50:
27:
6104:
43:
413:
1825:
1849:
6092:
1837:
471:
The timing of modern human migration from Africa to East Asia is not known with certainty; because bone is poorly preserved in tropical climates, human fossils from the region are rare. Recent discoveries in China, the
Philippines, Sri Lanka and Australia had previously established that archaic human
770:
Demeter, Fabrice; Shackelford, Laura; Westaway, Kira; Duringer, Philippe; Bacon, Anne-Marie; Ponche, Jean-Luc; Wu, Xiujie; Sayavongkhamdy, Thongsa; Zhao, Jian-Xin; Barnes, Lani; Boyon, Marc; Sichanthongtip, Phonephanh; Sénégas, Frank; Karpoff, Anne-Marie; Patole-Edoumba, Elise; Coppens, Yves; Braga,
476:
specimen was therefore considered a major discovery because it filled in a 60,000-year gap in the fossil record, demonstrating the presence of modern humans in
Southeast Asia from at least 60,000 BP. Additionally, as Tam Pa Ling lies a thousand miles inland, the finds challenged previous assumptions
540:
Shackelford, Laura; Demeter, Fabrice; Westaway, Kira; Duringer, Philippe; Ponche, Jean-Luc; Sayavongkhamdy, Thongsa; Zhao, Jian-Xin; Barnes, Lani; Boyon, Marc; Sichanthongtip, Phonephanh; Sénégas, Frank; Patole-Edoumba, Elise; Coppens, Yves; Dumoncel, Jean; Bacon, Anne-Marie (2017). "Additional
294:, a partial mandible with both modern and archaic traits. The three fossils represent three separate individuals and date from around 70,000 to 46,000 years old. The discoveries indicate that modern humans may have migrated to
477:
that humans migrated out of Africa by following coastlines. They suggest that the migration may also have proceeded along river valleys, which served as natural corridors through the continent.
746:
F. Demeter et al., "Early Modern Humans and
Morphological Variation in Southeast Asia: Fossil Evidence from Tam Pa Ling, Laos", PLOS One, 7 April 2015, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121193.
338:
Excavations at the eastern end of the cave's main gallery, at the base of the sloped entrance, were conducted by a team of
American, French and Laotian researchers starting in 2009.
455:
exhibits a mix of archaic and anatomically modern human traits, exhibiting modern human features such as having a developed chin but not having a robust mandibular corpus; however,
2213:
3123:
5633:
6009:
5234:
3359:
5728:
5778:
5623:
1694:
5628:
5758:
5653:
5138:
1722:
5788:
5673:
5618:
5148:
5133:
5987:
6002:
5153:
5143:
3204:
1887:
447:, at a depth of 5.0 m (16.4 ft), from the same area as the previous finds. The bone fragment likely belonged to an adult. Like
1570:
472:
fossils were present between 125,000 and 100,000 BP, and those of modern humans from about 40,000 BP. The discovery of the fully modern
484:
Laura
Shackleford, Fabrice Demeter and the team. In April 2016 they were returned to Laos, and are now housed in a new building of the
110:
2537:
958:
918:
310:
Tam Pa Ling has a single, south-facing opening and descends 65 m (213 ft) to its main gallery. It is part of a network of
1810:
1654:
968:
5995:
5763:
4707:
2927:
1712:
963:
6124:
5562:
5382:
5372:
5347:
5097:
1717:
1595:
973:
641:
330:
periods. The main gallery measures 30 m (98 ft) from north to south and 40 m (130 ft) from east to west.
5071:
3339:
1918:
5014:
6144:
6139:
5512:
1908:
1674:
5092:
4923:
4919:
1783:
822:
598:
2379:
2008:
1649:
5723:
3929:
1841:
511:
844:
3919:
1880:
1793:
1689:
459:
also retains archaic human features such as having a broad anterior mandibular arch. Luminescence dating of the
5542:
5522:
4000:
3247:
1788:
1089:
6017:
5517:
911:
6129:
5595:
4125:
3422:
1865:
1659:
1536:
1422:
773:"Early Modern Humans and Morphological Variation in Southeast Asia: Fossil Evidence from Tam Pa Ling, Laos"
3990:
6096:
4782:
4371:
4242:
2242:
1933:
1853:
1757:
1575:
1096:
950:
3267:
2409:
6082:
5894:
5688:
5462:
5422:
3364:
2651:
1873:
1615:
1546:
1082:
1075:
1068:
576:
42:
5392:
4500:
3525:
2161:
1798:
1590:
392:
275:
3035:
1580:
6134:
5886:
5362:
5357:
5009:
4604:
3837:
2804:
2104:
1829:
1132:
904:
5733:
5482:
4547:
3750:
3154:
2587:
2421:
2258:
1913:
1767:
1704:
1664:
1551:
1110:
541:
evidence for early modern human morphological diversity in
Southeast Asia at Tam Pa Ling, Laos".
406:
5693:
6149:
6033:
5821:
5816:
5552:
5437:
4772:
4410:
4258:
3740:
3309:
2788:
2723:
2461:
2324:
2224:
1762:
1737:
1732:
1625:
1541:
1103:
358:
260:. It is situated at the top of Pa Hang Mountain, 1,170 m (3,840 ft) above sea level.
3791:
345:, was recovered at a depth of 2.35 m (7 ft 9 in) in December 2009. A mandible,
5407:
5377:
4973:
4833:
4697:
4263:
3477:
3146:
2937:
2922:
2615:
1146:
5244:
3210:
2476:
2026:
748:
5643:
5300:
4999:
4983:
4859:
4268:
3959:
3559:
3502:
3487:
3349:
3257:
2994:
2932:
2297:
2235:
1727:
1630:
1531:
1492:
1437:
1342:
1046:
1039:
2968:
8:
6108:
6069:
6025:
6018:
The
Emergence of Modern Human Behaviour: The Pleistocene Occupation Sites of South Africa
5532:
5477:
4875:
4838:
4787:
4662:
3637:
3344:
3262:
3227:
3222:
3197:
3159:
2748:
2521:
2309:
2156:
1139:
485:
354:
323:
5004:
4306:
3287:
2547:
2481:
5942:
5753:
5497:
5487:
5472:
4941:
4322:
4167:
4109:
4010:
3995:
3457:
3447:
3292:
3182:
3170:
3133:
3092:
2989:
2753:
2738:
2557:
2364:
2349:
1684:
1526:
1402:
799:
772:
688:
396:
350:
208:
80:
2973:
2166:
5738:
5572:
5557:
5447:
5259:
5249:
5050:
5029:
5019:
4978:
4792:
4712:
4537:
3472:
3452:
3417:
3314:
3009:
2770:
2592:
2577:
2486:
2119:
1848:
1803:
1669:
1610:
1600:
1371:
1335:
1189:
983:
804:
693:
637:
558:
481:
399:
features. As of 2017, it provides the earliest skeletal evidence for the presence of
204:
3138:
2047:
891:
658:
5793:
5748:
5648:
5537:
5467:
5442:
4727:
4672:
4620:
4484:
4479:
4463:
4206:
3832:
3492:
3482:
3380:
3242:
3187:
3128:
3014:
2620:
2562:
2431:
2399:
2374:
2354:
2339:
2124:
1993:
1679:
1249:
1211:
1058:
794:
784:
683:
673:
629:
550:
433:
3354:
3076:
3045:
2886:
2099:
719:
26:
5926:
5811:
5713:
5668:
5613:
5342:
5295:
5280:
4957:
4817:
4797:
4777:
4682:
4562:
4542:
4389:
4282:
4141:
3975:
3873:
3827:
3765:
3724:
3442:
3297:
3252:
3215:
3019:
3004:
2942:
2907:
2846:
2656:
2641:
2404:
2329:
2302:
2253:
2068:
2063:
1486:
1459:
1357:
1315:
927:
789:
554:
357:
of the sediments established a minimum age of 51,000 to 46,000 years, and direct
315:
3277:
2582:
2344:
2176:
1951:
633:
349:, was found the following year at a depth of 2.65 m (8 ft 8 in).
6038:
5837:
5768:
5658:
5402:
5397:
5239:
5224:
5203:
5102:
5045:
4812:
4802:
4757:
4667:
4599:
4458:
4343:
3980:
3801:
3708:
3677:
3667:
3497:
3467:
3437:
3334:
3272:
3124:
Cave of
Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain World Heritage Site
2958:
2686:
2676:
2661:
2567:
2542:
2496:
2448:
2369:
2268:
1971:
1306:
1010:
996:
935:
429:
372:
299:
295:
287:
253:
98:
3595:
3319:
3302:
3282:
3192:
3066:
412:
6118:
5971:
5966:
5847:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5502:
5457:
5452:
5432:
5332:
5229:
5128:
5024:
4762:
4687:
4552:
4521:
4227:
4083:
4063:
4005:
3878:
3755:
3657:
3324:
2999:
2963:
2912:
2891:
2760:
2743:
2728:
2625:
2389:
2384:
2263:
1966:
1897:
1474:
1327:
1017:
866:
562:
463:
sediment layer provides a date range from around 70,000 to 48,000 years old.
380:
376:
125:
112:
5254:
2836:
2171:
1895:
678:
443:
In 2013, researchers recovered the partial mandible of a third fossil find,
5876:
5855:
5638:
5567:
5547:
5507:
5187:
4896:
4880:
4747:
4732:
4722:
4557:
4296:
4237:
4196:
4157:
4068:
4026:
3944:
3914:
3899:
3822:
3817:
3786:
3760:
3703:
3662:
3590:
3585:
3462:
3427:
3401:
2702:
2646:
2511:
2471:
2466:
2414:
2334:
2314:
2114:
1956:
1480:
1468:
1410:
1284:
1232:
1197:
1122:
1029:
808:
697:
621:
401:
368:
4348:
3040:
6064:
6043:
5871:
5678:
5663:
5527:
5417:
5412:
5367:
5352:
4807:
4767:
4752:
4702:
4442:
4327:
4301:
4211:
4201:
4191:
4175:
4093:
4088:
4042:
3985:
3934:
3924:
3904:
3745:
3682:
3672:
3647:
3621:
3543:
3432:
3385:
3232:
3071:
2854:
2765:
2733:
2707:
2666:
2597:
2491:
2284:
2140:
2083:
2078:
2042:
1998:
1364:
1291:
1263:
1256:
1204:
506:
501:
5976:
5718:
5683:
5492:
5427:
5337:
5290:
5285:
5275:
5171:
5107:
5066:
4843:
4737:
4516:
3954:
3939:
3909:
3842:
3652:
3642:
3605:
3580:
3575:
3107:
3097:
2681:
2671:
2552:
2426:
2394:
2276:
2109:
1349:
1270:
480:
The fossils were temporarily removed to the United States for study by
5163:
5910:
5387:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4426:
4078:
3894:
3796:
3698:
3102:
2870:
2607:
2516:
2506:
2359:
2197:
2073:
1961:
1416:
1321:
489:
388:
319:
190:
88:
5112:
5783:
5743:
5316:
5219:
4717:
4677:
4567:
4232:
3949:
3600:
3050:
2917:
2820:
2501:
2021:
2016:
2003:
1277:
1242:
1219:
940:
283:
264:
2181:
896:
769:
539:
436:
and small overall size, with modern human traits like a developed
6059:
5087:
4692:
4405:
4073:
3847:
2453:
2292:
1427:
1003:
384:
327:
424:
mandible was found lower down in the same stratigraphic unit as
6091:
4583:
3857:
3852:
3205:
Rock art of the
Iberian Mediterranean Basin World Heritage Site
2780:
577:"Cave of the Monkeys: Photos Reveal Early Modern Human Remains"
267:
5773:
3770:
3329:
2538:
Caves and Ice Age Art in the
Swabian Jura World Heritage Site
1502:
1393:
1383:
659:"Anatomically modern human in Southeast Asia (Laos) by 46 ka"
311:
194:
5803:
1161:
437:
257:
84:
58:
619:
535:
533:
531:
529:
527:
361:
of the fossils indicated a maximum age of 63,000 years.
6080:
524:
845:"Oldest bones from modern humans in Asia discovered"
620:Marwick, Ben; Bouasisengpaseuth, Bounheung (2017).
1406:(archaic homo sapiens, anatomically modern humans)
622:"The History and Practice of Archaeology in Laos"
6116:
626:Handbook of East and Southeast Asian Archaeology
869:. Research News Bureau ILLINOIS. April 13, 2016
666:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
749:"Ancient Human Fossils from Tam Pa Ling, Laos"
428:, and represents a mature adult that combines
341:The first fossil find, a hominin skull dubbed
6003:
1881:
912:
720:"Finding a Home for the Bones of Tam Pa Ling"
4918:
1391:
892:Anatomically modern human in Southeast Asia
6010:
5996:
1896:Prehistoric cave sites, rock shelters and
1888:
1874:
919:
905:
798:
788:
687:
677:
4663:Cradle of Humankind, World Heritage Site
1811:Human evolutionary developmental biology
867:"Bringing home the bones of Tam Pa Ling"
726:. University of Illinois Urbana-Campaign
411:
49:
717:
656:
391:. It was identified as belonging to an
305:
16:Cave in Laos with archaic human fossils
6117:
5991:
5593:
4917:
4369:
3523:
1931:
1869:
1596:Evolutionary models of human drug use
900:
322:beds that were laid down between the
1836:
742:
740:
926:
825:. Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)
13:
751:. Anthropology Net. April 11, 2015
601:. Anthropology Net. April 11, 2015
270:have been discovered in the cave:
239:Fabrice Demeter, Laura Shackleford
14:
6161:
3051:Mala Balanica and Velika Balanica
2214:Vézère Valley World Heritage Site
2009:Neolithic flint mines of Spiennes
885:
763:
737:
87:260 km (160 mi) NNE of
6102:
6090:
1847:
1835:
1824:
1823:
512:Early hominids in Southeast Asia
383:, as well as the right and left
48:
41:
25:
859:
837:
579:. Live Science. August 20, 2012
466:
815:
711:
650:
613:
591:
569:
1:
657:Demeter, F. (July 23, 2012).
517:
6125:Archaeological sites in Laos
823:"The Woman from Tam Pa Ling"
790:10.1371/journal.pone.0121193
628:. Springer New York: 89–95.
555:10.1016/j.quaint.2016.12.002
145:1,170 m (3,839 ft)
7:
5594:
3239:Other caves with decoration
2321:Other caves with decoration
2243:Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil
1919:Caves containing pictograms
1854:Evolutionary biology Portal
634:10.1007/978-1-4939-6521-2_8
495:
10:
6166:
6145:Peopling of Southeast Asia
6140:Paleoanthropological sites
4370:
3223:Other World Heritage Sites
2310:Other World Heritage Sites
1932:
1909:Paleoanthropological sites
847:. CBSNews. August 20, 2012
432:features such as a robust
333:
274:, a skull belonging to an
31:South entrance to the cave
6052:
6023:
5959:
5935:
5919:
5903:
5885:
5864:
5846:
5830:
5802:
5606:
5602:
5589:
5325:
5309:
5268:
5212:
5196:
5180:
5162:
5121:
5080:
5059:
5038:
4992:
4966:
4950:
4934:
4930:
4913:
4889:
4868:
4852:
4826:
4655:
4629:
4613:
4592:
4576:
4530:
4509:
4493:
4472:
4451:
4435:
4419:
4398:
4382:
4378:
4365:
4336:
4315:
4289:
4277:
4251:
4220:
4184:
4166:
4150:
4134:
4118:
4102:
4056:
4035:
4019:
3968:
3887:
3866:
3810:
3779:
3733:
3717:
3691:
3630:
3614:
3568:
3552:
3536:
3532:
3519:
3410:
3394:
3373:
3116:
3085:
3059:
3028:
2982:
2951:
2900:
2879:
2863:
2845:
2829:
2813:
2797:
2779:
2716:
2695:
2634:
2606:
2530:
2206:
2190:
2149:
2133:
2092:
2056:
2035:
1980:
1944:
1940:
1927:
1904:
1819:
1799:Evolutionary anthropology
1776:
1750:
1703:
1641:
1560:
1519:
1512:
1458:
1382:
1305:
1230:
1184:
1177:
1160:
1120:
1056:
1027:
991:
982:
949:
934:
393:anatomically modern human
276:anatomically modern human
235:
227:
222:
214:
200:
186:
181:
173:
165:
157:
149:
141:
104:
94:
76:
68:
36:
24:
5887:Northern Mariana Islands
3524:
543:Quaternary International
1705:Origin of modern humans
679:10.1073/pnas.1208104109
407:mainland Southeast Asia
387:and a largely complete
169:40 m (130 ft)
6034:Diepkloof Rock Shelter
4411:Manyana Rock Paintings
2462:La Chapelle-aux-Saints
771:José (April 7, 2015).
417:
359:uranium-thorium dating
177:30 m (98 ft)
126:20.20861°N 103.40972°E
4974:Actun Tunichil Muknal
1713:Recent African origin
951:Last common ancestors
415:
314:caves, formed by the
286:with both modern and
228:Excavation dates
69:Alternative name
6097:Evolutionary biology
4548:Ifri N'Amr Ou Moussa
3488:Red Lady of Paviland
2380:Mayrières supérieure
1728:Behavioral modernity
1718:Multiregional origin
1498:archaic Homo sapiens
1493:Homo heidelbergensis
1438:Red Deer Cave people
724:Illinois News Bureau
718:Shackelford, Laura.
306:Location and geology
215:Associated with
6130:Archaeology of Laos
6070:Klasies River Caves
6026:World Heritage Site
5363:Colorado Millennial
4001:Shiraho Saonetabaru
2805:Bukuroshja e Fjetur
1365:H. neanderthalensis
1285:H. e. tautavelensis
672:(36): 14375–14380.
486:Lao National Museum
482:paleoanthropologist
397:Sub-Saharan African
355:luminescence dating
324:Upper Carboniferous
252:) is a cave in the
250:Cave of the Monkeys
131:20.20861; 103.40972
122: /
72:Cave of the Monkeys
21:
5181:Dominican Republic
4942:Cueva de las Manos
3838:Huto and Kamarband
3248:Barranc del Migdia
3134:Caves in Cantabria
2558:Hohlenstein-Stadel
2365:Grotte de Gabillou
2350:La Chaire a Calvin
1552:Self-domestication
1343:H. heidelbergensis
1292:H. e. yuanmouensis
1257:H. e. lantianensis
984:Australopithecines
418:
254:Annamite Mountains
209:Middle Paleolithic
99:Annamite Mountains
81:Houaphanh Province
19:
6078:
6077:
5985:
5984:
5955:
5954:
5951:
5950:
5585:
5584:
5581:
5580:
5098:Piedras del Tunjo
5030:Toca da Tira Peia
4909:
4908:
4905:
4904:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4356:
3515:
3514:
3511:
3510:
3151:Hornos de la Peña
1863:
1862:
1804:Paleoanthropology
1746:
1745:
1723:Archaic admixture
1601:Stoned ape theory
1537:Endurance running
1454:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1301:
1300:
1264:H. e. nankinensis
1220:H. tsaichangensis
1156:
1155:
643:978-1-4939-6519-9
434:mandibular corpus
256:in north-eastern
243:
242:
205:Upper Paleolithic
6157:
6107:
6106:
6105:
6095:
6094:
6086:
6012:
6005:
5998:
5989:
5988:
5904:Papua New Guinea
5604:
5603:
5591:
5590:
5543:Stanfield-Worley
5518:Rockhouse Cliffs
4932:
4931:
4915:
4914:
4783:Howieson's Poort
4480:Enkapune Ya Muto
4380:
4379:
4367:
4366:
3833:Eshkaft-e Siahoo
3534:
3533:
3521:
3520:
3288:Peñas de Cabrera
2588:Kleine Feldhofer
2548:Geissenklösterle
2400:Roc-aux-Sorciers
1942:
1941:
1929:
1928:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1851:
1839:
1838:
1827:
1826:
1763:Human prehistory
1738:Recent evolution
1733:Early migrations
1675:Thermoregulation
1576:Expensive tissue
1547:Sexual selection
1517:
1516:
1389:
1388:
1271:H. e. pekinensis
1182:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1090:A. bahrelghazali
1059:Australopithecus
989:
988:
959:Chimpanzee–human
947:
946:
921:
914:
907:
898:
897:
879:
878:
876:
874:
863:
857:
856:
854:
852:
841:
835:
834:
832:
830:
819:
813:
812:
802:
792:
767:
761:
760:
758:
756:
744:
735:
734:
732:
731:
715:
709:
708:
706:
704:
691:
681:
663:
654:
648:
647:
617:
611:
610:
608:
606:
595:
589:
588:
586:
584:
573:
567:
566:
537:
161:Pa Hang Mountain
137:
136:
134:
133:
132:
127:
123:
120:
119:
118:
115:
52:
51:
45:
29:
22:
20:Tam Pa Ling Cave
18:
6165:
6164:
6160:
6159:
6158:
6156:
6155:
6154:
6135:Limestone caves
6115:
6114:
6113:
6103:
6101:
6089:
6081:
6079:
6074:
6048:
6019:
6016:
5986:
5981:
5947:
5931:
5915:
5899:
5881:
5860:
5842:
5826:
5798:
5714:Mackintosh 90/1
5634:Beginner's Luck
5598:
5577:
5393:Dutchess Quarry
5333:Arnold Research
5321:
5305:
5264:
5208:
5192:
5176:
5158:
5117:
5076:
5055:
5034:
4988:
4984:Midnight Terror
4962:
4946:
4926:
4901:
4885:
4864:
4848:
4822:
4651:
4625:
4609:
4588:
4572:
4563:Kelif el Boroud
4526:
4505:
4489:
4468:
4447:
4431:
4415:
4394:
4374:
4353:
4332:
4311:
4285:
4273:
4247:
4216:
4180:
4162:
4146:
4130:
4114:
4098:
4052:
4031:
4015:
3964:
3883:
3862:
3806:
3775:
3729:
3713:
3687:
3626:
3610:
3564:
3548:
3528:
3507:
3406:
3390:
3369:
3268:los Murciélagos
3216:Roca dels Moros
3112:
3081:
3055:
3024:
2995:Chertovy Vorota
2978:
2947:
2896:
2875:
2859:
2847:North Macedonia
2841:
2825:
2809:
2793:
2775:
2712:
2691:
2630:
2602:
2526:
2289:Abri du Poisson
2254:Les Combarelles
2202:
2186:
2145:
2129:
2088:
2052:
2031:
2027:Trou de l'Abîme
1976:
1936:
1923:
1900:
1894:
1864:
1859:
1815:
1772:
1758:Human evolution
1742:
1699:
1643:
1637:
1616:Cooperative eye
1561:Specific models
1556:
1508:
1487:Homo antecessor
1442:
1378:
1372:H. rhodesiensis
1336:H. floresiensis
1297:
1278:H. e. soloensis
1250:H. e. georgicus
1226:
1190:H. gautengensis
1165:
1163:
1152:
1116:
1052:
1023:
978:
969:Orangutan–human
938:
930:
928:Human evolution
925:
888:
883:
882:
872:
870:
865:
864:
860:
850:
848:
843:
842:
838:
828:
826:
821:
820:
816:
783:(4): e0121193.
768:
764:
754:
752:
747:
745:
738:
729:
727:
716:
712:
702:
700:
661:
655:
651:
644:
618:
614:
604:
602:
597:
596:
592:
582:
580:
575:
574:
570:
538:
525:
520:
498:
469:
336:
308:
130:
128:
124:
121:
116:
113:
111:
109:
108:
64:
63:
62:
61:
55:
54:
53:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6163:
6153:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6112:
6111:
6099:
6076:
6075:
6073:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6056:
6054:
6050:
6049:
6047:
6046:
6041:
6039:Pinnacle Point
6036:
6030:
6028:
6021:
6020:
6015:
6014:
6007:
6000:
5992:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5960:
5957:
5956:
5953:
5952:
5949:
5948:
5946:
5945:
5939:
5937:
5933:
5932:
5930:
5929:
5923:
5921:
5917:
5916:
5914:
5913:
5907:
5905:
5901:
5900:
5898:
5897:
5891:
5889:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5879:
5874:
5868:
5866:
5862:
5861:
5859:
5858:
5852:
5850:
5844:
5843:
5841:
5840:
5834:
5832:
5828:
5827:
5825:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5808:
5806:
5800:
5799:
5797:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5629:Beeton Shelter
5626:
5621:
5616:
5610:
5608:
5600:
5599:
5587:
5586:
5583:
5582:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5329:
5327:
5323:
5322:
5320:
5319:
5313:
5311:
5307:
5306:
5304:
5303:
5301:T'uqu T'uquyuq
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5272:
5270:
5266:
5265:
5263:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5216:
5214:
5210:
5209:
5207:
5206:
5200:
5198:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5190:
5184:
5182:
5178:
5177:
5175:
5174:
5168:
5166:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5125:
5123:
5119:
5118:
5116:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5084:
5082:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5069:
5063:
5061:
5057:
5056:
5054:
5053:
5048:
5042:
5040:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4996:
4994:
4990:
4989:
4987:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4970:
4968:
4964:
4963:
4961:
4960:
4954:
4952:
4948:
4947:
4945:
4944:
4938:
4936:
4928:
4927:
4911:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4899:
4893:
4891:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4872:
4870:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4862:
4856:
4854:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4830:
4828:
4824:
4823:
4821:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4803:Pinnacle Point
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4741:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4659:
4657:
4653:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4623:
4617:
4615:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4605:The White Lady
4602:
4596:
4594:
4590:
4589:
4587:
4586:
4580:
4578:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4519:
4513:
4511:
4507:
4506:
4504:
4503:
4497:
4495:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4476:
4474:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4466:
4461:
4455:
4453:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4445:
4439:
4437:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4413:
4408:
4402:
4400:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4392:
4386:
4384:
4376:
4375:
4363:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4340:
4338:
4334:
4333:
4331:
4330:
4325:
4319:
4317:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4293:
4291:
4287:
4286:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4255:
4253:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4181:
4179:
4178:
4172:
4170:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4144:
4138:
4136:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4128:
4126:Khoit Tsenkher
4122:
4120:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4106:
4104:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4060:
4058:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4045:
4039:
4037:
4033:
4032:
4030:
4029:
4023:
4021:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3891:
3889:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3695:
3693:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3634:
3632:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3618:
3616:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3540:
3538:
3530:
3529:
3517:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3438:Creswell Crags
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3418:Aveline's Hole
3414:
3412:
3411:United Kingdom
3408:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3398:
3396:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3383:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3362:
3360:Santa Catalina
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3236:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3155:Monte Castillo
3152:
3149:
3144:
3141:
3131:
3126:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3063:
3061:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3036:Hadži-Prodan's
3032:
3030:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2986:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2955:
2953:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2889:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2857:
2851:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2817:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2785:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2306:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2287:
2282:
2279:
2274:
2273:Laugerie-Haute
2271:
2269:Laugerie-Basse
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2250:Abri Chadourne
2248:
2245:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2227:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2153:
2151:
2150:Czech Republic
2147:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2120:Romuald's Cave
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1938:
1937:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1914:Cave paintings
1911:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1898:cave paintings
1893:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1870:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1845:
1833:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1768:Human timeline
1765:
1760:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1709:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1646:
1644:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1613:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1591:Drunken monkey
1585:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1523:
1521:
1520:General models
1514:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1464:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1413:
1408:
1399:
1397:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1346:
1339:
1332:
1324:
1319:
1311:
1309:
1307:Archaic humans
1303:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1288:
1281:
1274:
1267:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1238:
1236:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1216:
1212:H. rudolfensis
1208:
1201:
1194:
1185:
1179:
1172:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1133:P. aethiopicus
1128:
1126:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1064:
1062:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1050:
1043:
1035:
1033:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1014:
1011:Sahelanthropus
1007:
1000:
997:Nakalipithecus
992:
986:
980:
979:
977:
976:
971:
966:
961:
955:
953:
944:
932:
931:
924:
923:
916:
909:
901:
895:
894:
887:
886:External links
884:
881:
880:
858:
836:
814:
762:
736:
710:
649:
642:
612:
590:
568:
522:
521:
519:
516:
515:
514:
509:
504:
497:
494:
468:
465:
395:with distinct
377:right parietal
335:
332:
307:
304:
296:Southeast Asia
241:
240:
237:
236:Archaeologists
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
220:
219:
216:
212:
211:
202:
198:
197:
188:
184:
183:
179:
178:
175:
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
151:
147:
146:
143:
139:
138:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
78:
74:
73:
70:
66:
65:
56:
47:
46:
40:
39:
38:
37:
34:
33:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6162:
6151:
6150:Caves of Laos
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6122:
6120:
6110:
6100:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6087:
6084:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6051:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6027:
6024:Parts of the
6022:
6013:
6008:
6006:
6001:
5999:
5994:
5993:
5990:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5972:Cave painting
5970:
5968:
5967:List of caves
5965:
5962:
5961:
5958:
5944:
5941:
5940:
5938:
5934:
5928:
5925:
5924:
5922:
5918:
5912:
5909:
5908:
5906:
5902:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5890:
5888:
5884:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5863:
5857:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5849:
5848:New Caledonia
5845:
5839:
5836:
5835:
5833:
5829:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5809:
5807:
5805:
5801:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5754:New Guinea II
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5729:Mannalargenna
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5611:
5609:
5605:
5601:
5597:
5592:
5588:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5498:On Your Knees
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5423:Hidden Valley
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5330:
5328:
5326:United States
5324:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5267:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5245:Guilá Naquitz
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5230:Dzibilchaltún
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5215:
5211:
5205:
5202:
5201:
5199:
5195:
5189:
5186:
5185:
5183:
5179:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5165:
5161:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5124:
5120:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5079:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5041:
5037:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5010:Pedra Pintada
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4997:
4995:
4991:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4965:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4953:
4949:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4933:
4929:
4925:
4924:South America
4921:
4916:
4912:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4888:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4867:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4855:
4851:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4831:
4829:
4825:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4788:Klasies River
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4763:Byneskranskop
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4660:
4658:
4654:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4632:
4628:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4616:
4612:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4597:
4595:
4591:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4575:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4553:Ifri Oudadane
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4529:
4523:
4522:Uan Muhuggiag
4520:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4508:
4502:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4471:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4450:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4434:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4397:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4381:
4377:
4373:
4368:
4364:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4335:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4314:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4228:Batadombalena
4226:
4225:
4223:
4219:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4183:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4165:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4149:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4127:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4117:
4111:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4101:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4084:Ras Baalbek I
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4034:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3920:Nahal Me'arot
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3886:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3778:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3732:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3716:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3690:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3567:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3551:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3518:
3504:
3503:Windmill Hill
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3448:Heathery Burn
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3372:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3183:Tito Bustillo
3181:
3176:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3164:Las Chimeneas
3163:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3084:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3031:
3027:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2990:Akhshtyrskaya
2988:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2938:Pego do Diabo
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2844:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2729:Arene Candide
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2616:Devil's Tower
2614:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2529:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2390:Pair-non-Pair
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2375:Le Mas-d'Azil
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2325:Arcy-sur-Cure
2323:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2264:Font-de-Gaume
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2234:
2232:Abri Castanet
2231:
2230:
2229:Castel Merle
2228:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2034:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1891:
1886:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1856:
1855:
1850:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1822:
1821:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1640:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1622:Life history
1621:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1476:
1475:Homo ergaster
1471:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1404:H. s. sapiens
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1384:Modern humans
1381:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1358:H. luzonensis
1355:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1316:H. antecessor
1313:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1243:H. e. erectus
1240:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1159:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1097:A. deyiremeda
1094:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1018:Kenyanthropus
1015:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:
998:
994:
993:
990:
987:
985:
981:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
964:Gorilla–human
962:
960:
957:
956:
954:
952:
948:
945:
942:
937:
933:
929:
922:
917:
915:
910:
908:
903:
902:
899:
893:
890:
889:
868:
862:
846:
840:
824:
818:
810:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
782:
778:
774:
766:
750:
743:
741:
725:
721:
714:
699:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
671:
667:
660:
653:
645:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
616:
600:
599:"Tam Pa Ling"
594:
578:
572:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
536:
534:
532:
530:
528:
523:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
499:
493:
491:
487:
483:
478:
475:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
441:
439:
435:
431:
430:archaic human
427:
423:
416:TPL2 mandible
414:
410:
408:
404:
403:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
381:temporal bone
378:
374:
370:
367:includes the
366:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
339:
331:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
303:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
266:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
238:
234:
230:
226:
221:
217:
213:
210:
206:
203:
199:
196:
192:
189:
185:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
135:
107:
103:
100:
97:
93:
90:
86:
82:
79:
75:
71:
67:
60:
44:
35:
28:
23:
6109:Paleontology
5779:Wargata Mina
5739:Murrawijinie
5674:Eagles Reach
5669:Devil's Lair
5573:Wilson Butte
5358:Cherry Creek
5348:Bull Thistle
5093:Chiribiquete
5051:Charlie Lake
4979:Barton Creek
4793:Melkhoutboom
4733:Sterkfontein
4723:Plovers Lake
4656:South Africa
4558:Jebel Irhoud
4543:Ifri N'Ammar
4278:Turkmenistan
4243:Hunugalagala
4047:
4027:Iraq ed-Dubb
3792:Jeriji Saléh
3453:High Pasture
3010:Shulgan-Tash
2933:Pedra Furada
2754:
2593:Lichtenstein
2583:Brillenhöhle
2512:Le Regourdou
2472:La Ferrassie
2467:Combe Grenal
2410:Trois Frères
2345:Fontéchevade
2298:La Madeleine
1952:Drachenhöhle
1852:
1840:
1828:
1695:Gender roles
1690:Intelligence
1503:Homo sapiens
1501:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1481:Homo erectus
1479:
1473:
1469:Homo habilis
1467:
1432:
1428:Manot people
1417:H. s. idaltu
1415:
1411:Jebel Irhoud
1403:
1394:Homo sapiens
1392:
1370:
1363:
1356:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1326:
1314:
1290:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1262:
1255:
1248:
1241:
1233:Homo erectus
1231:
1218:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1188:
1178:Proto-humans
1167:
1164:proto-humans
1145:
1138:
1131:
1123:Paranthropus
1121:
1109:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1083:A. anamensis
1081:
1076:A. africanus
1074:
1069:A. afarensis
1067:
1057:
1045:
1038:
1030:Ardipithecus
1028:
1016:
1009:
1002:
995:
974:Gibbon–human
871:. Retrieved
861:
849:. Retrieved
839:
827:. Retrieved
817:
780:
776:
765:
753:. Retrieved
728:. Retrieved
723:
713:
701:. Retrieved
669:
665:
652:
625:
615:
603:. Retrieved
593:
581:. Retrieved
571:
546:
542:
479:
473:
470:
467:Significance
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
442:
425:
421:
419:
402:Homo sapiens
400:
364:
363:
346:
342:
340:
337:
309:
291:
290:traits; and
279:
271:
262:
249:
245:
244:
231:2008-ongoing
218:Paleo-humans
158:Part of
57:location in
6065:Border Cave
6044:Sibudu Cave
5865:New Zealand
5689:Gwion Gwion
5558:Trail Creek
5483:Meadowcroft
5443:Last Supper
5373:Daugherty's
5235:Las Flechas
5020:Rei do Mato
4744:Other caves
4728:Rising Star
4703:Makapansgat
4668:Bolt's Farm
4485:Njoro River
4328:Teshik-Tash
4323:Obi-Rakhmat
4307:Yarımburgaz
4207:Lapuz Lapuz
4185:Philippines
4094:Nachcharini
4089:Ras El Kelb
4048:Tam Pa Ling
4043:Tham An Mah
3925:Nahal Hemar
3673:Zhoukoudian
3648:Guanyindong
3622:Laang Spean
3544:Darra-e Kur
3537:Afghanistan
3483:Portbraddon
3473:Marble Arch
3386:Wildkirchli
3374:Switzerland
3310:Other caves
3283:Ojo Guareña
3263:Maltravieso
3258:Los Casares
3233:Siega Verde
3198:Los Aviones
3193:Santimamiñe
3167:Las Monedas
3160:El Castillo
3067:Čertova pec
3015:Mezmaiskaya
2923:Lagar Velho
2855:Cocev Kamen
2734:Balzi Rossi
2574:Other caves
2563:Sirgenstein
2492:Le Moustier
2482:Fontbrégoua
2442:Bonne-Femme
2422:Other caves
2141:Aetokremnos
2084:Utroba Cave
1990:Claminforge
1987:Belle-Roche
1626:Grandmother
1581:Shore-based
1542:Aquatic ape
1433:Tam Pa Ling
1328:H. ergaster
1147:P. robustus
507:Laang Spean
502:Tham An Mah
351:Radiocarbon
316:dissolution
246:Tam Pa Ling
129: /
117:103°24′35″E
105:Coordinates
83:, northern
6119:Categories
5977:Speleology
5794:Wellington
5749:Naracoorte
5734:Mudgegonga
5719:Madjedbebe
5684:Gabarnmung
5624:Ballawinne
5614:Abrakurrie
5513:Pictograph
5291:Qillqatani
5286:Pikimachay
5281:Guitarrero
5276:Chivateros
5255:Oxtotitlán
5108:Tequendama
4818:Wonderwerk
4798:Nelson Bay
4778:Elands Bay
4738:Swartkrans
4683:Gladysvale
4630:Somaliland
4577:Mozambique
4517:Haua Fteah
4316:Uzbekistan
3981:Minatogawa
3976:Kosegasawa
3930:Nahal Oren
3874:Hazar Merd
3843:Qaleh Bozi
3828:Do-Ashkaft
3725:Satsurblia
3692:East Timor
3569:Azerbaijan
3458:Kendrick's
3423:Bontnewydd
3345:Don Gaspar
3298:Praileaitz
3253:Las Caldas
3171:La Pasiega
3098:Divje Babe
3020:Okladnikov
3005:Ignatievka
2928:Pala Pinta
2837:Għar Dalam
2814:Luxembourg
2789:St Brelade
2771:Villabruna
2682:Stravomyti
2672:Megalakkos
2657:Eileithyia
2642:Alepotrypa
2553:Hohle Fels
2439:Balauzière
2395:Pech Merle
2303:Rouffignac
2277:La Micoque
2259:Cro-Magnon
2218:Bara Bahau
2162:Býčí skála
2110:Vela Spila
2069:Devetashka
2064:Bacho Kiro
1665:Skin color
1650:Bipedalism
1611:Killer ape
1423:Cro-Magnon
1322:Denisovans
1198:H. habilis
1162:Humans and
1047:A. ramidus
1040:A. kadabba
873:August 21,
851:August 21,
829:August 21,
755:August 21,
730:2016-08-21
703:August 23,
605:August 21,
583:August 21,
549:: 93–106.
518:References
371:, partial
298:by 60,000
223:Site notes
114:20°12′31″N
5943:Nanumanga
5927:Falemauga
5838:Makauwahi
5607:Australia
5563:Trinchera
5438:La Grange
5408:Gatecliff
5403:Franktown
5398:Fort Rock
5378:Dry Creek
5296:Toquepala
5260:Sac Actun
5250:Ox Bel Ha
5240:Frightful
5225:Coxcatlan
5204:Long Mile
4958:Quadiriki
4935:Argentina
4773:Diepkloof
4758:Boomplaas
4713:Minnaar's
4698:Kromdraai
4647:Laas Geel
4642:Dhaymoole
4637:Dhambalin
4600:Apollo 11
4501:Liphofung
4427:Shum Laka
4390:Gueldaman
4344:Con Moong
4221:Sri Lanka
4168:Palestine
4142:Padah-Lin
4079:Ksar Akil
4011:Yamashita
3996:Pinza-Abu
3802:Pettakere
3797:Liang Bua
3780:Indonesia
3766:Pahargarh
3751:Bhimbetka
3709:Lene Hara
3699:Jerimalai
3678:Zengpiyan
3668:Yuchanyan
3468:Long Hole
3365:del Valle
3340:dels Bous
3293:la Pileta
3228:Atapuerca
3143:Covalanas
3041:Pešturina
2969:Muierilor
2959:Coliboaia
2871:Svarthola
2687:Theopetra
2677:Petralona
2662:Franchthi
2652:Asphendou
2608:Gibraltar
2578:Baumann's
2568:Vogelherd
2543:Bockstein
2522:Vallonnet
2517:Rochereil
2507:Raymonden
2497:Noisetier
2449:Bruniquel
2370:Marsoulas
2360:Lombrives
2355:La Marche
2281:La Mouthe
2247:Abri Audi
2225:Cap Blanc
2167:Koněprusy
2157:Amatérská
2125:Veternica
2074:Kozarnika
2048:Ledenjača
1972:Tischofer
1962:Lurgrotte
1784:Theorists
1751:Timelines
1631:Patriarch
1607:Behavior
1532:Gathering
1460:Ancestors
1205:H. naledi
1140:P. boisei
1111:A. sediba
563:1040-6182
490:Vientiane
389:dentition
373:occipital
320:limestone
191:limestone
89:Vientiane
5784:Warratyi
5769:Tarragal
5759:Nunamira
5744:Murujuga
5709:Kutikina
5704:Koonalda
5699:Koongine
5659:Cliefden
5654:Cave Bay
5553:Tomaquag
5538:Sisyphus
5468:Mantle's
5458:Lovelock
5453:LoDaisKa
5433:Humboldt
5317:Werehpai
5310:Suriname
5220:Chan Hol
5139:Centella
5129:Ambrosio
5081:Colombia
5046:Bluefish
4890:Zimbabwe
4827:Tanzania
4813:Stadsaal
4718:Motsetsi
4688:Gondolin
4678:Drimolen
4673:Cooper's
4568:Taforalt
4538:Hercules
4464:Swimmers
4436:DR Congo
4420:Cameroon
4399:Botswana
4269:Tham Lod
4259:Pha Taem
4252:Thailand
4233:Belilena
4151:Pakistan
4119:Mongolia
4103:Malaysia
4064:Antelias
4006:Tobayama
3960:Zuttiyeh
3879:Shanidar
3741:Ambadevi
3658:Tianyuan
3638:Baishiya
3615:Cambodia
3355:El Mirón
3350:Guanches
3325:Armintxe
3243:Bacinete
3188:Altxerri
3177:El Pendo
3147:La Garma
3129:Altamira
3086:Slovenia
3077:Jasovská
3060:Slovakia
3046:Risovača
3000:Denisova
2964:Cuciulat
2918:Furninha
2913:Escoural
2901:Portugal
2892:Paradise
2887:Obłazowa
2821:Loschbur
2761:Paglicci
2744:Corbeddu
2626:Vanguard
2621:Gorham's
2502:La Quina
2445:Bouillon
2432:Aurignac
2236:Reverdit
2221:Bernifal
2100:Grapčeva
2057:Bulgaria
2017:Scladina
2004:Naulette
1967:Salzofen
1830:Category
1685:Language
1655:Skeleton
1350:H. longi
1104:A. garhi
941:Hominins
936:Taxonomy
809:25849125
777:PLOS ONE
698:22908291
496:See also
385:maxillae
284:mandible
187:Material
142:Altitude
77:Location
6083:Portals
6060:Blombos
5895:Chugai'
5877:Ruakuri
5812:Gadao's
5789:Warreen
5724:Mammoth
5694:Jenolan
5639:Blanche
5619:Acheron
5596:Oceania
5568:Ventana
5548:Tainter
5523:Russell
5508:Pendejo
5503:Paisley
5463:Mammoth
5383:Durango
5343:Bonfire
5197:Jamaica
5164:Curaçao
5103:Sáchica
5088:El Abra
5072:Milodón
5015:Peruaçu
5005:Maquiné
4897:Bambata
4876:Kalemba
4748:Blombos
4693:Haasgat
4614:Nigeria
4593:Namibia
4531:Morocco
4494:Lesotho
4406:Tsodilo
4383:Algeria
4337:Vietnam
4297:Belbaşı
4283:Dzhebel
4238:Fa Hien
4197:Kalanay
4158:Sanghao
4135:Myanmar
4074:Kaukaba
4057:Lebanon
3945:Raqefet
3915:Misliya
3900:HaYonim
3848:Warwasi
3823:Darband
3818:Bisitun
3787:Harimau
3761:Gudiyam
3756:Edakkal
3718:Georgia
3663:Xianren
3591:Damjili
3586:Buzeyir
3560:Areni-1
3553:Armenia
3478:Oldbury
3443:Gough's
3428:Cathole
3402:Verteba
3395:Ukraine
2952:Romania
2943:Salemas
2908:Aroeira
2739:Cavallo
2724:Addaura
2703:Baradla
2696:Hungary
2647:Apidima
2531:Germany
2487:Lazaret
2415:Villars
2335:Cosquer
2315:Chauvet
2293:Lascaux
2191:Finland
2115:Vindija
2105:Krapina
2093:Croatia
2013:Ramioul
1981:Belgium
1957:Gudenus
1945:Austria
1842:Commons
1794:Fossils
1660:Muscles
1571:Cooking
1527:Hunting
1004:Orrorin
800:4388508
689:3437904
369:frontal
334:Fossils
328:Permian
288:archaic
268:fossils
265:hominin
201:Periods
182:History
5936:Tuvalu
5872:Moncks
5856:Pindai
5831:Hawaii
5822:Talagi
5817:Mahlac
5679:Fossil
5664:Cloggs
5649:Burrup
5528:Sandia
5473:Marmes
5418:Hidden
5413:Graham
5368:Danger
5353:Burnet
5213:Mexico
5188:Pomier
5149:Patana
5134:Calero
5113:Tibitó
5039:Canada
5000:Gentio
4993:Brazil
4967:Belize
4881:Mumbwa
4869:Zambia
4853:Uganda
4834:Kondoa
4808:Sibudu
4753:Border
4708:Malapa
4584:Ngalue
4459:Beasts
4443:Matupi
4372:Africa
4302:Karain
4290:Turkey
4264:Spirit
4202:Minori
4192:Callao
4176:Shuqba
4020:Jordan
3991:Ōzakai
3986:Muroya
3935:Qafzeh
3905:Kebara
3888:Israel
3858:Yafteh
3853:Wezmeh
3683:Zhiren
3596:Tağlar
3498:Thor's
3433:Coygan
3381:Bichon
3335:Bedmar
3303:Sidrón
3139:Chufín
3072:Domica
3029:Serbia
2983:Russia
2880:Poland
2864:Norway
2798:Kosovo
2781:Jersey
2766:Romito
2708:Szelim
2667:Kleidi
2635:Greece
2340:Cussac
2330:Gargas
2285:Pataud
2207:France
2177:Mladeč
2134:Cyprus
2079:Magura
2043:Badanj
2036:Bosnia
1934:Europe
1777:Others
1680:Speech
1642:Topics
1587:Drugs
1513:Models
807:
797:
696:
686:
640:
561:
379:, and
263:Three
166:Length
95:Region
6053:Other
5920:Samoa
5774:Ubirr
5764:ORS 7
5533:Shoup
5493:Mummy
5488:Modoc
5478:Martz
5428:Hogup
5338:Baker
5154:Pluma
5060:Chile
5025:Santo
4951:Aruba
4920:North
4860:Nyero
4844:Mumba
4768:Cango
4510:Libya
4473:Kenya
4452:Egypt
4349:Ngườm
4212:Tabon
4069:Jeita
3969:Japan
3955:Tabun
3950:Skhul
3940:Qesem
3910:Manot
3771:Tikla
3746:Belum
3734:India
3704:Laili
3653:Luobi
3643:Fuyan
3631:China
3606:Gazma
3581:Azykh
3576:Allar
3463:Kents
3330:Axlor
3320:Antón
3315:Ángel
3273:Nerja
3211:Araña
3117:Spain
3108:Potok
3103:Pekel
3093:Betal
2830:Malta
2755:Felci
2717:Italy
2598:Ofnet
2458:Cauna
2454:Calès
2427:Arago
2405:Renne
2385:Niaux
2182:Šipka
2172:Kůlna
1999:Goyet
1994:Engis
1789:Books
1567:Diet
662:(PDF)
312:karst
195:karst
174:Width
5963:Cave
5911:Kilu
5804:Guam
5644:Bone
5448:Levi
5388:Dust
5269:Peru
5172:Hato
5144:Cura
5122:Cuba
5067:Fell
4922:and
4839:Bahi
4110:Niah
4036:Laos
3895:Amud
3867:Iraq
3811:Iran
3526:Asia
3493:Sand
3278:Niño
2974:Oase
2749:Deer
2477:Fées
2198:Wolf
1670:Hair
1490:) →
1168:Homo
875:2016
853:2016
831:2016
805:PMID
757:2016
705:2016
694:PMID
638:ISBN
607:2016
585:2016
559:ISSN
474:TPL1
461:TPL3
457:TPL3
453:TPL3
449:TPL2
445:TPL3
438:chin
426:TPL1
422:TPL2
420:The
365:TPL1
353:and
347:TPL2
343:TPL1
326:and
292:TPL3
282:, a
280:TPL2
272:TPL1
258:Laos
153:Cave
150:Type
85:Laos
59:Laos
4621:Rop
3601:Zar
2436:Azé
2022:Spy
1484:(→
1375:(?)
1353:(?)
1331:(?)
1223:(?)
1215:(?)
1193:(?)
795:PMC
785:doi
684:PMC
674:doi
670:109
630:doi
551:doi
547:466
488:in
405:in
318:of
6121::
1500:→
1496:→
1478:/
1472:→
803:.
793:.
781:10
779:.
775:.
739:^
722:.
692:.
682:.
668:.
664:.
636:.
624:.
557:.
545:.
526:^
492:.
451:,
440:.
409:.
375:,
302:.
300:BP
278:;
207:,
193:,
6085::
6011:e
6004:t
5997:v
3207:)
1889:e
1882:t
1875:v
1170:)
1166:(
943:)
939:(
920:e
913:t
906:v
877:.
855:.
833:.
811:.
787::
759:.
733:.
707:.
676::
646:.
632::
609:.
587:.
565:.
553::
248:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
