31:
735:
gave the Targum
Neofiti to his friend Ugo Boncompagni, who, like him, was a convert from Judaism. De Monte had censored it by deleting most references to idolatry while he owned the manuscript. In 1602 Boncampagni gave what was at that time labeled "Item 1" along with a fragmentary targum to the
755:
noticed that it differed significantly from Targum
Onkelos. It was translated and published from 1968 to 1979 and has since then been considered the most important of the Palestinian Targumim, as it is by far the most complete of the Western Targumim and perhaps the earliest as well.
1241:
732:
1937:
886:, Vol. 1: Genesis: Edición Príncipe, Inroducción General y Versión Castellana (Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1968).
661:
814:
The Codex itself has many marginal glosses containing corrections and different interpretations, perhaps drawn from Targum Pseudo-Jonathan.
926:
1858:
1740:
261:
1817:
1932:
1725:
1720:
1735:
898:
1426:
1532:
158:
1853:
1527:
1388:
1495:
654:
1613:
1490:
1341:
919:
1873:
256:
251:
715:
text, Neofiti offers lengthy expansions on the biblical text at several places. It is often more expansive than
1863:
1827:
450:
1822:
647:
1906:
1336:
912:
856:
1510:
799:
1628:
692:. The name derives from the ecclesiastical Latin word Neophyte (a new convert to a religion, in Greek
1542:
1521:
1515:
803:
209:
153:
1537:
1505:
1500:
1236:
1197:
737:
475:
384:
1843:
1715:
1572:
1433:
1173:
346:
246:
752:
1699:
1582:
1567:
1557:
1149:
720:
563:
1648:
1587:
1577:
1485:
765:
291:
1848:
1768:
1480:
1393:
1303:
1069:
956:
445:
366:
8:
1790:
1755:
1552:
1231:
1014:
984:
751:, and it remained unremarked until 1949, when Professor Jose Maria Millas Vallicrosa and
361:
351:
341:
286:
22:
1682:
1597:
1403:
1398:
1360:
1283:
1246:
1226:
1156:
682:
371:
356:
321:
795:
Hebrew text. Martin McNamara argues that
Neofiti originated in the fourth century CE.
1883:
1692:
1687:
1460:
1370:
1313:
1134:
1124:
974:
894:
525:
399:
241:
843:
McNamara, Martin, The
Aramaic Bible, Targum Neofiti 1, Michael Glazier, 1992, p. 45.
1927:
1868:
1763:
1745:
1677:
1665:
1623:
1562:
1547:
1438:
1326:
1119:
1064:
1044:
1024:
500:
430:
389:
311:
306:
97:
1660:
1638:
1592:
1139:
1099:
1074:
1004:
979:
964:
712:
593:
515:
435:
379:
135:
891:
Judaism in Late
Antiquity: Where We Stand, Issues and Debates in Ancient Judaism
1896:
1878:
1812:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1421:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1192:
1168:
1129:
1079:
1059:
1029:
1009:
994:
989:
969:
935:
872:(Harvard, Harvard Semitic Museum, 1985) (Harvard Semitic Monographs - HSM, 34).
792:
784:
748:
716:
558:
520:
495:
470:
281:
122:
771:
Díez Macho argues that
Neofiti dated to the first century CE as part of a pre-
1921:
1643:
1452:
1321:
1187:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1084:
1054:
952:
780:
505:
440:
301:
296:
39:
30:
1901:
1801:
1730:
1632:
1094:
1089:
1049:
1019:
999:
947:
772:
627:
404:
1784:
1380:
1298:
1293:
1207:
1202:
1034:
879:(The Aramaic Bible, Volume 1A) (Collegeville, MN: Michael Glazier, 1992).
394:
203:
1618:
1773:
584:
510:
747:
At that time Targum
Neofiti was titled incorrectly as a manuscript of
1288:
904:
1795:
1365:
1352:
1331:
1278:
1273:
741:
744:
bought it along with other manuscripts when the
Collegium closed.
696:
because the owners of the earliest copy were converts from
Judaism
1807:
1672:
776:
740:, the document's namesake, who preserved it until 1886, when the
708:
704:
covering all books of the Torah, with only a few damaged verses.
606:
316:
223:
83:
70:
65:
56:
1778:
1655:
1039:
798:
The language of the Targum
Neofiti is conventionally known as "
685:
538:
102:
87:
939:
788:
701:
689:
549:
198:
178:
893:, Volumes 40-41 of Handbuch der Orientalistik, BRILL, 1999,
884:
Neophyti 1: Targum Palestinense MS de la Biblioteca Vaticana
764:
Neofiti's date of origin is uncertain. The manuscript's
779:material, early geographical and historical terms,
1919:
920:
857:Online Targum Neofiti with critical apparatus
655:
927:
913:
662:
648:
262:Baraita on the Erection of the Tabernacle
16:1st-4th cent. Aramaic Torah elaboration
1938:Jews and Judaism in Palestine (region)
1920:
934:
908:
832:Dizionario biografico degli Italiani
830:Fausto Parente, "De Monte, Andrea",
1859:Other books referenced in the Bible
1818:New Testament manuscript categories
889:Jacob Neusner, Alan J. Avery-Peck,
775:textual tradition, based upon anti-
681:) is the largest of the western or
159:Mekhilta of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai
13:
1389:Testaments of the Three Patriarchs
14:
1949:
870:The Grammar of the Targum Neofiti
850:
768:dates the copy to 1504 in Rome.
700:The extant copy consists of 450
29:
1874:Biblical and Quranic narratives
862:
791:words, and some supposedly pre-
257:Baraita on the Thirty-two Rules
252:Baraita of the Forty-nine Rules
837:
824:
1:
1933:History of Palestine (region)
817:
451:Iggeret of Rabbi Sherira Gaon
7:
624:Targum to the Five Megillot
10:
1954:
1854:English Bible translations
1242:Song of the Three Children
726:
1892:
1836:
1754:
1708:
1606:
1451:
1414:
1379:
1350:
1312:
1257:
1164:
1148:
946:
877:Targum Neofiti 1: Genesis
806:" of the Targum Onkelos.
759:
210:Mekhilta le-Sefer Devarim
154:Mekhilta of Rabbi Ishmael
738:College of the Neophytes
1716:Intertestamental period
882:Díez Macho, Alejandro,
809:
347:Pirkei De-Rabbi Eliezer
247:Alphabet of Rabbi Akiva
204:Sifrei Zutta on Numbers
191:Numbers and Deuteronomy
1700:Apocalyptic literature
1337:Paralipomena of Baruch
721:Targum Pseudo-Jonathan
564:Targum Pseudo-Jonathan
1864:Additional Scriptures
1828:New Testament uncials
802:" as opposed to the "
292:Pesikta de-Rav Kahana
179:Sifra (Torat Kohanim)
1849:Bible version debate
1823:New Testament papyri
1769:Samaritan Pentateuch
1394:Testament of Abraham
1332:1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan
753:Alejandro Díez Macho
633:Targum to Chronicles
446:Shir ha-Shirim Zutta
367:Shir HaShirim Rabbah
1791:Muratorian fragment
1726:New Testament canon
1721:Old Testament canon
1614:Chapters and verses
1232:Additions to Daniel
1198:Additions to Esther
800:Palestinian Aramaic
719:, but less so than
711:translation of the
362:Ecclesiastes Rabbah
352:Tanna Devei Eliyahu
342:Avot de-Rabbi Natan
287:Lamentations Rabbah
47:Talmudic literature
23:Rabbinic literature
1404:Testament of Jacob
1399:Testament of Isaac
1284:Prayer of Manasseh
1247:Bel and the Dragon
1227:Letter of Jeremiah
875:McNamara, Martin,
868:Golomb, David M.,
804:Babylonian Aramaic
372:Deuteronomy Rabbah
357:Alphabet of Sirach
322:Megillat Antiochus
1915:
1914:
1884:Textual criticism
1447:
1446:
1371:Psalms of Solomon
1314:Orthodox Tewahedo
899:978-90-04-11282-7
707:More than a mere
672:
671:
639:
638:
601:
600:
579:
578:
533:
532:
526:Smaller midrashim
483:
482:
458:
457:
412:
411:
400:Baraita of Samuel
329:
328:
269:
268:
242:Seder Olam Rabbah
218:
217:
186:
185:
166:
165:
130:
129:
110:
109:
103:Babylonian Talmud
78:
77:
1945:
1764:Dead Sea Scrolls
1746:Dating the Bible
1624:Historical books
1261:Eastern Orthodox
1174:Eastern Orthodox
1162:
1161:
1155:
929:
922:
915:
906:
905:
844:
841:
835:
834:, vol. 38 (1990)
828:
664:
657:
650:
603:
602:
581:
580:
546:
545:
501:Yalkut haMachiri
485:
484:
460:
459:
431:Midrash Tehillim
414:
413:
390:Midrash Proverbs
331:
330:
312:Seder Olam Zutta
307:Leviticus Rabbah
271:
270:
231:
230:
188:
187:
168:
167:
143:
142:
136:Halakhic Midrash
112:
111:
98:Jerusalem Talmud
80:
79:
53:
52:
33:
19:
18:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1888:
1832:
1750:
1741:Christian canon
1704:
1639:Prophetic books
1602:
1533:2 Thessalonians
1528:1 Thessalonians
1443:
1410:
1375:
1346:
1308:
1267:
1253:
1181:
1153:
1152:
1144:
955:
951:
942:
933:
865:
853:
848:
847:
842:
838:
829:
825:
820:
812:
762:
733:Andrea de Monte
729:
679:Targum Neophyti
668:
615:Targum Tehillim
594:Targum Jonathan
568:Fragment Targum
516:Midrash HaGadol
436:Midrash Hashkem
380:Pesikta Rabbati
224:Aggadic Midrash
123:Minor Tractates
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1951:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1879:Synod of Hippo
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1813:Masoretic Text
1810:
1805:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1760:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1649:Minor prophets
1646:
1644:Major prophets
1636:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1457:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1422:Pseudepigrapha
1418:
1416:
1415:Classification
1412:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1385:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1361:Psalms 152–155
1357:
1355:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1229:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1015:1–2 Chronicles
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
961:
959:
944:
943:
932:
931:
924:
917:
909:
903:
902:
887:
880:
873:
864:
861:
860:
859:
852:
851:External links
849:
846:
845:
836:
822:
821:
819:
816:
811:
808:
761:
758:
749:Targum Onkelos
728:
725:
717:Targum Onkelos
675:Targum Neofiti
670:
669:
667:
666:
659:
652:
644:
641:
640:
637:
636:
635:
634:
631:
625:
622:
619:
618:Targum Mishlei
616:
610:
609:
599:
598:
597:
596:
588:
587:
577:
576:
575:
574:
572:Targum Neofiti
569:
566:
561:
559:Targum Onkelos
553:
552:
542:
541:
535:
534:
531:
530:
529:
528:
523:
521:Numbers Rabbah
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
496:Yalkut Shimoni
490:
489:
481:
480:
479:
478:
476:Sefer haYashar
473:
471:Midrash Tadshe
465:
464:
456:
455:
454:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
425:
419:
418:
410:
409:
408:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
385:Midrash Shmuel
382:
377:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
336:
335:
327:
326:
325:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
282:Genesis Rabbah
276:
275:
267:
266:
265:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
236:
235:
227:
226:
220:
219:
216:
215:
214:
213:
206:
201:
193:
192:
184:
183:
182:
181:
173:
172:
164:
163:
162:
161:
156:
148:
147:
139:
138:
132:
131:
128:
127:
126:
125:
117:
116:
108:
107:
106:
105:
100:
92:
91:
76:
75:
74:
73:
68:
60:
59:
49:
48:
44:
43:
36:Talmud Readers
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1950:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1496:2 Corinthians
1494:
1492:
1491:1 Corinthians
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1453:New Testament
1450:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1434:New Testament
1432:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1349:
1343:
1342:Broader canon
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1151:
1147:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1055:Song of Songs
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
962:
960:
958:
954:
953:Old Testament
949:
945:
941:
937:
930:
925:
923:
918:
916:
911:
910:
907:
900:
896:
892:
888:
885:
881:
878:
874:
871:
867:
866:
858:
855:
854:
840:
833:
827:
823:
815:
807:
805:
801:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
781:New Testament
778:
774:
769:
767:
757:
754:
750:
745:
743:
739:
734:
724:
722:
718:
714:
710:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
684:
680:
676:
665:
660:
658:
653:
651:
646:
645:
643:
642:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
613:
612:
611:
608:
605:
604:
595:
592:
591:
590:
589:
586:
583:
582:
573:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
556:
555:
554:
551:
548:
547:
544:
543:
540:
537:
536:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
506:Midrash Jonah
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
493:
492:
491:
487:
486:
477:
474:
472:
469:
468:
467:
466:
462:
461:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
441:Exodus Rabbah
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
426:
423:
422:
421:
420:
416:
415:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:Devarim Zutta
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
339:
338:
337:
333:
332:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
302:Midrash Iyyob
300:
298:
297:Esther Rabbah
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
279:
278:
277:
273:
272:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
239:
238:
237:
233:
232:
229:
228:
225:
222:
221:
211:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
196:
195:
194:
190:
189:
180:
177:
176:
175:
174:
170:
169:
160:
157:
155:
152:
151:
150:
149:
145:
144:
141:
140:
137:
134:
133:
124:
121:
120:
119:
118:
114:
113:
104:
101:
99:
96:
95:
94:
93:
89:
85:
82:
81:
72:
69:
67:
64:
63:
62:
61:
58:
55:
54:
51:
50:
46:
45:
41:
40:Adolf Behrman
37:
32:
28:
27:
24:
21:
20:
1802:Vetus Latina
1800:
1783:
1736:Jewish canon
1731:Antilegomena
1633:Poetic Books
1629:Wisdom books
1607:Subdivisions
1520:
1225: /
1150:Deuterocanon
1070:Lamentations
1050:Ecclesiastes
957:(protocanon)
948:Hebrew Bible
890:
883:
876:
869:
863:Bibliography
839:
831:
826:
813:
797:
770:
763:
746:
730:
706:
697:
693:
678:
674:
673:
628:Targum Sheni
621:Targum Iyyov
571:
463:1000–1200 CE
405:Targum Sheni
35:
1907:WikiProject
1785:Diatessaron
1756:Manuscripts
1709:Development
1511:Philippians
1381:Beta Israel
1299:4 Maccabees
1294:3 Maccabees
1208:2 Maccabees
1203:1 Maccabees
985:Deuteronomy
783:parallels,
683:Palestinian
427:Eichah Zuta
417:900–1000 CE
395:Ruth Rabbah
1922:Categories
1844:Authorship
1774:Septuagint
1619:Pentateuch
1598:Revelation
1522:Laodiceans
1516:Colossians
1005:1–2 Samuel
818:References
694:neophutos)
511:Ein Yaakov
334:650–900 CE
274:400–600 CE
1683:Johannine
1543:2 Timothy
1538:1 Timothy
1506:Ephesians
1501:Galatians
1289:Psalm 151
1157:apocrypha
1135:Zechariah
1125:Zephaniah
1010:1–2 Kings
975:Leviticus
793:masoretic
773:Christian
731:In 1587,
630:to Esther
424:Ruth Zuta
234:Tannaitic
171:Leviticus
57:Tannaitic
1897:Category
1796:Peshitta
1693:Catholic
1688:Pastoral
1673:Epistles
1666:Synoptic
1553:Philemon
1366:2 Baruch
1353:Peshitta
1327:Jubilees
1279:2 Esdras
1274:1 Esdras
1169:Catholic
1120:Habakkuk
1065:Jeremiah
1045:Proverbs
1025:Nehemiah
777:halakhic
766:colophon
686:Targumim
1928:Targums
1869:Studies
1837:Related
1808:Vulgate
1678:Pauline
1656:Gospels
1573:2 Peter
1568:1 Peter
1558:Hebrews
1461:Matthew
1351:Syriac
1237:Susanna
1140:Malachi
1100:Obadiah
1075:Ezekiel
980:Numbers
965:Genesis
938:of the
901:, 118f.
742:Vatican
727:History
709:Aramaic
688:on the
607:Ketuvim
585:Nevi'im
317:Tanhuma
84:Amoraic
71:Tosefta
66:Mishnah
1902:Portal
1779:Targum
1588:3 John
1583:2 John
1578:1 John
1486:Romans
1439:Jewish
1264:Others
1223:Baruch
1218:Sirach
1213:Wisdom
1193:Judith
1178:Others
1130:Haggai
1080:Daniel
1060:Isaiah
1040:Psalms
1030:Esther
995:Judges
990:Joshua
970:Exodus
897:
760:Dating
713:Hebrew
702:folios
539:Targum
146:Exodus
88:Gemara
1563:James
1548:Titus
1322:Enoch
1188:Tobit
1115:Nahum
1110:Micah
1105:Jonah
1085:Hosea
940:Bible
936:Books
789:Latin
785:Greek
690:Torah
550:Torah
488:Later
199:Sifre
115:Later
1661:List
1593:Jude
1481:Acts
1476:John
1471:Luke
1466:Mark
1427:list
1304:Odes
1095:Amos
1090:Joel
1020:Ezra
1000:Ruth
895:ISBN
810:Text
787:and
677:(or
1154:and
1035:Job
38:by
1924::
723:.
1635:)
1631:(
950:/
928:e
921:t
914:v
698:.
663:e
656:t
649:v
212:)
208:(
90:)
86:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.