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768:. On 4 December 1941, he was again arrested by the NKVD, together with Erlich and murdered, although the precise details about his death are unknown. According to some reports, he was sentenced to death on 23 December 1941, and immediately executed. Other sources state that his execution did not take place until February 1943. The death sentence was signed by
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in Warsaw on 17 April 1988. The inscription reads "Leaders of the Bund, Henryk Erlich, b. 1882, and Wiktor Alter, b. 1890. Executed in the Soviet Union". The establishment of the monument (as well as the publication of the full story of Alter and Erlich) was opposed by Poland's post-war
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In 1943, Soviet authorities issued a communique which announced that Victor Alter had been executed for "spying for Hitler". His execution, on Stalin's orders, provoked an international outcry.
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685:. He was one of the leaders of the Polish Bund in the interwar period, associated with the organization's left wing. He was in favor of closer cooperation with the
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820:, Victor Alter, together with Erlich had been "rehabilitated" and the repressions against them had been declared unlawful.
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and refused military service. After the
February Revolution he moved to Russia. In December 1917 he became a member of the
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authorities for his activism for the Bund and was exiled to
Siberia. He managed to escape and soon made his way to
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On 8 February 1991 Victor Erlich, the son of Henryk Erlich was informed that according to a decree passed under
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The Last Days of the
Jerusalem of Lithuania: Chronicles from the Vilna Ghetto and the Camps, 1939–1944
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While the exact place where he was buried is unknown, a symbolic monument was erected at the
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he found himself in the Soviet occupied zone. On 29 September he was arrested by the
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844:. The commemoration ceremony was attended by over three thousand people.
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He also published numerous articles in the socialist press.
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publicist, and a member of the executive committee of the
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and the Soviet Union he was released from the gulag.
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were placed by the Soviet authorities in a hotel in
607:; 7 February 1890 – 17 February 1943) was a Polish
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Jewish socialist activist and publicist (1890–1943)
939:Biographical Dictionary of European Labor Leaders
852:Victor Alter published several books, including:
832:and was only made possible due to the efforts of
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744:. During this time he established contacts with
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1069:Albert Glotzer, "Murder as a Political Weapon"
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1008:. Northwestern University Press. p. 93.
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1075:, Vol. IX No. 3, March 1943, pp. 69–70.
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697:. During this time he was also a member of
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942:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 17.
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865:(When Socialists come to power...!) (1934)
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1149:Executed people from Masovian Voivodeship
859:(Economic Antisemitism in numbers) (1937)
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752:. In October 1941, Alter, together with
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863:Gdy socjaliści dojdą do władzy ...!
654:. In April 1913 he was arrested by
650:in 1912. Afterward he returned to
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1154:Polish people detained by the NKVD
840:and a Bundist) and members of the
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1139:Jews executed by the Soviet Union
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974:. Psychology Press. p. 374.
825:Jewish cemetery on Okopowa street
1085:, No. 24, October–December 1991.
670:he took part in the campaign of
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233:International Jewish Labor Bund
189:Interwar years and World War II
1060:Works by or about Victor Alter
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646:where he received a degree in
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1114:People from Płock Governorate
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742:Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee
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676:Central Committee of the Bund
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704:In September 1939 after the
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871:(Fighting Socialism) (1926)
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371:Der yidisher arbeyter
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65:Vistula Land
25:Victor Alter
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1104:1943 deaths
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750:Anders Army
668:World War I
512:Komtsukunft
472:Morgnshtern
467:Kultur Lige
392:Lebns Fragn
325:Noah Meisel
310:Pati Kremer
255: [
1093:Categories
896:References
544:Categories
462:Klain Bund
225:After 1945
49:1890-02-07
758:Kuibishev
736:Execution
691:Comintern
666:. During
642:, at the
612:socialist
445:Vakht Oyf
247:Australia
149:Offshoots
1129:Bundists
879:See also
792:Cenotaph
693:and the
486:Tsukunft
417:Barikadn
410:Di Shvue
240:Branches
156:Bukovina
111:a series
109:Part of
1062:at the
656:Tsarist
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552:Bundism
536:Ukraine
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161:Galicia
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603:(also
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264:Israel
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202:Poland
197:Latvia
166:Sweden
83:Samara
766:Katyn
718:Gulag
401:Songs
348:Press
259:]
57:Mława
1037:ISBN
1010:ISBN
976:ISBN
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798:and
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