384:
408:
396:
56:
31:
372:
3003:
2991:
1551:
3015:
1534:
1506:
1494:
1207:
Wu, Guohong Albert; Terol, Javier; Ibanez, Victoria; LĂłpez-GarcĂa, Antonio; PĂ©rez-RomĂĄn, Estela; BorredĂĄ, Carles; Domingo, Concha; Tadeo, Francisco R; Carbonell-Caballero, Jose; Alonso, Roberto; Curk, Franck; Du, Dongliang; Ollitrault, Patrick; Roose, Mikeal L.; Dopazo, Joaquin; Gmitter, Frederick G.
349:
The trifoliate orange is recognizable by the large 3â5 cm (1.2â2.0 in) thorns on the shoots, and its deciduous leaves with three (or rarely, five) leaflets, typically with the middle leaflet 3â5 cm (1.2â2.0 in) long, and the two side leaflets 2â3 cm (0.79â1.18 in) long.
572:
as a separate genus. To explain the conflict between the plastid and nuclear genomic analysis, it was speculated that the trifoliate orange is likely either the progeny of an ancient hybridization between a core citrus and an unidentified more distant relative, or at some time in its history it
350:
The flowers are white, with pink stamens, 3â5 cm (1.2â2.0 in) in diameter, larger than those of true citrus but otherwise closely resembling them, except that the scent is much less pronounced than with true citrus. As with true citrus, the leaves give off a spicy smell when crushed.
1114:
Bayer, Randall J.; Mabberly, David J.; Morton, Cynthia; Miller, Cathy H.; Sharma, Ish K.; Pfiel, Bernard E.; Rich, Sarah; Hitchcock, Roberta; Sykes, Steve (2009). "A molecular phylogeny of the orange subfamily (Rutaceae: Aurantioideae) using nine cpDNA sequences".
1396:
Peng, Ze; Bredeson, Jessen V.; Wu, Guohong A.; Shu, Shengqiang; Rawat, Nidhi; Du, Dongliang; Parajuli, Saroj; Yu, Qibin; You, Qian; Rokhsar, Daniel S.; Gmitter, Frederick G. Jr; Deng, Zhanao (2020).
956:
Zhou H.Y.; Shin E.M.; Guo L.Y.; Zou L.B.; Xu G.H.; Lee S.-H.; Ze K.R.; Kim E.-K.; Kang S.S.; Kim Y.S. (2007), "Anti-inflammatory activity of 21(alpha, beta)-methylmelianodiols, novel compounds from
1315:"A nuclear phylogenetic analysis: SNPs, indels and SSRs deliver new insights into the relationships in the 'true citrus fruit trees' group (Citrinae, Rutaceae) and the origin of cultivated species"
1160:"A nuclear phylogenetic analysis: SNPs, indels and SSRs deliver new insights into the relationships in the 'true citrus fruit trees' group (Citrinae, Rutaceae) and the origin of cultivated species"
631:
taxa due to different flowering times, but hybrids have been produced artificially between the trifoliate orange and other citrus. In the
Swingle system, where the trifoliate orange is placed in
1046:
Nicolosi, E.; Deng, Z. N.; Gentile, A.; La Malfa, S.; Continella, G.; Tribulato, E. (2000). "Citrus phylogeny and genetic origin of important species as investigated by molecular markers".
1272:
Talon, Manuel; Wu, Guohong Albert; Gmitter, Frederick G.; Rokhsar, Daniel S (2020). "The origin of citrus". In Talon, Manuel; Caruso, Marco; Gmitter, Frederick G. Jr. (eds.).
2976:
1398:"A chromosomeâscale reference genome of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) provides insights into disease resistance, cold tolerance and genome evolution in Citrus"
2583:
2578:
1447:
Froelicher, Yann; Mouhaya, Wafa; Bassene, Jean-Baptiste; Costantino, Gilles; Kamiri, Mourad; Luro, Francois; Morillo, Raphael; Ollitrault, Patrick (2011).
2971:
1313:
Garcia-Lor, Andres; Curk, Franck; Snoussi-Trifa, Hager; Morillon, Raphael; Ancillo, Gema; Luro, François; Navarro, Luis; Ollitrault, Patrick (2011).
1158:
Garcia-Lor, Andres; Curk, Franck; Snoussi-Trifa, Hager; Morillon, Raphael; Ancillo, Gema; Luro, François; Navarro, Luis; Ollitrault, Patrick (2011).
432:'Flying Dragon' is dwarfed in size, has highly twisted, contorted stems, and has even stronger thorns than the type. It makes an excellent barrier
3257:
3322:
3407:
577:
cpDNA genome from another species. Ollitrault, Curk and
Krueger indicate that the majority of data are consistent with the enlarged
933:(L.) Raf. into Citrus]. Shimizu, Tokuro; Kuniga, Takeshi; Yoshioka, Terutaka; Nesumi, Hirohisa; Yoshida, Toshio; Omura, Mitsuo (
608:
has been suggested. Zhang and
Mabberley concluded this Yunnan cultivar is likely a hybrid between the trifoliate orange and another
3527:
3195:
768:
3270:
3208:
1083:"What is Citrus? Taxonomic implications from a study of cp-DNA evolution in the tribe Citreae (Rutaceae subfamily Aurantioideae)"
796:
3288:
1289:
1022:
860:
3275:
1522:
365:. The fruits also have distinctive smell from other citrus varieties and often contain a high concentration of seeds.
759:
926:
1588:
3327:
3244:
3512:
3425:
3309:
903:
837:
353:
The fruits are green, ripening to yellow, and 3â4 cm (1.2â1.6 in) in diameter similar in size to a
3187:
3174:
896:
830:
737:
3433:
3122:
3117:
3104:
3075:
897:"Notice to Fruit Growers and Nurseymen Related to the Naming and Release of the US-942 Citrus Rootstock"
831:"Notice to Fruit Growers and Nurseymen Related to the Naming and Release of the US-942 Citrus Rootstock"
714:
383:
3420:
3213:
3007:
2893:
1484:
514:
407:
337:
or small tree 4â8 m (13â26 ft) tall. Because of its relative hardiness, citrus grafted onto
3517:
3337:
3283:
2898:
2020:
1557:
581:
that includes the trifoliate orange, though they recognize that many botanists still follow
Swingle.
437:
3522:
2638:
1825:
564:
within the citrus, consistent with a single genus, but the sequencing of the nuclear genome by Wu,
55:
3301:
395:
3507:
3502:
3412:
3386:
3182:
3019:
2883:
2863:
2820:
2792:
1810:
800:
533:
465:
3262:
3169:
3037:
2858:
2835:
2065:
2045:
1540:
449:
2210:
2040:
620:, the opposite of what one would expect for a hybrid. This analysis dated its divergence from
436:
due to its density and strong curved thorns. Such hedges have been grown for over 50 years at
2956:
2888:
2810:
2195:
1449:"New universal mitochondrial PCR markers reveal new information on maternal citrus phylogeny"
998:
477:
460:
172:
3461:
3363:
3236:
3143:
2612:
1581:
1362:
1225:
476:
at a high concentration, which is one of the functional components having immunity against
441:
2686:
1698:
929:[PCR Primers for Marker Assisted Backcrossing to Introduce a CTV Resistance Gene from
8:
3381:
2920:
2903:
2762:
2549:
1815:
1081:
de AraĂșjo, Edson
Freitas; Queiroza, Luciano Paganuccide; Machado, Marcos AntĂŽnio (2003).
934:
3399:
3086:
1229:
924:
688:
3469:
2961:
2825:
2623:
2524:
2388:
2334:
2306:
2145:
2015:
1720:
1659:
1468:
1424:
1397:
1339:
1314:
1295:
1184:
1159:
1140:
1063:
1028:
1014:
271:
196:
50:
39:
371:
3358:
3130:
2941:
2926:
2800:
2782:
2539:
2205:
2030:
2000:
1830:
1820:
1624:
1429:
1344:
1285:
1253:
1189:
1132:
1032:
1018:
977:
659:
would mean these hybrids would no longer be intergeneric, but instead hybrids within
326:
2873:
1472:
1299:
1144:
1067:
283:. Whether the trifoliate oranges should be considered to belong to their own genus,
3474:
2931:
2815:
2696:
2607:
2565:
2554:
2544:
2529:
2393:
2301:
2155:
1885:
1460:
1419:
1409:
1334:
1326:
1277:
1243:
1233:
1179:
1171:
1124:
1094:
1055:
1010:
969:
456:
3438:
3135:
3109:
1980:
3497:
3373:
3345:
2995:
2951:
2936:
2868:
2737:
2676:
2617:
2477:
2424:
2408:
2398:
2324:
2316:
2291:
2278:
2268:
2263:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2190:
2095:
2085:
2025:
1995:
1965:
1955:
1905:
1875:
1835:
1775:
1735:
1639:
1614:
1574:
973:
568:
showed its genome to be most divergent, different enough to justify retention of
549:
93:
3314:
663:. Genomic analysis of a number of these hybrids showed them all to derive from
617:
3394:
3096:
2853:
2691:
2534:
2403:
2383:
2329:
2200:
2165:
2075:
1985:
1975:
1935:
1930:
1920:
1860:
1693:
1649:
635:, a hybrid genus name has been coined for these intra-generic crosses, "Ă
445:
358:
330:
80:
1464:
3491:
3060:
2805:
2502:
2286:
2238:
2125:
2105:
2035:
1910:
1865:
1745:
1670:
1644:
1498:
1248:
574:
492:
content. Most people consider them inedible fresh, but they can be made into
296:
188:
1281:
1099:
1082:
444:, and are highly student-proof. The plant is also highly deer-resistant. In
30:
3451:
2878:
2830:
2716:
2711:
2594:
2448:
2438:
2258:
2070:
1880:
1795:
1755:
1688:
1433:
1348:
1257:
1193:
1136:
981:
882:
644:
354:
3350:
1059:
448:, mature specimens of the trifoliate orange can be seen in the gardens of
361:, but with a finely downy surface and having a fuzzy texture similar to a
3296:
3221:
3069:
2946:
2742:
2453:
2421:
2296:
2185:
2160:
2140:
2110:
2010:
1960:
1945:
1730:
1629:
1510:
1330:
1175:
927:"Karatachi no kankitsu torisuteza wÄ«rusu teikĆsei to rensa suru DNA mÄkÄ"
1770:
1238:
1209:
1128:
3200:
2767:
1855:
1850:
1790:
1760:
1750:
1678:
925:
Ohta, Satoshi; Endo, Tomoko; Shimada, Takehiko; Fujii, Hiroshi (2011).
652:
455:
Trifoliate orange and various hybrids of this plant are widely used as
129:
3226:
2050:
1414:
552:
and
Dianxiang Zhang reunited all of Swingle's novel genera back into
3156:
2433:
2215:
2175:
2135:
2060:
1900:
1785:
1740:
1005:. In Talon, Manuel; Caruso, Marco; Gmitter, Frederick G. Jr. (eds.).
648:
497:
493:
473:
292:
3031:
2681:
3446:
3054:
2966:
2772:
2752:
2747:
2721:
2701:
2463:
2443:
2357:
2352:
2120:
2055:
2005:
1925:
1780:
1725:
1712:
1448:
1312:
1157:
640:
489:
429:
280:
139:
106:
3249:
3161:
1446:
955:
772:
525:
The trifoliate orange was historically considered a member of the
2777:
2706:
2458:
2367:
2344:
2170:
2150:
2115:
1990:
1840:
1805:
1765:
1634:
1606:
557:
544:, as part of a larger reclassification that split the historical
472:
Recent studies have revealed that the trifoliate orange contains
540:, based on its deciduous trifoliate leaves differing from other
3148:
2757:
2230:
2180:
2130:
2100:
2090:
2080:
1970:
1950:
1940:
1915:
1895:
1890:
1870:
1845:
1800:
1654:
1619:
1597:
937:). Japanese Society for Horticultural Science. pp. 295â307
585:
149:
119:
861:"Plant of the Week. Hardy Orange or Trifoliate Orange. Latin:
627:
The trifoliate orange does not naturally interbreed with core
2977:
University of
California, Riverside Citrus Variety Collection
1683:
1516:
1493:
735:
712:
526:
433:
362:
334:
333:
6) and will tolerate moderate frost and snow, making a large
307:
303:
67:
43:
1505:
2220:
1045:
997:
Ollitrault, Patrick; Curk, Franck; Krueger, Robert (2020).
556:
in 2008. Early phylogenetic analysis of trifoliate orange
291:
is debated. The species is unusual among citrus for having
1566:
1206:
1113:
1080:
341:
are usually hardier than when grown on their own roots.
536:(1871 â 1952) moved it in 1943 to its own novel genus,
513:
The fruits of the trifoliate orange are widely used in
811:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team
1482:
1271:
996:
1151:
690:
The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant
Species
2972:University of California Citrus Experiment Station
992:
990:
867:. University of Arkansas. Division of Agriculture.
1395:
880:
496:. When dried and powdered, they can be used as a
488:The fruits are very bitter, due in part to their
3489:
584:A second species of trifoliate orange native to
987:
459:, and valued for their resistance to cold, the
876:
874:
1582:
1265:
1039:
651:, a hybrid of trifoliate orange and 'Duncan'
1208:Jr.; Rokhsar, Daniel; Talon, Manuel (2018).
858:
871:
1589:
1575:
1440:
795:
736:Dianxiang Zhang & David J. Mabberley,
713:Dianxiang Zhang & David J. Mabberley,
517:as a treatment for allergic inflammation.
29:
1423:
1413:
1338:
1247:
1237:
1210:"Genomics of the origin and evolution of
1183:
1098:
708:
706:
852:
769:Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland
742:Linnaeus, Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 2: 1101. 1763"
508:
16:Species of plant in the Rutaceae family
3490:
1615:Australian and Papuan wild limes group
703:
3036:
3035:
1570:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1200:
1107:
906:, USDA. 22 October 2010. pp. 1â2
840:, USDA. 22 October 2010. pp. 1â2
809:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
752:
643:, a cross between the trifoliate and
639:". The most notable of these are the
3338:bf94d599-71ca-447f-8be7-5284609698e5
3014:
1523:
758:
588:(China) has been reported and named
1087:Organisms Diversity & Evolution
881:Green Deane Hardy (December 2012).
803:Poncirus trifoliata
655:. Placing the trifoliate orange in
13:
1384:
1015:10.1016/B978-0-12-812163-4.00004-8
312:Japanese bitter-orange (karatachi)
14:
3539:
612:, but recent genomic analysis of
3426:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772087-1
3013:
3002:
3001:
2990:
2989:
1549:
1532:
1504:
1492:
1048:Theoretical and Applied Genetics
962:European Journal of Pharmacology
406:
394:
382:
370:
54:
3528:Fruits originating in East Asia
1355:
1306:
1074:
949:
918:
719:Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 782. 1753"
515:medical traditions of East Asia
889:
823:
789:
729:
681:
624:about 2.82 million years ago.
423:
344:
287:, or be included in the genus
1:
2254:Fingered citron/Buddha's hand
904:Agricultural Research Service
838:Agricultural Research Service
674:
299:and pubescent (downy) fruit.
279:), is a member of the family
2692:Dried lime tea (noomi basra)
1009:. Elsevier. pp. 57â81.
974:10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.07.005
548:into seven genera. However,
7:
1453:Tree Genetics & Genomes
1276:. Elsevier. pp. 9â31.
520:
503:
310:, and is also known as the
10:
3544:
1596:
1117:American Journal of Botany
483:
3044:
2985:
2912:
2899:Johann Christoph Volkamer
2846:
2791:
2730:
2669:
2637:
2608:Orange-flowered oxanthera
2592:
2563:
2511:
2489:
2476:
2417:
2376:
2366:
2343:
2315:
2277:
2229:
2031:Myrtle-leaved orange tree
2021:Midknight Valencia Orange
1709:
1668:
1604:
1465:10.1007/s11295-010-0314-x
604:is unavailable, the name
438:Oklahoma State University
302:It is native to northern
202:
195:
178:
171:
51:Scientific classification
49:
37:
28:
23:
2884:Walter Tennyson Swingle
2864:Lena B. Smithers Hughes
2555:Brown River finger lime
1282:10.1016/C2016-0-02375-6
1100:10.1078/1439-6092-00058
466:Phytophthora parasitica
418:
357:and resembling a small
2859:Robert Willard Hodgson
2550:Australian finger lime
2066:Palestinian sweet lime
2046:New Zealand grapefruit
325:The plant is a fairly
3513:Garden plants of Asia
2957:List of citrus fruits
2530:Australian round lime
2196:Variegated pink lemon
1371:NCBI Taxonomy Browser
1060:10.1007/s001220051419
746:Flora of China online
723:Flora of China online
616:showed low levels of
478:citrus tristeza virus
320:Chinese bitter orange
2613:Large-leaf oxanthera
2525:New Guinea wild lime
596:to be subsumed into
509:Traditional medicine
3387:Poncirus trifoliata
3374:Poncirus_trifoliata
3046:Poncirus trifoliata
2921:The Citrus Industry
2904:Herbert John Webber
2763:Orange flower water
2618:Wavy-leaf oxanthera
1816:Fairchild tangerine
1365:Citrus polytrifolia
1239:10.1038/nature25447
1230:2018Natur.554..311W
1129:10.3732/ajb.0800341
958:Poncirus trifoliata
935:Shizuoka University
931:Poncirus trifoliata
606:Citrus polytrifolia
463:, and the oomycete
450:St Paul's Cathedral
276:Poncirus trifoliata
247:Pseudaegle sepiaria
239:Poncirus trifoliata
38:A fruiting tree in
2962:Mother Orange Tree
2624:Oxanthera brevipes
2584:Clymenia polyandra
2579:Clymenia platypoda
2540:Maiden's wild lime
2535:Russell River lime
2287:Cleopatra mandarin
2146:Smith Red Valencia
1866:Indian wild orange
1331:10.1093/aob/mcs227
1176:10.1093/aob/mcs227
863:Poncirus trifoliat
859:Gerald Klingaman.
590:Poncirus polyandra
215:Bilacus trifoliata
164:C. trifoliata
40:Jardin des Plantes
24:Trifoliate orange
3485:
3484:
3359:Open Tree of Life
3076:Citrus trifoliata
3038:Taxon identifiers
3029:
3028:
2942:Cold-hardy citrus
2927:Citrus production
2661:Trifoliate orange
2633:
2632:
2601:
2572:
2518:
2496:
2472:
2471:
2384:Hong Kong kumquat
2330:Mountain "citron"
2307:Willowleaf orange
2056:Orangelo/Chironja
2001:Melanesian papeda
1821:Florentine citron
1702:
1519:Trifoliate orange
1415:10.1111/tpj.14993
1402:The Plant Journal
1291:978-0-12-812163-4
1249:20.500.11939/5741
1224:(7692): 311â316.
1024:978-0-12-812163-4
740:Citrus trifoliata
389:Leaves and thorns
339:Citrus trifoliata
327:cold-hardy citrus
267:Citrus trifoliata
262:trifoliate orange
258:
257:
251:
243:
235:
227:
219:
211:
182:Citrus trifoliata
3535:
3518:Medicinal plants
3478:
3477:
3465:
3464:
3455:
3454:
3442:
3441:
3429:
3428:
3416:
3415:
3403:
3402:
3390:
3389:
3377:
3376:
3367:
3366:
3354:
3353:
3341:
3340:
3331:
3330:
3318:
3317:
3315:NHMSYS0020823739
3305:
3304:
3292:
3291:
3279:
3278:
3266:
3265:
3253:
3252:
3240:
3239:
3230:
3229:
3217:
3216:
3204:
3203:
3191:
3190:
3178:
3177:
3165:
3164:
3152:
3151:
3139:
3138:
3126:
3125:
3113:
3112:
3100:
3099:
3090:
3089:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3033:
3032:
3017:
3016:
3005:
3004:
2993:
2992:
2932:Citrus rootstock
2889:ChĆzaburĆ Tanaka
2847:Citrus botanists
2697:Grapefruit juice
2599:
2570:
2545:Mount White lime
2516:
2494:
2487:
2486:
2482:wild limes group
2418:Kumquat hybrids
2374:
2373:
2279:Mandarin oranges
2126:Satsuma mandarin
1886:Jamaican tangelo
1696:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1561:from Wikispecies
1554:
1553:
1552:
1545:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1525:
1509:
1508:
1497:
1496:
1488:
1477:
1476:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1427:
1417:
1408:(5): 1215â1232.
1393:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1342:
1319:Annals of Botany
1310:
1304:
1303:
1274:The Citrus Genus
1269:
1263:
1261:
1251:
1241:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1187:
1164:Annals of Botany
1155:
1149:
1148:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1054:(8): 1155â1166.
1043:
1037:
1036:
1007:The Citrus Genus
994:
985:
984:
968:(2â3): 239â248,
953:
947:
946:
944:
942:
922:
916:
915:
913:
911:
901:
893:
887:
886:
878:
869:
868:
856:
850:
849:
847:
845:
835:
827:
821:
820:
818:
816:
793:
787:
786:
784:
783:
777:
771:. Archived from
766:
756:
750:
749:
733:
727:
726:
710:
701:
700:
699:
697:
685:
457:citrus rootstock
410:
398:
386:
374:
249:
241:
233:
225:
217:
209:
184:
59:
58:
33:
21:
20:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3523:Oranges (fruit)
3488:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3473:
3468:
3460:
3458:
3450:
3445:
3437:
3432:
3424:
3419:
3411:
3406:
3398:
3393:
3385:
3380:
3372:
3370:
3362:
3357:
3349:
3346:Observation.org
3344:
3336:
3334:
3326:
3321:
3313:
3308:
3300:
3295:
3287:
3282:
3274:
3269:
3261:
3256:
3248:
3243:
3235:
3233:
3225:
3220:
3212:
3207:
3199:
3194:
3186:
3181:
3173:
3168:
3160:
3155:
3147:
3142:
3134:
3129:
3121:
3116:
3108:
3103:
3095:
3093:
3085:
3083:
3074:
3073:
3068:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3040:
3030:
3025:
2981:
2952:Japanese citrus
2937:Citrus taxonomy
2908:
2894:Ikuro Takahashi
2869:David Mabberley
2842:
2787:
2738:Calcium citrate
2726:
2677:Calamansi juice
2665:
2643:
2641:
2629:
2600:(former genera)
2598:
2588:
2571:(former genera)
2569:
2559:
2517:(former genera)
2515:
2507:
2495:(former genera)
2493:
2481:
2479:
2468:
2425:Citrofortunella
2419:
2413:
2409:Malayan kumquat
2404:Jiangsu kumquat
2377:Kumquat species
2362:
2339:
2311:
2273:
2269:Yemenite citron
2264:Moroccan citron
2249:Diamante citron
2244:Corsican citron
2225:
2191:Valencia orange
2086:Ponderosa lemon
1956:Kobayashi mikan
1826:Forbidden fruit
1776:Cara cara navel
1736:Bergamot orange
1711:
1710:True and hybrid
1705:
1664:
1660:Ryukyu mandarin
1650:Mountain citron
1640:Mandarin orange
1600:
1595:
1565:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1538:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1524:sister projects
1521:at Knowledge's
1515:
1503:
1491:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1445:
1441:
1394:
1385:
1375:
1373:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1311:
1307:
1292:
1270:
1266:
1205:
1201:
1156:
1152:
1112:
1108:
1079:
1075:
1044:
1040:
1025:
995:
988:
954:
950:
940:
938:
923:
919:
909:
907:
899:
895:
894:
890:
879:
872:
857:
853:
843:
841:
833:
829:
828:
824:
814:
812:
794:
790:
781:
779:
775:
764:
757:
753:
734:
730:
711:
704:
695:
693:
687:
686:
682:
677:
550:David Mabberley
523:
511:
506:
486:
426:
421:
414:
411:
402:
399:
390:
387:
378:
375:
347:
297:compound leaves
254:
231:Citrus triptera
223:Citrus trifolia
191:
186:
180:
167:
53:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3541:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3508:Flora of Korea
3505:
3503:Flora of China
3500:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3475:wfo-0000608305
3466:
3456:
3443:
3430:
3417:
3404:
3391:
3378:
3368:
3355:
3342:
3332:
3319:
3306:
3293:
3280:
3267:
3254:
3241:
3231:
3218:
3205:
3192:
3179:
3166:
3153:
3140:
3127:
3114:
3101:
3091:
3081:
3066:
3050:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3011:
2999:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2916:
2914:
2913:Related topics
2910:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2874:Clément Rodier
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2854:Clara H. Hasse
2850:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2797:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2651:
2649:
2639:Related genera
2635:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2604:
2602:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2499:
2497:
2484:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2430:
2428:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2380:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2349:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2325:Celebes papeda
2321:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2235:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2211:XĂŁ ÄoĂ i orange
2208:
2203:
2201:Volkamer lemon
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2076:Pixie mandarin
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1976:Lemonade fruit
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1936:Kinkoji unshiu
1933:
1928:
1923:
1921:Kawachi bankan
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1861:Imperial lemon
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1717:
1715:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1635:Kumquats group
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1611:
1609:
1602:
1601:
1594:
1593:
1586:
1579:
1571:
1564:
1563:
1546:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1501:
1479:
1478:
1439:
1383:
1354:
1305:
1290:
1264:
1262:and Supplement
1199:
1150:
1123:(3): 668â685.
1106:
1073:
1038:
1023:
986:
948:
917:
888:
883:"Hardy Orange"
870:
851:
822:
788:
761:BSBI List 2007
751:
748:, vol. 11
728:
725:, vol. 11
702:
679:
678:
676:
673:
618:heterozygosity
534:Walter Swingle
522:
519:
510:
507:
505:
502:
485:
482:
461:tristeza virus
446:central London
425:
422:
420:
417:
416:
415:
413:Bisected fruit
412:
405:
403:
400:
393:
391:
388:
381:
379:
376:
369:
346:
343:
256:
255:
253:
252:
244:
236:
228:
220:
212:
207:Aegle sepiaria
203:
200:
199:
193:
192:
187:
176:
175:
169:
168:
161:
159:
155:
154:
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
117:
110:
109:
104:
97:
96:
91:
84:
83:
78:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
47:
46:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3540:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3476:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3457:
3453:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3369:
3365:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3333:
3329:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3232:
3228:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3092:
3088:
3082:
3077:
3071:
3067:
3062:
3056:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3034:
3022:
3021:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2640:
2636:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2591:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2514:
2510:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2475:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2416:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:Round kumquat
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2389:Meiwa kumquat
2387:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2335:Ichang papeda
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2239:Balady citron
2237:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2166:Sweet limetta
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2106:Rhobs el Arsa
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2036:Nagpur orange
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1981:LimĂłn de Pica
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1746:Bitter orange
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1708:
1700:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1667:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1645:Mangshanyegan
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1625:Ichang papeda
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1603:
1599:
1592:
1587:
1585:
1580:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1560:
1559:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1520:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1443:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1372:
1368:
1366:
1358:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1309:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1213:
1203:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1154:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1110:
1101:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1077:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1042:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1002:
993:
991:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
960:Rafinesque",
959:
952:
936:
932:
928:
921:
905:
898:
892:
884:
877:
875:
866:
864:
855:
839:
832:
826:
810:
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804:
798:
792:
778:on 2015-06-26
774:
770:
763:
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755:
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741:
732:
724:
720:
718:
709:
707:
692:
691:
684:
680:
672:
670:
666:
665:P. trifoliata
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
645:sweet oranges
642:
638:
634:
630:
625:
623:
622:P. trifoliata
619:
615:
611:
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173:Binomial name
170:
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81:Tracheophytes
79:
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62:
57:
52:
48:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
3045:
3018:
3006:
2994:
2919:
2879:Robert Soost
2831:Phytophthora
2811:CTV/Tristeza
2717:Yuja-hwachae
2712:Orange juice
2660:
2655:
2654:
2645:
2622:
2593:
2564:
2512:
2490:
2449:Mandarinquat
2439:Citrangequat
2394:Oval kumquat
2259:Greek citron
2071:Persian lime
1931:Khasi papeda
1881:Jaffa orange
1796:Coorg orange
1756:Blood orange
1699:sweet orange
1556:
1544:from Commons
1539:
1518:
1456:
1452:
1442:
1405:
1401:
1374:. Retrieved
1370:
1364:
1357:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1273:
1267:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1202:
1167:
1163:
1153:
1120:
1116:
1109:
1090:
1086:
1076:
1051:
1047:
1041:
1006:
1000:
965:
961:
957:
951:
939:. Retrieved
930:
920:
908:. Retrieved
891:
862:
854:
842:. Retrieved
825:
813:. Retrieved
808:
802:
791:
780:. Retrieved
773:the original
760:
754:
745:
739:
731:
722:
716:
694:, retrieved
689:
683:
669:P. polyandra
668:
664:
660:
656:
636:
632:
628:
626:
621:
614:P. polyandra
613:
609:
605:
602:C. polyandra
601:
597:
593:
589:
583:
578:
575:introgressed
573:acquired an
569:
565:
561:
553:
545:
541:
537:
529:
524:
512:
487:
471:
469:(root rot).
464:
454:
427:
401:Green fruits
352:
348:
338:
324:
319:
316:hardy orange
315:
311:
301:
288:
284:
275:
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266:
265:
261:
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246:
238:
230:
222:
214:
206:
181:
179:
163:
162:
150:
113:
100:
87:
74:
18:
3400:kew-2724403
3297:NatureServe
3222:iNaturalist
3070:Wikispecies
2947:Hesperidium
2743:Citric acid
2513:Microcitrus
2503:Desert lime
2491:Eromocitrus
2454:Procimequat
2297:Nanfengmiju
2206:Winged lime
2186:Tsunonozomi
2161:Sweet lemon
2156:Suruga yuko
2141:Shonan Gold
2111:Rough lemon
2011:Meyer lemon
1946:Kishu mikan
1906:Kakadu lime
1831:Ginger lime
1731:Assam lemon
1630:Kaffir lime
1325:(1): 1â19.
1170:(1): 1â19.
637:Citroncirus
424:Cultivation
345:Description
218:(L.) Kuntze
94:Angiosperms
3492:Categories
3395:Plant List
3008:Production
2801:Black spot
2768:Orange oil
2480:and Papuan
2478:Australian
1856:Hyuganatsu
1851:Heen naran
1791:Clementine
1761:Byeonggyul
1751:Blood lime
1679:Grapefruit
1376:2 February
941:23 October
910:23 October
844:23 October
815:31 January
797:USDA, NRCS
782:2014-10-17
675:References
653:grapefruit
647:, and the
442:Stillwater
250:(DC.) Miq.
130:Sapindales
3188:220002968
3175:200012470
2836:citricola
2826:Mal secco
2816:Exocortis
2644:properly
2595:Oxanthera
2434:Calamansi
2302:Tachibana
2176:Tangerine
2136:Shangjuan
2061:Oroblanco
2016:Micrantha
1901:Kaji Nemu
1786:Citrumelo
1741:Bizzarria
1713:cultivars
1459:: 49â61.
1093:: 55â62.
1033:242819146
1003:taxonomy"
649:citrumelo
498:condiment
494:marmalade
474:auraptene
331:USDA zone
293:deciduous
158:Species:
64:Kingdom:
3452:28101297
3447:Tropicos
3371:PalDat:
3302:2.160938
3263:10424608
3250:772087-1
3055:Wikidata
2996:Category
2967:Orangery
2821:Greening
2793:Diseases
2773:Orangeat
2753:Limonene
2748:Lemonene
2731:Products
2722:Yuja tea
2702:Lemonade
2656:Poncirus
2642:(perhaps
2566:Clymenia
2464:Yuzuquat
2444:Limequat
2368:Kumquats
2358:Dangyuja
2353:Banpeiyu
2292:ShÄ«kwÄsÄ
2121:Sanbokan
2041:Nasnaran
2006:Melogold
1926:Key lime
1781:Citrange
1771:Cam sĂ nh
1726:Amanatsu
1473:32371305
1434:32985030
1349:23104641
1300:87258420
1258:29414943
1194:23104641
1145:29306927
1137:21628223
1068:24057066
982:17662711
799:(n.d.).
696:26 March
667:and not
641:citrange
633:Poncirus
600:, where
594:Poncirus
570:Poncirus
562:Poncirus
558:plastids
538:Poncirus
521:Taxonomy
504:Medicine
490:poncirin
430:cultivar
285:Poncirus
281:Rutaceae
242:(L.) Raf
197:Synonyms
140:Rutaceae
136:Family:
107:Eudicots
3284:MoBotPF
3201:3190129
3061:Q859433
3020:Commons
2778:Succade
2707:Limeade
2687:Curaçao
2459:Sunquat
2345:Pomelos
2317:Papedas
2231:Citrons
2171:Tangelo
2151:Sudachi
2116:Samuyao
2096:Rangpur
2051:Ćgonkan
2026:Murcott
1996:Mandora
1991:Mandelo
1966:Komikan
1841:Hassaku
1806:Dekopon
1766:Biasong
1671:hybrids
1607:species
1485:Portals
1425:7756384
1340:3523644
1226:Bibcode
1185:3523644
592:. Were
560:nested
484:As food
480:(CTV).
146:Genus:
126:Order:
68:Plantae
3498:Citrus
3462:612240
3459:uBio:
3439:212976
3408:PLANTS
3364:306774
3351:148385
3335:NZOR:
3289:286751
3227:200071
3149:581896
3123:437752
3110:203901
3084:AoFP:
2806:Canker
2758:Neroli
2682:Chƫhai
2670:Drinks
2646:Citrus
2181:Tangor
2131:Setoka
2101:Reikou
2091:Ponkan
2081:Pompia
1971:Laraha
1951:Kiyomi
1941:Kinnow
1916:Kanpei
1896:Kabosu
1891:Kabbad
1876:Jabara
1871:Iyokan
1846:Hebesu
1836:Haruka
1811:Encore
1801:Daidai
1721:Alemow
1694:Orange
1669:Major
1655:Pomelo
1620:Citron
1598:Citrus
1499:Plants
1471:
1432:
1422:
1347:
1337:
1298:
1288:
1256:
1218:Nature
1212:Citrus
1192:
1182:
1143:
1135:
1066:
1031:
1021:
1001:Citrus
980:
717:Citrus
661:Citrus
657:Citrus
629:Citrus
610:Citrus
598:Citrus
586:Yunnan
579:Citrus
566:et al.
554:Citrus
546:Citrus
542:Citrus
532:until
530:Citrus
377:Flower
359:orange
289:Citrus
226:Thunb.
151:Citrus
120:Rosids
3413:POTR4
3328:37690
3276:28989
3258:IRMNG
3237:20019
3234:IPA:
3214:29344
3162:PMITR
3094:APA:
2370:group
1986:Lumia
1911:Kalpi
1684:Lemon
1605:True
1541:Media
1469:S2CID
1296:S2CID
1141:S2CID
1064:S2CID
1029:S2CID
900:(PDF)
834:(PDF)
776:(xls)
765:(xls)
527:genus
434:hedge
363:peach
335:shrub
308:Korea
304:China
234:Desf.
114:Clade
101:Clade
88:Clade
75:Clade
44:Paris
3421:POWO
3382:PfaF
3323:NCBI
3271:ITIS
3245:IPNI
3209:GRIN
3196:GBIF
3157:EPPO
3136:VMMG
3118:BOLD
3105:APNI
3097:3306
3087:1560
2783:Zest
2221:Yuzu
2216:YĆ«kĆ
1961:Koji
1689:Lime
1558:Taxa
1511:Food
1430:PMID
1378:2021
1345:PMID
1286:ISBN
1254:PMID
1190:PMID
1133:PMID
1019:ISBN
978:PMID
943:2017
912:2017
846:2017
817:2016
698:2016
428:The
419:Uses
355:lime
306:and
272:syn.
260:The
3470:WFO
3434:RHS
3310:NBN
3183:FoC
3170:FNA
3144:EoL
3131:CoL
1461:doi
1420:PMC
1410:doi
1406:104
1335:PMC
1327:doi
1323:111
1278:doi
1244:hdl
1234:doi
1222:554
1180:PMC
1172:doi
1168:111
1125:doi
1095:doi
1056:doi
1052:100
1011:doi
970:doi
966:572
440:in
318:or
210:DC.
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