Third Anglo-Afghan War

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they were able to set fire to a number of food stores. This made the situation in the fort dire, as the supply situation had already been low. Other factors also stacked up against the British. Eustace's force was outnumbered and outgunned. He possessed no regular British infantry and his four battalions were inexperienced Indian units, consisting mainly of young recruits. After repelling an infantry assault on 29th May, the following day the garrison was subjected to a heavy bombardment from Afghan guns. As a result of this, the British decided to bring the 16th Infantry Division, consisting of the 45th and 46th Infantry Brigades, up to Peshawar from Lahore, for the purpose of advancing on Jalalabad and have it move up to Kurram. While part of the division was detached to defend

2506: 52: 210: 198: 184: 125: 2584: 743: 250: 238: 226: 142: 158: 5272: 1649: 2134:(TF), part-time soldiers usually only intended for home defence but who had volunteered for overseas service, had been sent in order to release regular units for the fighting in France. After four years of mundane garrison duty, away from their families and disaffected, most of these men were really only interested in demobilisation and returning to Britain to get on with their lives. They were in no way prepared for a hard-fought campaign on the Indian frontier. 2541:, however, due to the uniqueness of the North-West Frontier and also due to inter-service politics the plan was not accepted until later. In 1937, it was eventually decided that should another war break out with Afghanistan, or in the event of a major tribal uprising, the RAF would take the offensive, while the ground forces would act defensively. During the course of the conflict, British aircraft losses included at least one plane crashed and two shot down. 5454: 1638: 2361:

occupied Dacca, however, the British camp was poorly sited for defence and as a consequence they came under an intense long-range artillery barrage from Afghan artillery before Amanullah launched an infantry assault on them. This assault was defeated and the British launched a counter-attack the following day, however, they were unable to consolidate their position, and as a result it was not until 17 May that the area was secured and the Afghans withdrew.

1954: 2329: 1895:. The Afghan army suspected Amanullah's complicity in the death of his father. Needing a way of cementing his power, upon seizing the throne in April 1919, Amanullah posed as a supporter of democratic ideals, promising governmental reforms. He stated that there should be no forced labour, tyranny, or oppression, and that Afghanistan should be free and independent and no longer bound by the Treaty of Gandamak. 5464: 2083: 2561:

hostilities and Nadir Khan asked Dyer to acknowledge that he would honour the armistice. Unaware that this request had been made, and uncertain as to whether the message and request for a cease fire was a ruse on Nadir Khan's part, Dyer decided that he would not take any chances and sent the reply: "My guns will give an immediate reply, but your letter will be forwarded to the Divisional Commander".

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to launching an attack. The ability of the British to project airpower, even small scale raids, had considerable psychological effects. For example, the single-plane raid on the palace which took place on 24th May 1919, although producing little actual damage, nevertheless greatly affected the morale of Afghan citizens and contributed to bringing Amanullah to request an armistice.

2130:. As such, many regiments had lost almost all of their most experienced men. Likewise, the British Army in India had been gutted. Prior to 1914 there had been 61 British regiments serving in India. However, of these, all but ten (two cavalry and eight infantry) had been withdrawn in order to fight in Europe or the Middle East. In their place, units of the 2497:

attacked both ends with his artillery, while sending his infantry against the southern approach. Unable to withstand the attack, the tribesmen retreated and as a result the way through to Eustace's garrison was cleared. During the siege, the British suffered 94 casualties, of which eight were killed, four died of wounds and 82 were wounded.

2728: 2743:"Afghanistan 1919". No other battle honours for individual engagements were issued. Additionally, unlike the first two Anglo-Afghan wars where individual campaign ribbons were issued for separate engagements, no campaign medal was struck for this conflict. Instead, participation in this conflict was recognised by a clasp to the 2397:. As a result, it was decided to disarm and disband the regiment in an effort to stop the spread of similar sentiment to other regiments. Following this Lord Chelmsford decided that the situation could be resolved by continuing the advance further into Afghanistan and gave the order for the brigade in Dacca to march towards 1847:

as he attempted to play both sides of the conflict for the best deal. Through continual prevarication, he resisted numerous requests for assistance from the Central Powers, but failed to keep in check troublesome tribal leaders, intent on undermining British rule in India, as Turkish agents attempted

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the Durand Line was demarcated by Sir Mortimer Durand and accepted by Afghanistan and British India as the territorial boundary by agreement signed on November 12, 1893. It was confirmed by the Amir Habibullah in 1905; in the Anglo-Afghan Treaty of Peace of August 8, 1919 and the Anglo-Afghan Treaty

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that was long encouraged by Nadir Khan. The tribesmen, always ready to exploit governmental weakness, whether real or perceived, banded together in the common cause of disorder and unrest. They had become well-armed as a result of the conflict, from which they benefitted greatly from the weapons and

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On 3 June, the Afghan camp at Yusef Khel was seized by two platoons from the 1st/25th London and two troops from the 37th Lancers supported by a section of guns from the 89th Battery. Following this Dyer received a telegram ordering to break off his pursuit as an armistice came into effect that day.

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had launched the initial assault, however, they were forced to stop their attack when they ran out of ammunition at 08.00 hours, and although a resupply was effected at 10.30 hours, it was not until 14.00 hours that the attack was resumed. By this time the troops were exposed to the heat of the day;

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In contrast to many historical accounts, Afghanistan did recognise the Durand Line as an international border. Abdur Rahman Khan's successor, Amir Habibullah Khan, in 1905 signed a new agreement with Britain confirming the legality of the Durand Line. More importantly, article 5 of the Anglo-Afghan

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The award of the battle honour was made in four separate Army and Governor General's orders. The earliest, Army Order 97/24, granted the honour to 14 British units. Governor General's Order 193/26 made awards to Indian Army Corps. Governor General's Order 1409/26 made awards to Indian States Forces

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might possibly open as the victorious Whites might be grateful for British support, rendering the need for a buffer state in Central Asia irrelevant. The British also stopped arms sales from India to Afghanistan. But, as British influence declined, the Afghans were able to gain control of their own

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attacks on London. In his letter to the British government he said, "It is a matter of great regret that the throwing of bombs by Zeppelins on London was denounced as a most savage act and the bombardment of places of worship and sacred spots was considered a most abominable operation, while now we

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proved to be one of the greatest assets that the British possessed during this conflict. Not only did it allow them to extend their reach beyond the border and bomb Kabul, but it also enabled them to harass the retreating enemy and to break up tribesmen as they attempted to form larger groups prior

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Seeing that the situation was deteriorating for the British and seeing an opportunity, Nadir Khan decided to attack Thal. As the Frontier Constabulary had abandoned their posts, on the night of 28th/29th May the Afghans were able to occupy a tower 500 yards (460 m) from the fort and from there

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nevertheless, after another barrage was called down, the Sikhs assaulted the Afghan line despite the heat and the attack was carried to the top of the ridge. Upon reaching the escarpment they found that the Afghans had fled the battlefield, leaving most of their equipment, artillery and a number of

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Meanwhile, the previous day, British and Indian forces had launched an attack on 'Stonehenge Ridge', where an Afghan force of about 3,000 men had established themselves with a number of artillery pieces and machine guns. Under cover of a preliminary bombardment to soften up the Afghan defences, men

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As the Afghans were forced back over the border, the RAF followed them across and carried out a number of bombing runs. The rout was total and tribesman that might have otherwise have been expected to counterattack in support of the Afghans decided against doing so, instead turning their efforts to

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The British believed in the negotiations that by letting Afghanistan become independent, it would still be reliant on British military and economic aid, and thus accepted the treaty and the recognition of Afghanistan as an independent state. Despite this, British and Afghan diplomats often snubbed

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of the Emir accepting the subsidy. Amanullah also received little but a letter recognizing Afghanistan's independence, with Afghan government propaganda trying to conceal it by claiming the war was a complete victory. The British had traditionally wanted Afghanistan as a buffer state between India

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Amanullah had his uncle Nasrullah arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for Habibullah's murder. Nasrullah had been the leader of a more conservative element in Afghanistan, and his treatment rendered Amanullah's position as Amir somewhat tenuous. By April 1919, Amanullah realised that if he

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Although Amanullah continued to profess that he had no untoward intentions, Roos-Keppel decided that it was prudent to continue the advance and ordered the army to pursue the Afghans across the border. On 13 May British and Indian troops seized control of the western Khyber without opposition and

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Meanwhile, a cordon was thrown around Peshawar and demands were made for the population to hand over the uprising's ringleaders. Amid threats that the city's water supply would be cut, the inhabitants complied and by dawn on 8th May the situation in the city was under control and the threat of an

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looting the battlefield and gathering the arms and ammunition that the retreating Afghans had left behind. Casualties during the battle, later known as the Second Battle of Bagh, amounted to 100 Afghans killed and 300 wounded, while the British and Indian forces lost eight killed and 31 wounded.

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By this stage more reinforcements were available and the garrison at Landi Kotal grew to brigade-size, with the arrival of the rest of the 1st Infantry Brigade under Brigadier G.D. Crocker. On 9 May the British and Indian troops launched an attack on the Afghans that had seized Bagh the previous

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Many of these units did not exist at the time of the war but were formed as part of the reorganisation of the Indian Army in 1922; however, the decision was made to award the battle honour to the successor units of those involved in the war. The honour was not awarded to regiments that had been

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After this Dyer continued his attack and as Nadir Khan's force withdrew from the area, Dyer followed them up with cavalry and armoured cars from the 37th Lancers, while the RAF, using machine guns and iron bombs, attacked and dispersed about 400 tribesmen that were in the area and which posed a

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On 2 June, at dawn Dyer's brigade launched an attack on the Afghan regulars that were positioned away to the west of Thal. As this attack went in Nadir Khan sent out an envoy to deliver a message to the brigade commander. The message told Dyer that Amir Amanullah had ordered Nadir Khan to cease

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of troops from the British Indian Army. Although initially considered a minor border infraction, this attack was actually part of the wider invasion plan. For whatever reason the attack had been launched ahead of schedule, however, for Amanullah had intended initially for it to coincide with an

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The main problem for the British was discontent among their soldiers. The troops in India were no longer as uncritical as they had been when considering what they were being asked to do. Like other units of the British Army, many of the troops considered the war over and looked forward to being

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The circumstances behind the war were complicated as was the final settlement. In going to war in 1919 against British India, Amir Amanullah's war aims were complicated. Even up against a depleted British Indian Army, a tactical victory was unlikely; however, the war served the dual purpose of

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Despite the conditions, however, the British and Indian troops under Dyer's command rose to the occasion and covered the last 18 miles (29 km) in under 12 hours and on 1st June they ran into a blocking force of tribesman that barred both the northern and southern approaches to Thal. Dyer

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to help quell the unrest there. Two days later, on 11 May, a second attack was made on Bagh by the 1st and 2nd Infantry Brigades, under Major General Fowler, and this time it proved successful. Supported with 22 machine guns and 18 artillery pieces, the attack was preceded by a thirty-minute

3384:, an enclosed area in Amritsar. Fearing that the agitators would incite the crowd to violence and murder and that he had a very small force to protect the European community, Dyer marched 50 men into the Bagh and subsequently opened fire, killing 379 and wounding a further 1,500. 1863:

The Turko-German mission left Kabul in 1916. By that time, however, it had successfully convinced Habibullah that Afghanistan was an independent nation and that it should be beholden to no one. With the end of the First World War, Habibullah sought to obtain rewards from the

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Following a similar trend to what was happening in Afghanistan, there had been a rising nationalist movement in India at the same time, culminating in riots and disorder in Punjab. On 13 April 1919, Dyer learnt that a large political meeting was taking place at the

1808:(1879) it accepted that in external matters it would "...have no windows looking on the outside world, except towards India". Though in reality, this was not enforced, and Afghanistan continued diplomatic interactions with other nations outside of British approval. 1962:

Afghan regular units...were ill-trained, ill-paid, and probably under strength. The cavalry was little better than indifferent infantry mounted on equally indifferent ponies. Rifles varied between modern German, Turkish and British types, to obsolete

2032:'s central reserve of one infantry division and one cavalry brigade. From this, they formed a striking force of two infantry divisions and two cavalry brigades for offensive operations on the Kyber front with the possibility of using it also in the 476: 1983:. Ammunition was in short supply and distribution must have been very difficult. For the artillery much black powder was used, both as a propellent and bursting charge for shells. The Kabul arsenal workshops were elementary and mainly staffed by 3422:

The order of battle shows, however, that of the 13 British infantry battalions nine were regular, although they had many men who had only volunteered for the First World War. One of the TF battalions had previously been engaged in operations in

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could not find a way to placate the conservatives, he would be unlikely to maintain his hold on power. Looking for a diversion from the internal strife in the Afghan court and sensing advantage in the rising civil unrest in India following the

2456:. Concerned that they would rise up against him if left to their own devices, Eustace gave the order to abandon the militia outposts, but in doing so, precipitated the desertion of many of the militiamen. This disaffection spread and the 2659:

Although the fighting concluded in August 1919, its effects continued to be felt in the region for some time afterwards. The nationalism and disruption that it had sparked stirred up more unrest in the years to come, particularly in

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deflecting domestic criticism and also offering the opportunity for strategic political gains. Following the wars conclusion, Amanullah Khan was hailed as a hero across Muslim world, with some even calling for him to become the new

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led indirectly to the war that began 18 years later. His successor, Habibullah, was a pragmatic leader who sided with Britain or Russia depending on Afghan interests. Despite considerable resentment over not being consulted on the

2620:– which had long been a contentious issue between the two nations – as a border separating Afghanistan from the North-West Frontier, and the undertaking that the Afghans made to stop interference on the British side of the line. 2444:) and, in the process, seized the initiative in the south; however, the situation in the centre of the war zone, around Kurram, remained desperate for the British. The Afghan forces in this area were under the command of General 1933:

pieces, organised into 70 batteries, in support. In addition to this, however, in a boost to the army's strength, the Afghan command could call upon the loyalty of up to 80,000 frontier tribesmen and an indeterminate number of

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demobilised. The Indian Army had been heavily committed to the First World War and had suffered a large number of casualties. Many of its units still had not returned from overseas, and those that had had begun the process of

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One of Amanullah's first actions was to launch a surprise attack on the British in what became the third Anglo-Afghan war (1919). An Afghan victory forced the British to end their formal enroachments on Afghanistan's

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In response to this the British Indian government declared war upon Afghanistan on 6th May and ordered a general mobilisation of the British and Indian forces. It was decided next that the two companies of Sikhs and

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detachments increased their firepower and reach, the latter being demonstrated to the Afghans by a bombing raid on Kabul itself. They could also direct the fire of the 60-pounders. The RAF squadrons involved were

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were probably the best troops that the Afghans had, being of excellent fighting quality, well armed, mainly with weapons that they had made themselves or stolen from the garrisons and with plenty of ammunition.

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units under British command. In reality, the Afghan regular army was not ready for war. As in past years, the upper levels of the officer corps were riddled with political intrigue. In his book on the campaign,

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The British only controlled Afghanistan's foreign affairs on paper, while in reality, the Emirate of Afghanistan had been interacting with many nations diplomatically on their own, violating the terms of the

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Casualties during the conflict amounted to approximately 1,000 Afghans killed in action, while the British and Indian forces faced around 1,751 dead or wounded, with hundreds of others dying to disease.

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Despite some initial success, the Afghan invasion was however repelled by the British, the latter who were reinforced and responded in force. The Afghans were then driven back across the border via the

3483:, pp. 169–170 describes British air assets as being "war torn" and lacking power to fly over the mountains, instead having to fly through the Khyber Pass or using gusts of wind to clear obstacles. 2353:, who charged into the Afghan positions with bayonets fixed and drove them into the Lower Khyber, where they were subjected to further indirect fire from mountain guns that had been set up in ambush. 2288:

that had been sent to Landi Kotal needed to be reinforced, however, the mobilisation process had only just begun and at that stage there was only one battalion available for this, so on 7th May the

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week. The attack, however, failed when the brigade commander decided to split his forces and detach almost half his force to protect his flank and as a result was unable to achieve the necessary

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ammunition that the Afghans had left behind and from an influx of manpower in large numbers of deserters from the militia that had joined their ranks. With these additions they launched a

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in the Russian Civil War with the British contributing more arms to the Whites than all other nations combined. It was assumed in London that if the Whites won the Civil War, a new era in

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turned on their officers and any men who had remained loyal and attacked them. The survivors, under Major Russell, the commandant, were forced to fight their way out to a column of the

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a decade before had left many in doubt of joining the war directly, holding sentiments to refuse both an Afghan, or British army to cross through the territory of the frontier tribes.

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On 29 May Amanullah requested for an armistice which, despite some protests, his Afghan commanders reluctantly agreed to. This was sent to the British Indian government on 31 May.

581: 3124: 3119: 3067: 546: 376: 346: 1804:, during which time the British attempted to manage Afghan foreign policy through the payment of a large subsidy. While the country ostensibly remained independent, under the 396: 7910: 2937: 2932: 1773:

The root cause of the Third Anglo-Afghan War took hold long before fighting commenced. For the British in India, Afghanistan was seen as a threat. The British worried about

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to fight overseas and news of British defeats at the hands of the Ottomans aided Ottoman agents in their efforts at sedition, and in 1915 there was unrest amongst the

3184: 521: 421: 366: 356: 351: 1903:, Amanullah decided to invade British India. Afghan historians typically represent the Third Anglo-Afghan War as a war of independence, while in reality, it was a 618: 471: 341: 4494:

Treaty of 1919, on the basis of which Afghanistan reclaimed its independence, says that Afghanistan accepted all previously agreed border arrangements with India.

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The end of the Second Afghan War in 1880, marked the beginning of almost 40 years of good relations between Britain and Afghanistan, under the leadership of

608: 566: 551: 486: 2379:. During the assault the British and Indian forces lost 22 killed and 157 wounded, while Afghan losses were estimated at around 200 killed and 400 wounded. 6917: 3144: 2604:

was raging and any threat from Russia to India at the time was potential rather than real. Moreover, the British were by far the largest supporters of the

2485:—who had been at the centre of the Amritsar massacre—set out to relieve Eustace's force at Thal. Dyer's force consisted of only one British battalion, the 2322: 466: 6661: 2834: 2591:

The treaty of Rawalpindi was concluded on 8th August 1919. As a result of the peace treaty that was negotiated, the British ceased payment of the Afghan

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in Kandahar. When 'Abd al-Quddus was finally capable of marching into Balochistan, the armistice was already signed and the war had come to an end.

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In 1919, the Afghan regular army was not a very formidable force, and was only able to muster some 50,000 men. These men were organised into 21

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for his assistance during the war. Looking for British recognition of Afghanistan's independence in foreign affairs, he demanded a seat at the

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Despite remaining neutral in the conflict, Habibullah did in fact accept a Turkish-German mission in Kabul and military assistance from the

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each other as a result of the war, which the British did not forget. In one occasion, as the Afghans attempted to open diplomatic ties to

2493:, Punjabis and Gurkhas, and short of rations and possessing no transport, they were forced to march through intense heat to relieve Thal. 2251:

The conflict began on 3rd May 1919 when Afghan troops crossed the frontier at the western end of the Khyber Pass and captured the town of

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intentions, concerned that an invasion of India could be launched by Tsarist forces through Afghanistan. This period became known as the

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Indeed, as a result of the war and the lessons that were learned about the potential of airpower in the region, following the war, the

1873: 1612: 596: 2340:, concentrating at Jamrud and Kacha Garhi. At the same time, the 6th Brigade from the 2nd Infantry Division moved up to Peshawar from 613: 591: 6362: 3092: 2846: 2828: 2640:

in retaliation attempted to humiliate British diplomats there who were negotiating a treaty, which resulted in Afghan delegations to

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artificers with much ingenuity but little real skill. There was no organised transport and arrangements for supply were rudimentary.

1422: 1142: 8177: 8157: 8018: 7537: 7140: 6910: 5963: 8197: 6347: 5351: 2902: 2780: 2522: 2376: 2142:

Amanullah Khan raised three armies planned for his invasion of British India through a three-pronged attack. The raised force in

1337: 4573: 2452:, possessed only four battalions. To make matters worse, the only troops protecting the upper Tochi Valley were the disaffected 8162: 8000: 6148: 3284: 2887: 1723:, with the British occupying Dacca on 13 May. Further Afghan incursions and tribal uprisings attacks were contained such as in 688: 7333: 6377: 5518: 5090: 5052: 5033: 4933: 4895: 4876: 4838: 4815: 4775: 4756: 4737: 4716: 3544: 1590: 1397: 7007: 1860:. Notwithstanding these outbreaks, the frontier generally remained settled at a time when Britain could ill afford trouble. 1367: 8090: 7363: 7176: 5206: 2079:. However, most batteries had only four guns. Finally, there were also 15 pounder guns of the Frontier Garrison Artillery. 1672: 451: 230: 1991:

In support of the regulars, the Afghan command expected to call out the tribes, which could gather up to 20,000 or 30,000

8167: 8006: 7940: 6903: 6478: 6138: 6133: 6063: 5196: 3259: 3254: 3249: 2670: 2665: 2636:, the British informed the Italians that they had to recognize the British influence in the country. Afghan diplomats in 2505: 102: 3517:

This was an undeclared war that lasted from 4 May to 3 June and resulted in Afghanistan's winning complete independence.

1907:. Upon his accession, Amanullah had already declared Afghanistan independent, and the British incapable of stopping it. 7218: 6473: 6382: 6352: 6158: 5439: 3299: 2744: 2131: 2051:

Artillery was also in short supply, and the three frontier divisions each had a British field artillery brigade of the

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were also used in bombing and strafing attacks on the frontier tribes as well as targets within Afghanistan, including

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see with our own eyes that such operations were a habit which is prevalent amongst all civilized people of the West."

8152: 7819: 7164: 7013: 6751: 6681: 6636: 6420: 5500: 5419: 5071: 4980: 4952: 4914: 4794: 4694: 4459: 3279: 1560: 2224:. However, 'Abd al-Quddus's late arrival saw a revolt by religious leaders which he had to suppress with the aid of 1880:. Further negotiations were scheduled, but before they could begin Habibullah was assassinated on 19 February 1919. 8036: 7043: 6666: 6626: 6488: 6330: 6189: 6128: 5186: 2872: 2425:

and the Zhob Valley. On 23rd May the British posts around the Kurram Valley had to be abandoned. The following day

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being refused. British diplomatic mail and letters were rejected, and the British government refused to refer to

2486: 1665: 1641: 1622: 1570: 1432: 722: 643: 536: 526: 2401:, but this order could not be carried out as fighting broke out further to the south and in the eastern Khyber. 2336:

Following this the 2nd and 3rd Infantry Brigades of the 1st Infantry Division were dispatched from Nowshera and

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King Amanullah objected to the British about the air raids on Kabul, citing British condemnation of the German

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of resistance against British authority on the North-West Frontier that was to last until the end of the Raj.

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attacked Kabul; however, it did little to stem the tide, and the supply situation in Landi Kotal grew worse.

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front. There were also three frontier brigades as well as a number of frontier militia and irregular corps.

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and he possessed a force of some 14 battalions. Against this, the British at Thal, under Brigadier General

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The war, albeit short, is often incorrectly perceived as a war for independence, when in reality, it was a

1585: 1407: 1377: 77: 7405: 6895: 668: 7922: 7874: 7459: 7260: 6870: 6817: 6671: 6507: 6458: 6182: 6030: 5429: 5171: 2578: 1869: 1743: 992: 818: 426: 97: 2758:

The Army Order was unusual in that a mistake was made in awarding the Afghanistan 1919 battle honour to

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areas. One infantry division and a so-called "mounted" brigade were also detailed for operations on the

8147: 8132: 7483: 7411: 7351: 7200: 6676: 6410: 6163: 5457: 5371: 5120: 3032: 1257: 750: 461: 4518: 7741: 7128: 7055: 6971: 6230: 5702: 5572: 5381: 3396:

The Indian Army sent over a million men overseas, and suffered approximately 115,000 casualties, see

2064: 1781:. In an effort to negate this threat, the British made numerous attempts at imposing their will upon 1708: 768: 628: 531: 436: 3221:, and not all units that took part in the war were awarded the battle honour, e.g. 1/5th Battalion, 2509:

Aerial photograph of the Amir's palace during the bombing raid on Kabul, Afghanistan, on 24 May 1919

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In meeting this threat, the British could call on a much larger force. In May 1919, the British and

1971:. Few infantry units had bayonets. Artillery was ponydrawn, or pack, and included modern 10 cm 7994: 7807: 7753: 7639: 7627: 7597: 7339: 7230: 7031: 7025: 6797: 6766: 6587: 6446: 6143: 5958: 5467: 3244: 2711: 2418: 2072: 2041: 1817: 1724: 1287: 638: 481: 2529:, proposed controlling the frontier by air power alone. This plan had proven highly successful in 7958: 7892: 7729: 7693: 7495: 7471: 7429: 7302: 7290: 7212: 7206: 6989: 6832: 6746: 6609: 6493: 6315: 6285: 6103: 6073: 6053: 5847: 5333: 5323: 5318: 4523: 3239: 2609: 2530: 2289: 2268:

for 8th May. This served to alert the British Chief Commissioner of the North West Frontier, Sir

2260: 1790: 1735:

and Jalalabad. Although small in scale, it was a contributing force for Amanullah to call for an

561: 371: 7579: 7272: 2280:, of the need to respond to the occupation of Bagh before it led to further unrest in Peshawar. 7543: 7525: 7519: 7308: 7242: 7110: 6995: 6977: 6863: 6856: 6780: 6756: 6709: 6656: 6325: 6310: 6295: 6217: 6209: 6093: 6035: 5842: 5346: 5295: 5221: 5166: 4488: 3234: 2992: 2759: 2538: 2194: 2106: 1786: 1697: 1565: 1317: 1297: 848: 731: 623: 456: 361: 209: 197: 183: 130: 7591: 7194: 7134: 7061: 6827: 6812: 6736: 6731: 6582: 6357: 6153: 5925: 5742: 5493: 4805: 4727: 4519:"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1952–1954, Africa and South Asia, Volume XI, Part 2" 3269: 2952: 2947: 2942: 2840: 2816: 2732: 2583: 2383: 2213: 2052: 898: 698: 693: 2272:, who had become aware of the plan and as a result he was able to successfully convince the 742: 7988: 7777: 7723: 7651: 7573: 7561: 7357: 7116: 7037: 6879: 6807: 6599: 6426: 6305: 5366: 5341: 5313: 3504: 3037: 3017: 2119: 2060: 511: 381: 3512: 2185:, which were former territories of Afghanistan that were ceded during the creation of the 8: 7862: 7675: 7633: 7086: 6953: 6802: 6000: 5727: 5717: 5712: 5672: 5592: 5356: 5254: 3047: 3007: 2982: 2977: 2967: 2445: 2426: 2310: 2170: 2115: 2102: 2090: 2017: 2013: 1892: 1849: 1595: 1575: 202: 3455:, p. 169 states that there was only one aircraft involved in this attack, although 8030: 7898: 7880: 7831: 7795: 7783: 7771: 7717: 7489: 7447: 7278: 7254: 7224: 7152: 6884: 6432: 6290: 6078: 6068: 5905: 5682: 5642: 5627: 5617: 5597: 5434: 5277: 5229: 3397: 3367: 3222: 3218: 3052: 2912: 2526: 2465: 2371: 2350: 2269: 2143: 1944: 1865: 1805: 1653: 1132: 1002: 947: 868: 663: 406: 296: 2751:

and finally a further Governor General's Order in 1927 made awards to a further three

2255:. Bagh was strategically important to the British and Indians as it provided water to 2193:, and lack of support toward the war across the border. Nadir Khan's suppression of a 8048: 8042: 7952: 7813: 7759: 7615: 7266: 7188: 7158: 7049: 6275: 6118: 6108: 6010: 5953: 5722: 5652: 5602: 5577: 5376: 5176: 5086: 5083:

Crisis on the Frontier: The Third Afghan War and the Campaign in Waziristan 1919–1920

5067: 5048: 5029: 5012: 4995: 4976: 4948: 4929: 4910: 4891: 4872: 4853: 4834: 4811: 4790: 4771: 4752: 4733: 4712: 4690: 4577: 4455: 4346: 3540: 3536: 2972: 2882: 2601: 2432:

On 27th May the British commander in Quetta decided to attack the Afghan fortress at

2200:

The third army was led by 'Abd al-Quddus Khan, who was beginning to raise an army in

2189:. Nadir Khan faced initial difficulties toward raising an army due to an uprising in 2068: 2056: 1947: 1900: 1833: 1812: 1797: 1580: 1062: 1032: 808: 683: 601: 401: 8072: 8060: 8054: 8012: 7916: 7886: 7801: 7621: 7603: 7585: 7555: 7170: 7019: 6959: 6300: 6240: 6083: 6058: 6020: 5895: 5817: 5762: 5757: 5632: 5567: 5546: 5486: 5303: 5234: 5143: 3381: 3337: 2997: 2633: 2229: 2217: 1515: 1152: 1082: 788: 516: 441: 416: 386: 4827: 2766:. This was subsequently rectified and the award to these two units was withdrawn. 2616:

The British also made some political gains, most notably the reaffirmation of the

7964: 7904: 7843: 7837: 7765: 7645: 7549: 7531: 7182: 7104: 6245: 6098: 6088: 5885: 5790: 5785: 5777: 5707: 5622: 5562: 5541: 5045:

The RAF and Tribal Control: Airpower and Irregular Warfare between the World Wars

4866: 3329: 3205: 3200: 3087: 3082: 3072: 3062: 3057: 3002: 2917: 2810: 2739:

British and Indian infantry units that participated in the conflict received the

2595:, and thus ended their claim to direct Afghan foreign policy, which had been the 2318: 2277: 2182: 2110: 2087: 2037: 1821: 1801: 1728: 1347: 1072: 908: 858: 828: 446: 274:

3 cavalry brigades, plus a number of modern aircraft, armoured cars and artillery

43: 8096: 7825: 7747: 7705: 7699: 7687: 7375: 6931: 6792: 6721: 6280: 6113: 5910: 5870: 5832: 5805: 5667: 5587: 5308: 5249: 5158: 5026:

Ramparts of Empire: British Imperialism & India's Afghan Frontier 1918–1948

2987: 2689: 2682: 2645: 2605: 2514: 2461: 2246: 2225: 2127: 2105:

advantage with their use of motor transport and wireless communications, while

2028:

had three infantry divisions and two cavalry brigades, although there was also

1968: 1888: 1844: 1829: 1825: 1774: 1700: 1277: 1202: 1192: 1112: 1092: 1022: 928: 878: 189: 8121: 8102: 8078: 7976: 7970: 7868: 7236: 7122: 7092: 6525: 6270: 6235: 5915: 5900: 5752: 5677: 5607: 5536: 5239: 5211: 5006: 4807:

Afghanistan at War: From the 18th Century Durrani Dynasty to the 21st Century

4704: 3440: 3264: 3022: 2962: 2740: 2482: 2414: 2387: 1996: 1964: 1891:, Habibullah's third son (from his second wife), had also proclaimed himself 1704: 1525: 1480: 1267: 1247: 1227: 1122: 1052: 888: 838: 242: 5016: 4999: 2692:, a National Hero of Afghanistan who was decorated with 4 medals, being the 2292:

were brought up clandestinely through the Khyber Pass aboard a convoy of 37

2162:. This would also coincide with a planned uprising in Peshawar sponsored by 7946: 7789: 7663: 7314: 7284: 7067: 6925: 6255: 6025: 6005: 5822: 5737: 5697: 5687: 5662: 5657: 5612: 5526: 4907:

Battle Honours of the British Empire and Commonwealth Land Forces 1662–1991

4857: 4707:; Harrison, Ian (2007). "Last time the British army used scaling ladders". 3700: 3012: 2907: 2763: 2613:

foreign affairs and in the aftermath emerged as a fully independent state.

2437: 2409:

As part of the attack on the Khyber, secondary attacks had been planned on

2163: 2033: 1976: 1848:

to foment trouble along the frontier. The departure of a large part of the

1500: 1237: 1182: 1012: 7609: 4829:

Butcher & Bolt: Two Hundred Years of Foreign Engagement in Afghanistan

27:

1919 war between the British Empire (India) and the Emirate of Afghanistan

8066: 7711: 7507: 7441: 7248: 7098: 6822: 6392: 6250: 6205: 6015: 5920: 5880: 5795: 5747: 5732: 5478: 2617: 2490: 2433: 2422: 2256: 2221: 2205: 2186: 2155: 1980: 1953: 1877: 1755: 1716: 1520: 1447: 982: 937: 163: 81: 1820:(Convention of St. Petersburg), Afghanistan remained neutral during the 7513: 7435: 7146: 6983: 6550: 6545: 6335: 6174: 5890: 5875: 5837: 5647: 5531: 5424: 5191: 3424: 2661: 2341: 2337: 2178: 1979:

and ancient 7 pounder weapons. There were a few, very old, four-barrel

1876:, on the grounds that attendance at the conference was confined to the 1778: 1535: 1510: 1505: 1162: 1102: 957: 2727: 2382:

At this time, however, trouble struck in the British rear along their

7928: 7681: 7501: 6560: 5767: 5692: 5582: 3410: 2398: 2391: 2098: 2082: 2029: 2024:

of infantry and three of cavalry. However, of this force, the entire

1930: 1926: 1736: 1720: 1475: 1172: 918: 4787:

History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: Between the Wars 1919–39

7657: 6837: 6570: 6555: 6530: 5509: 5112: 2545: 2441: 2394: 2265: 2201: 2159: 1935: 1923: 1919: 1495: 6621: 6540: 5978: 4850:

Afghanistan 1919—An Account of Operations in the Third Afghan War

3595: 3593: 2625: 2592: 2328: 2293: 2273: 2147: 2021: 1939: 1916: 1853: 1490: 1042: 1746:

was signed on 8 August which resulted in the Afghans re-gaining

6575: 6565: 6535: 5800: 4868:

Kabul under siege: Fayz Muhammad's account of the 1929 Uprising

2752: 2641: 2410: 2285: 2209: 2190: 2151: 2000: 1992: 1857: 1785:, and over the course of the 19th century fought two wars: the 1765:

that Amanullah Khan utilized to strengthen his own legitimacy.

1747: 1530: 1485: 5064:

Air Power and Colonial Control: The Royal Air Force, 1919–1939

4973:

The Battle Honours of the British and Indian Armies, 1662–1982

3590: 2313:

to capture all of his objectives. Coinciding with this, three

1887:

proclaimed himself as Habibullah's successor, while in Kabul,

6631: 5852: 4729:

Hubris, Self-Interest and America's Failed War in Afghanistan

3409:

The term regiments in this case is used to describe infantry

2637: 2478: 2174: 1972: 1904: 1837: 1782: 1762: 1732: 798: 56:

Soldiers in action at Kohat during the Third Anglo-Afghan War

3068:

2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Sirmoor Rifles)

1999:

region alone. In stark contrast to the regulars, the tribal

267:

50,000 man standing army supported by up to 80,000 tribesmen

6592: 5107: 3532:

When More is Less: The International Project in Afghanistan

2534: 2045: 1984: 4711:. Firsts, Lasts & Onlys. London: Robson. p. 112. 2735:, fought for the British during the Third Anglo-Afghan War 2390:

began to become disaffected by the situation and began to

1883:

This resulted in a power struggle as Habibullah's brother

4926:

Lords of the Khyber: The Story of the North-West Frontier

4333:. Khyber.org. Archived from the original on 15 April 2013 2923:

103rd (Peshawar) Pack Battery (Frontier Force) (Howitzer)

2628:. Amanullah Khan's intentions for Jihad however, failed. 3610: 3608: 2893:

11th Prince Albert Victor's Own Cavalry (Frontier Force)

2823:

Prince of Wales's Volunteers (South Lancashire Regiment)

2325:

in Afghanistan, attacking a group of hostile tribesmen.

326: 5007:

General Staff Branch, Army Headquarters India (2004) .

4499: 4419: 2799:

Alexandra, Princess of Wales's Own (Yorkshire Regiment)

2063:, and an Indian mountain brigade with two batteries of 4947:. Men-at-Arms Series # 72. London: Osprey Publishing. 4554: 4542: 4468: 4022: 2722: 5011:. Uckfield, East Sussex: Naval & Military Press. 3852: 3850: 3605: 3578: 2587:

2nd/5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, North-West Frontier 1923

2303: 2097:

Machine guns, at least on the Khyber front, were old

5267: 3568: 3566: 3564: 3562: 3560: 2878:

6th Duke of Connaught's Own Lancers (Watson's Horse)

2481:, the 45th Infantry Brigade under Brigadier General 2345:

preparation bombardment before being carried by the

1824:(1914–1918), resisting increasing pressure from the 8203:

20th-century military history of the United Kingdom

2154:tribesmen. His intention was to attack through the 5108:Regiments of the Commonwealth & British Empire 4826: 4770:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing Ltd. 4597: 4595: 4431: 4034: 3847: 3826: 3824: 2228:. This was followed by a complete massacre of the 1950:gave the following evaluation of the Amir's army: 4864: 4687:Afghan Wars and the North-West Frontier 1839–1947 3599: 3557: 2500: 2067:. There were also two batteries of tractor-drawn 2016:, not including frontier militia, totalled eight 1872:in 1919. This request was denied by the viceroy, 8119: 5047:. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. 4942: 4288: 4286: 4284: 4200: 4163: 3791: 3732: 3675: 3456: 2835:Prince of Wales's (North Staffordshire Regiment) 2716:Order of Gallantry of the Emirate of Afghanistan 1828:, which entered the conflict on the side of the 138: 4592: 4452:Afghanistan: A History from 1260 to the Present 4147: 4145: 3946: 3944: 3821: 3743: 3741: 3439:, p. 169 identifies these aircraft as two 2259:, which was at the time garrisoned by just two 4703: 4259: 4257: 4236: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4184: 3942: 3940: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3928: 3926: 3924: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3867: 3865: 3787: 3785: 3783: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3775: 3762: 3760: 3758: 3756: 3728: 3726: 3099:Pursuant to Governor General's Order 1409/26: 2943:Queen Victoria's Own Madras Sappers and Miners 8208:Afghanistan–United Kingdom military relations 6911: 6190: 5494: 5128: 4909:. Marlborough, Wiltshire: The Crowood Press. 4310: 4281: 3694: 3692: 3690: 3688: 3686: 3684: 3635: 3633: 3631: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3623: 2862:Pursuant to Governor General's Order 193/26: 2815:1st Battalion and 2/6th (Cyclist) Battalion, 2240: 1696:began on 3 May 1919 when the new Amir of the 1673: 312: 121: 5009:The Third Afghan War, 1919: Official Account 4751:. Continuum International Publishing Group. 4664: 4662: 4660: 4658: 4142: 3961: 3959: 3797: 3738: 3502: 2676: 2146:led by Saleh Muhammad Khan commanded mostly 2007: 4645: 4643: 4641: 4639: 4637: 4624: 4622: 4254: 4206: 4181: 3921: 3862: 3772: 3753: 3723: 3290:Military history of the North-West Frontier 3196:Pursuant to Governor General's Order 1927: 2948:King George's Own Bengal Sappers and Miners 2805:Duke of Wellington's (West Riding Regiment) 2347:2nd Battalion, North Staffordshire Regiment 6918: 6904: 6197: 6183: 5508: 5501: 5487: 5135: 5121: 4865:Muhammad, Fayz̤; McChesney, R. D. (1999). 4847: 4413: 4401: 4316: 4304: 4292: 4275: 4224: 4175: 4151: 4136: 4124: 4112: 4088: 4076: 4064: 4052: 4016: 3891: 3815: 3803: 3747: 3698: 3681: 3651: 3620: 2220:, and establish complete control over the 2071:and two British mountain batteries of the 1874:Frederic Thesiger, 1st Viscount Chelmsford 1680: 1666: 319: 305: 50: 5066:. New York: Manchester University Press. 4655: 4454:. Reaktion Books. pp. 395–397, 461. 4331:"Few Snapshots from our Aviation History" 3983: 3956: 3909: 3471:, p. 169 uses the name "Nadir Shah". 3459:, p. 24 describes multiple aircraft. 2847:25th (County of London) Cyclist Battalion 2793:Prince Albert's (Somerset Light Infantry) 2513:Although limited in numbers and quality, 2468:which had been sent out to relieve them. 2404: 6204: 4803: 4765: 4684: 4634: 4619: 4613: 4601: 4505: 4480: 4425: 4365: 4263: 4248: 4212: 3977: 3950: 3903: 3879: 3830: 3766: 3663: 3639: 3584: 3206:5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) 2726: 2582: 2504: 2327: 2081: 1952: 78:North-West Frontier of the British India 6403: 6331:Reforms of Amānullāh Khān and civil war 5352:Siege of the British Residency in Kabul 4989: 4810:. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. 4746: 4725: 3842: 3385: 3201:3rd Queen Alexandra's Own Gurkha Rifles 3175:Kapurthala Infantry (Jagatjit Regiment) 3073:4th Prince of Wales's Own Gurkha Rifles 2681:Soldiers decorated by the authority of 154: 14: 8183:Military history of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 8120: 5080: 5061: 5042: 4923: 4904: 4784: 4668: 4649: 4628: 4486: 4389: 3965: 3915: 3699:Sidebotham, Herbert (16 August 1919). 3528: 3285:Military history of the United Kingdom 2928:107th (Bengal) Pack Battery (Howitzer) 2868:1st Duke of York's Own Skinner's Horse 2829:Queen's Own (Royal West Kent Regiment) 2290:2nd Battalion, Somerset Light Infantry 6899: 6178: 5482: 5116: 5023: 4885: 4732:. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books. 4566: 4474: 3989: 3063:1st King George V's Own Gurkha Rifles 2918:17th Queen Victoria's Own Poona Horse 2600:and the Russian Empire. In 1919, the 2364: 300: 7177:Regulator Movement in North Carolina 5463: 5142: 4970: 4824: 4511: 4377: 4100: 3503:Adamec, Ludwig; Norris, J.A (1985). 3480: 3468: 3452: 3436: 2903:13th Duke of Connaught's Own Lancers 2781:Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regiment) 2652:were intentionally left unanswered. 2204:. His objective was to advance into 328:Conflicts in Afghanistan (1793–1973) 4852:. New York: Asia Publishing House. 4560: 4548: 4449: 4437: 4040: 4028: 3856: 3614: 3572: 3341: 3333: 2888:8th King George's Own Light Cavalry 2723:Battle honours, British Indian army 2264:uprising that was being planned in 24: 5440:Afghanistan Medal (United Kingdom) 4963: 4943:Wilkinson-Latham, Robert (1998) . 4537:of Friendship of November 22, 1921 2648:as "Your Majesty", and letters to 2436:, capturing it (the last time the 2304:2nd Bagh and British counterattack 2166:and other Indian revolutionaries. 2093:bomber, with its wings folded back 1754:, and the Afghans recognizing the 25: 8219: 8173:Wars involving the United Kingdom 6926:Colonial conflicts involving the 5420:European influence in Afghanistan 5101: 4888:Russia Under the Bolshevik Regime 3280:European influence in Afghanistan 3190:Holkar's Transport Corps (Indore) 5462: 5453: 5452: 5270: 5028:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 3711:from the original on 5 June 2011 2714:, a War Hero decorated with the 1910: 1818:Anglo-Russian Convention of 1907 1750:control of foreign affairs from 1707:hoping to take advantage of the 1647: 1637: 1636: 741: 286:Hundreds more killed from wounds 248: 236: 224: 208: 196: 182: 156: 140: 123: 8178:Battles involving British India 8158:Invasions by the United Kingdom 7002:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland 6742:Opium production in Afghanistan 5362:Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment 4607: 4443: 4407: 4395: 4383: 4371: 4359: 4328: 4322: 4298: 4269: 4242: 4230: 4218: 4169: 4157: 4130: 4118: 4106: 4094: 4082: 4070: 4058: 4046: 4010: 3971: 3897: 3885: 3836: 3809: 3669: 3657: 3645: 3474: 3462: 3446: 3430: 3416: 3403: 3390: 3373: 3275:Military history of Afghanistan 3260:Waziristan campaign (1936–1939) 3255:Waziristan campaign (1921–1924) 3250:Waziristan campaign (1919–1920) 2953:Royal Bombay Sappers and Miners 2173:, who began raising an army in 2137: 291:Hundreds more killed by disease 8198:History of the Royal Air Force 7105:Father Rale's War/Dummer's War 6159:War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) 3522: 3496: 3359: 3322: 3300:Afghanistan–Pakistan relations 2769:Pursuant to Army Order 97/24: 2501:Importance of British airpower 2321:carried out a bombing raid on 2177:. His objective was to invade 2020:, as well as five independent 13: 1: 8163:Modern history of Afghanistan 7502:Black War (Van Diemen's Land) 7346:Castle Hill convict rebellion 4945:North-West Frontier 1837–1947 4677: 4574:"Third Anglo-Afghan War 1919" 4489:"Why the Durand Line Matters" 3600:Muhammad & McChesney 1999 3125:No 2 Kashmir Mountain Battery 3120:No 1 Kashmir Mountain Battery 2898:12th Cavalry (Frontier Force) 2873:2nd Lancers (Gardner's Horse) 2386:through the Khyber where the 2075:, which were reinforced with 1768: 6662:Current provincial governors 6516:Ethnic groups in Afghanistan 4871:. Markus Wiener Publishers. 3028:12th Frontier Force Regiment 2856:1/1st Kent Cyclist Battalion 2552: 2349:and two battalions from the 2026:North-West Frontier Province 1975:howitzers, 75 mm Krupp 7: 6031:Names of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 5430:The Great Game: Afghanistan 4928:. London: Faber and Faber. 4848:Molesworth, George (1962). 4768:Royal Flying Corps Handbook 4685:Barthorp, Michael (2002) . 4576:. OnWar.com. Archived from 4227:, pp. 135, 147 and 155 3352:, or in Afghanistan as the 3305:Afghanistan–Nepal relations 3295:Afghanistan–India relations 3228: 2938:115th (Jhelum) Pack Battery 2933:108th (Lahore) Pack Battery 2787:King's (Liverpool Regiment) 2745:India General Service Medal 2579:Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 2169:The second army was led by 2077:3.7-inch mountain howitzers 1870:Versailles Peace Conference 1744:Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 1613:Hindu and Buddhist heritage 1423:Transitional Administration 993:Principality of Chaghaniyan 10: 8224: 8168:Wars involving Afghanistan 8019:Jewish revolt in Palestine 7664:Fenian Rebellion in Canada 7309:Dwyer's guerrilla campaign 7201:American Revolutionary War 6823:Pashtunwali (Pashtun life) 6762:Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline 6164:War in North-West Pakistan 6124:Afghan War of Independence 5372:Second Battle of Charasiab 4905:Rodger, Alexander (2003). 4833:. London: Windmill Books. 4237:Beadle & Harrison 2007 3398:First World War casualties 3350:British-Afghan War of 1919 3105:Patiala (Rajindra) Lancers 3033:13th Frontier Force Rifles 2993:5th Maratha Light Infantry 2576: 2572: 2244: 2241:Afghan invasion - 1st Bagh 1469:Related historical regions 68:3 May – 8 August 1919 7853: 7790:Jameson Raid South Africa 7324: 7077: 6938: 6850: 6788: 6779: 6717: 6708: 6617: 6608: 6506: 6454: 6445: 6231:Indus Valley civilisation 6216: 6044: 5991: 5971: 5947: 5934: 5861: 5776: 5703:Abdul Samad Khan Achakzai 5573:Malak Ahmad Khan Yusufzai 5555: 5517: 5448: 5412: 5390: 5332: 5294: 5287: 5265: 5220: 5157: 5150: 5062:Omissi, David E. (1990). 4351:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3992:"Mutiny in India in 1919" 3334:د افغان-انگرېز درېمه جگړه 3180:Bharatpur Transport Corps 3115:Bhopal (Victoria) Lancers 3053:18th Royal Garhwal Rifles 2775:1st King's Dragoon Guards 2731:The Nawab of Bahawalpur, 2677:Decorated Afghan soldiers 2565:threat of counterattack. 2008:British and Indian forces 1832:; the Ottoman sultan (as 769:Indus Valley civilisation 334: 278: 261: 172: 114: 60: 49: 41: 36: 8153:Invasions of Afghanistan 8001:Arab revolt in Palestine 7598:Second Anglo-Burmese War 7340:Second Anglo-Maratha War 7231:Australian frontier wars 6459:Administrative divisions 5959:Pashtun Tahafuz Movement 4766:Cooksley, Peter (2000). 4726:Cavanna, Thomas (2015). 3310: 3245:Invasions of Afghanistan 2958:Burma Sappers and Miners 2712:Nisar Muhammad Yousafzai 2487:1st/25th London Regiment 2458:South Waziristan Militia 2454:North Waziristan Militia 2073:Royal Garrison Artillery 1929:, with about 280 modern 1288:Principality of Qandahar 7995:Second Mohmand campaign 7730:Third Anglo-Burmese War 7694:Second Anglo-Afghan War 7496:First Anglo-Burmese War 7472:Third Anglo-Maratha War 7303:Fourth Anglo-Mysore War 7213:Second Anglo-Mysore War 7207:First Anglo-Maratha War 6316:Second Anglo-Afghan War 6286:Third Battle of Panipat 6104:Second Anglo-Afghan War 6074:Third Battle of Panipat 6054:First Battle of Panipat 5964:People's Peace Movement 5848:Yusuf Khan and Sherbano 5230:Amir Dost Mohammad Khan 5024:Marsh, Brandon (2015). 4990:Elliott, James (1968). 4886:Pipes, Richard (1995). 4749:The Butcher of Amritsar 4747:Collett, Nigel (2007). 4524:Office of the Historian 3998:. Revolutionary History 3505:"Encyclopaedia Iranica" 3413:, or cavalry regiments. 3240:Second Anglo-Afghan War 3185:Gwalior Transport Corps 3058:19th Hyderabad Regiment 2610:Anglo-Russian relations 2471: 2101:. The British gained a 2065:2.75-inch mountain guns 1957:Afghan warriors in 1922 1834:titular leader of Islam 1791:Second Anglo-Afghan War 487:2nd Kandahar, 8th Herat 8143:Emirate of Afghanistan 8128:Third Anglo-Afghan War 7935:Third Anglo-Afghan War 7820:First Mohmand campaign 7544:First Anglo-Afghan War 7243:Third Anglo-Mysore War 6393:Second Islamic Emirate 6326:Kingdom of Afghanistan 6321:Third Anglo-Afghan War 6311:First Anglo-Afghan War 6296:Emirate of Afghanistan 6246:Yabghus of Tokharistan 6036:Anti-Pashtun sentiment 5843:Adam Khan and Durkhani 5400:Third Anglo-Afghan War 5347:Battle of Peiwar Kotal 5167:William Hay Macnaghten 5081:Robson, Brian (2007). 5043:Newton, R. D. (2019). 4992:The Frontier 1839–1947 4924:Singer, Andre (1984). 4804:Lansford, Tom (2017). 4785:Hughes, Basil (1992). 4450:Lee, Jonathan (2019). 3701:"The Third Afghan War" 3666:, pp. 27 & 64 3529:Suhrke, Astri (2011). 3235:First Anglo-Afghan War 2760:The Hampshire Regiment 2736: 2588: 2523:Chief of the Air Staff 2510: 2405:Kurram and Spin Baldek 2384:line of communications 2333: 2332:A Royal Air Force BE2C 2311:concentration of force 2235: 2181:and advance as far as 2094: 2055:with two batteries of 1989: 1958: 1813:Emir Abdur Rahman Khan 1811:In 1901, the death of 1787:First Anglo-Afghan War 1698:Emirate of Afghanistan 1694:Third Anglo-Afghan War 1654:Afghanistan portal 1591:List of heads of state 849:Greco-Bactrian kingdom 457:1st Britain, 2nd Shuja 272:5 independent brigades 173:Commanders and leaders 37:Third Anglo-Afghan War 8193:1919 in British India 7592:Second Anglo-Sikh War 7249:Cotiote (Wayanad) War 7135:French and Indian War 6373:First Islamic Emirate 5085:. The History Press. 4890:. New York: Vintage. 4789:. London: Brassey's. 4201:Wilkinson-Latham 1998 4164:Wilkinson-Latham 1998 3792:Wilkinson-Latham 1998 3733:Wilkinson-Latham 1998 3678:, pp. 4 & 13 3676:Wilkinson-Latham 1998 3515:on 8 September 2024. 3509:Encyclopaedia Iranica 3457:Wilkinson-Latham 1998 3344:), also known as the 3270:Battle of Bagh (1919) 3140:Tehri Garhwal Sappers 2988:4th Bombay Grenadiers 2841:Durham Light Infantry 2817:Royal Sussex Regiment 2733:Sadeq Mohammad Khan V 2730: 2586: 2577:Further information: 2508: 2331: 2245:Further information: 2208:and seize control of 2085: 2053:Royal Field Artillery 1981:Gardiner machine guns 1960: 1956: 899:Indo-Parthian kingdom 879:Indo-Scythian kingdom 289:1,751 dead or wounded 279:Casualties and losses 8138:1910s in Afghanistan 7754:Hunza–Nagar Campaign 7562:First Anglo-Sikh War 7538:Egyptian–Ottoman War 6479:Environmental issues 6427:Graveyard of empires 6416:Arabs in Afghanistan 5811:northern Afghanistan 5623:Najib Khan Yousafzai 5367:Battle of Ahmed Khel 5342:Battle of Ali Masjid 5314:Battle of Jellalabad 4825:Loyn, David (2009). 3342:جنگ سوم افغان-انگلیس 3170:3rd Gwalior Infantry 3165:1st Kashmir Infantry 3160:1st Patiala Infantry 3043:16th Punjab Regiment 3038:14th Punjab Regiment 3018:10th Baluch Regiment 2998:6th Rajputana Rifles 2690:Ghazi Mir Zaman Khan 2683:Ghazi Amanullah Khan 2427:Handley Page bombers 2421:and in the south in 1840:against the Allies. 1789:(1839–1842) and the 497:2nd Afghan Turkestan 452:1st Afghan Turkestan 103:Unrest in Waziristan 98:Treaty of Rawalpindi 8188:1919 in Afghanistan 8007:Waziristan campaign 7941:Waziristan campaign 7634:Revolt of Rajab Ali 7111:War of Jenkins' Ear 6433:Wars in Afghanistan 6353:Democratic Republic 6134:Waziristan campaign 6001:Pashtun nationalism 5728:Mohammad Najibullah 5357:Battle of Charasiab 5255:Mohammed Nadir Shah 5187:William Elphinstone 4994:. London: Cassell. 4971:Cook, Hugh (1987). 4689:. London: Cassell. 3990:Putkowski, Julian. 3354:War of Independence 3048:17th Dogra Regiment 3008:8th Punjab Regiment 3003:7th Rajput Regiment 2983:2nd Punjab Regiment 2978:1st Punjab Regiment 2968:2nd Bombay Pioneers 2963:1st Madras Pioneers 2718:for wartime bravery 2103:command and control 2091:Handley Page Type O 2059:and one battery of 2014:British Indian Army 1850:British Indian Army 1358:Democratic Republic 214:Saleh Muhammad Khan 7881:Bambatha Rebellion 7796:Anglo-Zanzibar War 7784:Chitral Expedition 7718:Anglo-Egyptian War 7490:Anglo-Ashanti wars 7195:Lord Dunmore's War 7153:Anglo-Cherokee War 7062:King William's War 6752:Telecommunications 6722:Afghani (currency) 6637:Leadership Council 6421:European influence 6291:Dost Mohammad Khan 6226:Pre-Islamic period 6079:Battle of Nowshera 6069:Battle of Gulnabad 5972:Religious-military 5906:Ahmad Shah Durrani 5643:Malalai of Maiwand 5628:Dost Mohammad Khan 5618:Ahmad Shah Durrani 5598:Aimal Khan Mohmand 5593:Kalu Khan Yusufzai 5435:Malalai of Maiwand 5382:Battle of Kandahar 5319:Retreat from Kabul 5278:Afghanistan portal 5240:Amir Sher Ali Khan 4604:, pp. 157–158 4563:, p. 461-462. 4551:, p. 459-461. 4416:, pp. 120–121 4392:, pp. 192–193 4368:, pp. 167–168 4251:, pp. 154–155 4103:, pp. 169–170 4031:, p. 455-456. 3980:, pp. 157–158 3906:, pp. 147–148 3833:, pp. 150–151 3617:, p. 395-397. 3368:Treaty of Gandamak 3223:Hampshire Regiment 3219:11th Gurkha Rifles 3145:Malerkotla Sappers 3093:10th Gurkha Rifles 3023:11th Sikh Regiment 2913:16th Light Cavalry 2737: 2589: 2527:Sir Hugh Trenchard 2511: 2466:North Zhob Militia 2417:, in the north in 2372:11th Sikh Regiment 2365:'Stonehenge Ridge' 2334: 2317:aircraft from the 2270:George Roos-Keppel 2095: 2061:4.5-inch howitzers 1959: 1945:Lieutenant-General 1866:British government 1806:Treaty of Gandamak 1561:Political violence 1368:Tanai coup attempt 1003:Rashidun Caliphate 948:Hephthalite Empire 869:Indo-Greek kingdom 557:2nd Chahar Wilayat 477:1st Chahar Wilayat 8148:Conflicts in 1919 8133:Anglo-Afghan Wars 8112: 8111: 8043:Malayan Emergency 7953:Malabar rebellion 7814:Siege of Malakand 7760:Anglo-Manipur War 7616:Anglo-Persian War 7165:Anglo-Spanish War 7117:King George's War 7038:King Philip's War 7014:Anglo-Spanish War 6893: 6892: 6846: 6845: 6775: 6774: 6704: 6703: 6667:Foreign relations 6502: 6501: 6441: 6440: 6276:Siege of Kandahar 6172: 6171: 6154:Soviet–Afghan War 6139:Second Waziristan 6119:Siege of Malakand 6109:Battle of Maiwand 6011:Afghan (ethnonym) 5987: 5986: 5954:Khudai Khidmatgar 5723:Abdul Ahad Momand 5653:Abdur Rahman Khan 5638:Victor of Maiwand 5603:Darya Khan Afridi 5476: 5475: 5408: 5407: 5377:Battle of Maiwand 5263: 5262: 5197:Frederick Roberts 5177:Willoughby Cotton 5092:978-1-86227-403-7 5054:978-0-7006-2871-1 5035:978-1-13737-401-1 4935:978-0-571-11796-3 4897:978-0-679-76184-6 4878:978-1-55876-154-4 4840:978-0-09-952263-8 4817:978-1-59884-760-4 4777:978-0-7509-4772-5 4758:978-1-85285-575-8 4739:978-1-4985-0620-5 4718:978-1-905798-06-3 4477:, pp. 67–68. 3546:978-1-84904-164-5 3211:6th Gurkha Rifles 3088:9th Gurkha Rifles 3083:8th Gurkha Rifles 3078:7th Gurkha Rifles 2973:3rd Sikh Pioneers 2883:7th Light Cavalry 2827:1/4th Battalion, 2809:2/4th Battalion, 2779:1/4th Battalion, 2602:Russian Civil War 2450:Alexander Eustace 2300:uprising abated. 2132:Territorial Force 1948:George Molesworth 1901:Amritsar massacre 1798:Abdur Rahman Khan 1690: 1689: 1581:Afghan (ethnonym) 1556:Political history 1460: 1459: 1308:Saqqawist Emirate 1258:Sadozai Sultanate 1211: 1210: 997:7th–8th centuries 966: 965: 819:Macedonian Empire 809:Achaemenid Empire 779:Oxus civilization 712: 711: 295: 294: 254:Alexander Eustace 110: 109: 16:(Redirected from 8215: 8061:Cyprus Emergency 7887:Maritz rebellion 7875:Tibet expedition 7808:Benin Expedition 7628:Indian Rebellion 7622:Second Opium War 7604:Eureka Rebellion 7580:British Honduras 7556:New Zealand Wars 7141:Seven Years' War 7087:Queen Anne's War 6920: 6913: 6906: 6897: 6896: 6873: 6866: 6859: 6786: 6785: 6715: 6714: 6615: 6614: 6452: 6451: 6401: 6400: 6388:Islamic Republic 6348:Daoud's Republic 6306:Afghan–Sikh Wars 6301:Battle of Jamrud 6261:Islamic conquest 6241:Greater Khorasan 6199: 6192: 6185: 6176: 6175: 6144:Mohmand campaign 6129:Afghan Civil War 6094:First Afghan War 6084:Battle of Jamrud 6059:Battle of Chausa 6021:Bannu Resolution 5948:Citizens' groups 5945: 5944: 5896:Abdul Hamid Baba 5818:Pashtun clothing 5763:Manzoor Pashteen 5758:Malala Yousafzai 5633:Wazir Akbar Khan 5547:Barakzai dynasty 5503: 5496: 5489: 5480: 5479: 5466: 5465: 5456: 5455: 5304:Battle of Ghazni 5292: 5291: 5280: 5275: 5274: 5273: 5235:Wazir Akbar Khan 5155: 5154: 5144:Anglo-Afghan War 5137: 5130: 5123: 5114: 5113: 5096: 5077: 5058: 5039: 5020: 5003: 4986: 4958: 4939: 4920: 4901: 4882: 4861: 4844: 4832: 4821: 4800: 4781: 4762: 4743: 4722: 4700: 4672: 4666: 4653: 4647: 4632: 4626: 4617: 4611: 4605: 4599: 4590: 4589: 4587: 4585: 4570: 4564: 4558: 4552: 4546: 4540: 4539: 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The Diplomat. 4484: 4478: 4472: 4466: 4465: 4447: 4441: 4435: 4429: 4423: 4417: 4411: 4405: 4399: 4393: 4387: 4381: 4375: 4369: 4363: 4357: 4356: 4350: 4342: 4340: 4338: 4326: 4320: 4314: 4308: 4302: 4296: 4290: 4279: 4273: 4267: 4261: 4252: 4246: 4240: 4234: 4228: 4222: 4216: 4210: 4204: 4198: 4179: 4178:, pp. 65–67 4173: 4167: 4166:, pp. 23–24 4161: 4155: 4149: 4140: 4134: 4128: 4122: 4116: 4110: 4104: 4098: 4092: 4086: 4080: 4074: 4068: 4062: 4056: 4050: 4044: 4038: 4032: 4026: 4020: 4014: 4008: 4007: 4005: 4003: 3987: 3981: 3975: 3969: 3963: 3954: 3948: 3919: 3913: 3907: 3901: 3895: 3894:, pp. 25–26 3889: 3883: 3877: 3860: 3854: 3845: 3840: 3834: 3828: 3819: 3818:, pp. 22–23 3813: 3807: 3801: 3795: 3789: 3770: 3764: 3751: 3745: 3736: 3730: 3721: 3720: 3718: 3716: 3696: 3679: 3673: 3667: 3661: 3655: 3649: 3643: 3637: 3618: 3612: 3603: 3597: 3588: 3582: 3576: 3570: 3555: 3554: 3526: 3520: 3519: 3511:. Archived from 3500: 3484: 3478: 3472: 3466: 3460: 3450: 3444: 3434: 3428: 3420: 3414: 3407: 3401: 3394: 3388: 3382:Jallianwala Bagh 3377: 3371: 3363: 3357: 3346:Third Afghan War 3343: 3335: 3326: 3217:disbanded, e.g. 3130:Faridkot Sappers 3013:9th Jat Regiment 2230:Afghan Qizilbash 2120:No. 114 Squadron 2069:6-inch howitzers 1995:fighters in the 1682: 1675: 1668: 1652: 1651: 1650: 1640: 1639: 1623:Muslim conquests 1608:Hinduism history 1571:Economic history 1455: 1433:Islamic Republic 1224: 1223: 1153:Chagatai Khanate 979: 978: 919:Kidarite kingdom 789:Gandhara kingdom 765: 764: 745: 735: 717: 716: 679:2nd Soviet Union 659:1st Soviet Union 329: 321: 314: 307: 298: 297: 253: 252: 241: 240: 229: 228: 213: 212: 201: 200: 187: 186: 166: 162: 160: 159: 150: 146: 144: 143: 133: 129: 127: 126: 62: 61: 54: 34: 33: 21: 18:Third Afghan War 8223: 8222: 8218: 8217: 8216: 8214: 8213: 8212: 8118: 8117: 8115: 8113: 8108: 8049:Kenya Emergency 7855: 7849: 7844:Second Boer War 7838:Boxer Rebellion 7766:Pahang Uprising 7646:Ambela campaign 7568:Río de la Plata 7550:First Opium War 7532:Aden Expedition 7364:Río de la Plata 7326: 7320: 7291:Irish Rebellion 7183:First Carib War 7079: 7073: 6996:Confederate War 6990:Irish Rebellion 6940: 6934: 6924: 6894: 6889: 6876: 6869: 6862: 6855: 6842: 6771: 6700: 6604: 6498: 6437: 6399: 6383:War (2001–2021) 6266:Mongol invasion 6212: 6203: 6173: 6168: 6046: 6040: 5993: 5983: 5967: 5943: 5930: 5886:Khushal Khattak 5857: 5791:Pashtun cuisine 5786:Pashtun culture 5772: 5563:Alauddin Khilji 5551: 5542:Durrani dynasty 5513: 5512:-related topics 5507: 5477: 5472: 5444: 5404: 5386: 5328: 5324:Battle of Kabul 5283: 5276: 5271: 5269: 5259: 5245:Ghazi Ayub Khan 5216: 5146: 5141: 5104: 5099: 5093: 5074: 5055: 5036: 4983: 4966: 4964:Further reading 4961: 4955: 4936: 4917: 4898: 4879: 4841: 4818: 4797: 4778: 4759: 4740: 4719: 4697: 4680: 4675: 4667: 4656: 4648: 4635: 4627: 4620: 4612: 4608: 4600: 4593: 4583: 4581: 4580:on 6 April 2012 4572: 4571: 4567: 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3863: 3855: 3848: 3841: 3837: 3829: 3822: 3816:Molesworth 1962 3814: 3810: 3804:Molesworth 1962 3802: 3798: 3790: 3773: 3765: 3754: 3748:Molesworth 1962 3746: 3739: 3731: 3724: 3714: 3712: 3697: 3682: 3674: 3670: 3662: 3658: 3652:Molesworth 1962 3650: 3646: 3638: 3621: 3613: 3606: 3598: 3591: 3583: 3579: 3571: 3558: 3547: 3539:. p. 150. 3527: 3523: 3501: 3497: 3488: 3487: 3479: 3475: 3467: 3463: 3451: 3447: 3435: 3431: 3421: 3417: 3408: 3404: 3395: 3391: 3378: 3374: 3364: 3360: 3327: 3323: 3313: 3231: 3194: 3135:Sirmoor Sappers 3097: 2860: 2851:London Regiment 2839:1st Battalion, 2833:2nd Battalion, 2821:1st Battalion, 2811:Border Regiment 2803:1st Battalion, 2797:1st Battalion, 2791:2nd Battalion, 2785:2nd Battalion, 2725: 2704:(Honesty), and 2679: 2664:, which saw an 2581: 2575: 2555: 2503: 2474: 2407: 2367: 2319:Royal Air Force 2306: 2278:Lord Chelmsford 2249: 2243: 2238: 2195:tribal uprising 2140: 2116:No. 31 Squadron 2088:Royal Air Force 2010: 1913: 1836:) called for a 1822:First World War 1802:Habibullah Khan 1771: 1758:as the border. 1729:Royal Air Force 1709:unrest in India 1686: 1648: 1646: 1629: 1628: 1627: 1550: 1542: 1541: 1540: 1470: 1462: 1461: 1453: 1448:Islamic Emirate 1388:Islamic Emirate 1348:Saur Revolution 1221: 1213: 1212: 1143:Mongol Invasion 1117:before 879–1215 976: 968: 967: 909:Sasanian Empire 893:135 BC – 248 AD 859:Parthian Empire 829:Seleucid Empire 762: 733: 726: 715: 714: 713: 708: 704:Republican coup 330: 327: 325: 290: 285: 273: 271: 257: 247: 235: 223: 217: 207: 195: 181: 157: 155: 141: 139: 124: 122: 93:Afghan victory 84: 55: 44:Interwar period 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8221: 8211: 8210: 8205: 8200: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8180: 8175: 8170: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8150: 8145: 8140: 8135: 8130: 8110: 8109: 8107: 8106: 8100: 8094: 8088: 8082: 8076: 8070: 8064: 8058: 8052: 8046: 8040: 8034: 8028: 8022: 8016: 8010: 8004: 7998: 7992: 7989:Barzani revolt 7986: 7980: 7974: 7968: 7962: 7956: 7950: 7944: 7938: 7932: 7926: 7920: 7914: 7908: 7902: 7896: 7890: 7884: 7878: 7872: 7866: 7859: 7857: 7851: 7850: 7848: 7847: 7841: 7835: 7829: 7826:Tirah campaign 7823: 7817: 7811: 7805: 7799: 7793: 7787: 7781: 7775: 7769: 7763: 7757: 7751: 7745: 7739: 7736:Central Africa 7733: 7727: 7721: 7715: 7709: 7706:First Boer War 7703: 7697: 7691: 7688:Anglo-Zulu War 7685: 7679: 7673: 7667: 7661: 7655: 7649: 7643: 7637: 7631: 7625: 7619: 7613: 7607: 7601: 7595: 7589: 7583: 7577: 7571: 7565: 7559: 7553: 7547: 7541: 7535: 7529: 7523: 7517: 7511: 7505: 7499: 7493: 7487: 7481: 7475: 7469: 7463: 7457: 7451: 7445: 7439: 7433: 7427: 7421: 7415: 7409: 7403: 7397: 7391: 7385: 7379: 7376:Froberg mutiny 7373: 7367: 7361: 7355: 7349: 7343: 7337: 7330: 7328: 7322: 7321: 7319: 7318: 7312: 7306: 7300: 7294: 7288: 7282: 7276: 7270: 7264: 7258: 7252: 7246: 7240: 7234: 7228: 7222: 7216: 7210: 7204: 7198: 7192: 7186: 7180: 7174: 7168: 7162: 7156: 7150: 7144: 7138: 7132: 7126: 7120: 7114: 7108: 7102: 7096: 7090: 7083: 7081: 7075: 7074: 7072: 7071: 7065: 7059: 7056:Williamite War 7053: 7047: 7041: 7035: 7029: 7023: 7017: 7011: 7005: 6999: 6993: 6987: 6981: 6975: 6969: 6963: 6957: 6951: 6944: 6942: 6936: 6935: 6932:British Empire 6923: 6922: 6915: 6908: 6900: 6891: 6890: 6888: 6887: 6882: 6875: 6874: 6867: 6860: 6852: 6851: 6848: 6847: 6844: 6843: 6841: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6789: 6783: 6777: 6776: 6773: 6772: 6770: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6739: 6734: 6729: 6727:Communications 6724: 6718: 6712: 6706: 6705: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6698: 6697: 6696: 6686: 6685: 6684: 6679: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6647:Prime Minister 6644: 6642:Supreme Leader 6639: 6634: 6629: 6624: 6618: 6612: 6606: 6605: 6603: 6602: 6597: 6596: 6595: 6593:Persian (Dari) 6585: 6580: 6579: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6512: 6510: 6504: 6503: 6500: 6499: 6497: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6484:Extreme points 6481: 6476: 6471: 6469:Climate change 6466: 6461: 6455: 6449: 6443: 6442: 6439: 6438: 6436: 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5813: 5806:Pashtunization 5803: 5798: 5793: 5788: 5782: 5780: 5774: 5773: 5771: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5710: 5705: 5700: 5695: 5690: 5685: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5668:Amanullah Khan 5665: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5635: 5630: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5605: 5600: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5559: 5557: 5553: 5552: 5550: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5523: 5521: 5515: 5514: 5506: 5505: 5498: 5491: 5483: 5474: 5473: 5471: 5470: 5460: 5449: 5446: 5445: 5443: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5416: 5414: 5410: 5409: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5402: 5396: 5394: 5388: 5387: 5385: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5338: 5336: 5330: 5329: 5327: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5309:Siege of Kahun 5306: 5300: 5298: 5289: 5285: 5284: 5282: 5281: 5266: 5264: 5261: 5260: 5258: 5257: 5252: 5250:Amanullah Khan 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5226: 5224: 5218: 5217: 5215: 5214: 5209: 5207:Arthur Barrett 5204: 5202:Donald Stewart 5199: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5182:George Pollock 5179: 5174: 5169: 5163: 5161: 5159:British Empire 5152: 5148: 5147: 5140: 5139: 5132: 5125: 5117: 5111: 5110: 5103: 5102:External links 5100: 5098: 5097: 5091: 5078: 5072: 5059: 5053: 5040: 5034: 5021: 5004: 4987: 4981: 4975:. Leo Cooper. 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4959: 4953: 4940: 4934: 4921: 4915: 4902: 4896: 4883: 4877: 4862: 4845: 4839: 4822: 4816: 4801: 4795: 4782: 4776: 4763: 4757: 4744: 4738: 4723: 4717: 4705:Beadle, Jeremy 4701: 4695: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4673: 4654: 4633: 4618: 4606: 4591: 4565: 4553: 4541: 4510: 4508:, p. 146. 4498: 4479: 4467: 4460: 4442: 4440:, p. 461. 4430: 4428:, p. 157. 4418: 4406: 4394: 4382: 4370: 4358: 4321: 4309: 4297: 4280: 4268: 4253: 4241: 4229: 4217: 4205: 4180: 4168: 4156: 4141: 4129: 4117: 4105: 4093: 4081: 4069: 4057: 4045: 4043:, p. 456. 4033: 4021: 4009: 3982: 3970: 3955: 3920: 3908: 3896: 3884: 3861: 3859:, p. 455. 3846: 3835: 3820: 3808: 3796: 3771: 3752: 3737: 3722: 3680: 3668: 3656: 3644: 3619: 3604: 3589: 3577: 3575:, p. 459. 3556: 3552:sovereignty... 3545: 3521: 3494: 3486: 3485: 3473: 3461: 3445: 3441:Sopwith Camels 3429: 3415: 3402: 3389: 3372: 3358: 3320: 3319: 3312: 3309: 3308: 3307: 3302: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3230: 3227: 3214: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3193: 3192: 3187: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3162: 3157: 3155:Nabha Infantry 3152: 3147: 3142: 3137: 3132: 3127: 3122: 3117: 3112: 3107: 3101: 3096: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3065: 3060: 3055: 3050: 3045: 3040: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3020: 3015: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2864: 2859: 2858: 2853: 2843: 2837: 2831: 2825: 2819: 2813: 2807: 2801: 2795: 2789: 2783: 2777: 2771: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2719: 2709: 2696:(Grand Khan), 2678: 2675: 2646:Amanullah Khan 2606:White movement 2574: 2571: 2554: 2551: 2502: 2499: 2473: 2470: 2406: 2403: 2366: 2363: 2305: 2302: 2247:Battle of Bagh 2242: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2226:Ali Ahmad Khan 2139: 2136: 2128:demobilisation 2009: 2006: 1912: 1909: 1885:Nasrullah Khan 1845:Central Powers 1830:Central Powers 1826:Ottoman Empire 1770: 1767: 1701:Amanullah Khan 1688: 1687: 1685: 1684: 1677: 1670: 1662: 1659: 1658: 1657: 1656: 1644: 1631: 1630: 1626: 1625: 1620: 1618:Jewish history 1615: 1610: 1605: 1604: 1603: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1573: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1552: 1551: 1549:Related topics 1548: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1539: 1538: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1472: 1471: 1468: 1467: 1464: 1463: 1458: 1457: 1451: 1444: 1443: 1440: 1429: 1428: 1425: 1415: 1414: 1411: 1404: 1403: 1400: 1394: 1393: 1390: 1384: 1383: 1380: 1374: 1373: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1360: 1354: 1353: 1350: 1344: 1343: 1340: 1334: 1333: 1330: 1324: 1323: 1320: 1314: 1313: 1310: 1304: 1303: 1300: 1294: 1293: 1290: 1284: 1283: 1280: 1278:Durrani Empire 1274: 1273: 1270: 1264: 1263: 1260: 1254: 1253: 1250: 1244: 1243: 1240: 1234: 1233: 1230: 1222: 1219: 1218: 1215: 1214: 1209: 1208: 1205: 1199: 1198: 1195: 1189: 1188: 1185: 1179: 1178: 1175: 1169: 1168: 1165: 1159: 1158: 1155: 1149: 1148: 1145: 1139: 1138: 1135: 1129: 1128: 1125: 1119: 1118: 1115: 1109: 1108: 1105: 1099: 1098: 1095: 1089: 1088: 1085: 1079: 1078: 1075: 1069: 1068: 1065: 1059: 1058: 1055: 1049: 1048: 1045: 1039: 1038: 1035: 1029: 1028: 1025: 1023:Tibetan Empire 1019: 1018: 1015: 1009: 1008: 1005: 999: 998: 995: 989: 988: 985: 977: 974: 973: 970: 969: 964: 963: 960: 954: 953: 950: 944: 943: 940: 934: 933: 931: 925: 924: 921: 915: 914: 911: 905: 904: 903:20 BC – 50? AD 901: 895: 894: 891: 885: 884: 881: 875: 874: 871: 865: 864: 861: 855: 854: 851: 845: 844: 841: 835: 834: 831: 825: 824: 821: 815: 814: 811: 805: 804: 801: 795: 794: 791: 785: 784: 781: 775: 774: 771: 763: 758: 757: 754: 753: 747: 746: 738: 737: 728: 727: 720: 710: 709: 707: 706: 701: 696: 691: 689:Tribal revolts 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 651: 646: 641: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 606: 605: 604: 594: 589: 584: 579: 574: 569: 564: 559: 554: 549: 544: 539: 534: 529: 524: 522:Maimana (1857) 519: 514: 509: 504: 499: 494: 489: 484: 479: 474: 469: 464: 459: 454: 449: 444: 439: 434: 429: 424: 419: 414: 409: 404: 399: 394: 389: 384: 379: 374: 369: 364: 359: 354: 349: 344: 339: 335: 332: 331: 324: 323: 316: 309: 301: 293: 292: 287: 281: 280: 276: 275: 268: 264: 263: 259: 258: 256: 255: 245: 233: 231:Arthur Barrett 220: 218: 216: 215: 205: 193: 190:Amanullah Khan 178: 175: 174: 170: 169: 168: 167: 148:United Kingdom 135: 117: 116: 112: 111: 108: 107: 106: 105: 100: 90: 86: 85: 76: 74: 70: 69: 66: 58: 57: 47: 46: 39: 38: 32: 31: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8220: 8209: 8206: 8204: 8201: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8149: 8146: 8144: 8141: 8139: 8136: 8134: 8131: 8129: 8126: 8125: 8123: 8116: 8104: 8101: 8098: 8095: 8092: 8089: 8086: 8083: 8080: 8077: 8074: 8071: 8068: 8065: 8062: 8059: 8056: 8053: 8050: 8047: 8044: 8041: 8038: 8035: 8032: 8029: 8026: 8023: 8020: 8017: 8014: 8011: 8008: 8005: 8002: 7999: 7996: 7993: 7990: 7987: 7984: 7981: 7978: 7977:Ikhwan revolt 7975: 7972: 7969: 7966: 7963: 7960: 7957: 7954: 7951: 7948: 7945: 7942: 7939: 7936: 7933: 7930: 7927: 7924: 7921: 7918: 7915: 7912: 7909: 7906: 7903: 7900: 7897: 7894: 7891: 7888: 7885: 7882: 7879: 7876: 7873: 7870: 7867: 7864: 7861: 7860: 7858: 7852: 7845: 7842: 7839: 7836: 7833: 7830: 7827: 7824: 7821: 7818: 7815: 7812: 7809: 7806: 7803: 7800: 7797: 7794: 7791: 7788: 7785: 7782: 7779: 7776: 7773: 7770: 7767: 7764: 7761: 7758: 7755: 7752: 7749: 7746: 7743: 7740: 7737: 7734: 7731: 7728: 7725: 7722: 7719: 7716: 7713: 7710: 7707: 7704: 7701: 7698: 7695: 7692: 7689: 7686: 7683: 7680: 7677: 7674: 7671: 7668: 7665: 7662: 7659: 7656: 7653: 7650: 7647: 7644: 7641: 7638: 7635: 7632: 7629: 7626: 7623: 7620: 7617: 7614: 7611: 7608: 7605: 7602: 7599: 7596: 7593: 7590: 7587: 7584: 7581: 7578: 7575: 7572: 7569: 7566: 7563: 7560: 7557: 7554: 7551: 7548: 7545: 7542: 7539: 7536: 7533: 7530: 7527: 7524: 7521: 7518: 7515: 7512: 7509: 7506: 7503: 7500: 7497: 7494: 7491: 7488: 7485: 7482: 7479: 7476: 7473: 7470: 7467: 7464: 7461: 7458: 7455: 7452: 7449: 7446: 7443: 7440: 7437: 7434: 7431: 7428: 7425: 7424:Spice Islands 7422: 7419: 7416: 7413: 7410: 7407: 7404: 7401: 7398: 7395: 7392: 7389: 7386: 7383: 7382:Santo Domingo 7380: 7377: 7374: 7371: 7368: 7365: 7362: 7359: 7356: 7353: 7350: 7347: 7344: 7341: 7338: 7335: 7332: 7331: 7329: 7323: 7316: 7313: 7310: 7307: 7304: 7301: 7298: 7295: 7292: 7289: 7286: 7283: 7280: 7277: 7274: 7271: 7268: 7265: 7262: 7259: 7256: 7253: 7250: 7247: 7244: 7241: 7238: 7235: 7232: 7229: 7226: 7223: 7220: 7217: 7214: 7211: 7208: 7205: 7202: 7199: 7196: 7193: 7190: 7187: 7184: 7181: 7178: 7175: 7172: 7171:Pontiac's War 7169: 7166: 7163: 7160: 7157: 7154: 7151: 7148: 7145: 7142: 7139: 7136: 7133: 7130: 7127: 7124: 7123:Carnatic Wars 7121: 7118: 7115: 7112: 7109: 7106: 7103: 7100: 7097: 7094: 7093:Tuscarora War 7091: 7088: 7085: 7084: 7082: 7076: 7069: 7066: 7063: 7060: 7057: 7054: 7051: 7048: 7045: 7042: 7039: 7036: 7033: 7030: 7027: 7024: 7021: 7018: 7015: 7012: 7009: 7006: 7003: 7000: 6997: 6994: 6991: 6988: 6985: 6982: 6979: 6976: 6973: 6970: 6967: 6964: 6961: 6958: 6955: 6952: 6949: 6946: 6945: 6943: 6937: 6933: 6929: 6921: 6916: 6914: 6909: 6907: 6902: 6901: 6898: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6878: 6877: 6872: 6868: 6865: 6861: 6858: 6854: 6853: 6849: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6790: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6778: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6719: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6707: 6695: 6694:Chief Justice 6692: 6691: 6690: 6689:Supreme Court 6687: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6674: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6652:Deputy Leader 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6619: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6607: 6601: 6598: 6594: 6591: 6590: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6519: 6518: 6517: 6514: 6513: 6511: 6509: 6505: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6457: 6456: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6444: 6434: 6431: 6428: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6408: 6406: 6402: 6394: 6391: 6389: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6378:2001 invasion 6376: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6368:Islamic State 6366: 6365: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6342: 6339: 6338: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6279: 6277: 6274: 6272: 6271:Hotak dynasty 6269: 6267: 6264: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6236:Maurya Empire 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6223: 6221: 6219: 6215: 6211: 6207: 6200: 6195: 6193: 6188: 6186: 6181: 6180: 6177: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6051: 6049: 6043: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5998: 5996: 5994:controversies 5990: 5980: 5977: 5976: 5974: 5970: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5946: 5940: 5939: 5937: 5933: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5916:Ajmal Khattak 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5901:Hussain Hotak 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5868: 5866: 5864: 5860: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5812: 5809: 5808: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5783: 5781: 5779: 5775: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5753:Malalai Kakar 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5733:Mohammed Omar 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5709: 5706: 5704: 5701: 5699: 5696: 5694: 5691: 5689: 5686: 5684: 5681: 5679: 5678:Mulla Powinda 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5636: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5608:Mirwais Hotak 5606: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5596: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5588:Sher Shah Sur 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5560: 5558: 5554: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5537:Hotak dynasty 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5524: 5522: 5520: 5516: 5511: 5504: 5499: 5497: 5492: 5490: 5485: 5484: 5481: 5469: 5461: 5459: 5451: 5450: 5447: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5417: 5415: 5411: 5401: 5398: 5397: 5395: 5393: 5389: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5339: 5337: 5335: 5331: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5301: 5299: 5297: 5293: 5290: 5286: 5279: 5268: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5227: 5225: 5223: 5219: 5213: 5212:Reginald Dyer 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5156: 5153: 5149: 5145: 5138: 5133: 5131: 5126: 5124: 5119: 5118: 5115: 5109: 5106: 5105: 5094: 5088: 5084: 5079: 5075: 5073:0-7190-2960-0 5069: 5065: 5060: 5056: 5050: 5046: 5041: 5037: 5031: 5027: 5022: 5018: 5014: 5010: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4988: 4984: 4982:0-85052-082-7 4978: 4974: 4969: 4968: 4956: 4954:0-85045-275-9 4950: 4946: 4941: 4937: 4931: 4927: 4922: 4918: 4916:1-86126-637-5 4912: 4908: 4903: 4899: 4893: 4889: 4884: 4880: 4874: 4870: 4869: 4863: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4846: 4842: 4836: 4831: 4830: 4823: 4819: 4813: 4809: 4808: 4802: 4798: 4796:0-08-040984-9 4792: 4788: 4783: 4779: 4773: 4769: 4764: 4760: 4754: 4750: 4745: 4741: 4735: 4731: 4730: 4724: 4720: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4696:0-304-36294-8 4692: 4688: 4683: 4682: 4671:, p. 208 4670: 4665: 4663: 4661: 4659: 4651: 4646: 4644: 4642: 4640: 4638: 4630: 4625: 4623: 4616:, p. 179 4615: 4614:Barthorp 2002 4610: 4603: 4602:Barthorp 2002 4598: 4596: 4579: 4575: 4569: 4562: 4557: 4550: 4545: 4538: 4526: 4525: 4520: 4514: 4507: 4506:Lansford 2017 4502: 4495: 4490: 4483: 4476: 4471: 4463: 4461:9781789140101 4457: 4453: 4446: 4439: 4434: 4427: 4426:Barthorp 2002 4422: 4415: 4410: 4404:, p. 120 4403: 4398: 4391: 4386: 4380:, p. 170 4379: 4374: 4367: 4366:Barthorp 2002 4362: 4354: 4348: 4332: 4325: 4319:, p. 121 4318: 4313: 4307:, p. 118 4306: 4301: 4295:, p. 117 4294: 4289: 4287: 4285: 4278:, p. 114 4277: 4272: 4266:, p. 155 4265: 4264:Barthorp 2002 4260: 4258: 4250: 4249:Barthorp 2002 4245: 4239:, p. 112 4238: 4233: 4226: 4221: 4215:, p. 154 4214: 4213:Barthorp 2002 4209: 4202: 4197: 4195: 4193: 4191: 4189: 4187: 4185: 4177: 4172: 4165: 4160: 4153: 4148: 4146: 4138: 4133: 4126: 4121: 4114: 4109: 4102: 4097: 4090: 4085: 4078: 4073: 4066: 4061: 4054: 4049: 4042: 4037: 4030: 4025: 4018: 4013: 3997: 3993: 3986: 3979: 3978:Cooksley 2000 3974: 3968:, p. 126 3967: 3962: 3960: 3953:, p. 152 3952: 3951:Barthorp 2002 3947: 3945: 3943: 3941: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3933: 3931: 3929: 3927: 3925: 3918:, p. 125 3917: 3912: 3905: 3904:Barthorp 2002 3900: 3893: 3888: 3882:, p. 151 3881: 3880:Barthorp 2002 3876: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3868: 3866: 3858: 3853: 3851: 3844: 3839: 3832: 3831:Barthorp 2002 3827: 3825: 3817: 3812: 3805: 3800: 3793: 3788: 3786: 3784: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3769:, p. 149 3768: 3767:Barthorp 2002 3763: 3761: 3759: 3757: 3749: 3744: 3742: 3734: 3729: 3727: 3710: 3706: 3705:New Statesman 3702: 3695: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3687: 3685: 3677: 3672: 3665: 3664:Barthorp 2002 3660: 3653: 3648: 3642:, p. 157 3641: 3640:Barthorp 2002 3636: 3634: 3632: 3630: 3628: 3626: 3624: 3616: 3611: 3609: 3602:, p. 50. 3601: 3596: 3594: 3587:, p. 49. 3586: 3585:Lansford 2017 3581: 3574: 3569: 3567: 3565: 3563: 3561: 3553: 3548: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3533: 3525: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3499: 3495: 3493: 3492: 3482: 3477: 3470: 3465: 3458: 3454: 3449: 3442: 3438: 3433: 3426: 3419: 3412: 3406: 3399: 3393: 3387: 3383: 3376: 3369: 3362: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3339: 3331: 3325: 3321: 3318: 3317: 3306: 3303: 3301: 3298: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3232: 3226: 3224: 3220: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3198: 3197: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3150:Jind Infantry 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3111: 3110:Alwar Lancers 3108: 3106: 3103: 3102: 3100: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3041: 3039: 3036: 3034: 3031: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2951: 2949: 2946: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2865: 2863: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2842: 2838: 2836: 2832: 2830: 2826: 2824: 2820: 2818: 2814: 2812: 2808: 2806: 2802: 2800: 2796: 2794: 2790: 2788: 2784: 2782: 2778: 2776: 2773: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2761: 2756: 2754: 2748: 2747:(1908–1935). 2746: 2742: 2741:battle honour 2734: 2729: 2717: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2703: 2700:, (Loyalty), 2699: 2695: 2691: 2688: 2687: 2686: 2684: 2674: 2672: 2667: 2663: 2657: 2653: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2629: 2627: 2621: 2619: 2614: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2598: 2594: 2585: 2580: 2570: 2566: 2562: 2558: 2550: 2547: 2542: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2519: 2516: 2507: 2498: 2494: 2492: 2489:, as well as 2488: 2484: 2483:Reginald Dyer 2480: 2469: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2430: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2419:Chitral state 2416: 2412: 2402: 2400: 2396: 2393: 2389: 2388:Khyber Rifles 2385: 2380: 2378: 2373: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2352: 2348: 2343: 2339: 2330: 2326: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2301: 2297: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2281: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2248: 2233: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2198: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2135: 2133: 2129: 2123: 2121: 2117: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2092: 2089: 2084: 2080: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2049: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2005: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1988: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1977:mountain guns 1974: 1970: 1966: 1955: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1941: 1937: 1932: 1928: 1925: 1921: 1918: 1911:Afghan forces 1908: 1906: 1902: 1896: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1881: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1861: 1859: 1856:and then the 1855: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1794: 1793:(1878–1880). 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1766: 1764: 1759: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1740: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1712: 1710: 1706: 1705:British India 1702: 1699: 1695: 1683: 1678: 1676: 1671: 1669: 1664: 1663: 1661: 1660: 1655: 1645: 1643: 1635: 1634: 1633: 1632: 1624: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1598: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1586:List of years 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1553: 1546: 1545: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1526:Paropamisadae 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1466: 1465: 1452: 1449: 1446: 1445: 1441: 1438: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1424: 1420: 1417: 1416: 1412: 1409: 1408:Islamic State 1406: 1405: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1395: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1385: 1381: 1379: 1378:Islamic State 1376: 1375: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1365: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1355: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1345: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1335: 1331: 1329: 1326: 1325: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1315: 1311: 1309: 1306: 1305: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1295: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1281: 1279: 1276: 1275: 1271: 1269: 1268:Afsharid Iran 1266: 1265: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1255: 1251: 1249: 1248:Hotak dynasty 1246: 1245: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1225: 1217: 1216: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1200: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1190: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1180: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1170: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1160: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1150: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1120: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1100: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1090: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1080: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1070: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1060: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1050: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1040: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1030: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1020: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1010: 1006: 1004: 1001: 1000: 996: 994: 991: 990: 986: 984: 981: 980: 972: 971: 961: 959: 956: 955: 951: 949: 946: 945: 941: 939: 936: 935: 932: 930: 927: 926: 922: 920: 917: 916: 912: 910: 907: 906: 902: 900: 897: 896: 892: 890: 889:Kushan Empire 887: 886: 882: 880: 877: 876: 872: 870: 867: 866: 863:247 BC–224 AD 862: 860: 857: 856: 852: 850: 847: 846: 842: 840: 839:Maurya Empire 837: 836: 832: 830: 827: 826: 822: 820: 817: 816: 812: 810: 807: 806: 802: 800: 799:Median Empire 797: 796: 792: 790: 787: 786: 782: 780: 777: 776: 772: 770: 767: 766: 761: 756: 755: 752: 749: 748: 744: 740: 739: 736: 730: 729: 724: 719: 718: 705: 702: 700: 697: 695: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 655: 654:4th Civil War 652: 650: 649:2nd Urtatagai 647: 645: 642: 640: 637: 635: 632: 630: 629:1st Urtatagai 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 610: 607: 603: 600: 599: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 587:2nd Turkestan 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 573: 572:3rd Civil War 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 542:2nd Civil War 540: 538: 535: 533: 530: 528: 525: 523: 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 508: 505: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 473: 470: 468: 465: 463: 460: 458: 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 415: 413: 410: 408: 405: 403: 400: 398: 397:3rd Civil War 395: 393: 392:2nd Civil War 390: 388: 385: 383: 380: 378: 375: 373: 370: 368: 365: 363: 360: 358: 355: 353: 350: 348: 345: 343: 340: 338:1st Civil War 337: 336: 333: 322: 317: 315: 310: 308: 303: 302: 299: 288: 283: 282: 277: 269: 266: 265: 260: 251: 246: 244: 243:Reginald Dyer 239: 234: 232: 227: 222: 221: 219: 211: 206: 204: 199: 194: 192: 191: 185: 180: 179: 177: 176: 171: 165: 153: 152: 151: 149: 136: 134: 132: 119: 118: 113: 104: 101: 99: 96: 95: 94: 91: 88: 87: 83: 79: 75: 72: 71: 67: 64: 63: 59: 53: 48: 45: 40: 35: 30: 19: 8114: 7947:Iraqi Revolt 7934: 7802:Matabeleland 7778:North Borneo 7772:Matabeleland 7724:Saskatchewan 7526:Upper Canada 7520:Lower Canada 7478:Persian Gulf 7394:Persian Gulf 7334:Newfoundland 7315:Polygar Wars 7285:Kandyan Wars 7237:Nootka Sound 6871:Bibliography 6672:Human rights 6627:Constitution 6508:Demographics 6320: 6256:Hindu Shahis 6123: 6026:Kalabagh Dam 6006:Pashtunistan 5823:Pashto media 5743:Ashraf Ghani 5738:Hamid Karzai 5698:Faqir of Ipi 5688:Sartor Faqir 5663:Soraya Tarzi 5658:Mahmud Tarzi 5613:Mahmud Hotak 5578:Ibrahim Lodi 5532:Suri dynasty 5527:Lodi dynasty 5399: 5391: 5082: 5063: 5044: 5025: 5008: 4991: 4972: 4944: 4925: 4906: 4887: 4867: 4849: 4828: 4806: 4786: 4767: 4748: 4728: 4708: 4686: 4652:, p. 88 4631:, p. 84 4609: 4582:. 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Retrieved 3704: 3671: 3659: 3654:, p. 16 3647: 3580: 3550: 3531: 3524: 3516: 3513:the original 3508: 3498: 3490: 3489: 3476: 3464: 3448: 3432: 3418: 3405: 3392: 3386:Collett 2007 3375: 3361: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3324: 3315: 3314: 3215: 3195: 3098: 2908:15th Lancers 2861: 2768: 2764:21st Lancers 2757: 2749: 2738: 2715: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2680: 2658: 2654: 2630: 2622: 2615: 2597:quid pro quo 2596: 2590: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2556: 2543: 2520: 2512: 2495: 2475: 2438:British Army 2431: 2408: 2381: 2368: 2359: 2355: 2351:11th Gurkhas 2335: 2307: 2298: 2282: 2250: 2199: 2168: 2164:Mahmud Tarzi 2141: 2138:Preparations 2124: 2107:armored cars 2096: 2050: 2011: 1990: 1961: 1914: 1897: 1882: 1878:belligerents 1862: 1842: 1810: 1795: 1772: 1760: 1741: 1713: 1693: 1691: 1601:List of wars 1450:(reinstated) 1410:(reinstated) 783:2100–1800 BC 773:2200–1800 BC 674:2nd Kuhistan 669:1st Kuhistan 633: 512:3rd Kandahar 467:1st Kandahar 382:Kafir Qal'eh 188: 137: 120: 115:Belligerents 92: 42:Part of the 29: 8067:Suez Crisis 7965:Transjordan 7869:West Africa 7846:(1899–1902) 7840:(1898–1901) 7832:Six-Day War 7780:(1894–1905) 7768:(1891–1895) 7748:Mashonaland 7712:Mahdist War 7652:Shimonoseki 7582:(1847–1901) 7492:(1824–1901) 7460:Cape Colony 7358:Cape Colony 7317:(1799–1805) 7311:(1799–1803) 7299:(1798–1800) 7287:(1796–1818) 7261:Cape Colony 7251:(1793–1806) 7233:(1788–1934) 7129:Nova Scotia 7099:Yamasee War 7070:(1694–1700) 7044:Child's War 7032:2nd Tangier 7026:1st Tangier 7022:(1655–1739) 6972:Saint Kitts 6950:(1593–1603) 6474:Earthquakes 6251:Turk Shahis 6206:Afghanistan 6099:Ambela Pass 6045:Battles and 6016:Durand Line 5921:Kabir Stori 5881:Rahman Baba 5796:Pashtunwali 5748:Arfa Siddiq 5568:Bahlul Lodi 5556:Key figures 5222:Afghanistan 4669:Rodger 2003 4650:Rodger 2003 4629:Rodger 2003 4390:Singer 1984 3966:Hughes 1992 3916:Hughes 1992 2755:regiments. 2618:Durand Line 2539:Transjordan 2531:Mesopotamia 2434:Spin Baldak 2423:Baluchistan 2257:Landi Kotal 2222:Khojak Pass 2206:Balochistan 2187:Durand Line 2156:Khyber Pass 2099:.303 Maxims 2057:18-pounders 2042:Baluchistan 1938:from local 1756:Durand Line 1717:Khyber Pass 1521:Kushanshahr 1398:US invasion 1133:Khwarezmids 983:Kabul Shahi 938:Alchon Huns 793:1500–535 BC 734:Afghanistan 732:History of 684:2nd Ghilzai 634:3rd Britain 609:2nd Maimana 582:1st Ghilzai 577:1st Maimana 562:2nd Britain 342:1st Ghilzai 270:8 divisions 131:Afghanistan 82:Afghanistan 8122:Categories 7971:Pink's War 7863:Somaliland 7700:Basutoland 7454:Guadeloupe 7436:Xhosa Wars 7418:Seychelles 7400:Guadeloupe 7388:Martinique 7255:Rohilkhand 7219:Gold Coast 7189:Rohilkhand 7147:Bengal War 6984:Pequot War 6632:Loya jirga 6551:Nuristanis 6363:since 1992 6358:Soviet war 6336:Saqqawists 5992:Topics and 5926:Ghani Khan 5911:Hamza Baba 5891:Nazo Tokhi 5876:Pir Roshan 5838:Loya jirga 5718:Daoud Khan 5713:Zahir Shah 5683:Bacha Khan 5673:Nadir Shah 5648:Saidu Baba 5468:Multimedia 5425:Great Game 5334:Second War 5192:Sam Browne 5172:John Keane 4678:References 4475:Pipes 1995 4337:16 January 4329:Jan, Ali. 4002:28 October 3715:17 January 3425:Waziristan 3411:battalions 3265:Pink's War 2662:Waziristan 2446:Nadir Khan 2342:Rawalpindi 2338:Abbottabad 2179:Waziristan 2171:Nadir Khan 2158:and seize 1927:battalions 1779:Great Game 1769:Background 1536:Zabulistan 1511:Kafiristan 1506:Kabulistan 1328:Daoud coup 1163:Qarlughids 1103:Ghaznavids 1013:Tang China 958:Nezak Huns 883:155–80? BC 853:256–125 BC 843:305–180 BC 833:312–150 BC 823:330–312 BC 813:550–330 BC 803:728–550 BC 699:7th Hazara 694:6th Hazara 619:Kafiristan 614:5th Hazara 597:4th Hazara 592:3rd Hazara 567:14th Herat 552:13th Herat 547:12th Herat 537:11th Herat 517:10th Herat 507:Sheberghan 462:2nd Hazara 417:1st Hazara 284:1,000 dead 203:Nadir Khan 8103:Falklands 8099:(1963–67) 8093:(1962–66) 8087:(1962–90) 8075:(1962–76) 8063:(1955–59) 8057:(1954–59) 8051:(1952–60) 8045:(1948–60) 8039:(1946–50) 8031:Indonesia 8027:(1945–46) 8025:Indochina 8021:(1944–48) 8009:(1936–39) 8003:(1936–39) 7991:(1931–32) 7985:(1930–31) 7979:(1927–30) 7961:(1922–24) 7959:Kurdistan 7943:(1919–20) 7919:(1916–17) 7899:Nyasaland 7895:(1914–15) 7889:(1914–15) 7877:(1903–04) 7871:(1901–02) 7865:(1900–20) 7828:(1897–98) 7822:(1897–98) 7804:(1896–97) 7774:(1893–94) 7738:(1886–89) 7714:(1881–99) 7708:(1880–81) 7702:(1880–81) 7696:(1879–80) 7684:(1875–76) 7670:Abyssinia 7666:(1866–71) 7660:(1864–65) 7648:(1863–64) 7640:Kagoshima 7636:(1857–58) 7630:(1857–59) 7624:(1856–60) 7618:(1856–57) 7612:(1854–56) 7610:Åland War 7594:(1848–49) 7570:(1845–50) 7564:(1845–46) 7558:(1845–72) 7552:(1839–42) 7546:(1839–42) 7540:(1839–41) 7528:(1837–38) 7522:(1837–38) 7516:(1831–33) 7510:(1831–32) 7504:(1828–32) 7498:(1824–26) 7474:(1817–18) 7450:(1814–16) 7444:(1812–15) 7438:(1811–79) 7432:(1810–11) 7412:Mauritius 7384:(1808–09) 7366:(1806–07) 7342:(1803–05) 7305:(1798–99) 7275:(1795–96) 7269:(1795–96) 7245:(1789–92) 7221:(1781–82) 7215:(1779–84) 7209:(1775–82) 7203:(1775–83) 7191:(1773–74) 7185:(1769–73) 7179:(1765–71) 7173:(1763–66) 7167:(1762–63) 7155:(1758–61) 7149:(1756–65) 7143:(1756–63) 7137:(1754–63) 7131:(1749–55) 7125:(1746–63) 7119:(1744–48) 7113:(1740–42) 7107:(1722–25) 7101:(1715–17) 7095:(1711–15) 7089:(1702–13) 7064:(1688–97) 7058:(1688–91) 7046:(1686–90) 7040:(1675–78) 7016:(1654–60) 7010:(1654–67) 7004:(1649–53) 6998:(1641–53) 6986:(1634–38) 6956:(1609–46) 6798:Education 6767:Transport 6588:Languages 6561:Qizilbash 6489:Volcanoes 6447:Geography 6089:Herat War 6047:conflicts 5768:Ali Wazir 5708:Wali Khan 5693:Umra Khan 5583:Gaju Khan 5519:Dynasties 5392:Third War 5296:First War 4378:Loyn 2009 4101:Loyn 2009 3491:Citations 3481:Loyn 2009 3469:Loyn 2009 3453:Loyn 2009 3437:Loyn 2009 3316:Footnotes 2708:(Service) 2553:Ceasefire 2399:Jalalabad 2377:standards 2370:from the 2261:companies 2144:Nangarhar 2030:GHQ India 2018:divisions 1936:deserters 1931:artillery 1920:regiments 1889:Amanullah 1739:in June. 1737:armistice 1721:Jalalabad 1476:Arachosia 1442:2004–2021 1427:2001–2004 1392:1996–2001 1382:1992–1996 1362:1978–1992 1342:1973–1978 1322:1926–1973 1302:1823–1926 1292:1818–1855 1282:1747–1823 1272:1738–1747 1262:1716–1732 1252:1709–1738 1242:1510–1709 1232:1501–1738 1207:1520–1591 1197:1370–1507 1187:1245–1381 1177:1256–1335 1173:Ilkhanate 1167:1224–1266 1157:1226–1245 1147:1219–1226 1137:1215–1231 1127:1037–1194 1083:Saffarids 873:180–90 BC 644:3rd Khost 624:2nd Khost 527:1st Khost 502:9th Herat 447:7th Herat 432:Jalalabad 427:1st Shuja 422:6th Herat 412:5th Herat 377:4th Herat 367:3rd Herat 352:1st Herat 347:Chindawol 8091:Malaysia 8013:Ethiopia 7911:Peshawar 7676:Manitoba 7658:Duar War 6954:Virginia 6880:Category 6838:War rugs 6833:Religion 6818:Olympics 6747:Taxation 6610:Politics 6571:Turkmens 6556:Pashtuns 6531:Farsiwan 6494:Wildlife 6411:Timeline 6404:By topic 6210:articles 5458:Category 5017:63665705 5000:46160081 4709:Military 4561:Lee 2019 4549:Lee 2019 4530:20 March 4438:Lee 2019 4347:cite web 4041:Lee 2019 4029:Lee 2019 3857:Lee 2019 3709:Archived 3615:Lee 2019 3573:Lee 2019 3427:in 1917. 3229:See also 2762:and the 2694:Lōy Khan 2671:campaign 2666:uprising 2650:George V 2546:Zeppelin 2537:and the 2515:airpower 2442:escalade 2440:used an 2395:en masse 2266:Peshawar 2214:Gulistan 2202:Kandahar 2160:Peshawar 2022:brigades 2001:lashkars 1965:Martinis 1924:infantry 1854:Mohmands 1838:holy war 1719:towards 1703:invaded 1642:Category 1516:Khorasan 1496:Gandhara 1437:politics 1338:Republic 1238:Safavids 1193:Timurids 1107:963–1187 1093:Samanids 1073:Tahirids 1063:Abbasids 1033:Umayyads 975:Medieval 751:Timeline 723:a series 721:Part of 664:Shinwari 437:Peshawar 407:Nowshera 262:Strength 73:Location 8085:Sarawak 8037:Sarawak 7929:Nigeria 7917:Mohmand 7905:Nigeria 7856:century 7514:Malacca 7508:Jamaica 7466:Algiers 7406:Reunion 7352:Surinam 7327:century 7273:Grenada 7267:Jamaica 7159:Jamaica 7080:century 7020:Jamaica 6948:Ireland 6941:century 6928:English 6857:Outline 6793:Cuisine 6781:Culture 6757:Tourism 6710:Economy 6657:Cabinet 6622:Taliban 6541:Hazaras 6464:Borders 6341:Emirate 6218:History 5979:Taliban 5778:Culture 5510:Pashtun 5413:Related 5151:Leaders 4858:7233999 4584:28 July 3338:Persian 2706:Khedmat 2702:Sedāqat 2593:subsidy 2573:Outcome 2294:lorries 2286:Gurkhas 2274:Viceroy 2148:Mohmand 1969:Snyders 1940:militia 1922:and 75 1917:cavalry 1858:Mahsuds 1775:Russian 1752:Britain 1566:Culture 1491:Bactria 1419:Interim 1318:Kingdom 1298:Emirate 1228:Mughals 1203:Arghuns 1183:Kartids 1123:Seljuks 1113:Ghurids 1097:875–999 1087:863–900 1077:821–873 1067:750–821 1057:750-977 1047:680–870 1043:Zunbils 1037:661–750 1027:660–842 1017:660–669 1007:652–661 987:565–879 962:484–711 952:410–557 942:380–560 923:320–465 913:230–651 760:Ancient 602:Uruzgan 402:Shopian 8105:(1982) 8081:(1962) 8079:Brunei 8069:(1956) 8033:(1945) 8015:(1943) 7997:(1935) 7973:(1925) 7967:(1923) 7955:(1921) 7949:(1920) 7937:(1919) 7931:(1918) 7925:(1917) 7923:Quebec 7913:(1915) 7907:(1915) 7901:(1915) 7883:(1906) 7834:(1899) 7816:(1897) 7810:(1897) 7798:(1896) 7792:(1896) 7786:(1895) 7762:(1891) 7756:(1891) 7750:(1890) 7744:(1888) 7742:Hazara 7732:(1885) 7726:(1885) 7720:(1882) 7690:(1879) 7678:(1870) 7672:(1868) 7654:(1864) 7642:(1863) 7606:(1854) 7600:(1852) 7588:(1848) 7586:Ceylon 7576:(1847) 7574:Canton 7534:(1839) 7486:(1823) 7484:Guiana 7480:(1819) 7468:(1816) 7462:(1815) 7456:(1815) 7426:(1810) 7420:(1810) 7414:(1810) 7408:(1810) 7402:(1810) 7396:(1809) 7390:(1809) 7378:(1807) 7372:(1807) 7360:(1806) 7354:(1804) 7348:(1804) 7336:(1800) 7293:(1798) 7281:(1795) 7279:Ceylon 7263:(1795) 7257:(1794) 7239:(1789) 7227:(1786) 7197:(1774) 7161:(1762) 7052:(1687) 7034:(1664) 7028:(1662) 7008:Acadia 6992:(1641) 6980:(1628) 6978:Quebec 6974:(1626) 6968:(1622) 6962:(1612) 6960:Swally 6885:Portal 6828:Poetry 6813:Cinema 6737:Mining 6732:Energy 6583:Health 6576:Uzbeks 6566:Tajiks 6536:Gurjar 6526:Baloch 6208: 5935:Groups 5801:Pashto 5288:Events 5089: 5070: 5051: 5032: 5015: 4998: 4979: 4951: 4932: 4913: 4894: 4875: 4856: 4837: 4814: 4793: 4774: 4755: 4736: 4715: 4693: 4458: 3543: 3348:, the 3330:Pashto 2753:Gurkha 2642:London 2626:Caliph 2491:Dogras 2415:Kurram 2411:Quetta 2392:desert 2218:Pishin 2210:Chaman 2191:Gardez 2183:Kurram 2152:Afridi 2038:Kurram 1997:Khyber 1993:Afridi 1748:dejure 1727:. The 1531:Sistan 1486:Ariana 1220:Modern 725:on the 639:Alizai 532:Kunduz 442:Jamrud 387:Multan 372:Attock 357:Shahda 161: 145: 128: 89:Result 7983:Tirah 7893:Tochi 7682:Perak 7448:Nepal 7370:Egypt 7297:Malta 7225:Assam 7068:Ghana 6966:Ormuz 6864:Index 6808:Music 6682:women 6600:Women 6521:Arabs 5863:Poets 5853:Jirga 3537:Hurst 3311:Notes 2638:Kabul 2634:Italy 2479:Kohat 2323:Dacca 2175:Khost 2034:Tochi 1973:Krupp 1905:Jihad 1783:Kabul 1763:Jihad 1733:Kabul 1454:since 1053:Lawik 492:Aqcha 482:Balkh 472:Tagab 362:Nimla 164:India 8097:Aden 8073:Oman 8055:Oman 7854:20th 7430:Java 7325:19th 7078:18th 7050:Siam 6939:17th 6803:Flag 6677:LGBT 5087:ISBN 5068:ISBN 5049:ISBN 5030:ISBN 5013:OCLC 4996:OCLC 4977:ISBN 4949:ISBN 4930:ISBN 4911:ISBN 4892:ISBN 4873:ISBN 4854:OCLC 4835:ISBN 4812:ISBN 4791:ISBN 4772:ISBN 4753:ISBN 4734:ISBN 4713:ISBN 4691:ISBN 4586:2010 4532:2020 4456:ISBN 4353:link 4339:2010 4004:2013 3717:2009 3541:ISBN 2698:Wafa 2535:Aden 2472:Thal 2462:Wana 2413:and 2315:BE2c 2253:Bagh 2150:and 2118:and 2109:and 2046:Zhob 2036:and 1985:Sikh 1967:and 1893:amir 1800:and 1742:The 1725:Thal 1692:The 1596:Wars 1576:Name 1501:Iran 1481:Aria 1456:2021 1413:2001 1402:2001 1372:1990 1352:1978 1332:1973 1312:1929 80:and 65:Date 7442:USA 6546:Kho 2460:in 2236:War 2111:RAF 929:Rob 8124:: 4657:^ 4636:^ 4621:^ 4594:^ 4534:. 4521:. 4349:}} 4345:{{ 4283:^ 4256:^ 4183:^ 4144:^ 3994:. 3958:^ 3923:^ 3864:^ 3849:^ 3823:^ 3774:^ 3755:^ 3740:^ 3725:^ 3707:. 3703:. 3683:^ 3622:^ 3607:^ 3592:^ 3559:^ 3549:. 3535:. 3507:. 3340:: 3336:; 3332:: 3225:. 2849:, 2845:1/ 2685:: 2533:, 2525:, 2296:. 2276:, 2216:, 2212:, 2122:. 2086:A 1711:. 6930:/ 6919:e 6912:t 6905:v 6429:" 6425:" 6198:e 6191:t 6184:v 5502:e 5495:t 5488:v 5136:e 5129:t 5122:v 5095:. 5076:. 5057:. 5038:. 5019:. 5002:. 4985:. 4957:. 4938:. 4919:. 4900:. 4881:. 4860:. 4843:. 4820:. 4799:. 4780:. 4761:. 4742:. 4721:. 4699:. 4588:. 4464:. 4355:) 4341:. 4006:. 3719:. 3443:. 3400:. 3370:. 3356:, 3328:( 2044:– 1681:e 1674:t 1667:v 1439:) 1435:( 1421:/ 320:e 313:t 306:v 20:)

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