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USS Canonicus (1863)

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from 8 inches (203 mm) to 10 inches, and to replace the bolts that secured their armor plates together with rivets, to prevent them from being knocked loose by the shock of impact from shells striking the turret. Other changes included deepening the hull by 18 inches (457 mm) to increase the ship's buoyancy, moving the position of the turret to balance the ship's trim, and replacing all of the ship's deck armor. As far as is known the ship was not modified after her completion.
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on 16 April 1864, with Commander E. G. Parrott, in command. The ship's construction was delayed by multiple changes ordered while she was being built that reflected battle experience with earlier monitors. This included the rebuilding of the turrets and pilot houses to increase their armor thickness
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fired forty 15-inch shells and was hit twice by Confederate shells. One shell pierced the upper part of the funnel and the other struck the deck and ricocheted into the turret; no one was wounded or killed during the engagement. The ship dueled with Howlett's Battery on 5 and 6 December, firing 46
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fired 279 shells at the fort, most on the first day, again claiming to have dismounted two guns. She was hit at least 38 times in return but was only lightly damaged, and three crewmen were wounded. The ship's flag was twice shot away and replaced each time by
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Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion; Series I - Volume 12: North Atlantic Blockading Squadron (February 2, 1865 – August 3, 1865); South Atlantic Blockading Squadron (October 29, 1861 – May 13,
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Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion; Series I - Volume 16: South Atlantic Blockading Squadron (October 1, 1864 - September 30, 1865); Gulf Blockading Squadron (June 7, 1861 - December 15,
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was protected by armor 1.5 inches (38 mm) thick. A 5-by-15-inch (130 by 380 mm) soft iron band was fitted around the base of the turret to prevent shells and fragments from jamming the turret as had happened during the
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and arrived there after the ship had been turned over to the Spanish authorities by her captain. The two monitors were the first American ironclads to arrive at a foreign port. They returned to the United States, on 6 June.
599:. Each gun weighed approximately 43,000 pounds (20,000 kg). They could fire a 350-pound (158.8 kg) shell up to a range of 2,100 yards (1,900 m) at an elevation of +7Β°. 1342:
Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion; Series I - Volume 11: North Atlantic Blockading Squadron (October 28, 1864 – February 1, 1865)
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that the Confederates were building at Howlett's Farm, and his ship opened fire at the workers. The Confederates replied with a battery of four guns near the breastworks and
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Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion; Series I - Volume 10: North Atlantic Blockading Squadron (May 6, 1864 – October 27, 1864)
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Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion; Series I - Volume 3: The Operation of the Cruisers (April 1, 1864 - December 30, 1896)
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claiming to have dismounted two Confederate guns. The ship was hit four times, but suffered no casualties and no significant damage. On 13–15 January 1865, during the
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Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion; Series I - Volume 9: North Atlantic Blockading Squadron (May 5, 1863 – May 5, 1864)
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The exposed sides of the hull were protected by five layers of 1-inch (25 mm) wrought iron plates, backed by wood. The armor of the gun turret and the
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on 15 June 1869, but resumed her former name on 10 August 1869. She was recommissioned on 22 January 1872, and cruised the coastal waters of the
1363: 1351: 1340: 1329: 1318: 1307: 1183: 1101: 1542: 1375: 629:-inch (13 mm) armor 3 feet (0.9 m) high was installed on the top of the turret to protect the crew against Confederate 1093: 849:, was ordered to join the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron and arrived at Charleston, on 19 January. The following month, 866: 1191: 758:
joined in, but their fire was ineffective because they were firing blindly at the Union monitors. During the engagement
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was protected to a height of 6 feet (1.8 m) by 8 inches (200 mm) of armor. A "rifle screen" of
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2,100 long tons (2,100 t). Her crew consisted of 100 officers and enlisted men.
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anchored at ranges from 900–1,200 yd (820–1,100 m) and fired 144 rounds,
710: 592: 565: 561: 344: 287: 1488: 1482: 524: 462: 901:, on 25 June 1869, and was decommissioned five days later. The ship was renamed 910: 830: 810: 588: 520: 734:, supplying the army as it operated on the south bank of the river during the 1555: 1419: 922: 844: 823: 724: 616: 550: 497: 308: 42: 20: 1441: 1383:. Department of Defense: Legacy Resource Management Program. Archived from 841: 764: 763:
shells without being hit in return. The only damage sustained was from the
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joined in the bombardment. A half-hour later, Confederate ships near
666: 557: 408: 302: 98: 415:. The ship spent most of her first year in service stationed up the 477: 226: 46: 786: 32: 1270:
Civil War Ironclads: The U. S. Navy and Industrial Mobilization
880: 678: 630: 466: 116: 103: 1369:. Vol. 16. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office. 1357:. Vol. 12. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office. 1345:. Vol. 11. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office. 1334:. Vol. 10. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office. 869:, on the night of 18 February. The ship, towed by the steamer 713:, by 5 May. By 22 May, the ship was deployed with her sisters 527:
of 43 feet 4 inches (13.2 m) and had a maximum
1323:. Vol. 9. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office. 1312:. Vol. 3. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office. 1249:
Olmstead, Edwin; Stark, Wayne E.; Tucker, Spencer C. (1997).
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out about one inch (25 mm) and broke a number of bolts.
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class was an enlarged and improved version of the preceding
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on the James River, where they protected the transports of
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The Big Guns: Civil War Siege, Seacoast, and Naval Cannon
1253:. Alexandria Bay, New York: Museum Restoration Service. 480:
to visit a foreign port. The ship was intermittently in
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consisted of ten layers of one-inch plates. The ship's
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Indians, was awarded to Harrison Loring; the ship was
447:, North Carolina, from December 1864 to January 1865. 1291:. The U.S. Navy Warship Series. New York: Routledge. 701:
sailed from Boston, on 22 April 1864, and arrived at
572:(240 kW) engine gave the ship a top speed of 8 1248: 1226:Chesneau, Roger; Kolesnik, Eugene M., eds. (1979). 865:captured a blockade runner that had run aground on 1227: 925:, Virginia, in mid-1907, as an exhibit during the 1230:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905 1582:American Civil War monitors of the United States 1553: 1362:United States, Naval War Records Office (1903). 1350:United States, Naval War Records Office (1901). 1339:United States, Naval War Records Office (1900). 1328:United States, Naval War Records Office (1900). 1317:United States, Naval War Records Office (1899). 1306:United States, Naval War Records Office (1901). 1225: 929:as the last survivor of the Civil War monitors. 469:, Cuba, to search for the Confederate ironclad 767:of the right gun that forced the armor at the 1361: 1349: 1338: 1327: 1316: 1305: 1102:United States Army Center of Military History 1094:"Medal of Honor Recipients – Civil War (M-Z)" 1446: 1272:. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins Press. 1209:The Old Steam Navy: The Ironclads, 1842–1885 921:, Florida. The elderly monitor was towed to 531:of 13 feet 6 inches (4.1 m). 1286: 1188:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships 705:, Virginia, on 3 May, for service with the 1543:List of monitors of the United States Navy 665:, the first Navy ship to be named for the 435:during the year and later participated in 549:was powered by a two-cylinder horizontal 1234:. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. 933:was sold for scrap on 19 February 1908. 19:For other ships with the same name, see 1377:USS Tecumseh Shipwreck: Management Plan 1267: 1023: 1021: 1019: 1017: 1015: 917:was finally decommissioned in 1877, at 1554: 1401: 1206: 1445: 1402:Wright, Christopher C. (June 2021). " 975: 973: 782:, North Carolina, accompanied by the 59: 1373: 1192:Naval History & Heritage Command 1012: 987: 985: 963: 961: 959: 957: 947: 945: 484:from 1872 until she was permanently 738:. On 21 June, Commander Craven, of 681:, Massachusetts, shipyard. She was 593:15-inch (381 mm) Dahlgren guns 519:. They were 224 feet (68.3 m) 423:and defend against a sortie by the 261:43 ft 4 in (13.21 m) 13: 970: 883:, Cuba, in late May, in search of 776:North Atlantic Blockading Squadron 693: 455:South Atlantic Blockading Squadron 269:13 ft 6 in (4.11 m) 14: 1593: 1427: 982: 954: 942: 613:First Battle of Charleston Harbor 583:s main armament consisted of two 496:of 1907, before she was sold for 1083:ORN, Vol. 11, pp. 277–78, 464–65 913:whenever she was in commission. 829:. Stevens was later awarded the 61: 31: 1147: 1138: 1129: 1120: 1086: 1077: 1068: 1059: 1050: 979:Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 122 709:. She reached the mouth of the 656: 615:in April 1863. The base of the 1041: 1038:Roberts, pp. 75–76, 80, 118–19 1032: 1003: 994: 443:, defending the approaches to 345:15-inch (381 mm) Dahlgren 1: 1287:Silverstone, Paul H. (2006). 1176: 1135:ORN, Vol. 16, pp. 183, 253–54 560:using steam generated by two 335:100 officers and enlisted men 1374:West, W. Wilson Jr. (1996). 1268:Roberts, William H. (2002). 1056:ORN, Vol. 10, pp. 36, 182–83 554:vibrating-lever steam engine 476:and became one of the first 327:(15 km/h; 9.2 mph) 312:Vibrating-lever steam engine 16:1863 Canonicus-class monitor 7: 1439:at NavSource Naval History 1155:"Report From Admiral Godon" 1144:ORN, Vol. 3, p. 525, 535–36 879:and other ships steamed to 421:operations against Richmond 10: 1598: 1289:Civil War Navies 1855–1883 1207:Canney, Donald L. (1993). 431:. She engaged Confederate 419:, where she could support 381:: 10 in (250 mm) 375:: 1.5 in (38 mm) 363:: 10 in (250 mm) 18: 1540: 1457: 1194:(NH&HC). 29 June 2015 798:, North Carolina. In the 778:, the monitor arrived at 633:based on a suggestion by 503: 369:: 5 in (130 mm) 200: 54: 30: 1562:Canonicus-class monitors 1098:Medal of Honor Citations 936: 736:Bermuda Hundred Campaign 1577:Ships of the Union Navy 1184:"Canonicus I (Monitor)" 535:had a tonnage of 1,034 453:was transferred to the 253:224 ft (68 m) 201:General characteristics 1065:ORN, v. 11, pp. 147–48 1000:Olmstead, et al, p. 94 899:Philadelphia Navy Yard 685:on 1 August 1863, and 196:Sold, 19 February 1908 1567:Ships built in Boston 1408:Warship International 1406:at Jamestown, 1907". 840:, towed by the steam 492:was exhibited at the 1126:ORN, Vol. 11, p. 607 1074:ORN, Vol. 11, p. 186 927:Jamestown Exposition 836:On 17 January 1865, 808:Lieutenant Commander 742:, spotted a line of 707:James River Flotilla 595:mounted in a single 570:indicated-horsepower 500:the following year. 494:Jamestown Exposition 429:James River Squadron 395:was a single-turret 1108:on 23 February 2009 1047:ORN, Vol. 9, p. 739 802:on 24–25 December, 433:artillery batteries 774:Reassigned to the 677:in 1862, at their 638:Tunis A. M. Craven 465:. She was sent to 405:American Civil War 401:United States Navy 1549: 1548: 967:Silverstone, p. 7 867:Sullivan's Island 853:and the monitors 833:for his actions. 827:Daniel D. Stevens 732:Army of the James 661:The contract for 566:fire-tube boilers 427:ironclads of the 387: 386: 288:fire-tube boilers 115:Harrison Loring, 1589: 1443: 1442: 1423: 1398: 1396: 1395: 1389: 1382: 1370: 1358: 1346: 1335: 1324: 1313: 1302: 1283: 1264: 1245: 1233: 1222: 1203: 1201: 1199: 1171: 1170: 1168: 1166: 1151: 1145: 1142: 1136: 1133: 1127: 1124: 1118: 1117: 1115: 1113: 1104:. Archived from 1090: 1084: 1081: 1075: 1072: 1066: 1063: 1057: 1054: 1048: 1045: 1039: 1036: 1030: 1025: 1010: 1007: 1001: 998: 992: 989: 980: 977: 968: 965: 952: 949: 875:, together with 800:first engagement 711:Appomattox River 628: 627: 623: 582: 170:, 10 August 1869 69: 66: 65: 64: 35: 28: 27: 1597: 1596: 1592: 1591: 1590: 1588: 1587: 1586: 1552: 1551: 1550: 1545: 1536: 1453: 1451:-class monitors 1430: 1393: 1391: 1387: 1380: 1299: 1280: 1261: 1242: 1219: 1197: 1195: 1182: 1179: 1174: 1164: 1162: 1153: 1152: 1148: 1143: 1139: 1134: 1130: 1125: 1121: 1111: 1109: 1092: 1091: 1087: 1082: 1078: 1073: 1069: 1064: 1060: 1055: 1051: 1046: 1042: 1037: 1033: 1026: 1013: 1009:West, pp. 15–16 1008: 1004: 999: 995: 990: 983: 978: 971: 966: 955: 950: 943: 939: 897:arrived at the 728:Benjamin Butler 696: 694:Service history 659: 625: 621: 620: 580: 556:that drove one 506: 463:blockade runner 274:Installed power 180:22 January 1872 119:, Massachusetts 67: 62: 60: 50: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1595: 1585: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1547: 1546: 1541: 1538: 1537: 1535: 1534: 1521: 1514: 1507: 1500: 1493: 1480: 1473: 1466: 1458: 1455: 1454: 1429: 1428:External links 1426: 1425: 1424: 1414:(2): 126–162. 1399: 1371: 1359: 1347: 1336: 1325: 1314: 1303: 1297: 1284: 1278: 1265: 1259: 1246: 1240: 1223: 1217: 1204: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1172: 1161:. 14 June 1865 1159:New York Times 1146: 1137: 1128: 1119: 1085: 1076: 1067: 1058: 1049: 1040: 1031: 1011: 1002: 993: 981: 969: 953: 940: 938: 935: 911:Gulf of Mexico 831:Medal of Honor 811:George Belknap 695: 692: 658: 655: 589:muzzle-loading 505: 502: 486:decommissioned 399:built for the 385: 384: 383: 382: 376: 370: 367:Waterline belt 364: 356: 352: 351: 341: 337: 336: 333: 329: 328: 321: 317: 316: 315: 314: 305: 297: 293: 292: 291: 290: 284: 275: 271: 270: 267: 263: 262: 259: 255: 254: 251: 247: 246: 239: 235: 234: 223: 219: 218: 207: 206:Class and type 203: 202: 198: 197: 194: 190: 189: 186: 185:Decommissioned 182: 181: 178: 177:Recommissioned 174: 173: 172: 171: 165: 164:, 15 June 1869 157: 153: 152: 149: 148:Decommissioned 145: 144: 141: 137: 136: 133: 129: 128: 125: 121: 120: 113: 109: 108: 107: 106: 101: 94: 90: 89: 88: 87: 82: 75: 71: 70: 57: 56: 52: 51: 49:, 12 June 1907 36: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1594: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1559: 1557: 1544: 1539: 1533: 1532: 1527: 1526: 1522: 1520: 1519: 1515: 1513: 1512: 1508: 1506: 1505: 1501: 1499: 1498: 1494: 1492: 1491: 1486: 1485: 1481: 1479: 1478: 1474: 1472: 1471: 1467: 1465: 1464: 1460: 1459: 1456: 1452: 1450: 1444: 1440: 1438: 1434: 1433:Photo gallery 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1400: 1390:on 2016-03-04 1386: 1379: 1378: 1372: 1368: 1367: 1360: 1356: 1355: 1348: 1344: 1343: 1337: 1333: 1332: 1326: 1322: 1321: 1315: 1311: 1310: 1304: 1300: 1298:0-415-97870-X 1294: 1290: 1285: 1281: 1279:0-8018-6830-0 1275: 1271: 1266: 1262: 1260:0-88855-012-X 1256: 1252: 1247: 1243: 1241:0-8317-0302-4 1237: 1232: 1231: 1224: 1220: 1218:0-87021-586-8 1214: 1210: 1205: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1160: 1156: 1150: 1141: 1132: 1123: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1089: 1080: 1071: 1062: 1053: 1044: 1035: 1029: 1024: 1022: 1020: 1018: 1016: 1006: 997: 991:Canney, p. 85 988: 986: 976: 974: 964: 962: 960: 958: 951:Canney, p. 86 948: 946: 941: 934: 932: 928: 924: 923:Hampton Roads 920: 916: 912: 908: 904: 900: 896: 892: 889: 888: 882: 878: 874: 873: 868: 864: 863: 858: 857: 852: 848: 847: 843: 839: 834: 832: 828: 825: 824:Quartermaster 820: 816: 815:second attack 812: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 792: 788: 785: 781: 777: 772: 770: 766: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 726: 725:Major General 722: 718: 717: 712: 708: 704: 700: 691: 688: 684: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 654: 652: 651: 647: 643: 639: 636: 632: 618: 614: 609: 605: 600: 598: 594: 590: 586: 579: 575: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 552: 548: 544: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 516: 511: 501: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 475: 474: 468: 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 393: 380: 377: 374: 371: 368: 365: 362: 359: 358: 357: 354: 353: 349: 346: 342: 339: 338: 334: 331: 330: 326: 322: 319: 318: 313: 310: 306: 304: 300: 299: 298: 295: 294: 289: 285: 283:(240 kW) 282: 278: 277: 276: 273: 272: 268: 265: 264: 260: 257: 256: 252: 249: 248: 244: 240: 237: 236: 232: 228: 224: 221: 220: 217: 214: 212: 208: 205: 204: 199: 195: 192: 191: 187: 184: 183: 179: 176: 175: 169: 166: 163: 160: 159: 158: 155: 154: 150: 147: 146: 143:16 April 1864 142: 139: 138: 135:1 August 1863 134: 131: 130: 126: 123: 122: 118: 114: 111: 110: 105: 102: 100: 97: 96: 95: 92: 91: 86: 83: 81: 78: 77: 76: 73: 72: 68:United States 58: 53: 48: 44: 43:Hampton Roads 40: 34: 29: 26: 22: 21:USS Canonicus 1530: 1524: 1517: 1510: 1503: 1496: 1489: 1483: 1476: 1469: 1462: 1461: 1448: 1436: 1431: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1392:. Retrieved 1385:the original 1376: 1364: 1352: 1341: 1330: 1319: 1308: 1288: 1269: 1250: 1229: 1208: 1196:. Retrieved 1187: 1163:. Retrieved 1158: 1149: 1140: 1131: 1122: 1110:. Retrieved 1106:the original 1097: 1088: 1079: 1070: 1061: 1052: 1043: 1034: 1027: 1005: 996: 930: 914: 902: 894: 893: 886: 876: 871: 861: 855: 850: 845: 842:sloop-of-war 837: 835: 818: 803: 791:Rhode Island 790: 773: 765:muzzle blast 759: 751: 747: 739: 720: 715: 703:Newport News 698: 697: 687:commissioned 671:Narragansett 662: 660: 657:Construction 649: 601: 577: 546: 545: 537:tons burthen 532: 521:long overall 514: 509: 507: 489: 472: 450: 449: 437:both attacks 391: 389: 388: 286:2 Γ— Stimers 241:1,034 tons ( 238:Tons burthen 229:(2,100  222:Displacement 210: 167: 161: 151:30 June 1869 140:Commissioned 84: 79: 38: 25: 796:Fort Fisher 744:breastworks 646:sister ship 604:pilot house 564:horizontal 441:Fort Fisher 425:Confederate 417:James River 403:during the 379:Pilot house 1572:1863 ships 1556:Categories 1525:Tippecanoe 1394:2013-02-28 1198:8 November 1177:References 597:gun turret 585:smoothbore 568:. The 320- 482:commission 459:Charleston 445:Wilmington 361:Gun turret 348:smoothbore 332:Complement 296:Propulsion 1531:Wyandotte 1497:Manhattan 1463:Canonicus 1449:Canonicus 1437:Canonicus 1420:0043-0374 1404:Canonicus 1028:Canonicus 931:Canonicus 919:Pensacola 915:Canonicus 895:Canonicus 887:Stonewall 885:CSS  877:Monadnock 856:Monadnock 851:Canonicus 846:Tuscarora 838:Canonicus 819:Canonicus 804:Canonicus 784:sidewheel 760:Canonicus 756:Dutch Gap 752:Canonicus 699:Canonicus 675:laid down 663:Canonicus 635:Commander 578:Canonicus 558:propeller 547:Canonicus 541:displaced 533:Canonicus 510:Canonicus 490:Canonicus 488:in 1877. 478:ironclads 473:Stonewall 471:CSS  451:Canonicus 413:her class 409:lead ship 392:Canonicus 303:Propeller 279:320  227:long tons 211:Canonicus 168:Canonicus 124:Laid down 99:Canonicus 80:Canonicus 39:Canonicus 1518:Tecumseh 1484:Manayunk 907:Atlantic 862:Catskill 780:Beaufort 769:gun port 740:Tecumseh 721:Tecumseh 683:launched 650:Tecumseh 551:Ericsson 523:, had a 340:Armament 309:Ericsson 132:Launched 93:Namesake 47:Virginia 1477:Mahopac 1470:Catawba 1165:12 June 1112:12 June 787:gunboat 669:of the 644:of her 642:captain 631:snipers 624:⁄ 562:Stimers 515:Passaic 397:monitor 323:8  216:monitor 156:Renamed 112:Builder 55:History 1511:Saugus 1504:Oneota 1418:  1295:  1276:  1257:  1238:  1215:  903:Scylla 881:Havana 872:Fahkee 748:Saugus 716:Saugus 679:Boston 617:funnel 504:Design 467:Havana 407:, the 250:Length 225:2,100 213:-class 162:Scylla 117:Boston 104:Scylla 85:Scylla 1412:LVIII 1388:(PDF) 1381:(PDF) 1366:1861) 1354:1862) 937:Notes 667:chief 581:' 574:knots 529:draft 517:class 498:scrap 355:Armor 320:Speed 266:Draft 1490:Ajax 1416:ISSN 1293:ISBN 1274:ISBN 1255:ISBN 1236:ISBN 1213:ISBN 1200:2021 1167:2013 1114:2013 909:and 859:and 750:and 719:and 608:deck 539:and 525:beam 508:The 390:USS 373:Deck 350:guns 343:2 Γ— 307:1 Γ— 301:1 Γ— 258:Beam 193:Fate 188:1877 127:1862 74:Name 37:USS 1435:of 730:'s 457:at 439:on 411:of 281:ihp 41:in 1558:: 1528:/ 1487:/ 1410:. 1190:. 1186:. 1157:. 1100:. 1096:. 1014:^ 984:^ 972:^ 956:^ 944:^ 817:, 653:. 640:, 591:, 587:, 325:kn 243:bm 45:, 1422:. 1397:. 1301:. 1282:. 1263:. 1244:. 1221:. 1202:. 1169:. 1116:. 626:2 622:1 245:) 233:) 231:t 23:.

Index

USS Canonicus

Hampton Roads
Virginia
Canonicus
Scylla
Boston
Canonicus-class
monitor
long tons
t
bm
ihp
fire-tube boilers
Propeller
Ericsson
Vibrating-lever steam engine
kn
15-inch (381 mm) Dahlgren
smoothbore
Gun turret
Waterline belt
Deck
Pilot house
monitor
United States Navy
American Civil War
lead ship
her class
James River

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