468:(aka Charley) and his sons killed soldiers who had rounded them up for removal, Will Thomas acted as an intermediary between the Qualla Cherokees and the U.S. Army and helped find Tsali's hiding place. After the Cherokees executed Tsali, the Qualla Cherokee were granted the right to remain on their ancestral lands. The state of North Carolina, however, would continue to try and remove them, and Thomas represented the tribe in resisting those efforts. While it was his adopted father, Yonaguska, who planned and prepared the way for the Qualla Cherokees to remain east, Will Thomas worked in support of his adopted father's plan for decades after Yonaguska's death. With his own funds and those provided by the Cherokee, he bought land in North Carolina to be used by the Cherokee. Much of this property is now included in
568:. Although technically the New Echota Treaty should not have applied to them, the Qualla Cherokee were justly apprehensive. While most Cherokee opposed ceding their lands in the Southeast, the men negotiating the New Echota Treaty believed that removal was inevitable, and hoped to make the best deal possible for their people. Will Thomas, already their agent/attorney, worked to secure their safety both on the state level and on the Federal level in Washington, D.C.
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warwhoops" and "hideous yells," according to a Union report, firing occasional shots to improve the effect. The next morning Thomas and about 20 Cherokee entered
Waynesville under a flag of truce to demand the surrender of the garrison. The Union troops did so. On May 9, 1865, however, a Union officer told Thomas that General
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Colonel Thomas and his Legion guarded the mountains surrounding
Waynesville. During the night of May 5, 1865, they built hundreds of campfires to make the Union garrison think that thousands of Cherokee and Confederates were about to attack them. The Cherokee punctuated the nights with "chilling
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In April 1839, Thomas was picked by
Yonaguska as successor Principal Chief of the Qualla Cherokee, this is also recognized officially by the EBCI. However, Salonitah also laid claim as Principal Chief because of his distrust of Thomas, though he never had full support of all the Qualla Cherokee.
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Thomas became a successful merchant and was a lifelong ally of the
Eastern Cherokee. In 1819, Yonaguska had made the prescient decision to separate his group from the authority of the Cherokee Nation. The Qualla Cherokee became "citizenized" (they were under the authority of the state of North
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Thomas's mental condition began to deteriorate. Many historians have speculated about the causes of his insanity, but it is not yet known. He fell hopelessly into debt. Compounding his worries was his responsibilities among and with the
Cherokee, who suffered a devastating
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Thomas married Sarah Jane Burney Love (1832–1877), the daughter of James Robert Love and Maria Coman Love. She was the fourth of their eight children. James Robert Love was the son of Robert Love, known as the founder of
Waynesville, North Carolina.
1071:"[Letter] 1871 Jan. 25, White Sulphur Springs, Waynesville, Haywood Co[unty], N[orth] C[arolina to] John Platt, Waynesville, Haywood Co[unty], N[orth] C[arolina] / William Holland Thomas"
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In about 1820 Felix Walker was forced to close his stores. The story is told that, unable to pay Thomas what he owed him, he gave the youth a set of law books. At the time states did not have bar exams. Men prepared to practice law by
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During the 1840s and 1850s, Thomas worked to gain recognition of the
Cherokee as citizens of North Carolina and continued to purchase land for them in his name. At the time, Cherokee were prohibited from owning land outside the
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In 1819, Yonaguska and other North
Carolina Cherokees made the decision to become "citizenized" residents of North Carolina. They received land reserves of 640 acres (2.6 km) and were no longer part of the
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Carolina, but without the full rights of white citizens). In 1830, Will Thomas became the agent/attorney for the Qualla
Cherokee. As the U.S., under President Andrew Jackson, pushed for full
523:, clerking at his trading post on Soco Creek (in what is now the Qualla Boundary). Thomas worked at Walker's store for three years and lived at the store. He quickly became friends with the
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452:. He was later adopted into the tribe as a whole. In April 1839, a dying Yonaguska picked Thomas as his successor as Principal Chief of the Qualla Cherokee, though this was disputed with
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had surrendered his army one month earlier, and the colonel agreed to lay down his arms. The Civil War was over, and the last shots in North
Carolina were those fired in Waynesville.
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456:(aka Flying Squirrel), who also laid claim as Principal Chief. Officially, Thomas is recognized as the second Principal Chief of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (EBCI).
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769:(2006), in part on William Holland Thomas. In the Author's Note, Frazier says that Will Cooper is not William Holland Thomas, "although they do share some DNA."
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by telling him of Cherokee history and lifeways. Mooney was doing research and field studies on the Cherokee in western North Carolina.
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Thomas opened his own trading post for the Qualla Town Cherokee. Later he opened several other trading posts in Western North Carolina.
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of the Southeast, Will Thomas helped the North Carolina Cherokees resist removal by buying land for them. After a Cherokee man named
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After the war, Thomas went back to Stecoah, where he lived with his wife and three children. In 1866, he received a
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780:(2015), a fictional account of Thomas's life. His novella includes a foreword by Luther Wilson, and a tribute by
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while deployed in the Shenandoah Valley in 1864. By May 1865, the main Confederate armies has surrendered and
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On May 6, 1865, Thomas' Legion fired "The Last Shot" of the Civil War east of the Mississippi River in
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When the Civil War broke out, Thomas organized a Legion of local Cherokees and whites to support the
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429:(February 5, 1805 – May 10, 1893) was an American merchant, lawyer, politician and soldier.
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Storm in the Mountains: Thomas' Confederate Legion of Cherokee Indians and Mountaineers
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and was befriended and later adopted by the chief/headman of the local Cherokees,
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soldiers controlled Waynesville and the rest of Western North Carolina.
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Correspondences of William Holmes Thomas during the American Civil War
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1123:- held in the Walter Havighurst Special Collections, Miami University
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Rebel Chief: The Motley Life of Colonel William Holland Thomas, C.S.A
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Yonaguska's citizenized Cherokees became the core of what is now
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American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law
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Official History for Thomas' Legion of Indians and Highlanders
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1506:, acting principal chief of the Union Cherokee (1864–1866)
1494:, acting principal chief of the Union Cherokee (1862–1863)
1259:(also known as Ogan'sto', "Groundhog Sausage") (1778–1785)
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who frequented the post and learned their language. Chief
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United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians (1939–present)
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Myths of the Cherokee and Sacred Formulas of the Cherokee
701:, after which he hoped to reenter politics and business.
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Trail of Tears: The Rise and Fall of the Cherokee Nation
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Sara Thomas Avery (May 1899). "William Holland Thomas".
806:"William Holland Thomas and the Myth of the White Chief"
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During the Civil War, Thomas served as a colonel in the
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Wil Usdi: Thoughts from the Asylum, a Cherokee Novella
804:
Thomas, Elizabeth Avery; Savage, Kirk (May 19, 2020).
778:
Wil Usdi: Thoughts from the Asylum, a Cherokee Novella
1500:, acting principal chief of the Union Cherokee (1863)
1110:
Guide to the William Holland Thomas Papers, 1814-1898
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based his main character, Will Cooper, in his novel
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Between Two Fires: American Indians in the Civil War
900:
1271:(or "Corntassel," "Tassel," Kaiyatahee) (1783–1788)
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643:Thomas' Legion was defeated at battles such as the
531:adopted Thomas. Thomas was given the Cherokee name
507:. On his father's side he was related to President
137:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3753:People of North Carolina in the American Civil War
622:Thomas' Legion of Cherokee Indians and Highlanders
598:; he was re-elected every two years through 1860.
485:Thomas' Legion of Cherokee Indians and Highlanders
1075:Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842
1054:Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842
1033:Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842
996:. Nashville: Charles and Randy Elder-Booksellers.
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784:, Chief of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians.
499:, two miles (3 km) just outside what is now
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3414:Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory (1839–1907)
3374:Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (1824-present)
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1077:. Museum of the Cherokee Indian, Cherokee, N.C
1995:
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742:Thomas died in the state mental hospital in
719:and committed to a state mental hospital in
472:, the territory of the federally recognized
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519:As a boy, Thomas worked for US Congressman
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3748:People from Haywood County, North Carolina
2002:
1988:
1149:
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963:
246:
854:
852:
850:
848:
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215:Learn how and when to remove this message
197:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1206:, "emperor" of the Cherokees until 1730
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1705:William W. Hastings (January 22, 1936)
1112:, Rubenstein Library, Duke University.
549:
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1983:
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674:'s surrender and the end of the war.
664:White Sulphur Springs, North Carolina
432:He was the son of Temperance Thomas (
135:adding citations to reliable sources
106:
88:move details into the article's body
59:
18:
3016:First Cherokee Female Seminary Site
2111:Cherokee Supplement (Unicode block)
1699:Charles J. Hunt (December 27, 1928)
1577:(1905–1906); also president of the
1571:(1903–1905); deposed by the council
968:. New York: Anchor Books Doubleday.
737:
715:In March 1867, Thomas was declared
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594:In 1848, Thomas was elected to the
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2665:Sequoyah Constitutional Convention
1068:
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1026:
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948:North Carolina University Magazine
608:Cherokee in the American Civil War
14:
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3708:19th-century American legislators
3334:Cherokee Nation West (1810-1839)
3299:Cherokee Nation East (1794-1839)
1288:(or Scolaguta) (served 1788–1794)
1090:
436:Colvard) and Richard Thomas, who
34:This article has multiple issues.
3728:Confederate States Army officers
2489:Cherokee Preservation Foundation
1805:, or Flying Squirrel (1870–1875)
1788:Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
1372:(1824–1828); principal chief of
1097:Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
111:
64:
23:
3469:Cherokee Nation (1975–present)
1898:Olsey Bird Saunooke (1959–1963)
1841:, or Young Squirrel (1903–1907)
1702:Oliver P. Brewer (May 26, 1931)
1596:Cherokee Indians (1939–present)
122:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
3169:Hiwassee River Heritage Center
3096:Chief Vann House Historic Site
3006:Cherokee Removal Memorial Park
1862:Joseph A. Saunooke (1919–1923)
973:Hauptman, Laurence M. (1995).
912:
878:
239:
1:
3743:North Carolina state senators
3733:Deaths in mental institutions
3106:Museum of the Cherokee People
939:
591:, the land base of the EBCI.
490:
462:removal of the Native peoples
365:Confederate States of America
3738:Eastern Band Cherokee people
3194:Five Civilized Tribes Museum
3071:Red Clay State Historic Park
2683:Cherokee Towns (pre-Removal)
2009:
1970:Michell Hicks (2023–present)
1479:Indian Territory (1839–1907)
1388:head of government from 1813
1056:. Digital Library of Georgia
1035:. Digital Library of Georgia
859:McKinney, Gordon B. (1996).
666:. After his legion captured
601:
559:Negotiating for the Cherokee
7:
3678:Cherokee-language Knowledge
3498:Chadwick "Corntassel" Smith
2519:Cherokee Southwest Township
2504:Keetoowah Nighthawk Society
2436:Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)
2353:1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles
2172:Flag of the Cherokee Nation
1579:Keetoowah Nighthawk Society
1529:William P. Ross (1872–1875)
1169:Early decentralized leaders
1029:"[Diary] 1840-1842"
959:. Cherokee: Cherokee Pubns.
923:. Univ. of Oklahoma Press.
596:North Carolina State Senate
501:Waynesville, North Carolina
442:Waynesville, North Carolina
10:
3769:
2639:Cherokee Nation v. Leavitt
2614:Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
2524:Oconaluftee Indian Village
2499:Original Keetoowah Society
1298:Chickamauga/Lower Cherokee
1005:. Tom Doherty Associates.
919:Conley, Robert J. (2015).
888:. Eastern Band of Cherokee
605:
577:federally recognized tribe
3673:
3212:
3051:Trail of Tears State Park
3001:Cherokee National Capitol
2991:
2673:
2578:
2476:
2407:Jackson and McMinn Treaty
2382:Treaty of Dewitt's Corner
2236:
2180:
2116:Cherokee Immersion School
2043:
2017:
1901:Jarret Blythe (1963–1967)
1895:Jarret Blythe (1955–1959)
1787:
1724:
1686:
1675:
1593:
1526:Lewis Downing (1867–1872)
1476:
1415:
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1297:
1212:(also known as Ama-edohi)
1168:
1102:January 19, 2012, at the
1069:Thomas, William Holland.
1048:Thomas, William Holland.
1027:Thomas, William Holland.
1001:Thomsen, Paul A. (2004).
744:Morganton, North Carolina
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289:Morganton, North Carolina
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231:
3184:Fort Smith Historic Site
2952:Western Cherokee Nation
2551:Cherokee Central Schools
2336:Battle of Lindley's Fort
2106:Cherokee (Unicode block)
1678:Oklahoma/Cherokee Nation
1594:United Keetoowah Band of
861:"William Holland Thomas"
787:
474:Eastern Band of Cherokee
146:"William Holland Thomas"
3543:Tahlonteeskee (warrior)
3529:Other notable Cherokee
2463:Jacob Brown Grant Deeds
1756:Chad "Corntassel" Smith
732:Smithsonian Institution
645:Battle of Fisher's Hill
481:Confederate States Army
438:died before he was born
377:Confederate States Army
3463:William Charles Rogers
3383:William Holland Thomas
3159:The Great Trading Path
2326:Cherokee–American wars
1620:Jim Pickup (1960–1967)
1584:William Charles Rogers
992:Mooney, James (1982).
977:. Simon and Schuster.
634:Western North Carolina
427:William Holland Thomas
233:William Holland Thomas
3723:Cherokee Confederates
3189:Port Royal State Park
2414:Transylvania Purchase
2387:Treaty of Hard Labour
2309:Siege of Fort Loudoun
2035:United Keetoowah Band
1325:served from 1802–1807
955:Crow, Vernon (1982).
776:(Cherokee) published
649:Battle of Cedar Creek
620:, they comprised the
383:Years of service
300:Green Hill Cemetery,
268:Near Mount Prospect,
3453:Samuel Houston Mayes
2630:The Cherokee Tobacco
2622:Worcester v. Georgia
2606:freedmen controversy
2566:Sequoyah High School
2556:Cherokee High School
2419:Chickamauga Cherokee
2377:Treaty of Turkeytown
2367:Treaty of New Echota
2343:Nickajack Expedition
2321:Cherokee War of 1776
1815:Nimrod Jarrett Smith
1557:Samuel Houston Mayes
1416:Cherokee Nation West
1343:Cherokee Nation East
1265:of Chota (1781–1783)
131:improve this article
3061:Rattlesnake Springs
2646:Cherokee Commission
2331:Battle of Hightower
2218:Kâ'lanû Ahkyeli'skï
2121:New Kituwah Academy
2086:Green Corn Ceremony
1923:Robert S. Youngdeer
1890:Osley Bird Saunooke
1253:(ca. 1703–ca. 1780)
964:Ehle, John (1997).
550:Marriage and family
515:Adopted by Cherokee
495:Thomas was born on
16:American politician
3253:Outacite of Keowee
3164:The Great War Path
3139:Oconaluftee valley
3124:Stick Ball Grounds
3046:Tellico Blockhouse
2451:Indian Removal Act
2397:Treaty of Hopewell
2392:Treaty of Lochaber
2348:American Civil War
2304:Anglo-Cherokee War
2188:Ani Hyuntikwalaski
1929:Jonathan L. Taylor
1851:Joseph A. Saunooke
1827:Andy Standing Deer
1821:Stillwell Saunooke
1676:Cherokee Nation of
1477:Cherokee Nation in
1106:, official website
756:Fictional accounts
505:Culpeper, Virginia
415:American Civil War
3713:American adoptees
3685:
3684:
3638:Clement V. Rogers
3508:Chuck Hoskin, Jr.
3458:Thomas Buffington
3223:Moytoy of Tellico
3144:Oconaluftee River
3076:Hair Conrad Cabin
3011:Chieftains Museum
2562:Sequoyah Schools
2424:Overhill Cherokee
2402:Treaty of Holston
2372:Treaty of Tellico
2362:Cherokee treaties
2133:Spiritual beliefs
1977:
1976:
1872:John A. Tahquette
1783:
1782:
1762:S. Joe Crittenden
1694:William C. Rogers
1575:Frank J. Boudinot
1563:Thomas Buffington
1210:Moytoy of Tellico
1012:978-1-4668-0644-3
984:978-0-684-82668-4
810:Tangled Histories
638:Shenandoah Valley
424:
423:
225:
224:
217:
207:
206:
199:
181:
105:
104:
84:length guidelines
57:
3760:
3608:Markwayne Mullin
3438:Dennis Bushyhead
3318:Charles R. Hicks
3243:Moytoy of Citico
3134:Tuckasegee River
3056:Brainerd Mission
3041:Sequoyah's Cabin
2948:Cherokee Nations
2586:Principal Chiefs
2579:Politics and law
2530:Unto These Hills
2494:Warriors Society
2456:Cherokee descent
2430:Cherokee Phoenix
2314:Battle of Echoee
2297:Battle of Taliwa
2276:skiagusta (rank)
2203:Moon-eyed people
2138:Moon-eyed people
2056:National holiday
2004:
1997:
1990:
1981:
1980:
1845:John Goins Welch
1839:Bird Saloloneeta
1774:Chuck Hoskin Jr.
1684:
1683:
1660:George Wickliffe
1539:Dennis Bushyhead
1533:Charles Thompson
1517:John Ross (1866)
1382:Charles R. Hicks
1251:Otacity Ostenaco
1234:Moytoy of Citico
1218:(1708/1711–1780)
1158:Principal Chiefs
1151:
1144:
1137:
1128:
1127:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1044:
1042:
1040:
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997:
988:
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933:
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916:
910:
904:
898:
897:
895:
893:
882:
876:
875:
873:
871:
856:
821:
820:
818:
816:
801:
774:Robert J. Conley
749:Unto These Hills
738:Death and legacy
686:Postbellum years
626:Confederate Army
585:Indian Territory
372:
356:Military service
304:, North Carolina
284:
265:February 5, 1805
264:
262:
250:
229:
228:
220:
213:
202:
195:
191:
188:
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139:
115:
107:
100:
97:
91:
82:Please read the
68:
67:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
3768:
3767:
3763:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3757:
3688:
3687:
3686:
3681:
3669:
3658:Kimberly Teehee
3518:James L. Gordon
3503:Bill John Baker
3488:Wilma Mankiller
3428:William P. Ross
3403:Patrick Lambert
3248:Standing Turkey
3208:
3154:Sycamore Shoals
3129:Cullasaja River
3081:Nancy Ward Tomb
3031:John Ross House
2993:
2987:
2981:Qualla Boundary
2956:Cherokee Nation
2758:Hiwassee Island
2688:Amoyeligunahita
2675:
2669:
2574:
2541:Female Seminary
2514:Heritage groups
2484:Heritage Center
2472:
2468:Texas Cherokees
2281:outacite (rank)
2232:
2176:
2039:
2025:Cherokee Nation
2013:
2008:
1978:
1973:
1959:Patrick Lambert
1789:
1779:
1768:Bill John Baker
1744:Wilma Mankiller
1720:
1679:
1677:
1671:
1630:James L. Gordon
1595:
1589:
1521:William P. Ross
1478:
1472:
1417:
1411:
1344:
1338:
1299:
1293:
1246:Standing Turkey
1170:
1164:
1155:
1104:Wayback Machine
1093:
1080:
1078:
1059:
1057:
1038:
1036:
1023:
1021:Further reading
1013:
985:
942:
937:
936:
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889:
884:
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879:
869:
867:
857:
824:
814:
812:
802:
795:
790:
761:Charles Frazier
758:
740:
712:after the war.
688:
610:
604:
589:Qualla Boundary
566:Cherokee Nation
561:
552:
541:reading the law
535:(Little Will).
517:
493:
470:Qualla Boundary
339:
292:
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95:
92:
81:
78:may be too long
73:This article's
69:
65:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3766:
3756:
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3745:
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3683:
3682:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3653:Hastings Shade
3650:
3648:Durbin Feeling
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3628:Jenny McIntosh
3625:
3620:
3615:
3613:Yvette Herrell
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3593:Nunnahitsunega
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3563:Elias Boudinot
3560:
3555:
3550:
3548:Turtle-at-Home
3545:
3540:
3535:
3527:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3512:
3511:
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3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
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3466:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3448:Johnson Harris
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3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3278:Dragging Canoe
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3228:Attakullakulla
3225:
3219:Early leaders
3216:
3214:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3091:Bussell Island
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3036:Ross's Landing
3033:
3028:
3023:
3021:Judaculla Rock
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2997:
2995:
2994:memorial sites
2989:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2978:
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2958:
2950:
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2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2861:Spike Bucktown
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
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2710:
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2690:
2679:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2651:Cherokee Strip
2643:
2635:
2626:
2618:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2593:
2588:
2582:
2580:
2576:
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2573:
2572:
2571:
2570:
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2558:
2548:
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2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2446:Trail of Tears
2438:
2433:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
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2339:
2338:
2333:
2323:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2288:
2286:Raven of Chota
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2198:Horned Serpent
2195:
2190:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2130:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
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2058:
2053:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2007:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1984:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1950:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1926:
1920:
1914:
1908:
1905:Walter Jackson
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1869:
1863:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1812:
1809:Lloyd R. Welch
1806:
1800:
1793:
1791:
1790:(1824–present)
1785:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1776:(2019–present)
1771:
1765:
1764:(acting, 2011)
1759:
1753:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1728:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1690:
1688:
1681:
1680:(1907–present)
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1668:(2016–present)
1663:
1657:
1654:Dallas Proctor
1651:
1645:
1639:
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1627:
1621:
1618:
1612:
1606:
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1591:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1581:
1572:
1569:William Rogers
1566:
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1548:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1518:
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1509:
1508:
1507:
1501:
1498:Smith Christie
1495:
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1480:
1474:
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1471:
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1361:
1355:
1348:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1326:
1316:
1310:
1307:Dragging Canoe
1303:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1277:
1275:Raven of Chota
1272:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1243:
1237:
1231:
1225:
1219:
1216:Attakullakulla
1213:
1207:
1201:
1191:
1184:Charitey Hagey
1181:
1174:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1139:
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1125:
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1107:
1092:
1091:External links
1089:
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786:
766:Thirteen Moons
757:
754:
739:
736:
699:Andrew Johnson
687:
684:
630:East Tennessee
603:
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560:
557:
551:
548:
516:
513:
509:Zachary Taylor
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489:
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405:Thomas' Legion
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285:(aged 88)
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270:North Carolina
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3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3643:Redbird Smith
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3633:Sam Sixkiller
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
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3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3443:Joel B. Mayes
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3418:Lewis Downing
3416:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3408:Richard Sneed
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3393:Gerard Parker
3391:
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3359:
3356:
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3349:
3348:Tahlonteeskee
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3323:William Hicks
3321:
3319:
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3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3273:Little Turkey
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
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3249:
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3244:
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3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
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3217:
3215:
3211:
3205:
3204:Cherokee Path
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
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3034:
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3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2992:Landmarks and
2990:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2972:Eastern Band
2971:
2967:
2966:Tahlonteeskee
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2936:Running Water
2934:
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2929:
2927:
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2922:
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2577:
2567:
2564:
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2557:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2546:Male Seminary
2544:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
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2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
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2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:Organizations
2475:
2469:
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1543:
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1514:, (1862–1866)
1513:
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1504:Lewis Downing
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1437:Tahlonteeskee
1435:
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1404:William Hicks
1402:
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1392:William Hicks
1390:
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1321:, brother of
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1280:Little Turkey
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1050:"Diary, 1842"
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909:, p. 25.
908:
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870:September 30,
866:
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785:
783:
782:Michell Hicks
779:
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681:
680:Robert E. Lee
675:
673:
672:Robert E. Lee
669:
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297:Resting place
295:
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190:
187:February 2013
179:
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158:
155:
151:
148: –
147:
143:
142:Find sources:
136:
132:
126:
125:
120:This article
118:
114:
109:
108:
99:
96:February 2023
89:
85:
79:
77:
71:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
3675:
3663:Shawna Baker
3598:Ned Christie
3523:John W. Hair
3483:Ross Swimmer
3478:W. W. Keeler
3382:
3233:Amouskositte
3179:Tuckaleechee
3149:Abrams Creek
3111:Untokiasdiyi
3086:Blythe Ferry
2637:
2628:
2620:
2612:
2528:
2428:
2293:Tribal Wars
2167:Booger dance
2030:Eastern Band
1857:David Blythe
1738:Ross Swimmer
1732:W. W. Keeler
1715:W. W. Keeler
1603:John Hitcher
1551:C. J. Harris
1488:(1839–1862)
1400:(1828–1839)
1385:
1366:(1811–1827)
1222:Amouskositte
1204:Wrosetasetow
1194:Long Warrior
1081:February 21,
1079:. Retrieved
1074:
1060:February 21,
1058:. Retrieved
1053:
1039:February 21,
1037:. Retrieved
1032:
1002:
993:
974:
965:
956:
947:
920:
914:
907:Thomsen 2004
902:
890:. Retrieved
886:"Government"
880:
868:. Retrieved
864:
813:. Retrieved
809:
777:
771:
764:
759:
747:
741:
728:James Mooney
714:
703:
689:
676:
657:
642:
611:
593:
581:
573:Eastern Band
570:
562:
553:
545:
537:
532:
521:Felix Walker
518:
494:
478:
458:
433:
431:
426:
425:
411:Battles/wars
283:(1893-05-10)
281:May 10, 1893
226:
211:
193:
184:
174:
167:
160:
153:
141:
129:Please help
124:verification
121:
93:
76:lead section
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
3703:1893 deaths
3698:1805 births
3623:Major Ridge
3603:John Martin
3583:Joseph Vann
3473:J. B. Milam
3398:Joyce Dugan
3368:John Rogers
3363:John Looney
3358:Sam Houston
3288:Incalatanga
3101:Mantle Rock
3026:Long Island
2763:Island town
2601:1842 revolt
2509:Youth Choir
2208:Nun'Yunu'Wi
2162:Stomp dance
2150:Black drink
2145:Ethnobotany
1967:(2017–2023)
1961:(2015–2017)
1955:(2003–2015)
1949:(1999–2003)
1943:(1995–1999)
1941:Joyce Dugan
1931:(1987–1995)
1925:(1983–1987)
1919:(1973–1983)
1913:(1971–1973)
1911:Noah Powell
1907:(1967–1971)
1892:(1951–1955)
1886:(1947–1951)
1880:(1931–1947)
1874:(1927–1931)
1868:(1923–1927)
1866:Sampson Owl
1859:(1915–1919)
1853:(1911–1915)
1847:(1907–1911)
1835:(1899–1903)
1829:(1895–1899)
1823:(1891–1895)
1817:(1880–1891)
1811:(1875–1880)
1799:(1824–1839)
1770:(2011–2019)
1758:(1999–2011)
1752:(1995–1999)
1746:(1985–1995)
1740:(1975–1985)
1734:(1971–1975)
1717:(1949–1971)
1711:(1941–1949)
1696:(1907-1917)
1662:(2005–2016)
1656:(2000–2004)
1650:(1996–2000)
1644:(1991–1995)
1638:(1983–1991)
1632:(1979–1983)
1626:(1967–1979)
1617:(1954–1960)
1615:Jeff Tindle
1611:(1946–1954)
1605:(1939–1946)
1565:(1899–1903)
1559:(1895–1899)
1553:(1891–1895)
1547:(1887–1891)
1541:(1879–1887)
1535:(1875–1879)
1523:(1866–1867)
1512:Stand Watie
1492:Thomas Pegg
1469:(1839–1840)
1467:John Rogers
1461:John Looney
1451:(1838–1839)
1449:John Looney
1445:(1819–1838)
1439:(1817–1819)
1433:(1813–1817)
1427:(1810–1813)
1418:(1810–1839)
1406:(1833–1835)
1394:(1827–1828)
1360:(1801–1811)
1354:(1794–1801)
1345:(1794–1839)
1335:(1807–1809)
1315:(1792–1802)
1309:(1777–1792)
1300:(1777–1809)
1286:Hanging Maw
1284:opposed by
1236:(1759–1761)
1230:(1753–1756)
1224:(1741–1753)
1200:(1729–1730)
1190:(1716–1721)
725:ethnologist
668:Waynesville
618:Scots-Irish
614:Confederacy
323:Occupations
309:Nationality
302:Waynesville
3692:Categories
3676:See also:
3578:David Vann
3573:James Vann
3568:Wauhatchie
3558:Goingsnake
3533:Nancy Ward
3353:John Jolly
3308:Pathkiller
3268:Old Tassel
3258:Oconostota
2926:Turtletown
2921:Turkeytown
2911:Tuckasegee
2846:Oostanaula
2793:Long Swamp
2788:Kulsetsiyi
2537:Education
2271:Ani-kutani
2228:Tsul 'Kalu
2193:Deer Woman
1947:Leon Jones
1833:Jesse Reed
1709:J.B. Milam
1648:Jim Henson
1609:Jim Pickup
1455:John Brown
1443:John Jolly
1376:'s faction
1364:Pathkiller
1333:Ta'gwadihi
1323:Old Tassel
1319:Doublehead
1313:John Watts
1269:Old Tassel
1257:Oconostota
1171:(pre-1794)
940:References
892:August 17,
606:See also:
491:Background
361:Allegiance
347:Sarah Love
335:Politician
261:1805-02-05
157:newspapers
39:improve it
3588:Bob Benge
3553:Junaluska
3388:Tsaladihi
3378:Yonaguska
3328:John Ross
3313:Big Tiger
3293:Tagwadihi
3283:Kunokeski
3263:Savanukah
3199:Tlanusiyi
3066:Fort Cass
2961:Tahlequah
2941:Titsohili
2906:Tsatanugi
2821:Nickajack
2808:Nantahala
2803:Nacoochee
2733:Dirt town
2713:Conasauga
2703:Chilhowee
2693:Brasstown
2674:Towns and
2656:in Kansas
2591:Blood Law
2223:U'tlun'ta
2101:syllabary
1803:Salonitah
1797:Yonaguska
1687:Appointed
1666:Joe Bunch
1642:John Ross
1636:John Hair
1486:John Ross
1398:John Ross
1374:Whitepath
1370:Big Tiger
1358:Black Fox
1329:The Glass
1263:Savanukah
1242:(d. 1761)
1180:(d. 1729)
929:935612243
696:President
660:an action
602:Civil War
533:Will-usdi
529:Yonaguska
483:. He led
454:Salonitah
450:Yonaguska
386:1861–1865
86:and help
45:talk page
3493:Joe Byrd
3433:Utselata
3423:Degataga
3343:Degadoga
3338:The Bowl
3116:Standing
2976:Cherokee
2931:Tuskegee
2891:Tomotley
2886:Tomassee
2851:Red Clay
2798:Mialoquo
2753:Hiwassee
2748:Frogtown
2738:Ducktown
2728:Crowtown
2676:villages
2261:Treaties
2254:military
2249:timeline
2213:Nûñnë'hï
2091:Language
2061:Calendar
2011:Cherokee
1750:Joe Byrd
1431:Degadoga
1425:The Bowl
1386:de facto
1384:(1827),
1240:Uka Ulah
1178:Outacite
1162:Cherokee
1100:Archived
710:epidemic
707:smallpox
647:and the
525:Cherokee
446:Cherokee
401:Commands
371:Service/
330:Attorney
317:Cherokee
313:American
240:Wil-Usdi
3618:Sequoya
3238:Old Hop
3174:Chatata
2916:Tugaloo
2901:Toxoway
2881:Tellico
2871:Talulah
2856:Settico
2831:Nununyi
2826:Nikwasi
2768:Isunigu
2723:Coyotee
2698:Chatuga
2596:Slavery
2441:Removal
2244:History
2237:History
2181:Legends
2155:Kanuchi
2128:Marbles
2096:history
2051:Society
2044:Culture
1725:Elected
1228:Old Hop
1188:Tugaloo
1160:of the
865:NCPedia
815:May 19,
772:Writer
730:of the
721:Raleigh
395:Colonel
171:scholar
3213:People
2876:Tanasi
2866:Talisi
2841:Oconee
2816:Echota
2783:Kituwa
2778:Keowee
2743:Etowah
2642:(2005)
2634:(1871)
2625:(1832)
2617:(1831)
2266:Kituwa
2081:Ghigau
2076:Gadugi
2071:Chiefs
2018:Tribes
1937:(1995)
1586:(1906)
1463:(1839)
1457:(1839)
1198:Tanasi
1009:
981:
927:
717:insane
692:pardon
373:branch
344:Spouse
291:, U.S.
272:, U.S.
173:
166:
159:
152:
144:
3538:Tsali
3303:Enola
3119:Stone
2896:Toqua
2836:Ocoee
2773:Joara
2718:Cowee
2708:Chota
2290:Wars
2066:Clans
1331:, or
788:Notes
694:from
653:Union
466:Tsali
178:JSTOR
164:books
2632:case
1083:2018
1062:2018
1041:2018
1007:ISBN
979:ISBN
925:OCLC
894:2024
872:2019
817:2021
632:and
575:, a
391:Rank
278:Died
255:Born
150:news
2813:New
1196:of
1186:of
662:at
434:née
133:by
3694::
1073:.
1052:.
1031:.
863:.
825:^
808:.
796:^
752:.
640:.
579:.
487:.
476:.
315:,
48:.
2003:e
1996:t
1989:v
1150:e
1143:t
1136:v
1085:.
1064:.
1043:.
1015:.
987:.
950:.
931:.
896:.
874:.
819:.
263:)
259:(
218:)
212:(
200:)
194:(
189:)
185:(
175:·
168:·
161:·
154:·
127:.
98:)
94:(
90:.
80:.
55:)
51:(
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