GAZ Volga - Knowledge

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instead of sideways. The car could seat eight people, due to a third row of seats in the cargo section. To allow maximum cargo volume and functionality, the seats in third and second rows were split (rather than a single bench) and could be folded independently of each other. GAZ-24-03 was the ambulance version of the -02. GAZ-24-04 was the taxi estate, with the powerplant and interior trim of the -01. In 1977 a GAZ-24-07 conversion kit was introduced for taxiparks. The GAZ-24-24 was the successor to the GAZ-23 "Chaser", with an identical V8 and automatic gearbox from the Chaika. Yet, unlike the -23, given the purpose of the car, even less effort was put in to differentiate it from standard vehicle due to costs. For example, the automatic selector was masked under a standard shifting lever. A small batch of export cars for countries with left-hand traffic was called GAZ-24-54 (less than a thousand examples built). GAZ-24-76 and -77 were export versions to

342: 526: 1365:, entered production, the GAZ-31029 Volga occupied a major market niche, and demand for the vehicle remained. Thus in 1997 GAZ modernised the car once more, creating original body panels, whilst retaining the GAZ-24's central shell. This removed the visual dissonance that the 31029 created, and by incorporating the chassis and powertrain developed for the new Gazelle families (which in turn were designed for the aborted GAZ-3103/04/05 Volgas), combined with a new interior resulted in GAZ-3110 model. Given the timing, with the 1998 financial crises that followed, which left many foreign equivalents outside the budget Russia's business and public alike, the GAZ-3110 proved a necessity rather than a cheap alternative during the post-crises years. 538: 1509:, the parent company of GAZ, announced that production of Volga passenger cars would be phased out over a 2-year period, with production to end in 2007. GAZ stated that they would instead concentrate on their more profitable truck, bus, and commercial vehicle businesses. At the same time the announcement was made, GAZ also introduced the Volga 311055, a long wheelbase derivative of the 31105. However, in the summer of 2006, GAZ reversed its earlier decision, announcing that further investments would be made in upgrading the styling and technology of the Volga saloons, keeping them in production as "retro" or "historical" vehicles. In early 2006, GAZ signed a deal with 550: 1494: 1411: 1106: 1121: 1336: 1399: 1133: 1387: 1319: 1268:

pre-production vehicles were evaluated by Party garages, the leadership was so impressed with the car, that they barred its mass production as to avoid devaluing its status by its use in taxicabs. As a result, from 1982 and all the way until 2008, the GAZ-3102 was produced in parallel with other Volgas, though in lesser smaller quantity. Originally having its own production line and many distinct features (including a novel, but ultimately unreliable

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belt-speedometer proved too complicated and was replaced by a standard arrow-driven one, as was the fate of the engine cooling coupling that controlled the ventilator fan (proved unreliable, the ventilator would be permanently on, whilst warm air for cold starts would be manually controlled with venetian-type shutter). Additions included external comfort lights were on the rear pillar's chrome element, that turned on upon opening of rear doors.

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and longer trunk. This would be renamed the 3102 in time. A few were built with a 4,250 cc (259 cu in) V8 as the 31011, but this never entered serial production, nor did the continuing GAZ-desired V6 model. (Among its standard features were a fire extinguisher.) It was powered by a twelve-valve version (ZMZ-402.10) of the venerable 2,445 cc (149 cu in) inline four with electronic ignition, producing 105

1287: 764: 587:, the car was to become an iconic feature of that era, both aesthetically and technically. Developed in the mid-1960s, and after the initial production run lasting more than a decade and a half it would go a series of modernisations and facelifts, and despite unsuccessful attempts to find a replacement (GAZ-3105, GAZ-3111 and the Siber), the car would finally be retired in 2009 - 40 years after the first series began production. 67: 903:.) Visually, these Volgas can be identified by front and rear bumper overriders, front fog lights and rear reflectors integrated into a single block. Inside the car gained retractable seat belts, a new dashboard where all exposed metal elements were covered by plastic. In this final shape the car was produced until 1986, the estate until 1987. Including the GAZ-24-10, almost one and a half million such Volgas were produced. 1427: 169: 796:). The first prototypes were built in 1966, and a year later the car was certified for production. For economic reasons a V6 model, despite showing promising results, was deemed unfeasible for mass production. The first batch of 24 vehicles were assembled in 1968, 215 more followed in 1969 and in a public ceremony held on 15 July 1970 the car superseded the GAZ-21 on conveyor without halting it. 1245:'s 3-5 project, nor GAZ's ambitious third-generation Volga would see their respective conveyors. In 1973 more economic solution was adopted for the future car, that rotated around giving a major upgrade to the GAZ-24 by replacing most of the mechanics, the body panels, the interior yet keeping the skeletal body sections and platform, thus avoiding the most costly replacement of production press 1468: 601: 296: 33: 891:) was underway, it was clear that the car would have to soldier on the conveyor for a foreseeable future. In 1977, following a 1976 report by NAMI on the Volga's major shortcomings (problematic steering prime among them), GAZ refused to update the GAZ-24's front suspension, instead making only cosmetic changes. (The front suspension would be unchanged until 2003, when the 512: 574:

urging his country to "catch-up and overtake America", the Soviet command economy could not afford to match the American convention of altering the car for every model year, nor were its centralised factories physically capable of doing so. Thus a more conservative measure was taken, where a typical

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In 1992 when the original machine tooling for the GAZ-24 body panels disintegrated, GAZ took the panels of GAZ-3102 and stripping them of any decorations, launched the GAZ-31029 Volga. Although being obsolete (kingpin front and leaf spring rear suspensions, front drum brakes, carburetted engine .),

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optional with many other features of the contemporary foreign cars of the 1970s. In 1976-7, the new GAZ-3101 appeared in prototype form, but it was little more than "a cosmetic tart-up of the mainstream Volga", with new front door windows, door handles, and lights; it also got longer front overhang

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Though the vehicle never underwent a generational facelift on the scale of the GAZ-21 (if one does not count its derivative successors), nonetheless the car was modernised during production. The early stage included removal of bonnet-mounted rear-view mirrors, new ignition and boot locks. The novel

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Despite its more imposing appearance, the GAZ-24 was in fact 75 mm (3.0 in) shorter in length and 120 mm in height, yet its wheelbase was extended by 10 mm. The lower body waist line, allowed the window area was to be increased, whilst using thinner linings in doors, roof and

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mid-size car, based on a brief issued in 1951. The first pre-production batch left GAZ on 10 October 1956. It was built in three distinct series; in total 639,478 Volgas were built from 1956 until 1970. There was also an estate derivative (GAZ-22) and a rare, V8-engined version developed for the

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By 1980 a replacement was developed, the GAZ-3102, which was based on the central platform and body of the GAZ-24, but with original fascia, interior, engine and chassis. However, political and economic stagnation of the late Brezhnev years continuously delayed the car's launch. When the first

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interior and a slightly modified ZMZ-21A engine to run on 80 RON petrol. GAZ-24-02 was the estate wagon, introduced in 1972. Unlike the GAZ-22, it was serially assembled on a reserve conveyor, rather than out of sedan side panels. The rear, fifth, door was now a single unit that opened upwards

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The first users of the 3102 were the KGB and other government bodies through 1983. It proved unavailable to the public until after the collapse of the Soviet Union. This limited availability has given the 3102 a particular cachet in Russia (even over the Mercedes common among the privileged),

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GAZ-31105 was a second stage of the GAZ-3110's modernisation, though the designation was applied to cars produced from January 2004, the mechanical features were introduced almost a year earlier, and certain external ones were available in separate batches as standard or optional in others.

503:, after whom the Volga plant was named. The plant was renamed following the downfall of his career in 1957, and the -M- prefix was gradually removed from the car beginning in 1965. A fourth series was rejected and production of the third and final GAZ-21 continued until 15 July 1970. 1272:), by 1997 the differences between production, trim and accessories of GAZ-3102 and latter Volga's remained only in its exterior. GAZ-3102 originally being an exclusive car for higher ranking authorities, retained its business image during the 1990s and well into the 2000s. 1030:). Production pursuit cars, which became available in 1986, were 31012s with the 5.5 liter (with one four-choke carburetor), fitted with a three-speed automatic and power steering (some with power windows and air conditioning), while the 31013 was the same, but with 1195:

When launching the M24 Volga, GAZ envisioned an average, for the USSR, production run of a decade. The newer designs were produced by smaller numbers due to development of other projects in the Soviet automotive industry, in particular the coming about of the

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Development of the planned replacement for the GAZ-21 Volga began in 1961. At the time, the North American automotive industry was perceived as the global leader in design and innovation, and it inevitable for its Soviet counterpart to look up to it. Despite

1046:, though Soviet and Russian drivers soon learned to spot the extra radio aerials and dual exhausts. These cars were never true production models, "to all intents and purposes hand built". How many were made is unknown, the last being assembled in 1995. 575:

car would last 7–10 years on the conveyor, typical of Europe. GAZ-24 Volga was planned to have such a lifetime, lasting through the 1970s. However, even before its 1968 première, it was already behind schedule and as the USSR slipped into the

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In 1977, the 31011, with the 160 hp 4,250 cc (259 cu in) V8 and automatic transmission, appeared, for KGB and police use, joined by the experimental 31014 with 5,530 cc (337 cu in) ZMZ-503.10 V8, delivering

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The first generation cars featured a characteristic grille with a star emblem which gave the car its nickname. It proved time-consuming to manufacture and deterred potential foreign customers, thus lasting less than two years on the assembly

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Overall, the original Model 24 Volga was a major success. Like the GAZ-21, it remained a dream car for the Soviet consumer. However, unlike the GAZ-21 it cost almost twice as much, and given that its launch coincided with the launch of the

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reforms took shape. Though still remaining a status car, it quickly lost that prestige as market economy allowed free import of automobiles. However its simple and robust design and still good quality assembly, and the lack of a domestic

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Whereas the GAZ-21 became a collectible by the Soviet Union's collapse, the GAZ-24 extended assembly line life meant that only in the late 2000s have prices for low-mileage mint-condition models and restoration interest began to climb.

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was the result. The Volga Siber was unveiled in August 2007, and production began in July 2008, with a goal of producing 20,000 units the first year. However, sales figures were not met and only 2,500 Sibers were built in all of 2009.

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Manufacture of the 3102 began in 1981, with its official launch the next year. However, such car would never see light, as the 1970s unrolled, the stagnation era effects has significantly thwarted any innovation in Soviet Union's

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Design of GAZ-21's replacement began in the early 1960s, and original sketches showed an evolution from the contoured body of the early 1960s to the more angular and rigid profile. The M24 was to introduce the popular measure

780:). GAZ hoped to employ this on the new Volga and a range was drawn where the entry model would carry the traditional, though modernised, four cylinder engine and manual transmission (the prototype appeared with a 120 1294:

The GAZ-24 continued to be produced until 1985, when using some of the technical developments of GAZ-3102 was deeply modified, resulting in the GAZ-24-10. Starting with 24-10 the Volga began a slow transformation as the

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unit (a licence-built Girling PowerStop), as well as an independent parking brake (rather than transmission brake of the GAZ-21). At the same time, certain features were retained for their proven reliability, like the

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production was doubled in quantity and halved in quality. As a result, the car transformed from a symbol of status into a disposable workhorse, barely meeting the astronomic demand of the emerging market economy.

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and the rest in taxi, police and ambulances. Private ownership would often be offered only to representatives of Soviet elite and celebrities. Given that it was possible to openly purchase a new Volga only via

1204:, the project 3-5, to replace the 408 and 412 series. The latter's being more economic would have proved a natural relieve the Volga of its traditional taxi role, leaving GAZ's new vehicle as a more exclusive 922:

chain (where it cost almost ten thousand rubles) its resale value would thus be several times higher than the stated nominal price. In both cases, the sum would be well outside the financial abilities of the

491:(Shark). There were also continuous improvements throughout the entire production run. In 1962, the third series with its characteristic 36-slit grille was introduced. The new grille prompted the " 807:

D engine, an evolution of the ZMZ-21A. Retaining the basic OHV configuration, it now ran on 92 RON gasoline (while the ZMZ-24-01 could use commonly available 76 octane, and the 24-07 could use

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was unimpressed with the vehicle visually and once again, the high price of the car prevented any interest to sales. As a result, only 428 cars were built as part of the pre-production batch.

1453:, which was never to be part of the Volga family, as it would be produced on the Chaika's conveyor (presently still used for the -3102) due to the economic problems never reached production. 859:

The car was built in several modifications and these were now indicated by numbers rather than letters. The sedan version was called GAZ-24. GAZ-24-01 was the taxi, which included a robust

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other body panels, notably increased interior space. The combination of this progressive design and a lower clearance gave it a much lighter and more elegant aura.

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The estate was introduced in 1962 and remains rare as it was only available to state buyers, to discourage private enterprise. In export, it was freely available.

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The GAZ-24 was the Eastern Bloc's largest family car, but proved difficult for families to actually obtain, with official purchases at first taking precedence.

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into the model range, where the same body would house different powertrains, mechanics and interior trim, and hence could me marketed as separate cars (

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This maintenance-intensive item was retained because it was expected most users would be institutions, and its durability was proven. Thompson, p.127.

1212:. With this in mind, the vehicle's mock-up demonstrated in 1976 was to grow in size, have the V6 powerplant as standard, and a perspective 4.2 litre 2641: 793: 699: 819:, instead of the slower coquille for the 21A. The engine featured a twin-choke carburettor, with a higher compression ratio, producing 95 394: 1229:), enough for 94 mph (151 km/h). Disk brakes were fitted in front, while the rear drums were equipped with a crude antiskid system. 278:

Despite the continuous modernisations, GAZ found it increasingly difficult to keep the ageing design competitive in a market economy. GAZ CEO

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During the late 1980s GAZ developed a concept car for a future replacement for both the business -3102 Volga and the luxury limousine

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A GAZ-M-21U of the Third Series, showing the "Baleen" type grille would become a factory trademark element for all successive cars.

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plant, the more available Lada allowed for the Volga to rise in exclusivity. The lion's share of cars were used for the Soviet

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during which it was produced. This more negative connotation began to disperse following the introduction of the GAZ-3102.

1958: 1034:. These "were quite simply the fastest cars on Russian roads", and they got just 20 litres per 100 kilometres (14 mpg 1006:) in 1984. (The 2,445 cc (149.2 cu in) continued in production until 2008, by then only on special order.) 487:, was built from late 1956 until 1958. It was replaced by the second series, fitted with a 16-slit grille and nicknamed 135: 2636: 1966: 499:) nickname and became a Volga trademark for decades. Originally called the GAZ-M-21, the -M- prefix was a reference to 17: 107: 887:

In the original design brief the GAZ-24 was to be retired by 1978, and though by that time work on a successor (the

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structure. Moreover, the Minister of Automotive Industry, Viktor Polyakov, had open favouritism for the new

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GAZ always desired a six-cylinder version, and built prototypes with a variety of sixes: a 125

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of sections of text to one or more sub-topic articles which are then summarized in the main article.

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countries, who would retrofit the cars with Indénor diesels and a more luxurious trim such as

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made them a contemporary cultural icon. Several generations of the car have been produced.

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Although GAZ was developing a "spiritual successor" to the 3111, the front-wheel drive

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mid-size car design. GAZ stated that the new car would not carry the Volga brand.

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rotary, and with a pair of single-rotors operated independently (a bit like an

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Due to private ownership of GAZ-22 station wagon/estate being forbidden in the

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In total, about 9,000 cars were produced during the 2008–2010 production run.

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The GAZ-3111 was scheduled to launch in 2000, but the factory's new owner

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4×4, called GAZ-24-95, one of which was known to be personally used by

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The first generation Volga was developed as a replacement for the 1946

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the GAZ-24-10 was quickly seized by the new generation of commerce.

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to acquire the tooling and intellectual property rights for the

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There was also a prototype 31015 built in 1989, with a 160

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The car was powered by a 2,445 cc (149.2 cu in)

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layout. The brakes were improved, with a hydraulic vacuum

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license, it decided to further modify the car, and the

1096:) 2,600 cc (159 cu in) Mercedes engine. 748:(later ZMZ-2401) 2,445 cc (149.2 cu in) 1357:

Though deemed temporary until GAZ's own LCV cars, the

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Second generation, the GAZ-24, GAZ-3102 and GAZ-3110

831:) at 4500 rpm and an even more impressive 186 285: 2558: 282:decided to discontinue the Volga range in 2010. 1061:) two-rotor 1,300 cc (80 cu in) 42:may benefit from being shortened by the use of 1482: 1974: 1456: 1434: 359:1958-1962, 1960-1969 (China) (second series) 1421: 93:introducing citations to additional sources 1049:Small numbers were built with the 140 1981: 1967: 1180:Second series—the GAZ-3102 and derivatives 651: 340: 271:in 1956. Their role in serving the Soviet 167: 617:Please consider summarizing the material. 312:Please consider summarizing the material. 1492: 1466: 1425: 1368: 1334: 1317: 1307: 1285: 1275: 1183: 954:) 2,494 cc (152.2 cu in) 762: 83:Relevant discussion may be found on the 2642:1956 establishments in the Soviet Union 1346: 1256: 14: 2559: 2033: 2030: 2027: 2024: 2021: 2018: 1042:). Their low-key appearance made them 792:) 2,990 cc (182 cu in) 452:Small series contained a 5.52 L 2036: 2013: 1962: 591:First series — the GAZ-24 (1970–1985) 1578: 594: 289: 60: 26: 1903:/ UK road test 1969 GAZ M-21 Volga 1331:Third series—the GAZ-3110 and 31105 531:The second generation, the "Shark". 24: 1253:allowing GAZ sell it at a markup. 25: 2658: 1896: 2647:2010 disestablishments in Russia 1409: 1397: 1385: 1167: 1155: 1150:GAZ-24-95 four-wheel drive sedan 1143: 1131: 1119: 1104: 599: 548: 536: 524: 511: 483:The first series, nicknamed the 294: 76:relies largely or entirely on a 65: 31: 1884: 1875: 1866: 1857: 1848: 1839: 1830: 1821: 1812: 1803: 1794: 1785: 1776: 1767: 1758: 1749: 1740: 1737:Thompson, pp.115, 236, and 246. 1731: 1722: 1713: 1704: 1695: 1686: 1677: 1668: 1659: 1650: 1079:Armstrong Siddeley Double Mamba 1641: 1632: 1623: 1614: 1605: 1596: 1587: 1553: 286:First Generation, the GAZ-M-21 226:Front engine, rear-wheel drive 49:Summary style may involve the 13: 1: 1949:Scaldia Volga M24D in English 1944:About Volga GAZ-21 in English 1939:About Volga GAZ-24 in English 1547: 2003:, car timeline, 1960–present 7: 1535: 1483:GAZ Volga Siber (2008-2010) 585:1965 Soviet economic reform 10: 2663: 2542: 2538: 2531: 2522: 2515: 2506: 2495: 2491: 2489: 2473: 2464: 2448: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2440: 2438: 2431: 2427: 2425: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2412: 2407: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2388: 2386: 2384: 2377: 2373: 2367: 2365: 2363: 2356: 2345: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2317: 2310: 2306: 2304: 2298: 2271: 2266: 2246: 2244: 2242: 2240: 1486: 1460: 1457:GAZ-3111 Volga (1998-2004) 1438: 1435:GAZ-3105 Volga (1992-1996) 1430:GAZ-3105 Volga (1992-1996) 1372: 1350: 1311: 1279: 1270:stratified charge ignition 1260: 633: 460: 2637:Rear-wheel-drive vehicles 2544:GAZon NEXT and Sadko NEXT 2540: 2536: 2529: 2520: 2513: 2511: 2504: 2500: 2493: 2487: 2482: 2478: 2471: 2469: 2459: 2452: 2450: 2429: 2405: 2394: 2390: 2382: 2375: 2369: 2361: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2338: 2336: 2331: 2329: 2319: 2315: 2308: 2300: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2281: 2276: 2261: 2257: 2255: 2250: 2248: 2235: 2008: 1422:Limited production models 1404:GAZ-31105 (2007 facelift) 1208:for the mid-range Soviet 739: 734: 710: 705: 689: 674: 670:1977–1985 (second series) 664: 659: 650: 645: 614:and excessively detailed. 476:as an escort vehicle for 441: 436: 428: 405: 400: 388: 365: 353: 348: 339: 334: 309:and excessively detailed. 256: 235: 230: 220: 203: 198: 190: 180: 175: 166: 161: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2041: 1921:(in English and Russian) 1782:Thompson, p.130 caption. 1449:. However the resulting 1302:light commercial vehicle 1241:giant, and thus neither 1200:plant and a much bigger 1069:(which featured a 9.4:1 986:in 1975, and a 135 899:, while the rear got an 767:Interior of a 1974 model 668:1970–1977 (first series) 361:1962-1970 (third series) 357:1956-1958 (first series) 2607:Cars introduced in 1956 1954:Jay Leno's Volga GAZ-21 1934:(in German and English) 1926:Autosoviet on the Volga 895:were changed to sealed 263:that originated in the 1520:When GAZ acquired the 1498: 1472: 1431: 1343: 1323: 1291: 1192: 768: 753:ZMZ-2424 5.53 L 2475:GAZ-3307 and GAZ-3309 1931:German Volga importer 1809:Thompson, pp.242-245. 1710:Thompson, pp.246-247. 1683:Thompson, pp.246-247. 1647:Thompson, pp.242-243. 1496: 1470: 1429: 1369:GAZ-31105 (2004–2009) 1338: 1321: 1308:GAZ-31029 (1992–1997) 1289: 1276:GAZ-24-10 (1985–1992) 1187: 931:in the USSR, and the 929:Social stratification 852:front suspension and 766: 447:ZMZ-21A 2.445 L 1347:GAZ-3110 (1997–2004) 1257:GAZ-3102 (1982–2009) 958:in 1973, a 120 925:Soviet working class 89:improve this article 1505:, in December 2005 1392:GAZ-31105 in Monaco 1206:personal luxury car 1032:electronic ignition 725:(first series only) 267:to replace the GAZ 2572:Soviet automobiles 1999:, a subsidiary of 1499: 1473: 1432: 1344: 1324: 1292: 1193: 861:artificial leather 854:recirculating ball 769: 501:Vyacheslav Molotov 18:Volga (automobile) 2554: 2553: 2549: 2548: 1993: 1071:compression ratio 933:Era of Stagnation 761: 760: 696:Leonid Tsikolenko 632: 631: 577:Era of Stagnation 572:Nikita Khrushchev 459: 458: 327: 326: 245: 244: 162:GAZ-31105 'Volga' 154: 153: 139: 59: 58: 16:(Redirected from 2654: 2414:GAZelle Business 2011: 2010: 1991: 1983: 1976: 1969: 1960: 1959: 1935: 1922: 1891: 1890:Thompson, p.245. 1888: 1882: 1881:Thompson, p.243. 1879: 1873: 1872:Thompson, p.243. 1870: 1864: 1863:Thompson, p.243. 1861: 1855: 1854:Thompson, p.245. 1852: 1846: 1845:Thompson, p.245. 1843: 1837: 1836:Thompson, p.245. 1834: 1828: 1827:Thompson, p.243. 1825: 1819: 1818:Thompson, p.243. 1816: 1810: 1807: 1801: 1800:Thompson, p.245. 1798: 1792: 1791:Thompson, p.243. 1789: 1783: 1780: 1774: 1773:Thompson, p.247. 1771: 1765: 1764:Thompson, p.246. 1762: 1756: 1755:Thompson, p.246. 1753: 1747: 1746:Thompson, p.246. 1744: 1738: 1735: 1729: 1728:Thompson, p.247. 1726: 1720: 1719:Thompson, p.247. 1717: 1711: 1708: 1702: 1701:Thompson, p.247. 1699: 1693: 1692:Thompson, p.246. 1690: 1684: 1681: 1675: 1674:Thompson, p.246. 1672: 1666: 1665:Thompson, p.129. 1663: 1657: 1656:Thompson, p.128. 1654: 1648: 1645: 1639: 1638:Thompson, p.242. 1636: 1630: 1629:Thompson, p.242. 1627: 1621: 1618: 1612: 1611:Thompson, p.128. 1609: 1603: 1602:Thompson, p.128. 1600: 1594: 1593:Thompson, p.128. 1591: 1585: 1584:Thompson, p.133. 1582: 1576: 1575: 1573: 1571: 1565:The Moscow Times 1557: 1522:Chrysler Sebring 1515:Chrysler Sebring 1413: 1401: 1389: 1174:GAZ-24 side view 1171: 1162:GAZ-24 rear view 1159: 1147: 1135: 1123: 1108: 974:(as used in the 778:platform sharing 774:economy of scale 706:Body and chassis 655: 643: 642: 627: 624: 618: 603: 602: 595: 552: 540: 528: 515: 401:Body and chassis 344: 332: 331: 322: 319: 313: 298: 297: 290: 258: 199:Body and chassis 171: 159: 158: 149: 146: 140: 138: 97: 69: 61: 54: 35: 34: 27: 21: 2662: 2661: 2657: 2656: 2655: 2653: 2652: 2651: 2587:Police vehicles 2557: 2556: 2555: 2550: 2517:GAZ-3310 Valdai 2293:GAZ-31105 Volga 2283:GAZ-31029 Volga 2278:GAZ-24-10 Volga 2004: 1987: 1933: 1920: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1885: 1880: 1876: 1871: 1867: 1862: 1858: 1853: 1849: 1844: 1840: 1835: 1831: 1826: 1822: 1817: 1813: 1808: 1804: 1799: 1795: 1790: 1786: 1781: 1777: 1772: 1768: 1763: 1759: 1754: 1750: 1745: 1741: 1736: 1732: 1727: 1723: 1718: 1714: 1709: 1705: 1700: 1696: 1691: 1687: 1682: 1678: 1673: 1669: 1664: 1660: 1655: 1651: 1646: 1642: 1637: 1633: 1628: 1624: 1619: 1615: 1610: 1606: 1601: 1597: 1592: 1588: 1583: 1579: 1569: 1567: 1559: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1538: 1511:DaimlerChrysler 1497:GAZ Volga Siber 1491: 1489:GAZ Volga Siber 1485: 1465: 1459: 1443: 1437: 1424: 1417: 1414: 1405: 1402: 1393: 1390: 1377: 1371: 1355: 1349: 1333: 1316: 1310: 1284: 1278: 1265: 1259: 1235:planned economy 1182: 1175: 1172: 1163: 1160: 1151: 1148: 1139: 1136: 1127: 1124: 1115: 1109: 1041: 1037: 1022:) and 450 878:Leonid Brezhnev 752: 726: 720: 712:Body style 680:Nizhny Novgorod 669: 641: 638: 628: 622: 619: 616: 604: 600: 593: 567: 560: 553: 544: 541: 532: 529: 520: 516: 474:9th Directorate 465: 451: 415: 407:Body style 371:Nizhny Novgorod 360: 358: 330: 323: 317: 314: 311: 299: 295: 288: 157: 150: 144: 141: 98: 96: 82: 70: 55: 48: 36: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2660: 2650: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2602:Station wagons 2599: 2594: 2592:Executive cars 2589: 2584: 2582:Cars of Russia 2579: 2574: 2569: 2552: 2551: 2547: 2546: 2541: 2539: 2537: 2535: 2530: 2527: 2526: 2521: 2519: 2514: 2512: 2510: 2505: 2502: 2501: 2499: 2497:GAZ-3308 Sadko 2494: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2480: 2479: 2477: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2463: 2457: 2456: 2451: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2436: 2435: 2430: 2428: 2426: 2424: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2392: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2385: 2383: 2381: 2376: 2374: 2371: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2362: 2360: 2355: 2349: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2342: 2340:GAZ-3111 Volga 2337: 2335: 2333:GAZ-3105 Volga 2330: 2328: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2314: 2312:GAZ-3102 Volga 2309: 2307: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2299: 2297: 2295: 2290: 2288:GAZ-3110 Volga 2285: 2280: 2275: 2270: 2265: 2259: 2258: 2256: 2254: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2241: 2239: 2233: 2232: 2229: 2226: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2208: 2205: 2202: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2175: 2172: 2169: 2166: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2061: 2058: 2055: 2052: 2049: 2046: 2043: 2039: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2017: 2009: 2006: 2005: 1986: 1985: 1978: 1971: 1963: 1957: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1928: 1923: 1915: 1910: 1905: 1898: 1897:External links 1895: 1893: 1892: 1883: 1874: 1865: 1856: 1847: 1838: 1829: 1820: 1811: 1802: 1793: 1784: 1775: 1766: 1757: 1748: 1739: 1730: 1721: 1712: 1703: 1694: 1685: 1676: 1667: 1658: 1649: 1640: 1631: 1622: 1613: 1604: 1595: 1586: 1577: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1545: 1544: 1537: 1534: 1487:Main article: 1484: 1481: 1477:Oleg Deripaska 1461:Main article: 1458: 1455: 1439:Main article: 1436: 1433: 1423: 1420: 1419: 1418: 1415: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1384: 1373:Main article: 1370: 1367: 1351:Main article: 1348: 1345: 1332: 1329: 1312:Main article: 1309: 1306: 1280:Main article: 1277: 1274: 1261:Main article: 1258: 1255: 1181: 1178: 1177: 1176: 1173: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1142: 1140: 1137: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1118: 1116: 1110: 1103: 1039: 1035: 813:cylinder block 809:liquid propane 759: 758: 743: 737: 736: 732: 731: 714: 708: 707: 703: 702: 700:Nikolay Kireev 693: 687: 686: 676: 672: 671: 666: 662: 661: 657: 656: 648: 647: 639: 634:Main article: 630: 629: 607: 605: 598: 592: 589: 581:Alexey Kosygin 566: 563: 562: 561: 554: 547: 545: 542: 535: 533: 530: 523: 521: 517: 510: 469:GAZ-M20 Pobeda 461:Main article: 457: 456: 445: 439: 438: 434: 433: 432:GAZ-22, GAZ-23 430: 426: 425: 409: 403: 402: 398: 397: 392: 386: 385: 367: 363: 362: 355: 351: 350: 346: 345: 337: 336: 328: 325: 324: 302: 300: 293: 287: 284: 243: 242: 240:GAZ-M20 Pobeda 237: 233: 232: 228: 227: 224: 218: 217: 207: 201: 200: 196: 195: 192: 188: 187: 182: 178: 177: 173: 172: 164: 163: 155: 152: 151: 87:. Please help 73: 71: 64: 57: 56: 39: 37: 30: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2659: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2628: 2625: 2623: 2620: 2618: 2615: 2613: 2610: 2608: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2598: 2595: 2593: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2580: 2578: 2577:Soviet brands 2575: 2573: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2564: 2562: 2545: 2534: 2528: 2525: 2518: 2509: 2508:GAZ-52/GAZ-53 2503: 2498: 2485: 2481: 2476: 2467: 2462: 2458: 2455: 2437: 2434: 2418: 2415: 2410: 2397: 2393: 2380: 2379:GAZ-14 Chaika 2372: 2359: 2358:GAZ-13 Chaika 2354: 2350: 2341: 2334: 2322: 2313: 2303: 2294: 2289: 2284: 2279: 2274: 2269: 2268:GAZ М21 Volga 2264: 2263:Executive car 2260: 2253: 2238: 2234: 2040: 2016: 2012: 2007: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1984: 1979: 1977: 1972: 1970: 1965: 1964: 1961: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1919: 1916: 1914: 1911: 1909: 1906: 1904: 1901: 1900: 1887: 1878: 1869: 1860: 1851: 1842: 1833: 1824: 1815: 1806: 1797: 1788: 1779: 1770: 1761: 1752: 1743: 1734: 1725: 1716: 1707: 1698: 1689: 1680: 1671: 1662: 1653: 1644: 1635: 1626: 1617: 1608: 1599: 1590: 1581: 1566: 1562: 1556: 1552: 1543: 1540: 1539: 1533: 1530: 1527: 1523: 1518: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1495: 1490: 1480: 1478: 1469: 1464: 1454: 1452: 1448: 1447:GAZ-14 Chaika 1442: 1428: 1412: 1407: 1400: 1395: 1388: 1383: 1382: 1381: 1376: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1354: 1341: 1337: 1328: 1320: 1315: 1305: 1303: 1298: 1288: 1283: 1273: 1271: 1264: 1254: 1250: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1190: 1186: 1170: 1165: 1158: 1153: 1146: 1141: 1138:GAZ-24 estate 1134: 1129: 1122: 1117: 1113: 1107: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1082: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1067:Wankel engine 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1047: 1045: 1038:; 12 mpg 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1007: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 989: 985: 982:) in 1978, a 981: 977: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 940: 936: 934: 930: 926: 921: 916: 915: 910: 904: 902: 898: 894: 890: 885: 881: 879: 875: 871: 867: 862: 857: 855: 851: 846: 842: 841:four on floor 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 801: 797: 795: 791: 787: 783: 779: 775: 765: 756: 751: 747: 744: 742: 738: 733: 730: 724: 719: 715: 713: 709: 704: 701: 697: 694: 692: 688: 685: 681: 677: 673: 667: 663: 658: 654: 649: 644: 640:Motor vehicle 637: 626: 615: 613: 608:This section 606: 597: 596: 588: 586: 582: 578: 573: 559:, few survive 558: 551: 546: 539: 534: 527: 522: 514: 509: 508: 507: 504: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 481: 479: 475: 470: 464: 455: 450: 446: 444: 440: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 414: 410: 408: 404: 399: 396: 393: 391: 387: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 356: 352: 347: 343: 338: 333: 329:Motor vehicle 321: 310: 308: 303:This section 301: 292: 291: 283: 281: 276: 274: 270: 266: 262: 261:executive car 254: 250: 241: 238: 234: 229: 225: 223: 219: 215: 211: 210:Executive car 208: 206: 202: 197: 193: 189: 186: 183: 179: 174: 170: 165: 160: 156:Motor vehicle 148: 137: 134: 130: 127: 123: 120: 116: 113: 109: 106: – 105: 101: 100:Find sources: 94: 90: 86: 80: 79: 78:single source 74:This article 72: 68: 63: 62: 52: 47: 45: 44:summary style 40:This article 38: 29: 28: 19: 2433:GAZelle NEXT 2273:GAZ-24 Volga 2014: 1886: 1877: 1868: 1859: 1850: 1841: 1832: 1823: 1814: 1805: 1796: 1787: 1778: 1769: 1760: 1751: 1742: 1733: 1724: 1715: 1706: 1697: 1688: 1679: 1670: 1661: 1652: 1643: 1634: 1625: 1616: 1607: 1598: 1589: 1580: 1568:. Retrieved 1564: 1555: 1531: 1519: 1500: 1474: 1444: 1416:Taxi in Kyiv 1378: 1356: 1325: 1293: 1266: 1251: 1231: 1210:nomenklatura 1194: 1126:GAZ-24 sedan 1112:Volkspolizei 1098: 1083: 1048: 1008: 1004:Ford Scorpio 941: 937: 914:nomenklatura 912: 905: 901:antiroll bar 886: 882: 858: 802: 798: 770: 718:saloon/sedan 646:GAZ-24 Volga 620: 609: 579:, following 568: 557:Soviet Union 505: 496: 488: 484: 482: 466: 418:estate/wagon 413:saloon/sedan 395:Lev Yeremeev 335:GAZ-21 Volga 315: 304: 280:Bo Andersson 277: 273:nomenklatura 265:Soviet Union 248: 246: 181:Manufacturer 145:October 2018 142: 132: 125: 118: 111: 99: 75: 41: 2524:Valdai NEXT 2252:Volga Siber 1918:GAZ Website 1908:Owners club 1542:Black Volga 1526:Volga Siber 1507:RusPromAvto 1342:(1997-2004) 1297:Perestroika 1225:; 106 1191:, mid-1990s 1092:; 162 1057:; 142 1018:; 198 994:; 137 984:Mercedes R6 976:Peugeot 604 966:; 122 950:; 127 897:ball joints 788:; 122 757:(GAZ-24-24) 723:convertible 236:Predecessor 104:"GAZ Volga" 2632:2000s cars 2627:1990s cars 2622:1980s cars 2617:1970s cars 2612:1960s cars 2561:Categories 2353:Luxury car 1913:Volga Auto 1548:References 1503:Volga 3115 1088:(119 1053:(104 1036:‑imp 1026:(610 1014:(145 990:(101 870:vinyl roof 856:steering. 835:(137 827:; 96 735:Powertrain 665:Production 478:motorcades 437:Powertrain 354:Production 231:Chronology 191:Production 115:newspapers 2567:GAZ Volga 2001:GAZ Group 1375:GAZ-31105 1322:GAZ-31029 1314:GAZ-31029 1290:GAZ-24-10 1282:GAZ-24-10 1221:(78 1202:Moskvitch 1040:‑US 1010:195 980:Volvo 260 962:(89 946:(93 823:(71 784:(89 623:July 2017 497:Kitovy Us 318:July 2017 214:E-segment 194:1956–2010 85:talk page 51:splitting 2237:Mid-size 1992:previous 1536:See also 1471:GAZ-3111 1463:GAZ-3111 1451:GAZ-3105 1441:GAZ-3105 1353:GAZ-3110 1340:GAZ-3110 1263:GAZ-3102 1247:stamping 1189:GAZ-3102 1044:sleepers 920:Beryozka 893:kingpins 889:GAZ-3102 817:die cast 691:Designer 675:Assembly 660:Overview 612:too long 390:Designer 366:Assembly 349:Overview 307:too long 259:) is an 176:Overview 2409:GAZelle 1990:« 1359:GAZelle 1075:VAZ 431 1063:VAZ-411 1002:from a 998:) (the 972:Peugeot 866:Benelux 850:kingpin 811:). The 727:5-door 721:4-door 716:4-door 678:Gorky ( 610:may be 429:Related 416:5-door 411:4-door 379:Beijing 369:Gorky ( 305:may be 253:Russian 129:scholar 2597:Sedans 2533:GAZ-66 2484:GAZ-63 2466:GAZ-51 2037:2020s 2034:2010s 2031:2000s 2028:1990s 2025:1980s 2022:1970s 2019:1960s 1570:8 July 1114:GAZ-24 1024:ft⋅lbf 874:GAZ-69 837:ft⋅lbf 805:ZMZ-24 746:ZMZ-24 741:Engine 729:estate 636:GAZ-24 493:Baleen 472:KGB's 463:GAZ-21 443:Engine 422:GAZ-22 269:Pobeda 222:Layout 131: 124: 117: 110: 102: 2461:Truck 1363:Sobol 845:servo 684:RSFSR 489:Akula 383:China 377:BAW ( 375:RSFSR 257:Волга 249:Volga 205:Class 136:JSTOR 122:books 2015:Type 1572:2017 1361:and 1243:AZLK 1065:-01 978:and 815:was 519:line 485:Star 247:The 108:news 2396:LCV 1997:GAZ 1239:VAZ 1198:VAZ 1028:N⋅m 1000:2.8 956:BMW 909:VAZ 833:N⋅m 682:), 583:'s 495:" ( 381:), 373:), 185:GAZ 91:by 2563:: 2454:NN 2231:3 2219:9 2189:9 2159:9 2129:9 2099:9 2069:9 1995:— 1563:. 1249:. 1227:PS 1223:kW 1219:hp 1214:V8 1094:PS 1090:kW 1086:hp 1059:PS 1055:kW 1051:hp 1020:PS 1016:kW 1012:hp 996:PS 992:kW 988:hp 970:) 968:PS 964:kW 960:hp 952:PS 948:kW 944:hp 880:. 829:PS 825:kW 821:hp 794:V6 790:PS 786:kW 782:hp 755:V8 750:I4 698:, 480:. 454:V8 449:I4 255:: 2228:2 2225:1 2222:0 2216:8 2213:7 2210:6 2207:5 2204:4 2201:3 2198:2 2195:1 2192:0 2186:8 2183:7 2180:6 2177:5 2174:4 2171:3 2168:2 2165:1 2162:0 2156:8 2153:7 2150:6 2147:5 2144:4 2141:3 2138:2 2135:1 2132:0 2126:8 2123:7 2120:6 2117:5 2114:4 2111:3 2108:2 2105:1 2102:0 2096:8 2093:7 2090:6 2087:5 2084:4 2081:3 2078:2 2075:1 2072:0 2066:8 2063:7 2060:6 2057:5 2054:4 2051:3 2048:2 2045:1 2042:0 1982:e 1975:t 1968:v 1574:. 625:) 621:( 424:) 420:( 320:) 316:( 251:( 216:) 212:( 147:) 143:( 133:· 126:· 119:· 112:· 95:. 81:. 46:. 20:)

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