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20 MW of wind was not sufficient to provide such examples in each state, and that 100 MW of installed capacity more accurately provided clear examples of how these projects could be successfully implemented. As increasing amounts of wind capacity were installed, new challenges, including general public acceptance, transmission constraints, and grid stability emerged, so WPA added a new threshold: 1,000 MW of wind power capacity installed in a state.
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agriculture cooperatives and extensions, chambers of commerce, schools, and county governments to provide knowledge about the economic development potential of the wind energy sector. WPA also sends representatives to rural areas in the United States to facilitate or participate in workshops and events to disseminate accurate wind energy information to communities.
34:(DOE) that seeks to increase the use of wind energy throughout the United States. WPA collaborates with key state and regional stakeholders, including farmers, ranchers, Native Americans, rural electric cooperatives, consumer-owned utilities, and schools to break down barriers associated with wind energy development.
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incorporate wind energy topics, including math and engineering, into the curriculum. Supported by local businesses and utilities, small wind turbines at rural schools also introduce the concept of energy and the need for national strategic thinking on energy issues to the communities that participate in the program.
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WPA assists the Bureau of Land
Management, the U.S. Coast Guard, Army National Guard, and other entities in evaluating wind energy development on public lands. The program also provides outreach and educational services and supports federal and state mandates for the expanded use of clean, renewable
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about the economic impact of wind farms in rural communities. The studies provide insight into the type of information that is gathered in undertaking an economic impact study, what kind of information is most helpful in promoting wind energy development in rural communities, and the limitations on
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To help states and Native
American communities understand their wind resources, WPA created an anemometer loan program. Participants borrow anemometers and installation equipment to measure wind resources. Anemometer data can be used to help businesses, developers, farmers, ranchers, and homeowners
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Wind for
Schools establishes Wind Application Centers at universities in target states that support the development of wind energy classes and degree programs. The program provides opportunities for university students to install small wind turbines at elementary and secondary schools. Host schools
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This model assumed that supporting the development of an initial 20 MW of wind power capacity in a state would allow project developers and communities to work through permitting and implementation issues, providing an example for similar projects. Over time it was determined that implementing only
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is an education and outreach effort that recruits and provides training for wind technicians, engineers, scientists, and other workers who will meet the growing needs of the wind industry. WPA engages universities, rural schools, and communities in wind energy education through the installation of
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WPA has also conducted extensive activities to address workforce development, including producing a wind workforce roadmap, conducting technology-specific training, supporting the identification of job classification to aid the wind industry, and developing wind energy curricula at all academic
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As wind energy technology grows, WPA expects to employ a more regional focus by supporting regional organizations that will assist state organizations. Expanding the regional focus is expected to improve integration with local private and public stakeholders and strengthen collaboration between
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Wind technologies can be used in many applications, including land-based and offshore utility-scale wind farms, community-scale projects, and distributed applications for homes and businesses. WPA provides information on wind energy issues to stakeholders in each of these sectors. WPA produces
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Throughout its history, WPA has focused on states with strong potential for wind energy generation but with few operational projects. WPA provides fair and unbiased information about the challenges, benefits, and impacts of wind technology implementation. This information allows policymakers,
37:
Throughout its history, WPA has focused on states with strong potential for wind energy generation but with few operational projects. WPA provides fair and unbiased information about the challenges, benefits, and impacts of wind technology implementation. This information allows policymakers,
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Farmers, ranchers, and others in the agricultural community are looking to wind energy as a way to stabilize income and provide an additional cash crop. In addition to farmers and ranchers, WPA works with rural community leaders such as banks, economic development organizations, businesses,
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There are more than 700 Native
American tribes and Native Alaskan villages and corporations. WPA supports the development of wind resources on native lands by providing a wide range of technical assistance and outreach activities. In addition to the anemometer loan program, WPA provides
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Conceived as a national public-private partnership, WPA’s methodology was to work with organizations, typically state-based Wind
Working Groups, and other stakeholders to provide information and direct technical assistance to support the responsible implementation of wind technologies.
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In 2000, WPA helped establish the program’s first official Wind
Working Group in North Dakota. Group members include landowners and agricultural sector representatives, utilities and regulators, colleges and universities, advocacy groups, and state and local officials. WPA supports
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with primary strategic and implementation support by the
National Renewable Energy Laboratory and DOE’s Golden Field Office staff. Work is also supported by state energy offices, energy industry participants, universities, and non-government organizations.
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According to the
American Wind Energy Association, 14 states have more than 1,000 MW of wind energy installed capacity and 30 states have more than 20 MW installed. At the end of 2009, wind energy technology supplied about 2.5% of the nation’s energy.
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Established in 2006 using
Colorado as the pilot state, Wind for Schools now has 11 states working toward educating future generations about wind energy. WPA also supports states or schools interested in implementing similar projects through a defined
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determine wind potential in selected areas. Each anemometer collects wind speed data in 10-minute intervals. The data aid wind farm developers in determining whether an area is suitable for developing a large-scale installation.
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WPA encourages further wind energy growth by working with national, regional, and state partners in communicating the benefits of wind energy to communities and industry stakeholders. WPA now works to achieve DOE’s
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pre-feasibility studies and wind energy training through the DOE-supported Wind Energy
Applications and Training Symposium (WEATS). WPA’s Native American program is becoming part of DOE’s Tribal Energy Program.
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by providing group members with information on the current state of wind technology, wind resources, economic development impacts, and policy options. There are 34 Wind Working Groups in the United States.
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to provide a Web-based, comprehensive source for up-to-date information on a wide range of wind energy development issues in the northeastern United States. The New England Wind Forum and the
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In 2004, WPA helped develop the Jobs and Economic Development Impacts (JEDI) model to analyze the costs and benefits of new wind energy projects. WPA also published
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by focusing on the following areas for large land-based and offshore wind technologies, community-scale wind projects, and small and distributed wind applications:
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As wind power provides an increasing percentage of America’s energy requirements, a key challenge is the need for talented workers to support the industry. WPA’s
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INDIAN ENTITIES RECOGNIZED AND ELIGIBLE TO RECEIVE SERVICES FROM THE UNITED STATES BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS: Federal Register, Volume 75, Number 190
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Engage K-12 teachers and students in wind energy, sparking the interest of the next generation to enter science, engineering, and energy fields.
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The WPA website provides multiple resources pertaining to wind energy development in the United States, including wind maps, the JEDI model,
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Establish state Wind Application Centers to provide technical support and information on the appropriate application of wind technologies.
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organizations, and citizens to make educated and informed decisions about wind energy implementation in their communities.
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organizations, and citizens to make educated and informed decisions about wind energy implementation in their communities.
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will soon follow. These products support understanding of wind energy potential at the local, state, and national levels.
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278:, wind energy videos, podcasts and audio files, publications, news, wind-related events, and past events involving WPA.
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Double the number of states with more than 20 MW of wind capacity to 16 by 2005 and triple that number to 24 by 2010;
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Educate college students in wind energy applications, which will equip engineers for the growing U.S. wind industry.
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Introduce wind energy to rural communities, initiating a discussion of wind energy’s benefits and challenges.
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states addressing common wind energy development issues while reducing the overall need for federal funding.
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Wind for Schools: Developing Education Programs to Train the Next Generation of the Wind Energy Workforce
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are pilots for developing expanded regionally based information support for other areas of the country.
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Meet 5% of the nation's energy needs with wind energy by 2020 (i.e., 80,000 megawatts installed);
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WPA supports a collaborative effort between the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and
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and 100 meters were recently completed, and a 30-meter map focusing on small and
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Wind Powering America: Goals, Approach, Perspectives, and Prospects; Preprint.
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Baring-Gould, I.; Flowers, L.; Kelly, M.; Barnett, L.; Miles, J. (2009).
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Increase wind's contribution to federal electricity use to 5% by 2010.
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collecting data for the studies. The studies are available on WPA’s
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245:. New wind energy resource maps with potential estimates at
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Tennessee Valley and Eastern Kentucky Wind Working Group
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U.S. Department of Energy's Wind and Water Power Program
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application-specific information, including a series of
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155:at K-12 schools. The project has four objectives:
1098:Jobs and Economic Development Impacts (JEDI) model
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1108:U.S. Department of Energy's Tribal Energy Program
1067:Wind Powering America: Wind Power on Public Lands
993:American Wind Energy Association's U.S. Projects
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48:Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
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1019:Wind Powering America: State Wind Activities
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980:Flowers, L. T.; Dougherty, P. J. (2002).
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1238:1999 establishments in the United States
1034:. 11 pp.; NREL Report No. CP-500-45473.
311:List of wind farms in the United States
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50:(EERE), WPA’s original goals were to:
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306:Renewable energy in the United States
232:
1093:National Renewable Energy Laboratory
1046:dated October 1, 2010 (75 FR 60810).
1007:2009 Wind Technologies Market Report
984:7 pp.; NREL Report No. CP-500-32097.
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1056:Alaska Native Regional Corporations
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288:DOE’s Wind and Water Power Program
203:Economic and workforce development
32:United States Department of Energy
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257:Wind technology technical support
243:map of U.S. wind energy potential
1168:Massachusetts Wind Working Group
1103:American Wind Energy Association
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368:United States Wind Energy Policy
358:American Wind Energy Association
286:WPA is managed and supported by
93:20% wind energy by 2030 scenario
1243:Wind power in the United States
1213:South Dakota Wind Working Group
1208:Pennsylvania Wind Working Group
347:Wind power in the United States
301:Wind power in the United States
223:
133:Rural and agricultural outreach
117:In 2005, WPA helped launch the
1128:Connecticut Wind Working Group
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1024:
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987:
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776:Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind
266:and other outreach materials.
123:Great Lakes Wind Collaborative
1:
1188:New Jersey Wind Working Group
1021:. Accessed February 11, 2011.
967:
378:Offshore wind farms in the US
270:Website, resources, and tools
1069:. Accessed February 9, 2011.
1009:, U.S. Department of Energy.
997:. Accessed February 8, 2011.
264:small wind consumer’s guides
194:Support for Native Americans
7:
1223:Virginia Wind Working Group
1198:Oklahoma Wind Working Group
1183:Nebraska Wind Working Group
1173:Michigan Wind Working Group
1148:Illinois Wind Working Group
1123:Arkansas Wind Working Group
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1178:Montana Wind Working Group
1153:Indiana Wind Working Group
1133:Georgia Wind Working Group
1118:Arizona Wind Working Group
282:Funding and implementation
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30:) is an initiative of the
1203:Oregon Wind Working Group
1158:Kansas Wind Working Group
1138:Hawaii Wind Working Group
1113:Alaska Wind Working Group
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835:Aermotor Windmill Company
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99:State Wind Working Groups
1143:Idaho Wind Working Group
880:NextEra Energy Resources
148:Wind for Schools project
142:Wind for Schools Project
46:Formed in 1999 by DOE’s
1218:Utah Wind Working Group
1193:Ohio Wind Working Group
885:Ørsted US Offshore Wind
185:Anemometer loan program
771:Block Island Wind Farm
119:New England Wind Forum
86:Initiative focus areas
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1083:Wind Powering America
931:Wind power portal
383:Wind Powering America
229:energy technologies.
24:Wind Powering America
19:
828:Wind power companies
820:(Under construction)
814:(Under construction)
373:Wind farms in the US
758:Offshore wind farms
392:Wind power by state
153:small wind turbines
113:Regional activities
106:Wind Working Groups
910:Wind Capital Group
363:NASA wind turbines
233:Wind resource maps
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895:UGE International
729:San Gorgonio Pass
276:consumer’s guides
175:affiliate program
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674:Fowler Ridge
569:South Dakota
564:Rhode Island
559:Pennsylvania
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875:Native Wind
782:Empire Wind
699:Meadow Lake
694:Los Vientos
664:Cedar Creek
654:Buffalo Gap
424:Connecticut
1232:Categories
968:References
812:South Fork
808:(proposed)
802:(proposed)
800:Ocean Wind
796:(proposed)
790:(proposed)
784:(proposed)
744:Sweetwater
724:Rush Creek
669:Flat Ridge
599:Washington
524:New Mexico
519:New Jersey
414:California
865:Invenergy
609:Wisconsin
574:Tennessee
489:Minnesota
247:80 meters
995:Database
943:Category
840:Avangrid
806:Skipjack
734:Sherbino
714:Peñascal
679:Highland
594:Virginia
549:Oklahoma
529:New York
504:Nebraska
494:Missouri
484:Michigan
474:Maryland
464:Kentucky
444:Illinois
429:Delaware
419:Colorado
409:Arkansas
295:See also
220:levels.
955:Commons
900:US Wind
855:GE Wind
788:Marwind
778:(pilot)
767:(pilot)
614:Wyoming
589:Vermont
499:Montana
449:Indiana
404:Arizona
214:website
73:Mission
42:History
905:Vestas
719:Roscoe
554:Oregon
509:Nevada
459:Kansas
434:Hawaii
399:Alaska
689:Limon
579:Texas
469:Maine
439:Idaho
639:Alta
584:Utah
544:Ohio
454:Iowa
850:CIP
28:WPA
1234::
216:.
177:.
339:e
332:t
325:v
26:(
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