called Malay Muslim Monarchy, which presented the monarchy as the defender of the faith.
469:
Sultan Omar Ah Saifuddien I (1740-1795) in 1769 ordered the attack to Manila, which was captured. He had abdicated in favour of his son, Sultan Muhammad Tajuddin, in 1780.
335:
Darussalam, Arabic terms for Abode of Peace, was added in the 15th century by the third sultan, Sharif Ali, to emphasise Islam as state religion, and to enhance its spread.
805:
Note that not one of the more recent publications on Borneo history in Chinese sources is made use of, that paint a very different picture to the one presented here.
436:
Sultan Saiful Rijal was succeeded by Sultan Shah Brunei (1581-1582), who had no heir, so he handed over his throne to his younger brother, Sultan Mohammad Hasan.
143:
386:
Legends have Brunei founded some 29 reigns ago by 14 brothers of heroic stature and semi-divine descent, according to a Monograph of the Brunei Museum Journal.
375:
The sultanate's golden age dawned with the reign of the fifth sultan, Nakhoda Ragam or the singing captain, Sultan Bolkiah, who was famous for many conquests.
734:
Muja is not an ancient Arabic name for Brunei as suggested by R. Nicholl, but more likely a fictional location, as for instance suggested by G.R. Tibbetts.
924:
776:
A travel guide is used to establish a Vijayapura in Borneo. This idea, prevalent amongst non-specialists like R. Braddell and I. Moens, has no foundation.
346:
Awang Alak Betatar was the first Brunei Raja to accept Islam, changing his title and name to Sultan Muhammad Shah (1363-1402) in honour of the Prophet.
272:
357:
Before Brunei became a Muslim Sultanate in the 14th century, Chinese accounts told of the dominance of Muslim traders in the 9th and 10th centuries.
421:
were inter-marriages between the royal family members of Brunei and the royalties of other Malay and Japanese kingdoms to strengthen relationships.
939:
133:
631:
http://english.cpiasia.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2123:malay-history-whats-missing-from-the-textbooks&Itemid=171
929:
834:
820:
806:
792:
777:
763:
749:
735:
721:
707:
544:
Apparently aimed at pre-empting calls for democratisation, it is said to have alienated Brunei's large Chinese and expatriate communities.
446:
Sultan Abdul Jalilul Jabbar made himself a great name for his fairness and peace and harmony was maintained during his rule from 1659-1660.
959:
934:
914:
35:
949:
919:
449:
Sultan Haji Muhammad Ah succeeded him in 1660, who was killed at Asar on Nov. 6, 1661. He was well known as "Marhum Tumbaang Di Rumput."
591:
969:
262:
909:
696:
615:
109:
299:
316:
This huge article was found on the article. I moved it here because it might be useful later. I doubt the article is free though.
452:
Sultan Muhyiddin (1673-1690) was well known for his wisdom, strength and capabilities of uniting the people after the civil war.
443:
Sultan Muhammad Hasan was succeeded by Sultan Abdul Jalilul Akbar (1598-1659), who developed a relationship with the Spaniards.
974:
964:
887:
515:
In 1946, the Sultan took over the government from British Military Administration. In 1949, he celebrated his Silver Jubilee.
493:
Sultan Hashim signed a British Protectorate treaty in 1888 to entrust Brunei's foreign affairs under British administration.
944:
859:
98:
69:
320:
954:
904:
706:
The reference to the year 835 as the earliest date for a Brunei-China date is not found in the accompanying source text.
238:
389:
The exploits of the 14 founding heroes of Brunei are recounted in a very lengthy poem called the "Sha'er Awang Semaun."
833:
J. Kurz, The creation of a shared past: Two thousand years of shared 'historical' relations. JAH 54.1 (2020): 157-183
610:
472:
Sultan Muhammad Tajuddin (1795-1804 and 1804-1807) ordered the building of houses for the Brunei pilgrims in Mecca.
306:
108:-related subjects on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
311:
225:
186:
867:
602:
There are discrepancies between the reign dates stated in the article and the enumerated list taken from the
589:
162:
74:
44:
842:
828:
814:
800:
785:
771:
757:
743:
729:
715:
625:
819:
The Nanhai zhi does not talk about a Bruneian invasion of its neighbors. It merely lists place names.
883:
603:
289:
635:
863:
582:
568:
456:
and 19th centuries, Brunei borders were the Sambas River in the west and Sibuku River in the east.
563:
237:
on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
21:
597:
512:
In 1945, the federated army landed in Brunei. In 1946, the Brunei National Song was composed.
50:
879:
748:
In addition, there is no evidence for Brunei and the Philippines waging war against China.
670:
339:
the early Christian era. Indians knew it as Sailendra, and Arab traders called it Kamrun.
8:
701:
575:
332:
The second sultan, Sultan Ahmad, was the first to name 'Brunei' from the word 'Barunah'.
401:
Sultan Sharif Ali. He was once head of a mission from Brunei to China. He died in 1425.
762:
The transcription P'o-ni is wrong as well as the suggestion that it referred to Bumi.
838:
824:
810:
796:
781:
767:
753:
739:
725:
711:
692:
234:
847:
607:
459:
Sultan Nasruddin (1690-1710) introduced gold coins during his reign in 1690-1710.
217:
720:
The maritime jade road references are all to the Philippines and not to Borneo.
558:
Brunei did not control the Philippines rather it had influence over it. - Isao
104:
898:
201:
180:
688:
620:
303:
90:
63:
626:
http://www.bt.com.bn/art-culture/2010/03/08/golden-history-islam-brunei
433:
first Sultan of Brunei to be identified by any non-indigenous account.
317:
230:
636:
http://mnlfnet.com/History/How%20Islam%20Came%20to%20Mindanao.htm
152:
295:
302:. You can support the nomination with your vote there. --
858:
07:05, 30 January 2023 (UTC)07:05, 30 January 2023 (UTC)
671:
http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=6145849
876:
Ottoman did not reached Brunei, not even reached Aceh
229:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
207:
102:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
896:
855:Did the "Ottoman Turks" really reach Brunei.
925:Knowledge level-5 vital articles in History
19:
852:Was "Wayang dance" a popular form of art?
554:Brunei gained full independence in 1984.
300:Knowledge: This week's improvement drive
940:High-importance Southeast Asia articles
897:
621:http://www.asean-cn.org/Item/4834.aspx
298:is currently listed to be improved on
930:Start-Class vital articles in History
223:This article is within the scope of
118:Knowledge:WikiProject Southeast Asia
96:This article is within the scope of
15:
960:WikiProject Southeast Asia articles
935:Start-Class Southeast Asia articles
915:Knowledge vital articles in History
121:Template:WikiProject Southeast Asia
49:It is of interest to the following
13:
950:Unknown-importance Brunei articles
920:Start-Class level-5 vital articles
151:
14:
986:
970:High-importance Malaysia articles
616:History of China Brunei relations
343:present ruler is his descendant.
910:Knowledge level-5 vital articles
210:
200:
179:
89:
62:
29:
20:
267:This article has been rated as
138:This article has been rated as
247:Knowledge:WikiProject Malaysia
1:
975:WikiProject Malaysia articles
965:Start-Class Malaysia articles
870:07:05, 30 January 2023 (UTC)
606:. Is there a better source?
250:Template:WikiProject Malaysia
241:and see a list of open tasks.
160:This article is supported by
112:and see a list of open tasks.
888:13:59, 19 January 2024 (UTC)
868:07:05, 30 January 2023 (UTC)
611:22:10, 17 January 2007 (UTC)
321:18:07, 19 October 2005 (UTC)
7:
945:Start-Class Brunei articles
10:
991:
955:Brunei work group articles
905:Start-Class vital articles
592:18:22, 28 March 2006 (UTC)
307:06:35, 6 August 2005 (UTC)
273:project's importance scale
144:project's importance scale
99:WikiProject Southeast Asia
843:22:11, 31 July 2022 (UTC)
829:22:06, 31 July 2022 (UTC)
815:22:05, 31 July 2022 (UTC)
801:22:02, 31 July 2022 (UTC)
786:21:58, 31 July 2022 (UTC)
772:21:55, 31 July 2022 (UTC)
758:21:54, 31 July 2022 (UTC)
744:21:52, 31 July 2022 (UTC)
730:21:50, 31 July 2022 (UTC)
716:21:49, 31 July 2022 (UTC)
604:List of Sultans of Brunei
266:
195:
159:
137:
84:
57:
312:ctrl-c &ctrl-v stuff
697:18:24, 3 May 2014 (UTC)
235:Malaysia-related topics
124:Southeast Asia articles
480:present split-halves.
156:
155:
36:level-5 vital article
226:WikiProject Malaysia
163:WikiProject Brunei
157:
45:content assessment
562:The text is from
290:Improvement Drive
287:
286:
283:
282:
279:
278:
253:Malaysia articles
174:
173:
170:
169:
982:
702:Poor referencing
586:
579:
572:
255:
254:
251:
248:
245:
220:
215:
214:
213:
204:
197:
196:
191:
183:
176:
175:
126:
125:
122:
119:
116:
93:
86:
85:
80:
77:
66:
59:
58:
42:
33:
32:
25:
24:
16:
990:
989:
985:
984:
983:
981:
980:
979:
895:
894:
880:Ustad abu gosok
850:
704:
618:
600:
584:
577:
570:
314:
294:The article on
292:
269:High-importance
252:
249:
246:
243:
242:
218:Malaysia portal
216:
211:
209:
190:High‑importance
189:
140:High-importance
123:
120:
117:
114:
113:
79:High‑importance
78:
72:
43:on Knowledge's
40:
30:
12:
11:
5:
988:
978:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
893:
892:
891:
890:
877:
860:43.242.178.225
849:
846:
703:
700:
617:
614:
599:
598:List of rulers
596:
595:
594:
566:
557:
368:
313:
310:
291:
288:
285:
284:
281:
280:
277:
276:
265:
259:
258:
256:
239:the discussion
222:
221:
205:
193:
192:
184:
172:
171:
168:
167:
158:
148:
147:
136:
130:
129:
127:
115:Southeast Asia
110:the discussion
105:Southeast Asia
94:
82:
81:
70:Southeast Asia
67:
55:
54:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
987:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
902:
900:
889:
885:
881:
875:
874:
873:
872:
871:
869:
865:
861:
856:
853:
848:Ottoman Turks
845:
844:
840:
836:
831:
830:
826:
822:
817:
816:
812:
808:
803:
802:
798:
794:
788:
787:
783:
779:
774:
773:
769:
765:
760:
759:
755:
751:
746:
745:
741:
737:
732:
731:
727:
723:
718:
717:
713:
709:
699:
698:
694:
690:
686:
685:
681:
678:
677:
673:
672:
668:
667:
663:
662:
658:
657:
653:
652:
648:
647:
643:
642:
638:
637:
633:
632:
628:
627:
623:
622:
613:
612:
609:
605:
593:
590:
588:
587:
581:
580:
574:
573:
567:
565:
561:
560:
559:
555:
552:
548:
545:
542:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
516:
513:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
491:
488:
484:
481:
477:
473:
470:
467:
464:
460:
457:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
437:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
387:
384:
380:
376:
373:
369:
366:
362:
358:
355:
351:
347:
344:
340:
336:
333:
330:
326:
323:
322:
319:
309:
308:
305:
301:
297:
274:
270:
264:
261:
260:
257:
240:
236:
232:
228:
227:
219:
208:
206:
203:
199:
198:
194:
188:
185:
182:
178:
177:
165:
164:
154:
150:
149:
145:
141:
135:
132:
131:
128:
111:
107:
106:
101:
100:
95:
92:
88:
87:
83:
76:
71:
68:
65:
61:
60:
56:
52:
46:
38:
37:
27:
23:
18:
17:
857:
854:
851:
832:
818:
804:
789:
775:
761:
747:
733:
719:
705:
687:
682:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
601:
583:
576:
569:
556:
553:
549:
546:
543:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
517:
514:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
492:
489:
485:
482:
478:
474:
471:
468:
465:
461:
458:
454:
451:
448:
445:
442:
438:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
388:
385:
381:
377:
374:
370:
367:
363:
359:
356:
352:
348:
345:
341:
337:
334:
331:
327:
324:
315:
293:
268:
224:
161:
139:
103:
97:
51:WikiProjects
34:
608:Neoplatonic
41:Start-class
899:Categories
571:The Minist
564:this page
39:is rated
680:Page 43
585:r of War
244:Malaysia
231:Malaysia
187:Malaysia
866:)//////
835:Tamadun
821:Tamadun
807:Tamadun
793:Tamadun
778:Tamadun
764:Tamadun
750:Tamadun
736:Tamadun
722:Tamadun
708:Tamadun
689:Rajmaan
487:peace.
318:__earth
271:on the
142:on the
304:Fenice
296:Brunei
75:Brunei
47:scale.
28:This
884:talk
864:talk
839:talk
825:talk
811:talk
797:talk
782:talk
768:talk
754:talk
740:talk
726:talk
712:talk
693:talk
263:High
233:and
134:High
901::
886:)
878:-
841:)
827:)
813:)
799:)
784:)
770:)
756:)
742:)
728:)
714:)
695:)
73::
882:(
862:(
837:(
823:(
809:(
795:(
780:(
766:(
752:(
738:(
724:(
710:(
691:(
578:e
275:.
166:.
146:.
53::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
