405:. However, Cracknell found himself unsuited to Parliamentary debate and did not make any substantial impact. He struggled to achieve an independent voice in Parliament, voting with Labour 22 times and with National 14 times in his first year. Cracknell was not particularly skilled at dealing with the media and so received little attention, thus undoing Social Credit's foot in the door in terms of political ascendancy. He was a good organiser and recognised for his honesty and respectability. National claimed that Cracknell could have become a cabinet minister if he had joined them rather than Social Credit. Due to his isolation in parliament Cracknell could not rely on any other MPs to second any motion of his but did have to share an office and secretary with an MP from another party. His status as a party leader went unrecognised and was not allocated a front bench seat. He also had the indignity of having his maiden speech deferred.
412:, Cracknell's campaign was almost universally regarded as poor, with his television appearance being described as uninteresting, too academic and rambling. Many observers cited growing internal divisions within the Social Credit Party as a cause of this by diverting the party's efforts and attention away from campaigning and policy platforms. The party dropped 5% in the polls and Cracknell likewise did worse in Hobson where Logan Sloane regained the seat by a substantial margin.
33:
323:) for three terms, from 1928 to 1938. At the party conference in May 1962 he was elected president of the party. The party was without a permanent leader (which it often was outside of election years) and Cracknell became the main spokesperson for the party as its de facto leader. He was elected the official leader of the party at the 1963 party conference. At the
338:
As leader, Cracknell attempted to turn Social Credit into a more professional political organisation. He instigated a more centralised administrative structure and in 1964 the positions of party leader and deputy leader were made permanent to make the party more stable. Membership increased under his
428:
had been expelled at the 1940 Labour party conference. The culmination of which, a vote was held for the office of party president with a pro-Cracknell and Pro-O'Brien candidate. O'Brien's ally P.J. Dempsy defeated
Cracknell man A.J. Gray 137 votes to 60. Seeing this as a sign of things to come,
436:
as leader, Cracknell rejoined the party in 1975 and was made 'president emeritus' of the party and gave a speech at that years party conference which helped to calm the party and consolidate the membership around
Beetham's leadership. Beetham was elected as Social Credit's second MP three years
401:, Cracknell was finally successful, winning the seat with 48% of the vote. He narrowly defeated Sloane, who won 45% of the vote. Cracknell's victory was a surprise, as no candidate not aligned with either the Labour or National parties had been elected to Parliament since
339:
leadership reaching 7,000 members becoming the second biggest party in terms of membership (overtaking
National and just slightly behind Labour). This was achieved by effective mid-parliamentary term publicity campaigns.
429:
Cracknell smilingly asked the minutes clerk to remove his name from the leadership ballot. He resigned the leadership without a delegate vote leaving O'Brien to gain the leadership, without winning it from him.
307:
candidate into third place, and won more votes than any other Social Credit candidate. The area had previously been receptive to social credit theory – the Social Credit Party had placed second in the
1633:
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1623:
456:
in 1989 aged 77 years. His wife
Shelagh Ralston Julius, who was a Squadron Leader in the WAAF during the second world war, died in 1993. They were survived by four children and six grandchildren.
1638:
278:. He made his entry into politics in local government in 1950 when he was elected a member of the Bay of Islands Harbour Board and became the board's chairman in 1953.
1384:
432:
Thereafter, Cracknell had little involvement in politics, and did not attempt to regain his seat again. However after O'Brien left the party and was replaced by
327:
he was ahead after the initial election night count by 12 votes. However after special votes were included his small majority was surpassed by the incumbent MP,
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In 1970, a bitter dispute at the party's annual conference saw
Cracknell lose the Social Credit Party's leadership to his deputy, the more confrontational
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Not a Fair Go: A History and
Analysis of Social Credit's Struggle for Success in New Zealand's Electoral System
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424:. The 1970 conference was described as "the most vivid example of political bloodletting in public" since
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before retiring in 1985. In his retirement he raised a herd of 18 Hereford steers.
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231:(30 May 1912 – 4 June 1989) was a New Zealand politician. He served as the
126:
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before qualifying as an accountant. In 1934 he left
Auckland and moved to
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and later married in 1949. He established his own accountancy firm in
561:
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446:
260:
244:
164:
32:
1634:
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1960 New
Zealand general election
1629:
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1963 New
Zealand general election
1624:
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1969 New
Zealand general election
1166:
598:
654:
615:
613:
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Social Credit Party of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
565:. Vol. CII, no. 30129. 13 May 1963. p. 17.
642:
610:
586:
683:
681:
632:
630:
628:
1639:
Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives
693:
678:
666:
625:
492:
266:Later, he became involved in politics through the
1585:
513:"Rushworth, Harold Montague 1880 – 1950"
1182:
858:
504:
1644:New Zealand MPs for North Island electorates
116:26 November 1966 – 29 November 1969
1614:Leaders of political parties in New Zealand
445:He returned to his accountancy practice in
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851:
715:
660:
648:
619:
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477:
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31:
1551:Social Credit Party of Canada split, 1963
1243:Committee on Monetary and Economic Reform
510:
319:had held the Northland seat (then called
746:Crusade: Social Credit's drive for power
1541:1937 Social Credit backbenchers' revolt
872:
466:
440:
342:
1586:
1609:Social Credit Party (New Zealand) MPs
1339:Democratic Labour Party (New Zealand)
1170:
846:
740:
699:
687:
672:
636:
557:"Warning on Credit - "Judicious Use""
498:
365:
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1303:Social Credit Party of New Brunswick
1228:British Columbia Social Credit Party
1359:Solomon Islands Social Credit Party
1313:Social Credit Party of Saskatchewan
518:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
415:
286:
247:on 30 May 1912. He was educated at
13:
295:, Cracknell contested the seat of
58:12 May 1963 – 24 May 1970
14:
1655:
1380:Irish Monetary Reform Association
1349:Social Credit Party (New Zealand)
1196:
791:Leader of the Social Credit Party
725:(M.A. Political Science thesis).
511:Gustafson, Barry (22 June 2007).
482:"Social Credit's first MP dies".
46:Leader of the Social Credit Party
303:. He placed second, pushing the
1283:Ralliement créditiste du Québec
825:Member of Parliament for Hobson
539:"New Social Credit President".
1619:People from the Bay of Islands
1390:Social Credit Party of Ireland
1308:Social Credit Party of Ontario
582:. 12 December 1963. p. 1.
569:
549:
532:
1:
1298:Social Credit Party of Canada
709:
238:
1253:Manitoba Social Credit Party
1223:Abolitionist Party of Canada
281:
7:
1334:Country Party (New Zealand)
1329:Australian League of Rights
1293:Alberta Social Credit Party
967:Septimus James Edgar Closey
270:, a group dedicated to the
10:
1660:
716:Calderwood, David (2010).
235:third leader (1963–1970).
1604:Politicians from Auckland
1559:
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1402:
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1273:Pilgrims of Saint Michael
1213:
1206:
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959:
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545:. 14 May 1962. p. 3.
488:. 6 June 1989. p. 3.
381:
359:
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315:of the credit-influenced
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30:
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776:Party political offices
767:Who's Who in New Zealand
576:"Expects to Hold Seat".
459:
229:Vernon Francis Cracknell
1268:Parti crédit social uni
1263:Pauper Party of Ontario
1131:Democratic Labour Party
1032:Former Parliamentarians
249:Auckland Grammar School
1546:Prosperity certificate
1375:British People's Party
1238:Christian Credit Party
809:New Zealand Parliament
579:The New Zealand Herald
542:The New Zealand Herald
485:The New Zealand Herald
350:New Zealand Parliament
243:Cracknell was born in
202:Shelagh Ralston Julius
98:New Zealand Parliament
16:New Zealand politician
1278:Ralliement créditiste
1156:Progressive Coalition
727:University of Waikato
233:Social Credit Party's
1430:John Horne Blackmore
1344:Douglas Credit Party
1141:New Democratic Party
982:Percival John Dempsy
769:(1971, 10th edition)
607:, pp. 35, 47–8.
441:Later life and death
343:Member of Parliament
1288:Social Credit Board
875:Social Credit Party
353:
268:Social Credit Party
1475:Robert A. Heinlein
944:Stephnie de Ruyter
452:Cracknell died in
347:
1581:
1580:
1515:Manasseh Sogavare
1398:
1397:
1164:
1163:
1012:Neville Aitchison
841:
840:
832:Succeeded by
798:Succeeded by
663:, pp. 69–70.
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394:
226:
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1651:
1573:
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1445:Vernon Cracknell
1425:W. A. C. Bennett
1410:William Aberhart
1354:Social Credit-NZ
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1200:
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1146:Social Credit-NZ
1119:Related articles
1039:Vernon Cracknell
960:Party presidents
902:Vernon Cracknell
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829:1966–1969
815:Preceded by
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287:Political career
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147:Personal details
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25:Vernon Cracknell
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1199:Social Credit
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752:: INL Print.
751:
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702:, p. 86.
701:
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690:, p. 88.
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651:, p. 61.
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410:1969 election
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390:Social Credit
388:
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370:
369:
355:
352:
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336:
334:
330:
326:
325:1963 election
322:
318:
317:Country Party
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310:
309:1954 election
306:
302:
298:
294:
293:1960 election
279:
277:
273:
272:social credit
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264:
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254:
253:Kings College
250:
246:
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197:
194:
193:Social Credit
191:
187:
184:, New Zealand
183:
174:
170:
167:, New Zealand
166:
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79:P.H. Matthews
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29:
22:
19:
1520:Ken Sweigard
1505:Al Overfield
1444:
1233:Canada Party
1080:Jeremy Dwyer
1059:Grant Gillon
1038:
1024:Gloria Bruni
1015:David Wilson
999:Chris Leitch
950:Chris Leitch
938:Grant Gillon
908:John O'Brien
901:
890:Wilfrid Owen
835:Logan Sloane
823:
818:Logan Sloane
801:John O'Brien
789:
766:
745:
742:Zavos, Spiro
730:. Retrieved
718:
695:
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522:. Retrieved
516:
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494:
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451:
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422:John O'Brien
419:
407:
396:
374:–1969
337:
329:Logan Sloane
305:Labour Party
290:
265:
242:
228:
227:
177:(1989-06-04)
138:Logan Sloane
134:Succeeded by
127:Logan Sloane
111:
90:John O'Brien
86:Succeeded by
67:John O'Brien
53:
18:
1599:1989 deaths
1594:1912 births
1525:John Turmel
1465:Ron Gostick
1460:A. N. Field
1435:Eric Butler
1126:John A. Lee
1064:John Wright
1021:Ewan Cornor
994:Stefan Lipa
985:Don Bethune
934:(1991–2001)
932:John Wright
426:John A. Lee
363:Electorate
175:4 June 1989
162:30 May 1912
122:Preceded by
74:Preceded by
1588:Categories
1510:Ezra Pound
1495:Roly Marks
1455:Louis Even
1105:Roly Marks
1095:Les Hunter
1049:Gary Knapp
1006:Peter Kane
926:Gary Knapp
795:1963–1970
750:Lower Hutt
710:References
700:Zavos 1981
688:Zavos 1981
673:Zavos 1981
637:Zavos 1981
499:Zavos 1981
274:theory of
239:Early life
218:Accountant
215:Profession
158:1912-05-30
1207:Movements
975:Mary King
952:(2018–23)
946:(2002–18)
940:(2001–02)
928:(1988–91)
922:(1986–88)
916:(1972–86)
910:(1970–72)
904:(1962–70)
898:(1960–62)
892:(1954–59)
562:The Press
301:Northland
282:Biography
263:in 1951.
257:Northland
112:In office
54:In office
1572:Politics
1565:Category
1151:Alliance
1110:Tom Weal
1090:Eva Hill
744:(1981).
732:18 April
454:Kawakawa
447:Kerikeri
261:Kerikeri
245:Auckland
207:Children
182:Kawakawa
165:Auckland
1534:History
1322:Oceania
524:31 July
437:later.
408:In the
397:In the
331:of the
291:In the
1403:People
1368:Europe
1215:Canada
756:
383:Hobson
366:Party
357:Years
311:, and
297:Hobson
199:Spouse
104:Hobson
63:Deputy
723:(PDF)
460:Notes
360:Term
754:ISBN
734:2015
526:2010
403:1943
378:35th
372:1966
251:and
172:Died
152:Born
102:for
44:3rd
299:in
1590::
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680:^
627:^
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468:^
335:.
1190:e
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866:e
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528:.
210:4
160:)
156:(
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