260:(1943–1991), a well-known Taiwan female writer and traveller, used to be named Chen Maoping and later changed to Chen Ping, a native of Zhejiang. Born in Chongqing in 1943. In 1948, she moved to Taiwan with her parents. In 1967, she went to Spain to study and later went to Germany and the United States. In 1973, she settled in the Spanish Sahara and married Jose. After returning to Taiwan in 1981, she taught at the Cultural University and resigned in 1984 to focus on writing and speech. Sanmao's works have real emotions, without too much decoration, but show the original appearance of life and the wisdom and interest in life. In her works, there is no romance described in general love works, but more practical.
167:(1898–1934), formerly known as Huang Shuyi, also known as Huang Ying, was born in Fujian Province. She was a famous writer in the May Fourth Period. She was also known as one of the three Talented Women of Fuzhou, together with Bing Xin and Lin Huiyin. She was a modern Chinese writer, employed various vernacular genres to explore women's living conditions at the turn of the 20th century. Lu Yin has the perspective of feminism and writing conceptualization. She employed redefinition and diary fiction as major rhetorical strategies to challenge the sexist assumptions in the prevailing patriarchal discourses and empower Chinese women.
203:(1902–1928), China's modern female revolutionary activist. Her real name is Ru Bi, and because of the love of the plum blossom, her pen name was Shi Pingmei. She was born in 1902 in Pingding, Shanxi Province. In 1919, she became enthusiastic about literary creation when she studied at Beijing Women's Teaching College. In September 1923, in the supplement of the morning newspaper, she serialized a long travel note. In 1924, she edited, together with her close friend Lu Jingqing, Beijing News Supplement "Women's Weekly". In 1926, she continued to co-edit the World Daily Supplement with Lu Jingqing.
55:女人無才便是德 (for women, lack of literary talent is a virtue) summarizes the dominant sentiment that the literary field was traditionally a domain for men. Despite this belief, works authored by women play an integral part throughout Chinese history. There were a number of women writers before the 20th century who were respected by the intelligentsia of their era, even if much of their work was considered less important than men's work in general. Female writers helped bring forth themes such as romance, marriage, gender roles, and women's politics.
131:, Prostitution and trafficking of women. Women were allowed to own land, divorce, and join the military and other employment fields. However, the establishment of this ideology did not liberate women; instead, it undermined the feminine voice by forcing women to take a male-oriented stance on public and domestic policy. Literature authored during this time reflects the restrictive and masculine perspective of women writers during this period. This "
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of this time was Mao Xiuhui. She was a 16th-century poet who wrote a poem based on her husband's failure to gain a position as a civil servant. The poem draws parallels between the male and female as they suffer hardships in the political and domestic arenas. Other notable female poets in
Chinese history were Gao Zhixian,
62:
in the biography and bibliography were poets. The aesthetic nature of poetry was highly regarded, while fiction was viewed as an avenue taken because of a failed career or commercial venture. A marked increase in female literacy took place during the Late
Imperial Era. One of the most notable poets
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was a
Chinese writer. She also used the pen name, Qiao Yin. Xiao Hong is a female writer with a unique artistic style. She is unique in literature history with her mixed emotional tone, hard and soft language style. Xiao Hong is a typical female youth in literature with her exceptional writing
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Eileen Chang is a uniquely charming writer in the history of modern
Chinese literature. Her life-long creation involves novels, essays, and script reviews, among which novels have achieved the highest achievement. Her novels show personal characteristics in material selection, conception,
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or remaining loyal to their family and maintaining peace and order. This social movement positively influenced literary discourse at the time. Women writers of the time authored works reflecting the feminist sentiment and the issues that came with the revolution.
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came to power in 1949, he addressed women's rights and tried to establish women's equality through the "iron girls" of national development ideal. Through this philosophy, the
Chinese government abolished long-standing practices such as
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The following is a list of women writers who have made significant contributions to modern
Chinese women's writing. These writers include Lu Yin, Xie Wanying, Shi Pingmei, Ding Ling, Xiao Hong, Eileen Chang, and San Mao.
135:" style of writing submerged true feminine identity, rendering the female perspective neglected and hidden in the male-dominated political and aesthetic arenas. There were some exceptions to this rule, such as
87:. This signifies the material conditions of Chinese society and the vision of the critical imagination of these women. The beginning of the century marked a period of growing unrest for women as the
47:, loosely translated as "literary talent," is an attribute describing profound lyricism, deep intellectuality and analytic skill. Although it was acknowledged that both women and men possessed
19:
Despite a long-held belief in pre-modern China that women lacked literary talent, women's works – particularly poetry – did win a degree of respect within
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gained favour with
Chinese feminists looking to study gender relationships, thus becoming a topic of many feminist writers throughout the early and mid portions of the 20th century.
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Chang, K.S. & Saussy, H. (Eds.) (1999). Women writers of traditional China: An anthology of poetry and criticism. Stanford, California: Stanford
University Press. pp. 1–44.
183:: 冰心) or Xie Bingxin, was one of the most prolific Chinese writers of the 20th century. Many of her works were written for young readers. She was the chairperson of the
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in 1840 and the subsequent imperialist invasion. For the
Chinese, the necessity of "becoming a modern person" stems from the state of emergency. Then came the
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Schaeffer, Kay & Xianlin, Song. (2007). Unruly Spaces: Gender, Women'’ Writing and
Indigenous Feminism in China. Journal of Gender Studies, 16 (1), 17–30
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Before 1840, Chinese women generally lived their lives within the family. Women followed the idea that for women, lack of literary talent was a virtue.
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characterization, narrative structure and language skills. She has expanded a new horizon of female criticism and a new world of female literature.
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conveyed expression from a feminine perspective, as opposed to man writers who conveyed expressions from a masculine perspective.
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Jinhua, Z. (2009). Women's Culture and Writing in the 1990s: Illusions and Breakout. (Y. Qinfa & J. Shan, Trans.). About.com
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became literature with modern humanistic spirit, taking women as the subject of experience, thinking, aesthetics, and speech.
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593:"The Female Recluse: The Trope of Withdrawal and Self-representation in Poems by Two Late Ming/Early Qing Women Writers"
211:(1904–1986) graduated from the Department of Chinese Literature at Shanghai University and became a member of the
247:(1920–1995), formerly known as Zhang Ying, pen name Liang Jing, was born in Shanghai. One of her famous works is
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took hold. Women of this period were faced with the dilemma of protesting oppressive ideals stemming from
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Larson, W. (1998). Women and Writing in Modern China. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
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Broadly speaking, the public refers to all works written by women as feminine literature. After the
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187:. Her pen name Bing Xin carries the meaning of a morally pure heart and is taken from a line in a
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Laurence, S. (2008.) Mao’s ghost. The Boston Phoenix. Retrieved from the web December 8, 2009.
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Enduring the Revolution : Ding Ling and the Politics of Literature in Guomindang China
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