166:
2694:
73:
11452:
9908:
3337:
8041:
1537:
11350:
1531:
11418:
140:
4103:
11435:
11401:
5197:. Although there is no formal grouping for these books in the Jewish tradition, they nevertheless share a number of distinguishing characteristics: their narratives all openly describe relatively late events (i.e. the Babylonian captivity and the subsequent restoration of Zion); the Talmudic tradition ascribes late authorship to all of them; two of them (Daniel and Ezra) are the only books in Tanakh with significant portions in
11384:
9922:
5674:
2546:
11367:
7940:—An online project that aims to present critical text of the Hebrew Bible with important ancient versions (Samaritan Pentateuch, Masoretic Text, Targum Onkelos, Samaritan Targum, Septuagint, Peshitta, Aquila of Sinope, Symmachus, Theodotion, Vetus Latina, and Vulgate) in parallel with new English translation for each version, plus a comprehensive critical apparatus and a textual commentary for every verse.
1543:
5511:
4099:
fixed numbers of canonical books appear. There were several criteria for inclusion. Books had to be older than the 4th century BCE or attributed to an author who had lived before that period. The original language had to be Hebrew, and books needed to be in wide use. Many books considered scripture by certain Jewish communities were excluded during this time.
5346:
into 24 books, corresponding to the letters of the Greek alphabet. Both the Bible and Homer formed "foundational literature" of their respective cultures, studied by children and considered distillations of the society's values. The division of the Bible into 22 books may be a conversion of the Greek
3933:
Scholars estimate the Jacob tradition (Genesis 25–35) was first written down in the 8th century BCE and probably originated in the north because the stories take place there. Based on the prominence given to the sanctuary at Bethel (Genesis 28), these stories were likely preserved and written down at
3965:
notes the possibility of an early oral tradition for the Exodus story: "To be sure, there may have been a 'Moses group,' themselves of
Canaanite extraction, who experienced slavery and liberation from Egypt, but most scholars believe that such a group—if it existed—was only a small minority in early
5381:
It is a major subject in the curriculum of
Orthodox high schools for girls and in the seminaries which they subsequently attend, and is often taught by different teachers than those who teach Chumash. The curriculum of Orthodox high schools for boys includes only some portions of Nach, such as the
4098:
was once credited with fixing the Hebrew canon, but modern scholars believe there was no such authoritative council of rabbis. Between 70 and 100 CE, rabbis debated whether certain books "make the hands unclean" (meaning the books are holy and should be considered scripture) and references to
5537:
There are two major approaches to the study of, and commentary on, the Tanakh. In the Jewish community, the classical approach is a religious study of the Bible, where it is assumed that the Bible is divinely inspired. Another approach is to study the Bible as a human creation. In this approach,
7145:
3829:
after Israel and Judah had already developed as states. Nevertheless, "it is highly likely that extensive oral transmission of proverbs, stories, and songs took place during this period", and these may have been included in the Hebrew Bible. Elements of
Genesis 12–50, which describes the
4016:
The author of the books of Kings likely lived in
Jerusalem. The text shows a clear bias in favor of Judah where worship of God was centralized at Jerusalem. The Kingdon of Samaria is portrayed as a godless, breakaway region whose rulers refuse to worship at Jerusalem.
3948:
The story of Moses and the Exodus appears to also originate in the north. It existed as a self-contained story in its oral and earliest written forms, but it was connected to the patriarchal stories during the exile or post-exile periods. The account of Moses' birth
1441:
of the Hebrew Bible, once existed and is the source of the versions extant today. However, such an Urtext has never been found, and which of the three commonly known versions (Septuagint, Masoretic Text, Samaritan
Pentateuch) is closest to the Urtext is debated.
3589:. The Tanakh forbids the exploitation of widows, orphans, and other vulnerable groups. In addition, the Tanakh condemns murder, theft, bribery, corruption, deceitful trading, adultery, incest, bestiality, and homosexual acts. Another theme of the Tanakh is
3921:
culture of
Samaria and Judah was sufficiently developed enough to produce biblical texts. The Kingdom of Samaria was more powerful and culturally advanced than the kingdom of Judah. It also featured multiple cultic sites, including the sanctuaries at
3737::6–7) and makes it his capital. Jerusalem's location between Judah in the southern hills and the northern Israelite tribes made it an ideal location from which to rule over all the tribes. He further increased Jerusalem's importance by bringing the
5310:
The Hebrew Bible is generally considered to consist of 24 books, but this number is somewhat arbitrary, as (for example) it regards 12 separate books of minor prophets as a single book. The traditional rabbinic count of 24 books appears in the
4122:
introduced thousands of minor changes into the biblical texts. Sometimes, these changes were by accident. At other times, scribes intentionally added clarifications or theological material. In the Middle Ages, Jewish scribes produced the
5569:
community allows for a wider array of biblical criticism to be used for biblical books outside of the Torah, and a few
Orthodox commentaries now incorporate many of the techniques previously found in the academic world, e.g. the
3515:. In the prophetic books, a prophet denounces evil or predicts what God will do in the future. A prophet might also describe and interpret visions. The Book of Daniel is the only book in the Tanakh usually described as
3652:. This moral code requires justice and care for the poor, widows, and orphans. The biblical story affirms God's unconditional love for his people, but he still punishes them when they fail to live by the covenant.
5562:. Their use of historical and scientific analysis of the Bible was considered acceptable by historic Judaism due to the author's faith commitment to the idea that God revealed the Torah to Moses on Mount Sinai.
5270:
gives their order as Ruth, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Lamentations, Daniel, Scroll of Esther, Ezra, Chronicles. This order is roughly chronological (assuming traditional authorship).
3561:
is consistently presented throughout the as the God who created the world, and as the only God with whom Israel is to be concerned". This special relationship between God and Israel is described in terms of
5292:), and often in old Spanish manuscripts as well, the order is Chronicles, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Ruth, Song of Songs, Ecclesiastes, Lamentations, Esther, Daniel, Ezra. This order is more thematic (e.g. the
5646:
The ancient translations of the Hebrew Bible currently used by the Roman
Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches are based on the Septuagint, which was considered the authoritative scriptural canon by the
1307:. The terms "Hebrew Bible" or "Hebrew Canon" are frequently confused with the Masoretic Text; however, this is a medieval version and one of several texts considered authoritative by different types of
4079:
The
Ketuvim was the last part of the Tanakh to achieve canonical status. The prologue to the Book of Sirach mentions "other writings" along with the Law and Prophets but does not specify content. The
4106:
The inter-relationship between various significant ancient manuscripts of the Hebrew Bible (some identified by their siglum). Mt being the
Masoretic text. The lowermost text "(lost)" would be the
5900:
3961:
influence sometime after 722 BCE. While the Moses story is set in Egypt, it is used to tell both an anti-Assyrian and anti-imperial message, all while appropriating Assyrian story patterns.
7629:
6042:
Intertextualität als hermeneutischer Zugang zur Auslegung des Korans: Eine Betrachtung am Beispiel der Verwendung von Israiliyyat in der Rezeption der Davidserzählung in Sure 38: 21-25
3852:) is credited as the author of at least 73 psalms. His son, Solomon, is identified as the author of Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Song of Solomon. The Tanakh describes their reigns as a
5930:
6138:
4042:
was considered the author of the Torah, and this part of the Tanakh achieved authoritative or canonical status first, possibly as early as the 5th century BCE. This is suggested by
3881:
Modern scholars believe that the ancient Israelites mostly originated from within Canaan. Their material culture was closely related to their Canaanite neighbors, and Hebrew was a
7284:
3856:
when Israel flourished both culturally and militarily. However, there is no evidence for this, and it is most likely a "retrospective extrapolation" of conditions under King
3504:
is a collection of hymns, but songs are included elsewhere in the Tanakh, such as Exodus 15, 1 Samuel 2, and Jonah 2. Books such as Proverbs and Ecclesiastes are examples of
3020:
3675:
was judge (1 Samuel 4:1–7:1). When Samuel grew old, the people requested that he choose a king because Samuel's sons were corrupt and they wanted to be like other nations (
1414:
In addition to the Masoretic Text, modern biblical scholars seeking to understand the history of the Hebrew Bible use a range of sources. These include the Septuagint, the
1437:. These sources may be older than the Masoretic Text in some cases and often differ from it. These differences have given rise to the theory that yet another text, an
5574:
series. Non-Orthodox Jews, including those affiliated with Conservative Judaism and Reform Judaism, accept both traditional and secular approaches to Bible studies. "
3702:
achieves great militarily success. Saul tries to kill him out of jealousy, but David successfully escapes (1 Samuel 16–29). After Saul dies fighting the Philistines (
3432:, suggests that authors "be aware of the connotations of alternative expressions such as ... Hebrew Bible Old Testament" without prescribing the use of either.
10656:
7065:
5419:
The Holy Scriptures According to the Masoretic Text: A New Translation with the aid of Previous Versions & with the Constant Consultation of Jewish Authorities
7556:
4353:, literally "teaching") is also known as the "Pentateuch", or as the "Five Books of Moses". Printed versions (rather than scrolls) of the Torah are often called
4229:
6284:
6205:
5347:
system to the Hebrew alphabet, while the division into 24 may be an adoption of the "perfect" number 24 as befitting the Bible's stature in Jewish eyes.
5892:
7595:
7484:
4969:
notes that are designed to emphasize parallel stichs within verses. However, the beginning and end of the book of Job are in the normal prose system.
7919:
7621:
7314:
6172:
5538:
Biblical studies can be considered as a sub-field of religious studies. The latter practice, when applied to the Torah, is considered heresy by the
9412:
5713:
4927:
In Masoretic manuscripts (and some printed editions), Psalms, Proverbs and Job are presented in a special two-column form emphasizing the parallel
4087::44). These references suggest that the content of the Writings remained fluid until the canonization process was completed in the 2nd century CE.
9802:
5801:
10286:
5487:
3439:
and their descendants, who preserved the transmission of the Masoretic Text up to the present day. The Hebrew Bible includes small portions in
7847:
6944:
8485:
8195:
7922:
5922:
5418:
5542:
community. As such, much modern day Bible commentary written by non-Orthodox authors is considered forbidden by rabbis teaching in Orthodox
10341:
5065:
In many Jewish communities, these books are read aloud in the synagogue on particular occasions, the occasion listed below in parentheses.
2998:
7520:
11273:
11155:
9762:
8226:
5718:
5599:
3045:
7413:
5860:
8280:
7273:
6865:
With many other scholars, I conclude that the fixing of a canonical list was almost certainly the achievement of the Hasmonean dynasty.
6258:
9960:
7249:
4232:. Despite the comparatively late process of codification, some traditional sources and some Orthodox Jews hold the pronunciation and
4031:
The books that make up the Hebrew Bible were composed and edited in stages over several hundred years. According to biblical scholar
3633:
is sold into slavery by his brothers, but he becomes a powerful man in Egypt. During a famine, Jacob and his family settle in Egypt.
3821:". However, the Torah itself only credits Moses with writing certain sections. According to scholars, Moses would have lived in the
8309:
6102:
7448:
11232:
9808:
8055:
3365:
3161:
3067:
11140:
11135:
8908:
8362:
8120:
2967:
2848:
2843:
4240:, since it is impossible to read the original text without pronunciations and cantillation pauses. The combination of a text (
11150:
8903:
7807:
7764:
7734:
7693:
6858:
6504:
6425:
6244:
6153:
Biblical Studies Mikra: Text, Translation, Reading, and Interpretation. Norton Irish Theological Quarterly. 2007; 72: 305–306
5854:
5305:
4026:
3519:. However, other books or parts of books have been called proto-apocalyptic, such as Isaiah 24–27, Joel, and Zechariah 9–14.
2835:
2062:
1352:
165:
7770:
10841:
8125:
7351:
6135:
5792:
4115:
2420:
8812:
4090:
There is no scholarly consensus as to when the Hebrew Bible canon was fixed: some scholars argue that it was fixed by the
4057:
The Nevi'im had gained canonical status by the 2nd century BCE. There are references to the "Law and the Prophets" in the
11338:
10947:
8923:
8918:
8342:
8158:
7965:
6941:
3692:
3096:
2465:
1130:
7915:
7049:
11482:
11268:
10942:
10803:
9735:
8612:
7659:
7126:
7059:
6998:
6802:
5982:
5319:. In several early nonrabbinic sources, the number of books given is 22. This number corresponds to the letters of the
4035:, "It now seems clear that all the Hebrew Bible received its final shape in the postexilic, or Second Temple, period."
3911:
3539:
2871:
2866:
7546:
10910:
8763:
8617:
8170:
8153:
8110:
7894:
7825:
6606:
6455:
6373:
6328:
6049:
6015:
5452:
5439:
5395:
4164:), a task completed in 450 BCE, and it has remained unchanged ever since. The 24-book canon is mentioned in the
3014:
2879:
2576:
6019:
5631:. Protestant English Bibles originally included the Deuterocanonical books, which Protestants now include among the
11028:
10905:
10756:
10334:
10307:
8672:
8580:
8143:
7931:
6072:
5575:
5505:
3379:
3290:
2771:
1087:
46:
11356:
3621:. God promises Abraham and his descendants blessing and land. The covenant God makes with Abraham is signified by
2661:
continues to be used in Hebrew to this day, alongside Tanakh, to refer to the Hebrew scriptures. In modern spoken
11288:
9837:
9031:
8237:
5703:
5656:
3428:
3330:
3200:
2962:
11458:
6274:
6195:
3906:(around 500 years after the events it describes) portrays Israel as a grouping of decentralized tribes, and the
3435:"Hebrew" refers to the original language of the books, but it may also be taken as referring to the Jews of the
11424:
8713:
8273:
6127:
5467:, an ongoing translation to Modern Hebrew (2010–) by Avraham Ahuvya (RAM Publishing House Ltd. and Miskal Ltd.)
3407:
3039:
1408:
42:
11441:
11407:
11278:
7934:). The outlines include a daily study-cycle, and the explanatory material is in English, by Seth (Avi) Kadish.
4076:, was not grouped with the Prophets presumably because the Nevi'im collection was already fixed by this time.
11487:
11390:
11242:
9953:
9814:
9135:
3166:
2657:) because the biblical texts were read publicly. The acronym 'Tanakh' is first recorded in the medieval era.
5558:, used many elements of contemporary biblical criticism, including their knowledge of history, science, and
1411:, both of these ancient editions of the Hebrew Bible differ significantly from the medieval Masoretic Text.
11237:
9877:
9745:
9740:
8928:
8913:
8677:
8632:
8377:
7585:
7474:
6217:
Modern scholars often use the term 'Hebrew Bible' to avoid the confessional terms Old Testament and Tanakh.
5698:
5515:
3785:
3772:
with its capital at Jerusalem. The Kingdom of Samaria survived for 200 years until it was conquered by the
3679:). The Tanakh presents this negatively as a rejection of God's kingship; nevertheless, God permits it, and
2438:
7311:
5483:
and a subsequent posthumous translation of the Nevi'im and Ketuvim following the model of the first volume
1453:
Old Testament has the same books as the Hebrew Bible, but the books are arranged in different orders. The
11373:
11321:
10751:
10327:
10194:
9842:
9827:
8708:
8568:
8249:
8190:
8165:
8065:
6164:
6067:
3761:
3358:
3205:
1863:
1082:
7930:– Detailed Hebrew outlines of the biblical books based on the natural flow of the text (rather than the
4267:) enable the reader to understand both the simple meaning and the nuances in sentence flow of the text.
3718:
and Eshbaal ruled the rest). After Eshbaal's assassination, David was anointed king over all of Israel (
3062:
10925:
9796:
9690:
9341:
9235:
8943:
8876:
8437:
8327:
8175:
6592:
6488:
5492:
3886:
3602:
3416:
1649:
1553:
11043:
4094:, while others argue it was not fixed until the second century CE or even later. The late 1st century
10957:
10936:
10930:
9912:
9852:
9750:
9730:
9600:
9525:
9385:
9252:
8938:
8898:
8266:
8221:
5838:
5470:
5375:
4492:. This division includes the books which cover the time from the entrance of the Israelites into the
4213:
4107:
3571:
3285:
1669:
1612:
1438:
2693:
10952:
10920:
10915:
10651:
10612:
9946:
9832:
9663:
8962:
8837:
8180:
8020:
7855:
6306:
3973:
could have northern origins since it refers to a king marrying a foreign princess, a policy of the
3554:
3230:
3051:
3009:
2853:
2530:
2428:
2151:
969:
7020:
A Dissertation Concerning the Antiquity of the Hebrew Language: Letters, Vowel-points, and Accents
6447:
The Hebrew Bible: A Contemporary Introduction to the Christian Old Testament and the Jewish Tanakh
3574:. God liberates his people from Egypt and continually intervenes to save them from their enemies.
11258:
11130:
10987:
10848:
10588:
10002:
9973:
9785:
9774:
9368:
9289:
8994:
8893:
8832:
8718:
8691:
8185:
8025:
7958:
5693:
5659:
5648:
5566:
3626:
3255:
3240:
3190:
3025:
2825:
2813:
2794:
1679:
1579:
1123:
31:
7150:
Homer and the Bible in the Eyes of Ancient Interpreters: Between Literary and Religious Concerns
11492:
11114:
10997:
10982:
10972:
10564:
10052:
9821:
9791:
8854:
8105:
8100:
8070:
7818:
The People of Ancient Israel: an introduction to Old Testament Literature, History, and Thought
7510:
7014:
6236:
6230:
5628:
3765:
3742:
3516:
3351:
3314:
3306:
3250:
3220:
3057:
3030:
2758:
2520:
2156:
1466:
947:
17:
7030:
7024:
5974:
4148:, published in 1909, that the twenty-four book canon was fixed by Ezra and the scribes in the
11477:
11063:
11002:
10992:
10900:
10213:
9847:
9768:
9550:
9257:
9140:
8881:
8871:
8864:
8849:
8735:
8115:
8075:
7795:
7045:
6988:
6846:
5826:
4667:
4320:
4221:
3978:
3977:. Some psalms may have originated from the shrine in the northern city of Dan. These are the
3885:. Archaeological evidence indicates Israel began as loosely organized tribal villages in the
3777:
3476:
The Tanakh includes a variety of genres, including narratives of events set in the past. The
3245:
3235:
3134:
2569:
2525:
2443:
1277:
865:
381:
7409:
7384:: these are read aloud in synagogue, each at a particular point in the yearly Holiday cycle.
6493:
3910:
in Judges 5 may reflect older oral traditions. It features archaic elements of Hebrew and a
11263:
11183:
10895:
10808:
10718:
10484:
10371:
10206:
10046:
9882:
9872:
9375:
8347:
8085:
7169:
6320:
6252:
5728:
5624:
5125:
5045:
4497:
4237:
4149:
3781:
3436:
3185:
3171:
3086:
2993:
2920:
2590:
2500:
2433:
1588:
1422:
1400:
1356:
1288:
1049:
846:
561:
146:
7239:
7051:
Revivalistics: From the Genesis of Israeli to Language Reclamation in Australia and Beyond
5338:. According to a modern source, the number of books may be related to the division of the
3663:, which they conquer after five years. For the next 470 years, the Israelites were led by
8:
11205:
11170:
10967:
10646:
10429:
10399:
10265:
10200:
10137:
10082:
9530:
9498:
9424:
9333:
9279:
8886:
8686:
8420:
8385:
8148:
8090:
8080:
8060:
7750:
7224:
7173:
7122:
6974:
6938:
5583:
5255:
5194:
4966:
4329:) are also counted as a single book. In Hebrew, the books are often referred to by their
4233:
4165:
4144:
3882:
3773:
3738:
3664:
3647:
3578:
3563:
3215:
3210:
3195:
3176:
3111:
3106:
2899:
2634:
2455:
2146:
1919:
1755:
1434:
1003:
743:
694:
624:
246:
6094:
5185:
Besides the three poetic books and the five scrolls, the remaining books in Ketuvim are
11097:
11012:
10818:
10813:
10775:
10698:
10661:
10641:
10571:
10272:
9862:
9857:
9668:
9390:
9267:
9262:
9247:
9217:
9170:
9093:
8999:
8859:
8432:
8337:
8304:
8095:
8030:
8005:
7951:
7912:
7590:
7551:
7515:
7479:
7443:
7438:
7244:
6279:
5636:
5632:
5411:
5383:
5335:
4010:
3927:
3826:
3822:
3817:. In later biblical texts, such as Daniel 9:11 and Ezra 3:2, it is referred to as the "
3776:
in 722 BCE. The Kingdom of Judah survived for longer, but it was conquered by the
3606:
3319:
3301:
3260:
3076:
2895:
2789:
2779:
2515:
1845:
1659:
1622:
1514:
1462:
1392:
1384:
1308:
1116:
1029:
998:
336:
281:
9145:
9021:
3934:
that religious center. This means the Jacob cycle must be older than the time of King
3899:. During crises, these tribes formed temporary alliances. The Book of Judges, written
3396:) as a substitute for less-neutral terms with Jewish or Christian connotations (e.g.,
11298:
11107:
11102:
10875:
10785:
10728:
10549:
10539:
10389:
10294:
10188:
9646:
9577:
9459:
9444:
9227:
9098:
9063:
8352:
7821:
7803:
7760:
7730:
7689:
7655:
7347:
7103:
7055:
7018:
6994:
6854:
6798:
6602:
6500:
6451:
6421:
6369:
6324:
6309:(2001). "Introduction to the Old Testament". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.).
6240:
6131:
6045:
6011:
5978:
5967:
5850:
5448:
5435:
5190:
4868:
4834:
4368:
4316:
4095:
4091:
3876:
3814:
3684:
3644:
to guide their behavior. The law includes rules for both religious ritual and ethics
3640:, the Israelites wander in the wilderness for 40 years. God gives the Israelites the
3584:
3550:
writes that the Hebrew Bible was "the record of religious and cultural revolution".
3535:
3505:
3422:
3152:
3091:
2858:
1938:
1733:
1641:
1458:
1368:
1058:
924:
914:
684:
614:
441:
431:
226:
5266:
The Jewish textual tradition never finalized the order of the books in Ketuvim. The
3593:, showing that God is just even though evil and suffering are present in the world.
11283:
11178:
11160:
11092:
11080:
11038:
10977:
10962:
10853:
10741:
10534:
10479:
10459:
10439:
10169:
9712:
9680:
9641:
9612:
9595:
9545:
9346:
9155:
9088:
9041:
8989:
8957:
8948:
8933:
8807:
8782:
8758:
8642:
8573:
8490:
8357:
8216:
8010:
7722:
6316:
5842:
5687:
5612:
5547:
5539:
5531:
5238:
5198:
5002:
4817:
4643:
4062:
3825:, but this was before the development of Hebrew writing. The Torah is dated to the
3769:
3630:
3460:
3452:
3440:
3385:
3003:
2981:
2910:
2830:
2784:
2562:
2224:
2123:
1859:
1820:
1805:
1561:
1536:
1426:
1376:
1338:
1328:
1316:
1304:
1292:
1201:
1154:
1072:
909:
841:
792:
753:
709:
500:
426:
357:
120:
10258:
6990:
The Masorah of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia: Introduction and Annotated Glossary
6795:
The Old Testament: A Historical and Literary Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures
5422:
was published in 1917 by the Jewish Publication Society. It was replaced by their
3546:, but the Israelites rejected polytheism in favor of monotheism. Biblical scholar
1331:
11075:
11053:
11007:
10554:
10514:
10489:
10419:
10394:
10379:
10279:
10226:
10157:
10021:
9982:
9622:
9617:
9429:
9356:
9189:
9160:
9083:
9073:
9036:
9011:
8827:
8822:
8817:
8802:
8797:
8787:
8772:
8563:
8480:
8447:
8405:
8395:
7927:
7904:
7754:
7326:
Tova joined the .. faculty this fall as a Nach teacher .. High School for Girls.
7181:
6953:
6948:
6596:
6445:
6413:
6363:
6359:
6310:
6262:
6142:
5796:
5708:
5640:
5456:
5320:
5289:
5275:
4932:
4885:
4749:
4660:
4596:
4572:
4508:
4440:
4389:
4276:
4195:
4170:
Whoever brings together in his house more than twenty four books brings confusion
4128:
4032:
3954:
3907:
3831:
3707:
3547:
3493:
3481:
3456:
2662:
2607:
2460:
2368:
2262:
1815:
1607:
1572:
1480:
1454:
1415:
1372:
1312:
1281:
1249:
1228:
1181:
929:
889:
851:
817:
733:
689:
674:
446:
406:
367:
312:
236:
206:
115:
7608:
Song of Songs ... was entirely profane .. could not have been written by Solomon
5789:
1345:(7th to 10th century CE), which consists of 24 books, divided into chapters and
665:
11311:
11293:
11227:
10890:
10885:
10880:
10836:
10637:
10632:
10627:
10607:
10583:
10544:
10494:
10474:
10444:
10424:
10409:
10404:
10384:
10350:
10245:
10112:
9969:
9926:
9901:
9722:
9629:
9587:
9567:
9555:
9535:
9449:
9439:
9407:
9400:
9380:
9351:
9323:
9318:
9284:
9194:
9118:
9108:
9046:
8844:
8792:
8703:
8698:
8460:
8455:
8390:
8319:
8241:
8211:
8015:
7189:
7165:
6933:
6790:
6123:
5723:
5679:
5620:
5571:
5278:
5217:
5186:
5169:
5053:
4851:
4626:
4589:
4555:
4538:
4493:
4488:, "Prophets") is the second main division of the Tanakh, between the Torah and
4406:
4181:
4157:
4139:
4124:
4080:
4058:
3835:
3789:
3715:
3527:
3501:
3485:
3444:
3225:
3101:
2915:
2706:
2677:
2611:
2550:
2324:
2119:
2008:
1914:
1810:
1686:
1674:
1617:
1600:
1567:
1430:
1360:
1342:
1320:
1296:
1272:
have maintained different versions of the canon, including the 3rd-century BCE
1245:
994:
989:
984:
964:
919:
856:
836:
758:
738:
723:
718:
679:
604:
581:
436:
347:
322:
302:
292:
216:
7726:
5880:
5846:
5590:
literature, the classical medieval commentators, and modern-day commentaries.
4928:
4275:
The number of distinct words in the Hebrew Bible is 8,679, of which 1,480 are
11471:
11058:
10867:
10736:
10602:
10529:
10524:
10519:
10499:
10469:
10367:
10075:
10068:
10060:
10028:
9990:
9695:
9540:
9467:
9274:
9208:
9181:
9130:
9078:
9051:
9026:
9016:
8777:
8723:
8657:
8637:
8627:
8622:
8595:
8541:
8470:
8415:
7991:
7987:
7278:
7205:
7161:
6441:
5616:
5608:
5407:
5129:
5081:
5037:
5031:
4800:
4783:
4766:
4698:
4066:
3998:
3989:. The city of Dan probably became an Israelite city during the reign of King
3962:
3795:
3656:
3567:
3402:
2749:
2744:
2376:
2291:
1800:
1700:
1664:
1530:
1450:
1446:
1380:
1067:
959:
904:
899:
894:
874:
827:
802:
648:
541:
524:
421:
416:
411:
391:
38:
7146:"The Twenty-Four Books of the Hebrew Bible and Alexandrian Scribal Methods,"
7110:
6196:"From Hebrew Bible to Christian Bible: Jews, Christians and the Word of God"
5327:
there were 27 books, corresponding to the alphabet with final letter forms (
4965:
These three books are also the only ones in Tanakh with a special system of
11316:
11216:
11145:
11047:
10509:
10504:
10464:
10434:
10414:
10220:
10180:
10015:
9675:
9434:
9395:
8984:
8728:
8667:
8647:
8607:
8590:
8558:
8546:
8507:
8425:
8400:
8245:
7718:
7339:
5604:
5480:
5285:
5234:
5147:
5103:
5049:
5041:
4732:
4715:
4312:
4308:
4280:
4220:
school, based on the oral tradition for reading the Tanakh, hence the name
3958:
3818:
3754:
3641:
3543:
3448:
3341:
2957:
2952:
2941:
2763:
2510:
2505:
2450:
2329:
2234:
2194:
2141:
2095:
1899:
1324:
1269:
1106:
884:
879:
797:
773:
748:
728:
571:
551:
401:
396:
99:
72:
5834:
11199:
10795:
10713:
10708:
10622:
10617:
10449:
10123:
10106:
9938:
9685:
9200:
9125:
9103:
9006:
8600:
8529:
8524:
8512:
8502:
7870:
7581:
6663:
5822:
5769:
See Exodus 17:14, 24:4, 34:28; Numbers 33:2; and Deuteronomy 31:9, 31:22.
5652:
5619:
is the same as the Hebrew Bible, but the books are arranged differently.
5019:
4922:
4457:
4225:
4201:
3990:
3857:
3703:
3668:
3497:
2136:
1593:
1404:
1044:
1039:
979:
974:
782:
510:
11033:
7714:
7622:"Rabbi Hayyim Angel's 13th Book Is Compilation of Tanach-Related Topics"
7533:
Modern scholars have also unmoored ... Most unsettling to religious Jews
6062:
5999:
1542:
11188:
10301:
10100:
9779:
9486:
9068:
8662:
8410:
8332:
8040:
7185:
7107:
5555:
5551:
5463:
5430:
5399:
5367:
5324:
4469:
3918:
3853:
3746:
3734:
3676:
3637:
3622:
3531:
3523:
3280:
2930:
2728:
2619:
2381:
2131:
1924:
1719:
1489:
1445:
There are many similarities between the Hebrew Bible and the Christian
1396:
1388:
1359:, as the Jews decided which religious texts were of divine origin; the
1273:
1257:
264:
153:
3534:, a people who lived within the cultural and religious context of the
10703:
10319:
10251:
10237:
9700:
9165:
9056:
8967:
8585:
8519:
6687:
6598:
The Making of the Bible: From the First Fragments to Sacred Scripture
5923:"Controversy lurks as scholars try to work out Bible's original text"
5651:. The Septuagint was influential on early Christianity as it was the
5559:
4423:
4205:
4189:
4132:
3839:
3730:
3489:
2349:
2048:
1894:
1871:
1364:
1300:
1034:
8536:
6601:. Translated by Lewis, Peter. Harvard University Press. p. 44.
5607:
has long asserted a close relationship between the Hebrew Bible and
4291:
The Tanakh consists of twenty-four books, counting as one book each
4283:, on which many of these biblical words are based, is roughly 2000.
4279:, words or expressions that occur only once. The number of distinct
11210:
10780:
10767:
10746:
10693:
10688:
10094:
9419:
9361:
9306:
9301:
8972:
8258:
7209:
7201:
5085:
4296:
4292:
4217:
4002:
3986:
3982:
3970:
3950:
3838:. In these stories, Israelite ancestors such as Jacob or Moses use
3726:
3719:
3688:
3590:
3570:
as an eternal possession. The God of the covenant is also a God of
3512:
2935:
2406:
2391:
2354:
2344:
2339:
2204:
2090:
2043:
2029:
1886:
1835:
1654:
1627:
1418:
1284:
1077:
1024:
1019:
6891:
5374:
portions of Tanakh. Nach is often referred to as its own subject,
4102:
11222:
11087:
10131:
9634:
9518:
9513:
9503:
9491:
9311:
9296:
9240:
9175:
9150:
9113:
8977:
8652:
8551:
8475:
8367:
8293:
7177:
6987:
Kelley, Page H.; Mynatt, Daniel S.; Crawford, Timothy G. (1998).
5893:"Scholars seek Hebrew Bible's original text – but was there one?"
5587:
5579:
5543:
5371:
5343:
5316:
5281:
5107:
4897:
4489:
4330:
4304:
4300:
4084:
4006:
3974:
3780:
in 586 BCE. The Temple was destroyed, and many Judeans were
3750:
3711:
3610:
3147:
2947:
2733:
2623:
2603:
2490:
2396:
2314:
2219:
2209:
2164:
2024:
2019:
1990:
1978:
1946:
1825:
1792:
1776:
1771:
1761:
1724:
1522:
1265:
1261:
464:
94:
1403:. According to the Dutch–Israeli biblical scholar and linguist
11193:
11070:
10454:
10163:
10151:
10088:
10008:
9705:
9572:
9508:
7213:
6747:
6711:
6699:
6651:
5827:"The Myth of the Stabilization of the Text of Hebrew Scripture"
5519:
5447:, Hebrew with English translation, Mesorah Publications, 1996,
5403:
5382:
book of Joshua, the book of Judges, and the Five Megillot. See
5312:
5267:
5151:
4985:
4209:
4153:
4043:
3935:
3923:
3672:
3660:
3142:
2925:
2495:
2386:
2334:
2319:
2309:
2304:
2277:
2272:
2255:
2229:
2214:
2199:
2174:
2169:
2085:
2038:
2013:
1995:
1909:
1904:
1881:
1840:
1830:
1766:
1743:
1738:
1475:
1347:
787:
490:
5831:
The Text of the Hebrew Bible: From the Rabbis to the Masoretes
5829:. In Martín-Contreras, Elvira; Miralles Maciá, Lorena (eds.).
3945:), who pushed for the centralization of worship at Jerusalem.
1207:
11332:
10354:
10145:
10034:
9996:
9656:
9651:
9605:
9560:
9481:
9476:
8740:
8495:
8465:
7974:
7898:
7877:(1948; trans. by Bernhard Anderson; Atlanta: Scholars, 1981).
7802:(First, hardback ed.). London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
6420:(3rd ed.). Minneapolis, US: Fortress Press. p. 13.
5527:
5339:
5173:
4959:
4504:). Their distribution is not chronological, but substantive.
4342:
4185:
4119:
4039:
3914:
that identifies Israel exclusively with the northern tribes.
3699:
3618:
3614:
3477:
3414:, which is the standard for major academic journals like the
2723:
2685:
2615:
2594:
2401:
2299:
2248:
2241:
2105:
2100:
2080:
2075:
2070:
1985:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1956:
1951:
1876:
1748:
1714:
1494:
1470:
1387:
produced a Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible called "the
1253:
1236:
1219:
1189:
1169:
1160:
189:
7943:
7274:"Who's Afraid of Change? Rethinking the Yeshivah Curriculum"
7261:.. classes in Chumash, Nach, Practical Halacha, Tefilla, ...
6759:
6735:
6675:
6627:
6615:
6275:"Scanning an Ancient Biblical Text That Humans Fear to Open"
5951:
Isaac Leo Seeligmann, Robert Hanhart, Hermann Spieckermann:
4083:
refers to "the Law of Moses, the prophets, and the psalms" (
3966:
Israel, even though their story came to be claimed by all."
9755:
8289:
7895:
Judaica Press Translation of Tanakh with Rashi's commentary
6723:
6639:
4047:
3764:(also known as the Kingdom of Samaria) with its capital at
3680:
3558:
2485:
2000:
1172:
37:
This article is about the Jewish text. For other uses, see
6826:
5833:. Journal of Ancient Judaism: Supplements. Vol. 103.
5495:
and was the first Bible published in modern Israel in 1962
1337:
The authoritative form of the modern Hebrew Bible used in
7908:
6200:
5510:
3760:
After Solomon's death, the united kingdom split into the
1311:. The current edition of the Masoretic Text is mostly in
7574:
7502:
7430:
6573:
6471:
6469:
6467:
4127:, which became the authoritative version of the Tanakh.
3636:
Jacob's descendants lived in Egypt for 430 years. After
7439:"Irreconcilable Differences in Bible's Interpretations"
7044:
6816:
6814:
6797:(4th ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 4–5.
4054:) of Moses that the Lord the God of Israel had given".
3792:. Between 520 and 515 BCE, the Temple was rebuilt
7937:
7665:
7466:
6915:
6382:
6342:
6340:
5655:
translation of the Hebrew Bible primarily used by the
5627:
contain books not included in the Hebrew Bible called
5334:
The count of 24 was said to be equal to the number of
4365:"Five fifth-sections of the Torah") and informally as
1497:), but also with the other books of the Hebrew Bible.
6849:. In McDonald, Lee Martin; Sanders, James A. (eds.).
6847:"The Jewish Scriptural Canon in Cultural Perspective"
6771:
6561:
6513:
6464:
4135:
added vowel markings to the text to ensure accuracy.
1213:
1166:
6986:
6811:
6394:
5953:
The Septuagint Version of Isaiah and Cognate Studies
5669:
5534:
commentary are the major commentaries for the Nach.
4156:, much of the Tanakh was compiled by the men of the
3671:. They continued to trouble Israel when the prophet
3625:. The children of Jacob become the ancestors of the
3566:. As part of the covenant, God gives his people the
1216:
1157:
7538:
6903:
6337:
1210:
1204:
1163:
7366:covered in or before 8th grade (so it is a review)
7337:
7296:know little Nach, are unexcited by the study of ..
6882:Judaism and Christianity in the Age of Constantine
6549:
6537:
6525:
6492:
5966:
3691:king. This inaugurates the united monarchy of the
7544:
6886:Midrash in Context: Exegesis in Formative Judaism
6450:(2nd ed.). Wiley Blackwell. pp. 52–53.
5578:", discusses Jewish Tanakh commentaries from the
5526:The major commentary used for the Chumash is the
4270:
2629:The three-part division reflected in the acronym
1469:, which are not included in the Hebrew Bible. In
1379:24 books that they considered authoritative. The
11469:
7040:
7038:
6229:Alexander, Patrick H; et al., eds. (1999).
5714:New Jewish Publication Society of America Tanakh
5546:. Some classical rabbinic commentators, such as
4682:, "The Twelve"), which are considered one book:
3605:. Genesis 12–50 traces Israelite origins to the
77:Complete set of scrolls, constituting the Tanakh
7686:The Bible in English: its history and influence
7472:
7436:
6965:(Bava Batra 14b–15a, Rashi to Megillah 3a, 14a)
5635:. These books were removed when a slimmed-down
5514:Hebrew bible (Tanakh) in the collection of the
4935:. Collectively, these three books are known as
1391:", that included books later identified as the
7840:Sinai and Zion: An Entry into the Jewish Bible
7619:
7306:
7304:
6765:
6753:
6741:
6717:
6705:
6693:
6681:
6657:
6633:
6621:
6591:
3420:and conservative Protestant journals like the
1295:, and most recently the 10th-century medieval
10335:
9954:
8274:
7959:
7128:An Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek
7035:
6897:
6832:
6789:
4931:in the verses, which are a function of their
4175:
3581:, including social justice and ritual purity
3359:
2570:
1399:produced their own edition of the Torah, the
1124:
133:8th/7th centuries BCE – 2nd/1st centuries BCE
30:"Tanakh" redirects here. For other uses, see
7842:(San Francisco: Harper San Francisco, 1985).
7756:Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years
7688:. New Haven (Conn.): Yale university press.
7086:
6000:"Reconsidering the Roman Catholic Apocrypha"
5802:Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
5593:
5249:
5243:
5228:
5222:
5211:
5205:
5163:
5157:
5141:
5135:
5119:
5113:
5097:
5091:
5075:
5069:
5057:
5013:
5007:
4996:
4990:
4979:
4973:
4953:
4948:
4942:
4936:
4908:
4902:
4879:
4873:
4862:
4856:
4845:
4839:
4828:
4822:
4811:
4805:
4794:
4788:
4777:
4771:
4760:
4754:
4743:
4737:
4726:
4720:
4709:
4703:
4692:
4686:
4677:
4671:
4654:
4648:
4637:
4631:
4620:
4614:
4605:
4600:
4583:
4577:
4566:
4560:
4549:
4543:
4532:
4526:
4517:
4512:
4483:
4478:
4451:
4445:
4434:
4428:
4417:
4411:
4400:
4394:
4383:
4377:
4366:
4360:
4354:
4348:
4324:
4259:
4250:
4241:
3784:. In 539 BCE, Babylon was conquered by
2641:was not used. Instead, the proper title was
144:
9763:Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation
7580:
7508:
7301:
7131:. Cambridge: Macmillan and Co. p. 200.
6956:) Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society.
5719:Non-canonical books referenced in the Bible
5600:Development of the Christian Biblical canon
5479:, a 1981 translation of the Torah by Rabbi
4118:, the result of centuries of hand-copying.
10342:
10328:
9968:
9961:
9947:
8281:
8267:
8039:
7966:
7952:
7749:
7234:
7232:
7140:
7138:
5817:
5815:
5813:
5811:
3808:
3710:), the kingdom is divided between his son
3667:. In time, a new enemy emerged called the
3366:
3352:
2577:
2563:
1131:
1117:
10055:(Roman Catholicism, Eastern Christianity)
7654:, Oxford: Blackwell, 2011, pp. 120, 123.
7180:Ki Tisa 16:2, Korach 12:1, Vayelech 1:1;
7152:(JSRC 16), Leiden: Brill 2012, pp. 221–44
7013:
6838:
6315:. Oxford University Press. pp. 8–9.
6228:
4192:written with some applied vowel letters (
3522:A central theme throughout the Tanakh is
8310:Index of Jewish history-related articles
7569:watered-down Judaism soon turns to water
7545:Natalie Gittelson (September 30, 1984).
6870:
5997:
5690:, formal list of Jewish 613 commandments
5509:
4913:, "Writings") consists of eleven books.
4101:
9809:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
8446:
8056:Allegorical interpretation of the Bible
7794:
7683:
7671:
7644:
7229:
7135:
7099:
7097:
6921:
6820:
6777:
6579:
6567:
6519:
6487:
6475:
6412:
5808:
5036:The five relatively short books of the
4224:. It also included some innovations of
27:Core group of ancient Hebrew scriptures
14:
11470:
10349:
7928:A Guide to Reading Nevi'im and Ketuvim
7897:Free online translation of Tanakh and
7437:Peter Steinfels (September 15, 2007).
6844:
6400:
6388:
6346:
6305:
6256:: Questions Regarding Digital Editions
6162:
5973:(1st ed.). Random House. p.
5964:
5933:from the original on 25 September 2015
5499:
4208:created a single formalized system of
10323:
9942:
8262:
7947:
7882:The Old Testament: A Literary History
7451:from the original on February 1, 2020
7121:
7054:. New York: Oxford University Press.
6672:, pp. 37–38, 45, 42–49 & 54.
6358:
6044:Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH, 31.12.2015
6022:from the original on 16 February 2023
5530:commentary. The Rashi commentary and
5306:Development of the Hebrew Bible canon
4941:(an acronym of the titles in Hebrew,
4027:Development of the Hebrew Bible canon
3953:) shows similarities to the birth of
3917:By the 9th or 8th centuries BCE, the
3842:and deception to survive and thrive.
3834:, and the Book of Exodus may reflect
3788:of Persia, who allowed the exiles to
11339:
8288:
7884:(Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2012).
7875:A History of Pentateuchal Traditions
7852:Biblical Archaeology Review (online)
7833:The Canonization of Hebrew Scripture
7711:Hebrew Bible, Greek Bible, and Quran
7547:"American Jews Rediscover Orthodoxy"
7094:
6909:
6729:
6669:
6645:
6555:
6543:
6531:
6440:
6368:. Yale University Press. p. 3.
6321:10.1093/acref/9780198755005.001.0001
6235:. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson. p.
6193:
6075:from the original on 27 January 2021
5434:, Jewish Publication Society, 1985,
5384:Yeshiva § Torah and Bible study
5084:, also known as Song of Solomon (on
4131:was written without vowels, but the
4116:textual variants in the Hebrew Bible
3471:
2618:(literally 'Instruction' or 'Law'),
1407:, professor of Bible Studies at the
11274:Other books referenced in the Bible
11233:New Testament manuscript categories
7845:
7708:
7620:Mitchell First (January 11, 2018).
7487:from the original on March 27, 2010
7410:"NACH – Shai LaMorah – All Volumes"
7240:"Guide to Israel Schools (Tiferet)"
5821:
5250:
5229:
5212:
5164:
5142:
5120:
5098:
5076:
5014:
4997:
4980:
4954:
4943:
4909:
4880:
4863:
4846:
4829:
4812:
4795:
4778:
4761:
4744:
4727:
4710:
4693:
4672:
4655:
4638:
4621:
4601:
4584:
4567:
4550:
4533:
4513:
4479:
4456:, literally "Things" or "Words") –
4452:
4435:
4418:
4401:
4384:
4361:
4349:
4325:
4260:
4251:
4242:
4020:
4009:psalm found in the 4th century BCE
3870:
1484:
24:
10804:Testaments of the Three Patriarchs
9756:YIVO Institute for Jewish Research
9736:American Jewish Historical Society
7788:
7632:from the original on April 8, 2023
7598:from the original on June 23, 2020
7523:from the original on June 25, 2020
7509:David Plotz (September 16, 2007).
7346:. Moznaim Publishing Corporation.
7168:13:15, 14:4, 14:18, 15:22, 18:21;
6880:, 2002, p. 5, cited are Neusner's
5969:Understanding the Dead Sea Scrolls
5299:
4439:, literally "In the desert of") –
4388:, literally "In the beginning") –
3997:BCE). Before then, it belonged to
3540:religions of the ancient Near East
3388:scholars advocate use of the term
1487:) is identified not only with the
25:
11504:
8111:Internal consistency of the Bible
7888:
7759:. Penguin Books. pp. 66–69.
7497:human rather than divine document
7473:Michael Massing (March 9, 2002).
7425:Description. Nach metzudos on ...
6287:from the original on July 6, 2019
6126:of the Biblical text, and in the
5783:
5396:Jewish English Bible translations
4050:as "a scribe skilled in the law (
3887:hill country of modern-day Israel
11450:
11433:
11416:
11399:
11382:
11365:
11348:
9920:
9907:
9906:
7559:from the original on May 1, 2020
6853:. Baker Academic. p. PT66.
6418:Introduction to the Hebrew Bible
5672:
5576:Jewish commentaries on the Bible
5506:Jewish commentaries on the Bible
4958:, which is also the Hebrew for "
3815:authorship of the Torah to Moses
3698:An officer in Saul's army named
3530:. The Tanakh was created by the
3380:Biblia Hebraica (disambiguation)
3335:
2692:
2614:'s three traditional divisions:
2544:
1541:
1535:
1529:
1200:
1153:
164:
138:
71:
47:Hebrew Bible: A Critical Edition
11289:Biblical and Quranic narratives
7848:"Searching for the Better Text"
7773:from the original on 2023-04-08
7743:
7702:
7677:
7613:
7416:from the original on 2020-06-25
7402:
7388:
7369:
7360:
7331:
7317:from the original on 2020-06-21
7287:from the original on 2020-06-23
7266:
7252:from the original on 2020-06-22
7218:
7195:
7155:
7115:
7079:
7068:from the original on 2020-05-05
7007:
6993:. Wm. B. Eerdmans. p. 20.
6980:
6968:
6959:
6927:
6783:
6585:
6481:
6434:
6406:
6352:
6299:
6267:
6222:
6208:from the original on 2018-06-14
6187:
6175:from the original on 2019-12-06
6156:
6147:
6116:
6105:from the original on 2022-08-30
6087:
6055:
6034:
5903:from the original on 2016-11-05
5863:from the original on 2023-02-15
5763:
5704:Hebrew University Bible Project
5389:
5025:
4916:
4422:, literally "And He called") –
3940:
3862:
3500:) contains legal material. The
3429:Westminster Theological Journal
3331:Outline of Bible-related topics
2668:
2637:. During that period, however,
9828:Relations with other religions
7511:"Reading Is Believing, or Not"
6942:Vol. IV : Chapter XI Ezra
6793:; Chapman, Cynthia R. (2018).
6254:Society of Biblical Literature
6163:Safire, William (1997-05-25).
5998:Andersen, Alex (Spring 2019).
5991:
5958:
5945:
5915:
5885:
5874:
5746:
5491:is a Hebrew/English Tanakh by
5180:
5056:are collectively known as the
4405:, literally "The names of") –
4271:Number of different words used
4069:. The Book of Daniel, written
3943: 640 – 609 BCE
3803:
3553:According to biblical scholar
3408:Society of Biblical Literature
3040:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
1500:
1409:Hebrew University of Jerusalem
43:Bible translations into Hebrew
13:
1:
9815:Encyclopedia of the Holocaust
7973:
6499:. Penguin Books. p. 38.
5734:
5261:
4070:
3900:
3889:
3846:
3813:Religious tradition ascribes
3167:Historical-grammatical method
9746:Leo Baeck Institute New York
9741:American Sephardi Federation
7475:"New Torah For Modern Minds"
7376:Esther, Rus, Shir HaShirim,
5699:Genocide in the Hebrew Bible
5643:out of cost considerations.
5516:Jewish Museum of Switzerland
3596:
3511:Other books are examples of
2665:, they are interchangeable.
1237:
1190:
7:
8569:Constantinopolitan Karaites
8066:The Bible and homosexuality
7938:Tanakh Hebrew Bible Project
7835:(Hamden, CT: Archon, 1976).
7087:
6312:The Oxford Bible Commentary
6136:Research Query: Tanakh/תנ״ך
6068:Online Etymology Dictionary
5955:, Tübingen 2004, pp. 33–34.
5665:
5244:
5223:
5206:
5158:
5136:
5114:
5092:
5070:
5058:
5008:
4991:
4974:
4949:
4937:
4903:
4874:
4857:
4840:
4823:
4806:
4789:
4772:
4755:
4738:
4721:
4704:
4687:
4678:
4649:
4632:
4615:
4606:
4578:
4561:
4544:
4527:
4518:
4484:
4446:
4429:
4412:
4395:
4378:
4367:
4355:
4212:. This was chiefly done by
4138:Rabbi and Talmudic scholar
3793:
3714:and David (David ruled his
3645:
3601:The Tanakh begins with the
3582:
3455:, which was adopted as the
1365:Jewish scribes and scholars
1252:scriptures, comprising the
1194:), also known in Hebrew as
10:
11509:
11269:English Bible translations
10657:Song of the Three Children
9797:National Library of Israel
8438:Zionism, race and genetics
7586:"The Bible's Inspired Art"
7148:, in: M.R. Niehoff (ed.),
6845:Davies, Philip R. (2001).
6766:Schmid & Schröter 2021
6754:Schmid & Schröter 2021
6742:Schmid & Schröter 2021
6718:Schmid & Schröter 2021
6706:Schmid & Schröter 2021
6694:Schmid & Schröter 2021
6682:Schmid & Schröter 2021
6658:Schmid & Schröter 2021
6634:Schmid & Schröter 2021
6622:Schmid & Schröter 2021
5839:Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
5639:was mass-produced by free
5597:
5503:
5493:Koren Publishers Jerusalem
5393:
5303:
5029:
4920:
4895:
4891:
4467:
4463:
4340:
4184:of the Hebrew text was an
4176:Language and pronunciation
4024:
4005:is nearly identical to an
3874:
3762:northern Kingdom of Israel
3655:God leads Israel into the
3603:Genesis creation narrative
3466:
3451:), written and printed in
3417:Harvard Theological Review
3377:
3162:Allegorical interpretation
2588:
1309:Judaism throughout history
36:
29:
11483:Ancient Jewish literature
11307:
11251:
11169:
11123:
11021:
10866:
10829:
10794:
10765:
10727:
10672:
10579:
10563:
10361:
10236:
10179:
10122:
9981:
9895:
9751:Yeshiva University Museum
9731:Center for Jewish History
9721:
9586:
9458:
9332:
9226:
8757:
8376:
8318:
8300:
8235:
8204:
8196:Witchcraft and divination
8136:
8048:
8037:
7998:
7981:
7727:10.1628/978-3-16-151454-8
6898:Coogan & Chapman 2018
6833:Coogan & Chapman 2018
6595:; Schröter, Jens (2021).
6365:Introduction to the Bible
6232:The SBL Handbook of Style
5965:Shanks, Herschel (1992).
5897:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
5847:10.13109/9783666550645.37
5594:Influence on Christianity
5488:The Koren Jerusalem Bible
5455:, named after benefactor
5445:Tanach: The Stone Edition
4214:Aaron ben Moses ben Asher
4162:Anshei K'nesset HaGedolah
2626:(Writings)—hence TaNaKh.
1505:
1315:, with a few passages in
1232:
1185:
623:
613:
603:
580:
570:
560:
550:
540:
509:
499:
489:
366:
356:
346:
321:
311:
301:
291:
245:
235:
225:
215:
205:
145:
137:
129:
108:
87:
82:
70:
60:
59:
54:
10195:Luther's Large Catechism
10037:(Judaism, Christianity)
8343:Ancient Israel and Judah
8021:Historicity of the Bible
7820:, Harper and Row, 1974.
6876:McDonald & Sanders,
4336:
4286:
4204:, scholars known as the
3443:(mostly in the books of
3052:Novum Testamentum Graece
2854:Composition of the Torah
2633:is well attested in the
1264:. Different branches of
11131:Intertestamental period
8719:North African Sephardim
8692:Jewish tribes of Arabia
8026:Chronology of the Bible
7684:Daniell, David (2003).
7398:. Shai LaMora "Eshkol".
6939:The Legends of the Jews
6732:, pp. 45 & 54.
6696:, pp. 71 & 73.
6648:, pp. 51 & 56.
6165:"The New Old Testament"
6016:Southeastern University
6004:Classical Conversations
5625:Eastern Orthodox Bibles
5350:
4356:Chamisha Chumshei Torah
4238:the revelation at Sinai
3809:Traditional attribution
3627:twelve tribes of Israel
32:Tanakh (disambiguation)
11115:Apocalyptic literature
10752:Paralipomena of Baruch
10115:(Eastern Christianity)
9822:Holocaust Encyclopedia
9792:Jewish Virtual Library
8106:Criticism of the Bible
8101:Muhammad and the Bible
8071:The Bible and violence
5629:Deuterocanonical books
5567:Modern Orthodox Jewish
5523:
5315:and numerous works of
5296:are listed together).
4111:
3517:apocalyptic literature
3315:Criticism of the Bible
3058:Documentary hypothesis
2606:, made from the first
1467:Deuterocanonical books
1433:, and quotations from
1353:Hebrew Bible developed
1083:Paralipomena of Baruch
11279:Additional Scriptures
11243:New Testament uncials
10214:Book of Common Prayer
9769:Encyclopaedia Judaica
9551:Sefer Raziel HaMalakh
8736:Sephardic Bnei Anusim
8486:Udmurt and Tatar Jews
8116:Biblical hermeneutics
8076:The Bible and slavery
7816:Kuntz, John Kenneth.
7800:A History of the Jews
7709:Tov, Emanuel (2008).
7023:. G. Keith. pp.
6900:, pp. 5 & 7.
5513:
5394:Further information:
5030:Further information:
4921:Further information:
4668:Twelve Minor Prophets
4331:prominent first words
4321:Twelve Minor Prophets
4222:Tiberian vocalization
4105:
3875:Further information:
3453:Aramaic square-script
3068:NT textual categories
2589:Further information:
1465:churches include the
1278:Second Temple Judaism
11488:Ancient Hebrew texts
11264:Bible version debate
11238:New Testament papyri
11184:Samaritan Pentateuch
10809:Testament of Abraham
10747:1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan
10207:Heidelberg Catechism
8348:Second Temple period
8154:Crime and punishment
8086:Alcohol in the Bible
8061:The Bible and ethics
7907:(Rabbinic Bible) at
7901:'s entire commentary
7751:MacCulloch, Diarmaid
7170:Song of Songs Rabbah
7123:Swete, Henry Barclay
6495:A History of Judaism
5729:Weekly Torah portion
5694:929: Tanakh B'yachad
4502:"period of prophecy"
4498:Babylonian captivity
4258:) and cantillation (
4200:). During the early
4150:Second Temple period
4046::6, which describes
3819:Torah (Law) of Moses
3579:ethical requirements
3015:Internal consistency
2921:Samaritan Pentateuch
2591:Hebrew abbreviations
1493:(the five books of
1435:rabbinic manuscripts
1423:Samaritan Pentateuch
1401:Samaritan Pentateuch
1357:Second Temple Period
1303:, currently used in
1289:Samaritan Pentateuch
1246:canonical collection
1078:1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan
11206:Muratorian fragment
11141:New Testament canon
11136:Old Testament canon
11029:Chapters and verses
10647:Additions to Daniel
10613:Additions to Esther
10310:(Roman Catholicism)
10266:Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya
10229:(Roman Catholicism)
10223:(Roman Catholicism)
10201:Augsburg Confession
10172:(Roman Catholicism)
10160:(Roman Catholicism)
10083:Nag Hammadi library
9993:(Egyptian religion)
9786:Jewish Encyclopedia
9531:Hekhalot literature
9342:Religious movements
8877:Judeo-Tripolitanian
8091:Ethics in the Bible
8081:The Bible and humor
7584:(October 3, 1982).
7312:"Tova .. our new ."
7174:Ecclesiastes Rabbah
7046:Zuckermann, Ghil'ad
6884:, pp. 128–145, and
6283:. January 5, 2018.
5927:The Times of Israel
5584:rabbinic literature
5500:Jewish commentaries
5376:separate from Torah
4152:. According to the
4145:Legends of the Jews
3739:Ark of the Covenant
3725:David captures the
3648:Ethics in the Bible
3577:The Tanakh imposes
2849:New Testament canon
2844:Old Testament canon
2772:Chapters and verses
2635:rabbinic literature
2456:Abrahamic religions
2355:Selichot (S'lichot)
2147:Bar and bat mitzvah
1650:Principles of faith
1004:Additions to Daniel
970:Additions to Esther
10819:Testament of Jacob
10814:Testament of Isaac
10699:Prayer of Manasseh
10662:Bel and the Dragon
10642:Letter of Jeremiah
10273:Liber AL vel Legis
10097:(Greek polytheism)
10079:(Roman polytheism)
9927:Judaism portal
9863:Jews and Halloween
9858:Jews and Christmas
9248:Rabbinic authority
9000:Judaeo-Piedmontese
8433:Xueta Christianity
8338:Origins of Judaism
8305:Outline of Judaism
8096:Women in the Bible
8031:Biblical authority
8006:Biblical criticism
7652:Christian Theology
7650:McGrath, Alister,
7591:The New York Times
7552:The New York Times
7516:The New York Times
7480:The New York Times
7444:The New York Times
7245:Yeshiva University
6947:2020-03-13 at the
6791:Coogan, Michael D.
6280:The New York Times
6261:2016-03-04 at the
6169:The New York Times
6141:2019-07-18 at the
6122:It appears in the
6099:people.ucalgary.ca
6095:"Mikra'ot Gedolot"
5841:. pp. 37–46.
5795:2016-03-04 at the
5637:King James Version
5524:
5412:Bible translations
5358:, also anglicized
5336:priestly divisions
5251:דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים
4249:), pronunciation (
4114:There are various
4112:
4011:Papyrus Amherst 63
3827:1st millennium BCE
3823:2nd millennium BCE
3320:Biblical authority
3201:Capital punishment
3077:Biblical criticism
3046:Rahlfs' Septuagint
2750:New Testament (NT)
2745:Old Testament (OT)
2655:that which is read
2551:Judaism portal
2516:Holocaust theology
1385:Jews of Alexandria
1363:, compiled by the
1030:Prayer of Manasseh
999:Letter of Jeremiah
11330:
11329:
11299:Textual criticism
10862:
10861:
10786:Psalms of Solomon
10729:Orthodox Tewahedo
10317:
10316:
10295:The Satanic Bible
10189:Guru Granth Sahib
9936:
9935:
9902:extinct languages
9803:YIVO Encyclopedia
9578:Hebrew literature
9546:Sefer HaEtz Chaim
9386:Reconstructionist
9064:Judaeo-Portuguese
8753:
8752:
8709:Eastern Sephardim
8353:Synagogal Judaism
8256:
8255:
7932:chapter divisions
7846:Minkoff, Harvey.
7809:978-0-297-79091-4
7766:978-1-101-18999-3
7736:978-3-16-151454-8
7695:978-0-300-09930-0
7104:Babylonian Talmud
6860:978-1-4412-4163-4
6720:, pp. 76–79.
6708:, pp. 73–74.
6582:, pp. 13–14.
6506:978-1-846-14155-3
6427:978-1-5064-4598-4
6246:978-1-56563-487-9
6012:Lakeland, Florida
5856:978-3-525-55064-9
5660:Christian authors
5653:Hellenistic Greek
5613:Protestant Bibles
5077:שִׁיר הַשִּׁירִים
5062:(Five Megillot).
4944:איוב, משלי, תהלים
4230:Babylonian exiles
4096:Council of Jamnia
4092:Hasmonean dynasty
3969:Scholars believe
3957:, which suggests
3883:Canaanite dialect
3877:Tradition history
3782:exiled to Babylon
3768:and the southern
3693:Kingdom of Israel
3685:tribe of Benjamin
3623:male circumcision
3585:Tumah and taharah
3536:ancient Near East
3526:, worshiping one
3506:wisdom literature
3472:Genres and themes
3437:Second Temple era
3423:Bibliotheca Sacra
3412:Handbook of Style
3394:Hebrew Scriptures
3376:
3375:
3191:Conspiracy theory
3120:
3119:
2859:Mosaic authorship
2587:
2586:
1939:Important figures
1613:Reconstructionist
1463:Oriental Orthodox
1421:translation, the
1369:Early Middle Ages
1319:(in the books of
1141:
1140:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1059:Orthodox Tewahedo
985:Wisdom of Solomon
937:
936:
643:
642:
637:
636:
633:
632:
590:
589:
519:
518:
455:
454:
376:
375:
331:
330:
255:
254:
159:
158:
16:(Redirected from
11500:
11463:
11462:from Wikiversity
11455:
11454:
11453:
11446:
11438:
11437:
11436:
11429:
11421:
11420:
11419:
11412:
11404:
11403:
11402:
11395:
11387:
11386:
11385:
11378:
11370:
11369:
11368:
11361:
11353:
11352:
11351:
11341:
11179:Dead Sea Scrolls
11161:Dating the Bible
11039:Historical books
10676:Eastern Orthodox
10589:Eastern Orthodox
10577:
10576:
10570:
10344:
10337:
10330:
10321:
10320:
10170:Summa Theologica
10158:Ambrosian Hymnal
9963:
9956:
9949:
9940:
9939:
9925:
9924:
9923:
9910:
9909:
9042:Judeo-Golpaygani
8643:Palestinian Jews
8618:Alexandrian Jews
8574:Crimean Karaites
8491:Unterlander Jews
8444:
8443:
8358:Rabbinic Judaism
8283:
8276:
8269:
8260:
8259:
8121:African American
8043:
8011:Biblical studies
7968:
7961:
7954:
7945:
7944:
7880:Schmid, Konrad.
7867:
7865:
7863:
7858:on 14 March 2012
7854:. Archived from
7813:
7782:
7781:
7779:
7778:
7747:
7741:
7740:
7706:
7700:
7699:
7681:
7675:
7669:
7663:
7648:
7642:
7641:
7639:
7637:
7617:
7611:
7610:
7605:
7603:
7578:
7572:
7571:
7566:
7564:
7542:
7536:
7535:
7530:
7528:
7506:
7500:
7499:
7494:
7492:
7470:
7464:
7463:
7461:of divine origin
7458:
7456:
7434:
7428:
7427:
7422:
7421:
7406:
7400:
7399:
7392:
7386:
7373:
7367:
7364:
7358:
7357:
7353:978-1885-22007-3
7335:
7329:
7328:
7323:
7322:
7308:
7299:
7298:
7293:
7292:
7270:
7264:
7263:
7258:
7257:
7236:
7227:
7222:
7216:
7199:
7193:
7188:, Genesis 49:8;
7159:
7153:
7142:
7133:
7132:
7119:
7113:
7101:
7092:
7090:
7083:
7077:
7076:
7074:
7073:
7042:
7033:
7028:
7011:
7005:
7004:
6984:
6978:
6975:Midrash Qoheleth
6972:
6966:
6963:
6957:
6931:
6925:
6919:
6913:
6907:
6901:
6895:
6889:
6878:The Canon Debate
6874:
6868:
6867:
6851:The Canon Debate
6842:
6836:
6830:
6824:
6818:
6809:
6808:
6787:
6781:
6775:
6769:
6763:
6757:
6756:, p. 74–75.
6751:
6745:
6739:
6733:
6727:
6721:
6715:
6709:
6703:
6697:
6691:
6685:
6679:
6673:
6667:
6661:
6660:, p. 44–45.
6655:
6649:
6643:
6637:
6631:
6625:
6619:
6613:
6612:
6589:
6583:
6577:
6571:
6565:
6559:
6553:
6547:
6541:
6535:
6529:
6523:
6517:
6511:
6510:
6498:
6485:
6479:
6473:
6462:
6461:
6438:
6432:
6431:
6414:Collins, John J.
6410:
6404:
6398:
6392:
6391:, pp. 9–10.
6386:
6380:
6379:
6360:Hayes, Christine
6356:
6350:
6344:
6335:
6334:
6303:
6297:
6296:
6294:
6292:
6271:
6265:
6250:
6237:17 (section 4.3)
6226:
6220:
6219:
6214:
6213:
6194:Hamilton, Mark.
6191:
6185:
6183:
6181:
6180:
6160:
6154:
6151:
6145:
6120:
6114:
6113:
6111:
6110:
6091:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6080:
6059:
6053:
6038:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6027:
5995:
5989:
5988:
5972:
5962:
5956:
5949:
5943:
5942:
5940:
5938:
5919:
5913:
5912:
5910:
5908:
5889:
5883:
5878:
5872:
5871:
5869:
5868:
5819:
5806:
5787:
5770:
5767:
5761:
5750:
5688:613 commandments
5682:
5677:
5676:
5675:
5649:early Christians
5548:Abraham Ibn Ezra
5472:The Living Torah
5366:, refers to the
5364:
5363:
5253:
5252:
5247:
5232:
5231:
5226:
5215:
5214:
5209:
5167:
5166:
5161:
5145:
5144:
5139:
5123:
5122:
5117:
5101:
5100:
5095:
5079:
5078:
5073:
5061:
5017:
5016:
5011:
5000:
4999:
4994:
4983:
4982:
4977:
4957:
4956:
4952:
4946:
4945:
4940:
4912:
4911:
4906:
4883:
4882:
4877:
4866:
4865:
4860:
4849:
4848:
4843:
4832:
4831:
4826:
4815:
4814:
4809:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4781:
4780:
4775:
4764:
4763:
4758:
4747:
4746:
4741:
4730:
4729:
4724:
4713:
4712:
4707:
4696:
4695:
4690:
4681:
4675:
4674:
4658:
4657:
4652:
4641:
4640:
4635:
4624:
4623:
4618:
4609:
4607:Nevi'im Aharonim
4604:
4603:
4587:
4586:
4581:
4570:
4569:
4564:
4553:
4552:
4547:
4536:
4535:
4530:
4521:
4519:Nevi'im Rishonim
4516:
4515:
4487:
4482:
4481:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4421:
4420:
4415:
4404:
4403:
4398:
4387:
4386:
4381:
4372:
4364:
4363:
4362:חמישה חומשי תורה
4358:
4352:
4351:
4328:
4327:
4263:
4262:
4254:
4253:
4245:
4244:
4196:matres lectionis
4166:Midrash Koheleth
4075:
4072:
4063:Dead Sea Scrolls
4021:Fixing the canon
3996:
3944:
3942:
3905:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3871:Before the exile
3866:
3864:
3851:
3848:
3799:
3770:Kingdom of Judah
3651:
3588:
3461:Babylonian exile
3386:biblical studies
3368:
3361:
3354:
3342:Bible portal
3340:
3339:
3338:
3063:Synoptic problem
2987:
2986:
2982:Biblical studies
2911:Dead Sea scrolls
2872:Petrine epistles
2867:Pauline epistles
2696:
2673:
2672:
2649:, מקרא, meaning
2622:(Prophets), and
2579:
2572:
2565:
2549:
2548:
2547:
1821:Aruch HaShulchan
1545:
1539:
1533:
1510:
1509:
1486:
1459:Eastern Orthodox
1429:collection, the
1427:Dead Sea Scrolls
1371:, comprises the
1339:Rabbinic Judaism
1327:, and the verse
1317:Biblical Aramaic
1305:Rabbinic Judaism
1299:compiled by the
1293:Dead Sea Scrolls
1243:
1240:
1234:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1193:
1187:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1133:
1126:
1119:
954:
953:
950:
948:Deuterocanonical
824:
823:
820:
776:
712:
668:
659:
658:
653:
601:
600:
538:
537:
531:
487:
486:
478:
477:
473:
469:
344:
343:
289:
288:
278:
277:
273:
269:
203:
202:
198:
194:
184:
183:
178:
168:
161:
160:
150:
149:
142:
141:
121:Biblical Aramaic
75:
62:
52:
51:
21:
11508:
11507:
11503:
11502:
11501:
11499:
11498:
11497:
11468:
11467:
11466:
11456:
11451:
11449:
11439:
11434:
11432:
11428:from Wikisource
11422:
11417:
11415:
11405:
11400:
11398:
11388:
11383:
11381:
11371:
11366:
11364:
11360:from Wiktionary
11354:
11349:
11347:
11344:
11340:sister projects
11337:at Knowledge's
11331:
11326:
11303:
11247:
11165:
11156:Christian canon
11119:
11054:Prophetic books
11017:
10948:2 Thessalonians
10943:1 Thessalonians
10858:
10825:
10790:
10761:
10723:
10682:
10668:
10596:
10568:
10567:
10559:
10370:
10366:
10357:
10348:
10318:
10313:
10290:(Scientologist)
10280:Book of Shadows
10232:
10227:Roman Catechism
10209:(Protestantism)
10203:(Protestantism)
10175:
10118:
10047:Samaritan Torah
9977:
9970:Religious texts
9967:
9937:
9932:
9921:
9919:
9891:
9717:
9582:
9454:
9328:
9222:
9037:Judeo-Borujerdi
9012:Judeo-Malayalam
8958:Judeo-Aragonese
8929:Lishanid Noshan
8761:
8749:
8481:Oberlander Jews
8442:
8372:
8314:
8296:
8287:
8257:
8252:
8231:
8205:Christian Bible
8200:
8132:
8044:
8035:
7994:
7977:
7972:
7905:Mikraot Gedolot
7891:
7861:
7859:
7838:Levenson, Jon.
7810:
7791:
7789:Further reading
7786:
7785:
7776:
7774:
7767:
7748:
7744:
7737:
7707:
7703:
7696:
7682:
7678:
7670:
7666:
7649:
7645:
7635:
7633:
7618:
7614:
7601:
7599:
7579:
7575:
7562:
7560:
7543:
7539:
7526:
7524:
7507:
7503:
7490:
7488:
7471:
7467:
7454:
7452:
7435:
7431:
7419:
7417:
7408:
7407:
7403:
7394:
7393:
7389:
7374:
7370:
7365:
7361:
7354:
7344:The Living Nach
7336:
7332:
7320:
7318:
7310:
7309:
7302:
7290:
7288:
7272:
7271:
7267:
7255:
7253:
7238:
7237:
7230:
7223:
7219:
7200:
7196:
7182:Pesikta Rabbati
7160:
7156:
7143:
7136:
7120:
7116:
7102:
7095:
7084:
7080:
7071:
7069:
7062:
7043:
7036:
7012:
7008:
7001:
6985:
6981:
6973:
6969:
6964:
6960:
6954:Henrietta Szold
6952:(Translated by
6949:Wayback Machine
6934:Ginzberg, Louis
6932:
6928:
6924:, pp. 7–8.
6920:
6916:
6912:, pp. 6–7.
6908:
6904:
6896:
6892:
6875:
6871:
6861:
6843:
6839:
6831:
6827:
6819:
6812:
6805:
6788:
6784:
6776:
6772:
6764:
6760:
6752:
6748:
6740:
6736:
6728:
6724:
6716:
6712:
6704:
6700:
6692:
6688:
6680:
6676:
6668:
6664:
6656:
6652:
6644:
6640:
6632:
6628:
6620:
6616:
6609:
6590:
6586:
6578:
6574:
6566:
6562:
6554:
6550:
6542:
6538:
6530:
6526:
6518:
6514:
6507:
6489:Goodman, Martin
6486:
6482:
6474:
6465:
6458:
6439:
6435:
6428:
6411:
6407:
6399:
6395:
6387:
6383:
6376:
6357:
6353:
6345:
6338:
6331:
6304:
6300:
6290:
6288:
6273:
6272:
6268:
6263:Wayback Machine
6247:
6227:
6223:
6211:
6209:
6192:
6188:
6178:
6176:
6161:
6157:
6152:
6148:
6143:Wayback Machine
6121:
6117:
6108:
6106:
6093:
6092:
6088:
6078:
6076:
6061:
6060:
6056:
6039:
6035:
6025:
6023:
5996:
5992:
5985:
5963:
5959:
5950:
5946:
5936:
5934:
5921:
5920:
5916:
5906:
5904:
5891:
5890:
5886:
5879:
5875:
5866:
5864:
5857:
5820:
5809:
5797:Wayback Machine
5788:
5784:
5774:
5773:
5768:
5764:
5751:
5747:
5737:
5709:Mikraot Gedolot
5678:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5641:Bible societies
5621:Catholic Bibles
5602:
5596:
5540:Orthodox Jewish
5508:
5502:
5476:The Living Nach
5457:Irving I. Stone
5414:
5392:
5361:
5360:
5353:
5323:; according to
5321:Hebrew alphabet
5308:
5302:
5300:Number of books
5290:Leningrad Codex
5284:(including the
5264:
5183:
5059:Ḥamesh Megillot
5034:
5028:
4925:
4919:
4900:
4894:
4597:Latter Prophets
4509:Former Prophets
4472:
4466:
4345:
4339:
4289:
4273:
4236:to derive from
4178:
4073:
4038:Traditionally,
4033:John J. Collins
4029:
4023:
3994:
3955:Sargon of Akkad
3939:
3908:Song of Deborah
3903:
3897: 1000 BCE
3896:
3892:
3879:
3873:
3861:
3850: 1000 BCE
3849:
3836:oral traditions
3832:patriarchal age
3811:
3806:
3790:return to Judah
3786:Cyrus the Great
3749:). David's son
3708:2 Chronicles 10
3617:, and grandson
3599:
3548:Christine Hayes
3474:
3469:
3457:Hebrew alphabet
3382:
3372:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3325:
3324:
3311:
3297:
3275:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3181:
3157:
3130:
3122:
3121:
3116:
3035:
3019:
3008:
2984:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2905:
2904:
2885:
2884:
2880:Johannine works
2876:
2840:
2820:
2819:
2816:and development
2803:
2802:
2801:
2768:
2754:
2740:
2713:
2712:
2671:
2610:of each of the
2597:
2583:
2545:
2543:
2536:
2535:
2481:
2480:
2471:
2470:
2461:Judeo-Christian
2424:
2423:
2421:Other religions
2412:
2411:
2372:
2371:
2360:
2359:
2295:
2294:
2283:
2282:
2237:
2190:
2189:
2180:
2179:
2161:
2127:
2126:
2111:
2110:
2066:
2065:
2063:Religious roles
2054:
2053:
2016:
2012:
1942:
1941:
1930:
1929:
1891:
1867:
1866:
1851:
1850:
1816:Mishnah Berurah
1796:
1795:
1784:
1783:
1758:
1711:
1704:
1703:
1692:
1691:
1645:
1644:
1633:
1632:
1564:
1557:
1556:
1508:
1503:
1416:Syriac language
1383:Greek-speaking
1313:Biblical Hebrew
1241:
1203:
1199:
1156:
1152:
1137:
1097:
1096:
951:
946:
939:
938:
821:
816:
809:
808:
807:
777:
772:
765:
764:
763:
713:
708:
701:
700:
699:
669:
664:
651:
639:
638:
529:
475:
471:
465:
457:
456:
451:
275:
271:
265:
257:
256:
200:
196:
190:
176:
139:
125:
116:Biblical Hebrew
104:
78:
50:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11506:
11496:
11495:
11490:
11485:
11480:
11465:
11464:
11447:
11445:from Wikibooks
11430:
11413:
11411:from Wikiquote
11396:
11379:
11362:
11333:
11328:
11327:
11325:
11324:
11319:
11314:
11308:
11305:
11304:
11302:
11301:
11296:
11294:Synod of Hippo
11291:
11286:
11281:
11276:
11271:
11266:
11261:
11255:
11253:
11249:
11248:
11246:
11245:
11240:
11235:
11230:
11228:Masoretic Text
11225:
11220:
11213:
11208:
11203:
11196:
11191:
11186:
11181:
11175:
11173:
11167:
11166:
11164:
11163:
11158:
11153:
11148:
11143:
11138:
11133:
11127:
11125:
11121:
11120:
11118:
11117:
11112:
11111:
11110:
11105:
11100:
11095:
11085:
11084:
11083:
11078:
11068:
11067:
11066:
11064:Minor prophets
11061:
11059:Major prophets
11051:
11041:
11036:
11031:
11025:
11023:
11019:
11018:
11016:
11015:
11010:
11005:
11000:
10995:
10990:
10985:
10980:
10975:
10970:
10965:
10960:
10955:
10950:
10945:
10940:
10933:
10928:
10923:
10918:
10913:
10908:
10903:
10898:
10893:
10888:
10883:
10878:
10872:
10870:
10864:
10863:
10860:
10859:
10857:
10856:
10851:
10846:
10845:
10844:
10837:Pseudepigrapha
10833:
10831:
10830:Classification
10827:
10826:
10824:
10823:
10822:
10821:
10816:
10811:
10800:
10798:
10792:
10791:
10789:
10788:
10783:
10778:
10776:Psalms 152–155
10772:
10770:
10763:
10762:
10760:
10759:
10754:
10749:
10744:
10739:
10733:
10731:
10725:
10724:
10722:
10721:
10716:
10711:
10706:
10701:
10696:
10691:
10685:
10683:
10681:
10680:
10677:
10673:
10670:
10669:
10667:
10666:
10665:
10664:
10659:
10654:
10644:
10635:
10630:
10625:
10620:
10615:
10610:
10605:
10599:
10597:
10595:
10594:
10591:
10586:
10580:
10574:
10561:
10560:
10558:
10557:
10552:
10547:
10542:
10537:
10532:
10527:
10522:
10517:
10512:
10507:
10502:
10497:
10492:
10487:
10482:
10477:
10472:
10467:
10462:
10457:
10452:
10447:
10442:
10437:
10432:
10430:1–2 Chronicles
10427:
10422:
10417:
10412:
10407:
10402:
10397:
10392:
10387:
10382:
10376:
10374:
10359:
10358:
10347:
10346:
10339:
10332:
10324:
10315:
10314:
10312:
10311:
10305:
10299:
10291:
10283:
10277:
10269:
10263:
10255:
10249:
10246:Book of Mormon
10242:
10240:
10234:
10233:
10231:
10230:
10224:
10218:
10210:
10204:
10198:
10192:
10185:
10183:
10177:
10176:
10174:
10173:
10167:
10161:
10155:
10149:
10143:
10142:
10141:
10128:
10126:
10120:
10119:
10117:
10116:
10113:Divine Liturgy
10110:
10109:(Neoplatonism)
10104:
10098:
10092:
10086:
10080:
10072:
10066:
10065:
10064:
10063:(Christianity)
10058:
10057:
10056:
10050:
10049:(Samaritanism)
10032:
10026:
10012:
10006:
10000:
9994:
9987:
9985:
9979:
9978:
9966:
9965:
9958:
9951:
9943:
9934:
9933:
9931:
9930:
9916:
9896:
9893:
9892:
9890:
9889:
9888:
9887:
9886:
9885:
9880:
9875:
9869:non-Christian
9867:
9866:
9865:
9860:
9855:
9850:
9845:
9840:
9825:
9818:
9811:
9806:
9799:
9794:
9789:
9782:
9777:
9772:
9765:
9760:
9759:
9758:
9753:
9748:
9743:
9738:
9727:
9725:
9719:
9718:
9716:
9715:
9710:
9709:
9708:
9703:
9693:
9688:
9683:
9678:
9673:
9672:
9671:
9661:
9660:
9659:
9654:
9644:
9639:
9638:
9637:
9627:
9626:
9625:
9615:
9610:
9609:
9608:
9603:
9592:
9590:
9584:
9583:
9581:
9580:
9575:
9570:
9568:Shulchan Aruch
9565:
9564:
9563:
9558:
9556:Sefer Yetzirah
9553:
9548:
9543:
9538:
9536:Pardes Rimonim
9533:
9526:Kabbalah texts
9523:
9522:
9521:
9516:
9511:
9506:
9496:
9495:
9494:
9489:
9484:
9470:
9464:
9462:
9456:
9455:
9453:
9452:
9447:
9442:
9437:
9432:
9427:
9422:
9417:
9416:
9415:
9410:
9405:
9404:
9403:
9393:
9388:
9383:
9378:
9373:
9372:
9371:
9366:
9365:
9364:
9359:
9338:
9336:
9330:
9329:
9327:
9326:
9321:
9319:Land of Israel
9316:
9315:
9314:
9304:
9299:
9294:
9293:
9292:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9271:
9270:
9260:
9255:
9250:
9245:
9244:
9243:
9232:
9230:
9224:
9223:
9221:
9220:
9215:
9214:
9213:
9212:
9211:
9206:
9205:
9204:
9197:
9195:Judeo-Alsatian
9187:
9186:
9185:
9178:
9173:
9168:
9148:
9143:
9138:
9133:
9128:
9123:
9122:
9121:
9116:
9106:
9101:
9096:
9091:
9086:
9081:
9076:
9071:
9066:
9061:
9060:
9059:
9054:
9049:
9047:Judeo-Hamedani
9044:
9039:
9034:
9024:
9022:Judaeo-Occitan
9019:
9014:
9009:
9004:
9003:
9002:
8992:
8987:
8982:
8981:
8980:
8975:
8970:
8963:Jewish English
8960:
8955:
8954:
8953:
8952:
8951:
8941:
8936:
8931:
8926:
8921:
8916:
8911:
8906:
8901:
8894:Judaeo-Aramaic
8891:
8890:
8889:
8884:
8882:Judeo-Tunisian
8879:
8874:
8872:Judeo-Moroccan
8869:
8868:
8867:
8865:Judeo-Baghdadi
8852:
8847:
8842:
8841:
8840:
8835:
8830:
8825:
8820:
8815:
8810:
8805:
8800:
8795:
8790:
8785:
8780:
8769:
8767:
8755:
8754:
8751:
8750:
8748:
8747:
8746:
8745:
8744:
8743:
8733:
8732:
8731:
8721:
8716:
8714:Livornese Jews
8711:
8701:
8696:
8695:
8694:
8684:
8683:
8682:
8681:
8680:
8675:
8670:
8665:
8655:
8650:
8645:
8640:
8635:
8630:
8625:
8620:
8615:
8605:
8604:
8603:
8593:
8588:
8583:
8578:
8577:
8576:
8571:
8561:
8556:
8555:
8554:
8544:
8539:
8534:
8533:
8532:
8527:
8517:
8516:
8515:
8510:
8500:
8499:
8498:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8461:Afrikaner-Jode
8452:
8450:
8441:
8440:
8435:
8430:
8429:
8428:
8418:
8413:
8408:
8403:
8398:
8393:
8388:
8382:
8380:
8374:
8373:
8371:
8370:
8365:
8360:
8355:
8350:
8345:
8340:
8335:
8330:
8324:
8322:
8316:
8315:
8313:
8312:
8307:
8301:
8298:
8297:
8286:
8285:
8278:
8271:
8263:
8254:
8253:
8236:
8233:
8232:
8230:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8214:
8208:
8206:
8202:
8201:
8199:
8198:
8193:
8188:
8183:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8162:
8161:
8159:Capital crimes
8151:
8146:
8140:
8138:
8134:
8133:
8131:
8130:
8129:
8128:
8126:Asian American
8123:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8068:
8063:
8058:
8052:
8050:
8046:
8045:
8038:
8036:
8034:
8033:
8028:
8023:
8018:
8016:Biblical canon
8013:
8008:
8002:
8000:
7996:
7995:
7982:
7979:
7978:
7971:
7970:
7963:
7956:
7948:
7942:
7941:
7935:
7925:
7902:
7890:
7889:External links
7887:
7886:
7885:
7878:
7868:
7843:
7836:
7829:
7814:
7808:
7790:
7787:
7784:
7783:
7765:
7742:
7735:
7701:
7694:
7676:
7674:, p. 2–5.
7664:
7660:978-1444335149
7643:
7626:Jewish Link NJ
7612:
7573:
7537:
7501:
7465:
7429:
7401:
7387:
7368:
7359:
7352:
7330:
7300:
7265:
7228:
7217:
7194:
7190:Kallah Rabbati
7176:12:11, 12:12;
7166:Numbers Rabbah
7154:
7134:
7114:
7093:
7078:
7061:978-0199812790
7060:
7034:
7006:
7000:978-0802843630
6999:
6979:
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6804:978-0190608651
6803:
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6674:
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6638:
6626:
6614:
6607:
6593:Schmid, Konrad
6584:
6572:
6560:
6548:
6536:
6524:
6512:
6505:
6480:
6463:
6456:
6442:Carr, David M.
6433:
6426:
6405:
6393:
6381:
6374:
6351:
6336:
6329:
6298:
6266:
6245:
6221:
6186:
6155:
6146:
6115:
6086:
6054:
6052:p. 98 (German)
6033:
5990:
5984:978-0679414483
5983:
5957:
5944:
5914:
5899:. 2014-05-13.
5884:
5881:Jeremiah 10:11
5873:
5855:
5807:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5778:
5772:
5771:
5762:
5744:
5743:
5742:
5741:
5736:
5733:
5732:
5731:
5726:
5724:Shem Tov Bible
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5684:
5683:
5680:Judaism portal
5667:
5664:
5598:Main article:
5595:
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5504:Main article:
5501:
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5391:
5388:
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5301:
5298:
5263:
5260:
5259:
5258:
5245:Dīvrē hayYāmīm
5241:
5220:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5177:
5155:
5133:
5111:
5089:
5027:
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4896:Main article:
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4663:
4646:
4629:
4602:נביאים אחרונים
4593:
4592:
4575:
4558:
4541:
4514:נביאים ראשונים
4500:of Judah (the
4494:Land of Israel
4468:Main article:
4465:
4462:
4461:
4460:
4443:
4426:
4409:
4392:
4341:Main article:
4338:
4335:
4288:
4285:
4277:hapax legomena
4272:
4269:
4182:writing system
4177:
4174:
4158:Great Assembly
4140:Louis Ginzberg
4129:Ancient Hebrew
4125:Masoretic Text
4081:Gospel of Luke
4074: 164 BCE
4059:Book of Sirach
4025:Main article:
4022:
4019:
3904: 600 BCE
3872:
3869:
3865: 781–742
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3757:in Jerusalem.
3716:tribe of Judah
3629:. Jacob's son
3598:
3595:
3502:Book of Psalms
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3363:
3356:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3317:
3310:
3309:
3304:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3283:
3277:
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3273:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
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3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3131:
3129:Interpretation
3128:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3048:
3043:
3034:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3017:
3012:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2963:English Bibles
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2916:Masoretic Text
2913:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2875:
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2869:
2863:
2862:
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2856:
2851:
2846:
2839:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2689:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2670:
2667:
2612:Masoretic Text
2585:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2574:
2567:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2538:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2482:
2479:Related topics
2478:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2373:
2369:Major holidays
2367:
2366:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2325:Birkat Hamazon
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2281:
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2275:
2269:
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2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2188:Ritual objects
2187:
2186:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2128:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
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2078:
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2067:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2009:Rabbinic sages
2004:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1915:Chevra kadisha
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1868:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1848:
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1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1811:Shulchan Aruch
1808:
1803:
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1789:
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1697:
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1690:
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1687:Musar movement
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1662:
1657:
1652:
1646:
1640:
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1526:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1455:Roman Catholic
1431:Targum Onkelos
1361:Masoretic Text
1351:(verses). The
1343:Masoretic Text
1297:Masoretic Text
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1098:
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1075:
1070:
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1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1001:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
952:
945:
944:
941:
940:
935:
934:
933:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
869:
868:
866:Minor prophets
862:
861:
860:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
831:
830:
828:Major prophets
822:
815:
814:
811:
810:
806:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
779:
778:
771:
770:
767:
766:
762:
761:
756:
751:
746:
744:1–2 Chronicles
741:
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731:
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721:
715:
714:
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706:
703:
702:
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697:
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682:
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652:(Christianity)
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629:Divre Hayyamim
627:
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620:
617:
611:
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584:
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135:
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68:
67:
57:
56:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11505:
11494:
11493:Sifrei Kodesh
11491:
11489:
11486:
11484:
11481:
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11475:
11473:
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11410:
11409:
11397:
11394:from Wikinews
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11113:
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10951:
10949:
10946:
10944:
10941:
10939:
10938:
10934:
10932:
10929:
10927:
10924:
10922:
10919:
10917:
10914:
10912:
10911:2 Corinthians
10909:
10907:
10906:1 Corinthians
10904:
10902:
10899:
10897:
10894:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10882:
10879:
10877:
10874:
10873:
10871:
10869:
10868:New Testament
10865:
10855:
10852:
10850:
10849:New Testament
10847:
10843:
10840:
10839:
10838:
10835:
10834:
10832:
10828:
10820:
10817:
10815:
10812:
10810:
10807:
10806:
10805:
10802:
10801:
10799:
10797:
10793:
10787:
10784:
10782:
10779:
10777:
10774:
10773:
10771:
10769:
10764:
10758:
10757:Broader canon
10755:
10753:
10750:
10748:
10745:
10743:
10740:
10738:
10735:
10734:
10732:
10730:
10726:
10720:
10717:
10715:
10712:
10710:
10707:
10705:
10702:
10700:
10697:
10695:
10692:
10690:
10687:
10686:
10684:
10678:
10675:
10674:
10671:
10663:
10660:
10658:
10655:
10653:
10650:
10649:
10648:
10645:
10643:
10639:
10636:
10634:
10631:
10629:
10626:
10624:
10621:
10619:
10616:
10614:
10611:
10609:
10606:
10604:
10601:
10600:
10598:
10592:
10590:
10587:
10585:
10582:
10581:
10578:
10575:
10573:
10566:
10562:
10556:
10553:
10551:
10548:
10546:
10543:
10541:
10538:
10536:
10533:
10531:
10528:
10526:
10523:
10521:
10518:
10516:
10513:
10511:
10508:
10506:
10503:
10501:
10498:
10496:
10493:
10491:
10488:
10486:
10483:
10481:
10478:
10476:
10473:
10471:
10470:Song of Songs
10468:
10466:
10463:
10461:
10458:
10456:
10453:
10451:
10448:
10446:
10443:
10441:
10438:
10436:
10433:
10431:
10428:
10426:
10423:
10421:
10418:
10416:
10413:
10411:
10408:
10406:
10403:
10401:
10398:
10396:
10393:
10391:
10388:
10386:
10383:
10381:
10378:
10377:
10375:
10373:
10369:
10368:Old Testament
10364:
10360:
10356:
10352:
10345:
10340:
10338:
10333:
10331:
10326:
10325:
10322:
10309:
10306:
10303:
10300:
10297:
10296:
10292:
10289:
10288:
10284:
10281:
10278:
10275:
10274:
10270:
10267:
10264:
10261:
10260:
10259:Kitáb-i-Aqdas
10256:
10253:
10250:
10247:
10244:
10243:
10241:
10239:
10235:
10228:
10225:
10222:
10219:
10217:(Anglicanism)
10216:
10215:
10211:
10208:
10205:
10202:
10199:
10197:(Lutheranism)
10196:
10193:
10190:
10187:
10186:
10184:
10182:
10178:
10171:
10168:
10165:
10162:
10159:
10156:
10153:
10150:
10147:
10144:
10139:
10136:
10135:
10133:
10130:
10129:
10127:
10125:
10121:
10114:
10111:
10108:
10105:
10102:
10099:
10096:
10093:
10090:
10087:
10084:
10081:
10078:
10077:
10076:Metamorphoses
10073:
10070:
10069:Bhagavad Gita
10067:
10062:
10061:New Testament
10059:
10054:
10051:
10048:
10045:
10044:
10042:
10039:
10038:
10036:
10033:
10030:
10027:
10024:
10023:
10018:
10017:
10013:
10011:(Zoroastrian)
10010:
10007:
10004:
10001:
9998:
9995:
9992:
9991:Pyramid Texts
9989:
9988:
9986:
9984:
9980:
9975:
9971:
9964:
9959:
9957:
9952:
9950:
9945:
9944:
9941:
9929:
9928:
9917:
9915:
9914:
9905:
9904:
9903:
9899:
9894:
9884:
9881:
9879:
9876:
9874:
9871:
9870:
9868:
9864:
9861:
9859:
9856:
9854:
9853:Protestantism
9851:
9849:
9846:
9844:
9841:
9839:
9836:
9835:
9834:
9831:
9830:
9829:
9826:
9824:
9823:
9819:
9817:
9816:
9812:
9810:
9807:
9805:
9804:
9800:
9798:
9795:
9793:
9790:
9788:
9787:
9783:
9781:
9778:
9776:
9773:
9771:
9770:
9766:
9764:
9761:
9757:
9754:
9752:
9749:
9747:
9744:
9742:
9739:
9737:
9734:
9733:
9732:
9729:
9728:
9726:
9724:
9720:
9714:
9711:
9707:
9704:
9702:
9699:
9698:
9697:
9694:
9692:
9689:
9687:
9684:
9682:
9679:
9677:
9674:
9670:
9667:
9666:
9665:
9662:
9658:
9655:
9653:
9650:
9649:
9648:
9645:
9643:
9640:
9636:
9633:
9632:
9631:
9628:
9624:
9621:
9620:
9619:
9616:
9614:
9611:
9607:
9604:
9602:
9599:
9598:
9597:
9594:
9593:
9591:
9589:
9585:
9579:
9576:
9574:
9571:
9569:
9566:
9562:
9559:
9557:
9554:
9552:
9549:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9541:Sefer HaBahir
9539:
9537:
9534:
9532:
9529:
9528:
9527:
9524:
9520:
9517:
9515:
9512:
9510:
9507:
9505:
9502:
9501:
9500:
9497:
9493:
9490:
9488:
9485:
9483:
9480:
9479:
9478:
9474:
9471:
9469:
9468:Sifrei Kodesh
9466:
9465:
9463:
9461:
9457:
9451:
9448:
9446:
9443:
9441:
9438:
9436:
9433:
9431:
9428:
9426:
9423:
9421:
9418:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9402:
9399:
9398:
9397:
9394:
9392:
9389:
9387:
9384:
9382:
9379:
9377:
9374:
9370:
9367:
9363:
9360:
9358:
9355:
9354:
9353:
9350:
9349:
9348:
9345:
9344:
9343:
9340:
9339:
9337:
9335:
9331:
9325:
9324:Who is a Jew?
9322:
9320:
9317:
9313:
9310:
9309:
9308:
9305:
9303:
9300:
9298:
9295:
9291:
9288:
9287:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9269:
9266:
9265:
9264:
9261:
9259:
9256:
9254:
9253:Chosen people
9251:
9249:
9246:
9242:
9239:
9238:
9237:
9234:
9233:
9231:
9229:
9225:
9219:
9216:
9210:
9209:Scots-Yiddish
9207:
9203:
9202:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9192:
9191:
9188:
9184:
9183:
9182:Klezmer-loshn
9179:
9177:
9174:
9172:
9169:
9167:
9164:
9163:
9162:
9159:
9158:
9157:
9154:
9153:
9152:
9149:
9147:
9144:
9142:
9139:
9137:
9134:
9132:
9129:
9127:
9124:
9120:
9117:
9115:
9112:
9111:
9110:
9107:
9105:
9102:
9100:
9097:
9095:
9092:
9090:
9087:
9085:
9082:
9080:
9077:
9075:
9072:
9070:
9067:
9065:
9062:
9058:
9055:
9053:
9052:Judeo-Shirazi
9050:
9048:
9045:
9043:
9040:
9038:
9035:
9033:
9030:
9029:
9028:
9027:Judeo-Persian
9025:
9023:
9020:
9018:
9017:Judeo-Marathi
9015:
9013:
9010:
9008:
9005:
9001:
8998:
8997:
8996:
8995:Judeo-Italian
8993:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8979:
8976:
8974:
8971:
8969:
8966:
8965:
8964:
8961:
8959:
8956:
8950:
8947:
8946:
8945:
8942:
8940:
8937:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8925:
8922:
8920:
8917:
8915:
8912:
8910:
8907:
8905:
8902:
8900:
8897:
8896:
8895:
8892:
8888:
8885:
8883:
8880:
8878:
8875:
8873:
8870:
8866:
8863:
8862:
8861:
8858:
8857:
8856:
8853:
8851:
8850:Judeo-Amazigh
8848:
8846:
8843:
8839:
8836:
8834:
8831:
8829:
8826:
8824:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8811:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8784:
8781:
8779:
8776:
8775:
8774:
8771:
8770:
8768:
8765:
8760:
8756:
8742:
8739:
8738:
8737:
8734:
8730:
8727:
8726:
8725:
8722:
8720:
8717:
8715:
8712:
8710:
8707:
8706:
8705:
8702:
8700:
8697:
8693:
8690:
8689:
8688:
8685:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8673:Hadhrami Jews
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8660:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8651:
8649:
8646:
8644:
8641:
8639:
8638:Mountain Jews
8636:
8634:
8633:Egyptian Jews
8631:
8629:
8628:Bukharan Jews
8626:
8624:
8621:
8619:
8616:
8614:
8611:
8610:
8609:
8606:
8602:
8599:
8598:
8597:
8594:
8592:
8589:
8587:
8584:
8582:
8579:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8567:
8566:
8565:
8562:
8560:
8557:
8553:
8550:
8549:
8548:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8538:
8535:
8531:
8528:
8526:
8523:
8522:
8521:
8518:
8514:
8511:
8509:
8506:
8505:
8504:
8501:
8497:
8494:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8458:
8457:
8454:
8453:
8451:
8449:
8445:
8439:
8436:
8434:
8431:
8427:
8424:
8423:
8422:
8419:
8417:
8416:Lists of Jews
8414:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8402:
8399:
8397:
8394:
8392:
8389:
8387:
8384:
8383:
8381:
8379:
8375:
8369:
8366:
8364:
8361:
8359:
8356:
8354:
8351:
8349:
8346:
8344:
8341:
8339:
8336:
8334:
8331:
8329:
8326:
8325:
8323:
8321:
8317:
8311:
8308:
8306:
8303:
8302:
8299:
8295:
8291:
8284:
8279:
8277:
8272:
8270:
8265:
8264:
8261:
8251:
8247:
8243:
8239:
8234:
8228:
8225:
8223:
8220:
8218:
8215:
8213:
8210:
8209:
8207:
8203:
8197:
8194:
8192:
8189:
8187:
8184:
8182:
8179:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8171:Homosexuality
8169:
8167:
8164:
8160:
8157:
8156:
8155:
8152:
8150:
8147:
8145:
8142:
8141:
8139:
8135:
8127:
8124:
8122:
8119:
8118:
8117:
8114:
8112:
8109:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8099:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8089:
8087:
8084:
8082:
8079:
8077:
8074:
8072:
8069:
8067:
8064:
8062:
8059:
8057:
8054:
8053:
8051:
8047:
8042:
8032:
8029:
8027:
8024:
8022:
8019:
8017:
8014:
8012:
8009:
8007:
8004:
8003:
8001:
7997:
7993:
7992:New Testament
7989:
7988:Old Testament
7985:
7980:
7976:
7969:
7964:
7962:
7957:
7955:
7950:
7949:
7946:
7939:
7936:
7933:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7917:
7914:
7910:
7906:
7903:
7900:
7896:
7893:
7892:
7883:
7879:
7876:
7872:
7869:
7857:
7853:
7849:
7844:
7841:
7837:
7834:
7831:Leiman, Sid.
7830:
7827:
7826:0-06-043822-3
7823:
7819:
7815:
7811:
7805:
7801:
7797:
7796:Johnson, Paul
7793:
7792:
7772:
7768:
7762:
7758:
7757:
7752:
7746:
7738:
7732:
7728:
7724:
7720:
7716:
7712:
7705:
7697:
7691:
7687:
7680:
7673:
7668:
7661:
7657:
7653:
7647:
7631:
7627:
7623:
7616:
7609:
7597:
7593:
7592:
7587:
7583:
7577:
7570:
7558:
7554:
7553:
7548:
7541:
7534:
7522:
7518:
7517:
7512:
7505:
7498:
7486:
7482:
7481:
7476:
7469:
7462:
7450:
7446:
7445:
7440:
7433:
7426:
7415:
7411:
7405:
7397:
7391:
7385:
7381:
7377:
7372:
7363:
7355:
7349:
7345:
7341:
7334:
7327:
7316:
7313:
7307:
7305:
7297:
7286:
7282:
7280:
7279:Jewish Action
7275:
7269:
7262:
7251:
7247:
7246:
7241:
7235:
7233:
7226:
7221:
7215:
7211:
7207:
7206:Against Apion
7203:
7198:
7191:
7187:
7183:
7179:
7175:
7171:
7167:
7163:
7162:Exodus Rabbah
7158:
7151:
7147:
7141:
7139:
7130:
7129:
7124:
7118:
7112:
7109:
7105:
7100:
7098:
7089:
7082:
7067:
7063:
7057:
7053:
7052:
7047:
7041:
7039:
7032:
7026:
7022:
7021:
7016:
7010:
7002:
6996:
6992:
6991:
6983:
6976:
6971:
6962:
6955:
6951:
6950:
6946:
6943:
6940:
6935:
6930:
6923:
6918:
6911:
6906:
6899:
6894:
6887:
6883:
6879:
6873:
6866:
6862:
6856:
6852:
6848:
6841:
6834:
6829:
6822:
6817:
6815:
6806:
6800:
6796:
6792:
6786:
6780:, p. 15.
6779:
6774:
6768:, p. 71.
6767:
6762:
6755:
6750:
6744:, p. 79.
6743:
6738:
6731:
6726:
6719:
6714:
6707:
6702:
6695:
6690:
6684:, p. 66.
6683:
6678:
6671:
6666:
6659:
6654:
6647:
6642:
6636:, p. 44.
6635:
6630:
6624:, p. 43.
6623:
6618:
6610:
6608:9780674269392
6604:
6600:
6599:
6594:
6588:
6581:
6576:
6570:, p. 23.
6569:
6564:
6558:, p. 60.
6557:
6552:
6546:, p. 63.
6545:
6540:
6534:, p. 62.
6533:
6528:
6522:, p. 38.
6521:
6516:
6508:
6502:
6497:
6496:
6490:
6484:
6478:, p. 13.
6477:
6472:
6470:
6468:
6459:
6457:9781119636670
6453:
6449:
6448:
6443:
6437:
6429:
6423:
6419:
6415:
6409:
6403:, p. 10.
6402:
6397:
6390:
6385:
6377:
6375:9780300188271
6371:
6367:
6366:
6361:
6355:
6348:
6343:
6341:
6332:
6330:9780198755005
6326:
6322:
6318:
6314:
6313:
6308:
6302:
6286:
6282:
6281:
6276:
6270:
6264:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6248:
6242:
6238:
6234:
6233:
6225:
6218:
6207:
6203:
6202:
6197:
6190:
6174:
6170:
6166:
6159:
6150:
6144:
6140:
6137:
6134:(5:119); see
6133:
6129:
6125:
6124:masorah magna
6119:
6104:
6100:
6096:
6090:
6074:
6070:
6069:
6064:
6058:
6051:
6050:9783832541514
6047:
6043:
6037:
6021:
6017:
6013:
6009:
6005:
6001:
5994:
5986:
5980:
5976:
5971:
5970:
5961:
5954:
5948:
5932:
5928:
5924:
5918:
5902:
5898:
5894:
5888:
5882:
5877:
5862:
5858:
5852:
5848:
5844:
5840:
5836:
5832:
5828:
5824:
5818:
5816:
5814:
5812:
5804:
5803:
5798:
5794:
5791:
5786:
5782:
5776:
5775:
5766:
5759:
5755:
5752:Also spelled
5749:
5745:
5739:
5738:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5681:
5670:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5654:
5650:
5644:
5642:
5638:
5634:
5630:
5626:
5622:
5618:
5617:Old Testament
5614:
5610:
5609:New Testament
5606:
5601:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5582:to classical
5581:
5577:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5561:
5557:
5553:
5549:
5545:
5541:
5535:
5533:
5529:
5521:
5518:, printed in
5517:
5512:
5507:
5494:
5490:
5489:
5485:
5482:
5478:
5477:
5473:
5469:
5466:
5465:
5461:
5458:
5454:
5453:0-89906-269-5
5450:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5440:0-8276-0252-9
5437:
5433:
5432:
5428:
5425:
5421:
5420:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5409:
5408:Old Testament
5405:
5401:
5397:
5387:
5385:
5379:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5357:
5348:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5332:
5330:
5326:
5322:
5318:
5314:
5307:
5297:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5280:
5277:
5272:
5269:
5257:
5246:
5242:
5240:
5236:
5225:
5221:
5219:
5208:
5204:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5196:
5192:
5191:Ezra–Nehemiah
5188:
5175:
5171:
5160:
5156:
5153:
5149:
5138:
5134:
5131:
5127:
5116:
5112:
5109:
5105:
5094:
5090:
5087:
5083:
5082:Song of Songs
5072:
5068:
5067:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5055:
5051:
5047:
5043:
5039:
5038:Song of Songs
5033:
5032:Five Megillot
5021:
5010:
5006:
5004:
4993:
4989:
4987:
4976:
4972:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4963:
4961:
4951:
4939:
4934:
4930:
4924:
4914:
4905:
4899:
4887:
4876:
4872:
4870:
4859:
4855:
4853:
4842:
4838:
4836:
4825:
4821:
4819:
4808:
4804:
4802:
4791:
4787:
4785:
4774:
4770:
4768:
4757:
4753:
4751:
4740:
4736:
4734:
4723:
4719:
4717:
4706:
4702:
4700:
4689:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4680:
4669:
4662:
4651:
4647:
4645:
4634:
4630:
4628:
4617:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4608:
4598:
4591:
4580:
4576:
4574:
4563:
4559:
4557:
4546:
4542:
4540:
4529:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4510:
4505:
4503:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4486:
4476:
4471:
4459:
4448:
4444:
4442:
4431:
4427:
4425:
4414:
4410:
4408:
4397:
4393:
4391:
4380:
4376:
4375:
4374:
4371:
4370:
4357:
4344:
4334:
4332:
4322:
4318:
4317:Ezra–Nehemiah
4314:
4310:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4284:
4282:
4281:Semitic roots
4278:
4268:
4266:
4257:
4248:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4219:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4203:
4199:
4197:
4191:
4187:
4183:
4180:The original
4173:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4121:
4117:
4109:
4104:
4100:
4097:
4093:
4088:
4086:
4082:
4077:
4068:
4067:New Testament
4064:
4060:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4036:
4034:
4028:
4018:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3979:Sons of Korah
3976:
3972:
3967:
3964:
3963:David M. Carr
3960:
3956:
3952:
3946:
3937:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3913:
3909:
3888:
3884:
3878:
3868:
3859:
3855:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3801:
3797:
3796:Second Temple
3791:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3758:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3723:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3696:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3657:Promised Land
3653:
3649:
3643:
3639:
3634:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3594:
3592:
3586:
3580:
3575:
3573:
3569:
3568:Promised Land
3565:
3560:
3556:
3551:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3438:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3425:
3424:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3404:
3403:Old Testament
3399:
3395:
3391:
3387:
3381:
3369:
3364:
3362:
3357:
3355:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3308:
3307:Infallibility
3305:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3271:
3270:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3206:Homosexuality
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2977:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2901:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2806:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2674:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2608:Hebrew letter
2605:
2601:
2596:
2592:
2580:
2575:
2573:
2568:
2566:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2377:Rosh Hashanah
2375:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2184:
2183:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1801:Mishneh Torah
1799:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1528:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1447:Old Testament
1443:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1276:text used in
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1239:
1230:
1224:
1197:
1192:
1183:
1177:
1150:
1146:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1089:
1088:Broader canon
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1012:Orthodox only
1011:
1010:
1005:
1002:
1000:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
957:
956:
955:
949:
943:
942:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
872:
871:
870:
867:
864:
863:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
834:
833:
832:
829:
826:
825:
819:
813:
812:
804:
803:Song of Songs
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
780:
775:
769:
768:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
716:
711:
705:
704:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
672:
667:
661:
660:
657:
656:
650:
649:Old Testament
647:
646:
628:
626:
622:
618:
616:
615:Ezra–Nehemiah
612:
608:
606:
602:
599:
598:
594:
593:
585:
583:
579:
575:
573:
569:
565:
563:
559:
555:
553:
549:
546:Shir Hashirim
545:
543:
542:Song of Songs
539:
536:
535:
532:
528:
523:
522:
514:
512:
508:
504:
502:
498:
494:
492:
488:
485:
484:
480:
479:
474:
468:
461:
460:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
389:
387:
386:
383:
380:
379:
371:
369:
365:
361:
359:
355:
351:
349:
345:
342:
341:
338:
335:
334:
326:
324:
320:
316:
314:
310:
306:
304:
300:
296:
294:
290:
287:
286:
283:
280:
279:
274:
268:
261:
260:
250:
248:
244:
240:
238:
234:
230:
228:
224:
220:
218:
214:
210:
208:
204:
199:
197:(Instruction)
193:
186:
185:
182:
181:
175:
172:
171:
167:
163:
162:
155:
151:
148:
136:
132:
128:
122:
119:
117:
114:
113:
111:
107:
101:
98:
96:
93:
92:
90:
86:
81:
74:
69:
66:
58:
53:
48:
44:
40:
39:Old Testament
33:
19:
11478:Hebrew Bible
11457:
11440:
11423:
11406:
11389:
11377:from Commons
11372:
11355:
11335:Hebrew Bible
11334:
11217:Vetus Latina
11215:
11198:
11151:Jewish canon
11146:Antilegomena
11048:Poetic Books
11044:Wisdom books
11022:Subdivisions
10935:
10640: /
10565:Deuterocanon
10485:Lamentations
10465:Ecclesiastes
10372:(protocanon)
10363:Hebrew Bible
10362:
10293:
10285:
10271:
10257:
10221:Roman Missal
10212:
10181:Early modern
10140:(Sanamahism)
10085:(Gnosticism)
10074:
10053:Deuterocanon
10040:
10020:
10016:Tao Te Ching
10014:
9918:
9911:
9897:
9820:
9813:
9801:
9784:
9767:
9601:perspectives
9472:
9435:Samaritanism
9396:Neo-Hasidism
9376:Conservative
9290:Names of God
9199:
9180:
8990:Judaeo-Greek
8985:Judeo-Gascon
8924:Lishán Didán
8919:Lishana Deni
8887:Judeo-Yemeni
8855:Judeo-Arabic
8729:Meshuchrarim
8648:Persian Jews
8581:Kurdish Jews
8559:Kaifeng Jews
8508:Beta Abraham
8471:Galitzianers
8426:Antisemitism
8401:Israeli Jews
8386:Assimilation
8144:Commentaries
8137:Hebrew Bible
7984:Hebrew Bible
7983:
7881:
7874:
7871:Noth, Martin
7860:. Retrieved
7856:the original
7851:
7839:
7832:
7817:
7799:
7775:. Retrieved
7755:
7745:
7719:Mohr Siebeck
7710:
7704:
7685:
7679:
7672:Collins 2018
7667:
7651:
7646:
7634:. Retrieved
7625:
7615:
7607:
7600:. Retrieved
7589:
7576:
7568:
7561:. Retrieved
7550:
7540:
7532:
7525:. Retrieved
7514:
7504:
7496:
7489:. Retrieved
7478:
7468:
7460:
7453:. Retrieved
7442:
7432:
7424:
7418:. Retrieved
7404:
7395:
7390:
7383:
7379:
7375:
7371:
7362:
7343:
7340:Aryeh Kaplan
7333:
7325:
7319:. Retrieved
7295:
7289:. Retrieved
7277:
7268:
7260:
7254:. Retrieved
7243:
7220:
7208:, 1:8; also
7197:
7157:
7149:
7144:Darshan, G.
7127:
7117:
7085:Also called
7081:
7070:. Retrieved
7050:
7019:
7009:
6989:
6982:
6970:
6961:
6937:
6929:
6922:Collins 2018
6917:
6905:
6893:
6885:
6881:
6877:
6872:
6864:
6850:
6840:
6835:, p. 5.
6828:
6823:, p. 5.
6821:Collins 2018
6794:
6785:
6778:Collins 2018
6773:
6761:
6749:
6737:
6725:
6713:
6701:
6689:
6677:
6665:
6653:
6641:
6629:
6617:
6597:
6587:
6580:Collins 2018
6575:
6568:Goodman 2017
6563:
6551:
6539:
6527:
6520:Goodman 2017
6515:
6494:
6483:
6476:Collins 2018
6446:
6436:
6417:
6408:
6396:
6384:
6364:
6354:
6349:, p. 9.
6311:
6307:Barton, John
6301:
6289:. Retrieved
6278:
6269:
6253:
6231:
6224:
6216:
6210:. Retrieved
6199:
6189:
6177:. Retrieved
6168:
6158:
6149:
6118:
6107:. Retrieved
6098:
6089:
6077:. Retrieved
6066:
6057:
6041:
6040:Isabel Lang
6036:
6024:. Retrieved
6007:
6003:
5993:
5968:
5960:
5952:
5947:
5937:25 September
5935:. Retrieved
5926:
5917:
5907:25 September
5905:. Retrieved
5896:
5887:
5876:
5865:. Retrieved
5830:
5823:Tov, Emanuel
5800:
5785:
5765:
5757:
5753:
5748:
5645:
5605:Christianity
5603:
5564:
5536:
5525:
5486:
5481:Aryeh Kaplan
5475:
5471:
5462:
5444:
5429:
5423:
5417:
5390:Translations
5380:
5359:
5355:
5354:
5333:
5328:
5309:
5293:
5286:Aleppo Codex
5273:
5265:
5184:
5148:Ecclesiastes
5126:Lamentations
5071:Šīr hašŠīrīm
5064:
5050:Ecclesiastes
5046:Lamentations
5035:
5026:Five scrolls
4967:cantillation
4964:
4926:
4917:Poetic books
4901:
4665:
4622:יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
4594:
4506:
4501:
4474:
4473:
4346:
4313:2 Chronicles
4309:1 Chronicles
4290:
4274:
4264:
4255:
4246:
4234:cantillation
4210:vocalization
4193:
4179:
4169:
4161:
4143:
4137:
4113:
4089:
4078:
4056:
4051:
4037:
4030:
4015:
3968:
3959:Neo-Assyrian
3947:
3932:
3916:
3880:
3845:King David (
3844:
3812:
3759:
3755:First Temple
3724:
3697:
3654:
3642:Law of Moses
3635:
3600:
3576:
3552:
3544:polytheistic
3521:
3510:
3475:
3434:
3427:
3421:
3415:
3411:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3390:Hebrew Bible
3389:
3383:
3274:Perspectives
3135:Hermeneutics
3050:
3038:
2958:Luther Bible
2953:Gothic Bible
2942:Vetus Latina
2940:
2896:Translations
2836:Hebrew canon
2764:Antilegomena
2759:Deuterocanon
2718:
2669:Hebrew Bible
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2630:
2628:
2599:
2598:
2511:Anti-Judaism
2506:Antisemitism
2451:Samaritanism
2429:Christianity
2330:Shehecheyanu
2261:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2235:Four species
2142:Pidyon haben
2096:Rosh yeshiva
2007:
1900:Beth midrash
1846:Noahide laws
1708:
1589:Conservative
1488:
1474:
1444:
1413:
1395:, while the
1346:
1336:
1270:Samaritanism
1195:
1148:
1145:Hebrew Bible
1144:
1142:
1107:Bible portal
997: /
847:Lamentations
798:Ecclesiastes
572:Ecclesiastes
562:Lamentations
526:
466:
266:
191:
174:Hebrew Bible
173:
147:Hebrew Bible
143:
100:Christianity
64:
55:Hebrew Bible
11357:Definitions
11322:WikiProject
11200:Diatessaron
11171:Manuscripts
11124:Development
10926:Philippians
10796:Beta Israel
10714:4 Maccabees
10709:3 Maccabees
10623:2 Maccabees
10618:1 Maccabees
10400:Deuteronomy
10276:(Thelemite)
10268:(Ahmadiyya)
10248:(Mormonism)
10134:(Hinduism)
9843:Catholicism
9425:Hellenistic
9263:Eschatology
9201:Lachoudisch
9126:Lotegorisch
9104:Lachoudisch
9094:Koiné Greek
9007:Judeo-Latin
8944:Palestinian
8838:Palestinian
8687:Mustaʿravim
8613:Afghan Jews
8601:Berber Jews
8525:Bene Israel
8513:Falash Mura
8503:Beta Israel
8421:Persecution
8363:Middle Ages
8250:WikiProject
8227:Development
7582:Chaim Potok
7192:10:14, etc.
7031:pp. 250–255
6888:, pp. 1–22.
6401:Barton 2001
6389:Barton 2001
6347:Barton 2001
6079:21 February
6026:15 February
5657:1st-century
5572:Da'at Miqra
5181:Other books
4938:Sifrei Emet
4923:Sifrei Emet
4639:יִרְמְיָהוּ
4458:Deuteronomy
4436:בְּמִדְבַּר
4385:בְּרֵאשִׁית
4347:The Torah (
4226:Ben Naftali
4202:Middle Ages
3991:Jeroboam II
3912:tribal list
3893: 1250
3858:Jeroboam II
3804:Development
3778:Babylonians
3741:there from
3704:1 Samuel 31
3669:Philistines
3555:John Barton
3498:Deuteronomy
3172:Inspiration
3010:Historicity
2968:by language
2900:manuscripts
2195:Sefer Torah
2157:Bereavement
2137:Zeved habat
1920:Holy Temple
1860:Holy cities
1594:Conservadox
1501:Terminology
1405:Emanuel Tov
1355:during the
1045:4 Maccabees
1040:3 Maccabees
980:2 Maccabees
975:1 Maccabees
695:Deuteronomy
247:Deuteronomy
83:Information
11472:Categories
11408:Quotations
11259:Authorship
11189:Septuagint
11034:Pentateuch
11013:Revelation
10937:Laodiceans
10931:Colossians
10420:1–2 Samuel
10302:Geniocracy
10298:(Satanist)
10254:(Tenrikyo)
10103:(Hinduism)
10101:Upanishads
10071:(Hinduism)
10043:(Judaism)
10031:(Buddhist)
9999:(Hinduism)
9838:Anabaptism
9780:Jew (word)
9647:Leadership
9460:Literature
9445:Secularism
9391:Humanistic
9258:Conversion
9228:Philosophy
9069:Judeo-Urdu
8833:Babylonian
8678:Saada Jews
8663:Adeni Jews
8456:Ashkenazim
8411:Samaritans
8378:Population
8333:Israelites
8217:Protestant
7909:Wikisource
7777:2023-03-21
7420:2020-06-19
7321:2020-06-19
7291:2020-06-19
7256:2020-06-19
7225:התנ"ך שלנו
7186:Lekach Tov
7108:Bava Batra
7091:in Hebrew.
7072:2020-04-30
6212:2007-11-19
6179:2019-12-06
6109:2022-09-09
5867:2023-02-16
5735:References
5556:Maimonides
5552:Gersonides
5464:Tanakh Ram
5400:Septuagint
5325:Athanasius
5304:See also:
5262:Book order
5256:Chronicles
5213:דָּנִיֵּאל
5195:Chronicles
5130:Tisha B'Av
4910:כְּתוּבִים
4656:יְחֶזְקֵאל
4496:until the
4419:וַיִּקְרָא
4190:consonants
4065:, and the
3938:of Judah (
3895: – c.
3854:golden age
3753:built the
3747:2 Samuel 6
3735:2 Samuel 5
3677:1 Samuel 8
3638:the Exodus
3613:, his son
3607:patriarchs
3572:redemption
3532:Israelites
3524:monotheism
3459:after the
3378:See also:
3177:Literalism
3087:Historical
2994:Archeology
2931:Septuagint
2826:Authorship
2814:Authorship
2382:Yom Kippur
1925:Tabernacle
1670:Chosenness
1642:Philosophy
1623:Humanistic
1490:Pentateuch
1451:Protestant
1397:Samaritans
1389:Septuagint
1381:Hellenized
1274:Septuagint
1260:, and the
1244:), is the
734:1–2 Samuel
710:Historical
666:Pentateuch
625:Chronicles
595:Historical
472:(Writings)
272:(Prophets)
154:Wikisource
152:at Hebrew
11459:Resources
11442:Textbooks
11098:Johannine
10958:2 Timothy
10953:1 Timothy
10921:Ephesians
10916:Galatians
10704:Psalm 151
10572:apocrypha
10550:Zechariah
10540:Zephaniah
10425:1–2 Kings
10390:Leviticus
10308:Catechism
10304:(Raelian)
10287:Dianetics
10252:Ofudesaki
10091:(Judaism)
10029:Tripiṭaka
10005:(Jainism)
9983:Antiquity
9900:indicate
9848:Mormonism
9833:Christian
9713:Symbolism
9701:Synagogue
9681:Mythology
9642:Education
9613:Astronomy
9596:Astrology
9413:relations
9218:Zarphatic
9166:Galitzish
8968:Yeshivish
8845:Catalanic
8808:Samaritan
8783:Ashkenazi
8764:Diasporic
8759:Languages
8704:Sephardim
8699:Romaniote
8586:Krymchaks
8520:Desi Jews
8396:Buddhists
7975:The Bible
7015:John Gill
6910:Carr 2021
6730:Carr 2021
6670:Carr 2021
6646:Carr 2021
6556:Carr 2021
6544:Carr 2021
6532:Carr 2021
5835:Göttingen
5740:Footnotes
5633:Apocrypha
5560:philology
5279:Masoretic
5207:Dānīyyē’l
4981:תְהִלִּים
4881:מַלְאָכִי
4869:Zechariah
4864:זְכַרְיָה
4835:Zephaniah
4830:צְפַנְיָה
4813:חֲבַקּוּק
4745:עֹבַדְיָה
4679:Trei Asar
4650:Yəḥezqēʾl
4633:Yīrməyāhū
4616:Yəšaʿyāhū
4568:שְׁמוּאֵל
4551:שֹׁפְטִים
4534:יְהוֹשֻעַ
4480:נְבִיאִים
4453:דְּבָרִים
4424:Leviticus
4413:Vayyīqrā’
4216:, in the
4206:Masoretes
4142:wrote in
4133:Masoretes
3774:Assyrians
3731:Jerusalem
3597:Narrative
3490:Leviticus
3302:Inerrancy
3112:Canonical
3107:Redaction
2999:Artifacts
2780:Apocrypha
2709:and books
2501:Criticism
2466:Pluralism
2444:Mormonism
2350:Kol Nidre
2124:education
2049:Acharonim
1895:Synagogue
1872:Jerusalem
1554:Movements
1393:Apocrypha
1301:Masoretes
1035:Psalm 151
925:Zechariah
915:Zephaniah
818:Prophetic
739:1–2 Kings
685:Leviticus
530:(Scrolls)
442:Zechariah
432:Zephaniah
372:Yekhezqel
362:Yirmeyahu
352:Yeshayahu
227:Leviticus
177:(Judaism)
63:,
11312:Category
11211:Peshitta
11108:Catholic
11103:Pastoral
11088:Epistles
11081:Synoptic
10968:Philemon
10781:2 Baruch
10768:Peshitta
10742:Jubilees
10694:2 Esdras
10689:1 Esdras
10584:Catholic
10535:Habakkuk
10480:Jeremiah
10460:Proverbs
10440:Nehemiah
10282:(Wiccan)
10262:(Baha'i)
10154:(Shinto)
10124:Medieval
10095:Theogony
10025:(Taoist)
10022:Zhuangzi
9913:Category
9883:Hinduism
9873:Buddhism
9775:Genetics
9691:Politics
9664:Marriage
9623:Holidays
9618:Calendar
9499:Rabbinic
9475:/Hebrew
9420:Haymanot
9347:Orthodox
9334:Branches
9307:Kabbalah
9302:Haskalah
9280:Holiness
9156:dialects
9136:Shassagh
9099:Krymchak
9079:Kayliñña
8973:Yinglish
8949:Galilean
8939:Talmudic
8934:Biblical
8909:Betanure
8828:Biblical
8823:Mishnaic
8818:Medieval
8803:Tiberian
8798:Yemenite
8788:Sephardi
8724:Paradesi
8668:Ḥabbanim
8658:Teimanim
8623:Baghdadi
8596:Maghrebi
8564:Karaites
8542:Gruzínim
8530:Kochinim
8448:Diaspora
8406:Karaites
8391:Atheists
8328:Timeline
8242:Category
8212:Catholic
8149:Covenant
7999:Overview
7923:(sample)
7916:(sample)
7798:(1987).
7771:Archived
7753:(2010).
7715:Tübingen
7636:June 21,
7630:Archived
7602:June 22,
7596:Archived
7563:June 21,
7557:Archived
7527:June 21,
7521:Archived
7491:June 21,
7485:Archived
7455:June 21,
7449:Archived
7414:Archived
7342:(1995).
7315:Archived
7285:Archived
7250:Archived
7210:2 Esdras
7202:Josephus
7125:(1902).
7066:Archived
7048:(2020).
7017:(1767).
6945:Archived
6936:(1909).
6491:(2017).
6444:(2021).
6416:(2018).
6362:(2012).
6291:June 14,
6285:Archived
6259:Archived
6206:Archived
6173:Archived
6139:Archived
6128:responsa
6103:Archived
6073:Archived
6020:Archived
6018:: 1–47.
5931:Archived
5901:Archived
5861:Archived
5825:(2014).
5793:Archived
5790:"Tanach"
5666:See also
5544:yeshivas
5532:Metzudot
5294:megillot
5288:and the
5276:Tiberian
5239:Nehemiah
5086:Passover
5003:Proverbs
4998:מִשְׁלֵי
4975:Təhīllīm
4818:Habakkuk
4807:Ḥăḇaqqūq
4694:הוֹשֵׁעַ
4644:Jeremiah
4585:מְלָכִים
4528:Yəhōšúaʿ
4430:Bəmīḏbar
4379:Bərē’šīṯ
4297:2 Samuel
4293:1 Samuel
4228:and the
4218:Tiberias
4003:Psalm 20
3993:(781–742
3987:Psalm 68
3983:Psalm 29
3981:psalms,
3971:Psalm 45
3951:Exodus 2
3840:trickery
3729:city of
3727:Jebusite
3720:2 Samuel
3689:anointed
3591:theodicy
3564:covenant
3513:prophecy
3426:and the
3251:Violence
3236:Serpents
3226:Prophecy
3221:Muhammad
2936:Peshitta
2926:Targumim
2678:a series
2676:Part of
2531:Muhammad
2434:Hinduism
2407:Hanukkah
2345:Tachanun
2340:Havdalah
2205:Tefillin
2152:Marriage
2044:Rishonim
2030:Savoraim
1887:Tiberias
1836:Tzedakah
1756:Rabbinic
1655:Kabbalah
1628:Haymanot
1562:Orthodox
1515:a series
1513:Part of
1419:Peshitta
1329:Jeremiah
1285:Peshitta
1235:
1188:
1186:תַּנַ״ךְ
1073:Jubilees
1025:2 Esdras
1020:1 Esdras
910:Habakkuk
842:Jeremiah
793:Proverbs
754:Nehemiah
609:Daniyyel
527:Megillot
501:Proverbs
495:Tehillim
427:Habakkuk
358:Jeremiah
327:Melakhim
307:Shofetim
297:Yehoshua
241:Bemidbar
211:Bereshit
109:Language
88:Religion
61:תַּנַ״ךְ
11284:Studies
11252:Related
11223:Vulgate
11093:Pauline
11071:Gospels
10988:2 Peter
10983:1 Peter
10973:Hebrews
10876:Matthew
10766:Syriac
10652:Susanna
10555:Malachi
10515:Obadiah
10490:Ezekiel
10395:Numbers
10380:Genesis
10353:of the
10166:(Islam)
10148:(Islam)
10132:Puranas
10107:Enneads
9898:Italics
9723:Studies
9669:Divorce
9635:Kashrut
9630:Cuisine
9588:Culture
9519:Midrash
9514:Tosefta
9504:Mishnah
9492:Ketuvim
9487:Nevi'im
9450:Schisms
9440:Science
9430:Karaite
9401:Renewal
9362:Litvaks
9357:Hasidic
9312:Sefirot
9297:Halakha
9268:Messiah
9241:Mitzvah
9236:Beliefs
9190:Western
9176:Poylish
9171:Litvish
9161:Eastern
9151:Yiddish
9146:Shuadit
9131:Qwareña
9119:Tetuani
9114:Haketia
9089:Knaanic
9084:Kivruli
9032:Bukhori
8978:Heblish
8914:Hulaulá
8904:Barzani
8860:Yahudic
8793:Mizrahi
8653:Urfalim
8608:Mizrahi
8552:Neofiti
8547:Italkim
8476:Lita'im
8368:Zionism
8320:History
8294:Judaism
8238:Outline
8191:Warfare
7913:English
7396:Mishlei
7382:KoHeles
7212:12:45,
7178:Tanhuma
6130:of the
6063:"Torah"
5777:Sources
5588:midrash
5580:Targums
5522:in 1962
5426:in 1985
5372:Ketuvim
5368:Nevi'im
5344:Odyssey
5317:midrash
5282:codices
5230:עֶזְרָא
5199:Aramaic
5165:אֶסְתֵר
5143:קֹהֶלֶת
5137:Qōheleṯ
5108:Shavuot
5015:אִיּוֹב
4947:yields
4904:Kəṯūḇīm
4898:Ketuvim
4892:Ketuvim
4886:Malachi
4875:Malʾāḵī
4858:Zəḵaryā
4824:Ṣəfanyā
4750:Obadiah
4739:ʿŌḇaḏyā
4673:תרי עשר
4661:Ezekiel
4579:Məlāḵīm
4562:Šəmūʾēl
4490:Ketuvim
4485:Nəḇīʾīm
4475:Nevi'im
4470:Nevi'im
4464:Nevi'im
4447:Dəvārīm
4441:Numbers
4402:שְׁמֹות
4390:Genesis
4369:Chumash
4350:תּוֹרָה
4326:תרי עשר
4305:2 Kings
4301:1 Kings
4265:te`amim
4168:12:12:
4120:Scribes
4085:Luke 24
4007:Aramaic
3975:Omrides
3919:scribal
3766:Samaria
3751:Solomon
3712:Eshbaal
3683:of the
3611:Abraham
3494:Numbers
3482:Genesis
3467:Content
3441:Aramaic
3406:). The
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2651:reading
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2604:acronym
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