383:, was printed on high quality paper, and issued quarterly to its subscribers. It was also published for a wider readership in annual volumes. Well-written in crisp, scientific English, it was devoted to the propagation of information about the applications of phrenology (rather than its theories) and to the collection, storage, and dissemination of reports of the therapeutic efficacy of mesmerism (with even less treatment of mesmeric theories than of phrenological theories) – in part, it acted as a disciplinary clearing house for information and the experiences of both amateur and professional practitioners (and their subjects) from all over Great Britain, and its colonies – and it placed great stress on the well-demonstrated usefulness of mesmerism, not only in the alleviation of disease and suffering, but in the provision of pain-free surgery, especially amputations.
425:, followed by abscess"; and that its pain and discomfort were so severe that Engledue "had occasion to take large doses of opium to produce sleep" constantly during April, May and June. By July, he had ceased to need opium and, despite the fact that "he had not thoroughly recovered, and had not the physical strength to encounter what he was called upon to go through", Engledue resumed his medical practice at the beginning of July. He continued to practice up to and until 20 December, when he requested colleagues to take over his work-load.
429:
victims of an uncontrollable suicidal impulse", he had formed the opinion that "the deceased's mental faculties were very much impaired", that "his mind was giving way, and that he was in a very different condition from what he had been in all his life before", and "was fearful of permanent insanity, rather than of any act of ". He also remarked that he had, therefore, come to the conclusion, that
Engledue "was not in that condition which would induce me to recommend that his mother and sister keep a strict watch over him".
296:; and remained its joint editor until publication ceased in 1856. While Elliotson had (possibly) performed the first medical procedure in the U.K. that had been rendered painless (and had been done without the patient being aware of the intervention) by mesmerism (on Elizabeth Okey in 1837), it is almost certain that Engledue performed the first
273:, producing all the cerebral functions of man, yet not localised – not susceptible of proof; the other party contending that the belief in spiritualism fetters and ties down physiological investigation – that man's intellect is prostrated by the domination of metaphysical speculation – that we have no evidence of the existence of an
582:, who had been touring Canada and the United States "lecturing, arguing, and making friends with various Americans", "returned to Europe . He was exhausted by his labours, but in September presided over the third meeting of the General Association of Phrenologists at Glasgow … Phrenologists were now quarrelling among themselves.
340:"…at the request of the three literary Institutions of Portsmouth, to give a course of twelve lectures on Human Physiology … in which he finely expressed the great object of the medical profession, to teach men how to avoid disease, rather than merely to cure it when contracted. The lectures were published
209:
Marked by great energy of character, he was, nevertheless, distinguished by such gentle bearing, that he was the object of the intense affection of his patients – their friend and counsellor in the most difficult and trying circumstances; and he sacrificed his time, when most pressed and worried, to
283:
We rank ourselves with the second party, and conceive that we must cease speaking of "the mind", and discontinue enlisting in our investigations a spiritual essence, the existence of which cannot be proved, but which tends to mystify and perplex a question sufficiently clear if we confine ourselves
172:
by John Porter (1770–1855), (first president of the 'Portsmouth and
Portsea Literary and Philosophical Society') to whom he was originally apprenticed, Engledue took his final exams after only two years study. At Edinburgh, he took prizes for proficiency in surgery, pathology and practice of
159:
A former
President of the British Phrenological Association, Engledue was ostracized by both his medical colleagues – for his dedication to mesmerism and phrenology – and by the majority of phrenologists – for his rejection of their "socio-religious", spiritual position, in favour of a scientific,
440:
is frequently prescribed as a medicinal agent … in case of nausea in the disease under which the deceased was labouring … and medical men frequently have recourse to it"; and, whilst stressing that he had not prescribed this mixture in
Engledue's case, he also remarked that there would have been
428:
At that time, given his diarrhoea and nausea, Sparrow had "persuaded him to lay up, telling him that he was killing himself with work", and, as
Sparrow remarked to the coroner, whilst "persons labouring under the symptoms such as I have described the deceased to have suffered, are sometimes the
225:
Greatly concerned with the conditions of the poor – prior to 1849, "he gave daily advice, gratuitously, in his own house the large class of patients who were too poor to pay, and yet above seeking eleemosynary aid" – he spent much of his time trying to improve the purity of the water supply to
874:
Cerebral
Physiology and Materialism, with the Result of the Application of Animal Magnetism to the Cerebral Organs: An Address delivered to the Phrenological Association in London, June 20, 1842, by W. C. Engledue, M.D.; With a Letter from Dr Elliotson, On Mesmeric Phrenology and
420:
During the coronial inquest into
Engledue's death, conducted on Friday 31 December 1858, his personal physician of eight years standing, Robert Pennington Sparrow, MRCS (England), MRCP (Edinburgh), an ex-Naval surgeon, stated that Engledue's nosocomial infection was
410:
Dr. Engledue had, during the past fortnight, been confined to his residence with symptoms of derangement of the liver and other digestive organs, which had produced great taciturnity, even towards his family and his closest friends, and great depression of
413:
Between seven and eight o’clock on
Thursday morning, his sister, who resided with him, heard him moving about in his own chamber, and upon entering the room found that he had just thrown himself upon his bed, life being then, or soon afterwards,
242:, the controversy of the day, in which he expressed the strong materialist views on phrenology, which were shared by Elliotson – who, incidentally, was the chairman of that particular session – led to Engledue's separation from that association.
1052:
Engledue’s (1835) M.D. graduation record: "Gulielmus C. Engledue, Anglus. What evidence do we have that the
External Senses can be transferred to other parts of the body, as is said to occur in Somnambulism?" ("William C. Engledue, England") –
377:, and the enterprise of "connecting and harmonizing practical science with little understood laws governing the mental structure of man", that was published quarterly, without a break, for fifteen years: from March 1843 until January 1856.
309:(1842) – the published text of his Presidential Address to the British Phrenological Association – Engledue introduced the concept of "cerebration" to designate the operation of the brain: a term that was later revived, in 1855, by
344:
in a
Portsmouth paper, and afford evidences of a most comprehensive mind. Elegant and chastened as literary productions, they afford a copiousness of illustration, and a simplicity of explanation, rarely attained by a scientific
408:, of Gloucester House, Southsea, a physician of considerable eminence, and having a very extensive practice in that neighbourhood, committed suicide on Thursday, December 30th, by swallowing a dose of prussic acid.
260:
superadded to, but not inherent in, the brain – added to it, yet having no necessary connexion with it – producing material changes, yet immaterial – destitute of any of the known properties of matter – in fact an
1090:
441:
nothing remarkable about Engledue self-prescribing its administration. Engledue's local dispensing chemist gave evidence that he had supplied Engledue's written request for "specific quantities of solution of
1011:
Account of a Case of Successful Amputation of the Thigh, During the Mesmeric State, Without the Knowledge of the Patient. Read to the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society of London on Tuesday 22nd November,
453:
of prussic acid" three days earlier. The jury delivered the following verdict: "That the deceased died from the effects of prussic acid, taken with intent to destroy life, while in a state of unsound mind."
216:
If a disease ever puzzled him, he openly avowed it, and waited for further development; but in most cases, his clear perception and perspicuous explanation gave his patients a clear comprehension of their
1119:
203:
Having formed his opinion, he had great energy in acting on it: yet, though highly proficient in surgery, he invariably strove (sometimes it was thought with a doubtful daring) to
246:
To evade the charge of Materialism, said Dr. Engledue , we (Phrenologists) content ourselves with stating that the immaterial makes use of the material to show forth its powers.
391:
Enledue "was a man of considerable eminence in the medical profession … and enjoyed a very extensive practice" in Portsmouth. In a state of deep melancholy consequent upon a
586:
on account of a profession of Dr. Engledue at the London meeting in 1841 that phrenology was based upon materialism. (Stephen (1887), p.429 (emphasis added to original).
948:
Hypnotism and the Doctors, Volume II: The Second Commission; Dupotet And Lafontaine; The English School; Braid's Hypnotism; Statuvolism; Pathetism; Electro-Biology
369:, an influential British journal, devoted to the promotion of the theories and practices (and the collection and dissemination of reports of the applications) of
212:
His sense of professional etiquette, and his care for the interests of his brethren who were less gifted or less prosperous than himself, was delicate and acute.
197:
He combined with a very extensive local general practice, a large share of the consultations both of the county, and also sometimes of the adjoining counties.
324:
In 1858, Engledue delivered a well-received series of twelve lectures on "Human Physiology" on behalf of the three Literary societies of Portsmouth – the
284:
to the consideration of organised matter – its forms – its changes – and its aberrations from normal structure. (
802:
Principles of Mental Physiology: With their Chief Applications to the Psychology, Pathology, Therapeutics, Hygiene, and Forensic Medicine (Fifth Edition)
238:
A phrenologist, one-time President of the British Phrenological Association, his provocative (20 June 1842) presidential address, dealing with issues of
962:
Kurshan, I., "Mind Reading: Literature in the Discourse of Early Victorian Phrenology and Mesmerism", pp. 17–38 in Willis, M. and Wynne, C. (eds),
416:
Dr. Engledue was the younger brother of Capt. J. R. Engledue, Superintendent of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Packet Company’s ships at Southampton.
894:
A Narrative of the Proceedings Relative to the Appointment of the Medical Officers to the Portsmouth, Portsea, and Gosport Hospital (Second Edition)
1166:
1171:
1161:
302:
surgery that had been rendered painless (and had been done without the patient being aware of the intervention) by mesmerism in August 1842.
1092:
Doctor W. C. Engledue, Chairman at the Banquet Held in September 1856 to Welcome Home Other Ranks from the Crimea, Proposing the Royal Toast
239:
1191:
495:
The Harmony of Phrenology with Scripture: Shewn in a Refutation of the Philosophical Errors contained in Mr Combe's "Constitution of Man"
1002:
The British Medical Directory (of Qualified Regular Practitioners of Medicine and Surgery) for England, Scotland, and Wales for 1854
993:
The British Medical Directory (of Qualified Regular Practitioners of Medicine and Surgery) for England, Scotland, and Wales for 1853
349:
The series was immediately followed by a single lecture on "Cerebral Physiology" (N.B., rather than "Phrenology") on 14 April 1858.
473:
What Evidence have we that the External Senses can be Transferred to other parts of the Body, as is said to occur in Somnambulism?
502:
Phrenology Considered in a Religious Light; or, Thoughts and Readings Consequent on the Perusal of "Combe's Constitution of Man"
279:, and that organised matter is all that is requisite to produce the multitudinous manifestations of human and brute cerebration.
190:
135:
131:
401:, acquired whilst hospitalized for surgery on an otherwise unremarkable small tumour, he took his own life in December 1858.
336:– to an enthusiastic audience of more than a thousand on consecutive Monday evenings from 11 January 1858 to 28 March 1858:
168:
Born at Portsea in 1813, the son of John Engledue and Joanna Engledue (née Watson), he was a brilliant student. Sent to the
139:
432:
Sparrow made a point of emphasizing that there was nothing extraordinary about Engledue possessing prussic acid, because "
770:
Anon, "Report of the Proceedings of the Phrenological Association at its Fifth Annual Session, at London, in June 1842",
252:
We have the man of theory and believer in supernaturalism quarrelling with the man of fact and supporter of Materialism.
1156:
611:"Testimony to the reality of the Mesmeric Phenomena in University College Hospital, by Mr. James Mouat, Army Surgeon",
143:
847:
The Cultural Meaning of Popular Science: Phrenology and the Organization of Consent in Nineteenth-Century Britain
784:
Anon, "The Late William Collins Engledue, M.D., Surgeon To The Royal Portsmouth, Portsea, And Gosport Hospital",
313:'s "unconscious cerebration", which Carpenter offered as a more refined development of his earlier concept, the "
1095:: an 1856 painting by Portsmouth artist and photographer Richard Poate (1811–1878) – in the Collection of the
794:
Hampshire Telegraph and Sussex Chronicle, and General Advertiser for Hants, Sussex, Surrey, Dorset, and Wilts.
862:
1176:
698:
Hampshire Telegraph and Sussex Chronicle and General Advertiser for Hants, Sussex, Surrey, Dorset and Wilts
809:
Clarke, J.F., "A Strange Chapter in the History of Medicine", pp.155-169 in [1874], Clarke, J.F.,
598:
An Apology for Atheism: Addressed to Religious Investigators of Every Denomination, by One of its Apostles
1196:
393:
310:
1060:
1028:
808:
1181:
990:
227:
146:(1835) was an English physician, surgeon, apothecary, mesmerist, phrenologist – and, in concert with
367:
The Zoist: A Journal of Cerebral Physiology & Mesmerism, and Their Applications to Human Welfare
492:
Such as that maintained by William Scott, President of the Edinburgh Phrenological Society, in his
160:
materialist, brain-centred position that, in effect, reduced mental operations to physical forces.
214:
One of the great features of his character was his loathing of sham or mystification in any shape.
169:
80:
863:
Engledue, W.C., "Introductory Address to the Phrenological Association, London; June 20, 1842",
1186:
1096:
1076:
1054:
911:
901:
881:
777:
769:
736:
643:
626:
477:
610:
595:
433:
318:
174:
1018:
999:
871:
230:
in 1849; and, at the time of his death, he held the appointment of surgeon to the hospital.
1151:
1146:
442:
314:
1008:
221:
This, perhaps, as much as his great talent, produced the unbounded confidence he acquired.
8:
1021:
List of the Graduates in Medicine in the University of Edinburgh from MDCCV to MDCCCLXVI
945:
902:
Engledue, W.C., "On the conduct of the Medical Times, the Critic, and Mr. Robert Hunt",
783:
285:
969:
Rosen, G., "Mesmerism and Surgery: A Strange Chapter in the History of Anesthesia",
437:
370:
193:, he returned to Portsmouth in the winter of 1835, and started to practice there.
1109:
From 1834 onwards, English titles of inaugural M.D. dissertations were permitted.
852:
799:
500:
493:
292:
Engledue was a strong advocate of mesmerism and, with John Elliotson, co-founded
840:
826:
147:
1140:
935:
173:
physic, practical anatomy, and physiology; and was also the President of the
974:
627:"Cases of mesmeric Clairvoyance and sympathy of Feeling, by Dr. Engledue",
579:
882:
Engledue, W.C., "Cases of Mesmeric Clairvoyance and Sympathy of Feeling",
16:
English physician, surgeon, apothecary, mesmerist, phrenologist and editor
938:
Hypnotism and the Doctors, Volume I: Animal Magnetism: Mesmer/De Puysegur
450:
186:
891:
1069:
422:
398:
374:
94:
37:
979:
Ruth, J., "'Gross Humbug' or 'The Language of Truth'? The Case of the
1127:
360:
152:
98:
90:
60:
41:
446:
201:
He was distinguished by a remarkably acute perception of diagnosis.
115:
56:
1031:
A Biographical Dictionary of Freethinkers of All Ages and Nations
855:
Some Account of Phrenology, its Nature, Principles, and Uses
254:
We have two parties; the one asserting that man possesses a
226:
Portsmouth. He was instrumental in the foundation of the
1118:
The banquet was held on Tuesday, 16 September 1856: see
811:
Autobiographical Recollections of the Medical Profession
1131:, No.22475, (Wednesday, 17 September 1856), p.9, col.B.
1123:, Vol.29, No.1473, (Saturday, 20 September 1856), p.991
1029:"Engledue (William Collins)", pp.122 in Wheeler, J.M.,
1004:, The British Medical Directory Office, (London), 1854.
995:, The British Medical Directory Office, (London), 1853.
796:, No.3091, (Saturday 1 January 1859), p. 5, col.A.
772:
The Phrenological Journal and Magazine of Moral Science
185:
Having spent a year as the anatomical demonstrator for
971:
Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences
957:
Natural and Supernatural: A History of the Paranormal
932:, State University of New York Press, (Albany), 1994.
584:
Two-thirds of the members of the association resigned
718:
Gauld (1992), pp.205-208; Winter (1998), pp.154-155.
434:
bi-carbonate of potash (i.e., potassium bicarbonate)
1041:, The University of Chicago Press, (Chicago), 1998.
365:Engledue and John Elliotson were the co-editors of
560:Engledue (1842); Anon (1842); and Engledue (1843).
1033:, Progressive Publishing Company, (London), 1889.
973:, Vol.1, No.4, (October 1946), pp. 527–550.
959:(Revised Edition), Prism Press, (Bridport), 1992.
831:Cooter, R J., "Phrenology and British Alienists,
817:Cooter, R J., "Phrenology and British Alienists,
1138:
987:, Vol.32, No.4, (Winter 1999), pp. 299–323.
867:, Vol.6, No.146, (2 July 1842), p. 209-214.
849:, Cambridge University Press, (Cambridge), 1984.
839:, Vol.20, No.2, (April 1976), pp. 135–151.
825:, Vol. 20, No.1, (January 1976), pp. 1–21.
1039:Mesmerized: Powers of Mind in Victorian Britain
925:, Cambridge University Press, (Cambridge), 1992
228:Royal Portsmouth, Portsea, and Gosport Hospital
1077:Engledue's entry in the second edition of the
1061:Engledue's entry in the first edition of the
835:.1825-1845, Part II: Doctrine and Practice",
821:.1825-1845, Part I: Converts to a Doctrine",
788:, Vol.1, No.108, (29 January 1859), pp.89-90.
449:, bicarbonate of potash, together with three
210:relieve their personal anxieties and sorrows.
667:, No.1794, (Saturday, 16 January 1858), p.8.
739:The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions
741:, Vol.18, No.8, (1 February 1859), pp.437.
499:; and by Mrs John Pugh (S.D. Pugh) in her
1023:, Neill & Company, (Edinburgh), 1867.
813:, J. & A. Churchill, (London,), 1874.
700:, No.3053 (Saturday, 10 April 1858), p.5.
679:, No.1805, (Saturday, 3 April 1858), p.8.
916:, Vol.9, No.35, (April 1850), pp.316-331
906:, Vol.8, No.29, (April 1850), pp.100-106
1125:; and "Crimean Banquet at Portsmouth",
950:, L.N. Fowler & Co., (London), 1903
940:, L.N. Fowler & Co., (London), 1902
1139:
886:, Vol.2, No.6, (July 1844), pp.269-273
631:, Vol.2, No.6, (July 1844), pp.269-273
615:, Vol.7, No.25, (April 1849), pp.41-44
600:, J. Watson, (London), 1846, pp.45-46.
479:Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal
233:
191:Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
1167:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
1055:University of Edinburgh (1867), p.103
912:Engledue, W.C., "What is Mesmerism",
481:, Vol44, No.125 (October 1835), p.549
438:prussic acid (i.e., hydrogen cyanide)
1172:19th-century English medical doctors
1162:Health professionals from Portsmouth
774:, Vol.15, No.73, (1842), pp.289-343.
1192:19th-century British businesspeople
307:Cerebral Physiology and Materialism
180:
13:
175:Royal Medical Society of Edinburgh
14:
1208:
1046:
804:, John Churchill, (London), 1855.
792:Anon, "Suicide of Dr. Engledue",
317:" (and which he used to describe
130:(1813 – 30 December 1858),
857:, J. Hackman, (Chichester), 1837
1112:
1103:
1014:, H. Baillière, (London), 1842.
776:(Engledue's address appears at
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730:
721:
712:
703:
691:
682:
670:
658:
649:
636:
620:
604:
589:
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207:a limb rather than amputate it.
930:The Theosophical Enlightenment
896:, W. Woodward, (Portsea), 1849
563:
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545:
536:
527:
518:
509:
486:
464:
315:ideo-motor principle of action
189:, Professor of Surgery to the
1:
1009:Topham, W. & Ward, W.S.,
841:doi=10.1017/S0025727300022195
827:doi=10.1017/S0025727300021761
762:
470:His dissertation was titled "
985:Victorian Periodicals Review
966:, Rodopi, (Amsterdam), 2006.
964:Victorian Literary Mesmerism
877:, J. Watson, (London), 1843.
737:"Suicides by Prussic Acid",
457:
352:
163:
7:
786:The British Medical Journal
443:taraxacum (i.e., dandelion)
250:What is the result of this?
10:
1213:
386:
358:
311:William Benjamin Carpenter
1157:British magazine founders
1079:British Medical Directory
1063:British Medical Directory
1019:University of Edinburgh,
975:doi=10.1093/jhmas/1.4.527
753:Hampshire Telegraph, etc.
121:
111:
104:
86:
76:
68:
49:
30:
23:
677:The Hampshire Advertiser
665:The Hampshire Advertiser
267:which in one word means
128:William Collins Engledue
25:William Collins Engledue
644:1855, §.653, pp.608-609
569:Engledue (1842), p.209.
170:University of Edinburgh
81:University of Edinburgh
1097:Portsmouth City Museum
923:A History of Hypnotism
418:
321:"Hypnotism" in 1852).
290:
223:
709:Godwin (1994), p.213.
403:
330:Philosophical Society
244:
195:
515:Cooter (1984), p.94.
436:in combination with
406:DR. WILLIAM ENGLEDUE
394:nosocomial infection
264:immaterial something
148:John Elliotson, M.D.
1177:Suicides in England
234:Cerebral physiology
150:, the co-editor of
138:(Edinburgh, 1835),
134:(Edinburgh, 1835),
1197:Suicides by poison
688:Anon (1859), p.89.
542:Anon (1859), p.89.
533:Anon (1859), p.89.
865:The Medical Times
800:Carpenter, W.B.,
727:Anon (BMJ, 1859).
655:Carpenter (1852).
286:Charles Southwell
125:
124:
106:Scientific career
1204:
1182:Animal magnetism
1132:
1116:
1110:
1107:
892:Engledue, W.C.,
872:Engledue, W.C.,
853:Engledue, W.C.,
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240:phreno-mesmerism
181:Medical practice
142:(London, 1835),
53:30 December 1858
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1027:Wheeler, J.M.,
837:Medical History
823:Medical History
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845:Cooter, R.J.,
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359:Main article:
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15:
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1187:Phrenologists
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305:Also, in his
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1038:
1037:Winter, A.,
1030:
1020:
1010:
1001:
1000:The Lancet,
992:
991:The Lancet,
984:
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963:
956:
955:Inglis, B.,
947:
937:
929:
928:Godwin, J.,
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583:
580:George Combe
574:
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551:Anon (1859).
547:
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524:Anon (1859).
520:
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299:undocumented
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127:
126:
105:
18:
1152:1858 deaths
1147:1813 births
946:Harte, R.,
936:Harte, R.,
921:Gauld, A.,
875:Materialism
751:See: Anon (
642:Carpenter (
187:John Lizars
69:Nationality
1141:Categories
1085:The Lancet
1070:The Lancet
778:pp.291-318
763:References
423:erysipelas
399:erysipelas
375:phrenology
345:lecturer".
342:in extenso
332:, and the
95:Phrenology
38:Portsmouth
1128:The Times
914:The Zoist
904:The Zoist
884:The Zoist
629:The Zoist
613:The Zoist
458:Footnotes
397:, namely
381:The Zoist
371:mesmerism
361:The Zoist
354:The Zoist
294:The Zoist
164:Education
153:The Zoist
99:The Zoist
91:Mesmerism
63:, England
61:Hampshire
44:, England
42:Hampshire
755:, 1859).
451:drachmes
414:extinct.
411:spirits.
326:Athenæum
116:medicine
57:Southsea
1081:(1854).
476:": see
447:gentium
387:Suicide
319:Braid's
288:, 1846)
276:essence
270:nothing
72:British
1087:(1854)
1073:(1853)
1065:(1853)
506:, etc.
504:(1846)
497:(1837)
328:, the
257:spirit
112:Fields
981:Zoist
217:case.
1012:1842
373:and
205:save
140:MRCS
136:MRCS
50:Died
34:1813
31:Born
983:",
144:LSA
1143::
1083:–
1067:–
780:.)
646:).
177:.
156:.
132:MD
97:,
93:,
59:,
40:,
1057:.
952:.
942:.
918:.
908:.
898:.
888:.
859:.
833:c
819:c
633:.
617:.
578:"
483:.
421:"
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