Vanuatu - Knowledge

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3,038 million vatu, and included copra (485), kava (442), cocoa (221), beef (fresh and chilled) (180), timber (80) and fish (live fish, aquarium, shell, button) (28). Total imports of 20,472 million vatu included industrial materials (4,261), food and drink (3,984), machinery (3,087), consumer goods (2,767), transport equipment (2,125), fuels and lubricants (187) and other imports (4,060). There are substantial numbers of crop gardens – 97,888 in 2007 – many on flat land (62%), slightly hilly slope (31%), and even on steep slopes (7%); there were 33,570 households with at least one crop garden, and of these, 10,788 households sold some of these crops over a twelve-month period.

3472: 2357: 179: 1519: 2010: 2569: 1879: 1369:". At the height of the labour trade, more than one-half the adult male population of several of the islands worked abroad. Because of this, and the poor conditions and abuse often faced by workers, as well the introduction of common diseases to which native Ni-Vanuatu had no immunity, the population of Vanuatu declined severely, with the current population being greatly reduced compared to pre-contact times. Greater oversight of the trade saw it gradually wind down, with Australia barring any further 'blackbird' labourers in 1906, followed by Fiji and Samoa in 1910 and 1913 respectively. 1665:(UCNH) on Efate. The parties aligned on linguistic and religious lines: the NHNP was seen as the party of Anglophone Protestants, and were backed by the British who wished to exit the colony altogether, whereas the MANH, UCNH, Nagriamel and others (collectively known as the 'Moderates') represented Catholic Francophone interests, and a more gradual path to independence. France backed these groups as they were keen to maintain their influence in the region, most especially in their mineral-rich colony of New Caledonia where they were attempting to suppress an independence movement. 1728:, took over the island's government in January and declared the independent Republic of Vemarana, prompting VP supporters to flee and the central government to institute a blockade. In May, an abortive Moderate rebellion broke out on Tanna, in the course of which one of their leaders was shot and killed. The British and French sent in troops in July in a bid to forestall the Vemarana secessionists. Still ambivalent about independence, the French effectively neutered the force, prompting a collapse of law and order on Espiritu Santo resulting in large scale looting. 1499:, it was a unique form of government with two separate governmental, legal, judicial and financial systems that came together only in a Joint Court. Land expropriation and exploitation of Ni-Vanuatu workers on plantations continued apace. In an effort to curb the worst of the abuses, and with the support of the missionaries, the Condominium's authority was extended via the Anglo-French Protocol of 1914, although this was not formally ratified until 1922. While this resulted in some improvements, labour abuses continued, and Ni-Vanuatu were barred from acquiring the 11208: 3562: 3046: 1215: 1473: 789: 86: 3335: 10222: 3084: 1609: 619: 3746: 12139: 10944: 72: 1092: 2167: 2697:(VMF). Altogether there were 547 police officers organised into two main police commands: one in Port Vila and one in Luganville. In addition to the two command stations there were four secondary police stations and eight police posts. This means that there are many islands with no police presence, and many parts of islands where getting to a police post can take several days. There is no purely military expenditure. In 2017, Vanuatu signed the UN 1515:) came to work in the plantations in the New Hebrides. By 1929, there were some 6,000 Vietnamese people in the New Hebrides. There was some social and political unrest among them in the 1940s due to the poor working conditions and the social effects of Allied troops, who were generally more sympathetic to their plight than the planters. Most Vietnamese were repatriated in 1946 and 1963, though a small Vietnamese community remains in Vanuatu today. 3732: 1834:, and the UMP instituting a more free market approach to the economy, cutting the public sector, improving opportunities for Francophone Ni-Vanuatu and renewing ties with France. The government struggled with splits in their NUP coalition partner and a series of strikes within the Civil Service in 1993–1994, the latter dealt with by a wave of firings. Financial scandals dogged both Korman and Vohor, with the latter implicated in a scheme to sell 2850: 3163: 1681: 3061:. On average, each household has 5 pigs and 16 chickens, and while cattle are the "most important livestock", pigs and chickens are important for subsistence agriculture as well as playing a significant role in ceremonies and customs (especially pigs). There are 30 commercial farms (sole proprietorships (37%), partnerships (23%), corporations (17%)), with revenues of 533 million vatu and expenses of 329 million vatu in 2007. 10090: 644: 3629: 1921:(PPP) ousted Natapei in another no confidence vote in December 2010. He was removed in the same manner by Vohor's UMP in April 2011. This was invalidated on a technical point and he returned as PM. The Chief Justice then overturned his victory. Natapei returned to power for ten days, until Parliament voted in Kilman again. Kilman managed to remain in office for two years, before being ousted in March 2013. 2716: 3171: 1354:, highly valued as an incense in China where it could be traded for tea, resulted in rush of incomers that ended in 1830 after a clash between immigrant Polynesian workers and indigenous Ni-Vanuatu. Further sandalwood trees were found on Efate, Espiritu Santo, and Aneityum, prompting a series of boom and busts, though supplies were essentially exhausted by the mid-1860s, and the trade largely ceased. 10693: 3422:, fit the description exactly and is therefore revered as a god around the isle of Tanna. After Philip died, an anthropologist familiar with the group, said that after their period of mourning the group would probably transfer their veneration to King Charles III, who had visited Vanuatu in 2018 and met with some of the tribal leaders. 1913:, with Natapei returning to power as Vanuatu politics entered a period of turmoil. There were frequent attempts by the opposition to unseat Natapei via the use of no confidence votes – though unsuccessful, he was briefly removed on a procedural technicality in November 2009, an action that was then overturned by the Chief Justice. 2144:

near-shore fish species. While well-vegetated, most islands show signs of deforestation. The islands have been logged, particularly of high-value timber, subjected to wide-scale slash-and-burn agriculture, and converted to coconut plantations and cattle ranches, and now show evidence of increased soil erosion and landslides.

1600:, whereby Ni-Vanuatu hoped that by returning to traditional values whilst mimicking aspects of the American presence that 'cargo' (i.e. large quantities of American goods) would be delivered to them. Meanwhile, the Condominium government returned, though understaffed and underfunded, it struggled to reassert its authority. 3972: 1427:. Presbyterian missionaries are particularly successful on Aneityum, though less so on Tanna, with missionaries being repeatedly chased off the island by locals throughout the 1840s–60s. The waves of illnesses and deaths the missionaries brought with them may have been partly to blame for the hostile response. 1560:. The American presence effectively sidelined the Anglo-French authorities for the duration of their stay, with the Americans' more tolerant and friendly attitude to the Ni-Vanuatu, informal habits, relative wealth, and the presence of African American troops serving with a degree of equality (albeit in a 1453:(CCNH) I. 1882 by John Higginson (a fiercely pro-French Irishman), which soon tipped the balance in favour of French subjects. The French government took over the CCNH in 1894 and actively encouraged French settlement. By 1906, French settlers (at 401) outnumbered the British (228), almost two to one. 3125:

for about $ 150,000. With demand from the Chinese market booming, passport sales may now account for more than 30% of the country's revenue. Such schemes have been shown to raise ethical problems, and have been involved in some political scandals. On 19 July 2023, Vanuatu lost UK visa-free access due

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Tourism brings in much-needed foreign exchange. Vanuatu is widely recognised as one of the premier vacation destinations for scuba divers wishing to explore coral reefs of the South Pacific region. A further significant attraction to scuba divers is the wreck of the US ocean liner and converted troop

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Karen Bell is the new British High Commissioner to Vanuatu. The British High Commission to Vanuatu, located in Port Vila, was reopened in the summer of 2019 as part of the UK Government's 'Pacific Uplift' strategy. The British Friends of Vanuatu, based in London, provides support for Vanuatu visitors

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the UMP were unseated by the VP under Donald Kalpokas. He lasted only a year, resigning when threatened with a no confidence vote, replaced by Barak Sopé of the MPP in 1999, himself unseated in a no confidence vote in 2001. Despite the political uncertainty Vanuatu's economy continued to grow in this

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on 7 December 1941, the United States joined the war on the Allied side; Japan soon advanced rapidly throughout Melanesia and was in possession of much of what is now Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands by April 1942, leaving the New Hebrides on the frontline of any further advance. To forestall

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Over time, it is thought that the Lapita either mixed with, or acted as pioneers for, migrants coming from the Bismarks and elsewhere in Melanesia, ultimately producing the darker-skinned physiognomy that is typical of modern Ni-Vanuatu. Linguistically, the Lapita peoples' Austronesian languages were

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The Vanuatu National Statistics Office (VNSO) released their 2007 agricultural census in 2008. According to the study, agricultural exports make up about three-quarters (73%) of all exports; 80% of the population lives in rural areas where "agriculture is the main source of their livelihood"; and of

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Wharf. China loaned and funded the $ 114 million redevelopment of the wharf, which has already been constructed, with the capacity to dock naval vessels. In July 2024, China built three governmental buildings, including the new presidential palace, supposedly as a free donation to Vanuatu; this

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Vanuatu has a long rainy season, with significant rainfall almost every month. The wettest and hottest months are December through April, which also constitutes the cyclone season. The driest months are June through November. Rainfall averages about 2,360 millimetres (93 in) per year but can be

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mining were established. Ni-Vanuatu began gradually to take over more positions of power and influence within the economy and the church. Despite this, the British and French still dominated the politics of the colony, with an Advisory Council set up in 1957 containing some Ni-Vanuatu representation

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Decolonisation began sweeping the European empires after the war, and from the 1950s the Condominium government began a somewhat belated campaign of modernisation and economic development. Hospitals were built, doctors trained and immunisation campaigns carried out. The inadequate mission-run school

1297:, trading with the native people in a peaceful manner, though Bougainville stated that they were later attacked, necessitating him to fire warning shots with his muskets, before his crew left and continued their voyage. In July–September 1774 the islands were explored extensively by British explorer 1274:

Despite Queirós's intention, relations with the Ni-Vanuatu turned violent within days. The Spanish subsequent attempts to make contact were met with the islanders fleeing or leading the explorers into an ambush. Many of the crew, including Queirós, were also suffering from ill health, with Queirós's

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Over time, the Lapita culture lost much of its early unity; as such, it became increasingly fragmented, the precise reasons for which are unclear. Over the centuries, pottery, settlement and burial practices in Vanuatu all evolved in a more localised direction, with long-distance trade and migration

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about Vanuatu's economy gave mixed reviews. It noted the economy was "expanding", noting that the economy grew at an impressive 5.9% rate from 2003 to 2007, and lauded "positive signals regarding reform initiatives from the government in some areas" but described certain binding constraints such as

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Agriculture is used for consumption as well as for export. It provides a living for 65% of the population. In particular, production of copra and kava create substantial revenue. Many farmers have been abandoning cultivation of food crops and use earnings from kava cultivation to buy food. Kava has

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The climate is tropical, with about nine months of warm to hot rainy weather and the possibility of cyclones and three to four months of cooler, drier weather characterised by winds from the southeast. The water temperature ranges from 22 °C (72 °F) in winter to 28 °C (82 °F) in

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Many upland watersheds are being deforested and degraded, and fresh water is becoming increasingly scarce. Proper waste disposal, as well as water and air pollution, are becoming troublesome issues around urban areas and large villages. Additionally, the lack of employment opportunities in industry

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on a platform of opposing any further land clearances and gradual, Ni-Vanuatu-led, economic development. The movement gained a large following, prompting a crackdown by the authorities, with Buluk and Stevens being arrested in 1967. Upon their release, they began to press for complete independence.

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At the peak of the deployment, some 50,000 Americans were stationed on the two military bases, outnumbering the native population of roughly 40,000, with thousands more Allied troops passing through the islands at some point. A small Ni-Vanuatu force of some 200 men (the New Hebrides Defence Force)

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This linguistic hyperdiversity resulted from a number of factors: continuing waves of migration, the existence of numerous decentralised and generally self-sufficient communities, hostilities between people groups, with none able to dominate any of the others, and the difficult geography of Vanuatu

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island. Sunk during World War II, it is one of the largest shipwrecks in the world that is accessible for recreational diving. Tourism increased 17% from 2007 to 2008 to reach 196,134 arrivals, according to one estimate. The 2008 total is a sharp increase from 2000, in which there were only 57,000

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In 2018, newspaper reports from Australia indicated growing concern about the level of Chinese investment in Vanuatu, with over 50% of the country's debt of $ 440 million owed to China. Concern was focused on the possibility that China would use Vanuatu's potential inability to repay debt as

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Vanuatu's total area is roughly 12,274 square kilometres (4,739 sq mi), of which its land surface is very limited (roughly 4,700 square kilometres (1,800 sq mi)). Most of the islands are steep, with unstable soils and little permanent freshwater. One estimate, made in 2005, is

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for the sole purpose of protecting French and British citizens, with no claim to jurisdiction over internal native affairs. Hostilities between settlers and Ni-Vanuatu were commonplace, often centring on disputes over land which had been purchased in dubious circumstances. There was pressure from

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The history of Vanuatu before European colonisation is mostly obscure because of the lack of written sources up to that point, and because only limited archaeological work has been conducted; Vanuatu's volatile geology and climate is also likely to have destroyed or hidden many prehistoric sites.

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Trade in citizenship for investment has been an increasingly significant source of revenue for Vanuatu in recent years. The sale of what is called "honorary citizenship" in Vanuatu has been on offer for several years under the Capital Investment Immigration Plan and more recently the Development

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Besides national authorities and figures, Vanuatu also has high-placed people at the village level. Chiefs continue to be the leading figures at the village level. It has been reported that even politicians need to oblige them. In northern Vanuatu, feasts are graded through the nimangki system.

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took place in November 1975, resulting in an overall victory for the NHNP. The Moderates disputed the results, with Jimmy Stevens threatening to secede and declare independence. The Condominium's Resident Commissioners decided to postpone the opening of the Assembly, though the two sides proved

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visitors (of these, 37,000 were from Australia, 8,000 from New Zealand, 6,000 from New Caledonia, 3,000 from Europe, 1,000 from North America, 1,000 from Japan. Tourism has been promoted, in part, by Vanuatu being the site of several reality-TV shows. The ninth season of the reality TV series

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of either power, being officially stateless. The underfunded Condominium government proved dysfunctional, with the duplication of administrations making effective governance difficult and time-consuming. Education, healthcare and other such services were left in the hands of the missionaries.

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Vanuatu's population (estimated in 2008 as growing 2.4% annually) is placing increasing pressure on land and resources for agriculture, grazing, hunting, and fishing. 90% of Vanuatu households fish and consume fish, which has caused intense fishing pressure near villages and the depletion of

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The largest expenditure by households was food (300 million vatu), followed by household appliances and other necessities (79 million vatu), transportation (59), education and services (56), housing (50), alcohol and tobacco (39), clothing and footwear (17). Exports were valued at

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to the UK, and can often offer advice and contacts to persons seeking information about Vanuatu or wishing to visit, and welcomes new members (not necessarily resident in the UK). The association's Charitable Trust funds small scale assistance in the education and training sector.

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resulting in frequent changes of prime ministers. The democratic system as a whole has been maintained and Vanuatu remains a peaceful and reasonably prosperous state. Throughout most of the 1990s the UMP were in power, the prime ministership switching between UMP rivals Korman and

1998: 162: 160: 1701:(VP) in 1977, and now supported immediate independence under a strong central government and an Anglicisation of the islands. The Moderates meanwhile supported a more gradual transition to independence and a federal system, plus the maintenance of French as an official language. 166: 161: 159: 167: 163: 2551:

Since 1980, Australia, the United Kingdom, France and New Zealand have provided the bulk of Vanuatu's development aid. Direct aid from the UK to Vanuatu ceased in 2005 following the decision by the UK to no longer focus on the Pacific. More recently, new donors such as the

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that until 2008 did not release account information to other governments or law-enforcement agencies. International pressure, mainly from Australia, influenced the Vanuatu government to begin adhering to international norms to improve transparency. In Vanuatu, there is no

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have been providing increased amounts of aid funding and loans. In 2005 the MCA announced that Vanuatu was one of the first 15 countries in the world selected to receive support – an amount of US$ 65 million was given for the provision and upgrading of key pieces of

3964: 10123:– In 1981, Anthropologist Joan Larcom travelled with Photographer Ann Skinner-Jones to Vanuatu to create a photographic essay of the people and culture during the first anniversary of the country's independence from France and the United Kingdom. UC San Diego Library. 2887:

mining halted in 1978, there was an agreement in 2006 to export manganese already mined but not yet exported. The country has no known petroleum deposits. A small light-industry sector caters to the local market. Tax revenues come mainly from import duties and a 15%

3107:"poor infrastructure services". Since a private monopoly generates power, "electricity costs are among the highest in the Pacific" among developing countries. The report also cited "weak governance and intrusive interventions by the State" that reduced productivity. 2900:

In 2007, the number of households engaged in fishing was 15,758, mainly for consumption (99%), and the average number of fishing trips was 3 per week. The tropical climate enables growing of a wide range of fruits and vegetables and spices, including banana, garlic,

2200:. Flying foxes are important rainforest and timber regenerators. They pollinate and disperse seed from a variety of native trees. Their diet is nectar, pollen and fruit and they are commonly called "fruit bats". They are in decline across their South Pacific range. 1853:

following allegations of financial impropriety, prompting the government to declare a brief state of emergency. A Comprehensive Reform Program was enacted in the 1998 with the aim of improving economic performance and cracking down on government corruption. At the

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figures. The rate of primary school enrolment rose from 74.5% in 1989 to 78.2% in 1999 and then to 93.0% in 2004 but then fell to 85.4% in 2007. The proportion of pupils completing a primary education fell from 90% in 1991 to 72% in 2004 and up to 78% in 2012.

1909:. Lini switched back recognition to the People's Republic of China, and the PRC remains a major aid donor to the Vanuatu government. In 2007, violent clashes broke out in Port Vila between migrants from Tanna and Ambrym, in which two people died. Lini lost the 1672:

status. A mini-building boom took off in Port Vila and, following the building of a deep-sea wharf, cruise ship tourism grew rapidly, with annual arrivals reaching 40,000 by 1977. The boom encouraged increasing urbanisation and the populations of Port Vila and

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and has 52 members, who are elected by popular vote every four years unless earlier dissolved by a majority vote of a three-quarters quorum or by a directive from the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. Forty-four of these MPs are elected through

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of the Parliament. The Prime Minister, in turn, appoints the Council of Ministers, whose number may not exceed a quarter of the number of parliamentary representatives. The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers constitute the executive government.

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living in Vanuatu's mangroves and no current breeding population. It is said the crocodiles reached the northern part of the islands after cyclones, given the island chain's proximity to the Solomon Islands and New Guinea, where crocodiles are common.

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More recently the music of Vanuatu, as an industry, grew rapidly in the 1990s and several bands have forged a distinctive ni-Vanuatu identity. Popular genres of modern commercial music, which are currently being played in the urban areas include

1654:(NHNP), which also focused on achieving independence and opposition to land expropriation. The NNDP first came to prominence in 1971, when the Condominium government was forced to intervene after a rash of land speculation by foreign nationals. 1034:. The formerly widespread idea that Vanuatu might have been only marginally affected by this culture was rendered obsolete by the evidence uncovered in recent decades at numerous sites on most of the islands in the archipelago, ranging from the 3486:

Vanuatu culture retains a strong diversity through local regional variations and through foreign influence. Vanuatu may be divided into three major cultural regions. In the north, wealth is established by how much one can give away, through a

2949: – the official currency of Vanuatu), for agricultural products, was estimated for different products: kava (341 million vatu), copra (195), cattle (135), crop gardens (93), cocoa (59), forestry (56), fishing (24) and coffee (12). 1932:, was the first non-Ni-Vanuatu to hold the position (Kalosil is of mixed French-Tahitian ancestry and a naturalised Vanuatu citizen). Kalosil instituted a review of the sale of diplomatic passports and publicly declared his support for the 1697:

unable to agree on a solution, prompting protests and counter-protests, some of which turned violent. After discussions and some fresh elections in disputed areas, the Assembly finally convened in November 1976. The NHNP renamed itself the

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system was taken over and improved, with primary enrollment greatly increasing to be near-universal by 1970. There was greater oversight of the plantations, with worker exploitation being clamped down on and Ni-Vanuatu paid higher wages.

1806:(NUP). Meanwhile, the economy had entered a downturn, with foreign investors and foreign aid put off by Lini's flirtation with Communist states and tourist numbers down due to the political turmoil, compounded by a crash in the price of 3072:, leaving thousands homeless. Another powerful earthquake in January 2002 caused extensive damage in the capital, Port Vila, and surrounding areas, and was also followed by a tsunami. Another earthquake of 7.2 struck on 2 August 2007. 1704:

In March 1977, a joint Anglo-French and Ni-Vanuatu conference was held in London, at which it was agreed to hold fresh Assembly elections and later an independence referendum in 1980; the VP boycotted the conference and the subsequent

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in 1940 allowed Britain to gain a greater level of authority on the islands. The Australian military stationed a 2,000-strong force on Malakula in a bid to protect Australia from a possible Japanese invasion. Following the Japanese

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The jumbling of French and British interests in the islands and the near lawlessness prevalent there brought petitions for one or both of the two powers to annex the territory. The Convention of 16 October 1887 established a

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impacted much of Vanuatu as a Category 5 severe tropical cyclone, causing deaths and extensive damage to all the islands. As of 17 March 2015 the United Nations said the official death toll was 11 (six from

1069:. Several ancient burial sites have been excavated, most notably Teouma on Éfaté, which has a large ancient cemetery containing the remains of 94 individuals. There are also sites – on Éfaté and on the adjacent islands of 3656:, and sweet potatoes are abundant through much of the year. Coconut milk and coconut cream are used to flavour many dishes. Most food is cooked using hot stones or through boiling and steaming; very little food is fried. 7547: 2127:

is common, with an ever-present danger of a major eruption; a nearby undersea eruption of 6.4 magnitude occurred in November 2008 with no casualties, and an eruption occurred in 1945. Vanuatu is recognised as a distinct

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According to the 2009 census, Vanuatu had a population of 243,304. Men outnumber women, with the population consisting of 119,091 men and 114,932 women in 2009. The population is predominantly rural, but Port Vila and

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Raising cattle leads to beef production for export. One estimate in 2007 for the total value of cattle heads sold was 135 million vatu; cattle were first introduced into the area from Australia by British planter

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Tensions continued throughout 1980. Violent confrontations occurred between VP and Moderate supporters on several islands. On Espiritu Santo Nagriamel and Moderate activists under Jimmy Stevens, funded by the American

3495:, are considered a symbol of wealth throughout Vanuatu. In the centre, more traditional Melanesian cultural systems dominate. In the south, a system involving grants of title with associated privileges has developed. 1947:

A corruption investigation in 2015 resulted in the conviction of numerous MPs in Kilman's government for bribery, including former PM Moana Carcasses Kalosil. His authority was severely weakened, and Kilman lost the

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on goods and services. Economic development is hindered by dependence on relatively few commodity exports, vulnerability to natural disasters, and long distances between constituent islands and from main markets.

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or West Papua region, which has been part of Indonesia since 1963, and requested that the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights produce a report as more than 100,000 Papuans allegedly have died during decades of

7516: 1802:, subsequently declared himself to be VP leader, splitting the party in two. On 6 September 1991 a vote of no confidence removed Lini from power; Kalpokas became prime minister, and Lini formed a new party, the 2421:

consists of a chief justice and up to three other judges. Two or more members of this court may constitute a Court of Appeal. Magistrate courts handle most routine legal matters. The legal system is based on

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tribe believed in an ancient story about the pale-skinned son of a mountain spirit venturing across the seas to look for a powerful woman to marry. Prince Philip, having visited the island with his new wife

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comprise most of the country's Asian population. Although the Vietnamese community has declined from 10% of Vanuatu's population in 1929 to about 0.3% (or 1,000 individuals) today, it remains influential.

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The economic development had unintended consequences. In the 1960s, many planters began fencing off and clearing large areas of bushland for cattle ranching, which were often deemed to be communally-held

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in 1943 the New Hebrides lost their strategic importance, and the Americans withdrew in 1945, selling much of their equipment at bargain prices and dumping the rest in the sea, at a place now called

6476: 157: 6583: 1446:. Initially British subjects from Australia made up the majority of settlers, but with little support from the British government they frequently struggled to make a success of their settlements. 13146: 7932: 4459:

Gao, Chaochao; Robock, Alan; Self, Stephen; Witter, Jeffrey B.; J. P. Steffenson; Henrik Brink Clausen; Marie-Louise Siggaard-Andersen; Sigfus Johnsen; Paul A. Mayewski; Caspar Ammann (2006).

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in November. They set up a parallel 'People's Provisional Government' which had de facto control of many areas, prompting violent confrontations with Moderates and the Condominium government.

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held in November 1979, which the VP won with a comfortable majority. Independence was now scheduled for 30 July 1980. Performing less well than expected, the Moderates disputed the results.

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as high as 4,000 millimetres (160 in) in the northern islands. According to the WorldRiskIndex 2021, Vanuatu ranks first among the countries with the highest disaster risk worldwide.

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this, from May 1942 US troops were stationed on the islands, where they built airstrips, roads, military bases and an array of other supporting infrastructure on Efate and Espiritu Santo.

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the summer. Cool between April and September, the days become hotter and more humid starting in October. The daily temperature ranges from 20–32 °C (68–90 °F). Southeasterly

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is thought to be indigenous, the large species arrived with Europeans, as did domesticated hogs, dogs, and cattle. The ant species of some of the islands of Vanuatu were catalogued by

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and inaccessibility to markets have combined to lock rural families into a subsistence or self-reliance mode, putting tremendous pressure on local ecosystems. The country had a 2019

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The stories about Roy Mata come from local oral tradition and are consistent with centuries-old evidence uncovered at archaeological sites. The Lapita sites became Vanuatu's first

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Bedford, Stuart; Spriggs, Matthew (2008). "Northern Vanuatu as a Pacific Crossroads: The Archaeology of Discovery, Interaction, and the Emergence of the "Ethnographic Present"".

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The growth of Bislama as a first language has considerably encroached on the indigenous languages, whose use receded from 73.1% to 63.2% of the population between 1999 and 2009.

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The provinces are in turn divided into municipalities (usually consisting of an individual island) headed by a council and a mayor elected from among the members of the council.

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on Erromango in 1839. Despite this, they pressed on, resulting in many conversions. To the consternation of the Europeans, Ni-Vanuatu syncretised Christianity with traditional

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Archaeological evidence gathered since the 1980s supports the theory that the Vanuatuan islands were first settled about 3,000 years ago, in the period roughly between 1100

7300: 8956: 8644: 7650: 3027:, have chosen to incorporate in Vanuatu to avoid regulation and legal challenges. In response to foreign concerns the government has promised to tighten regulation of its 6119: 7508: 7069: 4391: 4044: 5654: 4331: 2616:(in particular France), the UK and New Zealand. Australia now provides the bulk of external assistance, including to the police force, which has a paramilitary wing. 1081:. (This may be a title held by different men over several generations.) Roy Mata is said to have united local clans and instituted and presided over an era of peace. 9030: 7691: 6292: 3110:

Vanuatu was ranked the 173rd safest investment destination in the world in the March 2011 Euromoney Country Risk rankings. In 2015, Vanuatu was ranked the 84th most

9124: 7122: 6553: 5877: 5624: 8822: 3309:, are spoken in Vanuatu. The density of languages, per capita, is the highest of any nation in the world, with an average of only 2,000 speakers per language. All 1936:

independence movement, a move supported by former PMs Kilman and Carlot Korman. Kalosil was ousted in another confidence vote in 2014, with the VP returning under

528: 7570: 6174: 5524: 5445: 5423: 5401: 5379: 5313: 4437: 1657:

Meanwhile, French settlers, and Francophone and mixed-race Ni-Vanuatu, established two separate parties on a platform of more gradual political development – the

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Vanuatu has been divided into six provinces since 1994. The names in English of all provinces are derived from the initial letters of their constituent islands:

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are other common denominations, each claiming about 15% of the population. According to its 2022 facts and statistics, 3.6% of the population belongs to the

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patterns contracting. Nevertheless, some limited long-distance trade did continue, with similar cultural practices and late-period items also being found in

8768: 7171: 6538: 3457:, an educational institution co-owned by twelve Pacific countries. The campus in Port Vila, known as the Emalus Campus, houses the university's law school. 2104:

that only 9% of land is used for agriculture (7% with permanent crops, plus 2% considered arable). The shoreline is mostly rocky with fringing reefs and no

1434:, the first of these being Henry Ross Lewin on Tanna in 1865 (which he later abandoned). When international cotton prices collapsed after the ending of the 8848: 5677: 1561: 6274: 5221: 13186: 8155: 7924: 6591: 6468: 1139:, and banana, as well as domesticated animals such as pigs and chickens. Their arrival is coincident with the extinction of several species, such as the 952:

An independence movement arose in the 1970s, and the Republic of Vanuatu was founded in 1980. Since independence, the country has become a member of the

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spoken natively in urban areas. Combining a typical Melanesian grammar and phonology with an almost entirely English-derived vocabulary, Bislama is the

1668:

Meanwhile, economic development continued, with numerous banks and financial centres opening up in the early 1970s to take advantage of the territory's

13151: 10973: 10204: 10111: 6390: 3865: 13131: 10908: 8017: 1779:. Opposition to Lini's tight grip on power grew and in 1987, after he had suffered a stroke whilst on a visit to the United States, a section of the 1449:

French planters also began arriving, beginning with Ferdinand Chevillard on Efate in 1880, and later in larger numbers following the creation of the

8489: 6774: 6376: 6220: 12937: 9062: 8265: 3827: 3283:. The principal languages of education are English and French. The use of English or French as the formal language is split along political lines. 504: 12047: 9225: 7962: 7244: 3253:

Support Plan. People from mainland China make up the bulk of those who have purchased honorary citizenship, entitling them to a Vanuatu passport.

2529: 2032:

The fourteen of Vanuatu's islands that have surface areas of more than 100 square kilometres (39 sq mi) are, from largest to smallest:

9471: 8181: 6606: 3895: 2372:, which declares that the "head of the Republic shall be known as the President and shall symbolise the unity of the nation." The powers of the 12911: 11540: 2219:

animal in the 1960s. There are eleven species of bats (three unique to Vanuatu) and sixty-one species of land and water birds. While the small

963: 454: 8514: 7836: 5801: 4517: 11462: 10966: 8612: 7898: 7337: 6013: 12042: 9203: 6046: 3206:

descent, with the remainder made up of a mix of Europeans, Asians and other Pacific islanders. Three islands were historically colonised by

1275:

mental state also deteriorating. The settlement was abandoned after a month, with Queirós continuing his search for the southern continent.

13171: 13141: 12683: 12678: 12184: 9336: 7419: 4461:"The 1452 or 1453 A.D. Kuwae eruption signal derived from multiple ice core records: Greatest volcanic sulfate event of the past 700 years" 3917: 2698: 655: 7853: 6498: 5143: 4353: 1585: 1195:

that impeded inter- and intra-island travel and communication. The geological record also shows that a huge volcanic eruption occurred on

13126: 12088: 9601: 7817: 7624: 7452: 5770: 5049: 3359: 938: 9568: 8900: 8545: 7729: 5295: 4991: 4717:

Where the whalers went; an index to the Pacific ports and islands visited by American whalers (and some other ships) in the 19th century

4693: 3076:

these households, almost all (99%) engaged in agriculture, fisheries and forestry. Total annual household income was 1,803 million

2311:), and 30 were reported injured; these numbers were expected to rise as more remote islands reported back. Vanuatu lands minister, 2021:(65 of them inhabited), with about 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) between the most northern and southern islands. Two of these islands ( 12175: 9386: 8208: 7388: 3614:. Reggaeton, a variation of Dancehall Reggae spoken in the Spanish language is especially played in the local nightclubs of Port Vila. 1976:. Vanuatu was one of the last places on Earth to suffer a coronavirus outbreak, recording its first case of COVID-19 in November 2020. 1825:

Since the 1991 general election, Vanuatuan politics have been unstable with a series of fractious coalition governments and the use of

483: 10070: 10050: 7984: 6745: 3652:, fruits, and vegetables. Most island families grow food in their gardens, and food shortages are rare. Papayas, pineapples, mangoes, 1849:

over a pay dispute and later released unharmed. A riot occurred in Port Vila in 1998 when savers attempted to withdraw funds from the

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to unseat Lini. This failed, and Lini became increasingly distrustful of his VP colleagues, firing anyone he deemed to be disloyal.

12927: 11009: 10148: 9171: 7751: 3039: 2337:

Vanuatu has relatively frequent earthquakes. Of the 58 M7 or greater events that occurred between 1909 and 2001, few were studied.

889:, which is of volcanic origin, is 1,750 km (1,090 mi) east of northern Australia, 540 km (340 mi) northeast of 7674: 6892:"Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material" 6101: 5247: 2417:

and elected by district councils of chiefs, advises the government on all matters concerning ni-Vanuatu culture and language. The

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in the colony, based partly on universal suffrage and partly on appointed persons representing various interest groups. The first

1556:

was established to support the Americans, and thousands more were engaged in the construction and maintenance work as part of the

13176: 13121: 12052: 9454: 8995: 7289: 6640: 3592:, among others. Another musical genre that has become widely popular during the 20th century in all areas of Vanuatu is known as 2238:

arrived only in the 1970s but has already spread from the Port Vila region to Luganville. There are three or possibly four adult

1918: 8637: 7646: 6677: 4226:"Beginning Historical Archaeology in Vanuatu: Recent Projects on the Archaeology of Spanish, French, and Anglophone Colonialism" 3709:. The ritual consists of men land diving off a 98-foot-high wooden tower with their ankles tied to vines, as part of the annual 2609:

has revived international concerns about the potential overreach of Chinese authorities on Vanuatu and other Pacific countries.

2194:

Despite its tropical forests, Vanuatu has relatively few terrestrial plant and animal species. It has an indigenous flying fox,

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Earthquakes can negatively affect economic activity on the island nation. A severe earthquake in November 1999, followed by a

1492:

French settlers in New Caledonia to annex the islands, though Britain was unwilling to relinquish their influence completely.

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In 2018, Vanuatu banned all use of plastic bags and plastic straws, with more plastic items scheduled to be banned in 2020.

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period, fuelled by high demand for Vanuatu beef, tourism, remittances from foreign workers, and large aid packages from the

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Provinces are autonomous units with their own popularly elected local parliaments known officially as provincial councils.

2322:

travelled through the Espiritu Santo town of Luganville, causing great material damage there and on at least four islands.

1689: 7699: 11474: 11469: 10644: 10189: 9117: 8930: 7603:"China gifts South Pacific nation Vanuatu new presidential palace in move likely to ignite concerns over Beijing's reach" 7099: 5885: 5620: 5086: 3008: 2983:

was filmed at the same location used by the US version. In mid-2002, the government stepped up efforts to boost tourism.

2580: 1940:, who himself was ousted the following year in a confidence vote led by Kilman. Meanwhile, the country was devastated by 1713: 1706: 1693: 1488: 9407:"The dynamics of linguistic diversity: Egalitarian multilingualism and power imbalance among northern Vanuatu languages" 9016: 8818: 8433: 5547: 3095:

The economy grew about 6% in the early 2000s. This is higher than in the 1990s, when GDP rose less than 3%, on average.

2596:, the Prime Ministers of Vanuatu, Tuvalu and the Solomon Islands once again raised human rights concerns in West Papua. 178: 11004: 9453:(CD album, released with liner notes and ebook), label Inédit, vol. W260147, Paris: Maison des Cultures du Monde, 5532: 5453: 5431: 5409: 5387: 5321: 3928: 2868:

There is substantial fishing activity, although this industry does not bring in much foreign exchange. Exports include

7482: 5510: 5365: 5343: 4429: 3249:, and they estimated Vanuatu to be the most ecologically efficient country in the world in achieving high well-being. 2880:

and timber; imports include machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, and fuels. In contrast, mining activity is very low.

1495:

As a result, in 1906, France and the United Kingdom agreed to administer the islands jointly; called the Anglo-French

941:

claimed parts of the archipelago, and in 1906, they agreed on a framework for jointly managing the archipelago as the

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and Wantok using a variety of connection technologies. A submarine optical fibre cable now connects Vanuatu to Fiji.

1957: 843: 796: 12401: 11638: 11486: 11481: 8406: 7061: 2545: 2149: 1864: 9402: 9255: 8376: 6800: 4744: 4278: 2434:

also provides for the establishment of village or island courts presided over by chiefs to deal with questions of

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replacing the Resident Commissioners. The Anglo-French forces withdrew in August, and Lini called in troops from

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Young men undergo various coming-of-age ceremonies and rituals to initiate them into manhood, usually including

2182: 1712:

A compromise was eventually brokered, a Government of National Unity formed under a new constitution, and fresh

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Whaleships were among the first regular visitors to this group of islands. The first recorded visit was by the

371: 9430: 8050: 4915: 198: 13191: 11524: 10416: 10335: 9505: 3362:, with a countrywide membership of over 11,000. As of 2010, 1.4% of the people of Vanuatu are members of the 3135: 2966: 2897:

also been used in ceremonial exchanges between clans and villages. Cocoa is also grown for foreign exchange.

1736:

The New Hebrides, now renamed Vanuatu, achieved independence as planned on 30 July 1980 under Prime Minister

1279: 1108: 730: 11783: 2583:, Vanuatu made a joint statement on behalf of some other Pacific nations raising human rights abuses in the 1818:, but not with enough seats to form a majority. A coalition was thus formed with Lini's NUP, with the UMP's 1235: 1219: 913: 13181: 11435: 10318: 10272: 10141: 10108: 8010: 6211: 5467:

Van Trease, Howard (9 August 2006). "The Operation of the single non-transferable vote system in Vanuatu".

3861: 3517:. Villages also have male- and female-only sections. These sections are situated all over the villages; in 3471: 3367: 3238: 2553: 2494: 1788: 1188: 706: 696: 1254:(which he called Santa María). Continuing further south, Queirós arrived at the largest island, naming it 85: 12622: 12531: 11834: 11266: 10443: 10064: 8273: 6770: 6206: 3968: 3782: 3122: 2601: 2524: 2017:

Vanuatu is a Y-shaped archipelago consisting of about 83 relatively small, geologically newer islands of

1768: 1651: 1361:

in Australia, Fiji, New Caledonia, and the Samoan islands, in need of labourers, encouraged a long-term

13079: 13074: 12932: 11450: 10887: 10846: 10560: 10340: 10257: 9536:. International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics. Port Vila, Vanuatu: Australian National University. 9233: 7954: 7248: 3585: 3566: 3302: 2690: 2684: 2251: 2022: 1902: 1772: 1753: 1642: 1573: 1406: 1206:

CE, which would have devastated local populations and likely resulted in further population movements.

912:

people. The first Europeans to visit the islands were a Spanish expedition led by Portuguese navigator

682: 13156: 12161: 10373: 10277: 10194: 8185: 7575: 6179: 5082: 3887: 3686: 3682: 3111: 3028: 2380: 1811: 1410: 399: 11125: 8156:"Tourism and Migration Statistics – Visitor Arrivals by Usual Country of Residence (1995–2001)" 4565: 2356: 12922: 12895: 12688: 12196: 11623: 11517: 11413: 10093: 9343: 7833: 5793: 5113:"The Tonkinese Labour Traffic to the Colonial New Hebrides: The Role of French Inter-Colonial Webs" 4559:

Jolly, Margaret. "The Sediment of Voyages: Re-membering Quirós, Bougainville and Cook in Vanuatu".

4521: 4354:"Study of ancient skulls from Vanuatu cemetery sheds light on Polynesian migration, scientists say" 3480: 3226: 2418: 2247: 2029:

of New Caledonia. The country lies between latitudes 13°S and 21°S and longitudes 166°E and 171°E.

2026: 1905:

and was unseated in a confidence vote less than five months after taking office, being replaced by

1872: 1581: 9063:"Spiritual succession: Vanuatu tribe who worshipped Prince Philip as a god will now deify Charles" 5148: 12548: 12188: 12083: 11509: 11276: 10637: 10520: 10455: 10399: 10323: 10308: 10221: 10134: 9195: 8347:"Asian Development Bank & Vanuatu – Fact Sheet – Operational Challenges (pdf file)" 5647:"New Hebrides Rebel Urges Peace; Willing to Fight British and French One British Officer Injured" 3607: 3157: 2541: 2431: 2369: 2365: 2204: 1929: 1826: 1518: 957: 633: 542: 491: 91: 7420:"Pacific nations call for UN investigations into alleged Indonesian rights abuses in West Papua" 2009: 12917: 12633: 12073: 11906: 10515: 10409: 10328: 5157: 4661: 4560: 3406: 3379: 3375: 3366:, making Vanuatu the 6th most Baháʼí country in the world. The less significant groups are the 3103: 3049: 2516: 1860: 1548: 987: 574: 536: 9585: 9347: 7814: 7620: 5750: 5033: 4626: 4620: 1878: 12744: 12653: 12606: 12391: 11643: 11445: 11174: 10861: 10821: 10757: 10545: 10540: 10358: 10353: 9552: 9499: 8904: 7721: 6981: 5299: 4975: 4689: 4588: 3218: 2955: 2562: 2396: 2129: 969: 419: 10103: 10047: 10038: 9370: 8216: 7988: 7153: 2140:, which includes New Caledonia, the Solomon Islands, Australia, New Guinea and New Zealand. 1897:

saw Vohor and the UMP return to power. He lost much support over a secret deal to recognise

1405:, arrived on the islands. At first, they faced hostility, most notably with the killings of 12573: 11880: 11457: 10929: 10826: 10790: 10780: 10487: 10472: 10421: 10368: 10313: 10267: 10252: 10230: 9825:

Gender, Christianity and Change in Vanuatu: An Analysis of Social Movements in North Ambrym

6903: 6741: 5962:

Bridging Mental Boundaries in a Postcolonial Microcosm: Identity and Development in Vanuatu

5937:

Bridging Mental Boundaries in a Postcolonial Microcosm: Identity and Development in Vanuatu

5850:

Bridging Mental Boundaries in a Postcolonial Microcosm: Identity and Development in Vanuatu

5709:

Bridging Mental Boundaries in a Postcolonial Microcosm: Identity and Development in Vanuatu

5552: 4475: 3678: 3306: 3298: 3262: 3246: 3230: 2710: 2439: 2373: 2161: 2133: 1992: 1846: 1842: 1819: 1760: 1741: 1321: 1180: 1112: 470: 384: 11137: 8934: 7878: 6428: 6336: 6310: 6242: 6141: 5587: 4295: 4255:

Chief Roi Mata's Domain – Challenges facing a World Heritage-nominated property in Vanuatu

3363: 329: 71: 8: 12514: 12456: 12206: 12153: 12119: 11936: 11242: 10707: 10482: 10465: 10291: 9087: 9068: 7046: 3476: 3343: 3329: 3012: 2694: 2572: 2462: 2351: 2239: 1925: 1792: 1557: 1523: 1316:

and the remainder of his crew sailed through the Banks Islands on their return voyage to

1085: 921: 390: 366: 335: 11248: 9163: 7722:"Six Island Nations Commit to 'Fossil Fuel-Free Pacific,' Demand Global Just Transition" 6907: 6607:"Vanuatu becomes first in the Pacific to set a path towards cervical cancer elimination" 4479: 3918:"2020 National Population and Housing Census – Basic Tables Report, Volume 1, Version 2" 3346:, consisting of several denominations. About one-third of the population belongs to the 12124: 11921: 10958: 10947: 10851: 10831: 10785: 10727: 10630: 10589: 10502: 10404: 10387: 10303: 10166: 10059: 9422: 9325: 9317: 8747: 8638:

2009 National Population and Housing Census: Gender Monograph "Women and Men in Vanuatu

6934: 6891: 6858: 6823: 6105: 5825:

Grands hommes et petites îles: La politique extérieure de Fidji, de Tonga et du Vanuatu

5484: 5266: 4258: 3998: 3759: 3653: 3637: 3623: 3466: 3419: 3234: 3207: 2858: 2844: 2584: 2443: 2384: 2208: 2196: 2137: 1933: 1725: 1435: 1420: 1298: 1015: 9448: 8987: 6632: 3716:. This local tradition is often credited to the inspiration of the modern practice of 3576:

is still present in the rural areas of Vanuatu. Musical instruments consist mostly of

3045: 2568: 1979:

In October 2023, Vanuatu aimed itself at being the first Pacific country to eliminate

1214: 12874: 12553: 11926: 11663: 11319: 11304: 11281: 10866: 10525: 10460: 10014: 9995: 9989: 9974: 9955: 9936: 9913: 9894: 9875: 9856: 9828: 9809: 9790: 9771: 9752: 9733: 9712: 9684: 9678: 9660: 9641: 9622: 9591: 9558: 9537: 9518: 9450:

Musiques du Vanuatu: Fêtes et Mystères – Music of Vanuatu: Celebrations and Mysteries

9426: 9376: 9355: 8871:"Most Baha'i Nations (2010) | QuickLists | The Association of Religion Data Archives" 7899:"Chapter XXVI: Disarmament – No. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons" 7367: 7226: 7163: 7022: 6985: 6974: 6939: 6921: 6863: 6845: 6688: 5993: 5965: 5940: 5853: 5828: 5712: 5488: 5039: 4981: 4720: 4630: 4592: 4581: 4225: 4013: 3533: 3529: 3431: 3351: 3314: 3272: 3000: 2972: 2668: 2124: 2105: 2097: 1973: 1780: 1698: 1568: 1431: 1362: 1231: 1184: 10120: 9727: 9726:

Bonnemaison, Joël; Huffman, Kirk; Tryon, Darrell; Kaufmann, Christian, eds. (1998).

9515:

Person and Place: Ideas, Ideals and the Practice of Sociality on Vanua Lava, Vanuatu

9329: 7671: 4460: 4262: 4152:"The Archaeology of Vanuatu: 3,000 Years of History across Islands of Ash and Coral" 2631:

In 2023, the governments of Vanuatu and other vulnerable to climate change islands (

1650:

established another party: the New Hebrides Cultural Association, later renamed the

1472: 1258: 917: 13116: 12813: 12783: 12773: 12704: 12673: 12643: 12543: 12491: 12381: 11355: 11309: 11271: 11217: 11159: 11074: 11049: 10856: 10811: 10742: 10672: 10598: 10570: 10550: 10510: 10492: 10099:

Vanuatu Tourism Portal, the official website of the Vanuatu National Tourism Office

9908:

Rodman, Margaret; Kraemer, Daniela; Bolton, Lissant; Tarisesei, Jean, eds. (2007).

9414: 9307: 9299: 8739: 8350: 8133: 7341: 7216: 7206: 6929: 6911: 6853: 6835: 6707: 6554:"Supreme Court to hear 'abuse of process' application in PM's alleged bribery case" 6216: 5762: 5476: 5262: 4657: 4483: 3751: 3713: 3698: 3672: 3573: 3556: 3545: 3511:

or village clubhouse, which serves as a meeting point for men and a place to drink

3390: 3383: 3276: 3175: 3069: 3020: 2727: 2664: 2458: 2427: 2230:

The region has more than 4,000 species of marine molluscs and a large diversity of

2057: 1835: 1776: 1745: 1535: 1512: 1287: 1116: 870: 811: 752: 608: 241: 236: 138: 39: 9587:

Sharing the Earth, Dividing the Land: Land and Territory in the Austronesian World

8878: 8700: 7211: 7194: 7123:"Cyclone Pam: Vanuatu awaits first wave of relief and news from worst-hit islands" 6354: 5035:

Tufala Gavman: Reminiscences from the Anglo-French Condominium of the New Hebrides

12828: 12582: 12426: 12068: 11718: 11440: 11169: 11084: 11019: 10871: 10836: 10752: 10677: 10555: 10530: 10115: 10054: 10042: 8675:

VnExpress International – Latest news, business, travel and analysis from Vietnam

8515:"UK imposes visa requirements on five nations citing 'abuse' of migration system" 7885: 7840: 7821: 7678: 7540:"On the ground in Vanuatu, monuments to China's growing influence are everywhere" 7276: 6443:"Tropical Cyclone Pam: Vanuatu death toll rises to 16 as relief effort continues" 6075: 5913: 4282: 4088: 3710: 3649: 3294:

of the archipelago, used by the majority of the population as a second language.

3287: 3280: 3242: 3004: 2996: 2918: 2889: 2745: 2660: 2640: 2312: 2235: 1980: 1799: 1621: 1264: 1155:) and various flightless bird species. Lapita settlements reached as far east as 1132: 898: 688: 246: 77: 54: 10104:

Herbarium of Vanuatu (PVNH), which houses a collection of about 20,000 specimens

9554:

Custodians of the Sacred Mountains: Culture and Society in the Highlands of Bali

9031:"South Sea tribe prepares birthday feast for their favourite god, Prince Philip" 1775:, and opposed the French presence in New Caledonia and their nuclear testing in 13053: 12978: 12859: 12638: 12563: 12471: 11916: 11398: 11388: 11373: 11347: 11286: 11154: 10892: 10737: 10174: 9534:

Proceedings of the first International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics (1993)

6916: 6771:"Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience Commission)" 6697:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

6369:"Vanuatu to seek observer status for West Papua at MSG and PIF leaders summits" 3737: 3717: 3402: 3140:

Mobile phone service in the islands is provided by Vodafone (formerly TVL) and

2960: 2862: 2817: 2791: 2777: 2763: 2613: 2589: 2454: 2319: 2308: 2220: 2175: 2053: 2033: 1969: 1953: 1886: 1589: 1539: 1527: 1424: 1398: 1380: 1239: 1223: 1031: 953: 878: 437: 405: 12713: 10079: 9352:

Language Planning and Policy in the Pacific: Fiji, the Philippines and Vanuatu

8743: 5480: 5078: 3561: 920:, in 1606. Queirós claimed the archipelago for Spain, as part of the colonial 13110: 13058: 12818: 11839: 11688: 11393: 11365: 11314: 11191: 11181: 11149: 11120: 10924: 10732: 10717: 10345: 9827:. Anthropology and Cultural History in Asia and the Indo-Pacific. Routledge. 9196:"Correspondents Report – The secrets of Vanuatu's national dish, the Lap Lap" 8429: 7230: 7167: 6925: 6849: 6529:"Vanuatu elects new prime minister as country reels from devastating cyclone" 5985: 5557: 4296:"World Heritage Status set to ensure protection of Vanuatu's Roi Mata domain" 3442: 3410: 3334: 3291: 2508: 2413: 2315:

said, "This is the worst disaster to affect Vanuatu ever as far as we know."

1313: 1247: 1230:

The Vanuatu islands first had contact with Europeans in April 1606, when the

1172: 1096: 1070: 1035: 995: 890: 723: 300: 213: 200: 9170:. Cahiers d'ethnomusicologie. Vol. 20. Genève: Adem. pp. 165–190. 6840: 1784: 12763: 12499: 12431: 12416: 11593: 11491: 11408: 11403: 11378: 11226: 10565: 10426: 10199: 10184: 9991:

Getting Stoned with Savages: A Trip Through the Islands of Fiji and Vanuatu

9674: 9418: 9148:

See the CD "Music of Vanuatu: Celebrations and mysteries", and its e-book (

8730:

Miles, William F. S. (June 1994). "Francophonie in Post-Colonial Vanuatu".

7854:"Armed forces (Vanuatu) – Sentinel Security Assessment – Oceania" 7091: 6943: 6867: 6533: 4690:"Mutiny and Romance in the South Seas: A Companion to the Bounty Adventure" 3522: 3499: 3488: 3058: 2938: 2536: 2478: 2435: 2224: 2061: 1965: 1543: 1462: 1366: 1343: 1328: 942: 666: 294: 256: 9891:

Power of Perspective: Social Ontology and Agency on Ambrym Island, Vanuatu

9303: 5766: 5586:. Vanuatu.travel – Vanuatu Islands. 17 September 2009. Archived from 4081: 3405:

is still large, and has adherents in the parliament. Also on Tanna is the

13033: 13023: 12798: 12658: 12396: 12366: 12216: 11996: 11798: 11778: 11698: 11418: 11329: 11164: 11064: 10841: 10775: 10747: 10535: 10211: 9804:

Ellis, Amanda; Manuel, Clare; Cutura, Jozefina; Bowman, Chakriya (2009).

7195:"How instability creates stability: the survival of democracy in Vanuatu" 6684: 4487: 3702: 3594: 3083: 3032: 2656: 2504: 2299: 2288: 2269: 2171: 2120: 2081: 1941: 1937: 1914: 1831: 1749: 1737: 1721: 1647: 1500: 1358: 1124: 1006:). Together, the two words convey the independent status of the country. 909: 886: 306: 9321: 8751: 8643:(Report). Vanuatu National Statistics Office. October 2011. p. 71. 8398: 7221: 3011:

and applies its international conventions). Vanuatu is recognised as a "

1327:; Bligh later returned to the islands, naming them after his benefactor 12942: 12890: 12668: 12411: 12351: 12281: 12221: 11971: 11966: 11860: 11793: 11733: 11723: 11713: 11618: 10816: 10477: 9855:. Studies in anthropology and history. Vol. 12. Harwood Academic. 9312: 8372: 7062:"Rescue teams reach cyclone-hit Vanuatu islands, official toll lowered" 5314:""Chief President Moses": Man with a message for 10,000 New Hebrideans" 4416: 4275: 3394: 3310: 3193: 3184: 2992: 2922: 2877: 2605: 2520: 2466: 2423: 2400: 2093: 2073: 1674: 1608: 1593: 1439: 1402: 1394: 1376: 1347: 1263:

or "The Southern Land of the Holy Spirit", believing he had arrived in

1140: 1091: 1058: 1050: 1027: 894: 354: 339: 268: 9657:

The Gospel Is Not Western: Black Theologies from the Southwest Pacific

6824:"An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm" 2986:

Financial services are an important part of the economy. Vanuatu is a

2592:. Indonesia rejected Vanuatu's allegations. In September 2017, at the 2234:. Cone snails and stonefish carry poison that is fatal to humans. The 2166: 2152:

mean score of 8.82/10, ranking it 18th globally out of 172 countries.

1564:) seriously undermining the underlying ethos of colonial superiority. 1131:, pausing only briefly en route. They brought with them crops such as 13028: 12998: 12758: 12648: 12598: 12523: 12436: 12421: 12346: 12211: 11956: 11951: 11896: 11738: 11258: 11144: 11034: 10653: 10262: 9932: 8575: 7270:

Representation of the People (Parliamentary Constituencies and Seats)

5878:"Public Report on Resort Las Vegas and granting of illegal passports" 3745: 3731: 3611: 3581: 3577: 3414: 3398: 3203: 3199: 3162: 3015:" country. Several file-sharing groups, such as the providers of the 2987: 2910: 2906: 2884: 2857:

The four mainstays of the economy are agriculture, tourism, offshore

2849: 2112: 2089: 2045: 2002: 1767:

in South Africa and all forms of colonialism, established links with

1764: 1669: 1638: 1625: 1597: 1351: 1148: 1120: 882: 312: 192: 7783:"Port Vila call for a just transition to a fossil fuel free Pacific" 7571:"China eyes Vanuatu military base in plan with global ramifications" 6175:"China eyes Vanuatu military base in plan with global ramifications" 5112: 4151: 2715: 2612:

Vanuatu retains strong economic and cultural ties to Australia, the

2100:, at 1,879 metres (6,165 ft), on the island of Espiritu Santo. 1267:(Australia). The Spanish established a short-lived settlement named 13167:

Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie

13043: 13013: 12778: 12611: 12441: 12376: 12336: 12331: 12316: 12266: 12261: 12246: 12236: 12226: 12098: 12022: 11991: 11986: 11653: 11648: 11608: 11603: 11588: 11044: 10609: 10179: 10126: 9406: 8490:"Bitcoin paradise? Briton creates 'crypto utopia' in South Pacific" 8130:"Asian Development Bank & Vanuatu – Fact Sheet (pdf file)" 8042: 7045:. Bündnis Entwicklung Hilft / IFHV. 19 January 2022. Archived from 6243:"State of emergency declared in Vanuatu's capital after two deaths" 4911: 3355: 2942: 2930: 2085: 2037: 1906: 1680: 1338:

in February 1804, and the last known visit by the New Bedford ship

1306: 1302: 1283: 1100: 1078: 1062: 1039: 857: 718: 670: 11539: 4980:. International Business Publications. 30 March 2009. p. 26. 4384:"Scientists Reveal the Genetic Timeline of Ancient Vanuatu People" 2653:

Port Vila Call for a Just Transition to a Fossil Fuel Free Pacific

2025:) are also claimed and controlled by France as part of the French 1688:

In November 1974, the British and French met and agreed to create

12988: 12869: 12616: 12588: 12371: 12356: 12321: 12306: 12291: 12006: 12001: 11976: 11931: 11911: 11901: 11818: 11808: 11788: 11768: 11753: 11743: 11708: 11633: 11598: 11578: 11573: 11568: 11563: 11337: 11207: 11132: 10993: 3599: 3521:, special spaces are provided for females when they are in their 3507: 3268: 3145: 3141: 3065: 2934: 2902: 2672: 2470: 2018: 1592:. The rapid American deployment and withdrawal led to growth in ' 1508: 1443: 1423:

also took young converts for further training in New Zealand and

1107:

The immediate origins of the Lapita lie to the northwest, in the

1074: 349: 9806:

Women in Vanuatu: Analyzing Challenges to Economic Participation

7453:"Pacific nations want UN to investigate Indonesia on West Papua" 7297:

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

13147:

Countries and territories where English is an official language

13048: 13018: 12983: 12958: 12838: 12663: 12481: 12466: 12461: 12386: 12326: 12296: 12256: 12251: 12241: 12231: 11981: 11961: 11946: 11941: 11875: 11870: 11844: 11773: 11748: 11683: 11678: 11668: 11613: 11296: 11186: 11094: 10722: 10083: 9725: 7155:"Powerful Cyclone Rips Through Vanuatu, Cutting Communications" 5816: 3820:"Santo chiefs concerned over slow pace of development in Sanma" 3660: 3628: 3446: 3099: 2926: 2648: 2474: 2388: 2116: 2049: 1944:

in 2015, which resulted in 16 deaths and enormous destruction.

1898: 1889:

of the VP became prime minister in 2001 and went on to win the

1415: 1243: 1222:

was the first European to arrive in Vanuatu, in 1606. He named

1196: 1128: 1123:

in 2016 indicates that some may have arrived directly from the

1077:– associated with the 16th–17th century chief or chiefs called 1054: 1046: 934: 767: 441: 7647:"Change of British High Commissioner to Vanuatu – Summer 2019" 3170: 1997: 1278:

Europeans did not return until 1768, when the French explorer

13038: 13008: 13003: 12993: 12968: 12963: 12833: 12823: 12808: 12793: 12451: 12406: 12361: 12341: 12311: 12301: 12286: 12276: 11865: 11763: 11758: 11693: 11673: 11658: 11583: 11115: 11089: 11079: 11069: 11059: 10098: 9853:

Women of the Place: Kastom, Colonialism and Gender in Vanuatu

8957:"Heeding the call to prayer in a region that reveres the pig" 7247:. Government of the Republic of Vanuatu. 1983. Archived from 4912:"To Kill a Bird with Two Stones – A Short History of Vanuatu" 3313:

languages of Vanuatu (i.e., excluding Bislama) belong to the

3144:. Internet access is provided by Vodafone, Telsat Broadband, 3024: 3016: 2945:

and many others. In 2007, the value (in terms of millions of

2869: 2644: 2557: 2304: 2292: 2216: 2187: 2077: 2065: 2041: 1964:

amidst allegations of perjury, bringing back in the VP under

1807: 1612:

1966 flag of the Anglo-French Condominium of the New Hebrides

1317: 1294: 1160: 1156: 1119:, though DNA studies of a 3,000-year-old skeleton found near 982: 835: 829: 779: 773: 761: 711: 10692: 10622: 9907: 8182:"International Transport Workers' Federation: FOC Countries" 6584:"Asia Today: Hong Kong, Singapore OK quarantine-free travel" 6421:"Watchdog applauds clean-out of Vanuatu's diplomatic sector" 6329:"Vanuatu Prime Minister, facing no confidence vote, resigns" 6311:"Kilman elected Vanuatu PM – ten days after ouster by court" 1286:. Of the various French toponyms Bougainville devised, only 12973: 12864: 12803: 12768: 12504: 12446: 12271: 11803: 11728: 11703: 11628: 11383: 11231: 11039: 10667: 9472:"Tales from the South Pacific – diving medicine in Vanuatu" 8671:"Vietnamese surprises in Vanuatu – VnExpress International" 6469:"Calls for Vanuatu PM to step down in wake of MPs' jailing" 6120:"Vanuatu court rules in favor of Parliament; Vohor appeals" 4769: 3645: 3513: 3492: 3077: 2946: 2914: 2873: 2636: 2632: 2482: 2069: 1868: 1251: 1168: 1136: 1066: 902: 12183: 8611:. Vanuatu National Statistics Office. 2009. Archived from 8349:. Asian Development Bank. 31 December 2008. Archived from 8341: 8339: 8132:. Asian Development Bank. 31 December 2008. Archived from 6744:. SEDAC Socioeconomic Data and Applications Centre. 2000. 6351:"Vanuatu's Parliament Pass Bill in Support for West Papua" 5006: 4719:. Canberra: Pacific Manuscripts Bureau. pp. 190–191. 4174: 1871:

list of 'uncooperative tax havens' in 2003 and joined the

7888:. Indexmundi.com (12 July 2011). Retrieved 17 April 2012. 7323: 7321: 6821: 3393:

brought with them when they came to the islands, several

817: 735: 12938:

Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC)

10988: 8799: 7389:"Freedom of the press in Indonesian-occupied West Papua" 6889: 4949: 4930: 1430:

Other European settlers also came, looking for land for

1179:

maintained, with all of the numerous 100+ autochthonous

9803: 8336: 8098:

Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 114 – table 4.17)

7016: 6950: 5882:

Digested Reports of the Vanuatu Office of the Ombudsman

5852:. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 25–7. 3453:

Port Vila and three other centres have campuses of the

3126:

to concerns over its citizenship by investment scheme.

1282:

sailed by the islands on 22 May, naming them the Great

1030:

and 700 BCE. These were almost certainly people of the

9952:

Ethnology of Vanuatu: An Early Twentieth Century Study

9709:

Unfolding the Moon: Enacting Women's Kastom in Vanuatu

7318: 6445:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 21 March 2015. 4328:"Origins of Vanuatu and Tonga's first people revealed" 3862:"National Profiles – Religious demographics (Vanuatu)" 3842: 2088:

or Anatom. The nation's largest towns are the capital

1810:, Vanuatu's main export. As a result, the Francophone 1603: 10035: 9874:. (Photographer) Coulombier, Denis. U South Pacific. 9844:

Vanuatu Adventures: Kava and Chaos in the Sth Pacific

8428:

Nunis, Sarah Treanor and Vivienne (10 October 2019).

8333:

Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 27 – Table 4.1)

8324:

Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 20 – Table 2.7)

8315:

Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 19 – table 2.6)

7509:"Fiery debate over West Papua at UN General Assembly" 7092:"Cyclone devastates South Pacific islands of Vanuatu" 5025: 3445:

of people aged 15–24 years is about 74% according to

3389:

Because of the modern goods that the military in the

2408:; eight are elected through single-member plurality. 844: 826: 820: 797: 764: 755: 9787:

The Birds of the Solomons, Vanuatu and New Caledonia

9785:

Doughty, Chris; Day, Nicolas; Plant, Andrew (1999).

9350:. In Baldauf, Richard B.; Kaplan, Robert B. (eds.). 8787: 6815: 6590:. Associated Press. 11 November 2020. Archived from 5964:. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 27. 5939:. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 26. 5711:. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 24. 4625:. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 4098: 3727: 3267:

The national language of the Republic of Vanuatu is

3068:, caused extensive damage to the northern island of 2387:, is elected by a majority vote of a three-quarters 832: 814: 776: 758: 10011:

Cavorting With Cannibals: An Exploration of Vanuatu

9118:"Vanuatu economic report 2009: accelerating reform" 8110: 6998: 6883: 6207:"Vanuatu lawmakers elect Natapei as prime minister" 5984: 4458: 4224:Flexner, James; Spriggs, Matthew; Bedford, Stuart. 3720:, which was developed in New Zealand in the 1980s. 2096:on Espiritu Santo. The highest point in Vanuatu is 1209: 823: 770: 9971:The Other Side: Ways of Being and Place in Vanuatu 9486:: 22–23. Archived from the original on 15 May 2013 9411:International Journal of the Sociology of Language 9061: 7810: 7808: 6973: 6880:Asia Development Bank Vanuatu Economic Report 2009 5564: 5144:"Les Nouvelles-Hébrides et l'immigration annamite" 4580: 4330:. Australian National University. 4 October 2016. 4062: 2579:In March 2017, at the 34th regular session of the 9910:House-girls Remember: Domestic Workers in Vanuatu 9746: 8453: 8451: 8391: 8158:. Vanuatu Statistics Office. 2001. Archived from 7901:. United Nations Treaty Collection. 7 July 2017. 7692:"What happened after this nation banned plastic?" 5525:"New Hebrides: High hopes haunted by high danger" 5031: 4430:"The exceptional linguistic diversity of Vanuatu" 4223: 13108: 9747:Bowdey, Bob; Beaty, Judy; Ansell, Brian (1995). 9123:. Asian Development Bank. 2009. pp. 21–22. 8255:Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 97 – 15.1) 8246:Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 73 – 12.1) 8237:Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 67 – 11.1) 8089:Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 77 – 13.1) 7120: 5119:. Indian Ocean World Centre, McGill University. 3386:was estimated to consist of about 200 converts. 1641:movement was founded in 1966 by Chief Buluk and 1507:During the 1920s–1930s, indentured workers from 12743: 10109:Drones sacrificed for spectacular volcano video 9784: 9110: 9088:"Vanuatu Literacy Education Programme (VANLEP)" 8080:Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 49 – 7.2) 8071:Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 33 – 5.2) 7805: 7114: 6799:. indiaserver.com. 11 July 2008. Archived from 6391:"Prime Minister Carcasses' dilemma at the helm" 5430:. February 1977. pp. 17–18. Archived from 5424:"New Hebrides Assembly meets – but what's new?" 5296:"Western Oceanian Religions: Jon Frum Movement" 4145: 4143: 4141: 4139: 4137: 4135: 4133: 2671:, including introducing the criminalization of 1538:brought immense change to the archipelago. The 11541:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 9289: 9256:"The 5 Coolest Countries You Haven't Heard Of" 9164:"Les identités musicales multiples au Vanuatu" 8448: 8306:Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 19 table 2.5) 7621:"Military statistics – How Vanuatu ranks" 7356: 6797:"Major Earthquake Jolts Island Nation Vanuatu" 6499:"Vanuatu Opposition ready to assist President" 5748: 5531:. January 1980. pp. 13–14. Archived from 4180: 4131: 4129: 4127: 4125: 4123: 4121: 4119: 4117: 4115: 4113: 3491:system. Pigs, particularly those with rounded 3166:Vanuatu's population in thousands (1961–2003). 2203:The 19 species of native reptiles include the 1731: 964:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 12729: 12169: 12048:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique 11525: 11463:Political status of the Cook Islands and Niue 10974: 10638: 10142: 10121:Ann Skinner-Jones and Joan Larcom Photographs 9619:The Coconut War: the Crisis on Espiritu Santo 9028: 8723: 8430:"How selling citizenship is now big business" 7824:. Epress.anu.edu.au. Retrieved 17 April 2012. 5990:Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II 5988:; Grotz, Florian; Hartmann, Christof (2001). 5173:"In My Words Vietnamese surprises in Vanuatu" 5032:Bresnihan, Brian J.; Woodward, Keith (2002). 5017:sfn error: no target: CITEREFVan_Trease1987 ( 4960:sfn error: no target: CITEREFVan_Trease1987 ( 4941:sfn error: no target: CITEREFVan_Trease1987 ( 4780:sfn error: no target: CITEREFVan_Trease1987 ( 4738: 4736: 4534:In 1605 Quiros sailed west from Callao, Peru 4249: 4247: 4219: 4217: 4215: 4213: 4211: 4209: 3965:"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2023" 3864:. The Association of Religion Data Archives. 3644:) incorporates fish, root vegetables such as 2530:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique 1867:fund (in 2005). Vanuatu was removed from the 1791:, MPP), and an attempt was made by President 1451:Compagnie Caledonienne des Nouvelles-Hébrides 1301:, who named them the New Hebrides, after the 1255: 1000: 925: 135: 104: 31: 13162:Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations 12684:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 12679:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 10200:Anglo-French Condominium of the New Hebrides 8598: 8459:"Vanuatu warned about citizenship sale flaw" 8184:. Itfglobal.org. 6 June 2005. Archived from 7925:"Vanuatu wants total ban on nuclear weapons" 7447: 7445: 7364:50 Years of Singapore and the United Nations 7017:Bennett, Michelle; Jocelyn Harewood (2003). 6521: 5336:"Bombs, bribery and ballots in New Hebrides" 5106: 5104: 4515: 4207: 4205: 4203: 4201: 4199: 4197: 4195: 4193: 4191: 4189: 3536:, who died in 2002, was a descriptive poet. 3528:There are few prominent ni-Vanuatu authors. 3214:live and work in New Zealand and Australia. 2699:treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons 1684:Flag of the short-lived Republic of Vemarana 1663:Union des Communautés des Nouvelles-Hébrides 1659:Mouvement Autonomiste des Nouvelles-Hébrides 1637:lands by Ni-Vanuatu. On Espiritu Santo, the 1271:at Big Bay on the north side of the island. 986:("land" or "home"), which occurs in several 961: 482:12,189 km (4,706 sq mi) ( 114: 46: 12705:Commonwealth Secretariat – Member Countries 12089:Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie 9447:François, Alexandre; Stern, Monika (2013), 9339:, Vanuatu National Statistics Office (2008) 8763: 8761: 8293: 8291: 6104:. Inter-Parliamentary Union. Archived from 5884:, vol. 97, no. 15, archived from 5871: 5869: 5320:. July 1969. pp. 23–25. Archived from 4745:"Status of Sandalwood Resources in Vanuatu" 4110: 3360:Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints 2704: 2411:The national Council of Chiefs, called the 1968:as the country dealt with the aftermath of 1467: 1456: 13187:States and territories established in 1980 12736: 12722: 12176: 12162: 12043:Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie 11532: 11518: 10981: 10967: 10645: 10631: 10149: 10135: 10008: 9635: 8107:Census of Agriculture 2007 (various pages) 7752:"Port Vila call to phase out fossil fuels" 7338:"China builds Vanuatu presidential palace" 7290:"Housing land and property law in Vanuatu" 7192: 6956: 5744: 5742: 5740: 5738: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5728: 5466: 5012: 4968: 4955: 4936: 4775: 4733: 4288: 4244: 4149: 3202:. The ni-Vanuatu are primarily (98.5%) of 2108:, dropping rapidly into the ocean depths. 1928:was in power, and the new prime minister, 1924:The new government was the first time the 885:, located in the South Pacific Ocean. The 177: 13152:French-speaking countries and territories 9484:South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society 9311: 7442: 7245:"Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu" 7220: 7210: 6933: 6915: 6857: 6839: 6765: 6763: 6678:"The Peace Corps Welcomes You to Vanuatu" 6142:"Vanuatu tosses out the Vohor Government" 5751:"Politics in Vanuatu: the 1991 Elections" 5749:Steeves, Jeffrey; Premdas, Ralph (1995). 5509:. January 1978. p. 5. Archived from 5408:. August 1976. p. 18. Archived from 5342:. January 1976. p. 8. Archived from 5141: 5101: 5073: 5071: 5069: 5067: 4909: 4564: 4452: 4186: 3888:"Vanuatu Population (2023) – Worldometer" 2600:leverage to bargain for control of, or a 1882:Devastation caused by Cyclone Pam in 2015 1661:(MANH), based on Espiritu Santo, and the 618: 13132:Republics in the Commonwealth of Nations 12928:International Organization for Migration 11010:List of Oceanian countries by population 9973:. Pacific Islands Monograph. UP Hawaii. 9841: 9765: 9531: 9401: 8805: 8771:. Vanuatu Tourism Office. Archived from 8758: 8375:. Euromoney Institutional Investor PLC. 8288: 8258: 8011:"The Local Government System in Vanuatu" 7780: 6971: 6712:Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs 6435: 5866: 5452:. March 1978. p. 28. Archived from 4554: 4552: 4550: 4548: 4546: 4544: 4542: 3848: 3627: 3560: 3470: 3333: 3169: 3161: 3082: 3044: 3040:World Intellectual Property Organization 2848: 2714: 2567: 2498: 2355: 2283: 2181: 2165: 2008: 1996: 1877: 1679: 1607: 1517: 1471: 1371: 1213: 1090: 12053:Agence universitaire de la Francophonie 9949: 9926: 9822: 9749:Diving and Snorkelling Guide to Vanuatu 9532:Lynch, John; Pat, Fa'afo, eds. (1996). 9368: 9342: 9193: 9059: 9017:Fifty facts about the Duke of Edinburgh 8811: 8793: 8543: 7856:. Articles.janes.com. 3 November 2011. 6604: 6353:. Government of Vanuatu. Archived from 6293:"PM Natapei defeats motion with 36 MPs" 5725: 5545: 5469:Commonwealth & Comparative Politics 5364:. June 1976. p. 10. Archived from 5298:. University of Cumbria. Archived from 5170: 4714: 4618: 4104: 3677:The most practised sport in Vanuatu is 3038:Vanuatu became the 185th member of the 3035:mainly from Australia and New Zealand. 2623: 2594:72nd Session of the UN General Assembly 13109: 9987: 9968: 9869: 9706: 9673: 9654: 9616: 9583: 9550: 9469: 9092:UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning 8985: 8606:"2009 Census Household Listing Counts" 8469:from the original on 30 September 2020 8409:from the original on 16 September 2017 8116: 7059: 7004: 6967: 6965: 6822:Dinerstein, Eric; et al. (2017). 6760: 6551: 6223:from the original on 26 September 2008 6112: 6070: 6068: 5822: 5792:Zinn, Christopher (25 February 1999). 5615: 5613: 5611: 5609: 5607: 5605: 5570: 5386:. May 1976. p. 11. Archived from 5288: 5245: 5239: 5064: 4905: 4903: 4901: 4899: 4897: 4895: 4893: 4891: 4889: 4887: 4885: 4883: 4881: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4873: 4871: 4869: 4867: 4865: 4863: 4861: 4859: 4857: 4855: 4853: 4851: 4849: 4847: 4845: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4837: 4835: 4833: 4831: 4829: 4827: 4825: 4823: 4821: 4819: 4817: 4815: 4813: 4811: 4742: 4497:from the original on 28 September 2011 3959: 3957: 3955: 3953: 3817: 3794: 3790: 3190:The inhabitants of Vanuatu are called 3087:Tusker is a local beer made in Vanuatu 856: 12717: 12157: 11513: 10962: 10626: 10613: 10130: 9850: 9604:from the original on 17 February 2023 9571:from the original on 17 February 2023 9433:from the original on 16 December 2021 9389:from the original on 17 February 2023 9161: 9076:from the original on 11 January 2022. 8998:from the original on 22 February 2009 8967:from the original on 20 February 2017 8729: 8681:from the original on 25 December 2021 8668: 8650:from the original on 28 November 2023 8487: 8427: 8206: 8023:from the original on 27 February 2022 7935:from the original on 19 December 2018 6890:Grantham, H. S.; et al. (2020). 6700: 6672: 6670: 6668: 6666: 6664: 6662: 6660: 6658: 6643:from the original on 26 December 2021 6613:from the original on 24 December 2023 6564:from the original on 25 December 2021 6479:from the original on 20 November 2018 6449:from the original on 10 December 2022 6082:from the original on 25 December 2021 6053:from the original on 25 December 2021 6041: 6039: 5959: 5934: 5914:"Freedom in the World 1999 – Vanuatu" 5908: 5906: 5904: 5902: 5847: 5804:from the original on 25 December 2021 5773:from the original on 25 December 2021 5706: 5627:from the original on 25 December 2021 5276:from the original on 16 February 2022 5227:from the original on 25 December 2021 5208: 5204: 5202: 5200: 5198: 5183:from the original on 25 December 2021 5123:from the original on 25 December 2021 5110: 5089:from the original on 25 December 2021 4918:from the original on 24 December 2021 4809: 4807: 4805: 4803: 4801: 4799: 4797: 4795: 4793: 4791: 4652: 4650: 4648: 4646: 4539: 3938:from the original on 5 September 2023 3580:: drums of various shapes and sizes, 3409:, which reveres the United Kingdom's 3233:environmentalist group published the 3187:have tens of thousands of residents. 2693:(VPF) and the paramilitary wing, the 2263:Climate change in the Pacific Islands 2005:, located on its third largest island 1183:being classified as belonging to the 980:Vanuatu's name derives from the word 916:, who arrived on the largest island, 11497:United States Minor Outlying Islands 10614: 10156: 9512: 9457:from the original on 5 November 2013 9266:from the original on 8 December 2019 8825:from the original on 7 December 2023 8586:from the original on 17 October 2017 8436:from the original on 11 October 2020 8297:Census of Agriculture 2007 (page 18) 8053:from the original on 25 January 2021 7568: 7537: 7463:from the original on 7 November 2017 7430:from the original on 31 October 2017 7193:Veenendaal, Wouter (21 March 2021). 7151: 6722:from the original on 22 January 2017 6509:from the original on 17 January 2019 6235: 6172: 5875: 5791: 5755:Journal de la Société des Océanistes 5675: 5517: 5416: 5328: 5211:"The Vanuatu Labor Corps Experience" 5038:. editorips@usp.ac.fj. p. 423. 4687: 4612: 4440:from the original on 6 December 2021 4394:from the original on 6 December 2021 4364:from the original on 6 December 2021 4334:from the original on 6 December 2021 4162:from the original on 6 December 2021 4068: 4041:United Nations Development Programme 4034:"Human Development Report 2023/2024" 3898:from the original on 2 February 2016 3659:The national dish of Vanuatu is the 3565:A women's dance from Vanuatu, using 2548:since the group's founding in 1992. 2488: 2279: 1759:In foreign affairs, Lini joined the 1690:New Hebrides Representative Assembly 1567:Wartime Vanuatu was the setting for 13172:Member states of the United Nations 13142:British Western Pacific Territories 11475:Australian Indian Ocean Territories 11470:States and territories of Australia 10190:Anglo-French Joint Naval Commission 9888: 9348:"The language situation in Vanuatu" 8988:"Vanuatu cargo cult marks 50 years" 8931:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 8525:from the original on 29 August 2023 7519:from the original on 1 October 2017 7417: 7306:from the original on 17 August 2021 7282: 7133:from the original on 8 January 2016 6962: 6558:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 6199: 6166: 6154:from the original on 2 October 2013 6065: 5876:Hill, Edward R. (3 December 1997), 5827:. Paris: Orstom. pp. 272–282. 5602: 5438: 4696:from the original on 1 October 2021 4406: 4150:Spriggs, Matthew; Bedford, Stuart. 3950: 3317:branch of the Austronesian family. 3009:International Maritime Organization 2556:(MCA) of the United States and the 2330:For a more comprehensive list, see 1787:broke off to form a new party (the 1604:Lead-up to independence (1945–1980) 1442:, bananas, and, most successfully, 13: 13127:Archipelagoes of the Pacific Ocean 11005:List of Oceanian countries by area 9699: 9636:Sprackland, Robert George (1992). 9337:Census of Agriculture 2007 Vanuatu 9174:from the original on 6 August 2021 9098:from the original on 9 August 2017 9029:Squires, Nick (27 February 2007). 8933:. 15 February 2005. Archived from 8851:from the original on 11 April 2023 8701:"Happiness doesn't cost the Earth" 8488:Neate, Rupert (12 February 2022). 7905:from the original on 6 August 2019 7583:from the original on 11 April 2018 7550:from the original on 11 April 2018 7121:Joshua Robertson (15 March 2015). 7102:from the original on 14 March 2015 7072:from the original on 17 March 2015 6777:from the original on 1 August 2009 6655: 6255:from the original on 22 March 2012 6187:from the original on 11 April 2018 6036: 6024:from the original on 31 March 2022 5899: 5623:. University of Central Arkansas. 5460: 5267:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1952.tb00558.x 5195: 4910:MacClancy, Jeremy (January 1981). 4788: 4757:from the original on 20 March 2022 4643: 4050:from the original on 13 March 2024 3975:from the original on 20 April 2023 3929:Vanuatu National Statistics Office 3397:developed. Many died out, but the 2155: 2123:and several underwater volcanoes. 14: 13208: 12559:Heard Island and McDonald Islands 10029: 9130:from the original on 16 June 2019 8986:Mercer, Phil (15 February 2007). 8711:from the original on 6 March 2007 8580:TeleGeography Submarine Cable Map 8556:from the original on 19 July 2023 8544:Massing, Adorina (1 April 2020). 8379:from the original on 30 July 2011 8209:"Vanuatu is 185th member of WIPO" 7860:from the original on 13 July 2012 7732:from the original on 16 June 2023 7653:from the original on 24 July 2019 7489:from the original on 30 July 2019 7399:from the original on 25 July 2019 7174:from the original on 7 April 2020 7060:Coates, Stephen (17 March 2015). 6748:from the original on 23 June 2010 6126:. 8 December 2004. Archived from 6102:"Vanuatu: Elections held in 2002" 5978: 5953: 5380:"Splinters flying in N. Hebrides" 4994:from the original on 29 July 2016 4692:. Pitcairn Islands Study Centre. 4558: 4308:from the original on 7 March 2012 3818:Selmen, Harrison (17 July 2011). 3129: 2001:Map of Vanuatu with its capital, 1958:Reunification Movement for Change 13197:Former least developed countries 12402:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 12138: 12137: 11639:Democratic Republic of the Congo 11487:Commonwealth (U.S. insular area) 11482:Territories of the United States 11206: 10943: 10942: 10691: 10220: 10088: 9248: 9218: 9206:from the original on 8 June 2014 9194:Ritchie, Kerri (29 March 2009). 9187: 9155: 9142: 9080: 9053: 9022: 9019:. royal.gov.uk (25 January 2002) 9010: 8979: 8949: 8919: 8893: 8863: 8837: 8693: 8662: 8630: 8568: 8537: 8507: 8481: 8421: 8365: 8327: 8318: 8309: 8300: 8249: 8240: 8231: 8200: 8174: 8148: 8122: 8101: 8092: 8083: 8074: 8065: 8035: 8003: 7977: 7947: 7917: 7891: 7872: 7846: 7827: 7793:from the original on 1 July 2023 7787:Pacific Islands News Association 7781:Ligaiula, Pita (17 March 2023). 7774: 7762:from the original on 1 July 2023 7744: 7714: 7684: 7665: 7639: 7627:from the original on 10 May 2012 7613: 7595: 7562: 7531: 7501: 7475: 7411: 7381: 7330: 7263: 7237: 7186: 7145: 7084: 7053: 7035: 7010: 6874: 6789: 6742:"Oceania – Vanuatu Summary" 6734: 6605:Bamford, Luci (4 October 2023). 5657:from the original on 31 May 2013 5052:from the original on 22 May 2016 4743:Bule, Leonard; Daruhi, Godfrey. 4668:from the original on 4 June 2019 3868:from the original on 15 May 2023 3744: 3730: 3342:Christianity is the predominant 2970:was filmed on Vanuatu, entitled 2814:neityum – in French: Taféa) 2689:There are two police wings: the 2655:", calling for the phase-out of 2546:The Forum of Small States (FOSS) 2150:Forest Landscape Integrity Index 1226:, the largest island in Vanuatu. 1210:Arrival of Europeans (1606–1906) 927:La Austrialia del Espíritu Santo 854:Bislama and French pronunciation 810: 751: 643: 642: 617: 154: 84: 70: 9872:Pentecost: An island in Vanuatu 9282: 8845:"LDS Facts and Statistics 2022" 8270:USGS Earthquake Hazards Program 8207:Garae, Len (22 December 2011). 7965:from the original on 9 May 2024 7485:. Al Jazeera. 31 January 2013. 6625: 6598: 6576: 6545: 6537:. 20 April 2020. Archived from 6491: 6461: 6425:Radio New Zealand International 6413: 6397:. 28 March 2013. Archived from 6383: 6361: 6343: 6335:. 21 March 2013. Archived from 6333:Radio New Zealand International 6321: 6315:Radio New Zealand International 6303: 6285: 6267: 6248:Radio New Zealand International 6147:Radio New Zealand International 6134: 6094: 6006: 5928: 5841: 5785: 5700: 5669: 5639: 5576: 5539: 5495: 5394: 5372: 5350: 5306: 5171:Buckley, Joe (8 October 2017). 5164: 5135: 4708: 4681: 4587:. Lonely Planet. 2009. p. 4573: 4509: 4468:Journal of Geophysical Research 4422: 4376: 4346: 4320: 4301:Radio New Zealand International 4269: 4074: 3772: 3681:. The top-flight league is the 3632:Laplap, Vanuatu's national dish 3455:University of the South Pacific 3151: 3114:by The Heritage Foundation and 2977:. Two years later, Australia's 2678: 2544:. Vanuatu has been a member of 2291:, the volcano on the island of 1962:2020 Vanuatuan general election 1960:(RMC). Salwai in turn lost the 1950:2016 Vanuatuan general election 1911:2008 Vanuatuan general election 1895:2004 Vanuatuan general election 1891:2002 Vanuatuan general election 1856:1998 Vanuatuan general election 1851:Vanuatu National Provident Fund 908:Vanuatu was first inhabited by 527:27.6/km (71.5/sq mi) ( 13177:Small Island Developing States 13122:1980 establishments in Oceania 12629:British Indian Ocean Territory 12538:Australian Antarctic Territory 12079:International Francophonie Day 9766:Bregulla, Heinrich L. (1992). 9655:Trompf, Garry W., ed. (1987). 9476:Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 9232:. 1 April 2018. Archived from 9060:Squires, Nick (9 April 2021). 8732:The Journal of Pacific History 8266:"Magnitude 7.2 – Vanuatu" 7672:The British Friends of Vanuatu 7649:. UK Government. 3 June 2019. 6552:Wasuka, Evan (18 March 2020). 6427:. 13 June 2013. Archived from 6375:. 22 June 2010. Archived from 5676:Bain, Kenneth (4 March 1994). 5156:(317): 391–392. Archived from 4518:"Southland of the Holy Spirit" 4026: 3987: 3910: 3880: 3854: 3811: 3701:is known for its tradition of 3348:Presbyterian Church in Vanuatu 2485:brew completed the festivity. 2406:Single non-transferable voting 2332:List of earthquakes in Vanuatu 2325: 2013:Rentapau, a wildflowers garden 372:Unitary parliamentary republic 1: 10652: 9969:Taylor, John Patrick (2008). 9584:Reuter, Thomas Anton (2006). 9551:Reuter, Thomas Anton (2002). 9446: 9149: 7879:Vanuatu Military Profile 2012 7538:Wroe, David (10 April 2018). 7212:10.1080/01436597.2021.1890577 7021:. Lonely Planet. p. 19. 5960:Miles, William F. S. (1998). 5935:Miles, William F. S. (1998). 5848:Miles, William F. S. (1998). 5707:Miles, William F. S. (1998). 5402:"New Hebrides Assembly meets" 5248:"John Frum Movement in Tanna" 4516:Rogers Kotlowski, Elizabeth. 3804: 3136:Telecommunications in Vanuatu 2760:ewo – in French: Pénama) 2469:bestowed Vanatu an oversized 2364:The Republic of Vanuatu is a 2340: 2236:Giant East African land snail 1845:were briefly abducted by the 1841:In 1996, Vohor and President 1477: 1384: 1342:in 1887. In 1825, the trader 1280:Louis Antoine de Bougainville 1200: 1045:Notable Lapita sites include 1020: 11436:British Overseas Territories 10349:(National Council of Chiefs) 9929:Atlas du Vanouatou (Vanuatu) 9683:(1st ed.). Shearwater. 9621:. North Ryde, NSW: Cassell. 8901:"World Convention " Vanuatu" 7569:Wroe, David (9 April 2018). 6275:"Govt numbers remain intact" 6212:International Herald Tribune 6173:Wroe, David (9 April 2018). 5079:"A Short History Of Vanuatu" 3692: 3598:music. It combines guitars, 3436: 3368:Seventh-day Adventist Church 3256: 3239:levels of reported happiness 2554:Millennium Challenge Account 2495:Foreign relations of Vanuatu 2442:occurs and the principle of 1986: 1789:Melanesian Progressive Party 1582:reoccupation of the Solomons 1189:Austronesian language family 975: 116:Nous nous tenons devant Dieu 7: 12745:Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) 12623:British Antarctic Territory 12532:Ashmore and Cartier Islands 11835:French Community of Belgium 11267:Ashmore and Cartier Islands 10065:Central Intelligence Agency 9988:Troost, J. Maarten (2006). 9413:(214). De Gruyter: 85–110. 8546:"Vodafone Vanuatu Launched" 8405:. The Heritage Foundation. 7152:Ives, Mike (7 April 2020). 5546:Parsons, Mike (July 1981). 5246:Guiart, Jean (March 1952). 5142:Robequain, Charles (1950). 4977:Vanuatu Country Study Guide 4914:. Vanuatu Cultural Centre. 4158:. Oxford University Press. 3969:International Monetary Fund 3723: 3323: 3198:in English, using a recent 2788:te – in French: Shéfa) 2525:International Monetary Fund 2507:with Indian Prime Minister 2345: 2272:occur from May to October. 2207:, found only on Efate. The 1732:Independence (1980–present) 1652:New Hebrides National Party 1438:, they switched to coffee, 1109:Solomon Islands archipelago 994:, meaning "to stand" (from 10: 13213: 12933:United Nations Secretariat 11451:Overseas country of France 10888:Melanesian Spearhead Group 10094:Wikimedia Atlas of Vanuatu 9927:Siméoni, Patricia (2009). 9870:Mescam, Genevieve (1989). 9842:Harewood, Jocelyn (2012). 7418:Fox, Liam (2 March 2017). 7366:. World Scientific. 2015. 6972:Harewood, Jocelyn (2009). 6917:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3 6708:"Background Note: Vanuatu" 6687:. May 2007. Archived from 4658:"Background Note: Vanuatu" 4181:Bedford & Spriggs 2008 4093:Polynesian Lexicon Project 4018:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 3670: 3621: 3617: 3554: 3543: 3464: 3460: 3429: 3327: 3303:Southern Oceanic languages 3260: 3155: 3133: 2853:A market hall in Port Vila 2842: 2838: 2708: 2685:Law enforcement in Vanuatu 2682: 2558:People's Republic of China 2492: 2349: 2329: 2260: 2256: 2252:List of mammals of Vanuatu 2245: 2159: 1990: 1919:People's Progressive Party 1574:Tales of the South Pacific 1460: 1236:Pedro Fernandes de Queirós 1220:Pedro Fernandes de Queirós 1163:at their greatest extent. 1086:UNESCO World Heritage Site 1013: 1009: 13088: 13067: 12951: 12904: 12883: 12852: 12751: 12701: 12597: 12572: 12522: 12513: 12490: 12195: 12133: 12112: 12061: 12035: 12015: 11889: 11853: 11828:National/regional members 11827: 11556: 11547: 11431: 11364: 11346: 11328: 11295: 11257: 11240: 11215: 11204: 11108: 11027: 11018: 11000: 10990:Countries and territories 10938: 10917: 10901: 10880: 10804: 10768: 10700: 10689: 10660: 10620: 10583: 10501: 10451: 10442: 10395: 10386: 10299: 10290: 10238: 10229: 10218: 10165: 10009:Williamson, Rick (2004). 9889:Rio, Knut Mikjel (2007). 9823:Eriksen, Annelin (2007). 9504:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 9372:Bislama reference grammar 9150:François & Stern 2013 8961:The Sydney Morning Herald 8744:10.1080/00223349408572758 7576:The Sydney Morning Herald 6980:. Lonely Planet. p. 6976:Vanuatu and New Caledonia 6180:The Sydney Morning Herald 5678:"Obituary: Jimmy Stevens" 5548:"Phoenix: ashes to ashes" 5503:"Turmoil in New Hebrides" 5481:10.1080/14662040500304833 5083:South Pacific WWII Museum 4926:– via Academia.edu. 4583:Vanuatu and New Caledonia 4276:"Chief Roi Mata's Domain" 3687:Port Vila Football League 3683:VFF National Super League 3666: 3425: 3305:except for three outlier 3237:, which analysed data on 3112:economically free country 3042:(WIPO) in December 2011. 3029:offshore financial centre 2111:There are several active 1822:becoming prime minister. 1812:Union of Moderate Parties 1624:, commercial fishing and 1411:London Missionary Society 990:, combined with the word 729: 717: 705: 695: 677: 662: 632: 607: 597: 587: 573: 563: 553: 535: 521: 511: 497: 490: 476: 469: 465: 451: 434: 430: 425: 415: 411: 396: 381: 377: 365: 348: 280: 255: 229: 185: 176: 136: 130: 115: 105: 100: 66: 23: 12923:Commonwealth Secretariat 12896:Northern Mariana Islands 12689:Turks and Caicos Islands 11624:Central African Republic 11414:Northern Mariana Islands 10114:16 December 2016 at the 9851:Jolly, Margaret (1993). 9707:Bolton, Lissant (2003). 9617:Shears, Richard (1980). 9513:Hess, Sabine C. (2009). 9470:Harris, Richard (2006). 9298:(1). UP Hawaii: 95–120. 9037:. London. Archived from 8927:"Vanuatu – Island Dress" 8373:"Euromoney Country Risk" 7815:The Vanuatu Police Force 6716:U.S. Department of State 6014:"The 5th Prime Minister" 5621:"Vanuatu (1980–present)" 5220:. University of Hawaii. 5111:Calnitsky, Naomi Alisa. 4715:Langdon, Robert (1984). 4281:26 November 2021 at the 3995:"Gini Index coefficient" 3781:in turns comes from the 3765: 3689:is another competition. 3550: 3539: 3481:Bernice P. Bishop Museum 3338:Roman Catholic cathedral 3227:New Economics Foundation 3174:Men wearing traditional 2937:(both green and cured), 2925:, leaf spices, carrots, 2705:Administrative divisions 2602:People's Liberation Army 2461:of the new $ 21 million 2248:List of birds of Vanuatu 2132:, which is known as the 1873:World Trade Organization 1620:New industries, such as 1596:', most notably that of 1468:Early period (1906–1945) 1457:Colonial era (1906–1980) 1409:and James Harris of the 945:through an Anglo-French 12549:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 12189:Commonwealth of Nations 12084:Jeux de la Francophonie 11277:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 10847:d'Entrecasteaux Islands 9950:Speiser, Felix (1991). 9369:Crowley, Terry (2004). 7275:1 February 2021 at the 5529:Pacific Islands Monthly 5507:Pacific Islands Monthly 5450:Pacific Islands Monthly 5446:"New Hebrides' new era" 5428:Pacific Islands Monthly 5406:Pacific Islands Monthly 5384:Pacific Islands Monthly 5362:Pacific Islands Monthly 5340:Pacific Islands Monthly 5318:Pacific Islands Monthly 4156:Oxford Handbooks Online 4087:24 October 2020 at the 3382:, and others. In 2007, 3158:Demographics of Vanuatu 3116:The Wall Street Journal 2581:UN Human Rights Council 2542:Commonwealth of Nations 2515:Vanuatu has joined the 2503:Vanuatu Prime Minister 2453:In July 2024, Minister 2366:parliamentary democracy 1930:Moana Carcasses Kalosil 1530:island in February 1944 1001: 958:Commonwealth of Nations 513:• 2020 census 230:Official languages 13137:Countries in Melanesia 12918:Asian Development Bank 12905:Observer Organisations 12634:British Virgin Islands 12074:UN French Language Day 11907:Bosnia and Herzegovina 11126:Juan Fernández Islands 10516:Big man (anthropology) 10205:Resident Commissioners 10053:9 January 2021 at the 9675:Wilson, Edward Osborne 9419:10.1515/ijsl-2012-0022 9162:Stern, Monika (2007). 7884:23 August 2012 at the 7513:Radio New Zealand 2017 7043:"WorldRiskReport 2021" 5823:Huffer, Elise (1993). 5794:"Walter Lini obituary" 4662:US Department of State 4619:Salmond, Anne (2010). 4413:"Languages of Vanuatu" 3633: 3569: 3483: 3407:Prince Philip Movement 3376:Neil Thomas Ministries 3339: 3179: 3167: 3104:Asian Development Bank 3088: 3053: 3050:Commercial agriculture 3023:and the developers of 2854: 2720: 2576: 2517:Asian Development Bank 2512: 2361: 2295: 2215:) was introduced as a 2213:Brachylophus fasciatus 2191: 2179: 2115:in Vanuatu, including 2014: 2006: 1883: 1861:Asian Development Bank 1748:, sparking the brief ' 1685: 1613: 1549:attack on Pearl Harbor 1531: 1489:joint naval commission 1483: 1419:beliefs. The Anglican 1390: 1305:off the west coast of 1256: 1227: 1104: 1099:, associated with the 988:Austronesian languages 962: 926: 875:Ripablik blong Vanuatu 874: 866: 106:"Long God yumi stanap" 47: 33:Ripablik blong Vanuatu 32: 12607:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 12515:Dependent territories 12392:Saint Kitts and Nevis 11784:São Tomé and Príncipe 11644:Republic of the Congo 11446:Overseas collectivity 10862:Torres Strait Islands 10822:Louisiade Archipelago 10075:UCB Libraries GovPubs 10036:Government of Vanuatu 9304:10.1353/asi.2008.0003 8576:"Submarine Cable Map" 8465:. 18 September 2020. 7987:. CIA. Archived from 7834:Vanuatu Military 2012 7820:19 April 2012 at the 7515:. 27 September 2017. 7327:Lonely Planet:Vanuatu 7199:Third World Quarterly 6896:Nature Communications 6841:10.1093/biosci/bix014 6694:on 10 September 2008. 6633:"Facts & Figures" 6431:on 28 September 2013. 6219:. 22 September 2008. 6130:on 27 September 2006. 6124:Taiwan News (news.vu) 5767:10.3406/jso.1995.1965 5149:Annales de Géographie 4750:. US Forest Service. 4520:. CHR. Archived from 3631: 3567:bamboo stamping tubes 3564: 3505:Most villages have a 3474: 3337: 3219:Vietnamese in Vanuatu 3173: 3165: 3086: 3048: 2956:SS President Coolidge 2852: 2718: 2683:Further information: 2571: 2563:public infrastructure 2502: 2397:Parliament of Vanuatu 2359: 2287: 2185: 2169: 2130:terrestrial ecoregion 2012: 2000: 1881: 1863:(in 1997) and the US 1804:National United Party 1683: 1629:having little power. 1611: 1521: 1476:Tanna men on a boat, 1475: 1375: 1293:The French landed on 1250:, landing briefly on 1217: 1094: 970:Pacific Islands Forum 867:République de Vanuatu 48:République de Vanuatu 13192:Countries in Oceania 12267:Eswatini (Swaziland) 11881:United Arab Emirates 11458:Realm of New Zealand 10930:Melanesian Super Cup 10827:Bismarck Archipelago 10041:29 July 2014 at the 9808:. World Bank Group. 9640:. Neptune, NJ: TFH. 9226:"Yam Festival Tanna" 8963:. 8 September 2007. 8769:"Culture of Vanuatu" 7726:www.commondreams.org 7607:Hong Kong Free Press 7049:on 1 September 2022. 6594:on 11 November 2020. 6541:on 11 December 2020. 6339:on 23 December 2022. 6150:. 10 December 2004. 6076:"Vanuatu – timeline" 6047:"History in Vanuatu" 5553:New Internationalist 5358:"The Ghost Assembly" 4488:10.1029/2005JD006710 4415:– 2013 archive from 4360:. 29 December 2015. 3931:. 17 November 2021. 3849:Lynch & Pat 1996 3307:Polynesian languages 3299:indigenous languages 3263:Languages of Vanuatu 3247:Ecological Footprint 3231:Friends of the Earth 3098:One report from the 2719:Provinces of Vanuatu 2711:Provinces of Vanuatu 2695:Vanuatu Mobile Force 2691:Vanuatu Police Force 2624:Environmental policy 2374:President of Vanuatu 2370:written constitution 2360:Vanuatu's parliament 2240:saltwater crocodiles 2162:Vanuatu rain forests 2136:. It is part of the 2134:Vanuatu rain forests 1993:Geography of Vanuatu 1903:China-Taiwan dispute 1865:Millennium Challenge 1847:Vanuatu Mobile Force 1820:Maxime Carlot Korman 1761:Non Aligned Movement 1740:, with a ceremonial 1586:Million Dollar Point 1580:With the successful 1218:Portuguese explorer 1181:languages of Vanuatu 1145:Mekosuchus kalpokasi 1113:Bismarck Archipelago 914:Fernandes de Queirós 499:• 2023 estimate 13182:Spanish East Indies 12457:Trinidad and Tobago 12207:Antigua and Barbuda 12120:Francophone economy 9403:François, Alexandre 9262:. 4 November 2019. 9168:Identités musicales 9069:The Daily Telegraph 9041:on 17 December 2007 9035:The Daily Telegraph 7985:"Profile – Vanuatu" 7677:8 July 2011 at the 7483:"Goodbye Indonesia" 6908:2020NatCo..11.5978G 6637:independence.gov.vu 6609:. Kirby Institute. 6505:. 13 October 2015. 6475:. 22 October 2015. 6299:. 11 December 2009. 5688:on 16 November 2020 5535:on 23 October 2020. 5513:on 23 October 2020. 5456:on 23 October 2020. 5434:on 23 October 2020. 5412:on 23 October 2020. 5390:on 23 October 2020. 5368:on 23 October 2020. 5346:on 23 October 2020. 5324:on 23 October 2020. 5302:on 16 October 2003. 5209:Lindstrom, Lamont. 5160:on 9 December 2018. 4524:on 24 December 2021 4480:2006JGRD..11112107G 3705:, locally known as 3602:and popular songs. 3523:menstruation period 3413:. Villagers of the 3380:Jehovah's Witnesses 3344:religion in Vanuatu 3330:Religion in Vanuatu 3301:, all of which are 3031:. Vanuatu receives 3013:flag of convenience 2659:and the 'rapid and 2463:Presidential palace 2352:Politics of Vanuatu 1926:Green Confederation 1827:no confidence votes 1793:Ati George Sokomanu 1558:Vanuatu Labor Corps 1393:From 1839 onwards, 1103:World Heritage Site 922:Spanish East Indies 863:Republic of Vanuatu 391:Nikenike Vurobaravu 210: / 125:"With God we stand" 25:Republic of Vanuatu 12125:Senghor University 11922:Dominican Republic 10852:Raja Ampat Islands 10832:Santa Cruz Islands 10728:Western New Guinea 10417:Telecommunications 10060:The World Factbook 9954:. Crawford House. 9292:Asian Perspectives 9236:on 8 December 2019 8618:on 5 December 2010 8550:Vanuatu Daily Post 8399:"Country Rankings" 8213:Vanuatu Daily Post 8043:"Vanuatu Councils" 7839:6 May 2012 at the 7702:on 7 November 2020 7160:The New York Times 6395:Vanuatu Daily Post 6297:Vanuatu Daily Post 6279:Vanuatu Daily Post 5651:The New York Times 4622:Aphrodite's Island 4358:ABC Radio Canberra 3999:The World Factbook 3830:on 25 January 2012 3824:Vanuatu Daily Post 3793:, p. 29; and 3783:Proto-Austronesian 3760:Outline of Vanuatu 3638:cuisine of Vanuatu 3634: 3624:Cuisine of Vanuatu 3570: 3484: 3467:Culture of Vanuatu 3420:Queen Elizabeth II 3340: 3273:official languages 3235:Happy Planet Index 3180: 3168: 3089: 3054: 2980:Celebrity Survivor 2859:financial services 2855: 2845:Economy of Vanuatu 2721: 2667:and strengthening 2585:Western New Guinea 2577: 2575:concert in Vanuatu 2513: 2477:with "China Aid". 2444:adverse possession 2424:British common law 2385:head of government 2362: 2296: 2209:Fiji banded iguana 2197:Pteropus anetianus 2192: 2180: 2138:Australasian realm 2023:Matthew and Hunter 2015: 2007: 1884: 1726:Phoenix Foundation 1686: 1614: 1532: 1484: 1436:American Civil War 1432:cotton plantations 1421:Melanesian Mission 1391: 1357:During the 1860s, 1299:Captain James Cook 1257:La Austrialia del 1238:, sailing for the 1228: 1153:Meiolania damelipi 1105: 1016:History of Vanuatu 861:), officially the 583:2023 estimate 549:2023 estimate 257:Ethnic groups 16:Country in Oceania 13104: 13103: 13098: 13097: 12952:Dialogue partners 12875:Wallis and Futuna 12853:Associate members 12711: 12710: 12697: 12696: 12554:Coral Sea Islands 12492:Associated states 12151: 12150: 12031: 12030: 12016:Suspended members 11854:Associate members 11664:Equatorial Guinea 11507: 11506: 11427: 11426: 11320:Wallis and Futuna 11305:Clipperton Island 11282:Coral Sea Islands 11218:Associated states 11202: 11201: 11138:Galápagos Islands 10956: 10955: 10909:Political parties 10867:Trobriand Islands 10701:Other territories 10607: 10606: 10579: 10578: 10438: 10437: 10382: 10381: 10364:Political parties 10319:Foreign relations 10286: 10285: 10020:978-1-58976-236-7 10001:978-0-7679-2199-2 9980:978-0-8248-3302-2 9961:978-1-86333-021-3 9942:978-2-9533362-0-7 9919:978-0-8248-3012-0 9900:978-1-84545-293-3 9881:978-982-02-0052-4 9862:978-3-7186-5453-6 9834:978-0-7546-7209-8 9815:978-0-8213-7909-7 9796:978-0-7136-4690-0 9777:978-0-904614-34-3 9758:978-1-55992-080-3 9751:. Lonely Planet. 9739:978-0-8248-1956-9 9718:978-0-8248-2535-5 9690:978-1-55963-288-1 9666:978-0-88344-269-2 9647:978-0-86622-634-9 9628:978-0-7269-7866-1 9597:978-1-920942-69-4 9564:978-0-8248-2450-1 9543:978-0-85883-440-8 9524:978-1-84545-599-6 9382:978-0-8248-2880-6 9361:978-1-85359-921-7 8276:on 10 August 2007 7991:on 9 January 2021 7758:. 22 March 2023. 7373:978-981-4713-03-0 7098:. 14 March 2015. 7028:978-1-74059-239-0 6991:978-0-86622-634-9 6503:Radio New Zealand 6473:Radio New Zealand 6049:. Lonely Planet. 5045:978-982-02-0342-6 4987:978-1-4387-5649-3 4636:978-0-520-26114-3 4598:978-1-74104-792-9 4043:. 13 March 2024. 3892:worldometers.info 3534:Grace Mera Molisa 3432:Health in Vanuatu 3297:In addition, 113 3217:The community of 3123:sells citizenship 3001:capital gains tax 2973:Survivor: Vanuatu 2669:environmental law 2489:Foreign relations 2280:Tropical cyclones 2125:Volcanic activity 2106:continental shelf 2098:Mount Tabwemasana 1974:COVID-19 pandemic 1836:Vanuatu passports 1798:One such person, 1363:indentured labour 1350:on the island of 1340:John and Winthrop 1061:off the coast of 858:[vanuatu] 741: 740: 626:medium inequality 599:• Per capita 565:• Per capita 461:15 September 1981 169: 13204: 13157:Island countries 12814:Papua New Guinea 12784:Marshall Islands 12774:French Polynesia 12738: 12731: 12724: 12715: 12714: 12674:Pitcairn Islands 12644:Falkland Islands 12544:Christmas Island 12520: 12519: 12382:Papua New Guinea 12197:Sovereign states 12178: 12171: 12164: 12155: 12154: 12141: 12140: 11554: 11553: 11534: 11527: 11520: 11511: 11510: 11356:Pitcairn Islands 11310:French Polynesia 11272:Christmas Island 11255: 11254: 11210: 11075:Papua New Guinea 11050:Marshall Islands 11025: 11024: 11020:Sovereign states 10983: 10976: 10969: 10960: 10959: 10946: 10945: 10857:Schouten Islands 10812:Island Melanesia 10695: 10673:Papua New Guinea 10661:Sovereign states 10647: 10640: 10633: 10624: 10623: 10615:Related articles 10611: 10610: 10592: 10469: 10449: 10448: 10430: 10413: 10393: 10392: 10332: 10297: 10296: 10236: 10235: 10224: 10151: 10144: 10137: 10128: 10127: 10092: 10091: 10024: 10005: 9984: 9965: 9946: 9935:: Géo-consulte. 9923: 9904: 9885: 9866: 9847: 9838: 9819: 9800: 9781: 9768:Birds of Vanuatu 9762: 9743: 9722: 9694: 9670: 9651: 9632: 9613: 9611: 9609: 9580: 9578: 9576: 9547: 9528: 9509: 9503: 9495: 9493: 9491: 9465: 9464: 9462: 9442: 9440: 9438: 9398: 9396: 9394: 9365: 9333: 9315: 9276: 9275: 9273: 9271: 9252: 9246: 9245: 9243: 9241: 9222: 9216: 9215: 9213: 9211: 9191: 9185: 9183: 9181: 9179: 9159: 9153: 9146: 9140: 9139: 9137: 9135: 9129: 9122: 9114: 9108: 9107: 9105: 9103: 9084: 9078: 9077: 9065: 9057: 9051: 9050: 9048: 9046: 9026: 9020: 9014: 9008: 9007: 9005: 9003: 8983: 8977: 8976: 8974: 8972: 8953: 8947: 8946: 8944: 8942: 8923: 8917: 8916: 8914: 8912: 8903:. Archived from 8897: 8891: 8890: 8888: 8886: 8877:. Archived from 8867: 8861: 8860: 8858: 8856: 8841: 8835: 8834: 8832: 8830: 8815: 8809: 8803: 8797: 8791: 8785: 8784: 8782: 8780: 8765: 8756: 8755: 8727: 8721: 8720: 8718: 8716: 8707:. 12 July 2006. 8697: 8691: 8690: 8688: 8686: 8666: 8660: 8659: 8657: 8655: 8649: 8642: 8634: 8628: 8627: 8625: 8623: 8617: 8610: 8602: 8596: 8595: 8593: 8591: 8572: 8566: 8565: 8563: 8561: 8541: 8535: 8534: 8532: 8530: 8521:. 22 July 2023. 8511: 8505: 8504: 8502: 8500: 8485: 8479: 8478: 8476: 8474: 8455: 8446: 8445: 8443: 8441: 8425: 8419: 8418: 8416: 8414: 8395: 8389: 8388: 8386: 8384: 8369: 8363: 8362: 8360: 8358: 8343: 8334: 8331: 8325: 8322: 8316: 8313: 8307: 8304: 8298: 8295: 8286: 8285: 8283: 8281: 8272:. Archived from 8262: 8256: 8253: 8247: 8244: 8238: 8235: 8229: 8228: 8226: 8224: 8219:on 28 March 2012 8215:. Archived from 8204: 8198: 8197: 8195: 8193: 8178: 8172: 8171: 8169: 8167: 8162:on 29 April 2009 8152: 8146: 8145: 8143: 8141: 8126: 8120: 8114: 8108: 8105: 8099: 8096: 8090: 8087: 8081: 8078: 8072: 8069: 8063: 8062: 8060: 8058: 8039: 8033: 8032: 8030: 8028: 8022: 8015: 8007: 8001: 8000: 7998: 7996: 7981: 7975: 7974: 7972: 7970: 7951: 7945: 7944: 7942: 7940: 7921: 7915: 7914: 7912: 7910: 7895: 7889: 7876: 7870: 7869: 7867: 7865: 7850: 7844: 7831: 7825: 7812: 7803: 7802: 7800: 7798: 7778: 7772: 7771: 7769: 7767: 7748: 7742: 7741: 7739: 7737: 7718: 7712: 7711: 7709: 7707: 7698:. Archived from 7688: 7682: 7669: 7663: 7662: 7660: 7658: 7643: 7637: 7636: 7634: 7632: 7623:. NationMaster. 7617: 7611: 7610: 7599: 7593: 7592: 7590: 7588: 7566: 7560: 7559: 7557: 7555: 7535: 7529: 7528: 7526: 7524: 7505: 7499: 7498: 7496: 7494: 7479: 7473: 7472: 7470: 7468: 7459:. 7 March 2017. 7449: 7440: 7439: 7437: 7435: 7415: 7409: 7408: 7406: 7404: 7395:. 22 July 2019. 7385: 7379: 7377: 7360: 7354: 7353: 7351: 7349: 7342:The Manila Times 7334: 7328: 7325: 7316: 7315: 7313: 7311: 7305: 7294: 7286: 7280: 7267: 7261: 7260: 7258: 7256: 7251:on 30 April 2009 7241: 7235: 7234: 7224: 7214: 7205:(6): 1330–1346. 7190: 7184: 7183: 7181: 7179: 7157: 7149: 7143: 7142: 7140: 7138: 7118: 7112: 7111: 7109: 7107: 7088: 7082: 7081: 7079: 7077: 7057: 7051: 7050: 7039: 7033: 7032: 7014: 7008: 7002: 6996: 6995: 6979: 6969: 6960: 6954: 6948: 6947: 6937: 6919: 6887: 6881: 6878: 6872: 6871: 6861: 6843: 6819: 6813: 6812: 6810: 6808: 6793: 6787: 6786: 6784: 6782: 6767: 6758: 6757: 6755: 6753: 6738: 6732: 6731: 6729: 6727: 6704: 6698: 6695: 6693: 6682: 6674: 6653: 6652: 6650: 6648: 6629: 6623: 6622: 6620: 6618: 6602: 6596: 6595: 6580: 6574: 6573: 6571: 6569: 6549: 6543: 6542: 6525: 6519: 6518: 6516: 6514: 6495: 6489: 6488: 6486: 6484: 6465: 6459: 6458: 6456: 6454: 6439: 6433: 6432: 6417: 6411: 6410: 6408: 6406: 6401:on 22 April 2013 6387: 6381: 6380: 6365: 6359: 6358: 6357:on 24 July 2010. 6347: 6341: 6340: 6325: 6319: 6318: 6307: 6301: 6300: 6289: 6283: 6282: 6271: 6265: 6264: 6262: 6260: 6251:. 4 March 2007. 6239: 6233: 6232: 6230: 6228: 6217:Associated Press 6203: 6197: 6196: 6194: 6192: 6170: 6164: 6163: 6161: 6159: 6138: 6132: 6131: 6116: 6110: 6109: 6108:on 10 June 2011. 6098: 6092: 6091: 6089: 6087: 6072: 6063: 6062: 6060: 6058: 6043: 6034: 6033: 6031: 6029: 6020:. 30 July 2020. 6010: 6004: 6003: 5982: 5976: 5975: 5957: 5951: 5950: 5932: 5926: 5925: 5923: 5921: 5910: 5897: 5896: 5895: 5893: 5888:on 31 March 2011 5873: 5864: 5863: 5845: 5839: 5838: 5820: 5814: 5813: 5811: 5809: 5789: 5783: 5782: 5780: 5778: 5746: 5723: 5722: 5704: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5693: 5684:. Archived from 5673: 5667: 5666: 5664: 5662: 5643: 5637: 5636: 5634: 5632: 5617: 5600: 5599: 5597: 5595: 5590:on 18 April 2011 5580: 5574: 5568: 5562: 5561: 5556:. Archived from 5543: 5537: 5536: 5521: 5515: 5514: 5499: 5493: 5492: 5464: 5458: 5457: 5442: 5436: 5435: 5420: 5414: 5413: 5398: 5392: 5391: 5376: 5370: 5369: 5354: 5348: 5347: 5332: 5326: 5325: 5310: 5304: 5303: 5292: 5286: 5285: 5283: 5281: 5275: 5252: 5243: 5237: 5236: 5234: 5232: 5226: 5215: 5206: 5193: 5192: 5190: 5188: 5168: 5162: 5161: 5139: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5128: 5108: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5094: 5075: 5062: 5061: 5059: 5057: 5029: 5023: 5022: 5010: 5004: 5003: 5001: 4999: 4972: 4966: 4965: 4953: 4947: 4946: 4934: 4928: 4927: 4925: 4923: 4907: 4786: 4785: 4778:, p. 12-14. 4773: 4767: 4766: 4764: 4762: 4756: 4749: 4740: 4731: 4730: 4712: 4706: 4705: 4703: 4701: 4688:Wahlroos, Sven. 4685: 4679: 4677: 4675: 4673: 4654: 4641: 4640: 4616: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4605: 4586: 4577: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4556: 4537: 4536: 4531: 4529: 4513: 4507: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4496: 4465: 4456: 4450: 4449: 4447: 4445: 4426: 4420: 4410: 4404: 4403: 4401: 4399: 4390:. 9 March 2018. 4380: 4374: 4373: 4371: 4369: 4350: 4344: 4343: 4341: 4339: 4324: 4318: 4317: 4315: 4313: 4292: 4286: 4273: 4267: 4266: 4251: 4242: 4241: 4239: 4237: 4221: 4184: 4178: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4147: 4108: 4102: 4096: 4078: 4072: 4066: 4060: 4059: 4057: 4055: 4049: 4038: 4030: 4024: 4023: 4017: 4009: 4007: 4005: 3991: 3985: 3984: 3982: 3980: 3961: 3948: 3947: 3945: 3943: 3937: 3922: 3914: 3908: 3907: 3905: 3903: 3884: 3878: 3877: 3875: 3873: 3858: 3852: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3837: 3835: 3826:. Archived from 3815: 3798: 3776: 3754: 3752:Countries portal 3749: 3748: 3740: 3735: 3734: 3714:harvest festival 3673:Sport in Vanuatu 3574:music of Vanuatu 3572:The traditional 3557:Music of Vanuatu 3546:Media of Vanuatu 3391:Second World War 3384:Islam in Vanuatu 3372:Church of Christ 3213: 3197: 3021:Sharman Networks 2975:—Islands of Fire 2665:renewable energy 2651:) launched the " 2465:built by China. 2459:opening ceremony 2446:does not exist. 2428:French civil law 2186:Erakor Beach on 2170:Cinder plain of 2092:, on Efate, and 1777:French Polynesia 1746:Papua New Guinea 1646:In 1971, Father 1569:James Michener's 1562:segregated force 1536:Second World War 1513:French Indochina 1482: 1479: 1389: 1386: 1346:'s discovery of 1288:Pentecost Island 1262: 1246:, sailed by the 1205: 1202: 1117:Papua New Guinea 1038:in the north to 1004: 967: 929: 860: 855: 848: 842: 841: 838: 837: 834: 831: 828: 825: 822: 819: 816: 804: 800: 795: 794: 793: 792: 785: 782: 781: 778: 775: 772: 769: 766: 763: 760: 757: 750: 686: 653: 652: 646: 645: 639: 628: 627: 621: 620: 614: 580: 546: 436:• from the 225: 224: 222: 221: 220: 215: 211: 208: 207: 206: 203: 188:and largest city 181: 171: 170: 151: 147: 143: 142: 139:Yumi, Yumi, Yumi 126: 122: 118: 117: 112: 108: 107: 88: 74: 58: 50: 43: 35: 21: 20: 13212: 13211: 13207: 13206: 13205: 13203: 13202: 13201: 13107: 13106: 13105: 13100: 13099: 13094: 13084: 13063: 12947: 12900: 12879: 12848: 12829:Solomon Islands 12747: 12742: 12712: 12707: 12693: 12593: 12583:Ross Dependency 12568: 12509: 12486: 12427:Solomon Islands 12199: 12191: 12182: 12152: 12147: 12129: 12108: 12069:French language 12057: 12027: 12011: 11885: 11849: 11823: 11719:North Macedonia 11543: 11538: 11508: 11503: 11441:Overseas France 11423: 11360: 11342: 11324: 11291: 11251: 11246: 11236: 11220: 11211: 11198: 11170:Southwest Papua 11104: 11085:Solomon Islands 11014: 10996: 10987: 10957: 10952: 10934: 10913: 10897: 10876: 10872:Woodlark Island 10837:Loyalty Islands 10800: 10764: 10753:Southwest Papua 10696: 10687: 10678:Solomon Islands 10656: 10651: 10616: 10608: 10603: 10595: 10588: 10575: 10561:Public holidays 10497: 10463: 10434: 10428: 10407: 10378: 10341:Law enforcement 10326: 10282: 10225: 10216: 10161: 10155: 10116:Wayback Machine 10089: 10055:Wayback Machine 10043:Wayback Machine 10032: 10027: 10021: 10002: 9981: 9962: 9943: 9920: 9901: 9882: 9863: 9835: 9816: 9797: 9778: 9759: 9740: 9729:Arts of Vanuatu 9719: 9702: 9700:Further reading 9697: 9691: 9667: 9648: 9629: 9607: 9605: 9598: 9590:. ANU E Press. 9574: 9572: 9565: 9544: 9525: 9497: 9496: 9489: 9487: 9460: 9458: 9436: 9434: 9392: 9390: 9383: 9362: 9354:. Vol. 1. 9285: 9280: 9279: 9269: 9267: 9254: 9253: 9249: 9239: 9237: 9224: 9223: 9219: 9209: 9207: 9192: 9188: 9177: 9175: 9160: 9156: 9147: 9143: 9133: 9131: 9127: 9120: 9116: 9115: 9111: 9101: 9099: 9086: 9085: 9081: 9058: 9054: 9044: 9042: 9027: 9023: 9015: 9011: 9001: 8999: 8984: 8980: 8970: 8968: 8955: 8954: 8950: 8940: 8938: 8925: 8924: 8920: 8910: 8908: 8899: 8898: 8894: 8884: 8882: 8881:on 2 March 2021 8875:www.thearda.com 8869: 8868: 8864: 8854: 8852: 8843: 8842: 8838: 8828: 8826: 8817: 8816: 8812: 8804: 8800: 8792: 8788: 8778: 8776: 8767: 8766: 8759: 8728: 8724: 8714: 8712: 8699: 8698: 8694: 8684: 8682: 8667: 8663: 8653: 8651: 8647: 8640: 8636: 8635: 8631: 8621: 8619: 8615: 8608: 8604: 8603: 8599: 8589: 8587: 8574: 8573: 8569: 8559: 8557: 8542: 8538: 8528: 8526: 8519:The Independent 8513: 8512: 8508: 8498: 8496: 8486: 8482: 8472: 8470: 8457: 8456: 8449: 8439: 8437: 8426: 8422: 8412: 8410: 8397: 8396: 8392: 8382: 8380: 8371: 8370: 8366: 8356: 8354: 8353:on 3 April 2007 8345: 8344: 8337: 8332: 8328: 8323: 8319: 8314: 8310: 8305: 8301: 8296: 8289: 8279: 8277: 8264: 8263: 8259: 8254: 8250: 8245: 8241: 8236: 8232: 8222: 8220: 8205: 8201: 8191: 8189: 8188:on 18 July 2010 8180: 8179: 8175: 8165: 8163: 8154: 8153: 8149: 8139: 8137: 8136:on 3 April 2007 8128: 8127: 8123: 8115: 8111: 8106: 8102: 8097: 8093: 8088: 8084: 8079: 8075: 8070: 8066: 8056: 8054: 8041: 8040: 8036: 8026: 8024: 8020: 8013: 8009: 8008: 8004: 7994: 7992: 7983: 7982: 7978: 7968: 7966: 7953: 7952: 7948: 7938: 7936: 7931:. 5 June 2018. 7923: 7922: 7918: 7908: 7906: 7897: 7896: 7892: 7886:Wayback Machine 7877: 7873: 7863: 7861: 7852: 7851: 7847: 7841:Wayback Machine 7832: 7828: 7822:Wayback Machine 7813: 7806: 7796: 7794: 7779: 7775: 7765: 7763: 7750: 7749: 7745: 7735: 7733: 7720: 7719: 7715: 7705: 7703: 7690: 7689: 7685: 7679:Wayback Machine 7670: 7666: 7656: 7654: 7645: 7644: 7640: 7630: 7628: 7619: 7618: 7614: 7601: 7600: 7596: 7586: 7584: 7567: 7563: 7553: 7551: 7536: 7532: 7522: 7520: 7507: 7506: 7502: 7492: 7490: 7481: 7480: 7476: 7466: 7464: 7451: 7450: 7443: 7433: 7431: 7416: 7412: 7402: 7400: 7387: 7386: 7382: 7374: 7362: 7361: 7357: 7347: 7345: 7336: 7335: 7331: 7326: 7319: 7309: 7307: 7303: 7292: 7288: 7287: 7283: 7277:Wayback Machine 7268: 7264: 7254: 7252: 7243: 7242: 7238: 7191: 7187: 7177: 7175: 7150: 7146: 7136: 7134: 7119: 7115: 7105: 7103: 7090: 7089: 7085: 7075: 7073: 7058: 7054: 7041: 7040: 7036: 7029: 7015: 7011: 7003: 6999: 6992: 6970: 6963: 6957:Sprackland 1992 6955: 6951: 6888: 6884: 6879: 6875: 6820: 6816: 6806: 6804: 6803:on 13 July 2011 6795: 6794: 6790: 6780: 6778: 6769: 6768: 6761: 6751: 6749: 6740: 6739: 6735: 6725: 6723: 6706: 6705: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6680: 6676: 6675: 6656: 6646: 6644: 6631: 6630: 6626: 6616: 6614: 6603: 6599: 6582: 6581: 6577: 6567: 6565: 6550: 6546: 6527: 6526: 6522: 6512: 6510: 6497: 6496: 6492: 6482: 6480: 6467: 6466: 6462: 6452: 6450: 6441: 6440: 6436: 6419: 6418: 6414: 6404: 6402: 6389: 6388: 6384: 6379:on 3 June 2019. 6367: 6366: 6362: 6349: 6348: 6344: 6327: 6326: 6322: 6317:. 26 June 2011. 6309: 6308: 6304: 6291: 6290: 6286: 6273: 6272: 6268: 6258: 6256: 6241: 6240: 6236: 6226: 6224: 6205: 6204: 6200: 6190: 6188: 6171: 6167: 6157: 6155: 6140: 6139: 6135: 6118: 6117: 6113: 6100: 6099: 6095: 6085: 6083: 6074: 6073: 6066: 6056: 6054: 6045: 6044: 6037: 6027: 6025: 6012: 6011: 6007: 6000: 5992:. p. 843. 5983: 5979: 5972: 5958: 5954: 5947: 5933: 5929: 5919: 5917: 5916:. Freedom House 5912: 5911: 5900: 5891: 5889: 5874: 5867: 5860: 5846: 5842: 5835: 5821: 5817: 5807: 5805: 5790: 5786: 5776: 5774: 5747: 5726: 5719: 5705: 5701: 5691: 5689: 5682:The Independent 5674: 5670: 5660: 5658: 5653:. 9 June 1980. 5645: 5644: 5640: 5630: 5628: 5619: 5618: 5603: 5593: 5591: 5582: 5581: 5577: 5569: 5565: 5560:on 11 May 2010. 5544: 5540: 5523: 5522: 5518: 5501: 5500: 5496: 5465: 5461: 5444: 5443: 5439: 5422: 5421: 5417: 5400: 5399: 5395: 5378: 5377: 5373: 5356: 5355: 5351: 5334: 5333: 5329: 5312: 5311: 5307: 5294: 5293: 5289: 5279: 5277: 5273: 5250: 5244: 5240: 5230: 5228: 5224: 5213: 5207: 5196: 5186: 5184: 5169: 5165: 5140: 5136: 5126: 5124: 5109: 5102: 5092: 5090: 5077: 5076: 5065: 5055: 5053: 5046: 5030: 5026: 5016: 5015:, p. 26-7. 5013:Van Trease 1987 5011: 5007: 4997: 4995: 4988: 4974: 4973: 4969: 4959: 4956:Van Trease 1987 4954: 4950: 4940: 4937:Van Trease 1987 4935: 4931: 4921: 4919: 4908: 4789: 4779: 4776:Van Trease 1987 4774: 4770: 4760: 4758: 4754: 4747: 4741: 4734: 4727: 4713: 4709: 4699: 4697: 4686: 4682: 4678: 4671: 4669: 4656: 4655: 4644: 4637: 4617: 4613: 4603: 4601: 4599: 4579: 4578: 4574: 4566:10.1.1.533.9909 4557: 4540: 4527: 4525: 4514: 4510: 4500: 4498: 4494: 4463: 4457: 4453: 4443: 4441: 4436:. 9 June 2011. 4428: 4427: 4423: 4411: 4407: 4397: 4395: 4382: 4381: 4377: 4367: 4365: 4352: 4351: 4347: 4337: 4335: 4326: 4325: 4321: 4311: 4309: 4304:. 9 July 2008. 4294: 4293: 4289: 4283:Wayback Machine 4274: 4270: 4253: 4252: 4245: 4235: 4233: 4222: 4187: 4179: 4175: 4165: 4163: 4148: 4111: 4103: 4099: 4089:Wayback Machine 4079: 4075: 4067: 4063: 4053: 4051: 4047: 4036: 4032: 4031: 4027: 4011: 4010: 4003: 4001: 3993: 3992: 3988: 3978: 3976: 3963: 3962: 3951: 3941: 3939: 3935: 3920: 3916: 3915: 3911: 3901: 3899: 3886: 3885: 3881: 3871: 3869: 3860: 3859: 3855: 3847: 3843: 3833: 3831: 3816: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3801: 3777: 3773: 3768: 3750: 3743: 3736: 3729: 3726: 3695: 3675: 3669: 3626: 3620: 3559: 3553: 3548: 3542: 3469: 3463: 3439: 3434: 3428: 3332: 3326: 3265: 3259: 3243:life expectancy 3211: 3210:. About 20,000 3191: 3160: 3154: 3138: 3132: 3005:inheritance tax 2997:withholding tax 2847: 2841: 2784:epherds group, 2713: 2707: 2687: 2681: 2661:just transition 2641:Solomon Islands 2626: 2573:Free West Papua 2497: 2491: 2481:and ceremonial 2354: 2348: 2343: 2335: 2328: 2318:In April 2020, 2313:Ralph Regenvanu 2298:In March 2015, 2282: 2265: 2259: 2254: 2205:flowerpot snake 2164: 2158: 2156:Flora and fauna 2019:volcanic origin 1995: 1989: 1981:cervical cancer 1972:and the global 1843:Jean-Marie Léyé 1838:to foreigners. 1800:Donald Kalpokas 1734: 1622:cattle ranching 1606: 1480: 1470: 1465: 1459: 1387: 1269:Nueva Jerusalem 1265:Terra Australis 1212: 1203: 1095:Cave drawings, 1065:, and Makue on 1023: 1018: 1012: 978: 899:Solomon Islands 897:, southeast of 853: 846: 813: 809: 802: 798: 788: 787: 754: 748: 747: 681: 650: 649: 648: 637: 625: 624: 623: 612: 600: 593:$ 1.064 billion 590: 578: 566: 559:$ 1.002 billion 556: 540: 524: 514: 500: 479: 458: 457:United Nations 455:Admitted to the 444: 402: 387: 344: 319: 284: 276: 261: 251: 218: 216: 212: 209: 204: 201: 199: 197: 196: 195: 189: 172: 155: 152: 149: 148: 145: 124: 123: 120: 113: 110: 96: 95: 94: 89: 81: 80: 75: 62: 61: 52: 37: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 13210: 13200: 13199: 13194: 13189: 13184: 13179: 13174: 13169: 13164: 13159: 13154: 13149: 13144: 13139: 13134: 13129: 13124: 13119: 13102: 13101: 13096: 13095: 13093: 13092: 13089: 13086: 13085: 13083: 13082: 13077: 13071: 13069: 13065: 13064: 13062: 13061: 13056: 13054:United Kingdom 13051: 13046: 13041: 13036: 13031: 13026: 13021: 13016: 13011: 13006: 13001: 12996: 12991: 12986: 12981: 12979:European Union 12976: 12971: 12966: 12961: 12955: 12953: 12949: 12948: 12946: 12945: 12940: 12935: 12930: 12925: 12920: 12915: 12908: 12906: 12902: 12901: 12899: 12898: 12893: 12887: 12885: 12881: 12880: 12878: 12877: 12872: 12867: 12862: 12860:American Samoa 12856: 12854: 12850: 12849: 12847: 12846: 12841: 12836: 12831: 12826: 12821: 12816: 12811: 12806: 12801: 12796: 12791: 12786: 12781: 12776: 12771: 12766: 12761: 12755: 12753: 12749: 12748: 12741: 12740: 12733: 12726: 12718: 12709: 12708: 12702: 12699: 12698: 12695: 12694: 12692: 12691: 12686: 12681: 12676: 12671: 12666: 12661: 12656: 12651: 12646: 12641: 12639:Cayman Islands 12636: 12631: 12626: 12619: 12614: 12609: 12603: 12601: 12599:United Kingdom 12595: 12594: 12592: 12591: 12586: 12578: 12576: 12570: 12569: 12567: 12566: 12564:Norfolk Island 12561: 12556: 12551: 12546: 12541: 12534: 12528: 12526: 12517: 12511: 12510: 12508: 12507: 12502: 12496: 12494: 12488: 12487: 12485: 12484: 12479: 12474: 12472:United Kingdom 12469: 12464: 12459: 12454: 12449: 12444: 12439: 12434: 12429: 12424: 12419: 12414: 12409: 12404: 12399: 12394: 12389: 12384: 12379: 12374: 12369: 12364: 12359: 12354: 12349: 12344: 12339: 12334: 12329: 12324: 12319: 12314: 12309: 12304: 12299: 12294: 12289: 12284: 12279: 12274: 12269: 12264: 12259: 12254: 12249: 12244: 12239: 12234: 12229: 12224: 12219: 12214: 12209: 12203: 12201: 12193: 12192: 12181: 12180: 12173: 12166: 12158: 12149: 12148: 12146: 12145: 12134: 12131: 12130: 12128: 12127: 12122: 12116: 12114: 12110: 12109: 12107: 12106: 12101: 12096: 12091: 12086: 12081: 12076: 12071: 12065: 12063: 12059: 12058: 12056: 12055: 12050: 12045: 12039: 12037: 12033: 12032: 12029: 12028: 12026: 12025: 12019: 12017: 12013: 12012: 12010: 12009: 12004: 11999: 11994: 11989: 11984: 11979: 11974: 11969: 11964: 11959: 11954: 11949: 11944: 11939: 11934: 11929: 11924: 11919: 11917:Czech Republic 11914: 11909: 11904: 11899: 11893: 11891: 11887: 11886: 11884: 11883: 11878: 11873: 11868: 11863: 11857: 11855: 11851: 11850: 11848: 11847: 11842: 11837: 11831: 11829: 11825: 11824: 11822: 11821: 11816: 11811: 11806: 11801: 11796: 11791: 11786: 11781: 11776: 11771: 11766: 11761: 11756: 11751: 11746: 11741: 11736: 11731: 11726: 11721: 11716: 11711: 11706: 11701: 11696: 11691: 11686: 11681: 11676: 11671: 11666: 11661: 11656: 11651: 11646: 11641: 11636: 11631: 11626: 11621: 11616: 11611: 11606: 11601: 11596: 11591: 11586: 11581: 11576: 11571: 11566: 11560: 11558: 11551: 11545: 11544: 11537: 11536: 11529: 11522: 11514: 11505: 11504: 11502: 11501: 11500: 11499: 11494: 11489: 11479: 11478: 11477: 11467: 11466: 11465: 11455: 11454: 11453: 11448: 11438: 11432: 11429: 11428: 11425: 11424: 11422: 11421: 11416: 11411: 11406: 11401: 11399:Johnston Atoll 11396: 11391: 11389:Howland Island 11386: 11381: 11376: 11374:American Samoa 11370: 11368: 11362: 11361: 11359: 11358: 11352: 11350: 11348:United Kingdom 11344: 11343: 11341: 11340: 11334: 11332: 11326: 11325: 11323: 11322: 11317: 11312: 11307: 11301: 11299: 11293: 11292: 11290: 11289: 11287:Norfolk Island 11284: 11279: 11274: 11269: 11263: 11261: 11252: 11241: 11238: 11237: 11235: 11234: 11229: 11223: 11221: 11216: 11213: 11212: 11205: 11203: 11200: 11199: 11197: 11196: 11195: 11194: 11189: 11179: 11178: 11177: 11172: 11167: 11162: 11157: 11155:Highland Papua 11152: 11142: 11141: 11140: 11130: 11129: 11128: 11123: 11112: 11110: 11106: 11105: 11103: 11102: 11097: 11092: 11087: 11082: 11077: 11072: 11067: 11062: 11057: 11052: 11047: 11042: 11037: 11031: 11029: 11022: 11016: 11015: 11013: 11012: 11007: 11001: 10998: 10997: 10986: 10985: 10978: 10971: 10963: 10954: 10953: 10951: 10950: 10939: 10936: 10935: 10933: 10932: 10927: 10921: 10919: 10915: 10914: 10912: 10911: 10905: 10903: 10899: 10898: 10896: 10895: 10893:Melanesia 2000 10890: 10884: 10882: 10878: 10877: 10875: 10874: 10869: 10864: 10859: 10854: 10849: 10844: 10839: 10834: 10829: 10824: 10819: 10814: 10808: 10806: 10802: 10801: 10799: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10772: 10770: 10766: 10765: 10763: 10762: 10761: 10760: 10755: 10750: 10745: 10740: 10738:Highland Papua 10735: 10725: 10720: 10715: 10710: 10704: 10702: 10698: 10697: 10690: 10688: 10686: 10685: 10680: 10675: 10670: 10664: 10662: 10658: 10657: 10650: 10649: 10642: 10635: 10627: 10621: 10618: 10617: 10605: 10604: 10602: 10601: 10594: 10593: 10585: 10584: 10581: 10580: 10577: 10576: 10574: 10573: 10568: 10563: 10558: 10556:Naming customs 10553: 10548: 10543: 10538: 10533: 10528: 10523: 10518: 10513: 10507: 10505: 10499: 10498: 10496: 10495: 10490: 10485: 10480: 10475: 10470: 10458: 10452: 10446: 10440: 10439: 10436: 10435: 10433: 10432: 10424: 10419: 10414: 10402: 10396: 10390: 10384: 10383: 10380: 10379: 10377: 10376: 10374:Prime Minister 10371: 10366: 10361: 10356: 10351: 10343: 10338: 10333: 10321: 10316: 10311: 10306: 10300: 10294: 10288: 10287: 10284: 10283: 10281: 10280: 10275: 10270: 10265: 10260: 10255: 10250: 10245: 10239: 10233: 10227: 10226: 10219: 10217: 10215: 10214: 10209: 10208: 10207: 10197: 10192: 10187: 10182: 10177: 10175:Lapita culture 10171: 10169: 10163: 10162: 10160: articles 10154: 10153: 10146: 10139: 10131: 10125: 10124: 10118: 10106: 10101: 10096: 10086: 10077: 10068: 10045: 10031: 10030:External links 10028: 10026: 10025: 10019: 10006: 10000: 9985: 9979: 9966: 9960: 9947: 9941: 9924: 9918: 9905: 9899: 9886: 9880: 9867: 9861: 9848: 9839: 9833: 9820: 9814: 9801: 9795: 9782: 9776: 9763: 9757: 9744: 9738: 9723: 9717: 9703: 9701: 9698: 9696: 9695: 9689: 9671: 9665: 9652: 9646: 9633: 9627: 9614: 9596: 9581: 9563: 9548: 9542: 9529: 9523: 9510: 9467: 9444: 9399: 9381: 9366: 9360: 9344:Crowley, Terry 9340: 9334: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9278: 9277: 9260:The Discoverer 9247: 9230:Vanuatu Travel 9217: 9186: 9154: 9141: 9109: 9079: 9052: 9021: 9009: 8978: 8948: 8937:on 25 May 2007 8918: 8907:on 20 May 2012 8892: 8862: 8836: 8810: 8808:, p. 104. 8798: 8786: 8775:on 20 May 2007 8757: 8722: 8692: 8661: 8629: 8597: 8567: 8536: 8506: 8480: 8447: 8420: 8390: 8364: 8335: 8326: 8317: 8308: 8299: 8287: 8257: 8248: 8239: 8230: 8199: 8173: 8147: 8121: 8109: 8100: 8091: 8082: 8073: 8064: 8034: 8002: 7976: 7946: 7916: 7890: 7871: 7845: 7843:. theodora.com 7826: 7804: 7773: 7743: 7713: 7683: 7664: 7638: 7612: 7609:. 2 July 2024. 7594: 7561: 7530: 7500: 7474: 7441: 7410: 7380: 7372: 7355: 7329: 7317: 7281: 7262: 7236: 7185: 7144: 7113: 7083: 7052: 7034: 7027: 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April 2007. 6699: 6654: 6624: 6597: 6575: 6544: 6520: 6490: 6460: 6434: 6412: 6382: 6360: 6342: 6320: 6302: 6284: 6281:. 1 June 2010. 6266: 6234: 6198: 6165: 6133: 6111: 6093: 6064: 6035: 6018:The Daily Post 6005: 5998: 5986:Nohlen, Dieter 5977: 5970: 5952: 5945: 5927: 5898: 5865: 5858: 5840: 5833: 5815: 5784: 5761:(1): 221–234. 5724: 5717: 5699: 5668: 5638: 5601: 5584:"Independence" 5575: 5563: 5538: 5516: 5494: 5475:(3): 296–332. 5459: 5437: 5415: 5393: 5371: 5349: 5327: 5305: 5287: 5261:(3): 165–177. 5238: 5194: 5163: 5134: 5100: 5063: 5044: 5024: 5005: 4986: 4967: 4948: 4929: 4787: 4768: 4732: 4725: 4707: 4680: 4642: 4635: 4611: 4597: 4572: 4538: 4508: 4474:(D12107): 11. 4451: 4421: 4405: 4375: 4345: 4319: 4287: 4268: 4243: 4185: 4173: 4109: 4097: 4073: 4071:, p. 115. 4061: 4025: 3986: 3949: 3909: 3879: 3853: 3851:, p. 319. 3841: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3800: 3799: 3770: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3763: 3762: 3756: 3755: 3741: 3738:Oceania portal 3725: 3722: 3718:bungee jumping 3697:The island of 3694: 3691: 3671:Main article: 3668: 3665: 3622:Main article: 3619: 3616: 3586:stamping tubes 3555:Main article: 3552: 3549: 3544:Main article: 3541: 3538: 3530:Women's rights 3479:from Vanuatu, 3465:Main article: 3462: 3459: 3441:The estimated 3438: 3435: 3430:Main article: 3427: 3424: 3352:Roman Catholic 3328:Main article: 3325: 3322: 3261:Main article: 3258: 3255: 3156:Main article: 3153: 3150: 3134:Main article: 3131: 3130:Communications 3128: 2961:Espiritu Santo 2863:raising cattle 2843:Main article: 2840: 2837: 2830: 2829: 2815: 2789: 2775: 2761: 2743: 2709:Main article: 2706: 2703: 2680: 2677: 2625: 2622: 2614:European Union 2590:Papua conflict 2511:in August 2015 2493:Main article: 2490: 2487: 2479:Dragon dancers 2455:Charlot Salwai 2381:Prime Minister 2350:Main article: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2327: 2324: 2320:Cyclone Harold 2307:and five from 2281: 2278: 2258: 2255: 2221:Polynesian rat 2160:Main article: 2157: 2154: 2034:Espiritu Santo 1991:Main article: 1988: 1985: 1970:Cyclone Harold 1954:Charlot Salwai 1887:Edward Natapei 1814:(UMP) won the 1781:Vanua'aku Pati 1733: 1730: 1699:Vanua'aku Pati 1677:grew rapidly. 1605: 1602: 1590:Espiritu Santo 1540:fall of France 1528:Espiritu Santo 1511:(then part of 1469: 1466: 1461:Main article: 1458: 1455: 1425:Norfolk Island 1399:Roman Catholic 1365:trade called " 1322:mutiny on the 1320:following the 1259:Espíritu Santo 1224:Espiritu Santo 1211: 1208: 1187:branch of the 1141:land crocodile 1042:in the south. 1032:Lapita culture 1022: 1019: 1014:Main article: 1011: 1008: 977: 974: 954:United Nations 939:United Kingdom 933:In the 1880s, 918:Espíritu Santo 901:, and west of 879:island country 739: 738: 733: 727: 726: 721: 715: 714: 709: 703: 702: 699: 693: 692: 679: 675: 674: 664: 660: 659: 640: 630: 629: 615: 605: 604: 601: 598: 595: 594: 591: 588: 585: 584: 581: 571: 570: 567: 564: 561: 560: 557: 554: 551: 550: 547: 533: 532: 525: 523:• Density 522: 519: 518: 515: 512: 509: 508: 501: 498: 495: 494: 488: 487: 480: 477: 474: 473: 467: 466: 463: 462: 459: 452: 449: 448: 445: 438:United Kingdom 435: 432: 431: 428: 427: 423: 422: 417: 413: 412: 409: 408: 406:Charlot Salwai 403: 400:Prime Minister 397: 394: 393: 388: 382: 379: 378: 375: 374: 369: 363: 362: 352: 346: 345: 343: 342: 332: 326: 320: 318: 317: 316: 315: 309: 303: 290: 287: 285: 282: 278: 277: 275: 274: 271: 264: 262: 259: 253: 252: 250: 249: 244: 239: 233: 231: 227: 226: 190: 187: 183: 182: 174: 173: 153: 128: 127: 98: 97: 90: 83: 82: 76: 69: 68: 67: 64: 63: 60: 59: 44: 28: 27: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13209: 13198: 13195: 13193: 13190: 13188: 13185: 13183: 13180: 13178: 13175: 13173: 13170: 13168: 13165: 13163: 13160: 13158: 13155: 13153: 13150: 13148: 13145: 13143: 13140: 13138: 13135: 13133: 13130: 13128: 13125: 13123: 13120: 13118: 13115: 13114: 13112: 13091: 13090: 13087: 13081: 13078: 13076: 13073: 13072: 13070: 13066: 13060: 13059:United States 13057: 13055: 13052: 13050: 13047: 13045: 13042: 13040: 13037: 13035: 13032: 13030: 13027: 13025: 13022: 13020: 13017: 13015: 13012: 13010: 13007: 13005: 13002: 13000: 12997: 12995: 12992: 12990: 12987: 12985: 12982: 12980: 12977: 12975: 12972: 12970: 12967: 12965: 12962: 12960: 12957: 12956: 12954: 12950: 12944: 12941: 12939: 12936: 12934: 12931: 12929: 12926: 12924: 12921: 12919: 12916: 12913: 12910: 12909: 12907: 12903: 12897: 12894: 12892: 12889: 12888: 12886: 12882: 12876: 12873: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12861: 12858: 12857: 12855: 12851: 12845: 12842: 12840: 12837: 12835: 12832: 12830: 12827: 12825: 12822: 12820: 12819:New Caledonia 12817: 12815: 12812: 12810: 12807: 12805: 12802: 12800: 12797: 12795: 12792: 12790: 12787: 12785: 12782: 12780: 12777: 12775: 12772: 12770: 12767: 12765: 12762: 12760: 12757: 12756: 12754: 12750: 12746: 12739: 12734: 12732: 12727: 12725: 12720: 12719: 12716: 12706: 12700: 12690: 12687: 12685: 12682: 12680: 12677: 12675: 12672: 12670: 12667: 12665: 12662: 12660: 12657: 12655: 12652: 12650: 12647: 12645: 12642: 12640: 12637: 12635: 12632: 12630: 12627: 12625: 12624: 12620: 12618: 12615: 12613: 12610: 12608: 12605: 12604: 12602: 12600: 12596: 12590: 12587: 12585: 12584: 12580: 12579: 12577: 12575: 12571: 12565: 12562: 12560: 12557: 12555: 12552: 12550: 12547: 12545: 12542: 12540: 12539: 12535: 12533: 12530: 12529: 12527: 12525: 12521: 12518: 12516: 12512: 12506: 12503: 12501: 12498: 12497: 12495: 12493: 12489: 12483: 12480: 12478: 12475: 12473: 12470: 12468: 12465: 12463: 12460: 12458: 12455: 12453: 12450: 12448: 12445: 12443: 12440: 12438: 12435: 12433: 12430: 12428: 12425: 12423: 12420: 12418: 12415: 12413: 12410: 12408: 12405: 12403: 12400: 12398: 12395: 12393: 12390: 12388: 12385: 12383: 12380: 12378: 12375: 12373: 12370: 12368: 12365: 12363: 12360: 12358: 12355: 12353: 12350: 12348: 12345: 12343: 12340: 12338: 12335: 12333: 12330: 12328: 12325: 12323: 12320: 12318: 12315: 12313: 12310: 12308: 12305: 12303: 12300: 12298: 12295: 12293: 12290: 12288: 12285: 12283: 12280: 12278: 12275: 12273: 12270: 12268: 12265: 12263: 12260: 12258: 12255: 12253: 12250: 12248: 12245: 12243: 12240: 12238: 12235: 12233: 12230: 12228: 12225: 12223: 12220: 12218: 12215: 12213: 12210: 12208: 12205: 12204: 12202: 12198: 12194: 12190: 12186: 12179: 12174: 12172: 12167: 12165: 12160: 12159: 12156: 12144: 12136: 12135: 12132: 12126: 12123: 12121: 12118: 12117: 12115: 12111: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12097: 12095: 12092: 12090: 12087: 12085: 12082: 12080: 12077: 12075: 12072: 12070: 12067: 12066: 12064: 12060: 12054: 12051: 12049: 12046: 12044: 12041: 12040: 12038: 12034: 12024: 12021: 12020: 12018: 12014: 12008: 12005: 12003: 12000: 11998: 11995: 11993: 11990: 11988: 11985: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11968: 11965: 11963: 11960: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11950: 11948: 11945: 11943: 11940: 11938: 11935: 11933: 11930: 11928: 11925: 11923: 11920: 11918: 11915: 11913: 11910: 11908: 11905: 11903: 11900: 11898: 11895: 11894: 11892: 11888: 11882: 11879: 11877: 11874: 11872: 11869: 11867: 11864: 11862: 11859: 11858: 11856: 11852: 11846: 11843: 11841: 11840:New Brunswick 11838: 11836: 11833: 11832: 11830: 11826: 11820: 11817: 11815: 11812: 11810: 11807: 11805: 11802: 11800: 11797: 11795: 11792: 11790: 11787: 11785: 11782: 11780: 11777: 11775: 11772: 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11757: 11755: 11752: 11750: 11747: 11745: 11742: 11740: 11737: 11735: 11732: 11730: 11727: 11725: 11722: 11720: 11717: 11715: 11712: 11710: 11707: 11705: 11702: 11700: 11697: 11695: 11692: 11690: 11689:Guinea-Bissau 11687: 11685: 11682: 11680: 11677: 11675: 11672: 11670: 11667: 11665: 11662: 11660: 11657: 11655: 11652: 11650: 11647: 11645: 11642: 11640: 11637: 11635: 11632: 11630: 11627: 11625: 11622: 11620: 11617: 11615: 11612: 11610: 11607: 11605: 11602: 11600: 11597: 11595: 11592: 11590: 11587: 11585: 11582: 11580: 11577: 11575: 11572: 11570: 11567: 11565: 11562: 11561: 11559: 11555: 11552: 11550: 11546: 11542: 11535: 11530: 11528: 11523: 11521: 11516: 11515: 11512: 11498: 11495: 11493: 11490: 11488: 11485: 11484: 11483: 11480: 11476: 11473: 11472: 11471: 11468: 11464: 11461: 11460: 11459: 11456: 11452: 11449: 11447: 11444: 11443: 11442: 11439: 11437: 11434: 11433: 11430: 11420: 11417: 11415: 11412: 11410: 11407: 11405: 11402: 11400: 11397: 11395: 11394:Jarvis Island 11392: 11390: 11387: 11385: 11382: 11380: 11377: 11375: 11372: 11371: 11369: 11367: 11366:United States 11363: 11357: 11354: 11353: 11351: 11349: 11345: 11339: 11336: 11335: 11333: 11331: 11327: 11321: 11318: 11316: 11315:New Caledonia 11313: 11311: 11308: 11306: 11303: 11302: 11300: 11298: 11294: 11288: 11285: 11283: 11280: 11278: 11275: 11273: 11270: 11268: 11265: 11264: 11262: 11260: 11256: 11253: 11250: 11244: 11239: 11233: 11230: 11228: 11225: 11224: 11222: 11219: 11214: 11209: 11193: 11192:Palmyra Atoll 11190: 11188: 11185: 11184: 11183: 11182:United States 11180: 11176: 11173: 11171: 11168: 11166: 11163: 11161: 11158: 11156: 11153: 11151: 11150:Central Papua 11148: 11147: 11146: 11143: 11139: 11136: 11135: 11134: 11131: 11127: 11124: 11122: 11121:Easter Island 11119: 11118: 11117: 11114: 11113: 11111: 11107: 11101: 11098: 11096: 11093: 11091: 11088: 11086: 11083: 11081: 11078: 11076: 11073: 11071: 11068: 11066: 11063: 11061: 11058: 11056: 11053: 11051: 11048: 11046: 11043: 11041: 11038: 11036: 11033: 11032: 11030: 11026: 11023: 11021: 11017: 11011: 11008: 11006: 11003: 11002: 10999: 10995: 10991: 10984: 10979: 10977: 10972: 10970: 10965: 10964: 10961: 10949: 10941: 10940: 10937: 10931: 10928: 10926: 10925:Melanesia Cup 10923: 10922: 10920: 10916: 10910: 10907: 10906: 10904: 10900: 10894: 10891: 10889: 10886: 10885: 10883: 10881:Organizations 10879: 10873: 10870: 10868: 10865: 10863: 10860: 10858: 10855: 10853: 10850: 10848: 10845: 10843: 10840: 10838: 10835: 10833: 10830: 10828: 10825: 10823: 10820: 10818: 10815: 10813: 10810: 10809: 10807: 10803: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10773: 10771: 10767: 10759: 10756: 10754: 10751: 10749: 10746: 10744: 10741: 10739: 10736: 10734: 10733:Central Papua 10731: 10730: 10729: 10726: 10724: 10721: 10719: 10718:New Caledonia 10716: 10714: 10711: 10709: 10706: 10705: 10703: 10699: 10694: 10684: 10681: 10679: 10676: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10665: 10663: 10659: 10655: 10648: 10643: 10641: 10636: 10634: 10629: 10628: 10625: 10619: 10612: 10600: 10597: 10596: 10591: 10587: 10586: 10582: 10572: 10569: 10567: 10564: 10562: 10559: 10557: 10554: 10552: 10549: 10547: 10544: 10542: 10539: 10537: 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10508: 10506: 10504: 10500: 10494: 10491: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10476: 10474: 10471: 10467: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10454: 10453: 10450: 10447: 10445: 10441: 10431: 10425: 10423: 10420: 10418: 10415: 10411: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10397: 10394: 10391: 10389: 10385: 10375: 10372: 10370: 10367: 10365: 10362: 10360: 10357: 10355: 10352: 10350: 10348: 10347:Malvatu Mauri 10344: 10342: 10339: 10337: 10334: 10330: 10325: 10322: 10320: 10317: 10315: 10312: 10310: 10307: 10305: 10302: 10301: 10298: 10295: 10293: 10289: 10279: 10276: 10274: 10271: 10269: 10266: 10264: 10261: 10259: 10256: 10254: 10251: 10249: 10246: 10244: 10241: 10240: 10237: 10234: 10232: 10228: 10223: 10213: 10210: 10206: 10203: 10202: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10172: 10170: 10168: 10164: 10159: 10152: 10147: 10145: 10140: 10138: 10133: 10132: 10129: 10122: 10119: 10117: 10113: 10110: 10107: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10087: 10085: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10072: 10069: 10066: 10062: 10061: 10056: 10052: 10049: 10046: 10044: 10040: 10037: 10034: 10033: 10022: 10016: 10013:. Narrative. 10012: 10007: 10003: 9997: 9993: 9992: 9986: 9982: 9976: 9972: 9967: 9963: 9957: 9953: 9948: 9944: 9938: 9934: 9931:(in French). 9930: 9925: 9921: 9915: 9912:. UP Hawaii. 9911: 9906: 9902: 9896: 9892: 9887: 9883: 9877: 9873: 9868: 9864: 9858: 9854: 9849: 9845: 9840: 9836: 9830: 9826: 9821: 9817: 9811: 9807: 9802: 9798: 9792: 9788: 9783: 9779: 9773: 9769: 9764: 9760: 9754: 9750: 9745: 9741: 9735: 9732:. UP Hawaii. 9731: 9730: 9724: 9720: 9714: 9711:. UP Hawaii. 9710: 9705: 9704: 9692: 9686: 9682: 9681: 9676: 9672: 9668: 9662: 9658: 9653: 9649: 9643: 9639: 9638:Giant Lizards 9634: 9630: 9624: 9620: 9615: 9603: 9599: 9593: 9589: 9588: 9582: 9570: 9566: 9560: 9557:. UP Hawaii. 9556: 9555: 9549: 9545: 9539: 9535: 9530: 9526: 9520: 9516: 9511: 9507: 9501: 9485: 9481: 9477: 9473: 9468: 9456: 9452: 9451: 9445: 9432: 9428: 9424: 9420: 9416: 9412: 9408: 9404: 9400: 9388: 9384: 9378: 9375:. UP Hawaii. 9374: 9373: 9367: 9363: 9357: 9353: 9349: 9345: 9341: 9338: 9335: 9331: 9327: 9323: 9319: 9314: 9309: 9305: 9301: 9297: 9293: 9288: 9287: 9265: 9261: 9257: 9251: 9235: 9231: 9227: 9221: 9205: 9201: 9197: 9190: 9173: 9169: 9165: 9158: 9151: 9145: 9126: 9119: 9113: 9097: 9094:. July 2016. 9093: 9089: 9083: 9075: 9071: 9070: 9064: 9056: 9040: 9036: 9032: 9025: 9018: 9013: 8997: 8993: 8989: 8982: 8966: 8962: 8958: 8952: 8936: 8932: 8928: 8922: 8906: 8902: 8896: 8880: 8876: 8872: 8866: 8850: 8846: 8840: 8824: 8820: 8814: 8807: 8806:François 2012 8802: 8795: 8790: 8774: 8770: 8764: 8762: 8753: 8749: 8745: 8741: 8737: 8733: 8726: 8710: 8706: 8702: 8696: 8680: 8676: 8672: 8665: 8646: 8639: 8633: 8614: 8607: 8601: 8585: 8581: 8577: 8571: 8555: 8551: 8547: 8540: 8524: 8520: 8516: 8510: 8495: 8491: 8484: 8468: 8464: 8460: 8454: 8452: 8435: 8431: 8424: 8408: 8404: 8400: 8394: 8378: 8374: 8368: 8352: 8348: 8342: 8340: 8330: 8321: 8312: 8303: 8294: 8292: 8275: 8271: 8267: 8261: 8252: 8243: 8234: 8218: 8214: 8210: 8203: 8187: 8183: 8177: 8161: 8157: 8151: 8135: 8131: 8125: 8118: 8113: 8104: 8095: 8086: 8077: 8068: 8052: 8048: 8044: 8038: 8019: 8012: 8006: 7990: 7986: 7980: 7964: 7960: 7956: 7950: 7934: 7930: 7926: 7920: 7904: 7900: 7894: 7887: 7883: 7880: 7875: 7859: 7855: 7849: 7842: 7838: 7835: 7830: 7823: 7819: 7816: 7811: 7809: 7792: 7788: 7784: 7777: 7761: 7757: 7753: 7747: 7731: 7727: 7723: 7717: 7701: 7697: 7693: 7687: 7680: 7676: 7673: 7668: 7652: 7648: 7642: 7626: 7622: 7616: 7608: 7604: 7598: 7582: 7578: 7577: 7572: 7565: 7549: 7545: 7541: 7534: 7518: 7514: 7510: 7504: 7488: 7484: 7478: 7462: 7458: 7454: 7448: 7446: 7429: 7425: 7421: 7414: 7398: 7394: 7390: 7384: 7375: 7369: 7365: 7359: 7344:. 3 July 2024 7343: 7339: 7333: 7324: 7322: 7302: 7298: 7291: 7285: 7278: 7274: 7271: 7266: 7250: 7246: 7240: 7232: 7228: 7223: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7204: 7200: 7196: 7189: 7173: 7169: 7165: 7161: 7156: 7148: 7132: 7128: 7124: 7117: 7101: 7097: 7093: 7087: 7071: 7067: 7063: 7056: 7048: 7044: 7038: 7030: 7024: 7020: 7013: 7006: 7001: 6993: 6987: 6983: 6978: 6977: 6968: 6966: 6958: 6953: 6945: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6927: 6923: 6918: 6913: 6909: 6905: 6901: 6897: 6893: 6886: 6877: 6869: 6865: 6860: 6855: 6851: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6833: 6829: 6825: 6818: 6802: 6798: 6792: 6776: 6772: 6766: 6764: 6747: 6743: 6737: 6721: 6717: 6713: 6709: 6703: 6690: 6686: 6679: 6673: 6671: 6669: 6667: 6665: 6663: 6661: 6659: 6642: 6638: 6634: 6628: 6612: 6608: 6601: 6593: 6589: 6585: 6579: 6563: 6559: 6555: 6548: 6540: 6536: 6535: 6530: 6524: 6508: 6504: 6500: 6494: 6478: 6474: 6470: 6464: 6448: 6444: 6438: 6430: 6426: 6422: 6416: 6400: 6396: 6392: 6386: 6378: 6374: 6373:Pacific Scoop 6370: 6364: 6356: 6352: 6346: 6338: 6334: 6330: 6324: 6316: 6312: 6306: 6298: 6294: 6288: 6280: 6276: 6270: 6254: 6250: 6249: 6244: 6238: 6222: 6218: 6214: 6213: 6208: 6202: 6186: 6182: 6181: 6176: 6169: 6153: 6149: 6148: 6143: 6137: 6129: 6125: 6121: 6115: 6107: 6103: 6097: 6081: 6077: 6071: 6069: 6052: 6048: 6042: 6040: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6009: 6001: 5999:0-19-924959-8 5995: 5991: 5987: 5981: 5973: 5971:0-8248-2048-7 5967: 5963: 5956: 5948: 5946:0-8248-2048-7 5942: 5938: 5931: 5915: 5909: 5907: 5905: 5903: 5887: 5883: 5879: 5872: 5870: 5861: 5859:0-8248-2048-7 5855: 5851: 5844: 5836: 5834:2-7099-1125-6 5830: 5826: 5819: 5803: 5799: 5795: 5788: 5772: 5768: 5764: 5760: 5756: 5752: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5737: 5735: 5733: 5731: 5729: 5720: 5718:0-8248-2048-7 5714: 5710: 5703: 5687: 5683: 5679: 5672: 5656: 5652: 5648: 5642: 5626: 5622: 5616: 5614: 5612: 5610: 5608: 5606: 5589: 5585: 5579: 5572: 5567: 5559: 5555: 5554: 5549: 5542: 5534: 5530: 5526: 5520: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5498: 5490: 5486: 5482: 5478: 5474: 5470: 5463: 5455: 5451: 5447: 5441: 5433: 5429: 5425: 5419: 5411: 5407: 5403: 5397: 5389: 5385: 5381: 5375: 5367: 5363: 5359: 5353: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5331: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5309: 5301: 5297: 5291: 5272: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5256: 5249: 5242: 5223: 5219: 5218:Scholar Space 5212: 5205: 5203: 5201: 5199: 5182: 5178: 5174: 5167: 5159: 5155: 5152:(in French). 5151: 5150: 5145: 5138: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5107: 5105: 5088: 5084: 5080: 5074: 5072: 5070: 5068: 5051: 5047: 5041: 5037: 5036: 5028: 5020: 5014: 5009: 4993: 4989: 4983: 4979: 4978: 4971: 4963: 4958:, p. 19. 4957: 4952: 4944: 4939:, p. 15. 4938: 4933: 4917: 4913: 4906: 4904: 4902: 4900: 4898: 4896: 4894: 4892: 4890: 4888: 4886: 4884: 4882: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4874: 4872: 4870: 4868: 4866: 4864: 4862: 4860: 4858: 4856: 4854: 4852: 4850: 4848: 4846: 4844: 4842: 4840: 4838: 4836: 4834: 4832: 4830: 4828: 4826: 4824: 4822: 4820: 4818: 4816: 4814: 4812: 4810: 4808: 4806: 4804: 4802: 4800: 4798: 4796: 4794: 4792: 4783: 4777: 4772: 4753: 4746: 4739: 4737: 4728: 4726:0-86784-471-X 4722: 4718: 4711: 4695: 4691: 4684: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4653: 4651: 4649: 4647: 4638: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4623: 4615: 4600: 4594: 4590: 4585: 4584: 4576: 4567: 4562: 4555: 4553: 4551: 4549: 4547: 4545: 4543: 4535: 4523: 4519: 4512: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4462: 4455: 4439: 4435: 4431: 4425: 4418: 4414: 4409: 4393: 4389: 4388:SciTech Daily 4385: 4379: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4349: 4333: 4329: 4323: 4307: 4303: 4302: 4297: 4291: 4284: 4280: 4277: 4272: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4250: 4248: 4231: 4230:Research Gate 4227: 4220: 4218: 4216: 4214: 4212: 4210: 4208: 4206: 4204: 4202: 4200: 4198: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4190: 4182: 4177: 4161: 4157: 4153: 4146: 4144: 4142: 4140: 4138: 4136: 4134: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4124: 4122: 4120: 4118: 4116: 4114: 4106: 4101: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4083: 4077: 4070: 4065: 4046: 4042: 4035: 4029: 4021: 4015: 4000: 3996: 3990: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3919: 3913: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3883: 3867: 3863: 3857: 3850: 3845: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3814: 3810: 3797:, p. 326 3796: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3775: 3771: 3761: 3758: 3757: 3753: 3747: 3742: 3739: 3733: 3728: 3721: 3719: 3715: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3700: 3690: 3688: 3684: 3680: 3674: 3664: 3662: 3657: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3630: 3625: 3615: 3613: 3609: 3603: 3601: 3597: 3596: 3591: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3568: 3563: 3558: 3547: 3537: 3535: 3531: 3526: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3515: 3510: 3509: 3503: 3501: 3496: 3494: 3490: 3482: 3478: 3473: 3468: 3458: 3456: 3451: 3448: 3444: 3443:literacy rate 3433: 3423: 3421: 3416: 3412: 3411:Prince Philip 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3387: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3336: 3331: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3295: 3293: 3292:lingua franca 3289: 3286:Bislama is a 3284: 3282: 3278: 3275:are Bislama, 3274: 3270: 3264: 3254: 3250: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3228: 3225:In 2006, the 3223: 3220: 3215: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3196: 3195: 3188: 3186: 3177: 3172: 3164: 3159: 3149: 3147: 3143: 3137: 3127: 3124: 3119: 3117: 3113: 3108: 3105: 3101: 3096: 3093: 3085: 3081: 3079: 3073: 3071: 3067: 3062: 3060: 3052:, North Efate 3051: 3047: 3043: 3041: 3036: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2989: 2984: 2982: 2981: 2976: 2974: 2969: 2968: 2962: 2958: 2957: 2950: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2898: 2894: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2866: 2864: 2860: 2851: 2846: 2836: 2833: 2827: 2824:res Islands, 2823: 2819: 2816: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2790: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2776: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2762: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2726: 2725: 2724: 2717: 2712: 2702: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2686: 2676: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2629: 2621: 2617: 2615: 2610: 2607: 2604:presence at, 2603: 2597: 2595: 2591: 2586: 2582: 2574: 2570: 2566: 2564: 2559: 2555: 2549: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2538: 2532: 2531: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2510: 2509:Narendra Modi 2506: 2501: 2496: 2486: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2451: 2447: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2436:customary law 2433: 2429: 2425: 2420: 2419:Supreme Court 2416: 2415: 2414:Malvatu Mauri 2409: 2407: 2402: 2398: 2393: 2390: 2386: 2383:, who is the 2382: 2377: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2358: 2353: 2338: 2333: 2323: 2321: 2316: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2301: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2277: 2273: 2271: 2264: 2253: 2249: 2244: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2232:marine fishes 2228: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2201: 2199: 2198: 2189: 2184: 2177: 2173: 2168: 2163: 2153: 2151: 2145: 2141: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2109: 2107: 2101: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2030: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2011: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1984: 1982: 1977: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1945: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1922: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1880: 1876: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1839: 1837: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1821: 1817: 1816:1991 election 1813: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1796: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1757: 1755: 1754:Jimmy Stevens 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1729: 1727: 1724:organisation 1723: 1717: 1715: 1710: 1708: 1702: 1700: 1695: 1691: 1682: 1678: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1664: 1660: 1655: 1653: 1649: 1644: 1643:Jimmy Stevens 1640: 1636: 1630: 1627: 1623: 1618: 1610: 1601: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1578: 1576: 1575: 1570: 1565: 1563: 1559: 1553: 1550: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1529: 1525: 1520: 1516: 1514: 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891:New Caledonia 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 859: 851: 850: 840: 807: 806: 791: 784: 745: 737: 734: 732: 728: 725: 722: 720: 719:ISO 3166 code 716: 713: 710: 708: 704: 700: 698: 694: 690: 684: 680: 676: 672: 668: 665: 661: 657: 641: 635: 631: 616: 610: 606: 602: 596: 592: 586: 582: 576: 572: 568: 562: 558: 552: 548: 544: 538: 534: 530: 526: 520: 516: 510: 506: 503:335,908 ( 502: 496: 493: 489: 485: 481: 475: 472: 468: 464: 460: 456: 450: 446: 443: 439: 433: 429: 424: 421: 418: 414: 410: 407: 404: 401: 395: 392: 389: 386: 380: 376: 373: 370: 368: 364: 360: 356: 353: 351: 347: 341: 337: 333: 331: 327: 325: 321: 314: 310: 308: 304: 302: 301:Protestantism 298: 297: 296: 292: 291: 289: 288: 286: 279: 272: 270: 266: 265: 263: 258: 254: 248: 245: 243: 240: 238: 235: 234: 232: 228: 223: 194: 191: 184: 180: 175: 140: 133: 129: 103: 99: 93: 87: 79: 73: 65: 56: 49: 45: 41: 34: 30: 29: 22: 19: 12843: 12764:Cook Islands 12621: 12581: 12536: 12500:Cook Islands 12476: 12432:South Africa 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Broadway. 9990: 9970: 9951: 9928: 9909: 9893:. Berghahn. 9890: 9871: 9852: 9843: 9824: 9805: 9786: 9767: 9748: 9728: 9708: 9679: 9656: 9637: 9618: 9606:. Retrieved 9586: 9573:. Retrieved 9553: 9533: 9517:. Berghahn. 9514: 9500:cite journal 9488:. Retrieved 9479: 9475: 9459:, retrieved 9449: 9435:. Retrieved 9410: 9391:. Retrieved 9371: 9351: 9295: 9291: 9283:Bibliography 9268:. Retrieved 9259: 9250: 9238:. Retrieved 9234:the original 9229: 9220: 9210:27 September 9208:. Retrieved 9199: 9189: 9176:. Retrieved 9167: 9157: 9144: 9132:. Retrieved 9112: 9100:. Retrieved 9091: 9082: 9067: 9055: 9043:. Retrieved 9039:the original 9034: 9024: 9012: 9000:. Retrieved 8991: 8981: 8969:. Retrieved 8960: 8951: 8939:. Retrieved 8935:the original 8921: 8909:. Retrieved 8905:the original 8895: 8883:. Retrieved 8879:the original 8874: 8865: 8853:. Retrieved 8839: 8827:. Retrieved 8813: 8801: 8794:Crowley 2000 8789: 8777:. Retrieved 8773:the original 8738:(1): 49–65. 8735: 8731: 8725: 8713:. 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Nelson. 9680:Naturalist 9608:23 October 9575:23 October 9393:23 October 9270:8 December 9240:8 December 8829:6 December 8654:15 January 8440:11 October 8413:20 January 7706:11 October 6828:BioScience 6405:24 January 6158:9 November 5177:VN Express 4417:Ethnologue 4312:6 November 4257:. ICOMOS. 4232:. Springer 3805:References 3610:music and 3582:slit gongs 3578:idiophones 3477:slit drums 3311:vernacular 3212:ni-Vanuatu 3204:Melanesian 3194:ni-Vanuatu 3185:Luganville 2993:income tax 2907:pineapples 2810:rromango, 2606:Luganville 2521:World Bank 2475:emblazoned 2467:Hu Chunhua 2401:unicameral 2341:Government 2261:See also: 2246:See also: 2094:Luganville 2074:Vanua Lava 1934:West Papua 1785:Barak Sopé 1763:, opposed 1752:' against 1675:Luganville 1403:Protestant 1377:James Cook 1348:sandalwood 1232:Portuguese 1204: 200 1021:Prehistory 968:, and the 910:Melanesian 895:New Guinea 893:, east of 622: 32.3 492:Population 420:Parliament 367:Government 355:Ni-Vanuatu 350:Demonym(s) 269:Ni-Vanuatu 214:17°S 168°E 13029:Singapore 12999:Indonesia 12884:Observers 12759:Australia 12649:Gibraltar 12524:Australia 12437:Sri Lanka 12422:Singapore 12347:Mauritius 12212:Australia 12200:(members) 11957:Louisiana 11952:Lithuania 11897:Argentina 11890:Observers 11739:Mauritius 11259:Australia 11145:Indonesia 11035:Australia 10805:Geography 10791:Mythology 10781:Languages 10654:Melanesia 10488:Squatting 10473:Languages 10422:Transport 10369:President 10336:Judiciary 10314:Elections 10273:Volcanoes 10268:Provinces 10263:Melanesia 10231:Geography 9933:Port-Vila 9659:. 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