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The technique developed by the
Chinese was not adopted in Europe until the 18th century when winnowing machines used a 'sail fan'. The rotary winnowing fan was exported to Europe, brought there by Dutch sailors between 1700 and 1720. Apparently, they had obtained them from the Dutch settlement of
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Batavia in Java, Dutch East Indies. The Swedes imported some from south China at about the same time and
Jesuits had taken several to France from China by 1720. Until the beginning of the 18th century, no rotary winnowing fans existed in the West.
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in grain preparation. In its simplest form, it involves throwing the mixture into the air so that the wind blows away the lighter chaff, while the heavier grains fall back down for recovery. Techniques included using a winnowing fan (a shaped
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to walk away from Ithaca with an oar until a wayfarer tells him it is a winnowing fan (i.e., until
Odysseus has come so far from the sea that people don't recognize oars), and there to build a shrine to Poseidon.
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In ancient China, the method was improved by mechanization with the development of the rotary winnowing fan, which used a cranked fan to produce the airstream. This was featured in
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progressed, the winnowing process was mechanized by the invention of additional winnowing machines, such as fanning mills.
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shaken to raise the chaff) or using a tool (a winnowing fork or shovel) on a pile of harvested grain.
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The
Question of the Transmission of the Rotary Winnowing Fan from China to Europe: Some New Findings
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120:: "it was a simple agricultural implement taken over and mysticized by the religion of Dionysus,"
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to the agricultural cycle, but mortal Greek babies too were laid in a winnowing-fan. In
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The winnowing-fan (λίκνον , also meaning a "cradle") featured in the rites accorded
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M.W.Thompson, The Rise of the Castle, (Cambridge
University Press, 1991), 5–6.
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Münzenberg, Hessen. Chapel and Palas (G.Binding, Burg Münzenberg, 1962)
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This article is about the agricultural method. For other uses, see
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443:. Edinburgh: W & R Chambers. p. 504.
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282:Mechanization of the process
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290:Winnowing machine from 1839
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71:Use of winnowing forks by
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25:Winnowing (disambiguation)
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437:Chambers, Robert (1885).
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30:Not to be confused with
270:The development of the
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81:is a process by which
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304:Industrial Revolution
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106:Further information:
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484:Separation processes
266:In the United States
240:Jean-François Millet
118:Eleusinian Mysteries
199:encyclopedia (1637)
189:Chinese rotary fan
122:Jane Ellen Harrison
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168:, the dead oracle
85:is separated from
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21:Winnow (algorithm)
191:winnowing machine
144:mystery religions
126:Dionysus Liknites
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205:Fengshanche
193:, from the
148:Callimachus
138:high above
116:and in the
43:Uttarakhand
473:Categories
374:(1976:44).
354:Harrison,
342:References
232:Le vanneur
124:remarked.
58:Tamil Nadu
32:Windrowing
463:winnowing
331:Threshing
256:Yeavering
223:In Europe
211:Wang Zhen
170:Teiresias
156:Adrasteia
136:Parnassus
91:threshing
79:Winnowing
310:See also
216:Nong Shu
174:Odysseus
131:Thyiades
114:Dionysus
479:Harvest
326:Sieving
165:Odyssey
296:Cavers
172:tells
160:líknon
140:Delphi
96:basket
248:Saxon
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181:China
87:grain
83:chaff
62:India
47:India
252:Bede
23:and
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