186:
142:
39:
119:
108:
177:
168:
131:
485:. About a year later, Öz Beg's cousin, Chol-khan, arrived in Tver with a large retinue and removed Alexander from the prince's palace in an apparent reversal of the grant. Instead, Chol-khan took residence in Alexander's former home and began a campaign of persecution against the Christians of Tver in which numerous atrocities were committed, including rape, robbery and beatings. A rumor arose among the people of a Mongol plan to kill all the
540:, where he was made the prince, to escape capture by Ivan. Novgorod managed to avoid the wrath of the army for involving themselves with the prince by paying the Mongol horde two thousand silver hryvnias and providing them with many gifts. Meanwhile, Ivan and his allies demanded the extradition of Alexander from Pskov, and
462:, or decree, that allowed the Rus' princes to rule over their lands, only if they swore allegiance to the Mongol Empire. When confidence fell for the rule of the princes of Vladimir, various factions in the principality began to jostle for power, and the region divided itself into several states, including
514:
slaughtered, including the "Bessermen," Tartar merchants. Some chronicles and modern historians believe that
Alexander instigated the uprising, but this is unlikely considering the consequences that such a violent rebellion would have. However, he did not take any measures to suppress the insurrection.
597:
Following the execution of
Alexander Vasilievich in 1331, Ivan received the duchy of Vladimir and became the sole ruler of northeastern Russia. Favor from the khan of the Golden Horde allowed Moscow to gain power rapidly at the expense of Tver, with Tver eventually losing all influence to Moscow.
513:
named Dudko; the people gathered to protect Dudko, and subsequently spread out and began to assault Mongol forces throughout the city. Chol-khan attempted to entrench himself against the mob inside the palace, but when the building was lit on fire, he perished. Tartars throughout Tver were
586:. In 1325, he gained forgiveness from Öz Beg and was allowed to return to his former position in Tver, however by then, the state had lost most of its influence, being replaced by the Grand Duchy of Muscovy. This return did not last long, as both Alexander and his son Fyodor were taken to
199:
521:, a long time rival of the princes of Tver, hastened to take advantage of the uprising in order to assert his supremacy. Ivan allied with the Golden Horde and volunteered to help restore the power of the Mongols over Tver. In return, Öz Beg promised to make Ivan the
579:. By granting the more prestigious Vladimir to the weaker of the two princes, Öz Beg maintained adherence to the principle of "divide and rule," reasoning that Moscow's jealousy of Suzdal's lands would prevent them from allying to fight against the Golden Horde.
203:
270:
373:
342:
247:
30:
547:
excommunicated the prince and all the people of Pskov from the church. In order to alleviate the threat of invasion from his host city, Alexander fled once again to
438:. At the time, Muscovy and Vladimir were involved in a rivalry for dominance, and Vladimir's total defeat effectively ended the quarter-century struggle for power.
379:
288:
470:, and others. All these states acknowledged the rule of the prince of Vladimir, but the power had become notional at best by the dawn of the fourteenth century.
282:
276:
602:. The relative power of Moscow and their strong alliance with the Horde led to a period of relative peace in Russia that was not interrupted until the reign of
300:
348:
336:
312:
306:
385:
749:
360:
240:
582:
Alexander moved to Sweden after his time in
Lithuania, and then back to Pskov after the city's excommunication was lifted, under the patronage of
525:
and reinforced his army with 50,000 Mongol warriors under the command of five Mongol generals. The prince of Suzdal also joined the Russo-Mongol
497:, although the verity of the rumor is disputed. The people of Tver turned to Alexander to address the issue, but he urged them to "endure."
458:, the most powerful Rus' principality at the time. The extent of Mongol power was so great that the Golden Horde had the power to issue a
233:
599:
46:
714:
541:
532:
In retaliation, the Russo-Mongol army took dozens of captives and burned entire villages to the ground. Alexander fled to
729:
583:
505:
Despite
Alexander's advice, a rebellion broke out on August 15, 1327 after Chol-khan's men attempted to confiscate a
451:
709:
576:
739:
490:
474:
454:
and proceeded to establish a hegemony over the Rus' states. Among the most important of these was the duchy of
160:
86:
754:
734:
391:
591:
330:
719:
571:. Alexander Vasilyevich, the prince of Suzdal, received Vladimir and a region encompassing present day
38:
724:
294:
627:
606:, the first prince of Moscow to openly challenge the Horde. He would later defeat them at the
529:
that came to be known as the "Army of
Fedorchuk," named after the Tatar commander Fedorchuk.
431:
146:
522:
112:
70:
559:
The uprising greatly reduced the Tver
Principality's power in the northeastern remains of
8:
544:
526:
194:
607:
482:
419:
190:
572:
467:
455:
427:
397:
123:
603:
560:
435:
354:
324:
478:
220:
At least 50,000 Mongol soldiers in addition to the armies of Moscow and Suzdal
744:
703:
447:
587:
423:
257:
135:
493:, make Chol-khan the new ruler of Tver and force the people to convert to
518:
225:
430:. It was brutally suppressed by the joint efforts of the Golden Horde,
548:
675:Карамзин Н. М. История государства Российского. Том IV, глава VIII.
568:
564:
533:
510:
489:
of the principality of
Vladimir on the day of the feast of the
459:
422:: Тверское восстание) was the first major uprising against the
537:
494:
486:
506:
463:
648:
The Tveŕ Uprising of 1327: A Study of the
Sources, p. 167
639:
The Tveŕ Uprising of 1327: A Study of the
Sources, p. 163
598:
However, a new rivalry was formed between the princes of
666:
The Tveŕ Uprising of 1327: A Study of the
Sources, p.167
657:
The Tveŕ Uprising of 1327: A Study of the Sources, p.163
477:, the prince of Tver, received a jarlig from the Mongol
563:. In 1328, Öz Beg granted Ivan Kalita the duchies of
31:
Conflicts in Eastern Europe during Turco-Mongol rule
701:
551:in 1329, where he would remain for over a year.
16:Slavic popular uprising against the Golden Horde
684:The Poetics of Early Russian Literature, p. 121
630:' was mostly titular by the early 14th century.
693:"Battle of Kulikovo", Encyclopædia Britannica
241:
89:stripped of land holdings and later executed
255:
248:
234:
47:Illustrated Chronicle of Ivan the Terrible
45:Miniature depicting the uprising from the
750:Wars involving the Principality of Moscow
702:
229:
536:, who turned him away, and then to
13:
584:Gediminas, Grand Duke of Lithuania
37:
14:
766:
481:, authorizing the prince to rule
184:
175:
166:
140:
129:
117:
106:
715:Wars involving the Golden Horde
446:In the early 13th century, the
687:
678:
669:
660:
651:
642:
633:
620:
491:Dormition of the Mother of God
1:
628:Grand Duke/Prince of Vladimir
613:
441:
554:
7:
10:
771:
185:
176:
167:
141:
130:
118:
107:
730:1327 in the Mongol Empire
500:
266:
211:
154:
99:
53:
36:
28:
23:
710:14th-century rebellions
368:Muscovite–Horde battles
124:Grand Duchy of Vladimir
740:History of Tver Oblast
600:Suzdal-Nizhny Novgorod
517:The prince of Moscow,
155:Commanders and leaders
42:
416:Tver Uprising of 1327
82:Golden Horde victory
41:
24:Tver Uprising of 1327
755:Principality of Tver
735:Rebellions in Russia
113:Principality of Tver
71:Principality of Tver
545:Theognostus of Kiev
527:punitive expedition
473:In autumn of 1326,
289:Burundai's campaign
195:Alexander of Suzdal
608:Battle of Kulikovo
277:Kuremsa's campaign
43:
720:Conflicts in 1327
426:by the people of
409:
408:
327: (1359–81/2)
301:Dyuden's campaign
291: (1258–1260)
271:Nevruy's campaign
224:
223:
161:Aleksandr of Tver
95:
94:
87:Aleksandr of Tver
762:
694:
691:
685:
682:
676:
673:
667:
664:
658:
655:
649:
646:
640:
637:
631:
624:
374:The Bityug River
343:Edigu's campaign
261:
250:
243:
236:
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134:
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55:
54:
21:
20:
770:
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674:
670:
665:
661:
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643:
638:
634:
625:
621:
616:
573:Nizhny Novgorod
557:
503:
444:
412:
411:
410:
405:
279: (1252–55)
262:
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254:
197:
193:
183:
182:
174:
173:
165:
150:Duchy of Suzdal
149:
147:Duchy of Moscow
139:
138:
128:
116:
115:
105:
73:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
768:
758:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
725:1327 in Europe
722:
717:
712:
696:
695:
686:
677:
668:
659:
650:
641:
632:
618:
617:
615:
612:
604:Dmitry Donskoy
556:
553:
502:
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401:
389:
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346:
340:
334:
328:
325:Great Troubles
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286:
280:
274:
267:
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245:
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217:People of Tver
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209:
208:
163:
157:
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126:
102:
101:
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69:
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63:
62:
59:
51:
50:
34:
33:
26:
25:
19:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
767:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
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708:
707:
705:
690:
681:
672:
663:
654:
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636:
629:
623:
619:
611:
609:
605:
601:
595:
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589:
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578:
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570:
566:
562:
552:
550:
546:
543:
539:
535:
530:
528:
524:
520:
515:
512:
509:from a local
508:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
448:Mongol Empire
439:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
399:
396:
395:
394: (1480)
393:
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387:
384:
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378:
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372:
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367:
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353:
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331:Vorskla River
329:
326:
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308:
305:
302:
299:
296:
293:
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259:
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246:
244:
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237:
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228:
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210:
205:
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196:
192:
191:Ivan I Kalita
164:
162:
159:
158:
153:
148:
137:
127:
125:
114:
104:
103:
98:
88:
85:
84:
83:
80:
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72:
68:
65:
64:
60:
57:
56:
52:
48:
40:
35:
32:
27:
22:
689:
680:
671:
662:
653:
644:
635:
622:
596:
581:
558:
542:Metropolitan
531:
516:
504:
472:
450:invaded the
445:
424:Golden Horde
415:
413:
400: (1480)
388: (1472)
382: (1451)
376: (1450)
363: (1424)
357: (1420)
351: (1416)
345: (1408)
339: (1399)
333: (1399)
321: (1327)
318:
315: (1317)
309: (1299)
303: (1293)
285: (1257)
273: (1252)
258:Golden Horde
136:Golden Horde
100:Belligerents
81:
29:Part of the
626:The title '
561:Kievan Rus'
519:Ivan Kalita
479:Öz Beg Khan
452:Kieven Rus'
283:Tugova Hill
198: [
704:Categories
614:References
523:Grand Duke
442:Background
610:in 1380.
594:in 1329.
592:quartered
555:Aftermath
549:Lithuania
475:Alexander
313:Bortenevo
260:conflicts
172:Fedorchuk
577:Gorodets
569:Kostroma
565:Novgorod
534:Novgorod
483:Vladimir
456:Vladimir
428:Vladimir
212:Strength
66:Location
487:princes
432:Muscovy
420:Russian
386:Aleksin
181:Turalyk
511:deacon
501:Events
468:Moscow
460:jarlig
436:Suzdal
380:Moscow
361:Odoyev
297:(1289)
295:Rostov
78:Result
588:Sarai
538:Pskov
495:Islam
398:Sarai
355:Sarai
206:]
745:Tver
590:and
575:and
567:and
507:mare
464:Tver
434:and
414:The
392:Ugra
349:Kiev
337:Kiev
319:Tver
307:Kiev
61:1327
58:Date
706::
466:,
204:ru
202:;
200:uk
418:(
249:e
242:t
235:v
49:.
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