311:) did not represent there being five deer, nor was there any significance to the number five other than as a defining number. The five relates to the juncture of the day, it comes after day 4 and before day 6 in this specific 13 day cycle. The 13 day cycles are subdivisions of the larger 260 day calendar, and they pertain to different rituals and times of the year. The order of the days related to all aspects of life, they dictated when was the right time to plant maize and when to harvest. People felt that they would be vulnerable if the plantings and festivals didn't take place on the specified days. The gods were also associated with different days, dictating when to hold a feast in each one's honor and which god to pray to. For example, One reed is associated with
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1058:
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119:
annotated to identify the day signs (Tonalpohualli) and counts on the page. This page includes the later half of a
Trecena, starting with 6 grass (6 Malinalli) and ending with 13 rain (13 Quiyahuitl). The Trecena progresses from the second row and the first column and continues to the right. Once it
257:
cycle would take place over 260 days and since each day was unique in number and symbol each had its own intrinsic meaning. It is likely that the root of these units comes from the human body: the Aztecs would count using all digits on their body consisting of the 20 day signs. The 260 cycle likely
282:
adding up to the juncture of that day. The glyphs had to be understood by the population so there is a strong level of similarity in depiction of each trecena. However, the day count seems to be up to the discretion of the artist. The first day of the 13 day cycle would be one crocodile
252:
was divided into eighteen twenty day months, and then an extra five days at the end of the cycle. Each day denoted by a different day sign and number, the double calendars were intertwined so that every 52 years the same combination of day signs and numbers would appear again. The full
273:
form of writing is largely pictorial and was a semasiographic system, meaning writing existed separately from spoken word. The glyphs were recognizable to their meaning, and members of the population would understand what day it was and their current position in time. Since the
324:
The larger rituals would be on the first half of the 13 day cycles, but other important religious activities were done on specific
Tonalpohualli days. For instance, the feast of the sun was held on four movement. Most things in day to day life were dependent on the correlating
212:
148:
begins at the bottom leftmost corner with 1 movement (1 Olin) and continues through the full 13 day cycle until 13 water (13 Atl) at the top box on the inner column. Each day sign is paired with their respective deity, for example 2 flint is presented by
125:
203:
is ruled by a different deity. Graphic representations for the twenty day names have existed among certain ethnic, linguistic, or archaeologically identified peoples.
258:
originated from womans’ gestational cycle, as from the time of the first missed menstruation cycle to the time of giving birth is roughly 260 days.
2300:
333:), and this would determine the child’s destiny. Furthermore, marriages were dependent on the compatibility of the couple’s day signs and numbers.
1947:
278:
would repeat every twenty days they were accompanied by a number from 1-13. Usually the day count was depicted by small circles next to the main
236:
refers to the count of the days, made up of 20 day signs and a 260 day cycle. In Aztec society there were multiple intertwining calendars, the
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71:
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2092:
1505:
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and so forth. This pattern would continue until all 20 day signs had been associated with numbers 1 through 13. The
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17:
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37:
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329:—even given name. When born, formal names would be the day you were born; for example, 5 lizard (
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708:
543:
269:, which in almost all representations are accompanied with a glyph depicting its character. The
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120:
is five columns in the order it progresses downward until the fifth column and fifth row. The
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2438:
1900:
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Re-Creating
Primordial Time: Foundation Rituals and Mythology in the Postclassic Maya Codices
1367:
Vail, Gabrielle; Hernandez, Christine (2013), "Mexican
Codices and Mythological Traditions",
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8:
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Note that the symbols are arranged counterclockwise around the calendar stone.
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140:
Folio 13 with annotations to highlight the day signs (Tonalpohualli) within the
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1579:
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299:). During this cycle the Trecenas would repeat making the day eight crocodile (
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2016:
1991:
1964:
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Stories in Red and Black : Pictorial
Histories of the Aztecs and Mixtecs
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132:
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232:, comes from the root word Tona which means to give light or heat. T
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and numbers were two separate identities, the day five deer (
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as aforementioned consists of twenty different day signs or
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1287:, University of Texas Press, pp. 13–32, 2007-12-31,
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Cycles of Time and
Meaning in the Mexican Books of Fate
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291:). The next 13 day cycle would begin with one jaguar (
189:. This calendar is solar and consists of 20 13-day (
1331:
2731:
1371:, University Press of Colorado, pp. 23–43,
1174:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Mesoamerican Cultures
246:which refers to the solar year of 365 days. The
1499:
1366:
1281:"2 Time, the Ritual Calendar, and Divination"
351:
198:
190:
1195:"The Experience of Time in Nahuatl Religion"
1440:
1199:Journal of the American Academy of Religion
124:was produced in the sixteenth century with
35:
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182:version of the 260-day calendar in use in
1460:Discussion of origin of the 260-day cycle
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210:
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29:
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1046:
14:
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1176:. : Oxford University Press, 2001
317:, while two reeds are associated with
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1439:The glyphs shown are taken from the
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42:, showing four day-symbols of the
25:
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1401:Dibble, Charles E. (1984-01-01).
1322:
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1168:Macri, Martha J. "Day-Signs." In
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144:which is shown on the page. The
2566:English and British regnal year
1063:Flower, Rain, Flint, Earthquake
295:) and continue until 13 death (
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1360:
1162:
346:
206:
174:), meaning "count of days" in
13:
1:
1513:
1155:
287:and continue until 13 reeds (
104:), with Spanish descriptions.
1244:"The Aztec Calendar Systems"
380:(Caiman or aquatic monster)
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7:
1193:Neumann, Franke J. (1976).
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10:
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96:= four) Caiman/Crocodile (
2755:Nahuatl words and phrases
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1419:10.18441/ind.v9i0.115-122
1403:"Sahagún's Tonalpohualli"
1378:10.5876/9781607322214.c02
1211:10.1093/jaarel/XLIV.2.255
920:(Movement or Earthquake)
171:[toːnaɬpoːˈwalːi]
122:Codex Telleriano-Remensis
115:Codex Telleriano-Remensis
1087:Reed, Grass, Monkey, Dog
1634:Assamese (Bhāshkarābda)
1332:Hill Boone, Elizabeth.
220:calendar representation
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2665:Dungeons & Dragons
2071:Ethiopian and Eritrean
1472:Animated tōnalpōhualli
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1123:House, Wind, Alligator
1075:Vulture, Eagle, Jaguar
352:
221:
199:
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167:Nahuatl pronunciation:
154:
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105:
36:
2677:The Lord of the Rings
2384:Hanke–Henry Permanent
214:
135:
111:
34:Page 11 reverse from
33:
1443:Codex Magliabechiano
1140:Aztec calendar stone
1111:Death, Snake, Lizard
1047:Gallery of day signs
38:Codex Magliabechiano
2389:International Fixed
2327:Proleptic Gregorian
1948:Slavic Native Faith
1099:Water, Rabbit, Deer
54:= one) Flint/Knife
2750:Obsolete calendars
2745:Specific calendars
2059:Christian variants
1477:2010-02-12 at the
1465:2008-05-30 at the
1293:10.7560/712638-006
222:
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126:European influence
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2709:List of calendars
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2635:
2335:historiographical
2202:French Republican
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1866:Manipuri (Meitei)
1345:978-0-292-79184-8
1248:rubens.anu.edu.au
1044:
1043:
955:(Flint or Knife)
224:The term for the
197:) periods. Each
16:(Redirected from
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2571:Human (Holocene)
2556:Chinese Imperial
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2376:Reform proposals
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968:Chalchiuhtotolin
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151:Chalchiuhtotolin
138:Codex Borbonicus
103:
89:
82:= three) Flower
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41:
21:
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2740:Aztec calendars
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2586:Nirayana system
2512:Ab urbe condita
2500:
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2413:
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2321:anthropological
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2088:Liturgical year
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1479:Wayback Machine
1467:Wayback Machine
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1145:Aztec mythology
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527:Chalchiuhtlicue
364:Cardinal point
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12:
11:
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2551:Before Present
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2048:Calendar round
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1454:External links
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1301:
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1232:
1205:(2): 255–263.
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1170:David Carrasco
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1135:Aztec calendar
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680:
671:
667:
666:
663:
654:
647:
638:
634:
633:
630:
621:
614:
605:
601:
600:
597:
588:
581:
572:
568:
567:
564:
555:
548:
539:
535:
534:
531:
522:
515:
506:
502:
501:
498:
489:
482:
473:
469:
468:
465:
456:
449:
440:
436:
435:
432:
423:
416:
405:
401:
400:
397:
393:Tōnacātēcuhtli
388:
381:
370:
366:
365:
362:
359:
356:
349:
338:
335:
208:
205:
27:Aztec calendar
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2767:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2720:
2712:
2710:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2691:
2690:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2629:
2626:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2536:Anno Martyrum
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2451:and numbering
2446:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2416:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2367:
2366:'Pataphysical
2364:
2362:
2359:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2339:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2135:Tōnalpōhualli
2133:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2101:
2098:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1889:Vikram Samvat
1887:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1743:Vikram Samvat
1741:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1607:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1509:
1504:
1502:
1497:
1495:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1445:
1444:
1436:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1388:9781607322214
1384:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1363:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1328:
1326:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1302:9780292795280
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1161:
1151:
1150:Maya calendar
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1119:
1114:
1107:
1102:
1095:
1090:
1083:
1078:
1071:
1066:
1059:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
994:
990:
986:
981:
978:
977:
973:
969:
964:
961:
957:
952:
946:
943:
942:
938:
934:
929:
926:
922:
917:
911:
908:
907:
903:
899:
894:
891:
887:
883:
882:Cōzcacuāuhtli
878:
875:
874:
870:
866:
861:
858:
854:
850:
845:
842:
841:
837:
833:
828:
825:
821:
818:
814:
809:
804:
801:
800:
796:
792:
787:
784:
780:
776:
771:
768:
767:
763:
759:
754:
751:
747:
743:
738:
735:
734:
730:
726:
721:
718:
714:
710:
705:
702:
701:
697:
693:
688:
685:
681:
677:
672:
669:
668:
664:
660:
655:
652:
648:
644:
639:
636:
635:
631:
627:
622:
619:
615:
611:
606:
603:
602:
598:
594:
589:
586:
582:
578:
573:
570:
569:
565:
561:
560:Tecuciztecatl
556:
553:
549:
545:
540:
537:
536:
532:
528:
523:
520:
516:
512:
507:
504:
503:
499:
495:
490:
487:
483:
479:
474:
471:
470:
466:
462:
457:
454:
450:
446:
441:
438:
437:
433:
429:
424:
421:
417:
412:
406:
403:
402:
398:
394:
389:
386:
382:
377:
371:
368:
367:
363:
360:
357:
354:
350:
345:
344:
341:
334:
332:
328:
327:tōnalpōhualli
323:
321:
316:
315:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
281:
277:
272:
268:
264:
263:tōnalpōhualli
259:
256:
255:tōnalpōhualli
251:
250:
245:
244:
239:
238:tōnalpōhualli
235:
231:
230:tōnalpōhualli
227:
218:
217:Tonalpōhualli
213:
204:
201:
195:
194:
188:
185:
184:pre-Columbian
181:
177:
172:
164:
162:
161:tōnalpōhualli
152:
147:
143:
139:
136:Above is the
134:
128:and supplies.
127:
123:
118:
116:
112:Above is the
110:
102:
101:
95:
94:
88:
87:
81:
80:
74:
73:
67:
66:
60:
59:
53:
52:
46:
45:tōnalpōhualli
40:
39:
32:
19:
18:Tonalpohualli
2687:
2675:
2672:Middle-earth
2663:
2651:
2421:applications
2419:Displays and
2329: /
2310:By specialty
2279:
2140:Xiuhpōhualli
2134:
2038:Mesoamerican
1884:Nepal Sambat
1555:Astronomical
1435:
1410:
1406:
1396:
1368:
1362:
1334:
1314:, retrieved
1284:
1251:. Retrieved
1247:
1202:
1198:
1173:
1164:
1050:
1034:Xōchiquetzal
791:Tezcatlipōca
659:Xiuhtecuhtli
494:Huēhuecoyōtl
428:Quetzalcoatl
340:
330:
326:
318:
314:Quetzalcoatl
312:
308:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
262:
260:
254:
249:xiuhpōhualli
247:
243:xiuhpōhualli
241:
237:
234:ōnalpōhualli
233:
229:
223:
158:
156:
113:
68:= two) Rain
2522:Anno Domini
2491:Regnal year
2486:Regnal name
2459:Terminology
2449:Year naming
2404:Symmetry454
2254:Pentecontad
2177:Culāsakaraj
2162:Cappadocian
1894:Yele Sambat
1780:Zoroastrian
1674:Bangladeshi
1612:limited use
1590:Solar Hijri
1585:Lunar Hijri
1548:In wide use
1413:: 115–122.
898:Itzpapalotl
832:Tlazōlteōtl
461:Tepēyōllōtl
228:day signs,
207:Description
187:Mesoamerica
117:: Folio 10r
2734:Categories
2628:Vietnamese
2541:Anno Mundi
2531:Anno Lucis
2526:Common Era
2429:Electronic
2399:Positivist
2361:Discordian
2351:Dreamspell
2286:Sexagenary
2227:Macedonian
2197:Florentine
2147:Babylonian
2113:Historical
2043:Long Count
1997:Vietnamese
1953:Macedonian
1916:Nanakshahi
1846:Lithuanian
1716:Solar term
1354:1286806608
1316:2023-04-21
1253:2023-04-21
1156:References
985:Quiyahuitl
885:(Vulture)
865:Xīpe Totēc
725:Xochipilli
676:Itzcuintli
478:Cuetzpalin
331:Cuetzpalin
240:, and the
2689:Star Trek
2653:Discworld
2648:Discworld
2641:Fictional
2517:Anka year
2496:Year zero
2476:Leap year
2434:Perpetual
2157:Byzantine
1876:Mongolian
1856:Malayalam
1600:Unix time
1575:Gregorian
1570:Ethiopian
1534:Lunisolar
1515:Calendars
1427:2365-2225
1311:240129657
1219:0002-7189
1021:(Flower)
742:Malīnalli
712:(Monkey)
709:Ozomahtli
613:(Rabbit)
544:Miquiztli
481:(Lizard)
337:Day signs
301:Cipactli)
297:Miquiztli
285:Cipactli)
72:quiahuitl
2719:Category
2684:Stardate
2660:Greyhawk
2591:Seleucid
2576:Japanese
2546:Assyrian
2481:New Year
2317:Holocene
2269:Rapa Nui
2242:Tzolkʼin
2207:Germanic
2187:Egyptian
1923:Romanian
1901:Nisg̱a'a
1861:Mandaean
1851:Maithili
1824:Javanese
1819:Japanese
1774:medieval
1728:Georgian
1639:Assyrian
1629:Armenian
1560:Buddhist
1475:Archived
1463:Archived
1129:See also
1001:Tōnatiuh
852:(Eagle)
849:Cuāuhtli
758:Patecatl
745:(Grass)
646:(Water)
626:Mayahuel
547:(Death)
514:(Snake)
448:(House)
376:Cipactli
305:Trecenas
276:Trecenas
267:Trecenas
100:cipactli
2616:Dvapara
2596:Spanish
2505:Systems
2355:New Age
2345:Martian
2301:Turkmen
2296:Swedish
2182:Coligny
2120:Arabian
2081:Revised
1987:Tripuri
1982:Tibetan
1938:Sesotho
1911:Punjabi
1871:Melanau
1841:Kurdish
1807:Tabular
1797:Islamic
1765:Iranian
1696:Chinese
1691:Burmese
1669:Bengali
1657:Pawukon
1610:In more
1565:Chinese
1522:Systems
1407:Indiana
1227:1462338
1018:Xōchitl
988:(Rain)
951:Tecpatl
808:Ocēlōtl
778:(Reed)
610:Tōchtli
580:(Deer)
415:(Wind)
411:Ehēcatl
361:Spirit
353:Trecena
320:Omacatl
293:Ocelotl
200:trecena
193:trecena
178:, is a
176:Nahuatl
146:Trecena
142:Trecena
90:, and (
86:xōchitl
58:tecpatl
2581:Korean
2341:Darian
2291:Soviet
2264:Qumran
2249:Muisca
2167:Celtic
2152:Bulgar
2100:Saints
2076:Julian
2066:Coptic
2012:Yoruba
1943:Slavic
1933:Somali
1880:Nepal
1829:Korean
1791:Gaelic
1770:Jalali
1733:Hebrew
1711:Minguo
1686:Borana
1681:Berber
1644:Baháʼí
1425:
1385:
1352:
1342:
1309:
1299:
1225:
1217:
1172:(ed).
1040:South
974:North
933:Xolotl
904:South
838:North
817:Jaguar
813:Ocelot
764:South
698:North
679:(Dog)
632:South
593:Tlāloc
577:Mazātl
566:North
500:South
434:North
358:Glyph
309:Mazatl
180:Mexica
2611:Treta
2606:Satya
2601:Yugas
2471:Epoch
2409:World
2274:Roman
2259:Pisan
2237:Haabʼ
2217:Hindu
2212:Greek
2192:Enoch
2130:Aztec
2125:Attic
2033:Runic
2026:Types
2007:Xhosa
2002:Wicca
1975:solar
1970:lunar
1960:Tamil
1928:Shona
1834:Juche
1802:Fasli
1787:Irish
1755:Hmong
1738:Hindu
1653:Bali
1648:Badí‘
1580:Hindu
1539:Solar
1529:Lunar
1307:S2CID
1223:JSTOR
1007:West
939:East
871:West
797:East
775:Ācatl
731:West
665:East
599:West
533:East
511:Cōātl
467:West
445:Calli
399:East
289:Acatl
280:glyph
271:Aztec
226:Aztec
93:nāhui
2621:Kali
2439:Wall
2280:Rumi
2232:Maya
2222:Inca
2172:Cham
2017:Zulu
1992:Tulu
1965:Thai
1906:Odia
1814:Jain
1760:Igbo
1748:Saka
1662:Saka
1624:Akan
1423:ISSN
1383:ISBN
1350:OCLC
1340:ISBN
1297:ISBN
1215:ISSN
916:Olīn
261:The
157:The
2466:Era
2394:Pax
1595:ISO
1415:doi
1373:doi
1289:doi
1207:doi
1012:20
979:19
944:18
909:17
876:16
843:15
815:or
802:14
769:13
736:12
703:11
670:10
643:Ātl
79:ēyi
76:, (
65:ōme
62:, (
48:: (
2736::
1421:.
1409:.
1405:.
1381:,
1348:.
1338:.
1324:^
1305:,
1295:,
1283:,
1262:^
1246:.
1235:^
1221:.
1213:.
1203:44
1201:.
1197:.
1181:^
1015:1
982:1
947:1
912:1
879:1
846:1
819:)
805:1
772:1
739:1
706:1
673:1
640:1
637:9
607:1
604:8
574:1
571:7
541:1
538:6
508:1
505:5
475:1
472:4
442:1
439:3
407:1
404:2
372:1
369:1
51:ce
2692:)
2686:(
2680:)
2674:(
2668:)
2662:(
2656:)
2650:(
2524:/
1507:e
1500:t
1493:v
1429:.
1417::
1411:9
1375::
1356:.
1291::
1256:.
1229:.
1209::
811:(
347:№
322:.
283:(
165:(
153:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
