1762:
33:
839:
1646:
1360:
1372:
1493:
1348:
621:
593:
1514:
1746:
1464:
1778:
1734:
1794:
1396:
1384:
1415:
1437:
985:
4657:
1693:
939:
670:
808:
529:
1540:
1122:
4611:
601:
driving controls. The driver sat on hull centre line, entering through either of two angled hatches over the seat, though there was an emergency exit hatch beneath his seat. The driver had a direct vision port—cut in what was one of the hull cross members—in front of him and two periscopes in the roof over his head. Driving was by clutch and brake steering through levers, whose control rods ran the length of the hull to the transmission at the rear.
1597:
1069:
1625:
707:
4621:
1671:
1572:
1162:
871:
502:, the evacuation from Dunkirk. The trials were successful and the vehicle was rushed into production as "Tank, Infantry, Mark III"; no pilot models were required as much of the mechanics had been proven on the A10, and 109 had been built by the end of September. During late 1940 and early 1941, Valentines were used in the
547:
joined by their
Midland site in production of the Valentine. Vickers output started at ten per month rising to 45 per month in a year and peaking at 20 per week in 1943, before production was slowed and then production of the Valentine and derivatives stopped in 1945. Vickers-Armstrong produced 2,515
1304:
in a trailer and the flame projector was mounted on the hull front. Trials started in 1942 and showed that the gas-operated system was better. From this test installation was developed the
Crocodile equipment for the Churchill Crocodile flame-thrower used in the North West Europe campaign in 1944–45.
1303:
to determine which system was best for a tank-mounted flame projector. One used a projector pressurised by slow burning cordite charges (designed by the
Ministry of Supply) and one designed by AEC with the PWD using a projector operated by compressed hydrogen gas. Both carried the flame-thrower fuel
866:
until the end of the war, mainly in the second line. Although criticised for its low speed and the 2-pounder gun, the
Valentine was liked due to its small size, reliability and good armour protection. Initially the tracks gave some problems in winter; from freezing down to minus 20, snow packed into
794:
taken from
Matilda Mk IVCS tanks, surplus to New Zealand requirements. Other modifications to the nine Valentine Mk IIICS tanks deploying to the Pacific included Infantry telephones (a means for infantry to talk to the tank commander). The converted tanks carried 21 HE and 14 smoke shells. The other
632:
commander and responsible for directing the actions of two other tanks besides their own, were addressed by enlarging the turret for the Mark III so that a loader for the main armament could be carried. The turret ring diameter was not changed, so the extra space was found by moving the gun mounting
600:
The
Valentine was of conventional layout, divided internally into three compartments; from front to back the driver's position, the fighting compartment with the turret and then the engine and transmission driving the tracks through rear sprockets. The driver's area contained only the driver and the
497:
The War Office was initially deterred by the size of the turret, since they considered a turret crew of three necessary, to free the vehicle commander from direct involvement in operating the gun. Concerned by the situation in Europe, it finally approved the design in April 1939 and placed the first
1314:
Experimental vehicle with the turret replaced by fixed heavy mortar intended to fire 25 lb TNT incendiary shells to demolish concrete emplacements. Trials only by the
Petroleum Warfare Dept, 1943–45. Effective range was 400 yd (370 m) (maximum range 2,000 yd (1,800 m)). Few
728:
were developed, by the time they were available in significant numbers, better tanks had reached the battlefield. Another weakness was the small crew compartment and the two-man turret. A larger turret, with a loader position added, was used in some of the 2-pounder versions but the position had to
636:
A bulkhead separated the fighting compartment from the engine compartment. The engine, clutch and gearbox were bolted together to form a single unit. The first
Valentines used a petrol engine and the diesel engine which distinguished the Mark II—at the time Tank Infantry Mark III*— from the Mark I,
789:
in the south-west
Pacific campaign. Trials in New Zealand had found that the locally developed 2 pounder HE shell lacked power, especially compared to the 18-pounder shell of the 3-inch howitzer, so 18 Valentine Mk III were converted to Valentine Mk IIICS standard by having their main armament
641:
connected to the multiplate steering clutches which then fed epicyclic reduction gearboxes on the sides of the tanks. The brakes themselves were on the outside of the drive sprockets. The suspension was made up of two units on either side; each unit made up of a single 24 in (0.61 m)
604:
Behind the driver was a bulkhead that formed another hull cross-member and separated him from the fighting compartment. The first tanks had a two-man turret, the gunner on the left of the gun and the commander acting also as the loader on the right. When three-man turrets were introduced, the
1884:
In
October 2012, a Valentine Mk IX tank that fell through ice while crossing a river in western Poland during the Soviet Army's march to Berlin was recovered. This, the only surviving Valentine Mk IX to have actually seen combat, is reportedly well preserved and could possibly be restored to
1868:
A notable survivor is the only intact DD Valentine. This has been restored to running condition and is in the United Kingdom, privately owned by John Pearson. A number of DD Valentines that sank during training lie off the British coast; several have been located and are regularly visited by
716:
The Valentine shared the common weakness of the British tanks of the period in that its 2-pounder gun lacked high-explosive (anti-personnel) ammunition and soon became outdated as an anti-tank weapon. Introduction of the 6-pounder in British service was delayed until the loss of equipment in
1761:
1270:; a turretless Mk II fitted with 10 m (34 ft) long by 2.90 m (9 ft 6 in) wide Class 30 (capable of bearing 30 long tons (34 short tons)) scissors bridge. 192 were produced, 25 of them supplied to the USSR. Used in action in Italy, Burma,
563:
had established tank production facilities. An order was placed in 1940 with Canadian Pacific and after modifications to the Valentine design to use local standards and materials, the production prototype was finished in 1941. Canadian production was mainly at
691:. The tank first served in Operation Crusader in the North African desert, when it began to replace the Matilda Tank. Due to a lack of cruisers, it was issued to armoured regiments in the UK from mid-1941. The Valentine was better armed and faster than the
498:
order in July for deliveries in May 1940. At the start of the war, Vickers were instructed to give priority to the production of tanks. The vehicle reached trials in May 1940, which coincided with the loss of much of the army's equipment in France, during
998:
Modifications to the turret design – moving the front turret plate forward and a larger rear bulge – gave room for a loader to ease the duties of the commander. The side armour was reduced from 60 mm (2.4 in) to 50 mm (2.0 in) to save
489:
The tank was to carry a 2-pounder gun in a two-man turret (the A.11 was armed only with a heavy machine gun), a lower silhouette and be as light as possible, resulting in a very compact vehicle with a cramped interior. Compared to the earlier
543:(BRCW) were contracted to produce the Valentine. Metropolitan and the BRCW had built small numbers of the A10, their production runs were just finishing and they delivered their first Valentines in mid-1940. Metropolitan used two sites, with
1288:
to examine the possibility of producing a simple tank destroyer by mounting the 6-pounder in its field carriage on the hull in place of the turret. Trials only, 1942 not required since the Valentine could be fitted with a 6-pounder in a
474:(Infantry Tank Mk I). As a private design by Vickers-Armstrongs, it did not receive a General Staff "A" designation; it was submitted to the War Office on 10 February 1938. The development team tried to match the lower weight of a
2509:
1201:
Artillery Observation Post and Command Vehicle; extra radios, to give more space inside, the gun was removed and a dummy barrel fitted to the front of the turret. Used by battery commanders and observation post for Archer
605:
commander sat to the rear of the turret. The turret was made up of a cast front and a cast rear riveted to the side plates which were of rolled steel. All tanks carried the radio in the turret rear. Early tanks used the
729:
be removed again in variants with larger guns. Its relatively low height was an advantage in a battlefield with little cover, allowing it to take up a "good hull-down position in any convenient fold in the ground".
583:
in Canadian production was a success and the engine was adopted for British production. British and Canadian production totalled 8,275, making the Valentine the most produced British tank design of the war.
1116:
A V upgraded to the 6-pounder gun as VIII. Similar armour reduction as on the Mk VIII; on late production units an upgraded, 165 hp version of the GMC 6004 diesel was installed, somewhat improving
2786:
637:
was based on the AEC Comet, a commercial road vehicle engine. The Mark IV used a GMC Detroit Diesel; these were the majority of those used in the desert campaigns. The gearbox was a 5-speed, 1-reverse
628:
Turret rotation was by electric motor controlled by the gunner, with a hand-wheel for manual backup. The restrictions that the two-man turret placed on the commander, made more so if they were a
1060:
detail, along with more use of cast sections instead of fabricated ones. The first fifteen were produced with a 7.92 mm Besa coaxial machine-gun, thereafter replaced by a coaxial 0.30-inch
1056:
Canadian-built version of Mk IV; initially known as Tank, Infantry Mark III***. It used some Canadian and American mechanical parts and a GMC diesel engine. Late production vehicles had cast
494:, the Valentine had somewhat weaker armour and almost the same top speed. By using components already proven on the A9 and A10, the new design was easier to produce and much less expensive.
1014:
New Zealand modification of 18 Valentine III carried out by replacing the 2 pounder with a 3" Howitzer from Matilda IVCS tanks. They were used in Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands (see
430:, 14 February 1940, although some sources say that the design was submitted on Valentine's Day 1938 or 10 February 1938. White notes that "incidentally" Valentine was the middle name of
3115:
2505:
1845:
Two Canadian-built Valentines survive. Valentine Tank Mk VIIA, no. 838, built May 1943, was a Lend-Lease tank shipped to the Soviet Union. It fell through the ice of a boggy river near
1808:(Mark IX) and in private hands in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The Bovington collection has a Mark II and a Valentine Scissors Bridgelayer. Other examples are displayed at the
850:
Valentines, of all Marks except the Mark I, were sent to the USSR from 1941. The creation of Valentines tanks destined for use by the Soviet Union was a part of a campaign known as
3958:
1143:
New turret design so that a Besa coaxial machine-gun could be mounted again. Welded construction; the 165 hp engine was used in place of the 130 hp engine in some production.
724:
The small size of the turret and of the turret ring meant that producing mountings for larger guns proved a difficult task. Although versions with the 6-pounder and then with the
523:
394:. More than 8,000 Valentines were produced in eleven marks, plus specialised variants, accounting for about a quarter of wartime British tank production. The variants included
633:
forward in an extended front plate and increasing the bulge in the rear of the turret. This increased weight by half a ton on the 2.5 long tons (2.5 t) two-man turret.
1877:
in Dorset. These tanks lie 100 m (110 yd) apart in 15 m (49 ft) of water. A further tank is known to lie in around 10 m (11 yd) of water in
795:
nine 3-inch armed tanks and 16 normal Valentines (with 2-pounder guns) remained in New Zealand for training. The Valentine was retired from New Zealand service in 1960.
1853:(Russian: Telepino), during a Soviet counter-offensive on 25 January 1944. In 1990 a 74-year-old villager helped locate the tank and it was recovered and offered as a
1359:
1813:
4687:
887:
1157:
gun and 210 hp version of the GMC 6004 diesel; welded construction. The Canadian cast nose introduced into British production, only used as a command tank.
2794:
3854:
1745:
4624:
1106:
AEC diesel engine and turret modification to take 6-pounder gun; meant the loss of the coaxial machine-gun. Never built due to being inferior to Mk IX.
434:, the man responsible for many tank designs including that of the Valentine's predecessors, the A10 and A11. Another version says that Valentine is an
4682:
2645:
1821:
1371:
922:. A turretless Valentine from a quarry was used by Greek militia, fitted with an improvised armoured casemate from which a gunner could fire a
540:
1347:
953:
The first model of the Valentine; production was by Vickers, Metro-Cammell and Birmingham Railway The tank had a riveted hull, was powered by
3120:
1777:
980:. To increase its range in the desert, an auxiliary jettisonable external fuel tank was installed to the left of the engine compartment.
1846:
3162:
976:
Until the Valentine name adopted in June 1941, known as "Tank, Infantry, Mark III*". This model used AEC A190 131 hp 6-cylinder
1793:
773:
self-propelled gun. The Royal Artillery used the Valentine XI (with 75 mm gun) as an OP command tank until the end of the war.
4239:
1861:
by independent Ukraine in 1992 and stands on display in the LeBreton Gallery. A Valentine built by Canadian Pacific resides at the
3665:
1325:"Ark" design using Valentine hull for a light ramp tank to be used in Far East. The end of the war precluded further development.
683:, earning a reputation as a reliable and well-protected vehicle. The first Valentines went into action in December 1941 with the
1839:
1825:
1733:
1457:
received Valentines in spring 1943. These tanks were the first ones officially operated by the Czechoslovak exile army in WWII.
32:
3502:
3135:
3099:
3080:
3061:
3042:
3019:
2985:
2913:
2894:
2838:
2819:
2737:
2685:
1086:
Another Canadian version, it was essentially the VI with internal changes and No. 19 Wireless replaced the No. 11 radio set.
3994:
1448:
3140:
3781:
3003:
451:
1804:
Around forty Valentine tanks and vehicles based on the Valentine chassis survive. Tanks in running condition are at the
4441:
3848:
3859:
398:
and welded construction, petrol and diesel engines and increases in armament. It was supplied in large numbers to the
4511:
3200:
2949:
2775:
2317:
1454:
859:
758:
711:
A Valentine tank which was captured by the Germans in 1942 and used by them until it was knocked out, February 1943
3732:
3727:
1881:, south of Chichester in West Sussex; the hull and turret are clearly recognisable as it sits on a gravel mound.
1784:
1587:
1061:
3864:
2134:
3737:
3676:
2756:
1583:
576:
export to the Soviet Union under lend-lease. The remaining 32 were retained for training. The use of local GMC
3671:
548:
vehicles and Metropolitan 2,135; total UK production was 6,855 tanks, with 2,394 exported from Britain to the
4501:
3791:
3544:
3155:
1267:
1395:
1043:
1029:
294:
4697:
3760:
1894:
1335:
Experiments with rockets late in the war to propel a Valentine tank across an obstacle such as a minefield.
1300:
954:
919:
883:
700:
507:
431:
280:
109:
1383:
1032:
engine and US-made transmission. Though it had slightly shorter range, it was quieter and highly reliable.
4614:
3906:
1862:
1809:
1015:
882:
Soviet Supreme Command asked for its production until the end of the war. In August 1945, as part of the
791:
696:
253:
838:
4647:
4566:
4302:
4089:
3492:
3302:
3210:
746:
478:, allowing the suspension and transmission parts of the A10 heavy cruiser to be used, with the greater
572:
and 1,420 were produced in Canada, of which 1,388 were sent to the Soviet-Union. They formed the main
4576:
4571:
4254:
4244:
3962:
1483:
1254:
819:
105:
1183:". Conversions by Metro-Cammell of 625 tanks delivered in 1943–1944. Used by crews training for the
4109:
3987:
3697:
3692:
3686:
3411:
3148:
2848:
Hill, Alexander (2007). "British Lend Lease Aid and the Soviet War Effort, June 1941 – June 1942".
1936:
The star in the name denoted a modification to the original design, in this case the engine change.
843:
786:
4677:
4581:
4395:
4124:
4114:
3470:
3171:
1709:
1639:
captured four Mk III tanks from the Red Army, which were used for testing and anti-tank training.
770:
684:
573:
486:, working to a specification for a 60 mm (2.4 in) armour basis (the same as the A.11).
4491:
4054:
3564:
3397:
1817:
1096:
Mark VII with jettisonable fuel tanks, new studded tracks, oil cooler and protected headlights.
927:
680:
511:
443:
403:
769:
tank. A few were used for special purposes or as command vehicles for units equipped with the
718:
620:
4661:
4003:
3631:
1805:
1504:
1126:
875:
725:
592:
427:
242:
236:
4526:
4481:
3796:
3636:
3170:
1271:
855:
742:
738:
327:
699:
in late 1942, some tanks had driven more than 3,000 miles (4,800 km) by the time the
8:
4635:
4631:
4451:
4446:
3980:
3869:
3711:
3660:
1858:
1768:
1752:
1479:
1213:
1176:
867:
the tracks, though at below minus 20 it was not a problem. The problem was later solved.
614:
606:
506:
role in British-based armoured divisions, and they were supplied to tank brigades of the
447:
1838:
A number of Valentine hulls are in private ownership in Australia, including one in the
4034:
3802:
3475:
3460:
3443:
3430:
3215:
2873:
2865:
1714:
1430:
received 30 of 1,420 tanks built in Canada. Valentines were used for training purposes.
851:
688:
580:
439:
124:
2396:
4312:
3584:
3549:
3512:
3465:
3378:
3095:
3076:
3057:
3038:
3015:
2981:
2964:
2945:
2928:
2909:
2890:
2877:
2834:
2815:
2771:
2752:
2733:
2703:
2681:
2626:
2365:
2313:
1285:
1188:
1154:
248:
1927:
That the armour was to be as effective as a vertical 60 mm (2.4 in) plate.
4692:
4551:
4486:
4431:
3837:
3655:
3641:
3618:
3590:
3337:
3205:
3175:
2857:
958:
863:
499:
471:
268:
91:
4147:
3125:
2680:. London New York, NY: Arms and Armour (Distributed in the USA by Sterling Pub.).
4521:
4456:
4282:
4224:
4219:
4187:
3874:
3703:
3422:
3392:
3282:
1982:
1878:
1609:
1299:
Two Valentine tanks were modified to carry flame-throwers and were tested by the
899:
565:
284:
3972:
1072:
The first tank to be manufactured in Canada, a Valentine VI, being inspected by
454:
is that it was just an in-house codeword of Vickers with no other significance.
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4516:
4506:
4471:
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4378:
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4335:
4172:
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3880:
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3352:
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1698:
1442:
957:
A189 135 hp petrol engine and equipped with a 2-pounder gun and a coaxial
762:
577:
479:
387:
218:
60:
1986:
984:
4671:
4466:
4327:
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2678:
Third Axis, Fourth Ally: Romanian Armed Forces in the European war, 1941–1945
2630:
1636:
1475:
1427:
977:
938:
918:
The last use of a Valentine in combat is thought to have occurred during the
785:, 25 Valentine Mk III and nine Valentine Mk IIICS tanks were employed by the
692:
638:
536:
483:
467:
383:
289:
50:
2968:
2621:
Mahé, Yann (February 2011). "Le Blindorama : La Turquie, 1935 - 1945".
2307:
1216:
experiments; conventional turret replaced with one containing a searchlight.
669:
4591:
4586:
4496:
4476:
4307:
4264:
4214:
4194:
4119:
4104:
3945:
3911:
3885:
3843:
3807:
3647:
3601:
3507:
3262:
3254:
2695:
1719:
1683:
1651:
1526:
1519:
757:
By 1944, the Valentine had been almost replaced in front-line units of the
549:
503:
475:
463:
391:
101:
83:
38:
4142:
2861:
656: in (0.50 m) wheels. Improved tracks were added to later marks.
462:
The Valentine started as a proposal based on Vickers' experience with the
4355:
4199:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4134:
4059:
4049:
3949:
3786:
3362:
3241:
1870:
1545:
1240:
1191:
as well as training in Italy and India. A few were used in Italy in 1945.
903:
782:
617:, which included crew communications with long and short range networks.
2869:
1842:. These were sent there after the war for use as agricultural vehicles.
1121:
807:
4365:
4340:
4204:
4182:
4044:
4029:
4011:
3929:
3765:
3681:
3384:
3342:
3307:
3233:
3192:
3130:
3008:
The Great Tank Scandal: British Armour in the Second World War - Part 1
1832:
1661:
1226:
1184:
1130:
1073:
962:
766:
674:
A Valentine in North Africa, carrying infantry from a Scottish regiment
553:
544:
528:
491:
423:
299:
1365:
Flame mortar fitted to Valentine tank chassis, firing phosphorus bombs
4415:
4350:
4209:
4099:
4079:
4074:
4039:
4019:
3933:
3559:
3435:
3225:
1874:
1068:
596:
Driver's position of Mark VI tank, both periscopes and hatch visible.
422:. According to the most popular one, the design was presented to the
402:
and built under licence in Canada. It was used by the British in the
1229:; turretless vehicle with flail attachment never used operationally.
706:
4436:
4405:
4317:
4094:
3831:
3312:
1854:
1657:
1602:
923:
569:
87:
2723:] (in Russian). no isbn. Бронеколлекция: Моделист-Конструктор.
870:
4596:
4426:
4400:
4064:
4024:
1991:
1850:
1630:
1180:
891:
435:
407:
3959:
British armoured fighting vehicle production during World War II
524:
British armoured fighting vehicle production during World War II
4177:
3937:
3370:
3031:
Universal Tank: British Armour in the Second World War - Part 2
2787:"Polish Historians Bid to Dig up British Second World War Tank"
1676:
1577:
1420:
1243:
Attachment, a few used on the beaches of Normandy during D-Day.
1161:
1057:
610:
560:
2152:
3941:
2812:
Swimming Shermans: Sherman DD Amphibious Tank of World War II
2183:
2181:
2179:
1918:
Sir John had died three years before in an aircraft accident.
1828:
and the Virginia Museum of Military Vehicles own Valentines.
1469:
907:
629:
395:
3092:
Into the Vally: The Valentine Tank and Derivatives 1938–1960
2831:
The Complete Guide to Tanks & Armoured Fighting Vehicles
1612:
received 36 Valentine Mk II in 1943, which were used by the
1175:
Valentine Mk V, IX and Mk XI, made amphibious by the use of
1076:, the Canadian Minister of Munitions and Supply, in May 1941
930:, who intend to place it in a proposed new military museum.
624:
View into Valentine turret of crew loading the 2-pounder gun
4561:
4556:
4388:
4383:
4234:
4229:
4084:
4069:
3901:
3896:
3183:
3034:
3011:
1835:, India have a Valentine Tank and a Valentine Bridgelayer.
1507:
received some ex-Lend Lease tanks from the USSR after WWII.
1498:
895:
886:, the 267th Tank Regiment (40 Valentine III and IX) of the
399:
355:
2602:
2347:
2208:
2176:
1820:, Saumur, France and the Kubinka Tank Museum, Russia; the
721:
had been made good, so the 2-pounder was retained longer.
3094:. Green. Poole: Sandomierz: Mushroom Model Publications.
2441:
2326:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2198:
2196:
2164:
2018:
2732:. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Military.
2590:
2116:
2114:
1873:
in Scotland and two lie 3.5 miles (5.6 km) out of
1525:
Captured Valentines were pressed into service with the
2578:
2566:
2544:
2542:
2529:
2527:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2470:
2468:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2270:
2268:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2075:
1703:
1660:
received 2,124 British-built and 1,208 Canadian-built
842:
Valentines bound for the Soviet Union being loaded on
737:
Six Valentines of 'B' Special Service Squadron of the
4645:
2768:
Defending New Zealand: Ramparts on the Sea 1840–1950s
2554:
2280:
2193:
2101:
2099:
2051:
1965:
1963:
1961:
862:. In Soviet service, the Valentine was used from the
450:. The "most prosaic" explanation according to author
418:
There are several proposed explanations for the name
2453:
2419:
2417:
2111:
3952:, field conversions of vehicles of various origins
2625:(in French). No. 41. Caraktère. pp. 4–7.
2539:
2524:
2480:
2465:
2429:
2379:
2265:
2253:
2232:
2220:
2063:
1455:
1st Czechoslovak Independent Armoured Brigade Group
4625:List of armoured fighting vehicles of World War II
2770:. Wellington: Defence of New Zealand Study Group.
2096:
1958:
1799:Valentine MK IX at the Bovington Tank museum, 2009
1686:received 200 Valentine IIIs between 1941 and 1944.
1315:used in Normandy on D-Day to help clear buildings.
1129:gun with many of these being sent to Russia under
206:Mk I, II, IV, VI–XI: 3 (Commander, gunner, driver)
4002:
2925:Armoured Fighting Vehicles of New Zealand 1939–59
2414:
2030:
2006:
1822:South African National Museum of Military History
1557:75 Valentine III, 18 converted to Valentine IIICS
4669:
2746:
2158:
1613:
1353:Valentine flame-thrower (gas-operated equipment)
2747:Chamberlain, Peter; Ellis, Christopher (1969).
2653:
1981:
1869:recreational divers. Two Valentines lie in the
1715:Carrier, Valentine, 25-pounder gun Mk I, Bishop
541:Birmingham Railway Carriage & Wagon Company
4688:Military vehicles introduced from 1940 to 1944
3201:Light tank Mk I, Mk II, Mk III, Mk IV and Mk V
3054:50th Royal Tank Regiment: The Complete History
2394:
1664:tanks. 270 and 180 lost during transportation.
3988:
3156:
2309:A Strange Campaign: The Battle for Madagascar
1857:-era gift to Canada. It was presented to the
161:8,275 (6,855 built in UK and 1,420 in Canada)
2714:
2608:
2353:
2214:
2187:
2024:
1987:"Tank Chats #11 Valentine | The Tank Museum"
765:(the Infantry Tank Mark IV) and the US-made
2503:
1377:Valentine DD tank with screen lowered, 1944
1279:Valentine with 6-pounder anti-tank mounting
532:The development path of the Valentine tank.
4620:
3995:
3981:
3163:
3149:
2749:British and American Tanks of World War II
2727:
2572:
1531:Infanterie Panzerkampfwagen Mk III 749 (e)
1165:The Valentine XI. Armed with the 75 mm gun
1125:The Valentine IX. This was armed with the
1018:), and remained in service into the 1950s.
965:forced the commander to act as the loader.
679:The Valentine was extensively used in the
3136:Recovery of Valentine from Warta riverbed
3121:WWII Vehicles website about the Valentine
3116:Valentine production and performance data
2942:New Zealand Armour in the Pacific 1939–45
2614:
2366:Horse-mechanized group TRANS-Baikal front
1478:used Valentine tanks after WWII; used in
988:Valentine III. Note the different turret.
537:Metropolitan-Cammell Carriage & Wagon
4683:World War II tanks of the United Kingdom
3051:
3028:
3002:
2809:
2675:
2596:
2305:
1451:repaired two Valentine wrecks in Tobruk.
1160:
1120:
1067:
1028:A Mark II using an American 138 hp
983:
937:
869:
837:
705:
668:
619:
591:
527:
182:hull: 17 ft 9 in (5.41 m)
3860:Bedford Cockatrice and Heavy Cockatrice
3070:
2939:
2922:
2903:
2884:
2584:
2459:
2435:
2332:
2293:
2202:
2170:
2132:
2120:
2081:
2069:
2057:
1751:Valentine Bridgelayer (without bridge)
894:43rd Tank Brigade, passed from Eastern
410:, it proved to be strong and reliable.
4670:
3089:
2978:Armour of the Middle East Wars 1948–78
2975:
2963:. AFV 6. Windsor: Profile Publishing.
2560:
1840:Australian Armour and Artillery Museum
1826:Military Vehicle Technology Foundation
1739:Tank no 838 at the Canadian War Museum
1710:SP 17-pounder, Valentine, Mk I, Archer
1590:operated Valentine tanks for training.
3976:
3144:
3073:The Valentine in North Africa 1942–43
2958:
2828:
2765:
2694:
2650:Canadian War Museum Fact Sheet No. 5.
2548:
2533:
2491:
2474:
2447:
2423:
2274:
2259:
2247:
2226:
2105:
2036:
2012:
1969:
539:—an associate company of Vickers—and
318:Meadows Type 22 (5 speed and reverse)
3056:. Cambridge: The Lutterworth Press.
2889:. New Vanguard 233. Oxford: Osprey.
2847:
2814:. New Vanguard 123. Oxford: Osprey.
2620:
1945:White gives 130 hp at 1,800 rpm
1257:equipment; a few used operationally.
818: with: section. You can help by
802:
470:specification cruiser tanks and the
198:7 ft 5.5 in (2.273 m)
190:8 ft 7.5 in (2.629 m)
3075:. London: Arms & Armour Press.
2784:
2751:(2nd US ed.). New York: Arco.
2659:
2512:from the original on 10 August 2011
1704:Vehicles based on Valentine chassis
752:
360:15 mph (24 km/h) on roads
25:Tank, Infantry, Valentine, Mk I–XI
13:
3849:Australian experimental light tank
3216:Light tank Mk VIII 'Harry Hopkins'
3174:armoured fighting vehicles of the
2996:
2906:British Tanks in N. Africa 1940–42
2395:Pierre-Olivier (7 November 2010).
2135:"Infantry Tank Mk III – Valentine"
1725:
1042:As the Valentine III but with the
874:Soviet Valentine Mk IX during the
14:
4709:
3126:The 3rd NZ Division Tank Squadron
3109:
1975:
972:(Tank, Infantry, Mk III*): (700)
890:Red Army, together with the 65th
749:of 'C' Special Service Squadron.
659:
587:
380:Tank, Infantry, Mk III, Valentine
350:90 mi (140 km) on roads
4655:
4619:
4610:
4609:
2785:Day, Matthew (25 October 2012).
2504:David Boyd. (31 December 2008).
2306:Phillips, Russell (5 May 2021).
1792:
1776:
1760:
1744:
1732:
1691:
1669:
1644:
1623:
1595:
1570:
1538:
1512:
1491:
1462:
1435:
1413:
1394:
1382:
1370:
1358:
1346:
1309:Valentine 9.75-inch flame mortar
949:(Tank, Infantry, Mk III): (308)
860:Communist Party of Great Britain
806:
798:
559:To develop its own tank forces,
223:0.31–2.56 in (8–65 mm)
31:
3733:Morris Light Reconnaissance Car
3728:Humber Light Reconnaissance Car
3677:Marmon-Herrington Armoured Cars
2980:. Vanguard 19. London: Osprey.
2908:. Vanguard 23. London: Osprey.
2887:Valentine Infantry Tank 1938–45
2850:The Journal of Military History
2702:. Sampson Low, Marston and Co.
2646:Canadian Valentine Tank MK VIIA
2637:
2497:
2370:
2359:
2338:
2299:
2126:
2087:
1939:
1930:
1921:
1785:Cavalry Tank Museum, Ahmednagar
1588:Polish Armed Forces in the West
664:
3738:Otter Light Reconnaissance Car
2961:Valentine Infantry Tank Mk III
2042:
1912:
1505:Imperial Iranian Ground Forces
1284:Experimental vehicle built by
926:. The vehicle is owned by the
613:for the crew; later tanks had
457:
174:about 16 long tons (16 t)
155:
1:
4004:Tanks of the Second World War
1900:
1720:Tank, Infantry, Valiant (A38)
1486:, then relegated to training.
1268:Armoured bridgelaying vehicle
1253:Mine exploder; using "Snake"
858:and heavily supported by the
732:
517:
492:Infantry Tank Mk II "Matilda"
142:Vickers-Armstrongs and others
3761:AEC Armoured Command Vehicle
2159:Chamberlain & Ellis 1969
2133:Rickard, John (7 May 2015).
1895:Vickers Tank Periscope MK.IV
1824:. In the United States, the
1584:Polish 1st Armoured Division
1406:
1301:Petroleum Warfare Department
884:Soviet invasion of Manchuria
7:
3672:Lanchester 6×4 armoured car
2402:. Surviving Panzers website
1888:
1863:Base Borden Military Museum
1810:Imperial War Museum Duxford
1586:and various other units of
1016:Battle of the Green Islands
933:
10:
4714:
3211:Light tank Mk VII Tetrarch
2976:Zaloga, Steven J. (1981).
1816:in Brussels, Belgium; the
1618:(Infantry Tank Battalion).
1339:
776:
695:. During the pursuit from
521:
4605:
4414:
4364:
4326:
4263:
4133:
4010:
3963:Tanks in the British Army
3920:
3819:
3774:
3751:
3720:
3611:
3572:
3558:
3491:
3453:
3421:
3410:
3361:
3328:
3253:
3191:
3182:
2940:Plowman, Jeffery (2001).
2923:Plowman, Jeffery (1985).
2715:Baryatinskiy, M. (2002).
2506:"Valentine Infantry Tank"
1563:11 Valentine Bridgelayers
1255:mine-clearing line charge
1046:and US-made transmission.
913:
364:
354:
342:
334:
322:
314:
306:
288:Mk II, III, VI: AEC A190
275:
267:Mk I–VII, X, XI: 7.92 mm
259:
227:
217:
212:
202:
194:
186:
178:
170:
165:
154:
146:
138:
130:
120:
115:
97:
79:
71:
66:
57:Place of origin
56:
46:
30:
23:
3698:Rover Light Armoured Car
3693:Rolls-Royce armoured car
3687:Rhino Heavy Armoured Car
3052:Hamilton, S. D. (1996).
3029:Fletcher, David (1989).
2833:. London: Hermes House.
2730:Panzers at War 1939–1942
2728:Carruthers, Bob (2013).
1831:The Cavalry Tank Museum
1294:Valentine flame-throwers
920:Cyprus crisis of 1963–64
844:Canadian Pacific Railway
787:3rd New Zealand Division
310:12.4 hp (9.2 kW) / tonne
110:Cyprus crisis of 1963–64
4240:Type 97 ShinHōtō Chi-Ha
3071:Perrett, Bryan (1972).
2904:Perrett, Bryan (1981).
2885:Newsome, Bruce (2016).
2721:Valentine Infantry Tank
2717:Пехотный танк Валентайн
2676:Axworthy, Mark (1995).
2623:Batailles & Blindés
1885:operational condition.
1767:Valentine Bridgelayer,
1449:11th Infantry Battalion
1153:An X upgraded with the
685:8th Royal Tank Regiment
642:diameter wheel and two
413:
208:Mk III, V: 4 (+ loader)
4512:Special number 3 Ku-Ro
4492:Panzerkampfwagen E-100
4298:Cromwell (and Centaur)
4055:Marmon-Herrington CTLS
3704:Staghound Armoured Car
3666:Indian Pattern Carrier
3648:Greyhound Armoured Car
3624:Boarhound Armoured Car
3398:Vickers Medium Mark II
2829:Forty, George (2006).
2397:"Surviving Valentines"
1614:
1196:Valentine OP / Command
1166:
1133:
1077:
989:
943:
928:Cypriot National Guard
879:
847:
741:took part in the 1942
713:
681:North African Campaign
676:
625:
597:
533:
404:North African campaign
3855:Basilisk Armoured Car
3820:Experimental vehicles
3632:Coventry Armoured Car
3131:Valentine Tank videos
2959:White, B. T. (1969).
2927:. Somerset Printing.
2862:10.1353/jmh.2007.0206
2810:Fletcher, D. (2006).
2766:Cooke, Peter (2000).
2312:. Shilka Publishing.
1814:Royal Military Museum
1806:Bovington Tank Museum
1551:New Zealand received
1484:1948 Arab–Israeli War
1262:Valentine Bridgelayer
1221:Valentine Scorpion II
1164:
1124:
1071:
987:
941:
898:across the mountains
888:59th Cavalry Division
873:
841:
726:Ordnance QF 75 mm gun
709:
672:
623:
595:
531:
448:(Newcastle-upon) Tyne
326:modified three-wheel
106:1948 Arab–Israeli War
16:British infantry tank
3797:C15TA Armoured Truck
3637:Daimler Armoured Car
3298:Centaur and Cromwell
3172:British Commonwealth
2376:Hill. 2007, p773–808
2139:www.historyofwar.org
1985:(24 November 2015).
1865:in Barrie, Ontario.
1529:and were designated
1234:Valentine AMRA Mk Ib
1062:Browning machine-gun
856:Clementine Churchill
743:Battle of Madagascar
739:Royal Armoured Corps
328:Horstmann suspension
4698:History of the tank
4636:Tank classification
4632:History of the tank
3721:Reconnaissance cars
3712:Standard Beaverette
3661:Humber Armoured Car
3090:Taylor, D. (2011).
2450:, pp. 361–362.
1859:Canadian War Museum
1769:Kubinka Tank Museum
1753:Overloon War Museum
1480:Mandatory Palestine
1389:Valentine with AMRA
1214:Canal Defence Light
1177:Nicholas Straussler
615:Wireless Set No. 19
607:Wireless set No. 11
338:36 gallons internal
4615:World War II tanks
4303:Mk VIII Challenger
4035:Light tank Mk VIII
3803:Leyland Beaver-Eel
3493:Armoured personnel
3476:M10 tank destroyer
2797:on 28 October 2012
2700:Flame Over Britain
1615:Batalhão de Carros
1401:Valentine Scorpion
1167:
1134:
1078:
990:
944:
880:
852:Aid to Russia Fund
848:
792:QF 3-inch howitzer
714:
689:Operation Crusader
677:
626:
598:
581:two-stroke engines
534:
440:Vickers-Armstrongs
428:St Valentine's Day
335:Fuel capacity
293:Mk IV, V, VII–XI:
125:Vickers-Armstrongs
116:Production history
4643:
4642:
3970:
3969:
3838:AC3 'Thunderbolt'
3747:
3746:
3550:Universal Carrier
3487:
3486:
3466:17pdr SP Achilles
3406:
3405:
3101:978-83-61421-36-8
3082:978-0-7110-0262-3
3063:978-0-7188-2938-4
3044:978-0-11-290534-9
3021:978-0-11-290460-1
2987:978-0-85045-388-1
2915:978-0-85045-421-5
2896:978-1-4728-1375-6
2840:978-1-84681-110-4
2821:978-1-84176-983-7
2739:978-1-78159-130-7
2696:Banks, Sir Donald
2687:978-1-85409-267-0
2643:Fred Gaffen ed.,
2609:Baryatinskiy 2002
2354:Baryatinskiy 2002
2335:, pp. 17–18.
2215:Baryatinskiy 2002
2188:Baryatinskiy 2002
2173:, pp. 13–14.
2025:Baryatinskiy 2002
1818:Musée des Blindés
1286:Vickers-Armstrong
1272:north-west Europe
1189:Normandy Landings
1187:DD tanks for the
876:Dnieper Offensive
836:
835:
703:reached Tunisia.
376:
375:
271:with 3,150 rounds
254:QF 3-inch (76 mm)
4705:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4651:
4623:
4622:
4613:
4612:
4487:Panzer VIII Maus
4215:Panzer V Panther
3997:
3990:
3983:
3974:
3973:
3752:Armoured command
3656:Guy Armoured Car
3642:Fox Armoured Car
3619:AEC Armoured Car
3591:Humber scout car
3570:
3569:
3419:
3418:
3206:Light tank Mk VI
3189:
3188:
3176:Second World War
3165:
3158:
3151:
3142:
3141:
3105:
3086:
3067:
3048:
3025:
2991:
2972:
2955:
2936:
2919:
2900:
2881:
2844:
2825:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2793:. Archived from
2781:
2762:
2743:
2724:
2711:
2691:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2618:
2612:
2606:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2582:
2576:
2570:
2564:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2537:
2531:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2501:
2495:
2489:
2478:
2472:
2463:
2457:
2451:
2445:
2439:
2433:
2427:
2421:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2401:
2392:
2377:
2374:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2351:
2345:
2342:
2336:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2278:
2272:
2263:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2191:
2185:
2174:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2130:
2124:
2118:
2109:
2103:
2094:
2091:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1946:
1943:
1937:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1796:
1780:
1764:
1748:
1736:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1617:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1554:100 Valentine II
1544:
1542:
1541:
1518:
1516:
1515:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1398:
1386:
1374:
1362:
1350:
1330:Gap Jumping Tank
1212:Continuation of
959:Besa machine gun
864:Battle of Moscow
831:
828:
810:
803:
790:replaced by the
759:European theatre
753:Northwest Europe
655:
654:
650:
647:
514:from June 1941.
500:Operation Dynamo
386:produced in the
372:clutch and brake
357:
302:(97–157 kW)
269:BESA machine-gun
157:
92:New Zealand Army
37:Valentine II at
35:
26:
21:
20:
4713:
4712:
4708:
4707:
4706:
4704:
4703:
4702:
4668:
4667:
4666:
4656:
4654:
4646:
4644:
4639:
4601:
4457:Bob Semple tank
4432:AC3 Thunderbolt
4419:
4410:
4360:
4322:
4259:
4225:Stridsvagn m/42
4220:Stridsvagn m/41
4188:Sherman Firefly
4129:
4006:
4001:
3971:
3966:
3953:
3916:
3875:Bob Semple tank
3815:
3808:White Scout Car
3775:Armoured trucks
3770:
3753:
3743:
3716:
3607:
3585:Dingo scout car
3563:
3554:
3494:
3483:
3449:
3413:
3402:
3393:Sherman Firefly
3357:
3324:
3249:
3178:
3169:
3112:
3102:
3083:
3064:
3045:
3022:
3004:Fletcher, David
2999:
2997:Further reading
2994:
2988:
2952:
2916:
2897:
2841:
2822:
2800:
2798:
2778:
2759:
2740:
2688:
2666:
2658:
2654:
2642:
2638:
2619:
2615:
2607:
2603:
2595:
2591:
2583:
2579:
2573:Carruthers 2013
2571:
2567:
2563:, pp. 8–9.
2559:
2555:
2547:
2540:
2532:
2525:
2515:
2513:
2502:
2498:
2490:
2481:
2473:
2466:
2458:
2454:
2446:
2442:
2434:
2430:
2422:
2415:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2393:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2364:
2360:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2339:
2331:
2327:
2320:
2304:
2300:
2292:
2281:
2273:
2266:
2258:
2254:
2246:
2233:
2225:
2221:
2213:
2209:
2201:
2194:
2186:
2177:
2169:
2165:
2157:
2153:
2143:
2141:
2131:
2127:
2119:
2112:
2104:
2097:
2092:
2088:
2084:, pp. 3–5.
2080:
2076:
2068:
2064:
2060:, pp. 4–5.
2056:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2035:
2031:
2023:
2019:
2011:
2007:
1997:
1995:
1983:The Tank Museum
1980:
1976:
1968:
1959:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1903:
1891:
1879:Bracklesham Bay
1812:in the UK; the
1800:
1797:
1788:
1781:
1772:
1765:
1756:
1749:
1740:
1737:
1728:
1726:Surviving tanks
1706:
1692:
1690:
1670:
1668:
1645:
1643:
1624:
1622:
1610:Portuguese Army
1596:
1594:
1571:
1569:
1539:
1537:
1513:
1511:
1492:
1490:
1463:
1461:
1436:
1434:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1402:
1399:
1390:
1387:
1378:
1375:
1366:
1363:
1354:
1351:
1342:
1248:Valentine Snake
1044:GMC 6004 diesel
1030:GMC 6004 diesel
1004:Valentine IIICS
936:
916:
900:Greater Khingan
832:
826:
823:
816:needs expansion
801:
779:
755:
735:
712:
675:
667:
662:
652:
648:
645:
643:
590:
566:CPR Angus Shops
526:
520:
460:
432:Sir John Carden
416:
406:. Developed by
369:
367:
347:
345:
297:
295:GMC 6004 diesel
292:
287:
283:A189 9.6 litre
264:
262:
251:
246:
240:
232:
230:
213:
207:
108:
104:
72:In service
67:Service history
42:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4711:
4701:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4678:Infantry tanks
4665:
4664:
4662:United Kingdom
4641:
4640:
4628:
4627:
4617:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4600:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4567:Type 98 Chi-Ho
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4472:Medium Tank M7
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4423:
4421:
4412:
4411:
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4197:
4192:
4191:
4190:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4143:Turán I and II
4139:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
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4077:
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4057:
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4016:
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4008:
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3999:
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3800:
3794:
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3771:
3769:
3768:
3763:
3757:
3755:
3749:
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3695:
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3679:
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3669:
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3645:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3621:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3599:
3596:Lynx Scout Car
3593:
3588:
3582:
3576:
3574:
3567:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3534:
3526:
3518:
3510:
3505:
3499:
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3489:
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3485:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3457:
3455:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3441:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3416:
3412:Self-propelled
3408:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3382:
3376:
3367:
3365:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3334:
3332:
3330:Infantry tanks
3326:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3316:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3273:Cruiser Mk III
3270:
3265:
3259:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3239:
3231:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3197:
3195:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3168:
3167:
3160:
3153:
3145:
3139:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3111:
3110:External links
3108:
3107:
3106:
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3087:
3081:
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3049:
3043:
3026:
3020:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2986:
2973:
2956:
2950:
2944:. J. Plowman.
2937:
2920:
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2901:
2895:
2882:
2856:(3): 773–808.
2845:
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2672:
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2613:
2601:
2599:, p. 221.
2589:
2587:, p. 132.
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2017:
2005:
1974:
1956:
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1699:United Kingdom
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1640:
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1592:
1591:
1567:
1566:
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1560:81 Valentine V
1558:
1555:
1535:
1534:
1509:
1508:
1488:
1487:
1459:
1458:
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1443:Czechoslovakia
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1274:and Manchuria.
1259:
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1101:Valentine VIII
1098:
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1091:Valentine VIIA
1088:
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1048:
1047:
1034:
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1019:
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1000:
982:
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961:. Its two-man
935:
932:
915:
912:
834:
833:
813:
811:
800:
797:
778:
775:
763:Churchill tank
754:
751:
734:
731:
710:
673:
666:
663:
661:
660:Combat history
658:
589:
588:Vehicle layout
586:
578:Detroit Diesel
522:Main article:
519:
516:
459:
456:
452:David Fletcher
415:
412:
388:United Kingdom
374:
373:
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365:
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356:Maximum speed
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166:Specifications
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61:United Kingdom
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
43:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4710:
4699:
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4638:
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4608:
4607:
4604:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4577:Type 5 Chi-Ri
4575:
4573:
4572:Type 4 Chi-To
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
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4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4467:Heavy Tank M6
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4420:experimentals
4417:
4413:
4407:
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4390:
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4304:
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4299:
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4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4278:Cruiser Mk IV
4276:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4262:
4256:
4255:Type 3 Chi-Nu
4253:
4251:
4250:Type 3 Ka-Chi
4248:
4246:
4245:Type 1 Chi-He
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
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4221:
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4166:
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4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4148:43M Turán III
4146:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4136:
4132:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4110:Type 98 Ke-Ni
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
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4086:
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4018:
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4005:
3998:
3993:
3991:
3986:
3984:
3979:
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3975:
3965:
3964:
3960:
3951:
3947:
3946:South African
3943:
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3640:
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3633:
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3622:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3612:Armoured cars
3610:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3580:Daimler Dingo
3578:
3577:
3575:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3565:armoured cars
3561:
3557:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3537:M9 half-track
3535:
3533:
3530:
3529:M5 half-track
3527:
3525:
3522:
3521:M3 half-track
3519:
3517:
3514:
3513:M2 half-track
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3490:
3480:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
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3333:
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3327:
3320:
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3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3278:Cruiser Mk IV
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3268:Cruiser Mk II
3266:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3255:Cruiser tanks
3252:
3246:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3221:Vickers 6-ton
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
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3000:
2989:
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2957:
2953:
2951:0-473-07503-2
2947:
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2808:
2796:
2792:
2791:The Telegraph
2788:
2783:
2779:
2777:0-473-06833-8
2773:
2769:
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2760:
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2649:
2647:
2640:
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2624:
2617:
2611:, p. 18.
2610:
2605:
2598:
2597:Axworthy 1995
2593:
2586:
2581:
2574:
2569:
2562:
2557:
2551:, p. 75.
2550:
2545:
2543:
2536:, p. 17.
2535:
2530:
2528:
2511:
2507:
2500:
2494:, p. 16.
2493:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2477:, p. 15.
2476:
2471:
2469:
2461:
2456:
2449:
2444:
2437:
2432:
2425:
2420:
2418:
2398:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2373:
2367:
2362:
2356:, p. 22.
2355:
2350:
2341:
2334:
2329:
2321:
2319:9781912680276
2315:
2311:
2310:
2302:
2296:, p. 16.
2295:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2277:, p. 19.
2276:
2271:
2269:
2262:, p. 14.
2261:
2256:
2250:, p. 13.
2249:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2229:, p. 10.
2228:
2223:
2217:, p. 13.
2216:
2211:
2205:, p. 17.
2204:
2199:
2197:
2190:, p. 19.
2189:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2172:
2167:
2161:, p. 60.
2160:
2155:
2140:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2117:
2115:
2107:
2102:
2100:
2093:Fletcher p 45
2090:
2083:
2078:
2071:
2066:
2059:
2054:
2045:
2038:
2033:
2026:
2021:
2014:
2009:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1978:
1972:, p. 98.
1971:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1942:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1907:
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1700:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1638:
1637:Romanian Army
1635:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1616:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1589:
1585:
1582:
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1523:
1522:
1521:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1476:Egyptian Army
1474:
1473:
1472:
1471:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1429:
1428:Canadian Army
1426:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1397:
1392:
1385:
1380:
1373:
1368:
1361:
1356:
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1256:
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1251:
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1249:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1207:Valentine CDL
1200:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1163:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1081:Valentine VII
1075:
1070:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1008:Close Support
1005:
997:
996:
995:
994:
993:Valentine III
986:
979:
978:diesel engine
975:
974:
973:
971:
964:
960:
956:
952:
951:
950:
948:
940:
931:
929:
925:
921:
911:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
877:
872:
868:
865:
861:
857:
853:
845:
840:
830:
827:November 2010
821:
817:
814:This section
812:
809:
805:
804:
799:Eastern Front
796:
793:
788:
784:
774:
772:
768:
764:
760:
750:
748:
744:
740:
730:
727:
722:
720:
708:
704:
702:
698:
694:
693:Cruiser Mk II
690:
686:
682:
671:
657:
640:
634:
631:
622:
618:
616:
612:
608:
602:
594:
585:
582:
579:
575:
571:
567:
562:
557:
555:
551:
546:
542:
538:
530:
525:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
495:
493:
487:
485:
484:infantry tank
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
411:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
384:infantry tank
381:
371:
363:
359:
353:
349:
341:
337:
333:
330:"Slow Motion"
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
296:
291:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
258:
255:
250:
244:
238:
234:
226:
222:
220:
216:
211:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
164:
160:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
126:
123:
119:
114:
111:
107:
103:
100:
96:
93:
89:
85:
82:
78:
74:
70:
65:
62:
59:
55:
52:
51:Infantry tank
49:
45:
40:
34:
29:
22:
19:
4630:Background:
4629:
4587:Type 5 To-Ku
4582:Type 5 Ke-Ho
4477:Nahuel DL 43
4452:Black Prince
4345:
4273:AC1 Sentinel
4195:M26 Pershing
4178:M3 Lee/Grant
4125:Type 4 Ke-Nu
4120:Type 2 Ka-Mi
4115:Type 2 Ke-To
4105:Panzer 35(t)
4040:M3/M5 Stuart
3957:Background:
3956:
3925:
3886:Hillman Gnat
3870:Black Prince
3810:
3706:
3650:
3626:
3602:S1 Scout Car
3539:
3531:
3523:
3515:
3508:Loyd Carrier
3478:
3438:
3387:
3373:
3363:Medium tanks
3347:
3263:Cruiser Mk I
3244:
3236:
3228:
3226:M3/M5 Stuart
3091:
3072:
3053:
3030:
3007:
2977:
2960:
2941:
2924:
2905:
2886:
2853:
2849:
2830:
2811:
2799:. Retrieved
2795:the original
2790:
2767:
2748:
2729:
2720:
2716:
2699:
2677:
2669:Bibliography
2668:
2667:
2655:
2644:
2639:
2622:
2616:
2604:
2592:
2585:Plowman 1985
2580:
2568:
2556:
2514:. Retrieved
2499:
2462:, p. 9.
2460:Newsome 2016
2455:
2443:
2436:Plowman 2001
2431:
2404:. Retrieved
2372:
2361:
2349:
2340:
2333:Newsome 2016
2328:
2308:
2301:
2294:Perrett 1981
2255:
2222:
2210:
2203:Newsome 2016
2171:Newsome 2016
2166:
2154:
2142:. Retrieved
2138:
2128:
2123:, p. 8.
2121:Newsome 2016
2108:, p. 9.
2089:
2082:Newsome 2016
2077:
2072:, p. 5.
2070:Newsome 2016
2065:
2058:Newsome 2016
2053:
2048:Fletcher p43
2044:
2039:, p. 1.
2032:
2027:, p. 3.
2020:
2015:, p. 2.
2008:
1996:. Retrieved
1990:
1977:
1952:
1951:
1941:
1932:
1923:
1914:
1905:
1904:
1883:
1867:
1844:
1837:
1830:
1803:
1689:
1684:Turkish Army
1667:
1652:Soviet Union
1642:
1621:
1593:
1568:
1536:
1530:
1527:Afrika Korps
1520:Nazi Germany
1510:
1489:
1460:
1433:
1411:
1410:
1329:
1328:
1319:
1318:
1308:
1307:
1293:
1292:
1278:
1277:
1261:
1260:
1247:
1246:
1233:
1232:
1220:
1219:
1206:
1205:
1195:
1194:
1181:Duplex Drive
1170:Valentine DD
1169:
1168:
1148:Valentine XI
1147:
1146:
1136:
1135:
1127:QF 6-Pounder
1111:Valentine IX
1110:
1109:
1100:
1099:
1090:
1089:
1080:
1079:
1051:Valentine VI
1050:
1049:
1036:
1035:
1023:Valentine IV
1022:
1021:
1007:
1003:
1002:
992:
991:
970:Valentine II
969:
968:
946:
945:
942:Valentine II
917:
881:
854:, headed by
849:
824:
820:adding to it
815:
780:
756:
736:
723:
715:
678:
665:North Africa
635:
627:
603:
599:
574:Commonwealth
558:
550:Soviet Union
535:
512:North Africa
504:cruiser tank
496:
488:
476:cruiser tank
461:
419:
417:
392:World War II
379:
377:
315:Transmission
307:Power/weight
243:QF 6-pounder
237:QF 2-pounder
139:Manufacturer
102:World War II
84:British Army
80:Used by
39:Patriot Park
18:
4356:Type 2 Ho-I
4060:Renault R40
4050:M24 Chaffee
4020:Toldi tanks
3950:New Zealand
3787:Bedford OXA
3242:M24 Chaffee
3193:Light tanks
2561:Zaloga 1981
2406:18 November
1871:Moray Firth
1546:New Zealand
1241:Mine Roller
1137:Valentine X
1037:Valentine V
947:Valentine I
783:Pacific War
701:Eighth Army
508:Eighth Army
458:Development
344:Operational
241:Mk VIII–X:
158: built
4672:Categories
4522:T20 medium
4416:Prototypes
4341:Matilda II
4283:Covenanter
4205:Panzer III
4183:M4 Sherman
4045:M22 Locust
3934:Australian
3930:lend-lease
3766:Guy Lizard
3682:Morris CS9
3573:Scout cars
3560:Scout cars
3343:Matilda II
3303:Challenger
3283:Covenanter
3234:M22 Locust
2801:25 October
2758:0668043040
2549:Banks 1946
2534:White 1969
2492:White 1969
2475:White 1969
2448:Cooke 2000
2424:White 1969
2275:White 1969
2260:White 1969
2248:White 1969
2227:White 1969
2106:White 1969
2037:White 1969
2013:White 1969
1998:6 December
1970:Forty 2006
1901:References
1833:Ahmednagar
1783:Valentine
1662:Lend-Lease
1227:Mine flail
1185:M4 Sherman
1131:Lend-Lease
1074:C. D. Howe
767:M4 Sherman
733:Madagascar
697:El Alamein
554:lend-lease
545:Wednesbury
518:Production
424:War Office
323:Suspension
235:Mk I–VII:
4547:T34 Heavy
4542:T32 Heavy
4537:T30 Heavy
4532:T29 Heavy
4517:T14 heavy
4507:Schofield
4502:Sahariano
4462:Excelsior
4346:Valentine
4336:Churchill
4210:Panzer IV
4173:M2 Medium
4100:Panzer II
3928:American
3891:Schofield
3881:Excelsior
3782:Armadillo
3454:anti-tank
3414:artillery
3379:Grizzly I
3371:Grant/Lee
3353:Churchill
3348:Valentine
3338:Matilda I
2933:220159206
2878:159715267
2708:634031734
2631:1765-0828
2344:White p19
1953:Citations
1875:Poole Bay
1407:Operators
1239:Armoured
1155:OQF 75 mm
1117:mobility.
846:flat cars
747:Tetrarchs
745:with six
420:Valentine
261:Secondary
252:Mk IIICS
150:1940–1944
75:1940–1960
4406:Tiger II
4328:Infantry
4293:Cavalier
4288:Crusader
4095:Panzer I
4090:Tetrarch
3938:Canadian
3907:Tortoise
3754:vehicles
3545:Terrapin
3503:Kangaroo
3495:carriers
3319:Sentinel
3293:Cavalier
3288:Crusader
3006:(1989).
2969:54349409
2870:30052890
2698:(1946).
2660:Day 2012
2510:Archived
1889:See also
1855:Glasnost
1847:Telepyne
1658:Red Army
1603:Portugal
934:Variants
924:Bren gun
570:Montreal
442:Limited
366:Steering
298:131–210
263:armament
249:QF 75 mm
231:armament
147:Produced
131:Designed
121:Designer
88:Red Army
41:, Russia
4693:Vickers
4597:Verdeja
4592:Valiant
4427:44M Tas
4401:Tiger I
4396:KV tank
4374:IS tank
4313:Grizzly
4265:Cruiser
4065:NI tank
4025:KhTZ-16
3912:Valiant
3865:Avenger
3385:Sherman
2516:30 June
1992:YouTube
1851:Ukraine
1631:Romania
1482:during
1340:Gallery
1320:Burmark
1289:turret.
999:weight.
892:T-34-85
781:In the
777:Pacific
761:by the
651:⁄
639:Meadows
609:with a
444:Elswick
436:acronym
408:Vickers
396:riveted
390:during
382:was an
247:Mk XI:
245:(57 mm)
239:(40 mm)
4648:Portal
4447:AMX 40
4200:P26/40
4168:M15/42
4163:M14/41
4158:M13/40
4153:M11/39
4135:Medium
3942:Indian
3844:Alecto
3471:Archer
3461:Deacon
3444:Sexton
3436:Priest
3431:Bishop
3098:
3079:
3060:
3041:
3018:
2984:
2967:
2948:
2931:
2912:
2893:
2876:
2868:
2837:
2818:
2774:
2755:
2736:
2706:
2684:
2629:
2316:
2144:29 May
1787:, 2014
1771:, 2009
1755:, 1987
1696:
1677:Turkey
1674:
1649:
1628:
1600:
1578:Poland
1575:
1543:
1517:
1496:
1467:
1440:
1421:Canada
1418:
1202:units.
1139:(135)
1058:glacis
963:turret
914:Cyprus
904:Kalgan
878:, 1943
771:Archer
719:France
611:Tannoy
561:Canada
552:under
482:of an
480:armour
446:&
368:system
290:diesel
285:petrol
279:Mk I:
276:Engine
219:Armour
195:Height
179:Length
4366:Heavy
4308:Comet
4030:L6/40
4012:Light
3944:, SA
3924:Key:
3902:TOG 2
3897:TOG 1
3792:Bison
3423:field
3308:Comet
3184:Tanks
2874:S2CID
2866:JSTOR
2719:[
2400:(PDF)
1906:Notes
1470:Egypt
908:China
630:troop
346:range
187:Width
4562:TOG2
4557:TOG1
4552:T-43
4442:AELT
4389:IS-3
4384:IS-2
4379:IS-1
4351:T-50
4235:T-44
4230:T-34
4085:T-70
4080:T-60
4075:T-40
4070:T-26
3948:, ¶
3940:, §
3936:, ‡
3932:, †
3096:ISBN
3077:ISBN
3058:ISBN
3039:ISBN
3035:HMSO
3016:ISBN
3012:HMSO
2982:ISBN
2965:OCLC
2946:ISBN
2929:OCLC
2910:ISBN
2891:ISBN
2835:ISBN
2816:ISBN
2803:2012
2772:ISBN
2753:ISBN
2734:ISBN
2704:OCLC
2682:ISBN
2627:ISSN
2518:2009
2408:2010
2314:ISBN
2146:2021
2000:2020
1682:The
1608:The
1499:Iran
1179:'s "
896:Gobi
466:and
438:for
414:Name
400:USSR
378:The
229:Main
203:Crew
171:Mass
134:1938
98:Wars
47:Type
4527:T28
4497:PPG
4482:O-I
4437:AC4
4318:Ram
3832:AC4
3827:A20
3562:and
3313:Ram
2858:doi
955:AEC
906:in
902:to
822:.
687:in
568:in
510:in
472:A11
468:A10
426:on
281:AEC
156:No.
4674::
4634:,
3961:,
3037:.
3033:.
3014:.
3010:.
2872:.
2864:.
2854:71
2852:.
2789:.
2541:^
2526:^
2508:.
2482:^
2467:^
2416:^
2381:^
2282:^
2267:^
2234:^
2195:^
2178:^
2137:.
2113:^
2098:^
1989:.
1960:^
1849:,
1010:)
910:.
644:19
556:.
464:A9
300:hp
90:,
86:,
4650::
4418:,
3996:e
3989:t
3982:v
3926:*
3893:¶
3877:¶
3851:†
3840:†
3834:†
3811:*
3799:‡
3740:‡
3707:*
3700:†
3689:†
3668:§
3651:*
3644:‡
3627:*
3604:†
3598:‡
3587:†
3540:*
3532:*
3524:*
3516:*
3479:*
3446:‡
3439:*
3388:*
3381:‡
3374:*
3321:†
3315:‡
3245:*
3237:*
3229:*
3164:e
3157:t
3150:v
3104:.
3085:.
3066:.
3047:.
3024:.
2990:.
2971:.
2954:.
2935:.
2918:.
2899:.
2880:.
2860::
2843:.
2824:.
2805:.
2780:.
2761:.
2742:.
2710:.
2690:.
2662:.
2648:,
2633:.
2575:.
2520:.
2438:.
2426:.
2410:.
2322:.
2148:.
2002:.
1533:.
1064:.
1006:(
829:)
825:(
653:2
649:1
646:+
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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