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276:. Even then he recognised the importance of the international context in which business operated, wanting his graduates to be able to understand the background to the political and economic policies of other countries. Given Britain's position as a colonial power at the turn of the century, this was a far-sighted approach.
323:, Ashley strongly supported Chamberlain's proposals. Chamberlain wrote to Ashley on 26 April 1904 and said his book was "the best manual we have". Chamberlain's biographer, Peter Marsh, said, "y all accounts the most persuasive book-length rationale for tariff reform, Ashley's work commanded the respect even of
915:
264:
of the
Faculty at the university, which he was instrumental in founding. At the time it was England's first Faculty of Commerce, and a hundred years later there are over one hundred Business Schools in the UK; Birmingham can perhaps claim to be the ancestor of them all. Ashley said in 1902 that the
268:
In its first year, the annual costs of the
Faculty, including staff salaries, were £8,200 – there were six students, a lecture room and two classrooms. By 1908, fifteen men had graduated through the School, many with businesses waiting for their skills. Ashley stated: "I quite expect that before I
346:
came to organise the economic history session at the second Anglo-American
Historical Conference at the Institute of Historical Research in July 1926, two strands fell carefully together. Ashley was to give a paper on "the place of economic history in university studies" and there was to be
269:
retire I shall be able to gather round me a room full of
Managers and Managing Directors who have been students in the Faculty of Commerce." A large room would be needed now: over the past 100 years it is estimated that more than 15,000 students have passed successfully through the School.
280:
265:
aim of the new
Faculty was the education not of the "rank and file, but of the officers of the industrial and commercial army: of those who, as principals, directors, managers, secretaries, heads of department, etc., will ultimately guide the business activity of the country."
912:
337:
In 1925, Ashley retired from the
Birmingham University chair of Commerce that he had occupied since 1901. Despite being now very elderly and supposedly retired for the benefit of his health, he was once again instrumental in the founding of a major movement;
191:
on 25 February 1860. The marginal life of his early years was shaped by the underemployment of his father, a journeyman hatter; his scepticism of free trade economics may have originated from his observations during his formative years. He was educated at
200:. He escaped the near-choiceless world of his youth through academic brilliance and, ultimately, by winning the 1878 Brackenbury history scholarship to Balliol College, which was then pursuing social uplift policies under the mastership of the legendary
350:
The meeting, on 14 July 1926, brought the
Society into existence. Sir William Ashley duly became the first President of the Society, and his paper at the foundation meeting was published as the first article in the first number of the
231:, and in summer of that year he and his bride sailed to Canada to his new academic post. From 1888 to 1892 he was Professor of Political Economy and Constitutional History at the
38:
260:, where he fostered the development of its commercial programme. Robin Emery was a big influence in his life. From 1902 until 1923, he served as first professor of Commerce and
955:
243:
was more developed in
Germany than it was in England. In 1892 Ashley moved on to Harvard, becoming the first Professor of Economic History in the English-speaking world.
216:
competition. After Oxford, he studied at
Heidelberg University, where he was influenced by the well-developed studies of economic history is developed by Schmoller and
163:. His major intellectual influence was in organising economic history in Great Britain and introducing the ideas of the leading German economic historians, especially
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discussion of, as Eileen Power put it, "the new
Economic History Society and the Economic History Review and other methods of promoting the subject".
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1077:
334:, Ashley argued that tariffs in Germany had ensured employment and that they had also raised revenue for social insurance and old age pensions.
235:. At the University of Toronto, he helped establish a new department of Political Science. The inaugural lecture he gave there was dedicated to
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in history, economics and commerce in the Universities of Cambridge, London, Durham, Wales and Ireland. In 1919 he was appointed to the
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Ashley was insistent that the course should provide a broad education, with students not only studying commerce but also languages and
311:
From 1900 to 1906, Ashley wielded some political influence on the Conservative government's economic policy, notably supporting
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Ashley in group photograph with other uniformed men and Birmingham University officials – he is the fourth man from the right
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The adjustment of wages: a study in the coal and iron industries of Great Britain and America,
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An Introduction to English Economic History and Theory, Part II: The End of the Middle Ages,
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An Introduction to English Economic History and Theory, Part II: The End of the Middle Ages,
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585:"Gregory C. G. Moore, "One Hundred Years from Now: W. J. Ashley, The Tariff Problem",
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investigating "the economic prospects of the agricultural industry in Great Britain".
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759:, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, January 2008. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
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An Introduction to English Economic History and Theory, Part I: The Middle Ages
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An Introduction to English Economic History and Theory, Part I: The Middle Ages
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The Progress of the German working classes in the last quarter of the century,
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The Progress of the German Working Class in the Last Quarter of a Century
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291:, Birmingham, and was heavily involved in local affairs, and ultimately
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Crump, Lucy, ed. (1906). "marriage of Margaret Hill and W. J. Ashley".
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In 1901 Ashley left Harvard to take the Chair of Commerce at the
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University of Toronto Archives and Record Management Services
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in 1885. In July 1888 he married Margaret Hill, daughter of
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for his work in 1917. From 1899 to 1920 Ashley was also an
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The Economic Organisation of England: An Outline History,
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The Economic Organisation of England: An Outline History,
25:
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Notice of Knighthood in an edition of the London Gazette
651:"William James Ashley a Pioneer in the Higher Education"
355:. He died on 23 July 1927, and his picture hangs in the
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The Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science
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1907 – "The Present Position of Political Economy",
204:. At Oxford he was influenced by Jowett, Bishop
159:(25 February 1860 – 23 July 1927) was an English
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612:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
444:Ashley wrote a lot of reviews, for instance in
287:During his time at the university, he lived in
772:(London: Yale University Press, 1994), p. 565.
594:. Archived from the original on 19 August 2006
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489:Clapham, J. H. (1927). "Sir William Ashley".
1073:People educated at St Olave's Grammar School
770:Joseph Chamberlain. Entrepreneur in Politics
239:, one of the German scholars in whose hands
208:, and especially by the economic historian,
1063:Academic staff of the University of Toronto
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1043:Academics of the University of Birmingham
753:"Ashley, Sir William James (1860–1927)"
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1058:Members of the Royal Academy of Belgium
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757:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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1078:English historical school of economics
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16:British economic historian (1860-1927)
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866:Life of Sir William Petty 1623 - 1687
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460:historical school of economic history
169:historical school of economic history
925:William James Ashley archival papers
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465:Historiography of the United Kingdom
372:. A book dedicated to the memory of
173:The Economic Organisation of England
863:. In 1895 Ashley wrote a review of
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738:. 18 July 1919. pp. 9131–9132.
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1053:Fellows of Lincoln College, Oxford
555:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1928.tb00767.x
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1048:Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
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634:. London: Edward Arnold. p.
589:, v. 38 (Summer, 2003) pp. 54–55"
440:London: Longmans, Green & Co.
420:London: Longmans, Green & Co.
223:Ashley was appointed Lecturer at
887:Works by or about William Ashley
787:, on line, McMaster University.
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695:At Harvard, he was replaced by
631:Letters of George Birkbeck Hill
861:The American Historical Review
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447:The American Historical Review
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1:
718:. 19 June 1917. p. 6047.
525:William James Ashley: A Life,
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398:Surveys historic and economic
381:The Rehabilitation of Ricardo
802:on line, McMaster University
539:"Memoir: Sir William Ashley"
340:The Economic History Society
306:
7:
1033:British economic historians
987:Thomas Edward Cliffe Leslie
587:History of Economics Review
543:The Economic History Review
453:
10:
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1068:Harvard University faculty
901:Birmingham Business School
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966:English historical school
527:London, P.S. King (1932).
387:Vol. 1, pp. 474–489.
357:National Portrait Gallery
194:St Olave's Grammar School
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133:English historical school
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896:Economic History Society
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258:University of Birmingham
157:Sir William James Ashley
871:Lord Edmond Fitzmaurice
800:(1893); 4th ed., (1906)
413:London, Longmans, Green
406:Westminster, P. J. King
353:Economic History Review
225:Lincoln College, Oxford
198:Balliol College, Oxford
102:Balliol College, Oxford
785:(1888); 4th ed. (1909)
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253:
212:. In 1882, he won the
918:14 March 2007 at the
649:Usher, A. P. (1938).
537:Scott, W. R. (1928).
503:10.1093/ej/37.148.678
385:The Economic Journal,
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251:Birmingham University
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233:University of Toronto
906:19 July 2011 at the
491:The Economic Journal
319:. In his 1903 work,
229:George Birkbeck Hill
171:. His chief work is
165:Gustav von Schmoller
145:Oliver M. W. Sprague
813:The Tariff Problem,
404:The Tariff Problem,
214:Lothian Prize Essay
183:Ashley was born in
964:Economists of the
735:The London Gazette
715:The London Gazette
330:In his 1904 book,
321:The Tariff Problem
313:Joseph Chamberlain
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161:economic historian
42:Sir William Ashley
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857:Reviews by Ashley
697:Edwin Francis Gay
425:Economic Journal,
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730:"No. 31463"
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363:Major works
325:John Morley
90:Nationality
1017:Categories
476:References
218:Karl Knies
185:Bermondsey
83:Canterbury
61:Bermondsey
675:0315-4890
563:0013-0117
307:Influence
289:Edgbaston
129:tradition
916:Archived
904:Archived
608:cite web
454:See also
379:1891 – '
297:examiner
293:knighted
167:and the
141:students
139:Doctoral
889:at the
832:(1914)"
571:2590339
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436:1914 –
430:1912 –
416:1904 –
409:1903 –
402:1903 –
396:1900 –
390:1893 –
368:1888 –
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679:JSTOR
592:(PDF)
567:JSTOR
507:JSTOR
117:Field
844:2017
671:ISSN
614:link
600:2013
559:ISSN
262:Dean
72:Died
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